A small number of heavy cast iron weights and two rods remain at the Point Hicks Lightstation. These weights comprise one rod with a forked top and four circular weights attached to the bottom of the shaft. The weights and rods were part of the original clockwork mechanism that was fitted beneath the lens to keep the kerosene‐fuelled light turning. They were attached to a cable or chains and moved vertically in similar fashion to the way weights move on grandfather clocks. As the weight fell, the optic clock was driven and the lens was turned. To keep the clock turning, the weight needed to be wound back up to the top of its travel. The cables and weights in this lighthouse were visible as they moved through the length of the tower up to the lantern room. It was usual for systems to move inside a tube extending up to the top, but in this case the tower’s cast iron spiral staircase, which is supported on cantilever cast iron brackets set into the concrete wall, spiralled around the space in which they moved. Lighthouse keepers had the arduous job of having to constantly wind the clock to keep the light active, and at least two keepers needed to observe a strict roster of hours. When electric motors were invented, all of this became redundant and the motors were able to turn the optic for as long as there was power to drive them. In December 1964, the original 1890 Chance Bros kerosene‐fuelled light and clockwork mechanism were replaced by small electric motor, and the number of keepers reduced to two. The six circular weights and rods originate from the obsolete system and may have been part of a larger set. Wilsons Promontory retains seven of its original set of ten weights, all of which are detached from the tower’s weight tube. Cape Schanck has a set of fourteen weights remaining in situ as well as another four detached weights, which have inscriptions. One weight is displayed in the lantern room at Cape Otway. The image shows four of the clockwork weights attached to a rod with a forked top. They were part of the original clockwork mechanism that was fitted beneath the lens to keep the kerosene‐fuelled light turning. The Aldis lamp in its case sits on the floor next to the weights. Source: Parks Victoria.The Point Hicks weights have first level contributory significance for the insights they provide into the superseded technology and operations of a late nineteenth century lighthouse. They are well provenanced and are significant for their historic value as part of the lightstation’s Chance Brothers optical system installed in 1890. Four circular metal weights are stored on a metal rod with a forked section at the top. The weights have a cut out section which allows the weights to be removed easily.

This is a standard British Army Pigeon Service Message Book which was issued to Australian Army units during World War One. This Pigeon Service Message Book has no known local provenance but it is a very interesting memento of World War One.This is a British Army Pigeon Service Message Book which consists of a number of sheets of paper stapled into a cardboard cover protected with black leatherette. The writing on the front cover is stencilled in white. The ends of the cover are held together by a black elastic strap. The strap has now lost its elasticity. Inside the front cover is a printed sheet indicating the use of the book and the care of the pigeons. There are two leatherette tubes attached to the back cover which would have held writing implements. The book material consists of a top sheet printed with space for the message details, and sheets of carbon paper for two copies of the message. There is a piece of cardboard backing the carbon paper. None of the message pages has been used. The staples have rusted and the sides of the paper material are stained. The cover is a little crumpled and dirty. ‘Army Book 418’ ‘Pigeon Service Message Book’ world war one, british army pigeon service message book

Silver plated (?) medical syringe used for injection purposes. This syringe is re-usable consisting of two main components; a cylindrical body with an attachment for fitting a needle at one end and a plunger which fits inside the body, the plunger is attached by screw thread to the other end of the syringe body. One face of the plunger is graduated in units with major markings indicating 5, 10, 15 and 20 units (perhaps ml?). The plunger has a screw thread along its length with a threaded stopper which can be pre-set to determine the volume of an injection. This syringe is contained in a purpose built silver plated (?) container with a hinging lid. A small cradle fits within the container to hold the syringe parts, two small cylindrical tubes (use unknown) are retained within the inside of the lid of the container by a swivelling clip.The container has the mark "BRITISH MADE" stamped into the side face nearest the retaining clip used to hold the lid closed, the mark "LONDON MADE" is stamped on the end of the plungerww11, world war 2, syringe, medical syringe, re usable syringe, world war 11

