Showing 175 items
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Kiewa Valley Historical SocietySafety Helmet - SECV
Safety helmets were used by workers on the Kiewa Hydro Electric Scheme.While working at McKay Creek Power Station, Alec Menzies was hit on the head with a rock and fell about 10 metres. Luckily he survived, and after a stint in hospital he was admitted to what was known as the Turtle Club. Ref. Mal Menzies, his son.Cream coloured safety helmet with 3 ridges at the top from back to front. It is light in weight. Inside has an attached cloth band with 'netting' of 6 straps attached to band and an inner band. Underneath the shade, at the front, it is coloured green.Centre front - a sticker - "Member/ Turtle Club. Inside: embossed an oval shape with 'hard/soiled' in its middle and underneath also embossed E.D. Bullard Co. / S.F. U.S.A.safety helmet, mckay creek power station, alec menzies, turtle club -
Kiewa Valley Historical SocietyTools - Hand Augers - small x3
Used by turning the auger around to create a round hole.Used by residents of the Kiewa ValleySmall steel hand auger tools with a wooden handle. Used for digging more shallow holes eg. gathering soil samples and making post holes -
Kiewa Valley Historical SocietyPloughshare
The ploughshare cuts grass and soil loosening or turning the soil before sowing seed or planting. Ploughs were drawn by oxen and horses. Now drawn by tractors.Farmers in the Kiewa Valley used ploughs before tractors became available.Formerly KV 060. Made of steel and a component of a plough. It is the cutting or leading edge of a mouldboard which closely follows the coulter wen ploughing. Attached picture shows the ploughshare as part of a plough. Ref. Farmyard Relics by Ken Arnold Page 49ploughshare, agriculture, farming crops -
Kiewa Valley Historical SocietyBook - Non Fiction History, Honour Roll - South Africa 1899 - 1902 Albury-Wodonga and District Residents Who Served In The Boer War, reprinted 03/2008
Historical information of soldiers from the Albury-Wodonga district who fought in the Boer War in South Africa 1899 - 1902. In 1996 the then curator for the 8/13 VMR Museum, the Hon Colonel John Neale, commissioned the author to research a group of returned servicemen and women from the Boer War and had lived within 100 km radius of the Albury/Wodonga townships.The Boer War was the second war in South Africa and was the result of heavy taxes and non voting rights of the local white Boer population. Colonial forces including the Australian Light Horse contingent where called upon by England to overthrow the rebellion. This War was the first engagement of Australian troops fighting on foreign soil.This Honour Roll details the pay rates, the battle highlights, weapons used and maps covering the first Australian contingent of soldiers who fought in the Transvaal (Boer War).. Listed are the names of those soldiers who lived within 100klms of Albury and Wodonga.The soldiers are listed by Location, Rank, Initial,Name and Unit. The significance of both the War and those who served in it is two fold. Firstly it demonstrates that the tie between the Colonial outreaches of England's Empire to "the Motherland" were extremely strong at this point in time. This union remained strong up until the middle of World War II when England could not help Australia to defend itself against possible invasion by Japan. The alliance between Australia and the United States of America replaced the British/Australian pact. Secondly the attitude of, and the high degree of horsemanship of those from the Albury and Wodonga area. The degree of adaptability, by these servicemen, to suit the environment in which they fought provided the first real insight into the Australian psyche "of those living and surviving on the harsh Australian outback"This book has a bright red soft cover and is bound with bright yellow tape. There is a drawing of two Australian soldiers on the front, one on horsebackAuthor's complimentary inscription "To Mount Beauty Museum with compliments" signed Ian R Docking history, boer war, ex-servicemen and women, albury and wodonga -
Kiewa Valley Historical SocietyPhotograph KHS Rail, Kiewa Hydroelectric Scheme Railway, Circa1940s
This photograph shows part of the railway constructed and used for the removal of soil and rocks from the tunnels bored out of the mountains for the pipeline servicing the Hydro Electricity power stations in the Kiewa Hydroelectric Scheme. This photo details an era when there were 4,000 construction workers located in two main accommodation camps, Mount Beauty (the larger one) and Bogong village. These accommodation sites were constructed and maintained as a secured or gated residential area with access only available by a special pass authorised by the Kiewa Hydroelectric Scheme. All the power used by the rail system was from electric motors connected to batteries. Overhead power poles seen on either side of the embankment details that electricity from the Scheme was in use. This use was cleaner and more environmentally friendly than the coal still used by large locomotives from city to country railways. The worker shown is not however wearing protective head and hand coverings. This is also an era where there was a lack of health and safety legislation covering workers in dangerous working conditions.Scanned photo of original black and white photo on Kodak XtraLife II paper. Picture is of a section of railway track servicing the tunnels of the Hydroelectric scheme during the 1940s - 1950sOn back of photo "Kodak XtraLife II paper"railway in kiewa electric scheme, tunneling -
Kiewa Valley Historical SocietyPhotograph of Rail Mounted Battery operated soil Bucket, between 1941 and 1946
This machine was in use in the 1940's during the construction of the tunnels for the Hydro Electric scheme. This particular photograph was taken in the Tailrace Tunnel which brings water from West Kiewa Power Station to the open tailrace in Mt. Beauty and then into the regulating pondage before discharge into the Kiewa River. This machine (or one similar) is on display on the Northern side of the entrance to the Visitor's Centre. The tailrace tunnel (or West Kiewa tunnel) was commenced in 1947 from both ends and the breakthrough occurred on 22nd. July, 1950Shows the size of the tunnel and the machinery used for excavation in the 1940's/50's.Black and white photographHandwritten on back of photograph "Jumbo" in Tailrace Tunneltunnel, machinery, water, tail race -
Kiewa Valley Historical SocietyPhotograph Tobacco planting, Planting Tobacco seeding, Circa mid to late 1900's
