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Port Melbourne Historical & Preservation Society
Document - List of Port Melbourne Hotels & Licencees 1872, 1872
Handwritten list of hotels & their licencees in 1872 believed to have been complied by donor's ancestor, a member of the LOBB family.A4 size handwritten sheet with names, addresses and licencees of Port Melbourne hotels in 1872.business and traders - hotels, built environment - commercial, lobb, h. fonseca, harry hall, william hays, j mcculloch, wm reynolds, g sefton, mrs crockford, andrea lagogiannis, g braithwaite, v sanderson, j carter, g w hall, j michie, t cowling, jas. bartlett, edward suffolk, martin clasby, mrs peatt, w kinyon, william spire, thomas turville, w cruickshank, charles peacock, j williams, william cannon, j bell, michael flanagan, william carroll, j w carr, john allen, j e crockford, charles sharp, henry o'brien, g t potter, f johnson, all england eleven hotel, army & navy hotel, auld reekie hotel, australian hotel, bay view hotel, brunswick pier hotel, chequers inn, chusan hotel, commercial hotel, cosmopolitan hotel, customs house hotel, exchange hotel, fitzjames hotel, floodgate hotel, foresters arms hotel, foundry hotel, fountain inn, freemasons hotel, happy home hotel, hibernian hotel, kent hotel, locomotive hotel, lord raglan hotel, marine hotel, naval brigade hotel, new great britain hotel, pier hotel, president lincoln hotel, prince alfred hotel, retreat inn, royal hotel, ship hotel, station hotel, victoria hotel -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - BUSH COLLECTION: FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND BUDGETS - ST PAUL'S CHURCH OF ENGLAND, 1938-1939
Financial Statements and Budgets - St Paul's Church of England. 1) Annual reports and financial statements for year ended 31st December, 1937. 2) Annual reports and financial statements for year ended 31st December, 1938. 3) Budget for 1938, with letter attachment from Edward H Pickford, (Rector). 4) Budget for 1939, with letter attachment from Edward Pickford (Rector).organization, church, st. paul's -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Newspaper - JENNY FOLEY COLLECTION: TOGETHER
Bendigo Advertiser "The way we were" from Tuesday,July 27, 2004. Together: the family of James Wright gathered at Diggora West the day of his funeral in 1924. Wright came across from England to settle in the area in 1876. Back row from left: Frederick, Joseph, Arthur, Edward, Cecil, George, Samuel, James. Front row: William, Ruby, Charles, Alice, Alfred.newspaper, bendigo advertiser, the way we were -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - CONNELLY, TATCHELL, DUNLOP COLLECTION: LEGAL PAPERS, 1888 - 1907
Document. Various legal documents. 1 - 1907 - Dingee Farmers Cooperative Company Limited. General meeting minutes. Contains booklet memorandum and Articles of Association of the Dingee Farmers Co-operative Company. 1892. Printed by Bolton Bros. Williamson St. Bendigo. 2 - 1896 - Account for Canning Mrs C, administratix of the estate of Canning J N. 3 - 189? - Magee Mrs Emma. Draft copy instructions for Will. Letter from Emma to solicitors. Mentions nephews Fletcher Charles & Adams Percy Henry, sister Wood Mrs Marina, & 2 sisters in England, Adams Rosina and Brown Mary. Executors of Will are Burrowes Hon. Robert, Holmes Edward & Adams Percy Henry. Contains letters to solicitor from Holmes John dated 1888.cottage, miners, connelly, tatchell & dunlop, dingee farmers co-operative co ltd, bolton bros, canning mrs c, canning j n, magee mrs emma, fletcher charles, adams percy henry, wood mrs marina, adams rosina, brown mary, burrowes hon. robert, holmes edward, holmes john -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - THE BENDIGO GOLD DISTRICT GENERAL HOSPITAL
Typed notes on the beginnings and building of the Bendigo Hospital. Written by Mary Fry and dated Oct 1981. It also tells of the expansion and of vegetable growing in the grounds. Also included is a Report from the Australian Medical Journal (April, 1857) on Quacks, Board of Management 1853 and a bibliography.document, the bendigo gold district general hospital, mary fry, mrs clancy, james lawrence, dr wall, dr edward hunt, mr g f walter, first church of england, mr j h walker, dr childs, dr stuart, lands department, vahland and getzschmann, mr john o'shannassy, governor sir henry barkly, mr h trumble, policeman pat ryan, mrs a watson, benevolent asylum, easter fair society, mr j h abbott, lady bowen, george mackay, annals of bendigo, k m bowden, mr lazarus, f mcmahon, training school for nurses, nurses' home, bendigo and northern district