This Marching Bass Drum is mid-size at 68 cm; these drums can range from 35 to 81 cm (14 to 32 inches). A Marching Bass Drum is slightly smaller than a Concert Base Drum and larger than a Kit or Drum Set Bass Drum. The drum is supported by a shoulder harness with a pin that connects to the eyelet incorporated on the shell of the drum, which keeps the drumheads vertical. The drum is played with one or two felt-covered drum mallets. The six tension rods connected between the drumheads can be screwed tighter or looser to change the tension of the calfskins on the drumheads, which changes their tune. This Marching base drum was made in the early 1920s by the firm Ludwig & Ludwig of Chicago, Illinois, USA. LUDWIG & LUDWIG: - William F. Ludwig was a professional drummer. He and his brother Theobold established the Ludwig & Ludwig drum factory in Chicago in 1909. They became famous for their invention of a bass drum pedal that could play faster beats on the bass drum. Theobald passed away in 1918. By 1923 Ludwig was the biggest drum manufacturer in the world. William continued on when his business was bought by C.O. Conn, but in 1937 he left to begin his own company; the WFL Drum Company. William and his son Bill purchased the Ludwig & Ludwig name back from Conn, and the name William F. Ludwig II continued on. The brand was sold to the Selmer Company and moved to Monroe, North Carolina in 1998, at the time of the 75th anniversary of the Ludwig name. Ludwig drums are still being manufactured over 100 years later. Many famous musicians and bands played the Ludwig bass drum, including Ringo Star who was the drummer in the 1960’s group The Beatles.This marching bass drum is significant for its connection to Ludwig & Ludwig, a famous and popular drum manufacturer established in 1909. The firm was once the largest drum manufacturer in the world. It is known for supplying drummers of fame, such as Ringo Star of The Beatles. This is the only drum in our collection. It is also rare, having only six tension rods, where most have from eight to twelve.Marching Bass Drum; the polished shell around the body is one continuous sheet of timber that has been steamed, shaped into a cylinder and joined together. The drumheads on the sides of the shell are strong timber strips joined into hoops that hold stretched, hand-painted white calfskin. Six Long Tube threaded nickel-plated brass tension rods are evenly spaced around the drumheads between the drumheads. A brass eyelet is fitted into the shell halfway between each drumhead, providing a connection point for the drummer’s shoulder harness. The eyelet has an indecipherable inscription. An oval brass plaque with a central formed hole has a stamped inscription. The imperial size is 27 x 13 inches. The drum was made by Ludwig and Ludwig, Chicago, Illinois, in early 1920's. On brass plaque; “LUDWIG / TRADE MARK / LUDWIG & LUDWIG / CHICAGO”flagstaff hill, warrnambool, maritime village, maritime museum, flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, shipwreck coast, great ocean road, shipwreck artefact, marching drum, bass drum, marching bass drum, pitched drum, band drum, drum mallet, marching band, military band, percussion instrument, calfskin, shoulder harness, ludwig & ludwig, wfl drum company, william f. ludwig, chicago, north carolina, the beatles, tension taps, tension rods, drum pedal, long tube tension rods

The donor inherited this Wardana machine from her mother, who bought it in about 1933 and used it to sew garments for her sister's dressmaking business in Frankston, Victoria. The donor often used this machine until she purchased an updated model. There were originally three Ward Brothers who owned the North Melbourne sewing machine business but they had a falling out. This machine's decals on the map of Australia only include the two remaining brothers. The Ward Brothers, G & S Ward, established their sewing machine business in North Melbourne in 1888. The cabinets and ironwork of the machines were made in Australia and the Ward Bros. imported their machines from overseas manufacturers in England, America and Germany. The assembled machines were sold under brand names that included Ward, A.N.A. the patriotic-sounding Australian Sewing Machine Company. The "Wardana" was one of their brands.This sewing machine was fabricated in Australia from imported parts from England, giving a snapshot into the early manufacturing industries that were operating at the time just after Federation.Sewing machine in a wooden cabinet with iron foot-operated cast iron treadle mechanism. The hinged cabinet top opens out to form a worktop. The sewing machine lifts out of the cabinet to sit level with the worktop, resting on two supports within the cabinet. The lockable cabinet door opens from right to left revealing fitted shelves and spikes for spools and bobbins. The gold-painted maker's name is cast into the black treadle. The machine has its original instruction book, oil can, and eighteen accessories in an enclosed cardboard box. The round shallow oil bottle has a rubber dispensing tube. Colourful decals decorate the black body of the machine. Inscriptions include a Serial Number stamped on the bed of the machine. The Wardarna Central Bobbin machine was made in England for the Ward Brothers of North Melbourne.TREADLE: cast into metal ACROSS THE TOPE AND ON THE FOOTPLATE "WARD", "WARD" SERIAL NUMBER stamped into oval plate "28383" DECAL: (Map of Australia ) with images of [two brothers] , "WARDANA" above (logo of the rising sun) DECAL: (Decorative floral design with heraldic-like emblems) above "MADE IN ENGLAND" ARM: "WARDANA" PEDESTAL: "C.B." (representing Central Bobbin) "MADE IN ENGLAND" "MADE IN ENGLAND / FOR / WARD BROS / NORTH MELBOURNE" BOOK TITLE: "Instructions for Treadle Machine" ACCESSORIES: some have indecipherable embossed stamps OIL BOTTLE base: (image of log and short lines radiating from a central inscription (indecipherable)sewing machine, domestic, wardana, ward bros., central bobbin, made in england, north melbourne, c.b., flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, treadle sewing machine, home industry, clothing, dressmaking, clothing manufacturer

Men's black wool waistcoat, fastened with four fabric buttons (1.5cm diameter). Decorative lapels edged with Ric-Rac.Back section of black cotton. Fully lined with cream cotton fabric. Two front pockets lined with black cotton fabric (12 cm X 8 cm). Pockets with 2 cm band at opening edged with black Ric-Rac. Half belt across back of waistcoat (5 cm at sides tapering to 2.5.cm at centre), fastened at centre back with black metal buckle with two prongs. Found inside pocket - small pink pencil (5 cm) with silver coloured metal cap with 2 cm string attached, black metal hollow tube 3.5 cm X 2 cm.costume, male, mens black waistcoat

