This photograph is connected to the first HMAS Warrnambool (J202), which was one of 60 Bathurst class corvette vessels built during World War II by Mort's Dock & Engineering Co Ltd of Sydney under the commission of the Royal Australian Navy (RAN). It was the namesake of the City of Warrnambool in Victoria. The armed minesweeper was 57 metres long and could had a complement of 85 personnel. Its armament included 1 × 4 inch Mk XIX gun, 1 × 40 mm Bofors AA gun (installed later), 3 × 20 mm Oerlikon guns (1 later removed), machine guns and depth charge chutes and throwers. It was launched in Sydney in May, 1941. The HMAS Warrnambool began service with patrols off Bass Strait in 1941. In December the ship docked in Warrnambool Harbour and the crew marched in a parade along Timor Street. The ship’s crew received a donation of 110 books from the Warrnambool Patriotic Fund, and a plaque of the City of Warrnambool’s Coat of Arms presented by the Mayor, Cr. John R Astbury. In September 1942 a Dutch East Indies family, Samuel and Annie Jacob and seven of their eight children, was rescued by the HMAS Warrnambool and evacuated to Darwin. The family settled in Melbourne, then in 1944 Samuel tragically died. After the war ended the family was threatened with deportation under Australia’s Immigration Restriction Act 1901 (known also as the White Australia policy). Annie married her landlord, John O’Keefe but was still issued a deportation order in 1949. The family appealed to the High Court and the case became famous for being the first successful legal challenge to the Act. The HMAS Warrnambool was in Darwin during the time it was bombed, attacked by the Japanese while rescuing 73 crew from a merchant vessel that had also been attacked. The ship was involved in several other rescues and carried troops to New Guinea. Other events included escort and patrol duties on Australia's east coast, then at Fremantle and back to Darwin. When the Japanese surrendered on September 11, 1945, at the end of World War II, the ship was at Timor. It performed mine clearance work around the Solomon Islands and New Guinea after the war. On 13th September 1947 the ship was sent to lead a flotilla at the Great Barrier Reef, off the Queensland coast. The mission was to clear the defensive British mines that were laid during1941-43 to protect Australia’s boarders. The HMAS Warrnambool hit a mine near Cockburn Reef, exploded and sank shortly afterwards. One of the 70 or so men on board was killed at the time and thirty-two men were badly injured; three of these also lost their lives. The four deceased were Victorian seamen. The wounded men were transferred by boats to the nearby HMAS Swan II, where the Swan’s and the Warrnambool’s doctors cared for them. The HMAS Swan II took the survivors to Cairns, and from there the men were flown by RAAF to either Brisbane or Sydney hospitals. The HMAS Warrnambool was the only RAN ship to be sunk by a mine, and the four who lost their livers were the last naval casualties from World War II. The ship’s wartime service was recognised by three honours. In May 1948 a number of items were recovered by Navy divers from the wreck of HMAS Warrnambool. The items included the ship’s bell (inscribed HMAS Warrnambool 1941) and the round plaque with the Seal of the Warrnambool City Council. In 1949 the plaque was returned to the Council, and the bell was donated to the Australian War Memorial. Further objects were recovered by the new owners of the wreck, Southern Cross Diving and Salvage, in 1972-75. A memorial plaque, honouring the memories of all those who served on the HMAS Warrnambool until is sunk on September 13 1947, was erected in Warrnambool on September 13, 1995. NOTE: (1)- The second HMAS Warrnambool (FCPB204), also the namesake of the City of Warrnambool, was built in 1980 in Cairns, one of fifteen Fremantle Class Patrol Boats ordered by the RAN. It was just over 41 metres long with a compliment of 22 personnel. It patrolled Australia’s northern waters for illegal fishing vessels. This vessel was decommissioned in 2005. (2)- There was also a steam and sail ship named the S.S. Warrnambool, built in 1892 in London and broken up in 1926.This photograph is significant for its association with Royal Australian Navy and its vessel, HMAS Warrnambool (j202). The HMAS Warrnambool played a nationally significant role in overturning Australia’s Immigration Restriction Act 1901 (colloquially known as the White Australia policy). The ship rescued, and brought to Australia, Samuel and Annie Jacob and their family after they evacuated Dutch East India. The family was threatened with deportation and made the first successful appeal to High Court regarding that Act. The HMAS Warrnambool has - Local significance for being the namesake of the City of Warrnambool - Local significance, having docked in Warrnambool Harbour - Local significance, the crew having paraded in Timor Street, Warrnambool - State significance for its first patrol being in Bass Strait. - National significance, being present in Timor at the Japanese surrender - National significance as part of Australia’s defence force history, being one of only four Bathurst class corvettes lost while in Australian service, the only Bathurst class corvette lost after World War II, the only RAN vessel to be sunk by a mine, and associated with the last four Navy deaths of WWIIBlack and white photograph of vessel H.M.A.S. Warrnambool J202 on an open sea. The identifying number is painted on the hull. The ship is flying a white ensign. A lifeboat is suspended near the centre of the ship. Figures can be seen on deck. Hand written inscription on the reverse side. On ship's hull "J202" On reverse of photo "From P.O. FRED MATTHEWS. 23378. R.A.N." "MARIBYRNONG MAIDSTON RSL" "H.M.A.S. WARRNAMBOOL"flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, photograph, h.m.a.s. warrnambool, maritime village, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, mort's dock & engineering co ltd, hmas warrnambool, hmas warrnambool i, hmas warrnambool j202, hmas swan ii, j202, world war ii, bathurst class corvette, royal australian navy, ran, sydney built ship, bass strait patrol, sea mine patrol, mine sweeper, mine clearance, navy divers, great barrier reef, cockburn reef, southern cross diving and salvage, warrnambool city council, cr j r astbury, mayor j r astbury, warrnambool patriotic fund, seal, coat of arms, ship’s bell, hmas warrnambool 1941, shipwreck by sea mine 1947, sea rescue, life saving, lifesaving, sinking ship, sunk ship, immigration restrictions act 1901, white australia policy, samuel and annie jacob, john o'keere, minesweeper

