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Federation University Historical Collection
Photograph - Photograph - colour, Clare Kathleen Gervasoni, Federation University Gippsland Council Room, 2013, 29/10/2013
The campus at Churchill became a part of Federation University Australia on 01 January 2014. Federation University Australia was established on 1 January 2014. Formerly known as the University of Ballarat, its enabling legislation was the University of Ballarat Amendment (Federation University Australia) Act 2013. Although formally created as a University in 1994, the University of Ballarat had a lineage back to 1870 with the establishment of the School of Mines Ballarat, making it the third institution of higher learning to be established in Australia and the first to be established in regional Australia. On 1 January 1994, Ballarat University College became the University of Ballarat and in 1998 the University merged with three TAFE Institutes to become a dual sector institution with multiple campuses. On 1 January 2014, the University of Ballarat amalgamated with the Monash University Gippsland Campus to form Federation University Australia. The Gippsland Campus also had a long lineage dating back to 1928 with the establishment of the Yallourn Technical School which became a predecessor institution to the Gippsland College of Advanced Education formed in 1968. In 1990, it was renamed the Monash University College and in 1993 became the Gippsland Campus of Monash University. Federation University Australia, or FedUni, is Australia’s newest public University. Headquartered in Ballarat, Victoria, the University offers programs in Higher Education and Vocational Education and Training to regional Victoria and beyond. The University’s commitment to educational and social equity, teaching excellence, research distinction, environmental sustainability and regional capacity building has enabled it to develop in a way that draws on its proud heritage to inform its future. Its regional character sets a framework for the University’s priorities but does not constrain it from serving wider community interests, nationally and internationally. With campuses from Horsham in the west of the state, to Churchill in the east, the name Federation University Australia was chosen to convey the scope and capacity of an expanded regional university with a federated network of campuses contributing to a new and different Australian university.Photograph of a timber lined Council Room at Federation University Gippsland campus. This campus was formerly a campus of Monash University, and their logo has not been removed from thr wall in this photograph.federation university, gippsland campus, monash university, churchill, gippsland, board room, council room, gippsland campus collection -
Federation University Historical Collection
Book, Monash University College Gippsland Handbook, 1991-3
Legislation passed in State Parliament in May, 1990, formalised the merger of the Gippsland Institute of Advanced Education and Monash University. From 01 July 1990 the Gippsland Institute became the Monash College Gippsland. Federation University Australia was established on 1 January 2014. Formerly known as the University of Ballarat, its enabling legislation was the University of Ballarat Amendment (Federation University Australia) Act 2013. Although formally created as a University in 1994, the University of Ballarat had a lineage back to 1870 with the establishment of the School of Mines Ballarat, making it the third institution of higher learning to be established in Australia and the first to be established in regional Australia. On 1 January 1994, Ballarat University College became the University of Ballarat and in 1998 the University merged with three TAFE Institutes to become a dual sector institution with multiple campuses. On 1 January 2014, the University of Ballarat amalgamated with the Monash University Gippsland Campus to form Federation University Australia. The Gippsland Campus also had a long lineage dating back to 1928 with the establishment of the Yallourn Technical School which became a predecessor institution to the Gippsland College of Advanced Education formed in 1968. In 1990, it was renamed the Monash University College and in 1993 became the Gippsland Campus of Monash University. Federation University Australia, or FedUni, is Australia’s newest public University. Headquartered in Ballarat, Victoria, the University offers programs in Higher Education and Vocational Education and Training to regional Victoria and beyond. The University’s commitment to educational and social equity, teaching excellence, research distinction, environmental sustainability and regional capacity building has enabled it to develop in a way that draws on its proud heritage to inform its future. Its regional character sets a framework for the University’s priorities but does not constrain it from serving wider community interests, nationally and internationally. With campuses from Horsham in the west of the state, to Churchill in the east, the name Federation University Australia was chosen to convey the scope and capacity of an expanded regional university with a federated network of campuses contributing to a new and different Australian university..1) Pink covered Monash University College Gippsland Handbook 1991 .2) Gold and blue covered Monash University College Gippsland Handbook 1992 .2) Gold and blue covered Monash University Gippsland Handbook 1993monash university college gippsland, churchill, gippsland, federation university australia -
Federation University Historical Collection
Book - Act of Parliament, Federation University Australia Act, 2014
Federation University Australia was established on 1 January 2014. Formerly known as the University of Ballarat, its enabling legislation was the University of Ballarat Amendment (Federation University Australia) Act 2013. Although formally created as a University in 1994, the University of Ballarat has a lineage back to 1870 with the establishment of the School of Mines Ballarat, making it the third institution of higher learning to be established in Australia and the first to be established in regional Australia. On 1 January 1994, Ballarat University College became the University of Ballarat and in 1998 the University merged with three TAFE Institutes to become a dual sector institution with multiple campuses. On 1 January 2014, the University of Ballarat amalgamated with the Monash University Gippsland Campus to form Federation University Australia. The Gippsland Campus also had a long lineage dating back to 1928 with the establishment of the Yallourn Technical School which became a predecessor institution to the Gippsland College of Advanced Education formed in 1968. In 1990, it was renamed the Monash University College and in 1993 became the Gippsland Campus of Monash University. In 2016, Federation University Australia announced plans to take possession, over a two-year period, of Monash’s Berwick Campus in the south-east corridor of Melbourne. Federation University Australia, or FedUni, is headquartered in Ballarat and offers programs in Higher Education and Vocational Education and Training to regional Victoria and beyond. The University’s commitment to educational and social equity, teaching excellence, research distinction, environmental sustainability and regional capacity building has enabled it to develop in a way that draws on its proud heritage to inform its future. Its regional character sets a framework for the University’s priorities but does not constrain it from serving wider community interests, nationally and internationally. The name Federation University Australia was chosen to convey the scope and capacity of an expanded regional university with a federated network of campuses. The Federation University Australia Act was assented to on 10 September 2013 and came into operation on 01 January 2014: Government Gazette 24 June 2010 page 1274. Green, leather bound, 76 page Act of Parliament.federation university australia act, federation university australia, acts of parliament, university of ballarat -