Professor Arthur Barrington (Barry) Baker was the first Australian anaesthetist to gain a DPhil in anaesthesia. He completed his DPhil at Oxford University at the Nuffield Department of Anesthesia in 1971, titled, Physiological Responses to Artificial Ventilation. The Waveform Ventilator is the machine developed to illustrate his DPhil. The waveform ventilator was used in several scientific studies on 'the effects of varying inspiratory flow waveforms and time in intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV)', published in the 'British Journal of Anaesthesia'. Professor Arthur Barrington Baker had an extensive career in research and clinical practice including holding the position as the Nuffield Professor of Anaesthetics at Sydney university (1992 - 2005) and also as the Dean of the Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists (ANZCA) (1987-1990).The variable waveform ventilator is of national significance, due to its association with Professor Arthur Barrington Baker (Prof. Baker) the first Australian academic anaesthetist, and the representation of historical social themes and research and design, in anaesthesia. Historic significance – It is a rare type of ventilator in good condition and well provenanced. It is a tangible record of the beginning of the long established and distinguished career of Prof. Baker, the first anaesthetist in Australia to gain a DPhil. Prof Baker has a strong involvement in the Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists (ANZCA) organisation. The object is a product of Prof Baker’s Doctorate of Philosophy (DPhil) on respiratory physiology and is associated with the prestigious Oxford University and the well-known Nuffield Department of Anaesthetics. It also represents the social theme of migration to England from Australia in the 1960s and 1970s to access and experience academic and artistic opportunities limited in Australia at the time. Scientific Value – The object is of scientific value as it offers major potential for education and interpretation in anaesthesia. Although ventilators are common equipment, this specific design and construct prototype is one of a kind, designed and used specifically for research purposes. A rectangular shaped object on a trolley with four wheels. The top half of the object consists of two panels, one of cream coloured painted wood, the other black plastic, both containing several dials of different shapes and sizes. The wood surface also contains several gauges and a safety pressure clear plastic box. The plastic surface also contains a pin board. The bottom half of the object consists of two shelves. The whole object's perimeter is lined with perforated metals. The top wooden surface has several metal pieces of equipment and a long tube. The rear of the object contains numerous types of tubing and wire, a gas cylinder and two leather straps with buckles. The bottom half of one side of the objects has 3 electrical power outlets.Waveform Generator, Drs Colliss N Cowie, Dr Baker Dr Murray Willson, Dr Babbington, Safety Pressure, Error POS F/B, Position, Feedback, Set Balance, Reset, Full Stroke, Velocity, Converter Current, line Pressure, Low Pressure, Bias Pressure, Start, Stop, Stop, Reset Press, Max Press, W/G Output, A/CRO B/2.baker, arthur barrington, baker, barry, professor, academic anaesthetist, oxford university, nuffield department of anaesthesia

A wartime letter written by Arthur Evans that was later mounted on card for display purposes. It was donated to Legacy in 1998. The letter was written on the fabric of an aircraft wing. The letter was written by Arthur Stanley Evans while convalescing in Briston in 1917. He had been injured at Bullecourt, France with the 18th-16th AIF. The letter says 'Dear Minnie, Just a line to say your nice long letter arrived yesterday and I am now waiting the money etc. Have run out of paper so am scrawling this on a piece of wing belonging to one of Fritz's tubes that I saw one of our chaps having a scrap with in the air over our lines one day. "Fritz LOST". Glad Betty liked her little gift. Will write you later. I am improving every day and expect to have leave shortly. Love to all, Arthur." Not to let war time shortages of paper get in Arthur Evans way, he improvised and his letter to Minnie, it arrived intact. The fabric would be quite durable and light. A great memento to show family and friends.Despite war time shortages a little ingenuity can overcome many difficulties.Backing, ply board. Letter and short story typed on white cardboard, cardboard fixed to ply backing. Original letter fixed to white cardboard. Lower left hand corner folded over showing the reverse side of the fabric. Original letter rectangular in shape. All of the above is surrounded by a brownish border.The letter, the story and how the letter came to Legacy is printed in brown ink. The original letter is hand written on a piece of wing fabric from a German aircraft shot down over Allied lines.souvenir, world war one

Standard Telephones and Cables Pty Ltd was a telecommunications company that began as part of Western Electric, a telephone manufacturing company set up by Alexander Graham Bell. Following the First World War, Western Electric diversified to include electric generators and wireless receivers, all still imported. In 1925, Western Electric was sold to the International Telephone and Telegraph Company. In Australia, it became known as Standard Telephones and Cables (Australasia) They worked closely the Postmaster Generals department to set up telephone and radio networks throughout Australia. Its first factory was in Chippendale, New South Wales but ut developed to have branches in all stated of Australia. By the end of the Second World War STC was Australia's biggest manufacturer due to its critical role in producing telecommunications equipment, domestic radio receivers, telecom cables, military equipment and electron tubes. The company returned to peacetime manufacture. Rather than reduce staff it used its excess capacity to produce electric irons and other domestic appliances including vacuum cleaners and floor polishers. This model was produced at the beginning of the 1950s. It was once owned by Mr. Stiff from Stiff and Gannon, Wodonga.This item has local and national significance. It was used in a local Wodonga business and is representative of domestic appliances used in the 1950s. It also has national significance as it is an excellent example of good produced by the manufacturing industry in Australia during that period.Model 30 Airzone Vacuum Cleaner and accessories. Manufactured in AustraliaMetal logo for Airzone including engine specificationsdomestic appliances, standard telephones and cables pty ltd

