These badges were issued to female relatives of a person serving overseas during WW1 and WW2,The badges are originals as issued during WW1 and WW2One Badge is oval shape, blue and silver colour finish. One badge is round shape with a silver colour finish.The first oval shape badge was issued to nearest female relative of those on active service overseas, during WW1. Issued to by Dept of Defence to Women of Australia, For Duty Done - 22589 - 9455 The second round badge was issued to female relatives was issued to the female relatives, nearest has been dropped, issued in WW2.A206433 -[ Issued by Cowth Govt.female relatives badges, ww1, ww2

Postcard shows 3 women, 1 seated, 2 standing on flat rock around water pools Area unknownPost Card, Correspondence, Address only, Kodak, Australiascenery, people

Jane and Samuel Delley emigrated to Australia in 1857. By 1870 they and their young family had settled in the area at the entrance of the Fyans Valley and on the west of Fyans Creek. There they built a home and recognising the needs of passing travellers and timber-getters, they established Delley's Inn, providing food and refreshments to all in need.Timber dwelling with bark roof and two chimneys, one at either side of the house. In front stand four men and two women with two wagon drays in the foreground. The area is enclosed by picket fencing close to the house and a rough timber fence on the rear of the boundary. Delley's Inn,1870 on reverse in pencilbuildings, houses, accommodation, delley's inn

Photo is probably a tourist shot for advertising activities in the Grampians. Climbing area is somewhere around Chatauqua Peak. Photo shows two women and a boy attempting to climb a section of rock. The women are dressed in blouses and long skirts and are holding on to a rope. one is wearing a hat. the boy is wearing a cap and is barefoot.'Steady Now! Just Another Inch' Fair Mountaineers climbig Chatauqua Peak, Grampians,Vic, Australia. Copyright 1909.recreation, rock climbing

This publication covers the mid 1900s and relates to a period where the majority of the Australian population was engrossed with the Queen of Australia, even though her Highness did not reside on this continent. The period covered was before the great immigration insurgence from Europe.The Labour Party's "White Australian" policy was a hinderance and a barrier towards the Asian and African prospective immigrants. The motto Queen and Country was still very ingrained in the rural population. This period in Australian domestic self reliance, brought about the growing strength and very active trade union movement and their staunch support for the Tariff protection against a growing swell of imported goods. This self reliance psyche was essentially a by product of World War II, and the isolation felt by the Australian People. The Queen (royalty) was the binding force holding the British Empire together which was emphasised with her popularity when touring Australia Queen Elizabeth's visited the MCG twice in 1954 1. to attend an assembly of ex-servicemen and women's organisations 2. to attend a Children's Display. She also visited Government House and visited Country Victoria on the Royal train from 24th Feb - 9th March.The Kiewa Valley and all the rural areas in the region were still very much tied to the "mother land" and trade between Britain and Australia was very strong. Trade with Asian manufacturers was minimal and needed the late 1900s to see both the trade and immigration barriers fall. This book was produced during a time when the majority of Australians looked more to England for trade and companionship. The agricultural trade with England and Europe was very high and the motto of the time was "Australia grows on the sheep's back". Late 1900's saw the motto "Australia grows on the miner's back" The Queen was still very popular then which was emphasised by the large crowds which greeted her on tour. Residents of Mt Beauty including Cubs, Brownies, Scouts and Guides travelled to Benalla to see the Queen. Clare Roper was a founding member of the KVHS and attended a garden party at Buckingham Palace representing the local CWA. She has purchased this book and therefore giving this a close historical significance connection, it has good provenance and interpretive capacity. This hard(blue coloured) covered book contains thirty six double sided pages. Both the first and last pages (inside cover included) has the royal crest of Australia (kangaroo and emu) balancing the individual six states crests ,united under the royal crown. The first six double pages, each portraying a coloured free hand sketches of various Australian scenery enclosing the Queen's day by day and State by State itinerary. There are 115 black and white photographs and 25 coloured photographs contained in this book.Third page has free hand penned signature "Clare Roper"1954 royal tour, queen elizabeth ii monarchy, british empire in the 1900s, god save the queen.

