Whether it’s an anaesthetic, blood test, insulin, vitamin shot or vaccination, at a base human level something feels instinctively wrong about having a long thin piece of metal stuck deep into your flesh. And yet, in allowing physicians to administer medicine directly into the bloodstream, the hypodermic needle has been one of the most important inventions of medical science. In the beginning… Typically, it was the Romans. The word ‘syringe’ is derived from Greek mythology. Chased to the edge of a river by the god Pan, a rather chaste nymph by the name of Syrinx magically disguised herself as water reeds. Determined, Pan chopped the hollow reeds off and blew into them to create a musical whistling sound, thereby fashioning the first of his fabled pipes. Taking that concept of ‘hollow tubes’, and having observed how snakes could transmit venom, the practice of administering ointments and unctions via simple piston syringes is originally described in the writings of the first-century Roman scholar Aulus Cornelius Celsus and the equally famous Greek surgeon Galen. It’s unclear if the Egyptian surgeon Ammar bin Ali al-Mawsili was a fan of either of their scribblings, but 800 years later he employed a hollow glass tube and simple suction power to remove cataracts from his patients’ eyes – a technique copied up until the 13th century, but only to extract blood, fluid or poison, not to inject anything. Syringes get modern Then, in 1650, while experimenting with hydrodynamics, the legendary French polymath Blaise Pascal invented the first modern syringe. His device exemplified the law of physics that became known as Pascal’s Law, which proposes “when there is an increase in pressure at any point in a confined fluid, there is an equal increase at every other point in the container.” But it wasn’t until six years later that a fellow Renaissance man, the English architect Sir Christopher Wren took Pascal’s concept and made the first intravenous experiment. Combining hollow goose quills, pig bladders, a kennel of stray dogs and enough opium to fell a herd of elephants, Wren started injecting the hapless mutts with the ‘milk of the poppy’. By the mid-1660s, thinking this seemed like a great idea, two German doctors, Johann Daniel Major and Johann Sigismund Elsholtz, decided to try their hand at squirting various stuff into human subjects. Things didn’t end well, and people died. Consequently, injections fell out of medical favour for 200 years. Let's try again… Enter the Irish doctor Francis Rynd in 1844. Constructing the first-ever hollow steel needle, he used it to inject medicine subcutaneously and then bragged about it in an issue of the Dublin Medical Press. Then, in 1853, depending on who you believe, it was either a Frenchman or a Scot who invented the first real hypodermic needle. The French physician Charles Pravaz adapted Rynd’s needle to administer a coagulant in order to stem bleeding in a sheep by using a system of measuring screws. However, it was the Scottish surgeon Alexander Wood who first combined a hollow steel needle with a proper syringe to inject morphine into a human. Thus, Wood is usually credited with the invention. Sharp advancements Over the following century, the technology was refined and intravenous injections became commonplace – whether in the administering of pain relief, penicillin, insulin, immunisation and blood transfusions, needles became a staple of medicine. By 1946, the Chance Brothers’ Birmingham glassworks factory began mass-producing the first all-glass syringe with interchangeable parts. Then, a decade later, after sterilisation issues in re-used glass syringes had plagued the industry for years, a Kiwi inventor called Colin Murdoch applied for a patent of a disposable plastic syringe. Several patents followed, and the disposable syringe is now widespread. https://www.medibank.com.au/livebetter/be-magazine/wellbeing/the-history-of-the-hypodermic-needle/ This syringe set was donated to Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village by the family of Doctor William Roy Angus, Surgeon and Oculist. It is part of the “W.R. Angus Collection” that includes historical medical equipment, surgical instruments and material once belonging to Dr Edward Ryan and Dr Thomas Francis Ryan, (both of Nhill, Victoria) as well as Dr Angus’ own belongings. The Collection’s history spans the medical practices of the two Doctors Ryan, from 1885-1926 plus that of Dr Angus, up until 1969. ABOUT THE “W.R.ANGUS COLLECTION” Doctor William Roy Angus M.B., B.S., Adel., 1923, F.R.C.S. Edin.,1928 (also known as Dr Roy Angus) was born in Murrumbeena, Victoria in 1901 and lived until 1970. He qualified as a doctor in 1923 at University of Adelaide, was Resident Medical Officer at the Royal Adelaide Hospital in 1924 and for a period was house surgeon to Sir (then Mr.) Henry Simpson Newland. Dr Angus was briefly an Assistant to Dr Riddell of Kapunda, then commenced private practice at Curramulka, Yorke Peninsula, SA, where he was physician, surgeon and chemist. In 1926, he was appointed as new Medical Assistant to Dr Thomas Francis Ryan (T.F. Ryan, or Tom), in Nhill, Victoria, where his experiences included radiology and pharmacy. In 1927 he was Acting House Surgeon in Dr Tom Ryan’s absence. Dr Angus had become engaged to Gladys Forsyth and they decided he would take time to further his studies overseas in the UK in 1927. He studied at London University College Hospital and at Edinburgh Royal Infirmary and in 1928, was awarded FRCS (Fellow from the Royal College of Surgeons), Edinburgh. He worked his passage back to Australia as a Ship’s Surgeon on the on the Australian Commonwealth Line’s T.S.S. Largs Bay. Dr Angus married Gladys in 1929, in Ballarat. (They went on to have one son (Graham 1932, born in SA) and two daughters (Helen (died 12/07/1996) and Berenice (Berry), both born at Mira, Nhill ) Dr Angus was a ‘flying doctor’ for the A.I.M. (Australian Inland Ministry) Aerial Medical Service in 1928 . The organisation began in South Australia through the Presbyterian Church in that year, with its first station being in the remote town of Oodnadatta, where Dr Angus was stationed. He was locum tenens there on North-South Railway at 21 Mile Camp. He took up this ‘flying doctor’ position in response to a call from Dr John Flynn; the organisation was later known as the Flying Doctor Service, then the Royal Flying Doctor Service. A lot of his work during this time involved dental surgery also. Between 1928-1932 he was surgeon at the Curramulka Hospital, Yorke Peninsula, South Australia. In 1933 Dr Angus returned to Nhill where he’d previously worked as Medical Assistant and purchased a share of the Nelson Street practice and Mira hospital from Dr Les Middleton one of the Middleton Brothers, the current owners of what was once Dr Tom Ryan’s practice. Dr L Middleton was House Surgeon to the Nhill Hospital 1926-1933, when he resigned. [Dr Tom Ryan’s practice had originally belonged to his older brother Dr Edward Ryan, who came to Nhill in 1885. Dr Edward saw patients at his rooms, firstly in Victoria Street and in 1886 in Nelson Street, until 1901. The Nelson Street practice also had a 2 bed ward, called Mira Private Hospital ). Dr Edward Ryan was House Surgeon at the Nhill Hospital 1884-1902 . He also had occasions where he successfully performed veterinary surgery for the local farmers too. Dr Tom Ryan then purchased the practice from his brother in 1901. Both Dr Edward and Dr Tom Ryan work as surgeons included eye surgery. Dr Tom Ryan performed many of his operations in the Mira private hospital on his premises. He too was House Surgeon at the Nhill Hospital 1902-1926. Dr Tom Ryan had one of the only two pieces of radiology equipment in Victoria during his practicing years – The Royal Melbourne Hospital had the other one. Over the years Dr Tom Ryan gradually set up what was effectively a training school for country general-practitioner-surgeons. Each patient was carefully examined, including using the X-ray machine, and any surgery was discussed and planned with Dr Ryan’s assistants several days in advance. Dr Angus gained experience in using the X-ray machine there during his time as assistant to Dr Ryan. Dr Tom Ryan moved from Nhill in 1926. He became a Fellow of the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons in 1927, soon after its formation, a rare accolade for a doctor outside any of the major cities. He remained a bachelor and died suddenly on 7th Dec 1955, aged 91, at his home in Ararat. Scholarships and prizes are still awarded to medical students in the honour of Dr T.F. Ryan and his father, Dr Michael Ryan, and brother, John Patrick Ryan. ] When Dr Angus bought into the Nelson Street premises in Nhill he was also appointed as the Nhill Hospital’s Honorary House Surgeon 1933-1938. His practitioner’s plate from his Nhill surgery states “HOURS Daily, except Tuesdays, Fridays and Saturday afternoons, 9-10am, 2-4pm, 7-8pm. Sundays by appointment”. This plate is now mounted on the doorway to the Port Medical Office at Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village, Warrnambool. Dr Edward Ryan and Dr Tom Ryan had an extensive collection of historical medical equipment and materials spanning 1884-1926 and when Dr Angus took up practice in their old premises he obtained this collection, a large part of which is now on display at the Port Medical Office at Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village in Warrnambool. During his time in Nhill Dr Angus was involved in the merging of the Mira Hospital and Nhill Public Hospital into one public hospital and the property titles passed on to Nhill Hospital in 1939. In 1939 Dr Angus and his family moved to Warrnambool where he purchased “Birchwood,” the 1852 home and medical practice of Dr John Hunter Henderson, at 214 Koroit Street. (This property was sold in1965 to the State Government and is now the site of the Warrnambool Police Station. ). The Angus family was able to afford gardeners, cooks and maids; their home was a popular place for visiting dignitaries to stay whilst visiting Warrnambool. Dr Angus had his own silk worm farm at home in a Mulberry tree. His young daughter used his centrifuge for spinning the silk. Dr Angus was appointed on a part-time basis as Port Medical Officer (Health Officer) in Warrnambool and held this position until the 1940’s when the government no longer required the service of a Port Medical Officer in Warrnambool; he was thus Warrnambool’s last serving Port Medical Officer. (The duties of a Port Medical Officer were outlined by the Colonial Secretary on 21st June, 1839 under the terms of the Quarantine Act. Masters of immigrant ships arriving in port reported incidents of diseases, illness and death and the Port Medical Officer made a decision on whether the ship required Quarantine and for how long, in this way preventing contagious illness from spreading from new immigrants to the residents already in the colony.) Dr Angus was a member of the Australian Medical Association, for 35 years and surgeon at the Warrnambool Base Hospital 1939-1942, He served as a Surgeon Captain during WWII1942-45, in Ballarat, Victoria, and in Bonegilla, N.S.W., completing his service just before the end of the war due to suffering from a heart attack. During his convalescence he carved an intricate and ‘most artistic’ chess set from the material that dentures were made from. He then studied ophthalmology at the Royal Melbourne Eye and Ear Hospital and created cosmetically superior artificial eyes by pioneering using the intrascleral cartilage. Angus received accolades from the Ophthalmological Society of Australasia for this work. He returned to Warrnambool to commence practice as an ophthalmologist, pioneering in artificial eye improvements. He was Honorary Consultant Ophthalmologist to Warrnambool Base Hospital for 31 years. He made monthly visits to Portland as a visiting surgeon, to perform eye surgery. He represented the Victorian South-West subdivision of the Australian Medical Association as its secretary between 1949 and 1956 and as chairman from 1956 to 1958. In 1968 Dr Angus was elected member of Spain’s Barraquer Institute of Barcelona after his research work in Intrasclearal cartilage grafting, becoming one of the few Australian ophthalmologists to receive this honour, and in the following year presented his final paper on Living Intrasclearal Cartilage Implants at the Inaugural Meeting of the Australian College of Ophthalmologists in Melbourne In his personal life Dr Angus was a Presbyterian and treated Sunday as a Sabbath, a day of rest. He would visit 3 or 4 country patients on a Sunday, taking his children along ‘for the ride’ and to visit with him. Sunday evenings he would play the pianola and sing Scottish songs to his family. One of Dr Angus’ patients was Margaret MacKenzie, author of a book on local shipwrecks that she’d seen as an eye witness from the late 1880’s in Peterborough, Victoria. In the early 1950’s Dr Angus, painted a picture of a shipwreck for the cover jacket of Margaret’s book, Shipwrecks and More Shipwrecks. She was blind in later life and her daughter wrote the actual book for her. Dr Angus and his wife Gladys were very involved in Warrnambool’s society with a strong interest in civic affairs. Their interests included organisations such as Red Cross, Rostrum, Warrnambool and District Historical Society (founding members), Wine and Food Society, Steering Committee for Tertiary Education in Warrnambool, Local National Trust, Good Neighbour Council, Housing Commission Advisory Board, United Services Institute, Legion of Ex-Servicemen, Olympic Pool Committee, Food for Britain Organisation, Warrnambool Hospital, Anti-Cancer Council, Boys’ Club, Charitable Council, National Fitness Council and Air Raid Precautions Group. He was also a member of the Steam Preservation Society and derived much pleasure from a steam traction engine on his farm. He had an interest in people and the community He and his wife Gladys were both involved in the creation of Flagstaff Hill, including the layout of the gardens. After his death (28th March 1970) his family requested his practitioner’s plate, medical instruments and some personal belongings be displayed in the Port Medical Office surgery at Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village, and be called the “W. R. Angus Collection”. The W.R. Angus Collection is significant for still being located at the site it is connected with, Doctor Angus being the last Port Medical Officer in Warrnambool. The collection of medical instruments and other equipment is culturally significant, being an historical example of medicine from late 19th to mid-20th century. Dr Angus assisted Dr Tom Ryan, a pioneer in the use of X-rays and in ocular surgery. Syringe set (8 pieces),part of the W.R. Angus Collection. Pocket syringe kit in oval stainless steel container with separate lid. Container holds syringe cylinder, plunger, 2 needles, blade and cap. Printed on syringe cylinder "FIVEPOINT BRITISH" and symbol of a red star. One needle stamped "22"flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, dr w r angus, dr ryan, surgical instrument, t.s.s. largs bay, warrnambool base hospital, nhill base hospital, mira hospital, flying doctor, medical treatment, medical history, medical education, medical text book, fivepoint syringe, general surgical co., injections