base hospital, australian medical journal, rev dr backhaus, gregory, searle, raston, butler, drs mrcrea, tierney, e r jones, wall, roche, smith, barnett, messrs mclachlan, wilkinson, o'connor, emmett, fraser, wollaston, burrell, garsed, edhouse, snowdon, miss w stock, william howitt, w b kimberly, j n mackartney, frank cusack, william perry, geoffrey serle, james smith, the argus, bendigo advertiser, bendigo independent, mount alexander mail, the sandhurst bee, a lady's visit to the gold diggings of australia 1852 - 1853, hurst and blackett, land labour and gold, longman brown green and longmans, bendigo and vicinity, sandhurst as it was and as it is, barrows and co, mackay and co, a history of bendigo 1891, doctors and diggers on the mount alexander goldfields, hedges and bell pty ltd, bendigo, a history, william heinemann australia pty ltd, lister house the story of the northern district school of nursing, hawthorne press, tales of the whipstick, the golden age, melbourne university press, the cyclopedia of victoria, the cyclopedia company, c hurry, bendigo gold district general hospital 1853 - the bendigo and northern district base hospital 1953, cambridge press, w stock, health hazards and care relating to the central victorian goldfields particularly bendigo 1851 - 1871 -
Royal Australasian College of Surgeons Museum and Archives
Diplomatic gift, St Mark's Mallet
The mallet was given to the College by the staff of St Mark’s Hospital, London to celebrate the inauguration of the Proctological (later Colonic and Rectal) Section, on 28 May 1963. It was presented by J.C. Stewart to Alan Lendon, then Vice-President and Chairman of the Court of Examiners. Although it is usually described as a gavel, the form of the piece is in fact that of an ancient stonemason’s mallet. The action required to use it is a straight up-and-down motion, unlike that of a normal gavel, which is handled like a hammer. Made of black bean, 22.5cm high and 12cm in diameter, the mallet rests in a wooden stand made of Queensland walnut, with a square base of English oak. The mallet and stand are housed in a travelling case covered in red leather and lined in red velvet and white satin. On the front of the stand are four crests, those of St Mark’s Hospital, the Royal College of Surgeons of England, the Royal Society of Medicine, and the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons. St Mark’s was founded in 1835 as a specialist hospital for the treatment of fistula in ano, a common condition in the days of travelling on horseback, and other anorectal disorders. Over the years the hospital developed into a centre for gastroenterology, colonic and rectal surgery, and many Australians went to further their training there. Some noted Fellows of the College, including Robert Officer, James Guest, Reg Magee, Brian Collopy and Adrian Polglase, and three Presidents, Mervyn Smith, Sir Edward Hughes and Russell Stitz, are alumni of St Mark’s. This mallet is a reminder of the establishment of a significant surgical section within the College, and is a fitting gift from an institution with which so many eminent Australian surgeons formed close ties.GAVEL ON STAND WITH PAINTED COATS-OF-ARMS IN RED LEATHER PRESENTATION BOXPLAQUE ON GAVEL: "PRESENTED BY THE STAFF OF ST. MARK'S HOSPITAL TO COMMEMORATE THE FOUNDING OF THE PATHOLOGICAL SECTION OF THE RACS 28TH MAY 1963" -
Puffing Billy Railway
Warning Lamp, Appletons Patent Railway, circa 1900
Appletons Patent Railway Warning Lamp with Sherwood Style burner Used by Gangers during track work at night Appletons was an early pioneer of railway lamp signal lamp Alfred Edward Appleton invented and patented the Spinner Railway signal lamp in England in 1897. Appleton lamps were patented and manufactured by Alfred Edward Appleton at a factory in Sherwood during the early 1920's to late 50's and widely used throughout Queensland Railways. Alfred Edward Appleton's father was a railway pointsman and porter on the Great Western Railway in Tewkesbury England Historic - Early Hand signalling Lantern Appletons Patent Railway Warning Lamp made of tin & metal and glassAppletons Patentpuffing billy, appleton warning lamp, lamp -
Wangaratta RSL Sub Branch
Photograph