This badge represents a period in time when a School Carnival was not only a major School activity but also had a community "spirit" attached to it. It represents the balance between the metal (learning) and the physical (body) development of the student body. This balance of the growing student has been in existence for centuries. Although some students excel in the academic side of schooling others balance this through the sporting/physical side of "school life" This balance is mirrored in the overall Australian society. From the late 1990's the highly lucrative "professional" sports have provided a highly monetary incentive for those excelling in the physical side of society.The Mount Beauty High School has not only provided outstanding academics but also sports professionals. It has and is still producing a cross section of outstanding Australian men and women. Although the local environment (rural) has limited opportunities for further scholastical and professional sporting achievements it is a vital facility in the student's development for the ever changing Australian society. This yellow coloured, round "lapel" badge is made from mild steel (tin). It has a safety pin shaped around a hole and running horizontal it can be pressed into a "U" shaped hole for fastening onto any material (blazer or shirt).On the front of the badge (in smaller green coloured print) and following the round shape of the badge is "MOUNT BEAUTY HIGH SCHOOL". In the middle portion of the badge, and in larger print "CARNIVAL". Below this in smaller print again is "21st MARCH 1970"high school education, metal school badges, school sports

This "ladies" pocket knife was used up to the late 1900's by influential and "well off" ladies, not only as a fashion statement but as a practical tool when away from the kitchen/home to peel fruit and provide a cutting instrument for small items. It was a method to show the growing independence of women to skillfully process food away from the home and kitchen. The use of such a small compact knife could also have been used by male cigar smokers (docking the end of the cigar)This "lady's "purse" knife was a demonstration of the growing independence of women in Australia and especially in rural areas up to the 1940's. The two World Wars provided the opportunity for women to take over what was traditionally "men's work". This evolution of women's equality in society brought changes to what the traditional role of rural women had been entrenched from first colonisation of Australia. The use of such a small compact knife could also have been used by male cigar smokers (docking the end of the cigar). This method of preparation of a good cigar would have been used by wealthy property owners or men of "class"This small one blade knife (lady's) has an "ivory" body containing one small blade. Horizontal lines in "off white" appearance run from one end to the other. One end has a "U" fitting(to provide an anchorage for a chain). This small knife could also have been used by male cigar smokers.ladies pocket knife, small knives, traveller's cutting implements

This cigarette or pipe lighter was in use in the mid 1900's when the majority of users were men. Ladies did smoke but mainly not in "public" The activity was still regarded as a male activity. Middle to Upper "Class" of women nearly always had a gentleman "at hand" that would "light up" her cigarette. This was seen as a "social" activity only but later in the mid 1900's onward it was quite acceptable for both sexes to "smoke" at anytime.This type of lighter was male orientated due to the degree of lighting the flint with the horizontal movement required a strong thumb action across the lighting wheel. It is significant to rural areas such as the Kiewa Valley as the majority of men (especially during and after World War II) regarded smoking as a way to ease off the "tension" of hard work. The socio-economics of the Australian work place changed after the emancipation of women in the "workforce" after the World War II depleted the male workforce for the duration of the War and changed the Australian ethics of women in all aspects of both city and rural working "so called" male only occupations.This Polo Swift lift arm cigarette/pipe lighter has a chrome plated shell and is fueled by petrol. To operate this lighter you lift the "snuffer" arm exposing the wick, then scrape the flint wheel to create a spark from the adjacent flint(resting on the brass ignition wheel).At the bottom of the lift arm station "POLO". Each side of the lighter are "Art Deco line running from the top of the lighter to the bottom. Between these is a rectangular box with "diamond crossed lines"early hand lighters, smoking in the 1930's, cigarette lighter, tobacco, cigerettes, lighter

This cigarette or pipe lighter was in use in the mid 1900's when the majority of users were men. Ladies did smoke but mainly not in "public" The activity was still regarded as a male activity. Middle to Upper "Class" of women nearly always had a gentleman "at hand" that would "light up" her cigarette. This was seen as a "social" activity only but later in the mid 1900's onward it was quite acceptable for both sexes to "smoke" at anytime.This type of lighter was male orientated due to the degree of lighting the flint with the horizontal movement required a strong thumb action across the lighting wheel. It is significant to rural areas such as the Kiewa Valley as the majority of men (especially during and after World War II) regarded smoking as a way to ease off the "tension" of hard work. The socio-economics of the Australian work place changed after the emancipation of women in the "workforce" after the World War II depleted the male workforce for the duration of the War and changed the Australian ethics of women in all aspects of both city and rural working "so called" male only occupations.This Roller Beacon lift arm cigarette/pipe lighter has a chrome plated brass shell and is fueled by petrol. To operate this lighter you lift the "snuffer" arm(long roller lift arm) exposing the horizontal external flint tube, then scrape the flint wheel to create a spark (to light the wick) from the adjacent flint(resting on the brass ignition wheel).At the base to the left of the "filler" screw "PATENT No. 485037, 818155" underneath "REG. DES. N" on the filler screw "ROLLER REG" underneath "TRADE MARK". To the right of the "filler", "THE ROLLER BEACON MADE IN ENGLAND"early hand lighters, smoking in the 1930's, cigarette lighter, cigarette, tobacco