The Institution of Electrical Engineers (IEE) was established on 17 May 1871. The first meeting took place at 2 Westminster Chambers, Victoria Street SW. Those present were Wildman Whitehouse, Capt P.H. Colomb, Maj. R.E. Stotherd, Louis Loeffler, Capt Weber, Capt Malcolm, Robert Sabine, Frank Bolton. Gold paper covered magazine with black print. 239 pages including numerous advertisements. Articles of this centenary edition include: A Human Entity (Lord Nelson of Stafford), Yesterday's Men - providing for tomorrow ((A.G. Woodruff), A century of Development in the Supply Industry (Stanley Brown), British Broadcasting and the IEE (J. Redmond), Telecommunications - the grassroots of the IEE (R.J. Halsey), Engineers, physicists and mathematicians (J.A. Ratcliffe), The IEE Wiring regulations (E.E. Hutchings). The IEE and education (John Brown), Electrical Engineering today and tomorrow. Images include Oliver Lodge, James Maxwell, Crookes shadow tube, Deptford Power Station, John Hopkinson, Marconi, William Thomson, Oliver Heaviside, experimental 3-phase, Belling Modernette, Savoy Hill, power lines, Brighton Power Station, BBC Television Centre London, mobile telegraph office.generators, institution of electrical engineers, iee, wildman whitehouse, ph colomb, re stotherd, louis loeffler, robert sabine, frank bolton, multimeter, power units, oscilloscope, bell and howell

The Hydro mixer was attached to the kitchen tap which drove the mixing paddles.Mostly made of cast iron covered with green enamel. Its base is a 20 centimetre diameter and two centimetres high and shaped to hold a bowl, there is a protrusion eight centimetres long, four centimetres wide and nine centimetres high. A hinged section is attached to the protrusion of the base, it's a curved oval shape that's four centimetres by three centimetres at its base and tappers to four centimetres by two centimetres at the top, it then widens to an eleven centimetre diameter and three centimetres high shape that is parallel to the base, the centre of it is above the centre of the base. There is a removable eleven centimetre diameter plate screwed to the top. A two centimetre diameter 60 centimetre long plastic hose with a brass fitting on the end that is flared to four centimetres is attached to the side of the circular top. A one centimetre diameter metal tube is attached underneath that has two beaters on the end of it.HYDRO MIXER PAT APP FORfood preparation, hydro mixer

Ivan Magill (1888-1986) designer, this piece was designed in 1926 along with other anaesthetic equipment.Chrome plated straight complete Magill laryngoscope in medium size format, with attached light bulb. Cylindrical handle for battery deposit and with a wavy hand grip for easy handling. Serrated and screwed lids on top and base of the handle grip for insertion of batteries and checking of electrical contact stud. The handle also has a metallic switch without any instruction of use. The arm of the handle has a detachable screw to adjust extendable blade position and firmness. The light bulb is attached to a metallic tube connector to the handle arm which is just pressed to the contact point base. The blade has a oxidation spot under the blade. The piece in full has several scratches marks mostly founded in handle, arm and top blade areas. Two stamped inscriptions are present on the arm area, the manufacturer name and register number.Stamped on the arm of the handle lateral side, A.CHARLES KING Stamped on the arm of the handle opposite lateral side, REG. NO. 74901[9]magill, a. charles king ltd, regi. no. 749019, switch, laryngoscope

a) Nagaoka Record Anti-Static & Disc Guard Kit The Nagaoka STAT-10 is a record protecting agent that serves both to protect your records from static and to significantly reduce record and stylus wear. By using this product you will improve the sound that you hear from your records, but will also protect your records. The unique charge reducing formula significantly reduces the amount of static electricity present on the surface of the vinyl recording. It also reduces the irritating noise produced by the scratches present on the surface of the vinyl recording. This record protecting agent also contains a special lubricant / protecting fluid agent.This lubricant / protecting fluid reduces record wear so that your recordings are as good as new. b) 'PAROSTATIK' Disc preener -: Use while rotating record slowly on Turntable. Press gently during one or two revolutions. Dust collected on plush surface should be removed before re-use. Device has "built-in" anti-static requiring occasional moisture replacement. Remove cap from centre tube withdraw and moisten wick (when dry) with clean water and replace Always return "Parostatik" to case when not in use. Vinyl records became very popular mid 20thC and cleaners were used to preserve the audio quality of the record surface.A box containing Vinyl record cleaning equipment manufactured by a) Nagaoka Pty Ltd Japan and b) 'Parostatik' C.E Watts Pty Ltd England a ) Box : NAGAOKA / A / trademark / NAGAOKA / AUTOMATIC RECORD CLEANER / ORIGINAL BEST PRODUCTS / NAGAOKA & CO LTD. MADE IN JAPAN / AUTOMATIC / RECORD CLEANER / AUTO 1 / NAGAOKA ORIGINAL BEST PRODUCTS b) Packet ; THE / "PAROSTATIK" PATENT .... REGD./ IMPROVED / DISC PREENER / FOR PERFECT RECORD MAINTENANCE Cylinder; Watts / "PAROSTATIK" / DISC PREENER / For perfect record maintenancerecord players, music, vinyl records, moorabbin, bentleigh, cheltenham, japan, nagaoka pty ltd ,, watts c. e. pty ltd, parostatik disc preener, england

