Showing 1313 items
matching south australian history
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Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Album - Inner Wheel Collection 1985-1994
Inner Wheel is a chartered club for the wives of members of the Rotary Club. It originated in Manchester, England in 1924. Bendigo was the third chartered club in Australia, receiving its charter 19/8/1933.Brown covered photo album with embossed gold coloured writing on cover 'photos'. Sticky label on front cover reads ' Inner Wheel Club of Bendigo South History 1985-1994' 32 pages, double sided Black magnetic pages inside, coloured photos on each page from front to back page, also including a newspaper article and Sixth Annual Report (June 1986) & Presidents Report 1986-87 photo album, inner wheel -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Slide - Images by Arthur Pulfer, 1957-1970
ROSEVIEW 407 High Street, Golden Square Bendigo "Roseview" was designed by Godfrey Eathorne and constructed in 1939. It is one of the few Streamline Moderne houses in the Central Goldfields region, and was one of the earliest constructed in the Bendigo region. It is an outstanding example of this style of housing. It resembles an ocean liner, and reflects the emphasis on the streamlining of methods of transportation. It utilizes both flat and curved surfaces and has little external ornamentation. The use of materials such as rounded glass windows and metal window and door frames reflects an innovative approach to construction consistent with the style. "Roseview" was constructed on a large scale, with large and spacious rooms. It reflects the prominent social status and wealth of the original owner, together with the desire for a building in 'the latest' style which was sure to attract attention and prominence in the region. It has been maintained largely in original condition. CARALULUP HOTEL 'The Sun' dated January 17, 1941 on the back. It states that 'The licence of Caralulup Hotel, near Talbot, has been surrendered, thus severing an 80 year association with the district' State Library of Victoria TOLMER GOLD ESCORT ROUTE The gold rush in New South Wales and Victoria left few able miners in South Australia. Bad economic conditions saw more than 15,000 men leave the Kapunda and Burra mines by the end of 1851. Alexander Tolmer, Commissioner of Police in 1852 proposed that the gold won by South Australians should be brought back to South Australia under an escort consisting of only a few men. In March a Gold Escort was on its way back to Adelaide with almost 6,000 ounces of gold for the vaults of the Treasury Building. After this successful trip Tolmer led two other escorts before handing over his duties. A total of eighteen gold escorts were made, the last one during November and December 1853 when Inspector Wyndham was in charge. You’ll find Gold Escort Route Monuments between Meningie, Coonalpyn and Tintinara.Many images from by Arthur Pulfer copied to slides. Twenty Slides of Bendigo: Bullen's Circus Bendigo February 1966 "Roseview", Pethard's Home at 407 High Street, Golden Square, Bendigo. 25th March 1957. House is possibly on the Midland Highway Epsom, Bendigo - 8 April 1955 Kangaroo Flat Bus Lines mini bus The Big Tree Sedgwick Road March 1972 The old Golden Gully Hotel Diamond Hill Road, Bendigo The old Lockup Eaglehawk Bendigo September 1967 Market Gardens - possibly North Bendigo North Deborah Mine photo taken from Breen Street 1958 Laying the track to get the engine into the park, looking down Mitchell Street Bendigo Engine R766 in the Victorian Railways Institute Park Railway Place Bendigo On the Methodist Church Steps Arnold street Bendigo Miner's Hut at Moliagul Basket Lunch - White Hills Botanical Gardens - St johns 100 year celebrations White Hills Swimming Pool February 1970 White Hills Botanical Gardens Bendigo Bendigo Show Parade 1958 The Arrival of the Cobb and Co Coach in Bendigo September 1963 history, bendigo, james lerk collection, golden square high school, dragon loong, white hill botanical gardens, 407 high street bendigo, r766 engine, bullens circus, caralulup, moligual, bendigo show, tolmer's gold route, kangaroo flat bus lines, eaglehawk lockup, arnold street methodist church, elephants -
Kyneton RSL Sub Branch
WW1 Medals