This promotional photograph by the Tobacco Growers Association was in response to a 1935 meeting of tobacco growers from Victoria, South Australia and Queensland which produced four major resolutions for the industry covering the remainder of the 1900s. These four resolutions were: (1) Adequate tariff protection (2) Control of pests and diseases (3) Orderly marketing (4) The formation of an advisory council of growers. History has produced the following results. (1) adequate tariff protection was never achieved,(2) control of disease through benzol vapour (CSIRO) breakthrough, was later identified as carcinogenic, (3) orderly marketing was achieved through (4) the establishment of the Tobacco Growers Association(1984). In October 2006, by way of Government buy back of tobacco leases from growers, resulted in the end of Tobacco farming in Australia (after 136 years of planting the first crop). It was also significant that the major tobacco companies such as Philip Morris and The British American Tobacco Australasia advised the industry that it would source its tobacco requirements overseas by 2009.The remnants of the Tobacco Industry can still be viewed throughout the Kiewa Valley and adjacent regions on the former tobacco farms which still have the tobacco drying sheds and now converted into hay sheds. The problems from the large quantities of carcinogenic infused soil of farmlands in the region, still remains a problem now and for future generations. This particular photograph shows the lack of understanding by farmers and the contracted labour, at that time, and is demonstrated by the bare footed farmer walking next to the seed canister. Some workers did use protective "gum" boots but the majority of farm owners were skeptical of city scientists and their carcinogenic concerns, and it was only after the younger generation of farmers , who had attended Agricultural colleges, encompassed the scientific approach to farm management and began working closely with agricultural scientists. The "she'll be right mate" attitude of the earlier farming/rural community has since mid 1970s, been slowly dissipating. Stricter controls of herbicides and pesticides used in agriculture are now in force. The death of the tobacco industry(2006) resulted in the expansion of the dairy , sheep, beef cattle, venison and lama wool producers in the Kiewa Valley and surrounding regions.Coloured photograph pasted onto a thick wood chip backing. Two galvanised eyelets at the top of the frame, 50mm from each end, with a twine cord stretch from each, for hanging purposes. See also KVHS 0054(B) to KVHS 0054(F)A sign, which has been removed from the picture at some previous point in time is "The Tobacco seed, being so fine, is suspended in water and sown onto the seed base using a watering can [as in the photo] or similar device - August - Sept."tobacco, farming, rural industry, licences, ollie mould, blue mould, benzol vapour -
Kiewa Valley Historical SocietyPhotograph Tobacco seedlings, Pulling tobacco seedlings for Planting, Circa mid to late 1900s
This promotional photograph by the Tobacco Growers Association was in response to a 1935 meeting of tobacco growers from Victoria, South Australia and Queensland which produced four major resolutions for the industry covering the remainder of the 1900s. These four resolutions were: (1) Adequate tariff protection (2) Control of pests and diseases (3) Orderly marketing (4) The formation of an advisory council of growers. History has produced the following results. (1) adequate tariff protection was never achieved,(2) control of disease through benzol vapour (CSIRO) breakthrough, was later identified as carcinogenic, (3) orderly marketing was achieved through (4) the establishment of the Tobacco Growers Association(19840. In October 2006, by way of Government buy back of tobacco leases from growers, resulted in the end of Tobacco farming in Australia (after 136 years of planting the first crop). It was also significant that the major tobacco companies such as Philip Morris and The British American Tobacco Australasia advised the industry that it would source its tobacco requirements overseas by 2009.The death of the tobacco industry(2006) resulted in the expansion of the dairy , sheep, beef cattle, venison and lama wool producers in the Kiewa Valley and surrounding regions. The remnants of the Tobacco Industry can still be viewed throughout the Kiewa Valley and adjacent regions on the former tobacco farms which still have the tobacco drying sheds and now converted into hay sheds. The problems from the large quantities of carcinogenic infused soil of farmlands in the region, still remains a problem now and for future generations. This particular photograph shows the lack of understanding by farmers and the contracted labour, at that time, and is demonstrated by the lack of protection of hands when handling seedlings and attached soil. Hand and foot protection was rarely used, even when later warnings were issued of the carcinogenic toxicity of the soil. The majority of farm owners, up until Health authorities stepped in the later stages of 1900s, were skeptical of city scientists' "carcinogenic" health warnings and it was only after the younger generation of farmers, who had graduated from Agricultural colleges, encompassed the scientific approach to farm management. The "she'll be right mate" attitude of the farming/rural community has since the 1970s been slowly dissipating. Stricter controls of herbicides and pesticides used in agriculture are now in force.Coloured photograph pasted onto a thick wood chip backing. Two galvanised eyelets at the top of the frame, 50mm from each end, with a twine cord stretch from each, for hanging purposes. See also KVHS 0054A, KVHS0054C to KVHS 0054FA sign, which has been removed from the picture at some previous point in time is "Pulling seedlings for planting"tobacco, farming, rural industry, licences, ollie mould, blue mould, benzol vapour, photograph -
Kiewa Valley Historical SocietyPhotograph Topping Tobacco, Tobacco being topped (removal of flower), Circa mid to late 1900's
This promotional photograph by the Tobacco Growers Association was in response to a 1935 meeting of tobacco growers from Victoria, South Australia and Queensland which produced four major resolutions for the industry covering the remainder of the 1900s. These four resolutions were: (1) Adequate tariff protection (2) Control of pests and diseases (3) Orderly marketing (4) The formation of an advisory council of growers. History has produced the following results. (1) adequate tariff protection was never achieved,(2) control of disease through benzol vapour (CSIRO) breakthrough, was later identified as carcinogenic, (3) orderly marketing was achieved through (4) the establishment of the Tobacco Growers Association(1984). In October 2006, by way of Government buy back of tobacco leases from growers, resulted in the end of Tobacco farming in Australia (after 136 years of planting the first crop). It was also significant that the major tobacco companies such as Philip Morris and The British American Tobacco Australasia advised the industry that it would