This item has historical value as it shows part of the importance of fashionable money containers specific to a more affluent rural family. The period when sheep properties producing high grade wool were providing Australia with the high yield capital return to sustain an ever growing population. This was an era where most of the manufactured goods were imported from England and the European continent.This has relevant significant value as it portrays the earlier reliance that the growing Australian population had from the rural sector. The wealth capital was from the rural sector and the elaborate fashion accessories, such as this money purse, shows how that wealth was utilised. The Kiewa Valley was part of the "rich" farm regions of Victoria and besides gold mines and tobacco plantations, dairy and cattle properties provided for not only the needs of the Victorian region but also the rest of Australia. This gold plated filigree money purse has a clasp on top for fastening purposes and has on either side inside a small extension frame which would have contained a felt/silk padding buffer. The buffer would have highlighted the intricate pattern of the filigree metalwork.hand purse, money purse, filigree women's accessories

This aluminium kettle was manufactured between 1940 to 1960's and replaced the heavier caste iron "open fire" stove ones (in doors or in the bush). A cast iron flat base between the open fires and the kettle was required. This kettle was used extensively with indoor open fire places. It was part of the evolution in "tea" making kettles. These were the only method of making hot beverages before introduction of electric kettles. For the Kiewa Valley the connection to the major electricity grid was post 1950's.This kettle is significant demonstrating the type of kitchen utensils required before electrical home connections became a reality. The aluminium structure of the kettle was an advancement over the heavier caste iron kettles. This type of kettle is still in use for bush and mountain hikers/climbers due to the light weight. This kettle was used by the Tawonga C.W.A. Branch. The C.W.A. motto "Honour our God, Loyalty to the throne, Service to the country, Through country women, For country women, By country women."This 99% aluminium hot plate kettle with lid (bakelite handle) is Australian made for flat stoves (cooking or room heating). It has a "tea style" spout and a bakelite hand grip(knob) on the top of the lid. The lid has nine ridges (for strength) radiating from the central hand grip. The two handle prongs are bop riveted onto the the body of the kettle. The bakelite hand grip has been fashioned to fit the natural contours of a clutching hand.On both sides of the aluminium handle "HOT PLATE WARE" and covering an oblique shaped triangle "99% PURE ALUMINIUM" and below that "MADE IN AUSTRALIA".Within the triangle "DURALIFE"cwa, homeware aluminium kitchen utensils, made in australia cook ware

This mid 1900's ice "bucket" was used during the first major "American" (fashion invasion) of merchandise for the "new " social set. This was a form of release, coming after the tight money restrictions during the "Great Depression" and from World War II.This item is an example of the change of direction in regards to household cutlery and crockery which the Australian rural environment slowly progressed through. This progression was due to a closer alliance with the USA after World War II and and increase push in marketing by USA manufacturers of their Australian partners and the closer alliance between the two nations. The American service men and women on recreational leave during the "South Pacific war" front brought both nations closer together and the requirement of American industries to find new markets resulted in "cheaper" mass produced silverware onto the Australian scene, which at that time were mainly sourced from the UK and Europe. This silver plated "ice bucket" with lid and handle has "pot belly" shape. A smaller circumference top, bulging center and smaller bottom. The lower inside shape of the "bucket" allows for a "grate" to be placed 40mm from the bottom (this grate would separate the "solid" ice cubes from the melted ice water). There is a "U" shaped "swiveled" handle with "art deco" type leaves(grape) reinforcing the cross section. There are two bands of "grape leaf" motifs, one smaller one at the top rim and a larger one on the bottom at the point of furthest bulge.At the outside base is the manufacturers logo "K" and encircled in small print are "KNICKERBOCKER MFG CO. QUADRUPLE PLATE"silver plated ice "bucket", bottle cooler

