Part of a large donation of items once owned by members of the Christian and Washfold families in Kew. Henry Christian (c.1809-91) was one of the first settlers in Kew. He arrived in Victoria with his wife Agnes and son Orlando in 1855 on the Gypsy Queen. He established a rope-making business in Bulleen Road by 1858 but was declared insolvent two years later. In his final years, he was celebrated as one of the oldest living settlers of the district. His son, Orlando Henry Beater Christian (c.1853-1930) became a member of the Hawthorn Band and a foundation member of the Willsmere Swimming Club. Orlando and his wife Elizabeth had four children: Henry Beater (1886-1962), Ada Susannah May (1888-1962), Orlando Julius (1891-1917) and Lilian Adelaide ( -1956). Ada married George Herrick Washfold, and had four children.Metal rimmed optical glasses in a rigid metal and leather case.optical glasses, christian-washfold collection

Part of a large donation of items once owned by members of the Christian-Washfold families of Kew. Henry Christian (c.1809-91) was one of the first settlers in Kew. He arrived in Victoria with his wife Agnes and son Orlando in 1855 on the Gypsy Queen. He established a rope-making business in Bulleen Road by 1858 but was declared insolvent two years later. In his final years, he was celebrated as one of the oldest living settlers of the district. His son, Orlando Henry Beater Christian (c.1853-1930) became a member of the Hawthorn Band and a foundation member of the Willsmere Swimming Club. Orlando and his wife Elizabeth had four children of which Henry Beater (1886-1962) was the oldest.Gold scales encased in a rectangular hinged Japanned tin case. Old label on inside of case unreadable. String requires repair and audit of components.gold scales, christian-washfold collection

Henry Christian (c.1809-91) was one of the first settlers in Kew. He arrived in Victoria with his wife Agnes and son Orlando in 1855 on the Gypsy Queen. He established a rope-making business in Bulleen Road by 1858 but was declared insolvent two years later. In his final years, he was celebrated as one of the oldest living settlers of the district. His son, Orlando Henry Beater Christian (c.1853-1930) became a member of the Hawthorn Band and a foundation member of the Willsmere Swimming Club. Three newspaper articles relating to the Willsmere Swimming Club of which ‘Olly’ Christian was the only life-member. Also of his death in 1930. orlando henry beater christian, willsmere swimming club, christian-washfold collection

Henry Christian (c.1809-91) was one of the first settlers in Kew. He arrived in Victoria with his wife Agnes and son Orlando in 1855 on the Gypsy Queen. He established a rope-making business in Bulleen Road by 1858 but was declared insolvent two years later. In his final years, he was celebrated as one of the oldest living settlers of the district. His son, Orlando Henry Beater Christian (c.1853-1930) became a member of the Hawthorn Band and a foundation member of the Willsmere Swimming Club. Two newspaper articles about the Willsmere Swimming Club and ‘Olly’ Christian. orlando henry beater christian, willsmere swimming club, christian-washfold collection

Henry Christian (c.1809-91) was one of the first settlers in Kew. He arrived in Victoria with his wife Agnes and son Orlando in 1855 on the Gypsy Queen. He established a rope-making business in Bulleen Road by 1858 but was declared insolvent two years later. In his final years, he was celebrated as one of the oldest living settlers of the district. His son, Orlando Henry Beater Christian (c.1853-1930) became a member of the Hawthorn Band and a foundation member of the Willsmere Swimming Club. Orlando and his wife Elizabeth had four children: Henry Beater (1886-1962), Ada Susannah May (1888-1962), Orlando Julius (1891-1917) and Lilian Adelaide ( -1956). Ada married George Herrick Washfold, and had four children: Lilian Mavis, Orlando George Barnard, William Edwin and Henry Clifford (the husband of the donor).Three newspaper articles about the Willsmere Swimming Club and ‘Olly’ Christian.orlando henry beater christian, willsmere swimming club, christian-washfold collection