This is a needle book containing needles. It appears that the Army and Navy Needle books were not issued to soldiers or sailors but were made for home use in the Western World - Europe, America and presumably Australia. They were made mainly in Germany and some were made in Japan but were not sold in wartime. They were sold before and after World War Two and often featured images of well-known ships of the day. This folder has images of the Europa and the Bremen, two ships made in Germany which belonged to the Norddeutscher Lloyd Line (N.D.L.) and which were launched in the late 1920s. They were the two most advanced high speed steam turbine ocean liners of their day. The Bremen was gutted by fire in 1941. The Europa was captured by the Allies in 1945 and used as a troopship, then it went to France where it was became an ocean liner named Liberte. It was scrapped in 1963. The newspaper cutting tells of a presentation by the Warrnambool Woollen Mill to Private Les Lawlor on his embarking for overseas service. It is not known to which war the cutting refers and no reference can be found to Private Les Lawlor. No connection between the two items (needle book and cutting) has been established but they have always been together in our collection. The needle book is of social significance but has no known local provenance. The cutting contains information suitable for our files.1 This is a piece of thickened paper folded in two to make a folder containing four packets of needles. The folder is green with two images of ships on the back and the front. The images are multi-coloured and have an ornamental edging. The needles of different sizes are contained in black paper folded four times to enclose the needles (13 still in the folded paper – all rusty). It appears one needle packet may be missing. .2 This is a cutting from a newspaper regarding a soldier leaving for overseas military service. There is no date.‘The Army and Navy Needle Book’ ‘Made in Germany’ ‘Silver Steel’‘Superior Quality Royal Drilldeyd Sharps 1 Made in Germany’ ‘Superior Quality Royal Drilldeyd Sharps 1/5 Made in Germany’ ‘Superior Quality Royal Drilldeyd Sharps 5 Made in Germany’ ‘Superior Quality Royal Drilldeyd Sharps 6 Made in Germany’ needle books, ship bremen, ship europa, private les lawlor, warrnambool woollen mill