Photograph of soldiers taken circa 11 October 1914 All enlisted on the 17th of August, 1914 at Wangaratta unless stated otherwise, assigned to the 7th Battalion C Company and identified as follows:- Colour Sergeant William Baker 290 - Prior to enlistment at Essendon was serving with the 58th Battalion. He embarked Australia on the 21/10/14. Brothers Charles POWLEY 347 and John Hall POWLEY 348 from Boweya - Embarked 19/10/14 on HMAT Hororata. Charles aged 21 years KIA 25/4/15 at Gallipoli and John returned to Australia on 31/10/15. Charles attended Wangaratta High School. John Crocker 346 was born at Clunes and enlisted at Broadmeadows. He was 36 years old, a butcher by trade and served with the 2nd Scottish Horse in the Boer War. His mother was listed as next of kin residing in Bracknell Tasmania He was wounded at Gallipoli and discharged on 19/1/1917 Nelson Albert Hardy 363 Born in England and a butcher by trade .KIA 23/8/1915 at Gallipoli aged 22 Edward Fahey 364 Ovens Street Wangaratta, Aged 29 years, a Painter by trade. He returned to Australia in December 1915 and appointed a Recruiting Sergeant. He resigned from this position on 8/5/1916, went AWOL and on 21/7/1920 discharged due to desertion. Joseph Cowham 360 enlisted at Broadmeadows on 19/8/1914. Thomas Peter Williams 404 - Aged 24 and a Blacksmith. He received a gunshot wound to the wrist on 26/5/1915 and returned to Australia. Joseph Nathaniel O'Brien 376 or John William O'Brien 365 both of Rowan Street Wangaratta Handwritten on rear “Wangaratta Boys C Company 7th Battalion October 11th 1914 From Private John Crocker 346”Sepia photograph of 11 men six standing and five kneeling dressed in military uniform wearing forage cap with row of pine trees in background. Photograph is mounted on brown cardboard with handwriting across top border.Rear - Wangaratta Boys C Company 7th Battalion October 11th 1914 From Private John Crocker 346 Front - list of names handwritten in ink J Powly, Col Serg Baker? Corp Naldress?, Private Couham?, C Powly, L Williams N Hardy J Crocker, E Lahy?, J?? K Jarrot? wangaratta, c company, joseph cowham 360, nelson hardy 363, john crocker 346, charles powley 347, john powley 348, hororata, gallipoli, edward fahey 364, thomas peter williams 404, william baker 290, joseph nathaniel o'brien 376, john william o'brien 365, ww1, 7th battalion -
Tatura Irrigation & Wartime Camps Museum
Document - Folder - Family History, Dowell Family History
Assembled to give history of Dowell Family. Includes certificates, family tree of Edward and Mary Ann Dowell (5 generations)Blue folder containing 3 sections: section 3 contains plastic sleeves containing typed and handwritten material. Photo copieddowell family, england and tatura, books, history, family tree -
City of Ballarat
Artwork, other - Public Memorial, Ned Williams Memorial, 1901
Ned Williams was born in Bristol, England in 1825 and died at Ballarat 7 September 1900. Ned took a leading role in transforming what was a swamp (Yuille's Swamp) into the modern day Lake Wendouree. Ned was the establishment and promotion of water sports on the lake, he was well liked in the community and highly regarded as a leading citizen, an athlete, a sportsman and as an oarsman. This memorial was commissioned on his passing in 1900.The item is of aesthetic and historic significance to the people of BallaratA Carrara marble fountain on a basalt base. Eight tiers of marble, the central element is bordered by four pillars with decorative capitals on top. The pillars and capitals are secured with copper allot rod at the upper junction and ferrous rods at the base. Once had a working drinking fountain.Created by the friends of Edward King (Ned) Williams in commemoration of his qualities as a pioneer citizen, oarsman, athlete, and sportsman. Ned Williams Born at Bristol England November 4th 1825, Died at Ballarat September 7th 1900. His heart was kind and true. He took a leading part in transforming Wendouree, from a swampy waste into a picturesque lake and was ever foremost in establishing and promoting aquatic and other manly sports.ned williams ballarat, lake wendouree -
Lake Bolac & District Historical Society
Black and white photograph, Pte Donald Murray meeting Pte Ray Hargreaves in London during WW1
Private Donald Hector Murray greeting Private Edward Raymond Hargreaves in London during WW1. Donald enlisted 17/04/1916 in the 37th Infantry Battalion and embarked for Europe 03/06/1916. He died of Tubercular Pleurisy on 21/12/1916 at the Military Hospital, Fargo England, whilst on active service. He is buried in the Durrington Cemetery there. Edward enlisted in the 5th Infantry Battalion on 08/07/1915 and embarked for France 11/10/1915. Upon his return he was granted a Soldier Settler's block west of Lake Bolac in 1921. He married Flora Graham in 1925. murray, 37th infantry battalion, hargreaves, graham, 5th infantry battalion, london, ww1, fargo military hospital, durrington cemetery, lake bolac -
Robin Boyd Foundation
Slide, Robin Boyd, 1964