Henry Christian (c.1809-91), the grandfather of the photographer, was one of the first settlers in Kew. He arrived in Victoria with his wife Agnes and son Orlando in 1855 on the Gypsy Queen. He established a rope-making business in Bulleen Road by 1858 but was declared insolvent two years later. In his final years, he was celebrated as one of the oldest living settlers of the district. His son, Orlando Henry Beater Christian (c.1853-1930) became a member of the Hawthorn Band and a foundation member of the Willsmere Swimming Club. Orlando and his wife Elizabeth had four children of which Henry Beater Christian (1886-1962) was the oldest.An album of photographs, compiled by Henry Beater Christian (1886-1962) of Pakington Street, Kew, depicting individuals, natural and settled environments and the interactions between these worlds. Henry Christian, was a keen explorer, not just of his immediate environment but also of the Victorian wilderness. His major opus is contained in two albums in which he records, sometimes in majestic detail and on other occasions the intimate features of the natural world. His photographic travels during the 1920s, often in solitary ramblings but on other occasions with companions, recall the heroic landscape photography of an earlier era, pioneered by Nicholas Caire. In addition to their aesthetic value, the albums are historically significant records within the State of Victoria, of what is now a distant point in time, and of places that have become radically altered through human intervention.Digital copy of a 47-page photograph album containing 255 gelatinous silver images, loaned by Diane Washfold with permission given to digitise and hold a copy in our collection. The album contains a groups of photographic positives taken by Henry B Christian (a resident of Pakington Street), of places in Kew and throughout regional Victoria during the 1920s. The mainly sepia photographs, while small, are of a high resolution. Photographs are typically lightly glued onto pages. Locations are frequently identified by white or black ink, which in a number of cases is illegible due to wear.henry beater christian (1886-1962), landscape photography, photograph albums, kew (vic.) — yarra river, kew (vic.) — zig-zag bridge, kew (vic.) — macauley’s boathouse, studley park (vic.) — yarra river, wonderland — grampians (vic.), black spur (vic.), marysville (vic.), maroondah dam (vic.) — construction, warburton (vic.), cockatoo (vic.), bruthen (vic.), swan reach road (vic.), glen hills (vic.), lightning creek (vic.), omeo (vic.), glen wills (vic.), mt wills (vic.), sunnyside (vic), granite flat (vic.), toolangi (vic.), yea (vic, )., flowerdale (vic.), mt white law (vic.), baw baw (vic.), christian-washfold collection

Henry Christian (c.1809-91), the grandfather of the photographer, was one of the first settlers in Kew. He arrived in Victoria with his wife Agnes and son Orlando in 1855 on the Gypsy Queen. He established a rope-making business in Bulleen Road by 1858 but was declared insolvent two years later. In his final years, he was celebrated as one of the oldest living settlers of the district. His son, Orlando Henry Beater Christian (c.1853-1930) became a member of the Hawthorn Band and a foundation member of the Willsmere Swimming Club. Orlando and his wife Elizabeth had four children of which Henry Beater Christian (1886-1962) was the eldest.An album of photographs, compiled by Henry Beater Christian (1886-1962) of Pakington Street, Kew, depicting individuals, natural and settled environments and the interactions between these worlds. Henry Christian, was a keen explorer, not just of his immediate environment but also of the Victorian wilderness. His major opus is contained in two albums in which he records, sometimes in majestic detail and on other occasions the intimate features of the natural world. His photographic travels during the 1920s, often in solitary ramblings but on other occasions with companions, recall the heroic landscape photography of an earlier era, pioneered by Nicholas Caire. In addition to their aesthetic value, the albums are historically significant records within the State of Victoria, of what is now a distant point in time, and of places that have become radically altered through human intervention.Digital copy of a photograph 24-page album loaned by Diane Washfold with permission given to photograph and hold a copy in our collection. The album contains series of photographic positives taken by Henry Christian (a resident of Pakington Street), of places in Kew and throughout regional Victoria during the late 1920s. The mainly sepia photographs, while small, are of a very high resolution. Photographs are typically lightly glued onto pages. Individual pages may be identified by white ink, which in a number of cases is illegible due to wear. Identifiable locations include: Walhalla, Thomson River, Aberfeldy, Matlock, Jericho, Jordan River, Jamieson, Harrietville, Mt Feathertop, the Alpine Road, Cape Patton, Melbourne, and Kew.henry christian (1886-1962), landscape photography, photograph albums, walhalla (vic.) -- history —— photographs, thomson river (vic.) — history —— photographs, aberfeldy (vic.) -- history —— photographs, matlock (vic.) -- history —— photographs, jericho (vic.) -- history —— photographs, jordan river (vic.) -- history —— photographs, jamieson (vic.) -- history —— photographs, harrietville (vic.) -- history —— photographs, mt feathertop (vic.) -- history —— photographs, alpine road (vic.) -- history —— photographs, kew (vic.) — history—— macauley’s boathouse — photographs, kew (vic.) —— history - kew lunatic asylum — photographs, kew canoe club history — — photographs, cape patton — history— photographs, coronation — george vi — melbourne (vic.), christian-washfold collection