Pte Simmons was born in Kyneton. Died at the battle of Fromelles, July 1916.Fromelles. The battle of Fromelles on 19 July 1916 was a bloody initiation for Australian soldiers to warfare on the Western Front. Soldiers of the newly arrived 5th Australian Division, together with the British 61st Division, were ordered to attack strongly fortified German front line positions near the Aubers Ridge in French Flanders. The attack was intended as a feint to hold German reserves from moving south to the Somme where a large Allied offensive had begun on 1 July. The feint was a disastrous failure. Australian and British soldiers assaulted over open ground in broad daylight and under direct observation and heavy fire from the German lines. Over 5,500 Australians became casualties. Almost 2,000 of them were killed in action or died of wounds and some 400 were captured. This is believed to be the greatest loss by a single division in 24 hours during the entire First World War. Some consider Fromelles the most tragic event in Australia’s history. www.awm.gov.au/articles/encyclopedia/fromelles Two WW1 War service medals with ribbons in a white presentation case. With black clothe lining. On the rim of each medal is: 4899Pte N T Simmons 59 Bn AIF The medals are labelled British War Medal and Allied Victory Medal 1914- 1918. On the inside of the lid is card inscribed: Posthumus award to 4899 Pte N T Simmons 59 Bn AIF. ww1 medals, british war medal, allied victory medal 1914- 1918, n t simmons, fromelles -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Slide - DIGGERS & MINING. THE GOLD LICENCE, c1850s
Diggers & Mining. The gold licence. The Government Camp. As well as government escorts, there were a few private gold escort companies operating in the early 1850s. One of them carried gold from the Ovens diggings to Sydney. In 1852, the South Australian government established a gold escort service between Mount Alexander and Adelaide. Why? Markings: 25 994.LIF. 4. Used as a teaching aid.hanimounteducation, tertiary, goldfields -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - GERMAN HERITAGE SOCIETY COLLECTION: BAROSSA VALLEY COACH TOUR 1994, 8th - 10th April, 1994
Bound collection with a yellow front cover and a buff back cover. Barossa Valley Coach Tour, April 8th to April 10th, 1984. The front has a line map of The Barossa Valley, South Australia. Articles taken from 'German Speaking Settlers in Australia' by Josef Vondra, Published 1981 by Cavalier Press Pty Ltd Melbourne. 'A Matter of History' chapter one, random excerpts used. 'The Barossa Valley', chapter 2, pages 47 - 67. Mentioned in the booklet are the German settlement in the Barossa Valley, the arrival of the Germans in Australia and some of the reasons which led up to why they left their homeland.document, memo, german heritage society, german heritage society collection - barossa valley coach tour 1994, josef vondra, cavalier press pty ltd -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - GERMAN HERITAGE SOCIETY COLLECTION: BUILDINGS, MINES & PLACES
Collection of Articles with a map of part of South Australia north of Adelaide. Contains articles and photos about Tailem Bend, Murray Bridge, Kapunda, Burra, Clare, Penwortham, Sevenhill, Eudunda, Mintaro, Watervale, The House of Quelltaler, Leasingham and Auburn. It also contains a story by Gaye Sprenglewski.societies, service clubs, german heritage society, german heritage society collection - colllection of articles about buildings, mines & places, tailem bend, murray bridge, kapunda, burra, clare, penwortham, sevenhill, eudunda, mintaro, watervale, the house of quelltaler, leasingham, auburn, gaye sprenglewski. -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Document - Specification, Melbourne and Metropolitan Tramways Board (MMTB), "Z3 class tram - Melbourne, Australia", 1979
Gives the detail of the tramcar, classification, developers (builders and suppliers), description, history, contract price, warranty, vehicle performance, dimensions, suspension, propulsion, braking, electrical and control systems and body specifications and a list of work done at Preston Workshops.Yields information about the Z3 class tram.Specification or report - 5 A4 pages stapled in top left hand corner.trams, tramways, z3 class, commonwealth engineering, comeng, aeg, duwag, bogies, mmtb, new trams -
Queenscliffe Maritime Museum
Document - Diary of John Clarke 1850 to 1883, John Clarke, Personal diary of John Clarke, 1850 to 1883