The name 'Sea Pen', which name comes from its resemblance to bird feathers, originates from its more formal title of 'Pennatula'. There are various species, one of which (Phosphorea)is not uncommon at depths of 50 metres or more. It consists of a stalk by which the Sea Pen is probably fixed upright in the mud or sand, and of a fan like upper part. When alive it is brightly phosphorescent. The stalk is really a tube and can be inflated. The strands or polyps of the upper part of the creature are fused together in sets of a dozen or so, to form leaves up each side, somewhat like the barbs of a feather. The whole axis is supported by a firmly calcified internal stem. The preserved item in our collection has been bleached naturally in the preserving fluid over time. However the Sea Pen in this photograph is alive and displays as golden. It is positioned vertically with its stalk at the bottom and its fronds or feathers beautifully displayed along the upper part. The preserved item in our collection has been bleached naturally in the preserving fluid over time. However the Sea Pen in this photograph is alive and displays as golden. It is positioned vertically with its stalk at the bottom and its fronds or feathers beautifully displayed along the upper part.The use of such preserved specimens is widespread in teaching students of all ages, and museums of the composition of certain animals, insects, birds and sea creatures. Any information about an animal — be it photographs, blood, feathers or fur samples — is better than no information at all. But specimens are vital to ground-truth.Closed jar with an all white sea creature preserved in clear fluid. The head is uppermost, and the sea pen is positioned vertically in the jar.Golden Sea Penflagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, sea pen

Plaque at Locarno Springs, Hepburn Mineral SpringsHEPBURN SPRINGS Where reverent gum trees gray-leaved aroming stems Enshrine the greem 'tween walls of slanting slate, Run waters, sihones from some buried grate, In drops more precious than deep mined gems. The elements are liquid in that stream and bursting bubbles charge the atmosphere The breath of nature moves the grasses here, and all is tranquil as a midday dream. The alchemist did set a mighty task, to list an learn the components of life, To change and find some radiant power new from atoms boiled in baking tube ad flask, and now we fear colossal human strife with things the caldrons of the Earth Eschew W.H.S. 1962hepburn springs, whs, mineral springs reserve, locarno spring

Otto Schott, a chemist and glass engineer, had the vision of uniform production ie making glass items that would resemble one another. At the end of the eighteenth century, with most glass items still created by hand, the quality of output was still a guessing game. Schott was the first to render this an industrial certainty. 1884 Otto Schott, Ernst Abbe and Carl and Roderich Zeiss found the Schott & Associates Glass Technology Laboratory in Jena, Germany. Glastechnisches Laboratorium Schott & Gen was born. Production started in 1886. Original products included optical and thermometer glasses. The following year, a crucial discovery was made: borosilicate, a heat and chemically resistant glass. By it’s 25th year anniversary, the company had grown from an experimental glass factory into an internationally renowned manufacturer of optical and industrial glasses. Soon to be added was fiolax, tube-shaped glass used for vials, ampoules and syringes thus allowing the company to play a significant role in supplying Europe's nascent pharmaceutical industry. Post WW2 USA Army opens new factory in Mainz, West Germany and factory in Jena , East Germany taken over by the DDR State both using same trade name. Legal action for 30 years resolved in 1980 - split name. Berlin Wall 1989, Factories reunited 1991A pharmaceutical clear glass beaker with graduation 100ml -300ml DURAN 50Front : DURAN 50 / SCHOTT & GEN / MAINZ / JENA (ER) GLAS 300 Back : PYREX 300pharmacy, medications, medicines, glass manufacturing, glass works, early settlers, moorabbin, bentleigh, cheltenham, jenaer glaswerk schott & gen company, west germany, east germany, berlin wall, ww2 1939-45, schott otto, zeiss roderich

A flare, also sometimes called a fusee, is a type of pyrotechnic that produces a bright light or intense heat without an explosion. Flares are used for distress signalling, illumination, communication or defensive countermeasures in civilian and military applications. Flares may be ground pyrotechnics, projectile pyrotechnics, or parachute-suspended to provide maximum illumination time over a large area. Projectile pyrotechnics may be dropped from aircraft, fired from rocket or artillery, or deployed by flare guns or hand held percussive tubes. Signalling flares have been in use by all branches of the military services since the 1920s also by the maritime services to signal other ships or for distress purposes. The earliest recorded use of gunpowder for signalling purposes was the 'signal bomb' used by the Chinese Song Dynasty as the Mongol-led Yuan Dynasty besieged Yangzhou in 1276. These soft-shelled bombs, timed to explode in mid-air, were used to send messages to a detachment of troops far in the distance. Another mention of the signal bomb appears in a text dating from 1293 requesting their collection from those still stored in Zhejiang. A signal gun appears in Korea by 1600. The (Wu I Thu Phu Thung Chih or Illustrated Military Encyclopedia) written in 1791 depicts a signal gun in an illustration. The item was used to carry and store flares for signalling use as the inscription on the canvas cover suggests. Given the method of storing flares is in a wicker basket that is non conducting of an electrical charge that may accidentally set of explosive materials. The writer assumes the basket was used from the early 20th century and most likely by maritime or military services to store it's flares.Basket cane square with metal locks & rope handles each end. Canvas reinforced on vertical sides with a canvas cover on top. Canvas cover has leather straps. Stencilled on canvas in white paint "SIGNALLING STORES" flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, basket, cane basket, signalling stores