Henry Christian (c.1809-91), the grandfather of the photographer, was one of the first settlers in Kew. He arrived in Victoria with his wife Agnes and son Orlando in 1855 on the Gypsy Queen. He established a rope-making business in Bulleen Road by 1858 but was declared insolvent two years later. In his final years, he was celebrated as one of the oldest living settlers of the district. His son, Orlando Henry Beater Christian (c.1853-1930) became a member of the Hawthorn Band and a foundation member of the Willsmere Swimming Club. Orlando and his wife Elizabeth had four children of which Henry Beater Christian (1886-1962) was the eldest.Small black and white photograph of the Yarra River at Studley Park. In the middle ground, a man is paddling a canoe upstream. On the horizon, the tower and buildings of Raheen in Studley Park Road can be seen.henry christian (1886-1962), landscape photography, kew canoe club history — — photographs, yarra river -- studley park -- kew (vic.), christian-washfold collection

Henry Christian (c.1809-91), the grandfather of the photographer, was one of the first settlers in Kew. He arrived in Victoria with his wife Agnes and son Orlando in 1855 on the Gypsy Queen. He established a rope-making business in Bulleen Road by 1858 but was declared insolvent two years later. In his final years, he was celebrated as one of the oldest living settlers of the district. His son, Orlando Henry Beater Christian (c.1853-1930) became a member of the Hawthorn Band and a foundation member of the Willsmere Swimming Club. Orlando and his wife Elizabeth had four children of which Henry Beater Christian (1886-1962) was the eldest.Small black and white photograph of the walkway of the Zig-zag Bridge over the Yarra River at Studley Park.henry christian (1886-1962), landscape photography, yarra river -- studley park -- kew (vic.), zig-zag bridge -- yarra river -- kew (vic.), christian-washfold collection

Henry Christian (c.1809-91), the grandfather of the photographer, was one of the first settlers in Kew. He arrived in Victoria with his wife Agnes and son Orlando in 1855 on the Gypsy Queen. He established a rope-making business in Bulleen Road by 1858 but was declared insolvent two years later. In his final years, he was celebrated as one of the oldest living settlers of the district. His son, Orlando Henry Beater Christian (c.1853-1930) became a member of the Hawthorn Band and a foundation member of the Willsmere Swimming Club. Orlando and his wife Elizabeth had four children of which Henry Beater Christian (1886-1962) was the eldest.Small black and white photograph of the Zig-zag Bridge over the Yarra River at Studley Park.henry christian (1886-1962), landscape photography, yarra river -- studley park -- kew (vic.), zig-zag bridge -- yarra river -- kew (vic.), christian-washfold collection

The telescope is original to the Wilsons Promontory Lightstation and was provided by the Department of Shipping and Transport in about 1900. The device magnifies images of distant objects through its curved interior mirrors, and lightkeepers used this telescope to monitor and record the names of ships, the time they passed, and their direction, as well as read meanings of flags and other visual signals communicated by vessels. The telescope is similar to Cape Nelson’s two metre long telescope, which is included in the VHR registration for the Cape Nelson Lightstation. It is particularly important for its good condition, completeness and confirmed provenance and has first level contributory significance to the cultural heritage values of the lightstation..1 Brass telescope, cylindrical tube shape with mobile interfolding sections. Middle section of tube has been covered with textile or leather and painted black. Narrow plaited rope fixed as a border to this section is also painted black. .2. The telescope is attached by a brass fitting to a wooden tripod on a three legged triangular ply wood base with three castors.