The wreck site identified as the Columbine, a two masted brig built in 1839 in Aberdeen, Scotland and wrecked on the 1st April 1854 at Ocean Grove, Victoria, was formally reported to Heritage Victoria as located on the 15th January 2003 by Peter Ferrier and Don Love. As the site is over 75 years old it is automatically protected under the Commonwealth Historic Shipwrecks Act 1976. This diary is important as it outlines the eye witness account of the last moments of the Barque Columbine which is primarily of historic, technical, social and archaeological significance internationally and to the State of Victoria. It is a unique original account of that episode in early migrant history of Victoria and of Australia.A small leather bound black diary containing entries by John Clarke from 1843 to 1883, recording aspects of his life in Australia from the wreck of the Colombine as a child [approx 13 y.o.a.] to his experiences working in the gold fields and around the Geelong area. The diary is extensively damaged.john clarke, barque colombine, approaches to port phillip, ship wrecks, south coast -
Queenscliffe Maritime Museum
Booklet - RAN Reserve, Royal Australian Naval Reserve
At the outbreak of World War II, the RAN Reserve Forces comprised: RANR (S), 86 officers; RANR, 222 officers, 3869 ratings; RANVR, 223 officers. In order to balance the numbers in the permanent service at post-war complements, Reserve training was suspended during the War; all new entry personnel were entered through the RANR and they signed an agreement for the duration of hostilities instead of the customary 12 years engagement. Officers and potential officers, meanwhile, were entered as members of the RANR (S) or the RANVR.The Royal Australian Naval Reserves (RANR) can trace its origins back to at least 1863 and the formation of the New South Wales Naval Brigade.Booklet detailing a brief history and operation of the RAN Reserve.Royal Australian Naval Reserve; Non Sibi Set Patriaeroyal australian naval reserve, ran reserve, information booklet -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Photograph - Postcards of Bendigo, Valentine and Sons Publishing Co, c1910
Valentine & Sons of Dundee were Scotland’s most successful commercial photographers. In the early 1900s, at the height of the postcard craze, they published large numbers of postcards in the U.K., Canada, U.S., Australia and South Africa. Even though enthusiasm for postcards eventually waned, Valentine & Sons continued to produce cards into the 1960s and 1970s. Numerical ranges belonged to Valentine & Sons’ branches in other countries, as follows: USA – 200,000s; Australia – 300,000s; and South Africa – 500,000s. New Zealand cards were produced but these seem generally to have been numbered in the U.K. series, which bore numbers less than 100,000. Thirty-eight photos of postcards of Bendigo, city centre, published by Valentine and Sons Publishing Co.history, bendigo, ted hocking collection, valentine postcards -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - EMU CREEK BUSH BAND COLLECTION: AWARDS AND CERTIFICATES, 1988
Documents. Sixty one letters and certificates of appreciation for the Emu Creek Bush Band following perfromances at a varity of venues and schools across Victoria, New South Wales and South Australia. -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Memorabilia - Bendigo Braves Glasses
The Bendigo Basketball Association was formed in 1947. Bendigo Braves Basketball team was formed in 1984, joining the 1st division of the Victorian Basketball Association. In 19185 it was the first regional club to join the South Eastern Australian Basketball League (SEABL). In 1988 under the second year of coach David Flint the team won the SEABL championship and the Australian Basketball Association (ABL) national championship.Set of four fluted glasses with Bendigo Braves logo in gold in upper part of glass. Bendigo Bravesbendigo braves, 1988 sebl championships -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Card - 25 years Bush Trefoil Guild
The first meeting of the 1st Bendigo Guides was held by Miss Merle Bush on the 22nd of August 1922 in the St Paul' School Room. Twelve girls were present. Miss Bush was given permission to open the Company by Miss R. Hamilton, State Secretary for Victoria, she received her Captain's Warrant on 12th December 1922.Card with Honeysuckle and Dog Rose drawings of fruit and flowers in red and pink on the front1 Halsey Street Box Hill South. Dear Wynne Please accept my apology for the 25th Birthday celebration of Merle Bush Trefoil Guild. I hope you have a wonderful day and I shall be thinking of you. As I grow older I find I prefer to restrict my activities to the things that are close to home. I am still driving but only locally and to places that I know. Best wishes to all Marie Stubbsgirl guides, guiding, merle bush, trefoil guild, the australian womens register -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Photograph - Baden Powell Casket