Federation University Historical Collection
Notes, Kath Cunningham, Ballarat Teachers' College Creative Activities Notes, 1962
Ballarat Teachers' College notes on teaching Creative Studies and Needlework to primary school children. Federation University Australia was established on 1 January 2014. Formerly known as the University of Ballarat, its enabling legislation was the University of Ballarat Amendment (Federation University Australia) Act 2013. Although formally created as a University in 1994, the University of Ballarat has a lineage back to 1870 with the establishment of the School of Mines Ballarat, making it the third institution of higher learning to be established in Australia and the first to be established in regional Australia. On 1 January 1994, Ballarat University College became the University of Ballarat and in 1998 the University merged with three TAFE Institutes to become a dual sector institution with multiple campuses. On 1 January 2014, the University of Ballarat amalgamated with the Monash University Gippsland Campus to form Federation University Australia. The Gippsland Campus also had a long lineage dating back to 1928 with the establishment of the Yallourn Technical School which became a predecessor institution to the Gippsland College of Advanced Education formed in 1968. In 1990, it was renamed the Monash University College and in 1993 became the Gippsland Campus of Monash University. In 2016, Federation University Australia announced plans to take possession, over a two-year period, of Monash’s Berwick Campus in the south-east corridor of Melbourne. Federation University Australia, or FedUni, is headquartered in Ballarat and offers programs in Higher Education and Vocational Education and Training to regional Victoria and beyond. The University’s commitment to educational and social equity, teaching excellence, research distinction, environmental sustainability and regional capacity building has enabled it to develop in a way that draws on its proud heritage to inform its future. Its regional character sets a framework for the University’s priorities but does not constrain it from serving wider community interests, nationally and internationally. The name Federation University Australia was chosen to convey the scope and capacity of an expanded regional university with a federated network of campuses.A number of notes relating to teaching creative activities to primary school children. Includes needlework samples. education, creative activities, art, needlework, samples, apron -
Federation University Historical Collection
Invitation, City of Ballarat Reception Invitation to Mark the 140th Anniversary of the University of Ballarat, 2010, 27/04/2010
Federation University Australia was established on 1 January 2014. Formerly known as the University of Ballarat, its enabling legislation was the University of Ballarat Amendment (Federation University Australia) Act 2013. Although formally created as a University in 1994, the University of Ballarat has a lineage back to 1870 with the establishment of the School of Mines Ballarat, making it the third institution of higher learning to be established in Australia and the first to be established in regional Australia. On 1 January 1994, Ballarat University College became the University of Ballarat and in 1998 the University merged with three TAFE Institutes to become a dual sector institution with multiple campuses. On 1 January 2014, the University of Ballarat amalgamated with the Monash University Gippsland Campus to form Federation University Australia. The Gippsland Campus also had a long lineage dating back to 1928 with the establishment of the Yallourn Technical School which became a predecessor institution to the Gippsland College of Advanced Education formed in 1968. In 1990, it was renamed the Monash University College and in 1993 became the Gippsland Campus of Monash University. In 2016, Federation University Australia announced plans to take possession, over a two-year period, of Monash’s Berwick Campus in the south-east corridor of Melbourne. Federation University Australia, or FedUni, is headquartered in Ballarat and offers programs in Higher Education and Vocational Education and Training to regional Victoria and beyond. The University’s commitment to educational and social equity, teaching excellence, research distinction, environmental sustainability and regional capacity building has enabled it to develop in a way that draws on its proud heritage to inform its future. Its regional character sets a framework for the University’s priorities but does not constrain it from serving wider community interests, nationally and internationally. The name Federation University Australia was chosen to convey the scope and capacity of an expanded regional university with a federated network of campuses. The reception was attended by Clare Gervasoni, the University's Curator: Art & Historical Collections.City of Ballarat invitation to a civic reception celebrating 140 years of technical educatoin by the University of Ballarat. The reception was held in the Ballarat Town Hall. invitation, anniversary, city of ballarat, city of ballarat reception, judy verlin, university of ballarat, ballarat school of mines, 140th anniversary, ballarat school of mines 140th anniversary, ballarat town hall, city of ballarat logo, clare gervasoni -
Federation University Historical Collection
Certificate, Clemente: Celebrating 10 Years in Australia, 2013
The Clemente Australia Program enables people to embark on a transformational education journey. Federation University Australia was established on 1 January 2014. Formerly known as the University of Ballarat, its enabling legislation was the University of Ballarat Amendment (Federation University Australia) Act 2013. Although formally created as a University in 1994, the University of Ballarat has a lineage back to 1870 with the establishment of the School of Mines Ballarat, making it the third institution of higher learning to be established in Australia and the first to be established in regional Australia. On 1 January 1994, Ballarat University College became the University of Ballarat and in 1998 the University merged with three TAFE Institutes to become a dual sector institution with multiple campuses. On 1 January 2014, the University of Ballarat amalgamated with the Monash University Gippsland Campus to form Federation University Australia. The Gippsland Campus also had a long lineage dating back to 1928 with the establishment of the Yallourn Technical School which became a predecessor institution to the Gippsland College of Advanced Education formed in 1968. In 1990, it was renamed the Monash University College and in 1993 became the Gippsland Campus of Monash University. In 2016, Federation University Australia announced plans to take possession, over a two-year period, of Monash’s Berwick Campus in the south-east corridor of Melbourne. Federation University Australia, or FedUni, is headquartered in Ballarat and offers programs in Higher Education and Vocational Education and Training to regional Victoria and beyond. The University’s commitment to educational and social equity, teaching excellence, research distinction, environmental sustainability and regional capacity building has enabled it to develop in a way that draws on its proud heritage to inform its future. Its regional character sets a framework for the University’s priorities but does not constrain it from serving wider community interests, nationally and internationally. The name Federation University Australia was chosen to convey the scope and capacity of an expanded regional university with a federated network of campuses.Certificate presented to the University in recognition for their support of the Clemente Australia Program. The certificate is signed by Peter Howard (National Leader, Clemente Australia); Ann Gervasoni (Chair, Ballarat Clemente Steering Committee and Letitia Medwell (ACU Program Co-ordinator)clemente australia, anniversary, university of ballarat, letitia medwell, peter howard, ann gervasoni, john mcdonald -