The forty-two navigational flags appear to be a complete set. Their purpose-built, grey painted wooden locker is divided into forty-two pigeonholes, each holding one of the rolled up flags. It is simply built and stands on short legs and was originally open-fronted, but has since been covered with a protective clear Perspex panel. The set of alphabetic and numeric visual signalling flags (including substitute and answering pennants) are made of wool in various colour combination designs, with canvas sewn to one end that is threaded with hemp rope. Some of the flags have metal clips attached to the rope. The flags were used for communicating messages to passing ships. Knowledge of visual signalling was mandatory for all lightkeepers and all stations maintained a set of flags. Although used for centuries, visual flag signalling formally developed in the nineteenth century and was published internationally as a system in 1857. By the early twentieth century it had developed into an effective means of conveying all kinds of short range visual messages. Most flags are in good condition and their first level significance is enhanced by their completeness and integrity as a set still housed in their original locker, and by the signal charts that remain in the museum collection which offer further insights into visual signalling.1 - 42. Navigational flag set of 42 individual flags. Coloured linen with canvas sewn to one end which has hemp rope threaded through it. Some flags have metal clips attached to the ends of the hemp rope. 43. Wooden cupboard divided into sections with wooden divides. Used to house the 42 flags. • 1. navy & white. 2. navy & yellow. 3. navy & white. 4. white. 5. red & yellow. 6. yellow & navy. 7. yellow & navy. 8.red. 9.red & white. 10. white & navy. 11. red & navy & white. 12.yellow & navy & & red. 13.navy & white. 14. navy & white. 14. navy & white. 15.navy & white. 16. navy & yellow. 17. yellow & white. 18. white & red. 19. white & red. 20. yellow & red. 21. white & navy. 22. yellow & navy. 23. navy & white. 24. white & navy. 25.red & white. 26. navy & white. 27.red & white. 28.red & white. 29. red & navy. 30. white & navy. 31. yellow. 32.red 7 navy. 33. red. 34 navy,white,red & yellow.35. red & blue. 36. white & red. 37. navy & yellow. 38.red, yellow & white. 39. white. 40. white & red. 41. yellow & red. 42.navy. 43.custom built wooden open cupboard divided into sections to house flags.Yes

David Gordon Collection. Original sepia photograph (mounted on card backing) of soldiers in uniform posed in a military camp. Subjects are residents of Tarnagulla and other towns in surrounding district. All subjects served in First World War, dating the image to circa 1914-1918. A note accompanying a copy of this photo (THA-2019.0024) gives the following names: (Left to Right) Back Row: 1. ______________ 2. _______________ 3. Bert Whimpey 4. Bill Langan 5. Will Kilgour 6. Claude Whimpey 7. _______________ 8. ________________ Front Row: 1. Perce Ison 2. Arthur Whimpey 3. Syd Akers 4. Dave Roper

SKI TICKETS Before tows and lifts were introduced at Falls Creek, it could take skiers 20 minutes to climb to the Summit … but only TWO minutes to go back to the bottom. The arrival of tows, then chairlifts and T-bars changed the face of skiing forever. The first rope tow was constructed by Toni St. Elmo for the 1951 winter season. Bob Hymans installed a smaller tow for his guests at Skyline Lodge. Tows were still quite slow, so in 1956 Bob Hymans created his single chairlift. In 1958 the Village rope tow, designed by Albury engineer Jock Wilson, opened. It was financed by shareholders including Bill Griffith (Bowna Ski Club) and the Bridgford family (St. Trinian’s Ski Club). Several other tows followed including the Summit T-bar in 1961, built by Ron McCallum and operated by Alpine Developments Pty. Ltd. which was a company formed by C. H. (Bill) Bridgford. By 1982 Falls Creek was served by 16 different lifts or T-bars, all owned and operated by Alpine Developments (Holdings) Pty. Ltd. During the development of Falls Creek, different methods have been used to pay for the use of tows, lifts and T-bars … including metal tokens, single tickets, strips of tickets and season passes. The Falls Creek Historical Society Collection includes many examples of these items.These ski passes are significant because they were issued to a pioneer of the ski industry in Falls Creek, Victoria.Passes for Phyl and Bill Bridgford for 1991' Charles (Bill) Bridgeford built a family lodge called St. Trinian's in the early 1950s. Bill had previously worked in the family shipping firm and had been Member for South Eastern in the Victorian Parliament. He became one of the shareholders in the Village rope tow which had been a failure partly because too many people had been involved. In 1960 Bridgeford approached Toni St. Elmo with an offer to buy the Nissen tow and Nissen Lodge which was accepted. With friends Geoff Henke and Ron McCallum, an engineer, he formed Alpine Developments (Holdings) Pty. Ltd. Ron had also been Lift Manager at Mt. Buller and together they acquired the Village rope tow and replaced it with a T-bar. They gained the franchise to operate all ski lifts and T-bars and later the Falls Creek Ski School. Alpine Developments (Holdings) Pty. Ltd continued to expand the lift network until 1983 when the lifts were sold to Transfield.Card 1 - 91 Season Adult BILL BRIDGFORD "SNOW CRYSTAL" Card 2 - 91 Season Adult PHYL BRIDGFORD "SNOW CRYSTAL" Card 3 - 91 ADULT MORNING AUG 18 - 18 VIC VETERANS RACE !! On Reverse - instructions $032.00 Card 4 - 91 1 DAY ADLT JUL 26 - 26 FRYERS FRIDAY FRENZY On Reverse - instructions $043.00bill bridgford, 1991 season pass, vic veterans race falls creek 1991