Handwritten notes mentioning Bendigo Mines. Four mines, Garden Gully United, South New Moon, Hustlers Reef and Catherine Reef United have some information about them. Others listed are: Catherine Reef United, Carlisle, Clarence United, Central Ellesmere, Collman & Tacchi, Confidence Extended Cornish United, Ellenborough, Extd South Devonshire, Eureka, Fortuna Hustlers, Garden Gully United, G G Consolidated, Geribaldi, Great Southern, Gt Northern, Gt Extended Hustlers, Gt Central Victoria, Golden Age, Golden Pyke, Goldfields North, Goldfields Consolidated, North Johnsons, Pearl, Princess Dagmar, Phoenix, Railway Prince of Wales, Shamrock, St Mungo, Sadowa, Sea, Specimen Hill Sth St Mungo, South New Moon, South Devonshire, Suffolk United, United Devonshire, Unity, United Hustlers & Redan, United Ulster, Victoria Consols, Victoria Quartz, Pansora, Virginia, Victoria Proprietory, Williams United, Hustlers Reef, Hustlers Royal Reserve, Hercules & Energetic, Ironbark, Johnsons Reef No 1, Hustlers Royal Reserve, Ironbark, Johnsons Reef, Johnsons Extended, Kochs Pioneer, Lazarus New Chum, Lady Barkly - Lightning Hill, McDuff Amalgamated, Morning Star, New Chum Consolidated, New Chum Railway, New Chum & Victoria, New Blue Consolidated, New Hopefu, New St Mungo, New Argus, New Moon, New Victoria Catherine, New Chum Goldfields, North New Moon and North Argus. Document from Albert Richardson Collection of mining history.document, gold, bendigo mines 1906, bendigo mines 1906, catherine reef united, carlisle, clarence united, central ellesmere, collman & tacchi, confidence extended cornish united, ellenborough, extd south devonshire, eureka, fortuna hustlers, garden gully united, g g consolidated, geribaldi, great southern, gt northern, gt extended hustlers, gt central victoria, golden age, golden pyke, goldfields north, goldfields consolidated, north johnsons, pearl, princess dagmar, phoenix, railway prince of wales, shamrock, st mungo, sadowa, sea, specimen hill sth st mungo, south new moon, south devonshire, suffolk united, united devonshire, unity, united hustlers & redan, united ulster, victoria consols, victoria quartz, pansora, virginia, victoria proprietory, williams united, hustlers reef, hustlers royal reserve, hercules & energetic, ironbark, johnsons reef no 1, hustlers royal reserve, ironbark, johnsons reef, johnsons extended, kochs pioneer, lazarus new chum, lady barkly - lightning hill, mcduff amalgamated, morning star, new chum consolidated, new chum railway, new chum & victoria, new blue consolidated, new hopefu, new st mungo, new argus, new moon, new victoria catherine, new chum goldfields, north new moon, north argus, bgo library 'healthy golden bendigo' - 1906

Plaque at Locarno Springs, Hepburn Mineral SpringsHEPBURN SPRINGS Where reverent gum trees gray-leaved aroming stems Enshrine the greem 'tween walls of slanting slate, Run waters, sihones from some buried grate, In drops more precious than deep mined gems. The elements are liquid in that stream and bursting bubbles charge the atmosphere The breath of nature moves the grasses here, and all is tranquil as a midday dream. The alchemist did set a mighty task, to list an learn the components of life, To change and find some radiant power new from atoms boiled in baking tube ad flask, and now we fear colossal human strife with things the caldrons of the Earth Eschew W.H.S. 1962hepburn springs, whs, mineral springs reserve, locarno spring

Tourmaline specimens are members of a crystalline silicate mineral group based on boron but influenced by elements including aluminium, iron, magnesium, sodium, lithium, or potassium. Specimens present a wide variety of colours and forms according to the specific mix of these elements. Tourmalines are semi-precious gemstones with many applications, including commercial jewellery production. The word 'tourmaline' derives from the Sinhalese term for the carnelian or red-shaded specimens, "tōramalli". This specimen has been classified by geologists as 'Black Schoalou/Tourmaline in quartz'. Schoalou may equate to a common black-hued type of Tourmaline associated since around 1400 with mines in Saxony, Germany near a village called Schorl (today's Zchorlau). If this specimen is part of the 'Schorl' species of tourmaline it is a member of the most common group of Tourmalines, a divalent sodium ion influenced group accounting for 95% of specimens. On assessment, it was noted that the crossed lines (XIs) of this tourmaline have been fractured and rehealed by the quartz matrix in which the tourmaline rests. This item is significant as an example of its type of gemstone and the geological processes leading to its formation. A solid medium-sized piece of Black Schoalou/Tourmaline in a cream and peach coloured quartz matrix. Existing label: Black Schoalou / Tourmaline in / quartz. / Tourmalines XIs have / been fractured and / rehealed with / quartz / C. Willman / 15/4/21 /geological specimen, geology, geology collection, burke museum, beechworth, indigo shire, north-east victoria, tourmaline, quartz, boron, crystals, minerals, gemstones, semi-precious, black schoalou, zchorlau, schorl