In 1964, Robin and Patricia Boyd spent several weeks on a world tour - Boyd took a leading role at the International Design Conference in Aspen and he also visited Chicago, Yale University, and New York’s World Fair. The Boyds then travelled on to England, Finland (especially to see Tapiola), Russia and India to see Le Corbusier's Chandigarh, and also Hong Kong and Thailand.Colour slide in a mount. Stanford Medical Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA, 1959. (Architect: Edward Durell Stone.)Made in USA / US PAT No. 3013354 / 18 / JUN 64W / Encircled 11 (Handwritten)slide, robin boyd -
Uniting Church Archives - Synod of Victoria
Photograph, Undated c.1875
Rev. Edward King (1825 - 1905) Wesleyan minister born in England. Entered the ministry in 1846 in England. Came to Australia in 1857. Stationed at: Melbourne East, Brighton, Creswick, Tarnagulla, Castlemaine, Williamstown, Geelong West, Daylesford, Warrnambool, Williamstown, Preston, Drysdale, Colac, Maldon, Beechworth. President of the Victorian Conference of the Methodist Church of Australasia in 1877. Made a supernumerary in 1893. Died at Armadale in 1905.Sepia toned waist length carte de visite studio portrait of the Rev. Edward King."With love from Ed. King" -
Uniting Church Archives - Synod of Victoria
Photograph, Undate c.1914 - 1918
... Edward Wykeham, Church of England, minister, chaplain... death on 9 November 1934. Edward Wykeham, Church of England ...Edward Wykeham born 31 January 1861. Church of England minister. Chaplain to the Mission to Seamen Kobe Japan. In 1903 was appointed Rector of St. Mary's Perth. Joined the A.I.F. and served in Cairo and the United Kingdom. Returned from military service in 1920. Returned to the United Kingdom in 1922. Rector of Hedgerley, Bucks., at the time of his death on 9 November 1934.Sepia toned three quarter length seated studio portrait of the Rev. Edward Makeham dressed in W.W.I chaplain's uniform. Photo is mounted in a brown card presentation folder.Yours faithfully Edward Makehamedward wykeham, church of england, minister, chaplain, a.i.f. mission to seamen -
Robin Boyd Foundation
Slide, Robin Boyd, 1964
In 1964, Robin and Patricia Boyd spent several weeks on a world tour - Boyd took a leading role at the International Design Conference in Aspen and he also visited Chicago, Yale University, and New York’s World Fair. The Boyds then travelled on to England, Finland (especially to see Tapiola), Russia and India to see Le Corbusier's Chandigarh, and also Hong Kong and Thailand.Colour slide in a mount. Stanford Medical Center, Stanford, California, USA. (Architect: Edward Durell Stone.)Made in USA / US PAT No. 3013354 / 17 / JUN 64Wcalifornia, slide, robin boyd -
Hume City Civic Collection
Photograph, c1907
The Rev. Charles Edward Gayer was the vicar at St. Mary's Church of England in Sunbury during the early decade of the twentieth century.A sepia coloured photo of the Rev and Mrs Gayer with their daughter, Crystal, in a garden setting with an afternoon tea set up. The photo is mounted on a grey cardboard mat. There are a number of stains and some foxing on it and also a number of pin holes and an area of superficial paper loss centre top of the mat.Matson and Frazer 264 Collins Streetgayer, rev charles edward, - (mrs), george evans collection -
National Wool Museum
Knife
Bowie knife, presented to or ordered by Charles John Dennys. Charles John Dennys (1818-1898) arrived from England in 1842 and set up a wool-broking business in 1852 with his cousin Thomas Allen Lascelles and Edward Walton. This became Dennys, Lascelles Ltd and later Dennys, Lascelles, Austin and Co. after prominent grazier Sidney Austin joined the firm in 1881. Dennys was appointed Secretary of the District Council of Grant in 1843 and was elected to the South Barwon municipal council in 1857 ("The Bay, Barwon and Beyond", pp.12-13). The donor is the great grand daughter of Charles Dennys; she found the knife whilst cleaning out an aunt's house and has no knowledge of its provenance. Many bowie knives were exported to America from Sheffield, where a number of manufacturers began making them in the 1800s. This style of knife dates typically from the mid 1800s.Bowie knife made by Morton & Davis, Sheffield and owned by Charles John Dennys (1818-1898), co-founder of the woolbroking firm Dennys, Lascelles Ltd. Bowie knife made by Morton & Davis, Sheffield and owned by Charles John Dennys (1818-1898), co-founder of the woolbroking firm Dennys, Lascelles Ltd.STANLEY / MORTON & DAVIS / CELEBRATED BOWIE KNIFE / SHEFFIELD ASK FOR NOTHING / BUT what is / RIGHT / SUBMIT TO NOTHING THAT IS / WRONG CHARLES JOHN DENNYS.dennys, mr charles john -
Stawell Historical Society Inc