In June 1903 some of the Friendly Societies in Bacchus Marsh formed an association to play Rope Quoits tournaments. The first tournament concluded after a series of matches in September 1903. The winners of the tournament were presented with a trophy in the form of an illuminated photographic portrait of the winning players. Reports of a Rope Quoits Association being formed for Friendly Societies members appeared in the Bacchus Marsh Express from 13 June 1903. Reports of the weekly tournaments subsequently appeared in the Express through June to September 1903. A detailed account of the final tournament and the illuminated photographic portrait presented to the winning players appeared in the Bacchus Marsh Express on 26 September, 1903, page 3, column 1.This illuminated photographic portrait is significant because it depicts evidence of recreational activities and social groups which were active in the 1900s. Framed photographic portraits of Bacchus Marsh Friendly Society membersConcord Tent No. 140 Friendly Societies Rope Quoit Tournament bacchus marsh friendly societies, quoits, games

Murray Comrie Collection. Subjects are posed in front of a building known locally as Victoria Hotel, now the Tarnagulla Public Hall.. Monochrome photograph of soldiers in uniform assembled in front of Victoria Hotel, in the main street of Tarnagulla. The men in uniform are all returned soldiers from the Tarnagulla district. They were drawn together to form the Guard of Honour on the occasion of the unveiling of the nearby War Memorial. Accompanied by a note that gives the following names: (Left to Right) Back Row: 1. _________ 2. George Graham 3. _____________ 4. Bob Clark 5. Joe Harwood Middle Row: 1. W. Kilgour 2. Perc. Ison 3. Lew Allen 4. Sam Patterson 5. Harry Bool 6. Bob Abbott 7. Will Smith Front Row: 1. Arthur Whimpey 2. Sgt ___ Graham 3. Les Radnell 4. Dave Roper 5. Fred Jackson 6. Bill James (David Gordon notes: This is not William James. He had been KIA by the time of the photograph.) tarnagulla, war, military, service, soldiers, veterans, ww1, first world war, graham, clark, harwood, kilgour, ison, allen, patterson, bool, whimpey, radnell, roper, jackson, james, abbott, smith

Murray Comrie Collection.Monochrome photograph of soldiers in uniform posed in a military camp. Subjects are residents of Tarnagulla and other towns in surrounding district. All subjects served in First World War, dating the image to circa 1914-1918. Accompanied by a note that gives the following names: (Left to Right) Back Row: 1. ______________ 2. _______________ 3. Bert Whimpey 4. Bill Langan 5. Will Kilgour 6. Claude Whimpey 7. _______________ 8. ________________ Front Row: 1. Perce Ison 2. Arthur Whimpey 3. Syd Akers 4. Dave Roper tarnagulla, war, military, service, soldiers, veterans, ww1, first world war, kilgour, whimpey, langan, ison, akers, roper