Caskets were presented to Robert Baden-Powell from groups around the world in recognition of his services to the Empire following his successful holding of the besieged town of Mafeking during the South African Boer War. The origin of this Casket is unknown.Photograph of a Baden Powell Casket. The photograph is mounted on mounting board with two cream colpured borders. The casket has the Australian Coat of Arms on the top and is supported by four turtles."Baden Powell casket" written on the edge of the mounting board,robert baden powell, boer war, casket -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Map - CENTENARY OF FEDERATION MAP OF AUSTRALIA
Map of Australia printed for the Centenary of Federation 1901-2001. Description of the footsteps to federation and starting at left pictures of: John Forrest (first premier of Western Australia) - Edmund Barton (Australia's first Prime Minister) - Charles Kingston (premier of South Australia) - Catherine Helen Spence (first woman to run for political office) - Alfred Deakin ( Australia's first deputy Prime Minister) - John Quick (Force behind the people convention) - Andrew Inglis Clark (Attorney General of Tasmania) - Henry Parkes (Premier of New South Wales) - Robert Garran (helped draft the final version of the Constitution) - George Reid (Premier of New South Wales) - Maybanke Wolstenholme (leading women' s suffrage and Federation campaigner) - Samuel Griffith (former Queensland Premier) - The Exhibition Building, Melbourne - Vaiben Louis Solomon (represented the Northern Territory). On the right the evolution of the colonies and the states from 1788 to 1915.australia, history, centenary of federation -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - EDWIN BUCKLAND COLLECTION: PRIVATE LETTER, 1956
Document/letter. Private letter sent from 29 Adelade road Gawler South in South Australia. -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Newsletter - LYDIA CHANCELLOR COLLECTION: UNITING CHURCH IN AUSTRALIA SOUTH BENDIGO PARISH MONTHLY MAGAZINE, 1979
LYDIA CHANCELLOR COLLECTION: UNITING CHURCH IN AUSTRALIA SOUTH BENDIGO PARISH MONTHLY MAGAZINE February 1979 For the Golden Square, Lockwood and Kangaroo Flat Uniting churches.bendigo, history, churches -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - EDWIN BUCKLAND COLLECTION: LETTER. POSTED FROM SEMAPHORE SOUTH AUSTRALIA, 1957
Dolcument. Document/letter posted from Semaphore South Australia, to E. Buckland 99 Wills Street Bendigo. -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Letter - LYDIA CHANCELLOR COLLECTION: METHODIST CHURCH OF AUSTRALIA SOUTH BENDIGO CIRCUIT GOLDEN SQUARE PASTORATE LETTER TO LYDIA CHANCELLOR, 1972
LYDIA CHANCELLOR COLLECTION: Methodist Church of Australia South Bendigo Circuit Golden Square Pastorate Letter to Lydia Chancellor To Mrs L. Chanchellor, Panton Street Golden Square - invitation to the centenary celebrations 8th April 1972 from the Golden Square Methodist Church Property Board Secretary John ??bendigo, history, bendigo churches, lydia chancellor -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Magazine - Electric Traction article, Keith Kings, After Geelong What?" and "Farewell to Geelong", March 1956
Editorial written at the time of the start of the closure of many Australian tramway systems, asking what is the next tramway system to close. The other two Victorian Provincial Tramway systems were considered safe at the time, however under constant threat of closure by the SEC due to the losses that were being incurred. Written by well-known Victorian tramway historian Keith Kings. The article with maps and photos details the history of the Geelong tramway system.Details the history of the Geelong Tramway system and gives details of the tramcars that were used on the system.Photocopy of an item from the Electric Traction Magazine March 1956 about the closure of the Geelong Tramway System, and trimmed to the magazine original size - 12 sheets stapled. Includes Maps and photographs. Text written by Keith Kings. Article interspersed with materials about the Adelaide Tramway system.geelong trams, closure, tramways, tramcars -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Coin - Copper coins, British Mint, 1887