source its tobacco requirements overseas by 2009.The remnants of the Tobacco Industry can still be viewed throughout the Kiewa Valley and adjacent regions on the former tobacco farms which still have the tobacco drying sheds and now converted into hay sheds. The problems from the large quantities of carcinogenic infused soil of farmlands in the region, still remains a problem now and for future generations. This particular photograph shows the lack of understanding by farmers and the contracted labour, at that time, and is demonstrated by the lack of protection of hands when handling seedlings and attached soil. Hand and foot protection was rarely used, even when later warnings were issued of the carcinogenic toxicity of the soil. The majority of farm owners, up until Health authorities stepped in the latter stages of 1900s, were skeptical of city scientists' "carcinogenic" health warnings and it was only after the younger generation of farmers, who had graduated from Agricultural colleges, encompassed the scientific approach to farm management. The "she'll be right mate" attitude of the farming/rural community has since the 1970s been slowly dissipating. Stricter controls of herbicides and pesticides used in agriculture are now in force. The death of the tobacco industry(2006) resulted in the expansion of the dairy , sheep, beef cattle, venison and lama wool producers in the Kiewa Valley and surrounding regions.Coloured photograph pasted onto a thick wood chip backing. Two galvanised eyelets at the top of the frame, 50mm from each end, with a twine cord stretch from each, for hanging purposes. See also KVHS 0054A ,KVHS 0054B and KVHC 0054D to KVHS 0054F A sign, which has been removed from the picture at some previous point in time is "The Tobacco crop being topped (flower removed)". tobacco, farming, rural industry, licences, ollie mould, blue mould, benzol vapour -
Kiewa Valley Historical SocietyPhotograph Tobacco plants, Tobacco fully grown prior to start picking, Circa mid to late 1900's
This promotional photograph by the Tobacco Growers Association was in response to a 1935 meeting of tobacco growers from Victoria, South Australia and Queensland which produced four major resolutions for the industry covering the remainder of the 1900s. These four resolutions were: (1) Adequate tariff protection (2) Control of pests and diseases (3) Orderly marketing (4) The formation of an advisory council of growers. History has produced the following results. (1) adequate tariff protection was never achieved,(2) control of disease through benzol vapour (CSIRO) breakthrough, was later identified as carcinogenic, (3) orderly marketing was achieved through (4) the establishment of the Tobacco Growers Association(1984). In October 2006, by way of Government buy back of tobacco leases from growers, resulted in the end of Tobacco farming in Australia (after 136 years of planting the first crop). It was also significant that the major tobacco companies such as Philip Morris and The British American Tobacco Australasia advised the industry that it would source its tobacco requirements overseas by 2009.The remnants of the Tobacco Industry can still be viewed throughout the Kiewa Valley and adjacent regions on the former tobacco farms which still have the tobacco drying sheds and now converted into hay sheds. The problems from the large quantities of carcinogenic infused soil of farmlands in the region, still remains a problem now and for future generations. This particular photograph shows the lack of understanding by farmers, at that time, and is demonstrated by the lack of protection of hands and no masks over their noses, when handling plants. Hand, nose and foot protection was rarely used, even when later warnings were issued of the carcinogenic toxicity of the soil. The majority of farm owners, up until Health authorities stepped in the latter stages of 1900s, were skeptical of city scientists' "carcinogenic" health warnings and it was only after the younger generation of farmers, who had graduated from Agricultural colleges, encompassed the scientific approach to farm management. The "she'll be right mate" attitude of the farming/rural community has since the 1970s been slowly dissipating. Stricter controls of herbicides and pesticides used in agriculture are now in force. The death of the tobacco industry(2006) resulted in the expansion of the dairy , sheep, beef cattle, venison and lama wool producers in the Kiewa Valley and surrounding regions.Coloured photograph pasted onto a thick wood chip backing. Two galvanised eyelets at the top of the frame, 50mm from each end, with a twine cord stretch from each, for hanging purposes. See also KVHS 0054A to KVHS 0054C and 0054E to KVHS 0054FA sign, which has been removed from the picture at some previous point in time is "The Tobacco fully grown prior to start picking"tobacco, farming, rural industry, licences, ollie mould, blue mould, benzol vapour -
Kiewa Valley Historical SocietyPhotograph Tobacco drying leaves, Inspecting Drying tobacco leaves, 1950's to 1999
This promotional photograph by the Tobacco Growers Association was in response to a 1935 meeting of tobacco growers from Victoria, South Australia and Queensland which produced four major resolutions for the industry covering the remainder of the 1900s. These four resolutions were: (1) Adequate tariff protection (2) Control of pests and diseases (3) Orderly marketing (4) The formation of an advisory council of growers. History has produced the following results. (1) adequate tariff protection was never achieved,(2) control of disease through benzol vapour (CSIRO) breakthrough, was later identified as carcinogenic, (3) orderly marketing was achieved through (4) the establishment of the Tobacco Growers Association(19840. In October 2006, by way of Government buy back of tobacco leases from growers, resulted in the end of Tobacco farming in Australia (after 136 years of planting the first crop). It was also significant that the major tobacco companies such as Philip Morris and The British American Tobacco Australasia advised the industry that it would source its tobacco requirements overseas by 2009.The remnants of the Tobacco Industry can still be viewed throughout the Kiewa Valley and adjacent regions on the former tobacco farms which still have the tobacco drying sheds and now converted into hay sheds. The problems from the large quantities of carcinogenic infused soil of farmlands in the region, still remains a problem now and for future generations. This particular photograph shows the lack of understanding by farmers and the contracted labour, at that time, and is demonstrated by the lack of protection of hands when handling the tobacco leaves and nose from tobacco dust. Hand and foot protection was rarely used, even when later warnings were issued of the carcinogenic toxicity of the soil. The majority of farm owners, up until Health authorities stepped in the later stages of 1900s, were skeptical of city scientists' "carcinogenic" health warnings and it was only after the younger generation of farmers, who had graduated from Agricultural colleges, encompassed the scientific approach to farm management. The "she'll be right mate" attitude of the farming/rural community has since the 1970s been slowly dissipating. Stricter controls of herbicides and pesticides used in agriculture are now in force. The death of the tobacco industry(2006) resulted in the expansion of the dairy , sheep, beef cattle, venison and lama wool producers in the Kiewa Valley and surrounding regions.Coloured photograph pasted onto a thick wood chip backing. Two galvanised eyelets at the top of the frame, 50mm from each end, with a twine cord stretch from each, for hanging purposes. See also KVHS 0054A to KVHS 0054D and KVHS 0054Ftobacco, farming, rural industry, licences, ollie mould, blue mould, benzol vapour, photograph -