Article appeared in Lakes Post Newspaper page 1, 12 March 1992, names of men unknown.Black and white photograph two workmen with rope and slings to move the WW1 Memorial, from foreshore on Esplanade to new site at Marine Parade, Lakes Entrance, Victoria.world war 1914-1918, world war 1939 - 1945, memorials, relocation

Part of the Leo Reoch Cohn Collection. See Catalogue No. 5527.2 for his service record.Darl brown canvas duffle bag with rope drawstring threaded through brass eyelets. Bag has a number of hand painted labels on the outside.Hand painted on the bottom of the bag in white and orange: ' 1039, VIC'. Hand painted on the side of the bag in white and orange: 'L. COHN, 1039, No 1 L.C. PATROL'.equipment, duffle bag, leo reoch cohn

Copy of a document from an original source, handwritten and partly typed. Details the 104 Rules that applied to the Melbourne Tramway and Omnibus Company grip men for cable tram operations. Gives rules for their personal behaviour, duties, operations, management of passengers, shunting, use of the gong, not converse with passengers, what to do if a flock of sheep on the line, use of the grip, stop and starting of the tram (known as a train), care of the rope, end of the shift duties and knowledge of the Rules and Regulations.Yields information about the rules that Melbourne cable tram grip men operated by.Set of two blue foolscap handwritten sheets consisting of five sheets each (Rules 1 to 76) and one typed sheet (Rules 77 to 104) titled Melbourne Tramway & Omnibus Co - abstracts of Rules for Gripmentramways, trams, cable trams, grip men, rules, mtoco

The Double Deckers are built on Leyland TD5c chassis, with bodies by Leyland (1), Cheetham & Borwick (17), Martin & King (17) and J A Lawton & Sons (10) – a total of 45. The photo was taken at the Central Bus Garage North Fitzroy. All the DDs were ready for service in April 1940, but their issue to service was delayed due to the war effort to save fuel – continuing with the cable tram until the rope was almost worn out. They were not a success in Bourke St and were replaced by trams in 1955 and 1956.Yields information about the double deck bus fleet that was used to replace cable trams in Bourke St.MMTB Buses line up, prior to roll out in October 1940double deck buses, leyland, north fitzroy bus depot, bourke st, mmtb, central bus garage, td5c class, buses, world war ii

Handwritten extract from the Bendigo Advertiser Jan 2nd 1911. ''In absence of Mr McBride, Minister for Mines in the country, officers of the Mines Department were inclined to-day to say much about unwatering the deep Bendigo mines, which is again a pressing problem. Owing to the breaking of the steel wire rope at the victoria Quartz mine, the trouble was intensified. An arrangement had been made by which the companies affected along the line should contribute, but two of the companies, it is stated, suspended operations. A scheme has been placed by Mr Stanfield before the parties interested, and the officers of the Mines Department expressed the hope that for the sake of the future of deep mining, some arrangement should be come to. Unless the companies show a disposition to help themselves substantially, the officers do not think it likely that the Government will co-operate. There are, it was added certain provisions of the Mines Act, and covenants in leases can be enforced, but there is no desire to compel the companies which have carried on in the face of great difficulties, to do anything reasonable.'' Albert Richardson Mining History Collectiongold, drainage problems, drainage problems, new chum mines the drainage question, bendigo advertiser 2/1/1911, mr mcbride, mines department, victoria quartz mine, mr stanfield, mines act, albert richardson.

Handwritten extract of the Victoria Reef Quartz Half-Yearly Meeting from the Bendigo Advertiser Wed 18/1/1911 Page 5. The meeting lapsed for want of a quorum. Director's Report states unwatering had been vigorously carried on with assistance of the Government. On 20 December, one rope gave out. After discussion, it was decided it was too costly to replace with the present financial condition of the Company. It was also considered that the cost of trying to reach the bottom reef cut in the New Chum Railway could not be continued by baling, as its cost proved too expensive, while it probably could be done profitably and effectively by electric pump, which is now subject to negotiations with the Mines Department.'' Also included is a Balance Sheet. From the Albert Richardson Mining History Collection.document, gold, drainage problems, drainage problems, victoria reef quartz half-yearly meeting, bendigo advertiser, 18/1/1911 page 5, new chum railway, mines department, balance sheet victoria reef quartz, ar