The three 1887 coins represent the coins in use at the start of the horse tram operations in Ballarat and would have been used to pay for tickets. The 1911 coin was minted one year after Commonwealth Government started to mint Australian coins. Demonstrates the coins used at the time of horse tram and electric tram operations.Set of four "copper" coins; 1 - British penny - 1887 2 - British half penny - 1887 3 - British fathing - 1887 4 - Australian Penny - 1911coins, australian coin history, british coins, fares, public transport, tramways -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Letter - from Peter Duckett to Wal Jack re Ballarat Sprinkler car tank, Peter Duckett, 8/3/1958
Wal Jack had an extensive range of correspondents throughout Australia and the world who often prepared extensive notes and records for him. This letter from Peter Duckett, the owner and proprietor of the Model Dockyard, dated 8/3/1955 discusses the water tank on the Ballarat ESCo sprinkler tram and its disposal history, First sold to a Mr Colters of Forest St and then sold to a lady in Invermay. Also compares the Ballarat tank to that of Bendigo. Finishes off with a discussion about his visit to Ballarat the previous weekend and the traffic on the road.Demonstrates some of the correspondence that Wal Jack received from around the world and that of Peter DuckettLetter on The Model Dockyard letterhead, printed quarto sheet, hand written by Peter Duckett dated 8/3/1955 - two sheets.letters, wal jack, peter duckett, sprinkler tram, water tanks, ballarat, bendigo, model dockyard -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Document, Tramways of Plymouth & District UK, c1950
Wal Jack maintained lists of Australian tramcars and information on tramways, often provided by his correspondents. This document provides a short history of the Plymouth and District tramways which had closed by 1945 along with a list of routes, and tramcars.Yields information about Wal Jack's records.Typed document - foolscap sheet, quarto and part of a cut foolscap sheet about the Tramways of Plymouth & District UKletters, wal jack, trams, lists, plymouth uk -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Book, Traction Publications, "Destination City" fifth edition, 1993
Includes brief description of each type, photographs and a summary history, including the Victorian Railway's trams. Has many photographs of the various tramcars associated with relevant text. On front cover is a photo of Z3 at the Burwood terminus. Written by Norm Cross, Dale Budd and Randall Wilson as editors, published by Transit Australia Publishing. Has two maps, north and south of Melbourne, printed on the inside card covers. Published 1993. Yields information up to 1993 about Melbourne's tramcars.Book - "Destination City" with subtitle "Melbourne's Electric Trams" - 128 A4 pages + card card, printed on gloss paper - 7 sections, perfect bound, describes Melbourne's tram car fleet. mmtb, tramways, tramcars, melbourne, vr trams, destination city -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Ephemera - Tour Notes, Australian Electric Traction Association (AETA), "AETA Souvenir Brochure Golden Jubilee" Ballarat 1955, Aug. 1955
Yields information about a Australian Electric Traction Association tour to Ballarat, Golden Jubilee Tour, August 1955 and Ballarat tramcars.An 8 page, duplicated souvenir brochure for AETA tour of Ballarat Trams, on 20/8/55 with brief history, itinerary, map, tram car notes. Gives details of the itinerary for the trip using a 280HP Rail car trip with the forward portion via North Geelong. Duplicated using the Gestetner process. Note the knowledge of the time, with horse tram bodies being reused to form some of the early ESCo. trams. Second copy from donation of the Tom Murray Estate added 25-11-2016 and 3rd copy from Keith Kings papers added 19-3-2017. A copy of this document ex Charles Craig collection was replaced by a better condition one ex Tom Murray - 25-11-2016. Record revised and updated for this replacement. Handle with care - both copies.secv, ballarat tramways, 1955, 50 years of electric trams, aeta -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Ephemera - Tour Notes, Australian Electric Traction Association (AETA), "AETA Easter 1958, tour notes, Ballarat", Apr. 1958
Yields information about a Australian Electric Traction Association tour to Ballarat, Bendigo and Geelong Tour, Easter 1958 tramcars with maps.A eight page booklet tour notes for AETA's 4th Annual Easter Convention in Melbourne and tour to Ballarat, Sat. 5/4/1958 with brief history, itinerary, map, Geelong map, tram car notes and Bendigo. Duplicated by Gestener process. Copy to be provided if loaned.secv, ballarat, geelong, aeta, bendigo, provincial tramways -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Magazine, Shennan Publishing & Publicity, "Special 12th Anniversary Issue" - Truck & Bus Transportation - July 1948, 1948