Eltham District Historical Society IncPhotograph, Single Furrow Plough, Heritage Week, 1990, 1990
Colour photograph of a single-furrow plough used at Kangaroo Ground to plough heavy black soil, pulled by four Clydesdale horses.heritage week, eltham, courthouse, single furrow plough, sign, activities -
Warrnambool and District Historical Society Inc.Book, The Federal Arithmetic, Early 20th century
This is a Grade V Arithmetic book used by George Bonnett at Allans Forest School. The Bonnett family farmed in the Mepunga area on the Childers Cove Road. The Allans Forest State School, number 1086, was established in 1871 and closed in 1993. The first Head Teacher was Mr Bradhurst. The school closed in 1903 and re-opened in 1905 as a half-time school with Mepunga East and in 1908 it resumed as a full time school. This book is significant because it was used by George Bonnett at the Allans Forest State School and is a memento of both the Bonnett family of Mepunga and the Allans Forest State School, a school no longer existing. It is also of antiquarian interest as an example of arithmetic school text books used early in the 20th century. This is soft cover book of 128 pages. The cover is grey with black print and black lines around the edges of the front cover. The book has a prefatory note, arithmetical exercises and advertisements for other school text books published by Whitcombe and Tombs. The cover is torn and soiled and partly ripped away. There is handwriting in black ink on the first page.‘George H. Bonnett, Allans Forest State School’bonnett family, mepunga allans forest state school history of warrnambool -
Ringwood and District Historical Society
Biography, Ringwood and District Historical Society, Interview notes - short biography on Miss Daisy Paddock, teacher at Ringwood State School, circa 1970s, c.1970s
Single page of notes/interview record of Miss Daisy Paddock, teacher at the Ringwood State School in Greenwood Avenue (now Federation Estate) - Interview write-up by Ringwood History Group.Transcript: "Miss Janet Daisy Paddock She was an extremely well-liked and well-regarded teacher at the old RW State School in Greenwood Ave (Now Federation Estate). She taught between the years of 1927 until 1941, then again after the war from 1951 until final retirement in 1961. In fact she was so liked that her former pupils formed "The 2997 Club" , which met in her honour every year for a meal (and, of course, their guest of honour). 2997 was the RW SS number. In some of her letters about early life in RW, she recalls the RW Mail being produced and printed in a small wooden building in Adelaide St. [Adelaide St is officially no longer on the RW map but it went from the highway nearly to Mullum Creek, between Melbourne St and Warrandyte Road.^ In fact there is an unmarked 100 metres of road that is on the west side of Officeworks that ends in a roundabout at the bottom of Eastland carpark. I don't believe it is exactly in the same position as the old Adelaide Street but it pretty close. That would put the old Mail office in the vicinity of the Maroondah Council service centre in Eastland.] She also recalls that there were nearly a dam on every corner. In fact, I recall in my 1950s/60s childhood that there were still many dams around. As I previously mentioned, with the RW-Mitcham claybelt, there wasn't much top soil and the orange clay is very fine, so when the banks of the dam get wet, it wass very slippery. I often remember playing around in those dams, as most boys did in those days. A friend and I spied an old bath used to water some horses so after some trial and errors we made it waterproof and fashioned a couple of paddles out of wooden fence pailings. The first launch in the local dam was fine and we managed to manouver through the bullrushes into the middle. The only thing that I forgot about was that I had a d<^ that went everywhere with me and, rather than bark from the bank, he swam over to us and tried to get aboard. Bath tubs are not known for their seaworthness and he tipped us all in the drink. Of course the bath sank like a rock. We scrambled on the bank and he added insult to injury when, as all dogs do, gave the usual shake and sprayed us with water. My mind often comes back to one dam right next to the Croydon pub - that provided water to the Magg's orchard - dug in the usual fashion on about 3 metres deep scraped in the local clay, it was at this dam in the early sixties that a young boy drowned. After that we were pretty careful around dams. Going back to Daisy's memories, she recalls that the kids often started late on Monday mornings as Monday was Market Day at RW. They used to watch the stock being herded into the yards and people getting off the steam trains. Her family home was at Gruyere and her father used to drive to RW market and stop midway at the Burnt Bridge hotel and rest the horses. [I suspect that he may have watered other things besides the horses.] They eventually moved to RW in Thanet St. Miss Paddock still remembers the old RW school at the corner of RW St and Whitehorse Road, it was very small so they built the new school in Greenwood Ave. RW had a population of around 2,(K)0 when Daisy became an Assistant Class Five. She used to walk through the open paddocks, surrounded by bush and orchards. She goes on to say that the bush was alive with wildlife and a natural playground for the children. Miss Paddock was a member of the Soroptomist Club in RW (equivalent to Rotary), active in the church and local community. At our archives, we have a plaque that grac^ the entrance to the school, naming it the Miss Daisy Paddock library, in honour of a great woman in our city." -
Orbost & District Historical Societydoll, c. 1920s
A child's doll used in the 1920s.A celluloid doll - a baby doll, with painted blue eyes and red lips and wearing an embroidered calico dress which is soiled. Its joints are held together by string. doll baby-doll celluloid-doll -