An hourglass or sandglass is an instrument for measuring a defined time and can be used perpetually by simply turning it over immediately the top bulb empties. The clear blown glass is shaped into two equal sized bulbs with a narrow passage in the centre and contains uniform sized sand or glass particles in the lower bulb. The width of the neck regulates the constant flow of the particles. The glass is held in a stand with top and bottom of equal shape and size. Hourglasses can measure an infinite variety of time by gauging the size of the particles, the shape and size of the bulbs and the size of the passage between the bulbs, thus measuring hours or minutes or even seconds. Generally an hourglass sits between discs of wood at the ends, which are joined by long wooden spindles between the ends and tightened by screw caps. The length of time can be adjusted by adding or removing sand particles. The use of the marine sandglass (or hourglass) has been recorded in the 14th century in European shipping. A one minute sandglass was used in conjunction with the ship’s log for ‘dead reckoning’, (see below) that is, for measuring the ship’s speed through the water. They were also used to regulate ringing the ship’s timetable; for example a 4 hour sandglass was used for the length of the sailors’ watch, and a half hour timer for taking of readings for the ship’s log; the ship’s bell would be rung every half hour. It was usually the role of the cabin boy to watch and turn the sandglasses over at the exact time of them emptying their upper chambers and to ring the ship’s bell. Hourglasses have been used historically for many hundreds of years. Some have been used for timing church sermons, in cooking, in industry and at sea. Even today they are used for measuring the cooking time of eggs and timing a player’s turn in games such as Boggle and Pictionary. The sandglasses at sea were gradually replaced in the late 1700’s to early 1800’s by the more accurate chronometers (marine clocks) when they became reliable instruments. DEAD RECKONING (or Deduced Reckoning) Dead reckoning is the term used to describe the method of calculating the ship’s position from its speed and direction, used in early maritime travel, mostly in European waters. Both the (1) speed and the (2) direction of travel were recorded on a Traverse Board at half-hourly intervals during a helmsman’s watch of 4 hours. The navigator would record the readings in his ship’s log, plot them on his navigational chart and give his updated course directions to the next helmsman on watch, along with the cleared Traverse Board. This was a very approximate, but none-the-less helpful, method of navigation. The wooden Traverse Board was a simple pegboard with a diagram of a compass with eight peg holes along the radius to each of the compass points, plus a grid with ascending half hours in the left column and increasing ship’s speed in knots in a row across the column headings, with a peg hole in each of the intersecting cells. A number of wooden pegs were attached to strings on the board. By placing one peg consecutively in the direction’s radius hole, starting from the centre, and the speed holes when the half hourly reading was taken, a picture of speed and direction for the whole 4 hour watch was created. (1) To measure the ship’s speed a one minute hourglass timer was usually used to measure the ship’s speed through the water and help to calculate its longitude. A rope, with knots at regular standard intervals and a weight such as a log at the end, would be thrown overboard at the stern of the ship. At the same time the hourglass would be turned over and a seaman would start counting the number of knots on the rope that passed freely through his hands as the ship travelled. When the timer ran out the counting would be stopped. A timer of one minute (one-sixtieth of an hour), knots spaced one-sixtieth of a nautical mile apart, and simple arithmetic easily gave the speed of the ship in nautical miles per hour ("knots"). This would be recorded every half hour. The speed could however be inaccurate to the travel being affected by ocean currents and wind. (2) To calculate the ship’s direction a compass sighting would be recorded each half hour.Marine hourglasses or sandglasses were used from around the 14th to 19th century during the time of sailing ships. This hourglass is representative of that era, which is during the time of the colonisation of Australia. Hourglass or sandglass; an instrument used to measure time. Two equal sized clear glass bulbs joined with a narrow passage between them, containing equal sized particles of sand grains in lower bulb. Glass sits in a brass collar at each end, in a frame comprising 3 decorative brass columns or posts, each attached top and bottom, using round screw-on feet, to round brass discs. Disc have Roman numerals for the numbers 1 - 12 pressed into their inner surfaces and hieroglyphics on the outer surfaces. Roman numerals on inner surface of discs " I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII " Hieroglyphics impressed on outer surface of discsflagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, horology, hourglass, hour glass, sandglass, sand glass, timing instrument, dead reckoning, deduced reckoning, finding latitude at sea, sandglass with hieroglyphics and roman numerals, hourglass with hieroglyphics and roman numerals, brass hourglass