Robin Boyd most likely saw Solstar at Asher Bilu's exhibition at South Yarra Gallery in September 1968. In November 1968, Robin Boyd arranged for the loan of this painting from South Yarra Gallery to Australian Pavilion at Expo '70 in Osaka, where Boyd was appointed Exhibit Architect. It hung in the bedroom over a bed, containing a life-size cut-out figure by Bruce Petty, in the Model House Interior exhibit on modern living in the Space Tube. On its return from Expo, the painting was in transit at the Boyd's home in Walsh Street and they liked it so much that they decided to buy it. Solstar originally hung on the wall at the end of the galley kitchen. The artwork at the Boyd's home in Walsh St has been moved several times over the years. Solstar now hangs above the dining table, but at the time of Solstar's acquisition, the Boyds hung the painting "Winter Triumphant" (1920) by Penleigh Boyd, Robin Boyd’s father, above the dining table. In early 2021, Asher and Luba Bilu visited Walsh St to view Solstar again. Asher was extremely happy with how the painting looked and its condition 53 years after painting it. He requested it be hung a little higher and he returned in April to make some minor restorations to remove scratches. Silver mixed media with large black circular area in the central lower half. On reverse has the title: Solstar/A. Bilu/Arrow showing which way up. Unsigned on the front.asher bilu, penleigh boyd, expo 70, osaka, robin boyd, south yarra gallery, walsh st artwork, ohm2022, ohm2022_13

X-Rays were first discovered on 8 November 1895. By 18 July 1896 staff members of the Ballarat School of Mines (SMB), were experimenting with the exciting new discovery. The history of x-rays began on 8 November 1895 at the University of Wurzburg in Bavaria. The discovery was officially announced on 25 December 1895. The first radiographs in Ballarat were taken at the School of Mines in July 1896 according to the Ballarat School of Mines (SMB) Annual Report. Frederick J. Martell, the Registrar of SMB arranged for the importation of tubes, while John M. Sutherland, an electrician, conducted most of the experiments giving 6 inch, 12 inch and 16 inch sparks respectively. In a short time brilliantly successful results were obtained, with some SMB Roentgen negatives taken at this time still in existence today. Samuel Ernest Figgis, H. R. W. Murphy, D. McDougall, and Frederick J. Martell carried out experiments at the SMB on Saturday evening 18 July 1896, producing 'perfect' negatives of a hand and wrist. A Roentgen Tube and an induction coil giving a two inch spark, the coil being sparked by the SMB's dynamo, were used to obtain these results. The Courier reported that 'the exposure of five minutes was ample' but concluded that 'the length of the exposure will be shortened as experiments proceed.' The Ballarat Courier reported on 20 July 1896 that: "Thanks to the energy of the staff of The School of Mines, Ballarat, and particularly to Messers F.J. Martell and D. McDougall, the assistance of Rontgen X-rays will soon be available, for the relief of suffering humanity, at this institution." Martell was an ardent amateur photographer, and Duncan McDougall's experience as an electrician has enabled the two gentlemen to carry their experiments on to a perfectly successful issue. At first these gentlemen, together with Professor Purdie and Mr W. Huey Steele, conducted a series of experiments by the aid of a Bonetti glass-plate induction machine which had been constructed by Mr McDougall. The results were very good, the various bones of the hand being distinctly visible. The following people were among those who witnessed the first X-ray experiments to be carried out in Ballarat. Andrew Anderson, President of the School of Mines, a large number of ladies and gentlemen, the medical profession Dr Edward Champion (1867-1929) Dr Gerald Eugene Cussen (1888-1943) Dr William Edward Davies (1868-1928) Dr Charles William Henry hardy (1861-1941) Dr Edward Kenneth Herring(1864-1922) Dr Joseph Lalor (1859-1907) Dr James Thomas Mitchell (1856-1945) Dr Edward Graham Ochiltree (1857-1896) Dr Robert Denham Pinnock (1849-1902) Dr Joseph Francis Usher (c1832-1909) Dr Grace Vale (nk-1933). The staff of SMB Professor Alfred Mica Smith Professor D. J. Dawbarn Mr. F. J. Martell. (http://guerin.ballarat.edu.au/aasp/is/library/collections/art_history/honour-roll/honourroll_X-Ray_pioneers.shtml)Two men, one seated, one standing standing in a room with early electrical equipment. They are conducting pioneer X-rays at the Ballarat School of Mines in 1896. Seated on the left is John Waters Sutherland.A bromide of this images states "Experimenting with X-rays, 1896"ballarat school of mines, x-ray, xray, john sutherland, sutherland, electricity, photography, foto, roentgen tube, medical

George Reed was a draftsman living in the City of Moorabbin c 1950 1899, David Misell, invented this "electric device" ( torch / flashlight) powered by "D" batteries laid front-to-back in a paper tube with the light bulb and a rough brass reflector at the end. Misell assigned his invention over to the American Electrical Novelty and Manufacturing Company owned by Conrad Hubert. In 1905, Hubert changed the name again to The American Ever Ready Company, selling torches / flashlights and batteries under the trademark Ever Ready. In 1906 the British Ever Ready Electrical Company was formed for export of batteries; it became independent in 1914. The American Ever Ready Company became part of National Carbon Company in 1914. The trademark was shortened to Eveready. In 1986, Union Carbide sold its Battery Products Division to Ralston Purina Company becoming the Eveready Battery Company, Inc. and in 1992, it bought the British Ever Ready Electrical Company. Prior to March 1, 1980, the company's alkaline battery had been called the Eveready Alkaline Battery (1959–1968), Eveready Alkaline Energizer (1968–1974) and Eveready Alkaline Power Cell (1974–February 29, 1980). On March 1, 1980, it was rebadged under its current name, Energizer. 2019 production plant in Portage, Wisconsin, but the majority of batteries are made in China and there are also numerous production facilities outside the US. This is an industrial strength Eveready Torch made in England and was used by George Reed, a draftsman, who lived in Bentleigh , City of Moorabbin in mid 20th CLarge 'Eveready' industrial hand torch/ flashlight with rubber protective coverEVEREADY /MADE IN ENGLAND clothing, manufactured lace, dressmaking, blouses, theatrical props, lights, torches, lighting, early settlers, moorabbin shire, mechanics institute cheltenham, postworld war 11 settlers, housing estates moorabbin 1950, bentleigh, ormond, moorabbin, cheltenham, , clark judy, reed gladys, reed george