This photograph is of old mine workings on the site of the Spring Creek diggings. Spring Creek is a contact zone for granite pluton and siltstones, shales and standstones; which has, over time, encouraged natural springs to form. Enriched with gold washed out of the surrounding granite, these alluvial deposits achieved fame from 1852 onwards as the Spring Creek Diggings sprang to life (not realised as geographically important until 1871). In Spring Creek that runs behind the main street of Beechworth, near the foot of Newtown Hill a pint pot of gold was discovered on one of these expeditions in 1852 by prospectors Baker and Strickland and the gold rush town of Spring Creek was formed. Australian gold rushes have always created a sense of independence and freedom; as do-it-yourself, off-grid, low-tech adventures. People of all backgrounds were drawn to the gold fields by the prospect of riches and adventure, but they also learned self-sufficiency and found freedom of expression. Industry boomed, new practices were adopted and social norms were upended. This image is of historical significance as it informs on the history of Australian gold mining. It represents the innovation that accompanied the mining industry and the importance of gold mining in town building and regional histories. Black and white rectangular photograph on unmounted board.gold mining, spring creek, mining, geography, geology

During an xray demonstration on 23 July 1896 "Seven patients of the doctors who were present were treated. In each case the patient was suffering from the effects of an old wound or some other injury to other a hand or foot. One patient, a boy had a finger broken some years earlier and when xray plate of the injury was developed it indicated plainly the fracture on one of the joints of the third finger. In another case a woman had a foot had a foot X-rayed and the photograph revealed the seat of an earlier imjury to it. Likewise an injury to the bones of a hand of an elderly man was revealed by an x-ray photograph. Every X-ray photograph that evening showed the importance of this new development in electrical science and the doctors present agreed the "the results of the experiments on their patients, by showing the exact seat of the injury and its present condittion, would materially assist them iin supporting cures." (Warren Perry, The Ballarat School of Mines and Industries Ballarat, p 146.)Pioneer xray of a handx-ray, hand, pioneer xray, xray demonstration, bones

In February 1913 the Ballarat Junior Technical School opened its doors to its 86 pupils. The old bluestone building in the grounds of the Dana Street Primary School became their temporary for eight years. In its early years the school offered only a two-year course. The first year was of a general nature giving a thorough grounding in Mathematics and Instrumental Drawing, and introducing students to the various branches of trade work. The second-year students studied for the Junior Technical Certificate and specialized in a course of their choice - either a trade (Woodwork or Fitting and Turning) or a course leading to higher studies at the School of Mines. The photograph shows the students outside the school building. Musical instruments, trophy and shield are shown. When World War 1 began, the school formed a 16 piece Bugle Band. A squad of Junior Cadets led by Mr A Williams and later Mr H Wakeling competed at the South Street contests. Mr A Steane (the Headmaster) is shown to the right of the bass drum.Black and white copy of original photograph that is mounted on brown card. Photograph shows the students and staff outside the bluestone building at Dana Street Primary School - first location of the Ballarat Junior Technical School. Drums, a shield and a trophy are located in the foreground. The Headmaster, Albert E. Steane is seated in the centre front row. ballarat junior technical school, bass drum, steane, drum, dana street primary school, bluestone, albert steane, a steane, dana st, world war 1, south street contests, junior cadets, williams, wakeling, bugle band, junior technical certificate, mathematics, instrumental drawing, woodwork, turning and fitting, dana street state school

Used at School of mines and industries Ballarat As H.V. McKay's Sunshine Harvester business expanded there was a requirement for a school to train the company's apprentices. In 1911, H.V. McKay wrote to the Victoria Cabinet offering 2,000 pounds and 4 1/2 acres of land in Derby Rd for a technical school, On the 7th July 1913, the new Sunshine Technical School opened with a wooded administration building with six class rooms and a large galvanised iron workshop for the trade apprentices. Mr George Baxter was appointed principal with assistant teachers, A.J. Dunlop (Maths & English), W.W. Anderson (Art) & H.B. Ernest (Maths & Science). Seventy students were enrolled in the first year of which 44 were apprentices from the Harvester Works. During the First World War Years (1914 - 1918) there was a difficulties with staffing and enrollments. The school was also used to provide vocational training for wounded returned soldiers. In 1919 during the great influenza epidemic the school was used as a hospital. ​Light blue soft covered booklet of 60 pages with information about office bearers, staff, objects of the school, prizes and scholarships, examinations, time tables, courses, and subjects. It has photographs and advertising.sunshine, technical school, sunshine technical school, prospectus, hugh victor mckay, r.m. lambert, george mckay, d.b. ferguson, samuel mckay, george bult, ralph mckay, george butlin, george baxter, f.s. midgley, j.b. gray, w. kerr, a.j. dunlop, h. ernst, w.w. anderson, f. cleary, school councillors, staff, blacksmithing, carpentry, fitting and turning, moulding, sheet metal, mathematis, english, science, art, 1914, h v mckay, sunshine harvester, 2000 pounds and land donated, wounded returned soldiers, 1919 ued as hospital, influenza epidemic