City of Moorabbin Historical Society (Operating the Box Cottage Museum)
Newsletter, City of Moorabbin Historical Society Feb 2010 pdf, February 2010
The City of Moorabbin Historical Society was formed c 1960 by a group of Moorabbin residents who were concerned that the history of the area should be preserved. A good response to a call for items related to the historical area of Moorabbin Shire brought donations of a wide variety of artefacts which are now preserved by the current members of CMHS at Box Cottage Museum . Helen Stanley, Secretary of CMHS, began producing a Newsletter for members in April 2007 to provide current information and well researched items of historical interestHelen Stanley has produced a bi-monthly Newsletter, 2007 - 2013, for the members of the City of Moorabbin Historical Society that contains well researched interesting historical items, notification of upcoming events, current advice from Royal Australian Historical Society , Museums Australia Victoria and activities of Local Historical Societies. The Newsletter is an important record of the activities of the CMHS5 x A4 paper printed on 1 side Issue 15 of the bi-monthly, City of Moorabbin Historical Society Newsletter produced by Society member and Secretary, Mrs Helen Stanley in February 2010. Notices for the meeting February 28th , subscriptions due, and this is 50th Anniversary of CMHS. Water flooded Joyce Park, the grounds of the Cottage and a little seeped into Grace Lewis Room in December 2009 when a water main at the neighbouring Bowling Club burst, but little damage occurred and the Glen Eira Council will install drainage pipes between Box Cottage and the Bowling Club. In January, 2 brush tailed possums had taken up residence in the Barn and after failed attempts by Helen and Dennis to move them, Glen Eira Council relocated them. A description of the establishment of Cobb & Co Coaches by Freeman Cobb in 1853, for cartage between Melbourne and the Ports but they soon began transporting people and mail to the gold fields around Victoria. 3 photocopied photographs of Cobb & Co Coaches and 1 photo of the 2 Possums CITY of MOORABBIN HISTORICAL SOCIETY / February 2010 NEWSLETTER city of moorabbin historical society, stanley helen, maynard dennis, melbourne, moorabbin, cheltenham, ormond, bentleigh, market gardeners, pioneers, early settlers, moorabbin shire, box cottage museum, lewis grace, cobb freeman, cobb and co coaches, ballarat, goldfields, gold miners, bendigo, castlemaine, governor latrobe, victoria, sydney road, sutherland alexander, chinese gold miners -
Kew Historical Society Inc
Photograph - Rural landscape, c.1926
Henry Beater Christian (1886-1962) , was a descendant of one of the earliest settler families in Kew. Employed at the Kew Asylum as a 'public servant', he was a skilled amateur photographer, photographing numerous scenes in Kew and on his travels around Victoria. The majority of his photographs date from 1916 to 1929. His finest photographs are housed in two photograph albums. Digital copy of a photograph from page 17 of the 47-page photograph album containing 261 gelatinous silver images, loaned by Diane Washfold with permission given to digitise and hold a copy in our collection. This photograph, dating from c.1926, forms part of a group of photos preceding images of [Black] Spur, so the photographs may have been taken as part of that bushwalking trip. John Chapman has written in 'Bushwalking Clubs - A Brief History', about the establishment in Victoria of the first bushwalking club in 1888, and the popularisation of bushwalking during the interwar period. Henry Christian's 'walks' appear to have been undertaken solely or with a companion/s. This camera shot invites the viewer to access the landscape through the point-of-view of the man standing with his back to the camera at the edge of the road. The man holds leaves in his left hand [to deter insects], and has a knapsack on his back. The landscape in the distance includes both cleared land for farming and remnant vegetation. The oval framing device was used when Henry Christian developed the photo.Illegible ink inscription on pagehenry beater christian (1886-1962), landscape photography, kew (vic.) — yarra river, christian-washfold collection, photograph albums, bushwalking -- victoria -
Bendigo Military Museum
Photograph - Royal Australian Survey Corps Surveyors in the Field – Northern Territory and Queensland, 1959 – 1960
This is a set of 10 photographs of surveyors and support staff in the field undertaking duties in the Northern Territory and North Queensland in 1959 – 1960. The surveyors were employed in the establishment of mapping and geodetic control. In this era surveyors used theodolites to observe horizontal and vertical angles and tellurometers to measure base line distances between survey stations. Laplace survey observations seen in Photo .1P was a series of precise observations carried out at geodetic survey stations to determine astronomic latitudes, longitudes and azimuths to achieve maximum precision in the survey network. Laplace observations were necessary in a geodetic network at every 6th survey station, however the National Mapping Council specified at this time the spacing would be ideally between 4-6 survey stations. The cairn shown in photo .4P was built by RASvy as a landmark over a trigonometric survey station. It was dismantled in 1960 to enable re-occupation and survey observations. It was not restored to the condition shown in the photo.This is a set of 10 photographs of surveyors and support staff in the field undertaking duties in the Northern Territory (NT) and Queensland (QLD) in 1959 – 1960. The photographs were printed on photographic paper and are part of the Army Survey Regiment’s Collection. The photographs were scanned at 300 dpi. .1) - Photo, colour, 1959. Tony Slattery occupying a Laplace survey station on a hill in the Mount Young area of the NT. .2) - Photo, colour, 1959. Surveyors’ camp in the Mount Young area of the NT, L to R: Spencer Snow and Tony Slattery. .3) - Photo, colour, 1959. Surveyors’ camp in the Peckman Hill area, near Katherine in the NT. .4) - Photo, colour, 1959. Cairn on Trig Hill, Borroloola, NT. Built by Spencer Snow, Tom Royle and Jack McCabe. .5) - Photo, colour, 1959. Survey party taking a break next to their Austin Champ vehicle, in transit between Katherine, NT and Wyndam WA. L to R: Tony Slattery, Dave Owens, John Van De Graff. .6) - Photo, colour, 1960. Surveyors’ camp between Mount Isa, QLD and Borroloola, NT. L to R: Pat Cox and John Van De Graff prepare their meal on an open fire. .7) - Photo, colour, 1960. Surveyor - Dennis Woods undertaking survey observations, using MRA1 tellurometer to measure base-line distances NW of Mount Isa, QLD. .8) - Photo, colour, 1960. Unidentified surveyors assessing recovery of their stalled Studebaker truck vehicle after attempting a water crossing in the NT. .9) - Photo, colour, 1960. Unidentified surveyor making batches of bread at a camp in the NT. Seen in the photo placing a lid with hot coals onto the camp oven. .10) - Photo, colour, 1960. Unidentified survey party occupying a survey station on a hill in the Mount near the Lawn Hill area, NW of Mount Isa, QLD. A MRA1 tellurometer to measure base-line distances appear on the right side of the photo. .9) - Photo, colour, 1960. Unidentified surveyors assessing recovery of their stalled Studebaker truck vehicle after attempting a water crossing in the NT. .10) - Photo, colour, 1960. Unidentified surveyor making batches of bread at a camp in the NT. Seen in the photo placing a lid with hot coals onto the camp oven. .1P to .10P annotated on back – personnel names, the year and the location. royal australian survey corps, rasvy, army survey regiment, asr, army svy regt, fortuna, surveying -
Warrnambool and District Historical Society Inc.