This tea towel was manufactured in 1978 in Ireland and shipped to Australia. This was in a period when the C.W.A. was the major women's organisation which had the greatest influence amongst rural women (especially in isolated areas). This was a period when broad based communications were mainly by radio,women orientated magazines and the telephone. The relay of television to "remote" rural areas was not yet established. The CWA was therefore a very important organisation that catered exclusively to women's needs. The C.W.A. motto "Honour our God, Loyalty to the throne, Service to the country, Through country women, For country women, By country women." The atmosphere was one of "sisterhood" and covered nearly all the needs of rural based women. This one organisation incorporated knowledge and learning targeting women who physically may be isolated but not mentally. On the tea towel are portrayed all the activities that would be beneficial to rural women.This tea towel with its respective motifs is very significant to the Kiewa Valley as it related especially to women who felt the limitations of social interactions within a rural area. This tea towel represents a era where communications was relatively based on radio, magazines, books and limited telephone access. Within these restrictive interactive communication levels, the isolation of a "back o' Bourke" location applied tremendous mental fatigue on women more than on men.This CWA Victoria Golden Jubilee (1928-1978) tea towel is made from Irish flax at the Blackstaff Flax Spinning and Weaving factory. It is therefore of high quality and very durable. The major colours projecting from a light blue background are red, yellow, green, orange and black. The motives portrayed the activities of the CWA in 1978. These activities are embroidery, crocheting, dress making, knitting, cooking, art, macrame, drama, music, patchwork, toy making and community relief, pennies for friendship, emergency relief and welfare, residential club flats, the thanks giving and Papua New Guinea.The main or central theme of this tea towel is presented in the central area within three rings. "1928" on the left and "1978" on the right. On the top part "GOLDEN JUBILEE" and at the bottom "COUNTRY WOMEN'S ASSOCIATION OF VICTORIA" There are various shapes representing the activities listed above.cwa promotional material, cwa golden jubilee, women only organisations, country women's association

This pair of "adjustable" boots came from the 1950's era in which the majority of footwear was either locally manufactured or imported from England or Europe. Quality hard wearing leather was a rural necessity especially for the cattle mustering activity in the Kiewa Valley and the Bogong High Plains region. The late 1900's provided a cheaper made riding boot from Asia, however many rural based riders still prefer an Australian made boot. The better quality (stronger stitching) of Australian boots is the main considerations of "stock horse riders". In 1947 a scientific research project started to provide an impact analysis of any damage to alpine vegetation by cattle grazing in the Alpine regions incorporating the Bogong High Plains area. This monitoring is the longest running ecological study ever undertaken in Australia. From this study, compelling evidence was presented to the Victorian Government to cease cattle grazing in the Alpine regions including the Bogong High Plains. All grazing was banned by the Victorian Government in 2005. Recreational horse riding within the Bogong High Plains is still permitted.These pair of women's riding boots are very significant to the Kiewa Valley as the boots were worn by one of the descendants of a pioneer family living and operating a cattle station before the SEC Hydro Electricity Scheme opened up the semi remote rural location in the 1950's. These boots were worn during the annual six weeks (approx.) mustering of cattle in the Bogong High Plains location (Victorian Alps region). The owner of these boots was Clare Roper, part of the Roper Family who built a "lodging" hut on the "High Plains" for accommodating riders during the periods (up to six weeks) when controlling grazing cattle during the summer muster seasons. It was unusual for women in the early to mid 1900's to go up on the High Plains to join the muster, which Clare Roper often did. These boots have high historical significance and good interpretive capacity.These brown "knee high" lady riding boots, are fastened by long "boot" laces which go from the base of the "fastening" position to a boot height of 22 cm. At the top end of the boot is a leather flap which crosses the front section of the boot and is fastened to the outside leg region by two straps. These provide the wearer with an adjustable tie. The boot has a "tongue" of 22 mm long. The boot has six pairs of metal boot lace "hooks" and eight pairs of boot lace "eyelets".ladies riding boots. cattle mustering footwear. rural footwear. cattlemen. bogong high plains. roper family. horses.