Photograph, Christ Church of England Stawell c1890
Brick Christ Church of England built on a site granted 1862 on Church Hill. Completed in 1863 and demolished in later years and replaced by housing. 4 photographs of brick church in bush settings.0001 Church of England Stawell West 0001-2 Thur. 29 Feb 1940 in Sun Paper of Fri.12 Jan 1940 page 21 Mr. & Mrs. Edward Stephens was married in the church of England Stawell on 11th Jan 1867 now used as a boys Scout Hall.stawell building religion -
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Document - Newsletter, St Edward's Church of England, 28/02/1966
... system. St Edward's Church of England Document Newsletter ...Newsletter and report of the Annual General Meeting talking about plans to build a Vicarage and the separation of St Edward's Parish and asking for offerings in envelope system.st edward's anglican church, blackburn south, watson, raymond -
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Document, Crown Portion 119, c1970
Description of transfers of ownership of Crown Portion 119, Parish of Nunawading, 1858 - 1960, bounded by Whitehorse and Mitcham Roads, Mitcham.morgan, robert rowland, the church of england trusts corporation, mitcham, whitehorse road, mitcham, mitcham road, mitcham, peel street, mitcham, ormond avenue, mitcham, edward street, mitcham, christ church anglican church, mitcham, churches -
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Document, Christ Church, Mitcham
Collection of documents related to Christ Church, Mitcham. Contents: The Church of England Messenger, Article on new church, Mitcham 8 Feb & 10 Apr 1888, Brief History 1925 - 1967 (typescript) c 1970; Chronology of Christ Church, Mitcham, 1925 - 1964 (1966); 'Three score years and two', by Denise Moorhouse. [history of Christ Church 1899 - 1957]christ church anglican church, mitcham, churches, mitcham, edward street, mitcham -
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Wedding Gown, 1871
The wedding gown was worn by Lucy Kneeshaw Prout for her marriage to John Sommers on 29th November, 1871 at Trinity Church of England and Ireland, Williamstown, Victoria. Lucy was born in Woolwich, Kent, England in August 1850 and immigrated to Australia with her family in 1852 on the 'SS Coromandel'. She was the youngest of five children. Their parents were Edward and Elizabeth Prout (nee Hall). Lucy died in 1940 - 90 years of age. John E. Sommers was born in Glasgow, Scotland in 1846 and emigrated to Australia with his family in June 1853 on the 'Tongataboo'. His marriage certificate shows that he was an engineer. He studied at the National Gallery's School of Design under both Clark and Campbell from 1872 to 1879. He drew a compressed charcoal and pencil portrait of Fred McCubbin in 1876. The portrait was displayed in the Golden Summers exhibition at the National Gallery of Victoria in 1985 and is shown on page 40 of the Golden Summers catalogue. Their grand-daughter, Mrs Marjorie Gibson (born 1910) said he was associated with the Heidelberg School and the Box Hill Artists Camp. He is also noted in the 'Book of Australian Artists'. He exhibited prolifically with the Victorian Artists Society until his resignation in 1898. In 1881 John Sommers took employment with the Education Department at Castlemaine (Ref. Golden Summer catalogue - pages 26 and 40). John died in 1930 aged 84 years. John and Lucy Sommers children John and Dora both studied at the National Gallery of Victoria, so senior was added to John E. Sommers Senior's works. There is a short biography on page 26 of Golden Summers. Researched by Valda and Ted Arrowsmith May 2006.One piece old gold Paper Taffeta wedding gown, stand up collar, piped in green taffeta. Forty covered buttons from neck to hemline. Shaped sleeve with 15cm cuff and three buttons. Two rows of seven cm appliqued green and gold shaped fans along hemline. Two rows of green and gold piping and 8cm deep gold fringe. Back of dress has central panel of pleats and six covered buttons and a square cut hem line for the train at back. Dress bodice is lined and has two 7cm bones in side seam.costume, female ceremonial -
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Functional object - Scales
The home of Ester Phillips in 23 Heather Grove, Nunawading was the original Post Office and General Store. Heather lived in the house after Charles Edward Hodges an early Postmaster.Miniature Salter Scales No 18D Small weighing scales - dish for items to be weighed on a triangular support and on a pedestal and base. Calibrated in 1/3rd oz on left hand side and 1/4 oz on the right hand side.Salter No 18D Made in Englandinstruments, weighing, communication, postal -