Orbost & District Historical Societymangle, Early 20th century
A mangle or wringer is a mechanical laundry aid consisting of two rollers in a sturdy frame, connected by cogs and, in its home version, powered by a hand crank or electrically. A household mangle/wringer could be attached to a bench for easier use. The washing process itself involved lifting the items from the cold soak and wringing or mangling each item before transferring them, with more soap flakes, into the copper for boiling. Items that remained soiled, even after an overnight soak, were rubbed on a scrubbing board before being transferred to the copper. The clothes mangle would be used to squeeze out all the excess water. Clothes would then be hung out to dry on a clothes line, or laid over a clothes-horse next to the kitchen or living room fire. This one was owned by the mother of Bob Clarke, an Orbost resident.This item is an example of the typical laundry equipment used by families in the Orbost district in the early 20th century.Clothes mangle [wringer] which has a wooden and metal turning handle. It has a ratchet and 2 tap screws for pressure. It has of two rollers in a frame, connected by cogs and is powered by a hand crank.On top - "No. Hardwood Rolls 124" Front - "Household Clothes Mangle Steel ball bearings The American Wringer Company New York USA"laundry wringer mangle -
Federation University Historical CollectionMap, British New Guinea, 1893, 1893
The map was surveyed by ship compass, distances by estimation or rate of launch by officers of the Government ; supervised and compiled by J.B. Cameron, G.S. March 1893. This map was in the possession of Charles Carty Salmon (1860-1917), politician, born on 27 July 1860 at Amherst, Victoria. (http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/salmon-charles-carty-8328 ) Although living in Melbourne Charles Carty Salmon kept property at Talbot. The property was leased, then purchased by the donor's family. A copy of "The Goulburn Weir and its Dependent System of Works" and this map (in a government envelope addressed to Salmon) were left at the property. See http://nla.gov.au/nla.map-rm1894-1 .1) Sketch map showing the rivers and an outline of the coast from Long. 144?30'E. to Long. 146?30'E. Gulf of Papua British New Guinea Scale [ca. 1:316,800]. .2) Large envelope addressed to The Hon Charles Carty Salmon M.P., Talbot, Victoria. The map was folded and stored in this envelope. Map extending from Port Bevan to Kaikavau Pt, showing rivers and notes on soil and vegetation. Relief shown by hachures and spot heights. Also available in an electronic version via the Internet at: http://nla.gov.au/nla.map-rm1894-1 .1) "Enclosure in Despatch No. 32 of 3rd May 1893 - Appendix G.". "Map no. 4 British New Guinea report 1892-93". .2) "This envelope can only be lawfully used by Government Officials on public business. Any use by Officials on private business, or by others under any circumstances, is punishable." "Commonwealth Celebrations. General Secretary's Office, Melbourne."carty salmon, charles carty salmon, new guinea, j.b. cameron -
Federation University Historical CollectionPhotograph, N.l. Harvey & Son, Mount Helen Campus, 1968, 1969
The Federation University campus at Mount Helen was first used by students in 1970.Seven photographs of the Mt Helen Campus Stage one development. .1) Aerial view of foundation work, from west, towards Green Hill .2) Aerial View from South. Earthworks and foundations .3) Aerial View from south west. Earthworks, general view .4) Aerial View from above the South West corner of E building. .5) Aerial View from North East. Gear Avenue in background .6) Aerial View from North West. Earthworks extend from Gear Avenue .7) Ground level view. First columns of E building. .13) Mt Helen development Stage One, Engineering Diploma Buildings. This image shows the wall beam and pier construction to the East Wall of the Fluid Mechanics Laboratory adjacent to the pump chamber, 17 June 1968. .18) Flume Pit and Pump Chamber, 15 July 1968. .28) East Wing Pit Looking North, 26 August 1968 .40) Construction as of 04 November 1968federation university, federation university australia, feduni, university of ballarat, ballarat college of advanced education, ballarat institute of advanced education, building, earthworks, foundation, early development, soil testing laboratory -
Federation University Historical Collection
Book, Land COnservation Victoria, Land Conservation Council Victoria Report of the North Eastern Area (district 1), 1972, 1972
Yellow and brown soft covered book with brown tapespine. Includes land use, recreation, agriculture, apiculture, vegetation, birds, water physiography, geology, climate, soils, fauna, land systems. Block descriptions include Bethanga, granya, Lawson, Walwa,Pine Mountain, Mittamatite, Elliot, Bunroy, Wabba, Mount Cadgewa, ucyvale, Koetan, Burrowa. Black and white images include Mitta Mitta arm, Corryong, Tallangatta, Lake Hume, Aboriginal rock shelter at Mount Porcupine, Koetong uplands, Mitta Mitta massif, bandicoot, wombat, skink, Flaggy Creek plateau, Walwa, Murray Cod, Thowgla, emu, grasstree, land conservation, north-eastern victoria, environment, landuse, recreation, timber, apiculture, water, upper murray, vegetation, birds -
Federation University Historical CollectionEthnographic Material, Stone grinding/sharpening tool
Stone grinding/sharpening tool with 'bump' which could be used as a handle. Evidence of wear due to sharpening on both sides of the stone. The rock is calcite cemented quartz sandstone; it is sedimentary quartzite with a granular appearance. It has a soft matrix, and is pale, indicating its calcite nature, as well as dissolved pits. Its origin is from dry land soils and dunes. aboriginal, stone, tool, archaeology, stone tools, sandstone, quartzite, calcite -
Federation University Historical CollectionPlan, Mild Steel Boiler for Yarrawee Suction Dredge, 16 January 1907