Book, The History of Warrnambool Richard Osburne Facsimile, 1980
Richard Osburne (1825-1895) came to Warrnambool in 1847, a pioneer resident in the new settlement. In 1851, with John Wilkinson, he founded Warrnambool’s first newspaper, the Warrnambool Examiner, and issued it weekly for some months until he left the town for the goldfields. Returning in 1853 he resumed publication of the Examiner and continued it, intermittently in its last few years, until 1880. He was acknowledged in his day as the Father of the Warrnambool Press and was a dominant figure in Warrnambool’s early history. He was associated with the establishment of the Aboriginal Reserves, Fire Brigade, Mechanics’ Institute, Warrnambool Council, National School, Presbyterian Church, Public Wants Committee, Villiers Building Society, Fish Protection Society, Dramatic Club, Cricket Club, Otway Gold Exploration Syndicate and other institutions. In 1882 he went to live in Melbourne, returning to publish his ‘History of Warrnambool’ in 1887, a Queen’s Jubilee publication. Richard Osburne’s book is a seminal work of the 19th century history of Warrnambool and its importance cannot be over-emphasized. The original copies of this book are now hard to get and are very valuable. This facsimile is kept because the facsimiles are also now becoming rare and they are good examples of the way a facsimile is reproduced and the reason for the existence of this particular reprint– the importance and usefulness of Osburne’s history and the need to make it accessible to researchers today.This is a facsimile edition (1980) of Richard Osburne's book on the history of Warrnambool from 1847 to 1886. It is a hard cover buff-coloured book with gold lettering on the spine. The dust cover is cream-coloured paper with black writing. Inside the cover is a map of southwest Victoria (1880). There are five fold-up inserts (sketches, diagrams etc), a number of business advertisements, sepia photographs and sketches and an index. The dust cover includes information on the author. There are 25 chapters, a foreword by the Prime Minister of Australia, Malcolm Fraser and a Preface The proceeds of the book reprint went to Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village.This is a facsimile edition (1980) of Richard Osburne’s book on the history of Warrnambool from 1847 to 1886. It is a hard cover buff-coloured book with gold lettering on the spine. The dust cover is cream–coloured paper with black writing. Inside the cover is a map of southwest Victoria (1880). There are five fold-up inserts (sketches, diagrams etc), a number of business advertisements, sepia photographs and sketches and an index. The dust cover includes information on the author. There are 25 chapters, a foreword by the Prime Minister of Australia, Malcolm Fraser and a Preface The proceeds of the book reprint went to Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village.richard osburne, the history of warrnambool, warrnambool examiner -
Glen Eira Historical Society
Letter - Bambra Road Church Of Christ
This file contains four items. 1/Photocopied pamphlet on the establishment of the Bambra Road Church of Christ, Caulfield South, including information on its early members and the pioneers of the nineteenth century church meetings. The pamphlet was produced for the fiftieth anniversary of the church in May 1970 and includes copies of photographs and drawings of the early church. 2/A postcard photograph by W. Sanderson, taken c. 1921, of the building of the church of Christ, Bambra Road, built in one day. Included with the photo is a letter for the donation dated 02/05/1998. 3/Information on Bambra Road Church of Christ, undated and unattributed, providing details about the pipe organ, Joint Choir and the Adult Group which continued at St. Stephen’s after the Union of the Churches. 4/Two photographs, dated 20/11/2009, of the front of the former Bambra Road Church of Christ and of the foundation stone. The Church is now used by the Beit Hamasiach Messianic Congregation.caulfield south, churches, ennis reg., glenhuntly, sunday schools, earl h.s., bambra road, princes park, cheek stephen, churches of christ, st. stephen’s church, killey f., bambra road church of christ, mcdiarmid a. b, mortimer w., clubs and associations, robbins h. b., religious ceremonies, williams e. l., haddon a l, religious groups, everett maisie, youth clubs, everett doris, lynch maisie, collings a. b., eaton c. burdell, mccann taylor, collings c., davey a., neeson mrs, brooker mr., venty mrs., buckingham mrs, brooker mrs., deveraux mrs, carnie mrs, meehan k., sanderson w., sanderson vera, architects, construction (events and activities), sunday school union of the churches of christ victoria, bible school committee of the churches of christ, beit hamasiach messianic congregation, sport and recreation -
Kiewa Valley Historical Society
Meter Volt, mid to late 1900's
This analog voltmeter is quite a large (industrial type) apparatus which permits the easy monitoring of electrical variations within the large SEC Victoria Hydro Scheme's electrical generators. These generators are powered by the hydro force of "stored" water at a higher altitude. The establishment of both the NSW and Victorian Hydro schemes was achieved from the mid 1900's to the 1960's. At this point in time the need for additional power sources to quench both an industrial and domestic demand for electricity was purely an economic and not and environmental (carbon reduction) factor. This hydro scheme was instigated by "the Government of the day" as a bold move and was the major force of the World War II refugee and "technical" workforce inclusion of skilled and unskilled migration into the Australian environment. Although this mass "invasion" of workers with families was thought of in some circles as intrusive, the expansion of population post war years and its integration into the Australian rural sector, produced the multi- lingual multi-cultural diversity of later years. This voltmeter is very significant to the Kiewa Valley as its use was introduced during the Kiewa Hydro Scheme. Although only a small apparatus it was part of the explosion of human resources into the valley. This influx of population transformed the region from that of a basically quiet rural region to one which evolved into both an industrial and a larger residential community. This evolution in the valley created a change, not only in the "physical" landscape but also the socio-economic expansion which permitted other "tourist" based industries into the valley. This analog volt meter has two metal rods protruding from the "back" of instrument with screw on points for the negative and the positive leads allowing the "current" to flow across the calibrated resistors to indicate on the "face" side the strength of the voltage "power". The "face" of the instrument has a zero point and then five evenly graduated marks from Zero to the "100, 200 and 300" marked points of measures. A large "V" below these pointers indicates that they represent levels of voltage. Three small screws hold the "face" in place. At the back of the meter is an aluminium "clasp" with three protruding screws (positioning fasteners) and a a screw tightening fixture for the correct fastening of the "clasp" into the correction location on the meter "board".Manufacturer's logo "CSG" underneath "ITALIA"kiewa valley tourism, victorian alps, alternate energy supplies, alpine population growth -