Rutherglen Historical Society
Image
Black and white photograph of an oil painting by R. Ponsonby Staples, pasted onto cardboard.Caption stuck to back of photo: "England - v - Australia, 1884 | Oil painting by R. Ponsonby Staples (Collection National Gallery of British Sports and Pastimes) | Showing Lord's very much as it is today. On the right is Edward VII when Prince of Wales"cricket, lords cricket ground, edward prince of wales, painting, r ponsonby staples -
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Photograph, Charles Frederick/Francis Rooks
Son of Abraham Rooks, (17/8/1824-1/9/1889) who emigrated from England, 1857 on board the 'Grand Trianon' with wife Sarah, and three children (John, Edward and Edmund). Charles, son of Abraham was elected to Council, 1940. Representing West Central Ward when he died, 1959. Mayor, City of Nunawading 1946-47 and 1955-56.Sepia photograph taken in mayoral robes with hand resting on ornamental chair. Birth registration as Charles Frederick Rooks afterwards known as Charles Francis Rooks.rooks, charles francis -
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Photograph, Church of England, Mitcham
Black and white photograph of the Mitcham Church of England which was erected in Edward Street Mitcham in 1888christ church, anglican church, churches -
Unions Ballarat
The follies of King Edward VII (Don Woodward Collection), Andrews, Allen, 1975
Edward VII was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions and Emperor of India from 1901-1910.Political and monarchical history - United Kingdom, British Dominions and India. Biographical interest.Book; 198 pages. Dust jacket: red background; colour illustration; white lettering; author's name and title. Cover: red background; gold lettering; author's name and title on spine.1. Initials "DHW". 2. "To Dad, With love and best wishes for Christmas 1975. From Fiona and Peter."btlc, ballarat trades and labour council, ballarat trades hall, monarchy - united kingdom, monarchy - kings of england -
Ballarat Heritage Services
Digital photograph, Dorothy Wickham, Tower of London, 2016
The Tower of London, officially Her Majesty's Royal Palace and Fortress of the Tower of London, is a historic castle located on the north bank of the River Thames in central London. It lies within the London Borough of Tower Hamlets, separated from the eastern edge of the square mile of the City of London by the open space known as Tower Hill. It was founded towards the end of 1066 as part of the Norman Conquest of England. The White Tower, which gives the entire castle its name, was built by William the Conqueror in 1078, and was a resented symbol of oppression, inflicted upon London by the new ruling elite. The castle was used as a prison from 1100 (Ranulf Flambard) until 1952 (Kray twins),[3] although that was not its primary purpose. A grand palace early in its history, it served as a royal residence. As a whole, the Tower is a complex of several buildings set within two concentric rings of defensive walls and a moat. There were several phases of expansion, mainly under Kings Richard the Lionheart, Henry III, and Edward I in the 12th and 13th centuries. The general layout established by the late 13th century remains despite later activity on the site. The Tower of London has played a prominent role in English history. It was besieged several times, and controlling it has been important to controlling the country. The Tower has served variously as an armoury, a treasury, a menagerie, the home of the Royal Mint, a public record office, and the home of the Crown Jewels of England. From the early 14th century until the reign of Charles II, a procession would be led from the Tower to Westminster Abbey on the coronation of a monarch. In the absence of the monarch, the Constable of the Tower is in charge of the castle. This was a powerful and trusted position in the medieval period. In the late 15th century the castle was the prison of the Princes in the Tower. Under the Tudors, the Tower became used less as a royal residence, and despite attempts to refortify and repair the castle its defences lagged behind developments to deal with artillery. The peak period of the castle's use as a prison was the 16th and 17th centuries, when many figures who had fallen into disgrace, such as Elizabeth I before she became queen, Sir Walter Raleigh, and Elizabeth Throckmorton were held within its walls. This use has led to the phrase "sent to the Tower". Despite its enduring reputation as a place of torture and death, popularised by 16th-century religious propagandists and 19th-century