George Milford, a long term staff member of Thompsons Foundry Castlemaine, remembers discussing Alexander Sinclair with this son, Alex Sinclair Jnr. "When Alex Jnr was a boy, his father, a senior design engineer, was sent to Malaya to oversee the erection on site of a suction cutter dredge for Thompsons. This was an adaptation of the idea of a bucket-dredge, where gold is won from alluvial gravels. In the 1915-1920 era, the Thompsons Engineering Department designed a suction-cutter dredge, by which hydraulic suction with a revolving cutter at the end of a long proboscis would collect the alluvial soil and deliver it into the dredge for recovery of the precious metals. Export marketing was then ‘all the go’, and the tin dredges were ordered from Thompsons, using the new cutter design. The dredges were, of course, shipped to Malaya in pieces, ready to be assembled on site. A number of Thompsons employees were selected to travel to Malaya to assemble the dredges. There were fourteen men in the gang. These men sailed on 1st July 1925, their number including Delmenico, McKay and Charles Albert Hauser, an engine driver. C A Hauser died of malaria in Malaya shortly after arrival. Components for a further three of these dredges were in transit or on site when the first suction-cutter dredge was assembled and tested. The designers had failed to take into account the fact that, in the jungle floor in Malaya, many trees grow up, and fall down, in tropical conditions, and become submerged still waterlogged in the floor of the jungle, and in the tin-bearing gravels. The suction-cutter dredge was found to be inefficient in these circumstances, the price of tin had fallen and the Malayan client reneged on the contract. Faced with an outlay of over £4,000 on which no money would be received, the company went bankrupt on 25th August 1925. Alex Sinclair Snr was at that stage in Malaya, and received the news of the bankruptcy by telegram. Upon telegraphing his employers for funds to return home, he received the reply that there were no such funds available. Alex Sinclair Jnr told the story of how his father worked as a labourer in Malaya for two years, while his mother took in washing and ironing during the same period, until together they had assembled enough money to pay for his father’s return Anyone who talks about “the good old days” is talking nonsense!"Large blue printed paper plan outlining the conditions of contract for the making of a steel boiler. The Blueprint includes design drawings and written contract specifying materials, time frame and costs. Signed on front 'Alec Sinclair Consulting Engineer, 31 Queen Street, Melbourne'. Stamped on verso 'Printed by Paterson & Co, Colonial Mutual Chambers, Collins St, Melbourne'. blueprint, designs and plans, yarrawee suction dredge, conditions of contract, thompsons foundry castlemaine, george milford -
Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and VillageDomestic object - Basket, 1890-1920s
Before the invention of woven baskets, people used tree bark to make simple containers. These containers could be used to transport gathered food and other items but crumbled after only a few uses. Weaving strips of bark or other plant material to support the bark containers would be the next step, followed by entirely woven baskets. The last innovation appears to be baskets so tightly woven that they could hold water. Depending on soil conditions, baskets may or may not be preserved in the archaeological record. Sites in the Middle East show that weaving techniques were used to make mats and possibly also baskets, circa 8000 BCE. Twined baskets date back to 7000 in Oasisamerica. Baskets made with interwoven techniques were common at 3000 BCE. Baskets were originally designed as multi-purpose vessels to carry and store materials and to keep stray items about the home. The plant life available in a region affects the choice of material, which in turn influences the weaving technique. Rattan and other members of the Arecaceae or palm tree family, the thin grasses of temperate regions, and broad-leaved tropical bromeliads each require a different method of twisting and braiding to be made into a basket. The practice of basket making has evolved into an art. Artistic freedom allows basket makers with a wide choice of colours, materials, sizes, patterns, and details.Before the advent of plastics (1907), the is now used for many different types and styles of storage container rattan, wicker or cane was used to make containers with a lid for the storage of linens etc. The subject item was probability used at the end of the Victorian era and into the Edwardian period around the 1900s as a household storage facility. These types of wicker or cane containers started to go out of fashion due to their fragility around the 1920s into the 1940s due as well to the introduction of synthetic materials. Wicker cane rectangular shaped domestic storage container with reinforced leather pads on 4 corner sides. lid fits inside the other. Black cane piece around top edge.Noneflagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village -
Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and VillageContainer - Box for seeds, ca. 1880s
This seed box was made for Hiram Sibley for his seed house business. He sold seeds priced by the weight or the space they took up e.g. bushel. This box allowed for seeds to be divided by type, size or even date. The box was strong and easy to cart and store. It was also a handy item to 'recycle' as a storage container for other items. The Sibley seed box is a desirable collectors' item. A large variety of sizes and shapes are still available today in various stages of condition. Hiram Sibley developed seeds that were strong and the plants that grew from these seeds produced many seeds. Varieties of Sibley seeds and plants are still advertised for sale in modern times. HIRAM SIBLEY (1807-1888) - Hiram Sibley was born in America. He had a natural mechanical ability and became skilled in many trades. He and his partner Don Watson opened a sawmill then a machine shop and foundry. He became involved with Alfred Vale and Samuel Morse and their work on the telegraph. Eventually he became the first president of the Western Union Telegraph Company. Later, after leaving Western Union in the early 1860s, Sibley bought and sold railroads, manufactured sold, ran timber mills, and became involved in farming and seed supply. In this area he used his skills to engineer seeds that were stronger and develop plants that produced more seeds. The production of seeds became his main business. He bought land cheaply and improved to soil so that he could produce seed and grain, and graze herds of cattle. He became the owner of 14 large farms. Hiram Sibley earned the reputation "as the most extensive farmer and seedsman in this country". The business of Hiram Sibley & Co. was conducted his warehouse in Rochester and his seed house in Chicago. One department of the business sold farming equipment, another department imported ornamental plants from overseas countries Sibley went on to invest a large amount of money in a bank, and to be financially involved in the community by making large donations to public services such as a library and a school of music. At one point he was the richest man in Monroe county.This box is significant for its historic connection with Hiram Sibley, who is famous for many reasons, among which is his very profitable business of seed engineering to improve the production of crops. This box also represents the value of containers used for selling products in the 1880s, being re-used for other useful purposes. The box is an example of goods imported for use in Australia. The text and images of the box are an example of 1880s advertisingBox, wooden, with two brass hinges joining lid to base. Base has two wooden partitions, divided into three unequal sized compartments. Lid's underside has label with drawings of buildings and produce, text with maker's name and description of vegetables. Front edge of box has stencilled text and diagrams. Outside lid, and the other three sides, have no inscriptions. Made by Hiram Sibley & Co., USA. (Box is currently used to store quoits 1436.2 and cones of cotton thread 1436.3.)Marked "HIRAM SIBLEY & CO / SEEDS", "WAREHOUSE - "ROCHESTER N.Y. ", "SEED HOUSE - CHICARGO, ILL.", "SEEDS BY WEIGHT & MEASURE", "PUT UP BY / HIRAM SIBLEY & CO. / ROCHESTER, N.Y. AND CHICARGO, ILL."flagstaff hill, warrnambool, maritime village, maritime museum, flagstaff hill maritime museum & village, hiram sibley & co, rochester n.y., seeds, wooden seed box, seed box, seedsmen, arable farming, chicargo illinois, seed house, seed engineering, seed distribution, seeds by weight and measure -