Booklet contains photographs of: THH the Duke and Duchess of Cornwall and York; Earl of Hopetoun, Governor General, and Countess; Commonwealth Ministry; The Royal Party at Government House Melbourne; TRH the Duke and Duchess Landing at St Kilda Pier; The Mayor of Melbourne Welcoming His Royal Highness at the entrance to the City; Procession Passing down Bourke Street; Presentation of War Medals to Victorian Soldiers; The Duke of York and his Staff; St Kilda and Prahran Arch; City Arch; Procession passing Princes Bridge; Opening Ceremony at First Federal Parliament; Citizens' Arch; Queen Victoria Arch; Royal Yacht Ophir; Warships Gromoboi (Russian) and Brooklyn (USA); German Arch; Chinese Arch; State School Fete at Exhibition Building; The University Commencement; Group of Fijian Constabulary; Laying Foundation Stone, Soldiers' Memorial Ballarat; Visit to South Star Gold Mine, Ballarat; Illuminations at Princes Bridge and Flinders Street Station; Illuminations at Parliament House and Treasury; Illuminations at Town Hall and City ArchGold coloured paper cover embossed and tied with gold thread. Contains 16 pages of cream coloured paper printed in black, some with blue decorative margins.Handwritten inscription on title page: 'For the Boy from Grandfather in memory of a very happy time we spent together May 1901'duke and duchess of cornwall and york, royal visits, 1901, opening of parliament, federation arch, st kilda and prahran arch, city arch, german arch, chinese arch

When the numerous gold mines declined in production, the eucalyptus oil industry became an important source of work. The first eucalyptus oil producer in Bendigo was a chemist called Richard Sandner who operated a plant and refinery in Bridge Street from 1876. By 1900, many other distillers operated on the northern edge of Bendigo and in the Whipstick. In 1926, the Forest Commision established a eucalyptus distillery at Gunyah in Wellsford State Forest. See the Wellsford Forest Note for more information. Today, there are just two eucalypt distilleries operating in Bendigo. Most of the world’s eucalyptus oil is now produced overseas. SOLOMON GULLY CIRCUIT WALK - Solomon Gully Nature Conservation Reserve. Rangers say this is a great place to see heaps of Bendigo Waxflowers. A 1.5km, unsurfaced track. It is rough and steep in places, but suitable for families. Closed shoes with a good drip are recommend. The track is popular with families and runners. There is parking available off Burnside St (opposite Quarry Hill / Bendigo Lawn Cemetery).Peter Ellis Collection, t16 slides of the Whipstick and Eucalyptus Oil Production, Solomon Gully Reserve Quarry Hill, Quarry Hill Golf Course Extensions Some history of the Whipstick.history, bendigo, peter ellis collection, whipstick bendigo, bendigo state forests, eucalyptus oil, solomon gully reserve quarry hill bendigo, whipstick hotel shamrock, magetti's wallace reef wine hall, whipstick, frederick the great mine sebastian, quarry hill golf course

Helen BURGESS (c.1927 - 08.03.2018) Born Sydney, New South Wales Helen Burgess gained a Diploma of Design and Craft, and instructed Craft in the Occupational Therapy Departments of Repatriation and Rehabilitation. In 1957 she came to Victoria, gaining a Technical teachers Certificate from the Bendigo School of Mines. Soon after moving to Ballarat in 1973 she joined the newly formed Ballarat Embroiders Guidance Group (later Embroiders Guild). She lectured in Craft at the Ballarat Institute of Advanced Education from around 1974. She retired from the Ballarat College of Advanced Education in 1982. Helen Burgess was also an office bearer with the Ballarat Field Naturalists Club. Helen retired from BCAE in 1982 as Lecturer in Art and Craft, having commenced at BIAE approx. 1974. This work was possibly exhibited at the Embroiderers Guild, Victoria - Ballarat Branch. In 2015 Helen Burgess was considered one of the guild's longest members, at it was thought she was a foundation member of the Ballarat Branch.Textile landscape featuring applique, and hand and machine embroidery.Signed verso 'H. Burgess'.artwork, artist, helen burgess, textiles, embroidery, applique, landscape, ballarat field naturalists club, embroiderers guild

This artwork was found among items associated with the Ballarat School of Mines. Although its purpose remains unknown, it was possibly painted by a staff member or student for use on Wattle Day. Wattle Day originated in October 1889 by the Wattle Blossom League, and was associated with the Australian Natives Association during the lead up to the Federation of Australian States. The first 'national' Wattle Day was celebrated on 1 September 1910. Early Wattle Days involved planting wattle trees in school grounds, street decorations of wattle blossom, and wearing sprigs of wattle. As public support for Wattle Day peaked, World War I broke out. Wattle took on a new significance during the war years, symbolising home for military personnel serving overseas. Beautifully designed Wattle Day badges, as well as wattle sprigs, were sold as a means of raising money for organisations such as the Red Cross. This item is part of the Federation University Art Collection. The Art Collection features over 1000 works and was listed as a 'Ballarat Treasure' in 2007.The Australian coat of arms with wattle, painted onto canvas.art, artwork, emu, kangaroo, crest, advance australia, wattle day, wattle, coat of arms, patriotic, australian coar of arms, national symbol

Cr J Gall was a councilor on the Borough of Wonthaggi Council. The Borough included Cape Paterson, where Cr Gall saw 5 little penguins on the beach. He described them as looking for somewhere to nest – that is, to dig burrows in the coast adjoining the Cape Paterson sandy beach. At that stage, the Wonthaggi state coal mine had been closed for 4 years and Wonthaggi had more emphasis on attracting different industries. There was little interest in flora and fauna of the area at that stage. Cr Gall’s unusual sighting of the Little Penguins possibly nesting at Cape Paterson attracted derision from the other councillors, and also a sarcastic Editor's Note from the newspaper's editor - none of which was not surprising for that era. The Borough of Wonthaggi was later amalgamated with the shires of Phillip Island and Bass, plus other areas of a couple of others local shires in 1994 to form Bass Coast Shire Council, which quickly moved to a heavy emphasis on flora, fauna and the tourism industry related to the environment generally.The article clearly demonstrates the disinterested if not dismissive attitude of the Borough of Wonthaggi councillors and the local newspaper editor at the time towards observations of flora and fauna. However, the article is also an interesting record of 5 Little Penguins being sighted at a beach where they were not known to have previously been seen.Photocopy of Single column newspaper article, black print on white paper. Article has curved line border design on top, sides. Cut off in copy at bottom edge. Five paragraphs in main article, and 1 paragraph at bottom marked: Editor's noteSEN 13 - 7 - 72 (South Gippsland Sentinel Times newspaper, 13th July, 1972)little penguins, fairy penguins, eudyptula minor, penguin behaviour, borough of wonthaggi, cr j gall