Yields information about Australian transport history, transport at the time of publication and the development of buses and the Ansett organisation.Large format 208 page , July 1948 issue of Truck and Bus Transportation with colour cover, fold out and advertisements, colour printing, articles on buses, trucks, cable trams, Australian Transport, personnel in industry, Ansett, executives - special 12 the anniversary issue. See photocopy of title and contents pages with item notes. Notes on Truck & Bus Transportation - Special Anniversary Issue - July 1948, with particular relevance to BTM Archives Advertisements: White Bus Co - similarity to the US PCC Tram - inside front cover Ansett's and Ansair - p131 AC buses - p162 Articles: Has Australia's Railways Reach the Doldrums? - p38 Modem Street Transit Authorities Announce Development Policy - p42 (includes photos of Sydney, Adelaide Glenelg H class, Bourke St, trams etc, being replaced by buses) These were the Events that made our Headlines (war years - photos included - p61 Riding the Rattlers behind Horses, Ropes and Billies - cable trams, horse and steam trams p66. - demise of Melbourne cable cars. Tracing the development of the Motor Bus in Aust. - p73. Australian Transport Administrations - whose , photos, responsibilities, liquid fuel control (petrol rationing), Australian Road Transport Associations, executives etc. - pl16 onwards Ansett organisation - p 1 72 onwards trams, tramways, trucks, buses, cable trams, road transport -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Book, Dept. of Veteran affairs for Australia remembers programme, Australia Remembers Information, 1995
Books, posters, letters and bromide sheets for background information and use in Australia Remembers (1995), commemoration - 50th anniversary of end of second world war. 255.1 - three copies - 1 item with 4 Velcro dots on rear, Australia Remembers logo poster - gloss paper, minor creases, three colours, 420 x 286. 255.2 - A4 size, 40 page and card cover background information book - "Australia Remembers", 1945 - 1995", published by Department of Veteran Affairs, 1994 Canberra. Gives brief history of Australia's involvement in Second World War, 297H x 210W, no damage. 255.3 - letter from Victorian Committee to BTPS dated 28/2/19905 - white paper with colour logo, A4, BTPS received stamp in top right hand corner - crease in top left hand corner. 255.4 - 8 page A4 size magazine format on Australia Remembers events, issued in Jan. 1995 - 297H x 210W - no damage. 255.5 - single sheet - A4 size, black and white, and colour bromides of Australia Remembers logos in various screens. Produced by Department of Veteran Affairs. Has been cut on left hand side. Images added 19/10/2013.trams, tramways, world war ii, australia remembers, 50th anniversary, commerations -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Book, Australian Electric Transport Museum (SA) Inc, "Adelaide's Changing Transport", mid 1960's
264.1 Twenty page booklet titled "Adelaide's Changing Transport - a guide to the AETM at St Kilda. Black and white photos, map, covers, brief history of Adelaide's transport and some Museum exhibits 264.2 - within book - Letter from Garry Ord to N.Gower dated 7 august 1967 on Australian Broadcasting letterhead, Queensland branch, noting replacement of trolley buses in Adelaide and returning booklet. 264.3 - newspaper cutting within booklet, dated 22/11/1968, noting 10th anniversary of closure of Adelaide street trams and referring to an "in Memorial" notice. Items .2 and .3 were inside booklet, clipped together with a paper clip that was going rusty.trams, tramways, adelaide, trams, trolley buses, buses, aetm, st kilda museum. -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Document - Photocopies, Copy by Robin Clark, "Ballarat: An Australian Streetcar Preservation Project", c1992
Yields information about the history of Ballarat's trams, the BTPS and its activities during the early 1990's.Three page photocopy of an article on the history of Ballarat trams and their preservation. Features summary of history and the Society. Six photos, black and white. Written by Robin Clark for the Sept - Oct 1991 issue of "Electric Lines", pages 29 to 31. Image of item added 30/10/2013On rear of page 31, some arithmetic calculationstrams, tramways, ballarat trams, btps, preservation