Federation University Historical Collection
Book, Skeat, William Oswald, Degree Problems in Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, 1977, 1977
This copy of the Planning and Environment Act was used by Creswick Engineer Brian SchreenanRed and blue soft covered book. brian schreenan, structure, building, engineer, structural engineer -
City of Moorabbin Historical Society (Operating the Box Cottage Museum)Personal Effects, wash bowl and water jug, 20thC
A washstand was a standard piece of furniture in many Victorian bedrooms. On it stood a jug of cold water, a bowl, and a clean rag. The person washed first thing in the morning, immediately after rising. Most bedrooms were cold, chilly places, especially as the sash windows were kept open at the top and bottom (regardless of weather) to allow good ventilation and reduce the risk of illness. This meant in winter most people kept their nightclothes and worked on one part of their body at a time. The art of a stand-up wash was to pour water into the bowl. The soaked flannel was then rubbed on each part of the body, and rinsed. Once the water became too soiled it was discarded into the slop bucket and more water poured into the bowl. Working methodically, all of the body was cleaned, with each part being scrubbed and dried before moving onto the next bit. This wash bowl and jug are typical of the equipment used for personal bathing 19thC and early 20thCA large bowl and jug used in the bedroom for personal hygiene 19thC personal hygiene, water pitchers, jugs, bowls, porcelain, moorabbin, bentleigh, cheltenham -
City of Moorabbin Historical Society (Operating the Box Cottage Museum)Tool - Chinese Market-Gardener's Watering-Cans
Chinese market-gardener’s watering-cans on a wooden yoke. This item was authenticated by the Bendigo Historical Society, and is said to be quite rare. It consists of two large galvanized watering-cans each with a pouring spout, suspended by chains from a well-used wooden yoke. The cans would each have been filled with water, then carried a distance into the market garden and used to water crops. The cans and yoke alone are very heavy, one can only imagine how heavy they were when filled with water.As profits from the gold-fields petered out the Chinese immigrants, (nearly all single men), were forced to seek other occupations. Many moved into furniture building in the East Melbourne area, whilst others went into market gardening . A significant number of Chinese men, realising the potential of the sandy, fertile soil, with a good supply of water, in the Shire of Moorabbin, leased tracts of land in that area to establish a market garden and grow produce for the increasing population of MelbourneAfter the Dendy Special Survey in1841in Brighton, Victoria, the first sale of Crown Land, taking in the whole Shire of Moorabbin, occurred in 1852. These allotments of land were eagerly bought up - some by speculators - although many were either worked by the owner, or leased out as market gardens and "fruit gardens", (orchards). Chinese market-gardener’s watering-cans suspended by chains on a wooden yoke. This item was authenticated by the Bendigo Historical Society, and is said to be quite rare. It consists of two large galvanized watering-cans each with a pouring spout, suspended by chains from a well-used wooden yokebrighton, gardeners, bentleigh, orchards, vegetables, dendy henry, market gardens, chinese settlers, pioneers moorabbin, water wells, creeks -
City of Moorabbin Historical Society (Operating the Box Cottage Museum)Tool - Farm Machinery, Horse-drawn Furrow Plough, Early 20th Century
Late 1800s-early 1900s A horse-drawn furrow plough is an example of the type of farm implement widely used by pioneer market gardeners in the Moorabbin Shire following 'Dendy's Special Survey' of 1841 and the Crown Land Sale in 1852. Land allotments were bought by pioneer settlers who established or rented allotments for market gardens in the area. They supplied produce to the markets in St Kilda and Melbourne. During the gold-rush of the 1850s the rapidly increasing population of Melbourne saw a huge demand and a rise in prices for all foodstuffs, including the vegetables and fruit grown in the Shire of Moorabbin. This heralded a time of prosperity for market gardeners, and an equally rapid expansion of the numbers of vegetable and produce growers in the area. The 'knock-on effect" resulted in an increased interest and development of the community in the Shire of Moorabbin.Following 'Dendy's Special Survey' of 1841 and the Crown Land Sale in 1852, land allotments were bought by pioneer settlers who established or rented allotments for market gardens in the area and they supplied produce to the markets in St Kilda and Melbourne. During the gold-rush of the 1850s the rapidly increasing population of Melbourne saw a huge demand and a rise in prices for all foodstuffs, including the vegetables and fruit grown in the Shire of Moorabbin. Circa late 1800's to early 1900s. A horse-drawn furrow plough was the most common type of agricultural implement used by the pioneers of the 1800s and continued on into the 1940s when motorised tractors came into use. This plough is an example of a two furrow, mullboard plough which would most likely have been pulled by two horses. The long handle was used to lower the silver plates, (mullboards), to the chosen depth of soil. Painted yellow. Although this Box Cottage museum plough is unbranded, the most widely used plough in the Shire of Moorabbin was made by Oliver. This plough appears to be identical to that brand. brighton, moorabbin, pioneers, fruit, bentleigh, vineyards, vegetables, plough, market gardens, plow -
City of Moorabbin Historical Society (Operating the Box Cottage Museum)Tool - Farm Machinery, Horse-drawn Plough Potato Digger, c1900