Designed and built in the early 1920’s by Charles Robert Prosser , a Melbourne Engineer, for an enquiry by the Commonwealth Government into ways of solving the break of gauge problem. Breaks or changes in railway gauges existed at most state borders of Australia during the first half of the 20th century. Upon completion of this model, it was placed on display in the Federal Parliament then located in Parliament House, Melbourne. Patents on the Break of Gauge Bogie Application number Title Applicant(s) Inventor(s) Filing date 1921000390 Improved means of adjusting the wheels of rolling stock to suit railway tracks of different gauges Charles Robert Prosser Charles Robert Prosser 1921-02-01 1917004843 Improvements in and connected with railway or other ticket supply tubes Charles Robert Prosser Charles Robert Prosser 1917-08-09 1915016191 IMPROVEMENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH THE ADAPTATION OF RAILWAY ROLLING STOCK TO DIFFERENT GAUGES Charles Robert Prosser Charles Robert Prosser 1915-05-01 1915015980 Improvements in and connected with the adaptation of railway rolling stock to different gauges Charles Robert Prosser Charles Robert Prosser 1915-04-09 1914012931 Improvements in and connected with the adaptation of railway rolling stock to different gauges Charles Robert Prosser Charles Robert Prosser 1914-04-20 The Sydney Morning Herald Fri 2 Sep 1921 Page 6 BREAK OF GAUGE DEVICE. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article28088233 Historic - Railway Invention Break of Gauge Bogie Break of Gauge Bogie made of iron and wrought iron & brassboggie, break of gauge, puffing billy

These items were available for sale by chemists in Orbost. Chemists who worked in Orbost included Henry Cottman; James Alfred Dubois Williams; Harry Arthur Murray; Miss P.E .Mason (Phyllis Estelle?); Miss Sybil Monica Buzza; Thomas James Frayer; Australia Shaw; James David Torley; John William Zimmer; Dalkeith William Steele; William Thomas Hollingsworth; E.E. Cohen; R.S. Anderson; Frances John Perry Faith Everard Pardew and Charles Anthony Wurf.The practices of early pharmacists are revealed through these glass bottles. The items have a clear association with Orbost. Seven packaged medications / ointments.Inside 3215.1 is a small brown glass jar with a white plastic lid. It is labelled " Zimmer's Cuprese Ointment". The contents are unused and have a use by date label June 95.The box is white with black and white print on bands of blue and green. 3215.2 is a white cardboard box with red and black print. It contains a 60 g unused tube of "Akileine ionisee". 3215.3 is an orange and white cardboard box with black print. It contains a narrow green glass bottle of oil with a black plastic lid and is labelled "OLBAS".3215.4 is a glass jar with a white plastic lid. It is labelled "NAPRASH CREAM". 3215.5 is a small brown glass jar with a white metal screw lid. On the label is "SKIN BALM". 3215.6 is a very rusted round tin with a painted label on the front "French Corn Cure" in gold print. 3215.7 is a rectangular shaped tin with rounded corners. It is light green with a painted label on the lid "SIMPSON"S CAMPHOR ICE".pharmacies-orbost medications chemist skin-remedies

Statement from F. W. Milne & Son, Merchants and General Engineers, Vine Street, Bendigo to North Deborah G. M. Co. N. L. Copy of statement for the month of July, 1958. Top of the page is printed with 'F.W. Milne & Son, Merchants and General Engineers' of Vine Street, Bendigo and the name and types of goods and services offered. Statement is for repair to boiler feed pump, turn taper on end of rock drills to suit sample, make a mild steel cross head wedge to suit sample, supply of bolts, make dies and remove dent from tube of telescopic drill bar, make mild steel split clamp nut to suit sample, make 2 mild steel screws 2 1/2'' x 5/8'' with hexagon head 1'' across flats 1/2'' long and thread to suit sample. Statement is a typed, carbon copy. It has copy written in pencil under the typing. Albert Richardson Collection. document, gold, north deborah g. m. co. n. l., north deborah g. m. co. n. l., statement to north deborah g. m. co. n. l., f w milne & son