A group of ten people pose for a formal photograph. It includes three women and four Aboriginal Australians, with two people holding boomerangs. There is little known about this orphan photograph in the EDHS collection other than it came to us via the Shire of Eltham. Ted Coutie is possibly identified in the centre back. Edwin (Ted) Coutie 1864-1927 of "Summer Hill", Panton Hill was an early pioneer.Black and white photograph print (reproduction) 4x5 large format black and white negativeShire of Eltham Centre back - Ted Coutie? ted coutie, aboriginal australians, boomerang, wurundjeri

Country Women's Association of Victoria was a popular, widely known organisation throughout Australia.Historical: Each town / area in the Kiewa Valley had an active CWA.Ceramic cream speckled plate with green insignia of the CWA in the centre. Insignia: Green circle, Victoria in gold at top in side circle beneath which is a green shield with CWA overlapping letters inside. The base is cream with an inside circle base allowing sides to slope upwards. Inside the base is inscribed in silver 'Smith' - this centre part is thinner than the rest of the plate.'Smith' on the base.country women's association, cwa, victoria, community, volunteers, charity

Tawonga CWA branch commenced on 7th Feb. 1946. Prior to this the ladies would have been involved in supporting the war effort with knitted and spun items as described in this book. The branch often combined activities with the other branches in the Kiewa Valley. The C.W.A. aimed to improve health, welfare and education for women and children in the country. Getting together for the war effort would have succeeded in this aim perhaps encouraging the women to continue meeting under the banner of C.W.A.The Tawonga ladies would have been involved in assisting the war effort from home. Most of the ladies lived on remote farms so they may have got together, learnt together and felt happier while contributing to the war effort and supporting the men fighting overseas. Wool was available and easily made into useful items that could be shipped overseas. After the war, the ladies may have wanted to continue meeting and hence decided to form a C.W.A. branch.Small brown book with black writing. 32 pages held by 2 rusty staples.The book gives patterns and instructions for making woolcraft (knitting & spinning) eg. socks & scarves, for the Airforce, Navy and Army with specific colours, thickness of wool and notes eg. no frills. Price 3d. posted 4d. Sponsored by the Australian Wool BoardCover: Warworkers Woolcraft / Compiled by the CWA / Knitting Spinning / Sponsored by the Australian Wool Boardww11. warworkers. tawonga. country women's association of victoria. woolcraft. australian wool board. c.w.a.

The Tawonga branch of the C.W.A. commenced on the 7th Feb. 1946 and often combined activities with the other branches in the Kiewa Valley. The C.W.A. aimed to improve health, welfare and education for women and children in the country. The members achieved these aims by being involved in handcrafts of all kinds.Women living in Tawonga were mostly on farms and, in 1946, when the branch commenced would have been feeling more remote with WW11 having an effect on available workers and the well being of the women and children.The book has a cover with Autumn colours of flowers in a vase with the title in block letters of pale yellow. It has 47 pages bound by 2 staples. The crafts involve the use of plants in creating decorations.tawonga. country woman's association of australia. crafts. plant crafts.c.w.a.

The Australian Health Society was formed in Melbourne in 1875 at the instigation of Unitarian Minister MarthaTurner. It promoted hygiene and comprised of doctors, prominent citizens and politicians. It targeted poorer districts and women. Schools were pressured to place health education on the curriculum. Society stalwarts made an annual examination in state schools. Mongan's Bridge No. 3403 opened in 1902. It was located beside the Kiewa river and operated part-time with nearby schools on occasions as well as full time. As numbers fluctuated it was also closed on occasions and then re-opened.Edward Maddison's family were farmers in the Kiewa Valley and the children attended the local school.Two certificates belonging to Edward Maddison 1. 1916 Pupil of State School No 3403 (Mongan's Bridge) - passed the Examination in Health and Temperance held by the Australian Health Society of Melbourne 2. 1916 Completed satisfactorily the Course of Study prescribed for Elementary Schools.- Mongan's Bridge Elementary School No. 3403edward maddison, australian health society, mongan's bridge school