Kiewa Valley Historical Society
Relay Protection Instrument, Circa 1950's
This protection relay apparatus (a large electrical fuse), which permits the easy monitoring and disconnection of faulty electrical apparatus connected to the large SEC Victoria Hydro Scheme's electrical power producing generators. These generators are powered by the hydro force of "stored" water at a higher altitude. The establishment of both the NSW and Victorian Hydro Schemes was achieved from the early 1900's to the 1960's. At this point in time the need for additional power sources to quench both an industrial and domestic demand for electricity was purely an economic and not and environmental (carbon reduction) factor. This hydro scheme was instigated by "the Government of the day" as a bold move and was the major force of the World War II refugee and "technical" workforce inclusion of skilled and unskilled migration into the Australian environment. Although this mass "invasion" of workers with families was thought of in some circles as intrusive, the expansion of population post war years and its integration into the Australian rural sector, produced the multi- lingual multi-cultural diversity of later years.This protection relay is very significant to the Kiewa Valley as its use was introduced during the Kiewa Hydro Scheme. Although only a small apparatus it was part of the explosion of human resources into the valley. This influx of population transformed the region from that of a basically quiet rural region to one which evolved into both an industrial and a larger residential community. This evolution in the valley created a change, not only in the "physical" landscape but also the socio-economic expansion which permitted other "tourist" based industries into the valley.This protection relay unit has a black painted metal shell with four copper enclosed "prongs" fastened to the rear of the housing(from a bake-lite plate) . Between these "prongs" are four "empty" points allowing additional "screw on" bases. The front glass enclosed meter and recorder allows for the identification and automatic disconnection of any faulty equipment connected to the main power generator. This equipment acts similarly to a modern day circuit breaker found on the electrical circuit boards of residential homes.On the top section of the front panel "ASEA" to the left "Made in Sweden" and to the right "Frabrique en Suede" below this "RIS" below this a graph and next to it two columns of numbers and a pointer for each setkiewa hydro electricity scheme, victorian state electricity commission, relays, generators -
Eltham District Historical Society Inc
Photograph, Working on the Society Banner at Meruka House, Shire of Eltham, "As We Are" Community Banner Project, 1986
Tracey Naughton was the former Shire of Eltham Community Arts Officer and was responsible for developing the 'As We Are' project which encouraged a number of local community groups to develop banners. The Society was keen to be involved and the project was kicked off following a talk to the Society's members by Tracey in April 1986. The banner was completed and displayed with a number of other banners at the Eltham Community Centre in October 1986. It was then carried proudly for the first time in front of the Society's Parade Float in the 1986 Eltham Community Festival Parade and subsequent parades through to 1990. In December 1994 the Shire of Eltham ceased to exist and following council amalgamation and the establishment of the new Shire of Nillumbik, the Society's name (Shire of Eltham Historical Society) had become somewhat irrelevant and it was revised in 1995 to Eltham District Historical Society. The immediate downstream impact of this change was the rendering of the Society's Banner to history after only eight years of use. The banner now hangs proudly in our Local History Centre.Five colour photographsactivities, banner project, meruka house, jud deegan, marjorie north, blanche shallard, lu robertson, russell yeoman, opal smith -
Eltham District Historical Society Inc
Photograph, Shire of Eltham Historical Society Community Banner
Tracey Naughton was the former Shire of Eltham Community Arts Officer and was responsible for developing the 'As We Are' project which encouraged a number of local community groups to develop banners. The Society was keen to be involved and the project was kicked off following a talk to the Society's members by Tracey in April 1986. The banner was completed and displayed with a number of other banners at the Eltham Community Centre in October 1986. It was then carried proudly for the first time in front of the Society's Parade Float in the 1986 Eltham Community Festival Parade and subsequent parades through to 1990. In December 1994 the Shire of Eltham ceased to exist and following council amalgamation and the establishment of the new Shire of Nillumbik, the Society's name (Shire of Eltham Historical Society) had become somewhat irrelevant and it was revised in 1995 to Eltham District Historical Society. The immediate downstream impact of this change was the rendering of the Society's Banner to history after only eight years of use. The banner now hangs proudly in our Local History Centre.Colour photographactivities, banner project -
Orbost & District Historical Society
programs, 1961
The Snowy River Shire was a local government area in the Australian Alps region of New South Wales, Australia from 1939 until May 2016. It was named after the Snowy River that runs through it. Prior to 1936, it had been named as Dalgety Shire since establishment in 1906. This opening of the Monaro - Gippsland Road took place on 4th May 1961. There had long been a movement in Monaro for the construction of a road to connect Monaro and Gippsland, via Inglebyra and Black Mountain. The only track was for stock, made by pioneers many years ago, and it was very circuitous. It was stated at a meeting at Dalgety that the road would open up large areas for settlement for grazing, and for timber suitable for bridgé building. The road would assist stock deal ing between Monaro and Gippsland. It would also considerably shorten the distance from Victoria for tourists visiting Canberra and Kosciusko. A committee was formed to put the proposal before the Dalgety Shire Council in the 1930s.This item is a useful research tool.Four copies of a road opening program. It has black print on white. There are black / white photographs, historical details and details of the official opening.program monaro-road snowy-river-shire -
Orbost & District Historical Society
black and white photographs, 1920s