This photograph was taken in the Mount Pilot Chiltern National Park. It was taken during a search for the tiger quoll conducted by a team of volunteers from the Wooragee Landcare Group. The tiger quoll is also known as the spotted-tail quoll and is found in the national park. The 2003 bushfires caused worry for the safety of the tiger quoll, hence the need for a search for it. Mount Pilot Chiltern National Park is located near Chiltern in Victoria. It's most notable landmarks include Mt Pilot and Woolshed Falls. It also has many mines from the Gold Rush in the late 1800s. It is home to much flora and fauna, including the tiger quoll. The park is also home to the box-ironbark forest that once was present in most of north-eastern Victoria. The park is a large tourist destination as in there are many bushwalks and other attractions for visitors. In 2003, bushfires raged through Mount Pilot National Park and destroyed much of the environment. Some of this damage can be seen in the burnt trees in the picture. This photograph represents the work that goes into protecting a important species like the tiger quoll and there has been much work done to preserve it. This photograph was taken when the Wooragee Landcare group went to ensure the survival of this species, highlighting how the tiger quoll is being protected. This photograph also demonstrates the significance of Mount Pilot Chiltern National Park. The park has many special flora and fauna that can only be found in this area. For example, the box-ironbark forest and the tiger quoll. The forest used to stretch over much of north-eastern Victoria and is therefore reminiscent of what that area of Victoria was once like. This park is historical for this reason but it is also historical through it being once goldfields from the Gold Rush in the 1800s.Landscape coloured photograph printed on gloss paperReverse: WAN NA 0ANA2N0 NNN- 1 1636 / [PRINTED] (No.8) / 922mount pilot, mount pilot chiltern national park, chiltern, victoria, landmark, woolshed falls, gold rush, tiger quoll, flora, fauna, spotted tail quoll, marsupial, andy murray, andy murray quolls, carnivorous marsupial, forests, rainforests, coastal heathlands, woodlands, photograph, species, wooragee, wooragee landcare group, wooragee landcare, bushfires, identification, search, dna, droppings, box ironbark forest, ironbark, box iron bark

Garnet is a popular gemstone used in jewellery due to its hardness and durability. There are about 5 varieties of Garnet, which distinguish the colour of each stone. In Australia mostly Pyrope and Aimandine varieties are found; Pyrope, which is blood-red to black and Aimadine, which is brownish-red to black. Other varieties are rarely found in Australia. The garnets visible in this specimen are likely Pyrope. Galnea is the natural mineral form of lead sulphide and has had various uses throughout history; from makeup to car batteries. It was first mined in South Australia in 1841. Green feldspar is an amazonite mineral, a variety of the potassium feldspar called microcline. This particular mineral is considered uncommon. It has been used in jewellery throughout history. It is likely that this specimen was found in Broken Hill, NSW, presumed due to findings of specimens with similar combinations. Broken Hill is Australia’s longest-lived mining city. The city’s fortunes have come and gone against an extreme economic background of boom and bust which continues today.This geological specimen is a rarity, given that is formed of three distinct minerals and the richness of colour that remains visible in this item attests to the strength of each structure. As we cannot pinpoint exactly where this specimen was found further research can only strengthen what is known about mining within Australia. As such the item is significant due to its scientific rarity and its ability to represent three specimens in one. A solid palm-sized mineral that features shades of grey, red and green. garnet, galnea, green feldspar, minerals, mining, rare specimen

HENRY SMERDON (Harry) HOLMES was born in 1897 at the family property, ’Sauchieburn’, 17 km north of Ballarat, in the Ascot district. He was the youngest of four children. After finishing his education at St Patrick’s College, Ballarat, Henry joined the Holmes family farming interests. At the age of 18 he enlisted and served with AIF in Egypt, France and Belgium 1915-1918. Henry served at the famous battlegrounds of Ypes and Somme in the Australian Army 8th Battalion. He was a Driver with the 4th D.A.C. The postcard is of "The Ascot" boys. Includes [Samuel] Gordon Spittle, Henry [Harry] Holmes's first cousin, and other Ascot lads and district connections: neighbours, Ascot State School classmates and football mates from Clunes / Creswick districts. [Research by a granddaughter of Henry Smerdon Holmes, Jane Dyer (nee Chatham) 2024] Ray Blight and Gordon Les Sim were former students of the Ballarat School of Mines. Les Sim was associated with Sim and Co. hardware and wood merchants). Eight soldiers of the AIF. They are the tent mates of Harry Holmes a Driver with the 5th D.A.C. The names of the soldiers are John Raymond (Ray) Blight, Joseph Fawcett, John Joseph (Jack) Nase, Gordon Spittle, Harry Holmes, Harold Joseph Reid, James Leslie (Les) Sim, Leslie John Walters. handwritten in pen on verso "This is a snap of our tent mates. Reading left to right. Back row, Jack Nase, Joe Fawcett, H. Reid. Middle - Les Walters, Ray Blight, Gordon Les Sim, (Sim and Co wood merchants) and Harryworld war 1, chatham, jack nase, chatham family archive, joe fawcett, h. reid, blight, sim, les walters, ray blight, gordon les sim, pickford, world war, gordon spittle, harry holmes, les sim, horace pickford, world war one, aif, armed services