Otto Schott, a chemist and glass engineer, had the vision of uniform production ie making glass items that would resemble one another. At the end of the eighteenth century, with most glass items still created by hand, the quality of output was still a guessing game. Schott was the first to render this an industrial certainty. 1884 Otto Schott, Ernst Abbe and Carl and Roderich Zeiss found the Schott & Associates Glass Technology Laboratory in Jena, Germany. Glastechnisches Laboratorium Schott & Gen was born. Production started in 1886. The following year, a crucial discovery was made: borosilicate, a heat and chemically resistant glass.By it’s 25th year anniversary, the company had grown from an experimental glass factory into an internationally renowned manufacturer of optical and industrial glasses. Soon to be added was fiolax, tube-shaped glass used for vials, ampoules and syringes thus allowing the company to play a significant role in supplying Europe's nascent pharmaceutical industry. During WW2 Company was taken over for military use, and in 1945 given to the Russians as East Germany - GDR. , US troops transfer the "brain trust" of Jenaer Glas to Mainz in West and In Jena , East Germany, in 1948 the company became a state-owned "property of the people." The West German company becomes Schott Glaswerk, while the people in Jena, GDR, shorten their name to Jenaer Glaswerk. When the Berlin Wall comes down in 1989 Germany is united once again and in 1991 the company is joined and the Jena factory is brought up-to-date by 1994.This 10ml clear glass, graduated cylinder for laboratory tests, set in a plastic pentagonal base, is made of borosilicate glass. It has a pouring lip. The wide pentagonal shaped base provides stability and makes the cylinder roll-resistant. agr / ? TRS 10/0.1 / B Tol + - 0.1 / ml in 20'C / GDR pharmacy, medications, medicines, glass manufacturing, glass works, early settlers, moorabbin, bentleigh, cheltenham, jenaer glaswerk schott & gen company, west germany, east germany, berlin wall, ww2 1939-45, schott otto, zeiss roderich, borosilicate glass, glass cylinders, laboratory glass

Black powder splitting guns were commonly used to split large logs into more manageable pieces before the advent of excavators and front-end loaders in bush logging operations. A typical splitting gun used in Victorian forests was a piece of high-grade steel about 1-1/2 to 2 inches in diameter and about 16 inches long, and slightly tapered at one end. They had a ¾ inch hole drilled about 9 inches deep into the centre of the shaft with a small pilot hole drilled from the outside to load the fuse. The tube was carefully loaded with an amount of black gunpowder using a funnel and spoon. Experience being the guide on how much powder to use, which depended on log size, species and difficulty of splitting the wood. The hole was stopped with a piece of wadded paper and the gun positioned at the end of a length of the log to be split. The splitting gun was then belted into the log with a large wooden maul or even the back of an axe to a depth of about 3 to 4 inches. There were often markings as a guide. This also had the effect of tamping the black powder inside the gun. Preferably the gun was backed up by another large log to absorb the shock and avoid it flying off in the bush somewhere. I have seen guns where a length of string and coloured flag could be attached to help find them. A length of fuse was then inserted in the small hole and lit. Kaboom !!!! Needless to say, the splitting gun was a dangerous implement.Commonly used to split pulpwood but now rareBlack Powder Splitting GunFive marking rings used to guide how far the gun was in the logforest harvesting

Black powder splitting guns were commonly used to split large logs into more manageable pieces before the advent of excavators and front-end loaders in bush logging operations. A typical splitting gun used in Victorian forests was a piece of high-grade steel about 1-1/2 to 2 inches in diameter and about 16 inches long, and slightly tapered at one end. They had a ¾ inch hole drilled about 9 inches deep into the centre of the shaft with a small pilot hole drilled from the outside to load the fuse. The tube was carefully loaded with an amount of black gunpowder using a funnel and spoon. Experience being the guide on how much powder to use, which depended on log size, species and difficulty of splitting the wood. The hole was stopped with a piece of wadded paper and the gun positioned at the end of a length of the log to be split. The splitting gun was then belted into the log with a large wooden maul or even the back of an axe to a depth of about 3 to 4 inches. There were often markings as a guide. This also had the effect of tamping the black powder inside the gun. Preferably the gun was backed up by another large log to absorb the recoil shock and avoid it flying off in the bush somewhere. I have seen guns where a length of string and coloured flag could be attached to help find them. A length of fuse was then inserted in the small hole and lit. Kaboom !!!! Needless to say, the splitting gun was a dangerous implement.Log Splitting gun (large 50cm)forests commission victoria (fcv), hand tools

Black powder splitting guns were commonly used to split large logs into more manageable pieces before the advent of excavators and front-end loaders in bush logging operations. A typical splitting gun used in Victorian forests was a piece of high-grade steel about 1-1/2 to 2 inches in diameter and about 16 inches long, and slightly tapered at one end. They had a ¾ inch hole drilled about 9 inches deep into the centre of the shaft with a small pilot hole drilled from the outside to load the fuse. The tube was carefully loaded with an amount of black gunpowder using a funnel and spoon. Experience being the guide on how much powder to use, which depended on log size, species and difficulty of splitting the wood. The hole was stopped with a piece of wadded paper and the gun positioned at the end of a length of the log to be split. The splitting gun was then belted into the log with a large wooden maul or even the back of an axe to a depth of about 3 to 4 inches. There were often markings as a guide. This also had the effect of tamping the black powder inside the gun. Preferably the gun was backed up by another large log to absorb the recoil shock and avoid it flying off in the bush somewhere. I have seen guns where a length of string and coloured flag could be attached to help find them. A length of fuse was then inserted in the small hole and lit. Kaboom !!!! Needless to say, the splitting gun was a dangerous implement.Log Splitting gun (large 45cm)forests commission victoria (fcv), hand tools