The KVHS rotates its displays in the Mt Beauty Museum. These topics are researched and give a deeper insight into the chosen topic.A frosted white plastic tub holding blue plastic folders each with information and photos of each of the temporary displays that the KVHS has displayed in the Mt Beauty Museum. These include: 1. And Then There was Light 2. A Woman's Work is Never Done 3. Bogong Village - Camps 4. Cross Country Skiing 5. Electricity: Watts the Story 6. Here Comes the Bride 7. High Country Cattlemen 8. Indigenous People 9. Mt Beauty - Early; 10. Mt Beauty Sports 11. Not All Tea and Scones - C.W.A.12. Old School Days 13. Tawonga District General Hospital 14. The Buffalo Lodge 15. The Dairy Farm 16. Tobacco in the Kiewa Valley 17. What Makes our Community Great? Clubslight, women's work, bogong village, cross country skiing, electricity, weddings, cattlemen on the high plains, indigenous australians, mt beauty, c.w.a., schools, tawonga hospital, buffalo lodge, dairy farming, tobacco in the kiewa valley, community clubs

WWIWWI involved men and women from the Kiewa ValleyLarge plastic opaque box with folders, display items and documents. 1. Norman Hore collection 2.Fund Raisers - medal and poppy 3. Postcard 4. Banner 5. Folders including Final List; 37th Battalion; B. H. Roper & S. Hollonds 6. Display Poster re recruitment 7. Letters from the Front by E. & A. Briggs 8. Folders; Those who Served from the towns in the Kiewa Valley 9. I & J. Marum - Australian Army Nursing Service 10. The 37th Battalion; 11. War Records of 7 local soldiers and 12. Poppy Applique kiewa valley in wwi

C.W.A.See KVHS 0891 Clare Roper KVHS 0891 Stockman's Hall of Fame represents the Pioneers of Australian Outback and commenced in 1974J. Roper and Miss M. Egan were members of the CWA state council in 1965-1966 See KVHS 0891 The C.W.A. still exists in Mt Beauty / Tawonga in the Kiewa Valley (2024). They volunteer as caterers and assist during times of natural disasters.The booklets consist of 1. CWA State Council and other papers 2. Booklets for 'Acting' (Drama) and Plays 3. Booklets of Songs (with music) and Song Parts 4. The CWA Journal 1949 (x2), 1950, 1958 5. 14 newspapers of 'Stockman's Hall of Fame' Sept. 1992 to Dec. 1996clare roper, country women's association, stockman's hall of fame

CWA of Victoria was a popular widely known organisation throughout Australia. The CWA aimed to improve health welfare, and education for women and children living in the country.Each town / area in the Kiewa Valley had an active CWA. The Tawonga branch commenced in Feb. 1946 and often combined activities with other branches of the Kiewa Valley.Country Women's Association of Victoria Group Map, June 1961. each area is colored ad each wit a letter of the alphabet. each group has a number and is listed. eg. blue, 'N' and "Tawonga 14' country women's association, map of cwa groups, tawonga cwa

Typical early 1920's to late 1950's suitcases made in Australia using Australian and British manufactured clasps and locks. The majority of manufactured goods especially locks and other metal components were sourced from England. English manufacturers, who in that period, where still world leaders of most manufactured items.This period 1920- 1950 shows the historical shift of the balance between the more complex metal imported items, mainly manufactured in Britain and that of the relevant infant stage of the developing manufacturing industries in the Australian market. The rarity of this type of suitcase is of significancy This suitcase belonged and was used by the C.W.A. of Tawonga.Suitcase brown, possibly lacquered cardboard with leather chrome studded reinforced corners. Lid has two silver coloured(chrome) clasps each end with chrome lock in centre. "D" rings for missing handle secured to main frame by leather straps, these having metal chrome studs. Substitute handle made from string. Metal protective trim on lid and top edge of suitcase compartmentLock stamped "Made in England" and two end clasps stamped "Made in Australia"case, luggage, travel suitcase, country women's association