These photographs are of students of the Orbost Higher Elementary School. Information with photographs includes the names of those in the photos. 3143.1 - Alice Boucher; Bill Kerr; Mollie Hammil; Margie Trewin; ? Pen; Marion Nixon. 3143.2 - Back : Mollie Lock; Margaret Irvine; Lizzie Foard; Esme Reynolds; Marge Foard Front: Pen Gilbert; Mary Gilbert; Zenie Irvine; Hilda Bird. This was the first team to beat Bairnsdale High. 3143.3 - Marion with ball; ? Boucher; Myra Malcolm; L. Farquhar; ? Boucher; Mary Gilbert; Marion Trewin 3143.4 - Back - Alice Hammil; Marion Nixon; Bill Kerr; Annie Malcolm, E. Gall\Front - Marion Gilbert; Pen Gilbert; Elsie Pardew; Jean Trewin During 1910-11 the first approaches were made to the Department for the establishment of a HES in Orbost and this became a reality in 1912. Orbost HES supplied post-primary education in the district until a high school was built in 1948. Orbost High School / Orbost Secondary College has played a significant part in the education of senior students in the Orbost district . It is the sole senior educational institution. This item is representative of its historyFour black / white photographs of Orbost High School netball teams. 3143.1 is of seven girls in sports uniforms. Four are standing and three kneeling in front of them The girl in middle front is holding a ball. The photograph has been taken outside on a sports field with a low fence in the background. 3143.2 is of nine girls in sports uniforms. Five are standing and the front brow of four are seated on chairs. . The photograph has been taken outside. the two girls middle front are holding a ball on which is written "1920". 3143.3 is of nine girls in uniform in front of a brick wall. Four are standing, five seated on a bench. The girl middle front is holding a ball which has "Orbost H.E.S. 1926" written on it. 3143.4 is a photograph / postcard. It is of nine girls in two rows. Five at the back are standing and the front row is seated on a bench. On the ball held by girl 2nd left is written "1923". The photograph has been taken outside and there is a gazebo in the background. There is a trophy on the ground in front of them.3143.2 - "O.H.E.S. 1920" 3143.4 - Bottom right corner -"L.N."education-orbost orbost-higher-elementary-school school-sport netball -
Orbost & District Historical Society
magazine, CRB News, August 1976
By 1910 it had become apparent that there was a need for a central roads authority to take over responsibility from the Board of Lands and Works for the care and management of the main roads of the state of Victoria. Because there was no consistent and systematic policy for road maintenance Victorian roads were in a deplorable condition. At this time the use of the motor car accentuated the demands for better roads. As a result of these needs the Country Roads Act 1912 was proclaimed in 1913 providing for the establishment of the Country Roads Board as a central road authority with responsibility for those roads within the State considered to be main roads. the C.R.B. was responsible for the construction of roads and bridges including the Snowy River road bridges in Orbost. This was a major project involving not only a new bridge over the Snowy River (including Lochiel Lagoon), but other bridges over Ashby’s Gulch and Watt’s Gulch. These new bridges were opened in November 1976 with the unveiling of a plaque on the eastern end of the $2.4M Snowy River Bridge. (ref. May Leatch) This is a useful reference tool on the history of the construction of the Snowy River road bridges.A journal, titled "CRB News" . On the front cover the title is in orange print with No. 33 August 1976 above a coloured photo of a truck carrying two tiers of new vehicles along a main sealed road. It contains information and photos of the construction of the Snowy River road bridges.on front cover - handwritten in black - "M. I. Gilbert"crb-news country-roads-board snowy-river-road-bridges -
Federation University Historical Collection
Photograph, The Knuckle at Gippsland Institute of Advanced Education, c1976
The Gippsland Institute of Advanced Education was established by an Order-in-Council in September 1968. The Council of the Institute included members of the Gippsland community who are prominent in local government, industry, commerce, education and the professions, the Director of the Institute, and representatives of the academic staff, students, and graduates. On its establishment, the institute assumed responsibility for the diploma courses previously offered by the Yallourn Technical College which had commenced diploma teaching in 1929. Initially, all the Institute's teaching was conducted in the diploma building of the Yallourn Technical College. In 1972 the Institute transferred part of its operations to the first of its permanent buildings on a large campus in rural surrounds near the township of Churchill, ten kilometres south of MOrwell and one hundred and sixty kilometres east of Melbourne. The Gippsland Institute of Advanced Education was opened on 20 November 1976 by the Honourable Lindsay Thompson, Deputy Premier of Victoria and Minister of Education; and Senator J.L. Carrick, Minister for Education in the Commonwealth Government. Image of an area in the Gippsland Institute of Advanced Education known as The Knuckle.gippsland institute of advanced education, gippsland campus collection, the knuckle, churchill -
Federation University Historical Collection
Photograph, Gippsland Institute of Advanced Education Ampitheatre, c1976
The Gippsland Institute of Advanced Education was established by an Order-in-Council in September 1968. The Council of the Institute included members of the Gippsland community who are prominent in local government, industry, commerce, education and the professions, the Director of the Institute, and representatives of the academic staff, students, and graduates. On its establishment, the institute assumed responsibility for the diploma courses previously offered by the Yallourn Technical College which had commenced diploma teaching in 1929. Initially, all the Institute's teaching was conducted in the diploma building of the Yallourn Technical College. In 1972 the Institute transferred part of its operations to the first of its permanent buildings on a large campus in rural surrounds near the township of Churchill, ten kilometres south of MOrwell and one hundred and sixty kilometres east of Melbourne. The Gippsland Institute of Advanced Education was opened on 20 November 1976 by the Honourable Lindsay Thompson, Deputy Premier of Victoria and Minister of Education; and Senator J.L. Carrick, Minister for Education in the Commonwealth Government. The Gippsland Institute of Advanced Education ampitheatregippsland institute of advanced education, gippsland campus collection, churchill, ampitheatre, buildings -
Glen Eira Historical Society
Article - Caulfield Institute of Technology