Set of ten photographs taken or arranged by Carolyn Dean during the 2004 Begonia Festival. On Kodak paper. Nos. 1, 5 and 6 taken on 6/3/2004, remainder 8/3/2004. .1 - Scrubber tram No. 8 showing progress on repainting to MMTB style. .2 - John Phillips photographing John Shaw in front of No. 27, with the destination "Alstom" on depot fan. .3 - John Shaw standing in front of No. 27 .4 - John Shaw attending to the trolley rope of No. 27 .5 - Six BTM standings in front or on No. 27 - John Shaw, Roger Salen, Simon Green, Carolyn Dean, Alastair Reither and John Phillips. .6 - ditto .7 - Wearing their Alstom tops and caps, BTM Crew with 661 and 671 in the background: = left to right - Simon Green, Alastair Reither, John Shaw, Len Millar, Roger Salen , Carolyn Dean, John Phillips, Alan Snowball, Peter Winspur, Stephen Butler and Sam Boon on Monday 8/3/2004. .8 - ditto .9 - as for .3 .10 - as for .1On rear of each photo in ink, date and who took the photograph.btm, begonia festival, alstom, wendouree parade, tram 8, tram 27, tram 661, tram 671

Folder issued for the opening of the St Kilda Light Rail 20-21 November 1987, comprising six items. .1 - Folder - folded green card with the "Metropolitan Transit" logo in the bottom left hand corner .2 - Pamphlet - Light Rail Transit Link - same as Reg Item 457 .3 - News Release or Press Release - two A4 pages titled "Light Rail: Transport for the next Century" - Quotes the Minister Tom Roper, has details on the B class trams. .4 - Opening ticket - see also Reg Item 602 .5 - "Moving Victoria" - 40 page book - card covers, colour printed centre stapled with table of contents setting out the Victorian Government forward look and Transport Budget for 1987 - 1988 - for the various transport departments. .6 - Pamphlet - two fold black and white on gloss paper - titled "What Melbourne's been waiting for arrives this Friday" - published by the Met about the opening of the St Kilda line and free rides.trams, tramways, tickets, st kilda, conversion, light rail, opening, b class, minister for transport

Set of two A4 documents about the future and current situation or status of the Metropolitan Transit Authority of Victoria (The Met). .1 - A3 folded sheet, titled "A message from the Managing Director" signed by Kevin Shea, dated 24/3/1987 setting out the current situation, changes, services, Jolimont, new tram lines, ticketing, vehicles and future planning. Business Plan released the same day by the Minister Tom Roper. .2 - 12 A4 pages - centre stapled printed on orange paper, titled "MTA Business Planning Report No. 1 - Analysis of the Existing situation" - setting out the policy context, goals and objectives, international perspective, patronage and service levels, fares system, human resources, capital investment, financial performance, changing environment, key issues and next stepstrams, tramways, the met, planning, reports, finances, railways, new trams, new track

Report - approx. 90 A4 photocopied sheets, within a green cover preprinted for "The Met", titled "Wattle Park" containing many documents concerned with the history of Wattle Park and its status legally within a black comb binder. Comprises: 1 - Map 2 - two page letter from Tom Roper Minister for Planning and Environment to Jim Kennan Minister for Transport dated 22/11/1988. 3 - two page history 4 - two page extract from the Nov - Dec 1966 issue of MMTB News 5 - 23 pages - handwritten "Notes of Address on early history of Wattle Park given by A. J. Holt to the Box Hill Historical Society Nov. 1986. 6 - 10 page extract of the Act authorising the HTT to acquire the land and extracts from Hansard 7 - 4 page letter by the Office of the Solicitor to The Met Property department 1/12/1986 about the use of the land and charging fees for its use. 8 - 15 page legal advice re the use of the land and its permitted uses. 9 - 13 page follow up advice by P. N. Wikrama dated 20/6/1989 10 - 6 page photocopy of the certificates of title. Each section separated by a green sheet.trams, tramways, wattle park, legal agreements, htt, mmtb, the met, minister for transport