TROVE : Advocate (Melbourne, Vic. : 1868 - 1954), Saturday 29 March 1919, page 6. For Perfuming the Living or Sick Rooms, for Special Services, High, Mass, Requiem Service, and Benediction. "SANAX" Fragrant Pastille; ignite easily and burn steadily, emitting delightful fumes of fragrant incense. Every home should have them. All Chemists, or BURROWS PHARMACY, 5 Brunswick St., FITZROY. TROVE : Age (Melbourne, Vic. : 1854 - 1954), Saturday 16 August 1941, page 4 SITUATIONS VACANT. ADVERTISERS …………Girl Packer, about 18 yrs. The Sanax Co., 5 Brunswick-street, Fitzroy. City…….. Manila coloured cardboard box printed in dark brown and orange containing a pink coloured lint cloth.Box. Side 1. 'SANAX (logo) BORACIC LINT. As a compress. Dip in very hot water, wring out in a clean towel, and apply hot, then cover with Absorbent Cotton and bandage. Smear with Carbolised Petrolatum as a Dressing for wounds. THE SANAX CO. Manuf. Chemists Melbourne Reg'd Office : 5 Brunswick Street, Fitzroy, N.6.' Side 2. 'THERE'S A "SANAX" FIRST AID CASE for every purpose 27 Distinct Patterns to choose from. No. 1 "Sanax" First Aid For Factories, Home etc. No. 1a "Sanax" First Aid For the Home, Farm, School No. 2 "Sanax" First Aid For Factories, Mines, Quarries No. 4 "Sanax" First Aid (Portable) For Sports Clubs, Scouts, Guides No. 5 "Sanax" First Aid For Mines, Racing & Football Clubs No. 7 "Sanax" First Aid (Portable) For the Farm, Home or Sports Field No. 9 "Sanax" First Aid (Portable) For the Motor Car No. 11 "Sanax" First Aid (Pocket Size) For Boy Scouts, Girl Guides No. 20 & 25 "Sanax" First Aid (Portable) For the Motorist. Side 3. USE "SANAX" ACHE TABLETS for ALL PAINS ACHES and FEVERS - SAFE and EFFECTIVE. Side 4 Keep "Sanax" First Aid Dressing handy , for small wounds, cuts, cracked hands, and abrasions. It forms an antiseptic healing skin over the damaged part. Sole Makers The SANAX Co. Melbourne. Side 5. TRADE "SANAX" MARKwound dressing, lint cloth

Mr. Northcott served all through the Crimean war, and obtained three service medals. He was most fortunate, as he did not even receive a scratch. While fighting in the trenches one day he happened to glance round, and was surprised to discover that his brother was by his side. They had not seen each other for a long time, and the meeting under such circumstances can be imagined. Two of his brothers, John and William, served throughout the war. At its close he came to Victoria, the gold fever being then at its height. His stay in Bendigo was brief, as the New Zealand rush attracted his attention, but he returned in 1858 to Bendigo, and as the outlook was quiet, he went back to New Zealand in 1859. Finally, in 1860, he settled in the Bendigo district with his father and mother and brother William. They took up some land at Leichardt and remained there for some years. It was about this time that he became prominent in musical circles. He came of a musical family, as his oldest brother, John, was one of the musicians to the Royal Family, and was pensioned by the late Queen Victoria. His younger brother, William, is at the present time one of the leading cornet players in the United States. In 1867 the late Mr. Northcott married Miss Lansell, sister of Mr. Geo. Lansell, her demise having taken place about three months before. When he left Leichardt, Mr. Northcott became Mr. Lansell's general manager, and continued in that capacity for 26 years. While he was manager of the 180 Mine it is estimated that gold to the value of a million sterling was taken from the mine. It is, perhaps, in his capacity as a bandsman, that Mr. Northcott was best known, as he became a familiar figure not only in the chief centres of Victoria but throughout Australia. He first became leader of the old Volunteer Band, and he was subsequently leader of the Battalion Band at Castlemaine. It was when he became leader of the musical combination known as Northcott's Brass Band that his fame and the fame of the band became widespread, as some 25 years ago it was one of the finest bands in Australia, and held that distinction for many years. Although many changes in the personnel of the band have taken place, it still retainsits old name. Mr. Northcott was a cornet player of high ability, and in 1871 he was presented by the citizens of Bendigo with a handsome silver cornet, in recognition of his services as a musician. His home contains a great array of trophies, photographic groups of bandsmen etc., which serve to indicate in a sense the reputation he enjoyed as a bandsman. During his career in Bendigo he invested in mining a good deal, but was not very fortunate in this respect, as he lost a good deal of money on the New Chum line. Naturally he was well known and warmly respected, especially by bandsmen. He was a genial citizen, and made a large circle of sincere friends. He was a member of the Zenith Lodge of Masons, having passed through the chairs twice. He was also a member of the A.O.F., and formerly a member of the School of Mines Administrative Council. It was about this time that he became prominent in musical circles. He came of a musical family, as his oldest brother, John, was one of the musicians to the Royal Family, and was pensioned by the late Queen Victoria. His younger brother, William, was one of the leading cornet players in the United States.Black and white photograph of Northcott's City Band, Bendigo. 3 rows of men in Band Uniform. Drum centre, brass instruments.men laying in grass at front.organisation, band, northcott's city band