Circa late 1800s early 1900s a horse-drawn plough, potato digger, is one example of the implements that were widely used by early market gardeners in the Shire of Moorabbin. The flat plate, seen to the right of the photo, dug down into the ground below the potatoes and "scooped" them up. Behind the plate, two driving chains on cogs, (these chains are missing from our exhibit), then "rocked' the dug potatoes to loosen the soil from the "spuds". The potatoes were then harvested by hand. Very large tracts of land in the Shire of Moorabbin were planted with potatoes. Harvesting commenced in October, into November and on into December. Potatoes were a necessary food staple. The market gardeners were always in a rush to be first to get their potatoes to market, and hence the best price. Some market gardeners were so keen to be the first to market, (and get the most money), that they dug their potatoes "green" (or new). The only downside of this practice was that these early potatoes had to be handled with extreme care as their skins were very loose, and came off easily - so decreasing their profits.As well as taking their produce to the Melbourne and St Kilda markets, they also sent produce off to Sydney markets. It is interesting to note that a group of Chinese market gardeners were the first to access the Sydney market. .Following the 'Dendy's Special Survey' 1841 and the Crown Land Sale of 1852, land allotments were sold to pioneer settlers who established market gardens in the area of Moorabbin Shire. During the 1850s gold-rush population boom the number of market gardeners increased significantly spreading throughout the Moorabbin Shire. Potatoes were considered a staple foodstuff, so crops were regularly sown throughout the whole Moorabbin area. Circa late 1800s early 1900s. A horse-drawn plough potato digger is an example of the machines used by early market gardeners in Moorabbin Shiremelbourne, sydney, markets, vegetables, potato, dendy henry, st kilda, market gardeners, gold rush, moorabin, chinese gardeners, ploughs -
City of Moorabbin Historical Society (Operating the Box Cottage Museum)Photograph - Plateway (Wheelway) Steel, circa 1885
By the later 1800s the dirt roads in the then out-lying areas of the City of Moorabbin became dangerous, and almost impassable due to huge potholes and muddy swampy areas. The heavily laden market gardener’s carts regularly broke axles and wheels, and horses foundered on their way to the Melbourne markets. Even worse, the heavier “iron maidens”, carrying their malodorous loads of sewage from Melbourne’s inner suburbs for dumping in the outlying areas of the City of Moorabbin, also got bogged in the mire. It was decided that a practical solution to this problem was to install a metal plateway on the side of the problematic roads. In about 1887 the Moorabbin Shire Centre Road, in the Brighton East area, two parallel metal rails were installed so that the wheels of carts could run along smoothly, the horse travelled in the filled, middle area between the rails. Point Nepean Road plateway was removed in 1930 and Centre Dandenong Road plateway was removed in 1934-35. The worn plateway along Centre Road, East Brighton (now known as Bentleigh), was gradually taken up in several pieces, commencing in the the1920s, when its condition deteriorated and it caused a hazard to bikes, pedestrians, motor-cycles and the few early cars. The early steel plateway, constructed by David Munro, and opened on 23rd March 1885 by Thomas Bent, was built along Nepean Highway, between Asling St. and Bay St. The Point Nepean Track was subsequently extended into Moorabbin with branches along Centre, Cumins, South, Wickham, and Keys Roads, the total length was 13 miles. In 1908-1909 plates were laid along Centre Dandenong Road to Ross Street Bentleigh This innovative solution proved successful and was used until gradually the main roads were upgraded, and motorised vehicles started to appear. Two parallel metal rails were installed in the right hand side of a few main roads in the Shire of Moorabbin so that the wheels of heavily-loaded market gardener's carts on their way to markets in Melbourne could run along smoothly. The horse pulling the carts travelled in the filled, middle area between the rails. The Steel Plateway was constructed by David Munro, and opened on 23rd March 1885 by Thomas Bent. The wheelway first only ran along Nepean Highway, but it soon extended from Centre Dandenong Road, along Nepean road to its junction with Chapel Street, St Kilda. Later branch lines were built along Centre Road, Bentleigh as far as Warrigal Road and, according to early photographs, along Wickham Road Moorabbin as well. This innovative solution proved successful and was used until gradually the main roads were upgraded, and motorised vehicles started to appear. There was a problem with the wheelway : there was only a single set of rails and this was established on the right-hand side of the Nepean Road, travelling towards the city. Traffic FROM the city travelled on the correct or left-hand side of the road. The exception to this rule was the malodorous iron-clads, heavily riveted iron carts, generally travelling in convoy, carrying several tons of human effluent out of Melbourne to be trenched-in in the sandy soil of the Moorabbin district. Moorabbin City Council donated and installed a small section of Plateway at Box Cottage Museum in 1984melbourne, brighton, moorabbin, roads, plateway, wheelway, transport, st kilda, bent thomas, munro david, market gardens, steelway, carts horse-drawn, iron maidens, point nepean track -
City of Moorabbin Historical Society (Operating the Box Cottage Museum)Tool - Horse-drawn Metal Scoop Road-working
This medium sized metal, horse-drawn, road-working scoop, with timber shafts is an example of those used in Moorabbin Shire in the late 1800s, and up until the 1940s for road-works, building dams, market-gardening work and other similar earthworks in the shire. The Box Cottage museum example would have been drawn by one horse, with the worker walking and steering the horse and scoop from behind using the timber shafts. There were even bigger metal scoops that required two or more horses to drag the scoop through the soil.Following the Dendy Special Survey 1841 allotments were sold to pioneer settlers who established market gardens in the Moorabbin area. Roads and roadside dams were needed as they transported both their stock and garden produce to markets in St Kilda and Melbourne By1880 the Shire of Moorabbin was using horse-drawn, road-working shovels on the main thoroughfares of the district.A medium sized metal, horse-drawn, road-working scoop, with timber shafts. Used by Moorabbin Shire in the late 1800s, and early 1900s for road-works, and other similar work in the shiremelbourne, shovel, brighton, moorabbin, metal, gardens, roads, markets, mckinnon, cheltenham, horse drawn, scoop, dendy henry, st kilda