Four items about the establishment,history and courses provided at this Institute: 1/Research notes (2 pages in all) regarding the renaming of Caulfield Technical School to Caulfield Institute of Technology in 1968 sourced from La Trobe Library Reference Index. Several dates listed. Reference also to article on construction of building in 'Australian Builder' of January 1950. 2/Photocopy of article from 'The Australian Accountant', April 1975. Gives history of C.I.T. and of Business School courses plus photos. (3 pages) 3/Advertising flyer for 'The David Syme Business School at CIT' listing courses for enrolment by 15/12/1978. 4/Undated black and white photograph of building in progress on site of Caulfield Institute/Monash University Caulfield. Noted on reverse'Chisholm Tower', 'Contact June 29, PIC 3 PG3 100% pl2' ie likely taken by photographer for 'Caulfield Contact'.miller j.o. mr. (b.a. b. com. f.a.s.a.), huggan noel, halstead h.j. mr., kurtz david professor, holmes graham, collins mike, chataway graham, erdonmez hassan, gleeson june, voumard lou, coombe jack, caulfield technical college, caulfield technical school, caulfield institute of technology (cit), k.h. boykett building, monash university, dandenong road, caulfield east, victorian education department, school of business, school of applied sciences, school of engineering, school of industrial studies, school of general studies (humanities sociology art and design), technical schools, technical colleges, education, secondary education, mature age students, david syme business school, 'contact' -
Federation University Historical Collection
Book - ledger, Ballarat School of Mines Reports, 1900-1915
27 June 1902 - Davey Paxmen Steam Engine 01 September 1905 - James Oddie donation a pair of lanterns and a lantern Microscope 03 August 1906 - Costs of starting an Agricultural High School in the district - Dr Stewart Bequest 29 April 1910- Planning for new Art School Building 28 April 1911 - Ballarat Observatory 26 May 1911 - Ballarat Observatory. Mr Brittain living in the caretaker's cottage, and proposes moving his telescope to the observatory 30 June 1911 - H.H. Smith in conjunction with Mr Clegg asked to prepare sketch plans for a new art school 28 July 1913 - Establishment of the Ballarat Junior Technical School 04 April 1913 - Removal of organ and pipes from the former Wesleyan Church 26 June 1914 - Laying of the Foundation Stone for the Ballarat Technical Art School. A photograph was taken featuring Mr Tate, Mr Carew-Smyth and Col. Watson.Black covered foolscap book with brown leather spine and corners. The handwritten reports were written for the Ballarat School of Mines Councilballarat school of mines, monthly reports, ballarat school of mines principal, ballarat school of mines principal's report, ballarat school of mines battery, ballarat school of mines council, r.t. vale, davey paxmen, andrew anderson, james bickett, james oddie, david kerr, j. baird, learmonth, dr stewart bequest, ballarat technical art school, h.h. smith, w.h. middleton, clegg -
Federation University Historical Collection
Booklet, Gippsland Printers, GIAE Official Opening, 1976
The Gippsland Institute of Advanced Education was established by an Order-in-Council in September 1968. The Council of the Institute included members of the Gippsland community who are prominent in local government, industry, commerce, education and the professions, the Director of the Institute, and representatives of the academic staff, students, and graduates. On its establishment, the institute assumed responsibility for the diploma courses previously offered by the Yallourn Technical College which had commenced diploma teaching in 1929. Initially, all the Institute's teaching was conducted in the diploma building of the Yallourn Technical College. In 1972 the Institute transferred part of its operations to the first of its permanent buildings on a large campus in rural surrounds near the township of Churchill, ten kilometres south of Morwell and one hundred and sixty kilometres east of Melbourne. The Gippsland Institute of Advanced Education was opened on 20 November 1976 by the Honourable Lindsay Thompson, Deputy Premier of Victoria and Minister of Education; and Senator J.L. Carrick, Minister for Education in the Commonwealth Government. Silver and yellow soft covered booklet celebrating the opening of the Gippsland Institute of Advanced Education at Churchill, Victoria. An introduction is written by C.H. Ford, President of Council. The book was designed and produced by the design Centre, G.I.A.E. SChool of Visual Arts.gippsland institute of advanced education, m.w. hopper, c.h. ford, lindsay thompson, j.l. carrick, r.w. muncey, churchill, yallourn, morwell, yallourn technical school, yuncken freeman architects, f.a. gray, f.r. goddard, j. milton-smith, j.r. lawry, b.r. groves, c.p.a. hos, c.w. tolley, k.f. smith, j. dowsley, robert charles bigelow, charles hartley ford, daniel eric kent, barbara lapin, john charles mcgauran, neville thompson, john charles vinall, leslie alfred galvin, maxwell francis gray, john alfred forster oram, donald robert hannington, john perrin kellaway, john james robertson, leslie lawrence shipp, valerie lorraine willington, leonard allan falk, kwong chiu lee dow, brenton robert groves, glen william drover, kenneth francis gibson, maxwell wallace hopper, teunis jan geerit korevaar, j.j. robertson, d.f. kretlow, chancellor and patrick, churchill campus, gippsland campus collection -
Port Melbourne Historical & Preservation Society
Poster, John KIRBY, Bayside Barber Shop, June 2010
Dated 1886 on it's facade, the first listing in Sands & MacDougall Directories for O'Brien's Terrace does not occur until 1891. However, Mr A BROWN is noted as running his hairdressing business at this address from 1887. In 1896 Port Melbourne streets were renumbered and the address of his premises became 149 Bay Street. From that period it has been used as a hairdressing establishment by a number of people & companies. In 1901 the second in a series of hairdressers occupied the premises and the CODESPOTI brothers [see updated information below] continued the tradition when they took over the premises in 1985, naming their business, Bayside Barber Shop. Update July 2024: Reza SABAHI, who currently operates as a barber from the same shop, contacted us with updated information. Domenic CODESPOTI was Tony CODESPOTI's father. Reza SABAHI took over the premises in September 2017 and operates it as Barbers of Port Melbourne proudly continuing the history of barbers at O'Brien's Terrace.A4 copy of poster for Bayside Barber Shop in O'BRIEN's Terrace, Port Melbourneo'brien's terrace, bayside barber shop, domenic codespoti, tony codespoti, mr a brown, charles skegg, a.c. fitzgerald, james burke, v clifford, b wilkins, a dowling, j r willoughby, mrs n wooding, charlie goldfarb, barbers of port melbourne, reza sabahi -
Uniting Church Archives - Synod of Victoria
Photograph, December 1918