This calendar has been distributed as a advertising item for Earl’s agricultural machinery and oil depot. The business was situated at the corner of Lava and Kepler Streets in Warrnambool. The name, Acmino’ stood for Allis-Chalmers, Mitchell’s Implements, Neptune Oils’. Distributing calendars at Christmas time for the following year was, and still is, a popular advertising tool for businesses. This calendar is of minor interest as an example of the use made by businesses in the 1940s of calendars as advertising tools. It also has a local Warrnambool connection, the agricultural machinery business of F. Earl. This is a 1946 calendar with a buff-coloured sheet of crinkled paper with a brown border. It has a coloured photograph of two men droving cattle near a river and it ispasted on to the paper with a brown border around the photograph. The calendar for 1946 is printed on to the paper and also in monthly sheets pasted on to the paper on top of each other. The printing on the calendar is brown. On the back of the calendar is written in black ink, ‘French Bros’. The calendar has a red piece of string at the top for hanging the calendar up on a wall or cupboard. The calendar is torn at the edges and somewhat stained.‘With Compliments from the “Acmino” House, F.Earl (Prop.)Warrnambool Phone 484 Private 75’ ‘Allis-Chalmers Tractors Mitchell’s Implements Neptune Oils’ ‘Sales, Service and Satisfaction Guaranteed’ ‘French Bros’ ‘acmino’ house, warrnambool, f. earl, history of warrnambool