This photograph was taken at the wreck site of the HMAS Warrnambool J202, wrecked on September 13th 1947. The bell was recovered in 1948 by the Royal Australian Navy. The ship's bell has been of great importance to a ship for hundreds of years. The bell is used for the timing of ships watches, for emergencies and many other purposes. It is also a prized possession when a ship is wrecked or broken up, as lasting memorial of the ship's existence. The HMAS Warrnambool J202 was commissioned by the Royal Australian Navy for use as a minesweeper during World War II. The Bathurst Class Corvette, fitted out with a range of armaments, was launched in Sydney 1941 and was. The ship began service in Bass Strait in 1941. At the end of the year it called into its namesake city, Warrnambool, where the crew paraded for the public marching eastwards along Timor Street. A gift of books for the ship’s personnel and a plaque bearing the City of Warrnambool’s Coat of Arms were presented to the ship. The ship was involved in evacuating a family of nine from the Dutch East Indies that was later successful in its challenge of Australia’s Immigration Restriction Act (White Australia Polity). The ship had many other appointments around Australia. On 13th September 1947 HMAS Warrnambool was leading a flotilla of minesweepers in northern Queensland’s coastal waters, clearing mines previously laid to defend Australia. The ship hit a mine, which exploded and very quickly sunk the ship. Boats from the nearby ships rescued most of the seamen although one was killed at the time. The survivors were taken by the HMAS Swan II to Darwin, and they went from there to hospitals in Brisbane and Sydney. Three of these men later died from their injuries. A number of items were recovered by Navy divers in 1948 including the ship’s bell and a plaque with Warrnambool’s Coat of Arms. In 1972-75 the wreck was sold and other items were salvaged. In 1995 a memorial plaque was erected in Warrnambool near the RSL. NOTE: The RAN built a second HMAS Warrnambool FCPB204, launched in 1981 and decommissioned in 2005. There was also a steam ship SS Warrnambool built in London 1892 and broken up in 1926. [A more detailed history can be found in our Collection Record 3477.] This photograph is significant for its association with the lifesaving rescue of the crew and the sinking Royal Australian Navy vessel, HMAS Warrnambool (J202). The HMAS Warrnambool played a nationally significant role in overturning Australia’s Immigration Restriction Act 1901 (colloquially known as the White Australia policy). The ship rescued, and brought to Australia, Samuel and Annie Jacob and their family after they evacuated Dutch East India. The family was threatened with deportation and made the first successful appeal to High Court regarding that Act. The HMAS Warrnambool has - Local significance for being the namesake of the City of Warrnambool - Local significance, having docked in Warrnambool Harbour - Local significance, the crew having paraded in Timor Street, Warrnambool - State significance for its first patrol being in Bass Strait. - National significance, being present in Timor at the Japanese surrender - National significance, shown by the significance of the ship’s bell being curated as Military Heritage and Technology at the Australian War Memorial. - National significance as part of Australia’s defence force history, being one of only four Bathurst class corvettes lost while in Australian service, the only Bathurst class corvette lost after World War II, the only RAN vessel to be sunk by a mine, and associated with the last four Navy deaths of WWII Photograph of ship bell from shipwreck of HMAS Warrnambool, sunk on 13-09-1947. The black and white photograph of the bell shows its inverted 'U' shaped fitting on top and inscribed letters around it. The flared base of the bell has concentric rings as decoration. In photograph, inscription on bell "- ARNAMB-" [WARRNAMBOOL]flagstaff hill, maritime village, maritime museum, warrnambool, shipwreck coast, mort's dock & engineering co ltd, h.m.a.s. warrnambool, hmas warrnambool, hmas warrnambool i, hmas warrnambool j202, hmas swan ii, j202, world war ii, bathurst class corvette, royal australian navy, ran, sydney built ship, bass strait patrol, sea mine patrol, mine sweeper, mine clearance, navy divers, great barrier reef, cockburn reef, southern cross diving and salvage, warrnambool city council, cr j r astbury, mayor j r astbury, warrnambool patriotic fund, seal, coat of arms, dedicatory plaque, hmas warrnambool 1941, shipwreck by sea mine 1947, sinking ship, sunk ship, sea rescue, life saving, lifesaving, hmas warrnambool ship’s bell, ship’s bell, minesweeper

Three volumes. Dark Blue hard covers with dust jackets Author MajGen RR McNicoll CBE. .1) Ubique the royal Australian Engineers 1835-1902 "the colonial Engineers." Blue and While dust jacket with soldier in red and navy uniform standing with sword in right hand 203 PP .2) The Royal Engineers 1902 - 1919 " Making and Breaking." 232 PP. Author Maj Gen RR McNicoll CBE, cream and sepia coloured dust jacket photograph of the building of Watson's Rer Anzac Cove June 1915. .3) The Royal Australian Engineers 1919 -1945 "Teeth and Tail." 432 PP Author Maj Gen RR McNicoll CBE AM. Cream and Sepia coloured dust jacket photograph of sappers disarming anti vehicle mines near Derna, Cyremaica 1941..1) .2) .3) Donated by the Batham Family written in ink on title pages,books, military history