writers, only seven people were executed within the Tower before the World Wars of the 20th century. Executions were more commonly held on the notorious Tower Hill to the north of the castle, with 112 occurring there over a 400-year period. In the latter half of the 19th century, institutions such as the Royal Mint moved out of the castle to other locations, leaving many buildings empty. Anthony Salvin and John Taylor took the opportunity to restore the Tower to what was felt to be its medieval appearance, clearing out many of the vacant post-medieval structures. In the First and Second World Wars, the Tower was again used as a prison, and witnessed the executions of 12 men for espionage. After the Second World War, damage caused during the Blitz was repaired, and the castle reopened to the public. Today the Tower of London is one of the country's most popular tourist attractions. Under the ceremonial charge of the Constable of the Tower, it is cared for by the charity Historic Royal Palaces and is protected as a World Heritage Site.(Wikipedia) A World Heritage Site is a landmark which has been officially recognized by the United Nations, specifically by UNESCO. Sites are selected on the basis of having cultural, historical, scientific or some other form of significance, and they are legally protected by international treaties. UNESCO regards these sites as being important to the collective interests of humanity. More specifically, a World Heritage Site is an already classified landmark on the earth, which by way of being unique in some respect as a geographically and historically identifiable piece is of special cultural or physical significance (such as either due to hosting an ancient ruins or some historical structure, building, city, complex, desert, forest, island, lake, monument, or mountain) and symbolizes a remarkable footprint of extreme human endeavour often coupled with some act of indisputable accomplishment of humanity which then serves as a surviving evidence of its intellectual existence on the planet. And with an ignoble intent of its practical conservation for posterity, but which otherwise could be subject to inherent risk of endangerment from human or animal trespassing, owing to unmonitored/uncontrolled/unrestricted nature of access or threat by natural or accelerated extinction owing to local administrative negligence, hence it would have been listed and demarcated by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) to have been identified or recognised and officially christened and internationally elevated through multilateral declaration by UNESCO as a universally protected zone. [1] The list is maintained by the international World Heritage Programme administered by the UNESCO World Heritage Committee, composed of 21 UNESCO member states which are elected by the General Assembly. (Wikipedia)The Tower of London is a UNESCO world heritage site.tower of london -
Ballarat Heritage Services
Digital Photograph, Ashbourne, UK
Ashbourne was the village of an historical event. At Ashbourne on 3 December 1745 Charles Edward Stuart declared his father James King of England, Wales and Scotland. Ashbourne is one of Derbyshire's fines and most vibrant market towns. It combines a wealth of historic buildings and shops. The Market Place is cobbles with hidden alleys and yards that lead to the carparks behind the main street. The wide and elegant Church Street is considered to be the finest street of Georgian buildings in Derbyshire. Tissington Hall and Village are in the nearby vicinity. Built by Francis Fitzherbert in 1609 Tissington Hall has been lived in by the Fitzherbert family ever since. The estate village has a number of micro businesses and a beautiful duck pond. Reference: Information from the Ashbourne Tourist pamphlet -
Ballarat Heritage Services
Digital Photograph, Plaque, Ashbourne, UK
Ashbourne is one of Derbyshire's fines and most vibrant market towns. It combines a wealth of historic buildings and shops. The Market Place is cobbles with hidden alleys and yards that lead to the carparks behind the main street. The wide and elegant Church Street is considered to be the finest street of Georgian buildings in Derbyshire. Tissington Hall and Village are in the nearby vicinity. Built by Francis Fitzherbert in 1609 Tissington Hall has been lived in by the Fitzherbert family ever since. The estate village has a number of micro businesses and a beautiful duck pond. Reference: Information from the Ashbourne Tourist pamphletAt Ashbourne on December 3rd 1745, Charles Edward Stuart declared his father James King of England, Wales and Scotland.king james, ashbourne