This souvenir cup of the Coronation of King George VI of England in 1937 was the official design of the British Pottery Manufacturers Federation. Good quality souvenirs such as this one sold well in Australia in the Coronation year and are collected still today. The Coronation was held in Westminster Abbey in London on 12th May 1937 following the abdication of King George’s brother, Edward VIII, in December 1936. The Coronation was celebrated with the issue of medals, coins, stamps, official and unofficial gatherings and the production of memorabilia. The Coronation was the first to be filmed and broadcast on radio and the first to feature an outside television broadcast. This souvenir cup is of interest as an example of the type of souvenir sold in Australia in 1937 to commemorate the Coronation of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth of England. It is an attractive item and will be useful for display. This is a souvenir cup issued for the coronation of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth in May 1937. It is made of white china with the body of the cup tapering slightly to the top rim. One side of the cup features a colour image of a crown, a wreath and the initials ‘G’ and ‘E’ and the other side has a colour image of King George and Queen Elizabeth, with a crown on top and encircled by leaves and acorns from an oak tree. The names of the king and queen are printed around the rim of the cup and there are other phrases in French around and under the images of the couple. ‘Coronation of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth May 1937’ ‘Honi Soit Qui Mal Y Pense’ ‘Dieu et Mon Droit’ coronation of king george vi and queen elizabeth of england, history of warrnambool

This post card has been sent from a military camp in England by Private George Hall to his niece Myra. Private Hall was a farmer from Purnim who enlisted in August 1915 (14th Battalion, 15 Reinforcement Group). He was aged 30 at the time. He left Australia in 1916 and transferred to 3 Field Artillery Brigade. He returned to Australia in 1919. The card gives no details of Private Hall’s activities at the time but indicates that he had sent several post cards to members of his family. This post card is of interest as an example of the many beautiful embroidered post cards that were sent by Australian soldiers to family members during World War One. The cards were usually made in France and sent from there but in this case was sent from England. The card is also of interest because it is a personal message sent from a local soldier from Purnim during World War One This is a post card from World War One. It has a written message on the back from Private George Hall to his niece Myra and it has a piece of embroidery on the front of the card. This depicts a black cat with the British colours of red, white and blue around its collar and other ornaments – a white horseshoe, a Union Jack, a white pedestal and red, green and white greenery. The words ‘Good Luck’ are stitched in yellow. The stitching is on white silk which is somewhat stained. There is a crimped border in lightweight cardboard around the embroidery. The message on the back is written in pencil.‘Dear Myra, Just this P.C. to let you see I have not forgotten you. Hope you are quite well. I have sent you & Dorry a lot of P. cards from England. I hope you get them all right. Your poor old Uncle George, 4821, 40 Bat. Worgret Camp, Wareham, Dorset. Wishing you all a very Merry Xmas & Happy New Year XXXX Nov. 24th -11-16.private george hall, world war one, world war one embroidered postcards, history of warrnambool

These medals were produced for Anzac Day 1918 by the Education Department of Victoria and made by the Melbourne firm, Stokes and Son. They were issued to Victorian school children and also sold to aid the war effort. These medals have no particular local provenance but are retained for display purposes..1 A silver-coloured metal medal with an image of an A.I F. soldier and printed words on the obverse side and a banner and decorative leaves and printed words on the reverse side. The medal has a metal circular piece at the top for attachment to a ribbon or cord. .2 as above except that the medal is bronze-coloured. EDV Gallipoli France Palestine Anzac Day 1918 Honor to the AIF S & S world war one, history of warrnambool, anzac day

The badge predates 1917 and was a fund raiser in Australia for the war effort. It is one of the many badges produced during World War One.This badge is retained as an example of badges made for gaining funds for the War effort during World War One.Circular painted, slightly concave, metal badge. The front features a cream map of Australia on a blue background. Inside the map is an image of six flags Belgium. France, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia and Italy and red text in a small scroll. Underneath the map is further text. There is a pin clip on the reverse.ALLIES FOR FREEDOM AND LIFEallies, world war one, war effort fundraising