Historical information of soldiers from the Albury-Wodonga district who fought in the Boer War in South Africa 1899 - 1902. In 1996 the then curator for the 8/13 VMR Museum, the Hon Colonel John Neale, commissioned the author to research a group of returned servicemen and women from the Boer War and had lived within 100 km radius of the Albury/Wodonga townships.The Boer War was the second war in South Africa and was the result of heavy taxes and non voting rights of the local white Boer population. Colonial forces including the Australian Light Horse contingent where called upon by England to overthrow the rebellion. This War was the first engagement of Australian troops fighting on foreign soil.This Honour Roll details the pay rates, the battle highlights, weapons used and maps covering the first Australian contingent of soldiers who fought in the Transvaal (Boer War).. Listed are the names of those soldiers who lived within 100klms of Albury and Wodonga.The soldiers are listed by Location, Rank, Initial,Name and Unit. The significance of both the War and those who served in it is two fold. Firstly it demonstrates that the tie between the Colonial outreaches of England's Empire to "the Motherland" were extremely strong at this point in time. This union remained strong up until the middle of World War II when England could not help Australia to defend itself against possible invasion by Japan. The alliance between Australia and the United States of America replaced the British/Australian pact. Secondly the attitude of, and the high degree of horsemanship of those from the Albury and Wodonga area. The degree of adaptability, by these servicemen, to suit the environment in which they fought provided the first real insight into the Australian psyche "of those living and surviving on the harsh Australian outback"This book has a bright red soft cover and is bound with bright yellow tape. There is a drawing of two Australian soldiers on the front, one on horsebackAuthor's complimentary inscription "To Mount Beauty Museum with compliments" signed Ian R Docking history, boer war, ex-servicemen and women, albury and wodonga

This photograph shows the "lay back" atmosphere enjoyed in a small country town in the 1940s to the 1950s. Two women and a young boy basking in the warmth of the sun. The unsealed drive way and cars parked close to the entrance was typical of small towns during this period. Open doors and shady trees provided sufficient cooling for most sunny days. The wooden barrel next to the outside wall shows that storage space within the hotel was limited and that metal aluminium barrels had not been in existence. This photograph was taken at a time when children and women had limited access to the major drinking and entertainment facilities within a hotel(pub). Legal drinking age was for patrons 21 years and older and no strict dress codes where applied. The hotel bar was not open on Sundays (God fearing) and opening time restrictions were in place. "In transit" clients were given some leniency when staying in small country hotels as strict liquor laws This photograph presents a window to a life in the 1940s to 1950s, of a small town in the Kiewa Valley. It covers a period when the local hotel or "pub" was the meeting point for local men and women to talk about local events and life in general. It was also a point where "locals' had the first opportunity to meet new arrivals and converse with tourists and "through traffic". The importance of "face to face" verbal communication was a critical part of community life and interaction. The hotel(pub) was in this period the hub of small communities, and together with local churches provided the essential structure for a balanced existence in rural Australia.Black and white photo of Tawonga Hotel. This photo is in itself a photo of a photo and as such lacks fine detail. This reproduction is on "Kodak XtraLife II paper ""outback" hotels, pubs, rural short stay accommodation, tawonga hotel

This book is a "snapshot" in time (1950s) detailing life in Australia covering a time when a "man's word and handshake" were his moral and quasi legal bond, and the now relative defunct saying "smoko" (having a "time out" from work for a cigarette and tea or coffee). The book spans an era where the male was still the "head" of the family even though for a majority of families the women took on the many "male only" roles during the World War II period. This shift in the leadership of the family hierarchy is mentioned, so ever slightly, (not to offend the still predominant macho male image) in both rural and city environments. The effects of the war, and later the push for women's emancipation and equality in both family, social, workplace and political areas of life, since this book was published, is now finally resolved. However there are still some sections of the recent migrate population where this male dominance is causing a few problems.The significance of this book is not only because it was donated by Mrs C. Roper ( from the Roper Family, a pioneer Kiewa Valley and surrounding Region family - originally beef cattle graziers) but also a Kiewa Valley resident and family, experiencing the shift in the social and economical life of post World War II rural Australia. The strong heritage link to this region of many families still residing within its boundaries, is a clear affirmation of the bond that the Kiewa Valley and its Regions have upon family unity. This unity within the rural environment is something that is attracting more and more families from sometimes alienating city life.This printed coloured sketched, or painted paper sleeve of the book is freely wrapped over a dark red hard cover. Into the front of the cover is pressed a standing pose of a farmer with long sleeves rolled up over his elbows. Behind him and to the right are what appears to be three sacks of wheat and next to him is a merino sheep. To the left and down are two dogs one with a fox in its jaws. The book contains 240 pages, 300 illustrations in gravure and 25 pictures in full colour. The inside fly leaf is a colour photograph of a rural scene with dirt road running in the centre and to the left a farm house and a five bay open storage barnOn the tittle page is a signature "C Roper"country life, australian "outback", rural industries, life on the land, swag-man of the bush