Martha Downes was born at Codrington in 1880. She was grand-daughter of the first Presbyterian minister of Clunes. As a child she belonged to the Erskine congregation. She was trained at the Deaconess' Institute and was appointed to the Fitzroy Mission, where the Rev. A.I. Davidson was Superintendent. Miss Downes was placed in charge of the Gore St. branch of the Mission. She started a Sunday morning children's church, a Sunday School, a Sunday evening service, a mothers' meeting, a girls' and boys' club and other activities. She helped raise funds for the Young St. Mission Hall, which was built in 1912. In 1914 Sister Downes retired due to ill health, but returned in 1915 to take charge of the Erskine Mission. Her interest in girls led to the establishment of Erskine Hostel, in a delicensed hotel in Rathdown St. Carlton, where classes, guilds, club meetings and services were held. Martha Downes died on 24 February 1920.Oval, sepia toned three quarter length studio portrait of Sister Martha Downes, mounted on brown card. Sister Martha is dressed in the uniform of the Presbyterian Sisterhood."Aunt Marion, With all good wishes for Christmas and the New Year 1918-1919"martha downes, sisterhood, presbyterian, clunes, deaconess' institute, fitzroy mission, rev. a.i. davidson, erskine mission, erskine hostel, young street mission hall -
Uniting Church Archives - Synod of Victoria
Photograph, Undated c.1900
Martha Downes was born at Codrington in 1880. She was grand-daughter of the first Presbyterian minister of Clunes. As a child she belonged to the Erskine congregation. She was trained at the Deaconess' Institute and was appointed to the Fitzroy Mission, where the Rev. A.I. Davidson was Superintendent. Miss Downes was placed in charge of the Gore St. branch of the Mission. She started a Sunday morning children's church, a Sunday School, a Sunday evening service, a mothers' meeting, a girls' and boys' club and other activities. She helped raise funds for the Young St. Mission Hall, which was built in 1912. In 1914 Sister Downes retired due to ill health, but returned in 1915 to take charge of the Erskine Mission. Her interest in girls led to the establishment of Erskine Hostel, in a delicensed hotel in Rathdown St. Carlton, where classes, guilds, club meetings and services were held. Martha Downes died on 24 February 1920.Sepia toned postcard format photograph of the Presbyterian Church, Clunes, Victoria. Two ladies and a gentleman stand on the steps of the Church. "Presbyterian Church" on front. Handwritten letter to Martha Downes on reverse.martha downes, sisterhood, presbyterian, clunes, deaconess' institute, fitzroy mission, rev. a.i. davidson, erskine mission, erskine hostel, young street mission hall -
Peterborough History Group
Memorabilia - President and Captain Honour Board
The board records the Captains and Presidents of the Club from 1958, when the club was formally founded but prior to the establishment of the current clubhouse. PRESIDENT CAPTAIN 1958 – 74 N. Calvert 1958 – 89 J.S. Irvine 1975 – 77 M. Murnane 1990 - 96 A. N. Calvert 1978 – 87 H.W. Ryan 1997 – 99 J. E. Leishman 1988 – 89 D. Bradshaw 2000 – 01 W. Wood 1990 – 92 C. W. Whitehead 2002 – 05 D, Bradshaw 1993 – 97 M. R. Beer 2005 – 06 G. Drake 1998 – 01 M. Foley 2007 – 09 T. Smith 2002 – 03 W. Wood 2010 – 12 B. Flanders 2004 – 08 B. Hallows 2013 – 15 A. Haberfield 2009 – 16 J. Leishman 2016 – 20 D. Bradshaw 2017 - D. Hills 2021 - J. Watene Significant because it records the names of Club Presidents and Captains over the years. K W Creighton was an associate of golf club member Percy Stafford. It is unclear why Mr Creighton felt compelled to donate the honour board.2 ft x 3 ft timber honour board with carved columns at each side and arch at the top.Inscribed in gold "Presented by Mr & Mrs K W Creightonpeterborough golf club, sporting honour boards, k creighton -
Melbourne Legacy
Furniture - Desk, Savige / Markham Desk, 1936
In his early years Stan Savige had a special friend, Perc Markham, with whom he grew up and attended South Yarra Baptist Church. Perc was rejected on medical grounds when he sought to enlist for service in World War 1. He worked with his father in the building business and established a reputation as a builder and renovator of houses. After the foundation of Legacy, Stan Savige utilised the services of Perc for Legacy tasks on a number of occasions. In token of this relationship, in about 1936, Stan Savige presented this desk to Perc Markham who used it until his death in 1978. The desk then passed into the care of Perc’s son, Lloyd, who perceived that it could be of both historical and sentimental value to Melbourne Legacy. He presented it to Legacy in November 1984 so that it may be used by those who have cause to respect the memory of one whose energies were devoted to the establishment and perpetuation of the Legacy movement. A desk with a direct link to Legacy's founder Legatee Stan Savige.A wooden roll top desk with internal shelves, two with slide out trays and 4 drawers down one side.Metal plaque engraved 'Presented to Melbourne Legacy, 31 October 1984 by Lloyd Markham, son of Perc Markham to whom it was given by Stan Savige in 1936.desk, savige, perc markham -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Booklet - Glittering Gullies
1. Dorothy Dempsey was a student of Arthur Thomas Woodward (see No.2). She was considered a "promising artist" who exhibited in Bendigo and Melbourne in the late 1930's - early 1940's. The Bendigo Art Gallery has one of her paintings. 2. Arthur Thomas Woodward (1865, Birmingham, England- 12/2/1943 Bendigo) Studied and taught art in England, Paris and Antwerp before coming to Victoria in 1889. Whilst briefly the Art Director of the Sale School of Art, he married Emma Jane Stokes in 1892. He then became the Head of the Art Department at the Bendigo School of Mines, where he remained until his retirement in 1921. He was responsible for the art division of the Victorian Gold Jubilee Exhibition. and was heavily involved in the establishment of the Bendigo Art Gallery. He lived at "The Roselands", View Street, where he also conducted private art lessons after his retirement.Beige soft cover booklet of 32 pages. Titled 'Glittering Gullies' a compilation of 15 B&W sketches by Dorothy Dempsey of mining scenes and buildings. Inside is a loose card of a handwritten invitation to the announcement of the publication of 'Glittering Gullies.' Dorothy Dempsey was a student of Arthur T Woodward, Bendigo. mining gullies, bendigo -
8th/13th Victorian Mounted Rifles Regimental Collection
Uniform - Heritage mannequin
The Heritage Troop of 8/13 Victorian Mounted Rifles was a very public face of the regiment during the 1980s and early 1990s. It conducted one royal escort, several vice-regal escorts and numerous VIP escorts in the border, north-east and wider Victorian locations. The royal duty was at the opening of Hopkins Barracks, Puckapunyal by HRH Prince Charles accompanied by HRH Princess Diana, 31 October 1985. Major General Kevin Cooke GOC 3rd Division authorised the establishment of the troop in February 1980. Captain (later Major) Robert Morrison was the troop leader and the driving force behind the concept seeing potential where others did not. The troop was made up mainly by serving members of 8/13 but did include some civilian members. Training and advice came from former light horsemen: Des Martin (8LH), Norm Whitehead (21LH), Bob Fyffe (20LH) and Fred Trickey (Riding Master RMC). Mannequin dressed in the uniform of a sergeant of the 8/13 Victorian Mounted Rifles Light Horse Heritage Troopmilitary, light horse, heritage, vmr