Charles Gordon Watts-Phillips was born in 1849 at Forest Hill, Surrey, England, the son of Dramatic Author, Watts Phillips, and Lily Mariner. He departed England for Australia around 1874. His sister Roland was a favourite Australian actress of the early 1900s. Gordon as he was known, whilst residing in Goolwa, South Australia and working as a clerk met and married a widow, Jane Luxon (nee Miller) on the 7th August, 1876 at the Wesleyan Church in Strathalbyn, South Australia. Jane, Gordon’s elder by some 11 years was born in Ireland in 1838, the daughter of Robert Joseph Miller, a carpenter and Jane Miller. She had previously married Captain William Luxon in 1861 at Encounter Bay, South Australia at age 22 and they had four children: William (1864), George Robert (1865), Miriam Louisa (1867) and Harriet Jane (1869), all born at Encounter Bay. Gordon and Jane had two further children together: Caroline Roland Watts-Phillips (1877 Islington S.A.) and Charles Gordon Watts-Phillips (1879 Yatala, S.A.). At some stage, Jane then deserted her husband. Gordon obtained a master's certificate and was a part owner of a small trader. He had also been captain of one of the passenger boats on the Darling River. He was reputedly a popular coastal skipper. By 1891 Gordon was the Captain of the S.S Omeo operating around Sale, Victoria. In August of that year some of the heaviest flooding of the Thomson River ever experienced in twenty years occurred over the 3rd and 4th of August. Gordon, and others, rescued the lives of many families over that period for which he was awarded a Bronze Medal by the Royal Humane Society. By 1892 the S.S. Omeo had passed to another Captain and Gordon subsequently retired from the sea and moved to Melbourne. Whilst residing in Coburg, Victoria, Gordon met Mary Hilda Harvey Huxley who was living in Brunswick. Mary was born in Horsham, the daughter of George Harry Huxley, a miner, and Emma Deane. Having not heard from Jane for some years and believing her dead, Gordon and Mary marry at Carlton on Christmas Eve, 1900. Interestingly, an announcement of the marriage was not placed in The Age newspaper until September 1903, nearly three years after the event by which time Gordon and Mary had a son, Victor Gordon Watts-Phillips, born 8 February 1903 in Carlton. Within months of the placement of this marriage announcement, his former wife, Jane, makes a reappearance but apparently does not interfere and Mary and Gordon continue to live together as husband and wife. Around the same time in late 1903, Gordon’s brother, Basil Watts Phillip wrote from London to the Victoria Police seeking assistance to locate his brother. He had last heard from him in a letter dated Cunninghame, Gippsland, 1891. He indicated that about 1893 Gordon and Jane and their two children were living at Beaconsfield Parade, Albert Park but the whereabouts of all was now unknown. He mentioned Gordon had also been awarded 21 guineas by Judge Boucaut on the 26th February 1884, also a silver medal, for arresting two ruffians who had brutally assaulted a jockey (in South Australia) and that he had been awarded the Royal Humane Society's medal, London, and in 1891, was presented with the Royal Humane Society's certificate of merit (Victoria). Basil also stated his brother had lost the sight of one eye through a stab he received in New York and had a scar on his temple, one on the wrist, two under the shoulder blade, and one on the thigh, and two bullet wounds in the leg. Basil’s quest was published in the Melbourne Herald and assistance was soon forthcoming to the Police. In June 1906 Gordon made his Will, leaving all his estate to his youngest son Victor. Mary was appointed Executrix and it was witnessed by Olive Huxley, married woman, and James Huxley, a pottery maker. James was subsequently killed in France in May 1918. Gordon and Mary have a second son, Basil Douglas born in Carlton in 1911 but he dies as toddler in 1913. At some point Gordon and Mary made their home at Eltham though official electoral roll records record them at Little Flinders Street Melbourne, employed as a caretaker and from 1906 in Brunswick as a decorator then painter. Eltham may have been a ‘holiday’ home but it seems Mary was actively engaged in the community as a newspaper report in the Advertiser in 1922 not long after Gordon’s death indicates Mary was one of the best known and best liked ladies of the Eltham district. She was actively engaged in all matters, tending towards the welfare of the district. At the time of Gordon’s death Mary was president of the Ladies' Public Hall Committee, responsible for the conduct of numerous, and successful entertainments. Gordon’s first and only legal wife, Jane Luxon Watts-Phillips nee Miller, died 6 November 1921 and was buried 8 November 1921 at Springvale Cemetery. Jane had lived 34 years in South Australia and 30 years in Victoria. With Jane now dead, Gordon was now officially a widower and just three weeks later, the retired master mariner of Eltham at age 55 remarried Mary, 42, of 174 Hickford Street, East Brunswick on the 29th November 1921 in the Parish of St Cuthbert, East Brunswick. Gordon died at their home, ‘The Rest’, at 174 Hickford Street, East Brunswick on February 9, 1922 and was buried at Eltham Cemetery on February 11. An interesting link is established with the heavy floods of August 1891 by the erection of a tombstone in the Eltham cemetery. The stone bears the inscription: - “In loving memory of (Captain) Gordon, dearly beloved husband of Mary Watts Phillips. Died 9th February 1922, aged 62 years." Beside the stone is a replica, carved in a marble scroll, of the Royal Humane Society of Australia's Certificate of merit. Part of the wording of this certificate is as follows:- “At a general court of directors holder at the offices of the society at Melbourne on the 6th day of September 1891, it was resolved that the courage and humanity displayed by Gordon Watts Phillips aged 30-years captain of S.S. Omeo, Sale, in rescuing many families from drowning during the heavy floods on Thomson River on 3rd and 4th of August 1891 call for the admiration of the court, and justly entitles him to the certificate of merit of this society, which is hereby awarded." Unbeknownst to Gordon, his second and subsequent legal marriage to Mary initiated a revocation of his Will of 1906, which had solely benefited his son Victor. Consequently, Mary had to apply for Letters of Administration and the only legal beneficiaries would be Mary and his two children by Jane. On June 18, 1940, at age 61, Mary married 70-year-old Arthur Ernest Fenn in Melbourne. Unfortunately for her, Arthur died a year later in July 1941 and was buried in the Cohuna Cemetery near Echuca. Mary lived a further 8 years, passing away suddenly July 4, 1948 in Carlton, and was buried July 7 with her beloved husband Gordon, at Eltham Cemetery. In Loving Memory of (Captain) Gordon Dearly beloved husbandof Mary Watts-Phillips Died 9th Feb. 1922, aged 62 years Also Mary Hilda Loved wife of above Died 4th July 1948 "At rest"Born Digitaleltham cemetery, gravestones, (captain) gordon watts-phillips, mary hilda harvey watts-phillips (nee huxley)

Private George Alfred Williams Service number 70 Final Rank Private Unit 13 Fld.Amb. Conflict/Operation First World War, 1914-1918 Rolls First World War Nominal Roll: Unit 13 Fld.Amb. Conflict First World War, 1914-1918 Rank Private Timeline Date of enlistment 22 September 1914 Date of fate 17 September 1918 Father W.A. Williams of Belle Vue, Eltham Promoted to Corporal 15 March 1916 and transferred to 6th Field Ambulance Transferred to 13th Field Ambulance 9.2.17 Made temporary Sergeant from 27 April to 26 May 1918 whilst his unit awaited a replacement Sergeant at which point he reverted to Corporal. Died of shrapnel wounds to his left side and face received in action with the 4th Australian Field Ambulance in France, 17 Sep. 1918 His mother, Mary Ann Williams (nee Kidd) gave written permission for him to enlist In his Will he left all his effects to his mother.. Williams George Alfred : SERN 70 : POB Heidleberg VIC : POE Broadmeadows VIC : NOK F Williams W A https://recordsearch.naa.gov.au/SearchNRetrieve/Interface/DetailsReports/ItemDetail.aspx?Barcode=1807628&isAv=Nmarg ball collection, 1914, george alfred williams, tesla studios photographer 244 chapel st prahran