Pollard Photographs:; 1. Back of postcard of the Pollard home in Wonga Road (also called Anderson Creek Road Road, and now Warrandyte Road).; 2. One bushel net apples, J Pollard, Victoria, Australia.; 3. Joseph and Emma Pollard and Family. Emma is nursing baby Ethyl.; 4. Ringwood PS photograph. Jack Pollard is second from the RHS in the back row.; 5. Woods Point with arrow indicating mine manager's house: that of Joseph Pollard. Circa 1900. The Pollard family had a 20 acre orcharding property between Mullum Mullum Road and Wonga Road. Given on 4th September 2010 by Arthur Lunt from his cousin. The Pollard family. School photo at Ringwood State School. Jack�s father was Joseph � land (orchard) between Mullum and Wonga Roads +Additional Keywords: Pollard

This blazer was worn by Joyce Murphy at the Ballarat Teacher's College. David van Leeuwen decided not to have a blazer as he was older, and thought it too much like school days. He attended the Ballarat Teachers' College when 27 years, after serving in the army. Because he didn’t have a blazer he didn’t have anywhere to put the colours so he offered them to Joyce Murphy as they were going out together. There should have been a football embroidery as well, but Joyce Murphy didn’t want that on her blazer because it was too boyish. Gift of Joyce van Leeuwen nee Joyce Murphy, 2014A blue woollen blazer with pocket featuring the Ballarat Teachers' College logo, sports colours, and representation in tennis, basketball and hockey. The pocket is a dual one. Joyce van Leeuwen remembers: 'Towards the end of our College year, were were given written authorisation denoting our sporting teams, to take to Paterson & Powell for embroidery on our blazer pockets. On my pocket, the hockey sticks, the BB for basketball, as netball was then called, all mine. The tennis racquet is David's [van Leeuwen], as is the braid topping the pocket denoting the College colours. College colours were authorised for excellence in a chosen sport, and in our year, 1950, only two men's colours were awarded - David's for basketball and Neil Trezise's for football. Neil went on to play for the Geelong Cats [AFL football] and later was Victorian minister for Sport for some time.'ballarat teachers' college, blazer, joyce murphy, joyce van leeuwen, paterson powell, colours, embroidery, david van leeuwen, van leeuwen, costume, uniform, textiles

Hand written notes on the fire at the Garden Gully United Mine 29/3/1911. Two reports from the Bendigo Advertiser 29 and 30 March 1911. First report battery watchman John Davey saw nothing unusual, then later saw the reflection of fire in the engine house. Second report mentions hose stretched over Mt Korong Rd being run over by Chinese market gardeners and others making the leaky hose leak all the more. Cages only travelled a short distance after the ropes broke. Unemployment after air compressors ruined by the fire. Written on the back: Some Facts and Figures - The Bendigo Goldfield has had its good and bad years. Yields ranged from 475, 857 ozs in 1852 and 451,588 ozs in 1856 to 168,990 ozs in 1878 and 148,700 -mine, gold, garden gully united mine, garden gully united mine, garden gully united fire, bendigo advertiser 29-30/3/1911, john davey

''The Chinese on the Bendigo Goldfield'' - draft paper with pencilled and typed annotations by ''Joch'' (J O O'Hattam) - undated. ; last page states ''Extracts from letters in the O'Breen family, and personal research; These letters were written between 1856 and 1899 by Shane O'Breen''. Mention of - two distinct 'groups' of Chinese (Canton & via California) with their stated differences in appearance and type of working; differences between European and Chinese mines (shafts as well as drives i.e. circular as against rectangular; 'smoking' of the shafts and tunnels by the Chinese; space in Chinese camps i.e. crowding; condition of Chinese camps; fire at Emu Creek camp of 1887; names of camps - Golden Square, Jackass Flat, Myers Flat, Kangaroo Flat, White Hills, Kennington, East Bendigo (Grassy Flat) and ''as far out as Diamond Hill''; Constable Ryan disappearance.Shane O'Breenbendigo, chinese, history, goldfields, chinese. o'breen family, shane o'breen, constable ryan. pigtail. cantonese. chinese smoked shafts and tunnels. emu point. opium smoking shop. joss house. golden square. jackass flat, myers flat, kangaroo flat. white hills, kennington. west bendigo (grassy flat). diamond hill.

Document, The Bendigo Trust, Letter to Ms Felicity Kingerlee Collins Bookstore Hargreaves Mall Bendigo Vic 3550. Dear Ms Kingerlee, I understand from David Horsfall that the Bendigo Historical Society has stored at Eaglehawk some replica gold nuggets, of those from the Bendigo District which I further understand your Society would be prepared to make available to the Bendigo Trust on permanent loan for display purposes. You may have read form recent press reports that the surface display at the Central Deborah Gold Mine has been upgraded and we would be grateful if these gold nuggets could be made available to enhance the displays here at the mine.I look forward to your response, Yours sincerely David Wright ADMINISTRATOR. 76 Violet Street, Bendigo,Vic,3550. 31 January 1997.organization, club/society, bendigo trust

Photograph. Cornish Collection - visit of Bendigo mine managers to Thompson's Engineering Works, Castlemaine. Article (undated) from Bendigo Advertiser (?) re visit one hundred years ago - with photos of 14 men with part of Thompson & Co brick building in background: : Mr Hicks (Red, White and Blue); Mr Glanville (Hustlers Royal Reserve); Mr Kidd (Shamrock Co.0; Mr Hollow (South Bellevue); Mr Rowe (new Chum Rail); Mr Jas Northcote (Lansell's general manager); Mr Edward (Fortuna-Hustlers); Mr Prior (Garden Gully); Mr J Lonsdale (Shenandoah); Mr Whitford (Lazarus Co,); Mr Harvey (New Chum United); Mr Bradshaw (electrical engineering); Mr Lonsdale (Lazarus Co.); Mr L B McGrath (Thompson's representative).bendigo, gold mining, miners