Private George Alfred Williams Service number 70 Final Rank Private Unit 13 Fld.Amb. Conflict/Operation First World War, 1914-1918 Rolls First World War Nominal Roll: Unit 13 Fld.Amb. Conflict First World War, 1914-1918 Rank Private Timeline Date of enlistment 22 September 1914 Date of fate 17 September 1918 Father W.A. Williams of Belle Vue, Eltham Promoted to Corporal 15 March 1916 and transferred to 6th Field Ambulance Transferred to 13th Field Ambulance 9.2.17 Made temporary Sergeant from 27 April to 26 May 1918 whilst his unit awaited a replacement Sergeant at which point he reverted to Corporal. Died of shrapnel wounds to his left side and face received in action with the 4th Australian Field Ambulance in France, 17 Sep. 1918 His mother, Mary Ann Williams (nee Kidd) gave written permission for him to enlist In his Will he left all his effects to his mother.. Williams George Alfred : SERN 70 : POB Heidleberg VIC : POE Broadmeadows VIC : NOK F Williams W A https://recordsearch.naa.gov.au/SearchNRetrieve/Interface/DetailsReports/ItemDetail.aspx?Barcode=1807628&isAv=Nmarg ball collection, george alfred williams, 1918, aif, first world war, honour roll

Tags were used to identify wounded or deceased soldiers. All soldiers were issued two tags: one to stay with the body and the other to go to the person in charge of the burial for record-keeping purposesRossac Henry Claude 1737 25 Btn....Left Aus 20 08 15 Born India Patna 14 7 1892 Enlisted Queensland Sent to Alexandria Landed Gallipoli 12 10 1915 France Marseille 19 3 16 wia 9 10 17 (France) returned to Aus for discharge (medical) 21 04 18 Awards1914-15 star British War MedalVictory Medal WWII V18817 Enlisted Royal Park served 1939-45 His daughter Mena Roussac also enlisted 2 tID tags for Henry Claude Roussac 1737 Signaller 25 Bn Ist AIF one is round made of brownish fibre board and the other is oval made of aluminiumFibre tag Roussac H C 1737 25 BN AI Bapt The other aluminium Sig. Roussac1737 25 Batt A.I.F.roussac henry, id tags, dog tags wwi, gallipoli, 25 bn. 1st a i f

.1) William Edgar Stanbury No 997 enlisted on 26.2.1916 age 21 years in C Coy 38th Bn AIF, embarked for England 20.6.1916, hospital at sea with Measles, embarked for France 22.11.1916, WIA GSW to hand 8.6.1917, rejoin unit 5.8.1917, awarded “MM” 4.10.1917, made L/Cpl 8.11.1917, WIA 2nd occasion 31.8 1918 wounds to leg & chest, embark for Australia 25.1.1919, discharged from the AIF 30.4.1919. “MM” Military Medal East of Ypres. Being held up by 2 enemy machine gunners and on his own initiative worked forward sniping the gunners enabling others to advance and capture the garrison of 2 Officers and 20 OR’s. Throughout the day exhibited great coolness and disregard of self and by his skilful sniping enabled his Platoon to advance against other enemy strongpoints. .2) Stanbury seated, Leslie W Clark standing (Possibly 2087 Leslie William Clark) .3) Stanbury right Photos B & W, soldiers in uniform, studio background. .1) Edgar Stanbury standing, L/Cpl stripe on arm, “MM” ribbon on jacket. .2) Leslie Clark standing, Edgar Stanbury sitting. .3) Unknown on the left, Edgar Stanbury on the right, “MM” ribbon on jacket.photographs, 38th bn, “mm”, c coy

Both photos are Charles Barkell No 811 C Coy 38th Bn AIF. Enlisted 29.2.1916 age 21 years 11 months, embarked for England 20.6.1916, hospital at sea with Chill, embark for France 22.11.1916, hospital 7.1.1917 with Mumps, rejoin unit 30.1.1917, made L/Cpl 4.6.1917, Cpl 7.10.1917, WIA 19.5.1918 SW shoulder contusion severe, rejoin unit 4.9.1918, RTA 27.5.1919, discharged from the AIF 4.9.1919.Photos sepia tone rectangular shape, same soldier in uniform, studio background. .1) Soldier standing hands behind his back. .2) Soldier sitting astride a small table, Cpl stripes on arm.photographs, 38th bn, c coy

.1) Norman Victor Harbourd No 908. Norman had pre war service. Enlisted 16.2.1916 in C Coy 38th Bn age 21 years, embarked for England 20.6.1916, hospital with Chill at sea, hospital 24.8.1916 with Measles then Influenza, embark for France 22.11.1916, made Cpl 14.12.1916, hospital 27.1.1917 with Gastro Enteritis, rejoin unit 4.2.1917, WIA 25.2.1917 GSW Face & Right Thigh, medically downgraded, RTA with Defective Vision, discharged from the AIF 9.2.1919 Medically unfit. .2) Sitting on left is Norman, rear right is Lachlan Wells Harbourd, the others unknown at this point. Lachlan Wells Harbourd No 909. Lachlan had pre War service. Enlisted 16.2.1916 in C Coy 38th Bn age 18 years 5 months, embark for England 20.6.1916, hospital at sea with Tonsilitis, embark for France 22.11.1916, hospital 23.11.16 with Mumps, rejoin unit 4.1.1917, WIA 7/9.6.1917 GSW Chest, rejoin unit 27.10.1917, made L/Cpl 17.8.1918, WIA 2nd occasion 24.8.1918 GSW Right Thigh, RTA 2.3.1919, discharged from the AIF 3.8.1919.Photos,1 sepia, 1 B & W, soldiers in uniform in studio background. .1) Soldier standing with Cpl stripes on arm holding a crop. .2) Four soldiers, two standing 2 sitting one with Cpl stripes, both sitting have crops..2) on rear, “With best love from your loving Bro’s Norman, Lachlan”photographs, 38th bn, c coy

.1) William James Hogan No 1645 38th Bn, original photo, refer Cat No 1510 for service details. .2) Charles Ernest Newton MM, No 951 enlisted on 25.3.1916 in C Coy 38th Bn age 20 years 3 months, embark for England 20.6.1916, embark for France 22.11.1916, made L/Cpl 4.6.1917, WIA 7.4.1917 Gassed, rejoin unit 22.8.1917, hospital 13.10.1917 with P.U.O then Influenza, rejoin unit 10.1.1918, Made Cpl 17.8.1918, awarded “MM” 26/31st August 1918 near Clery sur Somme, WIA 2nd occasion 2.9.1918 Gas poisoning, rejoin unit 16.1.1919, RTA 22.9.1919, discharged from the AIF 1.2.1920. Refer also 5039.3P.Two photos 1 sepia 1 B & W portraits of soldiers in uniform no hats on. .1) Soldier arms crossed Sgt stripes on arm. .2) Soldier with “MM” ribbon on..1) On rear, “France 8.1.1919, To Tead from Bill, memories of Paris Trip 1918”. On front, “ W.J.Hogan, yours sincerely 9.1.1919”. .2) On rear, “C.E.Newton”.photographs, 38th bn, c coy, mm

J.L.K. Myers No 593 enlisted on 22.2.1916 in B Coy 38th Bn age 26 years 5 months, embark for England 20.6.1916, embark for France 22.6.1916, WIA 17.11.1917 remaining on duty, made L/Cpl 17.8.1918, KIA 8.9.1918..1) Photo B & W showing a grave, in rear are tress and two other graves. .2) One page of what was a double page to hold .1) photo, greyish colour, opposite side is the main front page with a Rising Sun badge and “Australian Imperial Force.” Other side has the Soldiers details and where buried..1) & .2) Main points, “James Leonard Kennedy Myers No 593 KIA 8.9.1918, buried Rosiel Commonwealth Cemetery”photographs, graves, 38th bn, b coy

The photo was taken in Amesbury England in the latter part of 1916. The letter is from William Henry Myers No 594 to his Mother describing the photo as a “break up” and he looked like he got a fright in it. It is believed he is 1st on right rear. W.H.Myers No 594 enlisted on 22.2.1916 in B Coy 38th BN age 25 years, embark for England 20.6.1916, embark for France 22.11.1916, made L/Cpl 25.11.1917, WIA 1.10.1918 GSW Left Eye/Face, 19.2.1919 Left Eye “Excised”, RTA 15.5.1919, discharged from the AIF 27.9.1919..1) Post card photo sepia tone rectangular shape shows three soldiers standing and one siting, studio background. Letter in black pencil on the back, front in blue pen. .2) same photo as .1) with no text front or rear..1) on front, “With kind regards Bill”. photographs, 38th bn, b coy

Corp H.A.Donovan appears to be Herbert Allen Donovan No 448 A Coy 38th Bn, enlisted 31.3.1916 age 21 years, embark for England 20.6.1916, embark for France 22.11.1916, hospital 23.11.1916 with Mumps, rejoin unit 26.1.1917, WIA remaining on duty 7/9.6 1917, WIA 19.6.1917 SW left leg, rejoin unit 27.10.1917, made Cpl, WIA 3rd occasion 29.9.1918 GSW Face, while in England transfers to HQ’s London 28.12.1918, RTA 15.11.1919, discharged from the AIF 4.5.1920..Cigarette case metal near square shape with folding lid, front has been inscribed to make a total of 7 lines in all, rear has very ornate inscribed letters making difficult to work out, inside is a very gold colour with several manufacturers marks on.On front, “Presented to Corp H.A.Donovan from F.K.Shultze for his services in the Great War 1914 - 18, A token of affection from England”. On inside imprinted very small/hard to read, “2079 4”. Inside small shield shape “WN Ltd” then 3 small symbols appearing to be an “anchor, lion, t”containers, cigarettes, 38th bn, a coy

The silk card were created by French women during the First World War. The women would create these in there homes as a way to earn an income during the tuff times. The silk mesh was embroidered by the women and was later sent to factories to be placed on the cards. According to the Australian war memorial website there were 10 million of the cards made between 1914-1919. This card in particular was sent from John (Jack) McIntyre to his mother for her birthday. J. McIntyre served in the first world war, first arrived in Egypt in 1915, then to the Western front in France in July 1916. He was servery injured during his time in France and was sent to the Hospital in England. After the war finished Jack travelled back to Australia and lived in Lara with his brother and sister.This card is significant as it is a reflection on the communication between families during the First World War. It also is a symbol of the way women in France made their money during the tuff timesA birthday card with silk on the front of the card. It has pink flowers stitched into the silk and says 'happy birthday'On the front it has 'Happy Birthday" "Remembrance" On the first page in the inside "Remembrance" "To mother" "From Jack" "France 1918" On the second page in the inside: "Wishes are nothing; t'is the heart That in the few lines dwells And says to those from us apart More that the greeting tells" birthday card, mother, son, mcintyre, world war 1, ww1, happy birthday, handmade, silk, embroidered

Sweetheart cards WW1 Woven silk postcards were produced in Krefeld in 1898 , Germany. Embroidered silk postcard were first made in Paris in 1900. The popularity of the silk postcard peaked during World War 1. The different examples shown reflect what, and to whom the soldiers sent them to during this period. An estimated 10 million hand made cards were produced from 1915 1919. Tjhe cards were generally hand embroidered by French women in their homes on strips of silk mesh, with as many as 25 on strip. They were then sent to a factory for cutting and mounting on postcards. Rectangular post cards , cream coloured with silk embroided silk motifs on the frontpostcards, sweetheart cards, silk embroidered cards, world war 1, lara rsl, france

France Post ww1 Photo Postcards showing building and bomb damage sustained during ww1.Rectangular in shape,Khaki in colour. Made from Paper and CardboardPostcard Book - Cathedrale De Reims - Apres Bombardements. 24CARTES POSTALS. Textes Francais et Anglais. ND. Phot.cards. picture post cards. lara r.s.l.

Regarding P Sexton. There is a Patrick Sexton listed in the 59th Batt roll No 3243a. The trench art was in the collection of James Worland Mills No 3441 59th Batt AIF. Refer 169P, 166.3, 167.6. Map of Australia made from spent munitions brass; engraved with picture of soldier holding a banner.'59th Btn.' - written on Union Jack in corner of banner. 'Australia for Ever' written on 2nd banner. 'CD' written between soldier's feet. Other inscriptions: 'France 12.7.18', and 'P. Sexton Ville-Sur Ancre Somme.arms-ammunition, trench art

Carl Herman Jess (Sir) CB, CMG, CBE, OBE, DSO had a long distinguished career. This is a very brief summary. Joined the Victorian Volunteer Cadets 1899 to 1906, joined the permanent Military Forces 1906 No 86 age 23 years 4 months and rose through the ranks to Captain when he enlisted in the AIF as a Capt in 4th INF Brigade HQ age 30 years on 23.9.1914, embark for Egypt 22.12.1914, embark for Gallipoli 22.12.1914, promoted to Major 23.5.1915 and transfers to 2nd INF Brigade, awarded MID 12.6.1915, promoted Lt Col and to Command 7th Batt, embark for France 13.4.1916, awarded MID 13.11.1916, awarded Order of the White Eagle (Serbian), he was Gassed but remained on duty at Pozieres, awarded DSO 1.1.1917, appointed Staff Officer HQ 1st Anzac Corps 12.3.1917 then T/Col, T/Brig General through to 7.10.1918, awarded MID and CMG, 1.10.1919 appointed Director General repatriation and demobilisation AIF, resigned appointed in England 21.3.1920. Post WW1 on return to Australia he served in many Military appointments including Honorary Colonel 7th and 38th Battalions.He was made a Knight Batchelor in 1935. On 3.9.1939 to 31.3.1946 No VP16098 during WW2 he served on the Australian Staff Corps, two of his main appointments being man power Dept Labour and national Service and the Women’s land Army, Awarded CB, he retired due to health reasons with the Rank of Lieut General.Framed Photograph. Black & White full length Portrait of Carl Herman Jess, 1884 - 1948. Commander 10th Infantry Brigade, Bendigo born. Frame - Moulded Timber, Painted Silver, glass front. Mount - dark grey cardboard with white inner mount.White print, left bottom corner of photograph "Carl Herman JESS/ 16 Feb 1884 - 16 June 1948" with brief synopsis of career. White print, right bottom corner of photograph, signature "Austin ???"history, photography, army, ww1

William James Hogan No 1645 enlisted on 1.3.16 in the 1st reinforcements 38th Batt AIF age 27 years 5 months, embarked 20.6.1916, made L/Cpl 11.11.1916, embark for France 22.11.1916, made Cpl 14.12.1916, promoted to SGT Cook 31.8.1918, discharged from the AIF on 20.9.19. Refer 1519P.Medal set, court mounted, set of (2) re W.J Hogan. 1. War Medal 1914-1919. 2. Victory Medal, replica not engraved."1645 SGT W.J Hogan 38 BN AIF"numismatics- medals - military, metalcraft

The cards relate to Stephen Nicholas Flett No 97 AIF. Refer 2113.15 for his service history. Photo album with 50 cigar pockets containing black & white, coloured or made of textiles, postcards from Aust, Great Britain, & France, and Christmas & birthday cards. All have writing on the back from different family members and/or sweetheart.books-albums, documents - postcards

The item was part of Jack Grintons film processing. This one he bought after the War. He served as No 1043, 38th Batt AIF 1916-19. Part of the Grinton collection which included hundreds of negatives and developed photos that he took during the war. In England prior to France he spent many evenings processing his own photos. Refer Cat No 1280 for service details. Refer 1317P, 1320P, 1321.Wooden box with lid, three spools and two handles for winding film.On lid: "Made by Eastman Kodak, Rochester. NY USA. Patents: August 3 1902, May 21 1907. May 23 1905, Sep 17 1907. Jun 1908. 3 1/2 inch ODEL-B-2"photography-processing equipment, containers - commercial, grinton

The letter is mostly about the training for and the raid which was carried out by a large group made up from the 37th and 38th Battalions AIF on the 27th February 1917. The raid which only lasted some 35 minutes was very successful and was known as the “Armentieres Raid”. Suggett was part of the raid. Robert John Suggett No 378 enlisted in A Coy 38th Batt on 24.2.1916 age 35 years 4 months. Embarked for England 20.6.1916, embarked for France 22.11.1916, hospital with Mumps 25.11.1916, return to unit 3.12.1916, promoted to Sgt 26.1.1917, Transfer to 3rd Div HQ 13.4.1917 to become part of Gas instruction and later Gas NCO, reverts to rank of Cpl 6.5.1917, WIA accidentally 24.9.1917 bombs wounds to right hand and knee, promoted Sgt 4.11.1917, hospital 9.2.1919 with Arthritis and then Tuberculosis, returns to Australia 6.5.1919 on Hospital ship classed incapacitated, discharged from the AIF 21.6.1920.Four page letter from Robert Suggett to his wife. Cream coloured paper with faint lines. Left edge of pages decorated with eight coloured flags on a flagpole. Letter is written in pencil and dated 1/3/17.documents-letters, military history, 38th

The card made by the 3rd Australian Tunnelling Coy AIF France.Christmas card with gold stamped rising sun badge. On Active Service with printed insetHandwritten on insert"Rose Lehmer/New South Wales/Brother Harry/Francedocuments-cards, christmas, aif