Black and White Photographic Collection of Various Sizes 7235 Piles of Wheat Baggs -1 Family Group in garden -2 David George & Thomas -3 Arch Maher (front) and George Baylie Carting Wool from PinGrove, around 1915. Page 6 Book Warranook to Wal Wal -4 Home manufactured Tractor Wheel -5 Three ladies 1920’s -6 Picnic -7 Two Girls -8 Sheering Shed -9 Farmhouse with garden -10 Group of men possibly football team -11 Farmhouse -12 War Memorial Stawell with Weigh Bridge and Coffee Palace -13 Car crossing creek -14 Gathering at Wal Wal school -15 Accommodation on wheels -16 4 people standing around a car Perhaps changing a wheel -17 Team of 7 horses drawing a buggy of bagged wheat- -18 Flooded Mt William Creek with shed involvement -19 Group of men dressed in football clothes 2 umpires dressed in white on the R -20 4 people playing tennis -21 Man dressed in a suit and hat teeing off a golf shot -22 a man, a woman and a child near a steam driven timber mill -23 suited men watching a tractor ploughing -24 a weatherboard building on elevated stumps, possibly just been placed there -25 2 coated men pushing a bogged open tourer car -26 a tractor pulling a plough with suited men on both -27 large pile of bagged grain at a railway siding -28 2 women dressed in long clothing -29 a woman and a boy on a veranda -30 a smiling formally dressed woman holding a box -31 probable small weir in a dry river bed -32 Man in army uniform with 1920s tourer car with roof up -33 Man on platform of railway siding He is holding a hoop -34 studio photo of young girl -35 Large pile of bagged wheat at a railway siding -36 Half of a house on a bridge -37 Hatted woman on a horse -38 large group of formally dressed people outside Wal Wal school -39 1930s utility with 2 boys on bumper bar Headlights blacked out in early 1940s -40 2 men with a 4 wheeled horse drawn vehicle. Thatched farm sheds in the background -41 flood scene, Glenorchy -42 Wimmera river in flood Glenorchy -43 Pleasant Creek Hospital with old car on left c.1920 -44 2 women, a man and a boy playing tennis Callawadda 1925 -45 “A lesson in cow cockying”. A boy watching 2 women milking a cow. 1925 -46 A group of men, women and 2 children at a working bee. -47 Wedding group with best man and maid of honour and 2 children carrying flowers. Front of car with streamers -48 wedding couple with best man and matron of honour and 2 flower girls. 2 cars to the left. 1925 -49 Group of school children in national costumes -50 Tractor, harvester , 2 man and some upright bags of crop. -51 2 men harvesting with a tractor pulling a harvester -52 5 bags of cereal with a man, tractor and harvesting in the background. -53 3 wheeled horse drawn vehicle with a woman on the cart -54 Derailed train carriage , still upright. Adelaide Express 1923 -55 wheels of over turned railway carriage Several people in background 1923 -56 close up of train carriage wheel and bogey. Several people in background. 1923 -57 5 draught horses abreast, pulling a farm implement with a man by the implement. -58 2 hay stacks shaped with high pitch A man and a fence in the foreground -59 Huge log of wood on a 4 wooden wheeled carrier -60 4 people standing on the spillover on the Little Wimmera -61 car with a woman driver, holding a young child. A boy standing nearby -62 3 men and 2 women sitting at Glenorchy tennis -63 4 horses with a farm implement -64 3 men, a horse and boxes on the left -65 5 people at a tennis party -66 4 tennis players at Glenorchy 1925 -67 group of men dressed in white, women in white with white bonnets standing around a seated man and woman -68 veranda in front of a country home with lattice on a side of the house -69 front of a house with a family of 5 on the veranda -70 a couple standing in front of Wal Wal school, nearing completion Various -

Black and White Photographic Collection of Various Sizes 7235 Piles of Wheat Baggs -1 Family Group in garden -2 David George & Thomas -3 Arch Maher (front) and George Baylie Carting Wool from PinGrove, around 1915. Page 6 Book Warranook to Wal Wal -4 Home manufactured Tractor Wheel -5 Three ladies 1920’s -6 Picnic -7 Two Girls -8 Sheering Shed -9 Farmhouse with garden -10 Group of men possibly football team -11 Farmhouse -12 War Memorial Stawell with Weigh Bridge and Coffee Palace -13 Car crossing creek -14 Gathering at Wal Wal school -15 Accommodation on wheels -16 4 people standing around a car Perhaps changing a wheel -17 Team of 7 horses drawing a buggy of bagged wheat- -18 Flooded Mt William Creek with shed involvement -19 Group of men dressed in football clothes 2 umpires dressed in white on the R -20 4 people playing tennis -21 Man dressed in a suit and hat teeing off a golf shot -22 a man, a woman and a child near a steam driven timber mill -23 suited men watching a tractor ploughing -24 a weatherboard building on elevated stumps, possibly just been placed there -25 2 coated men pushing a bogged open tourer car -26 a tractor pulling a plough with suited men on both -27 large pile of bagged grain at a railway siding -28 2 women dressed in long clothing -29 a woman and a boy on a veranda -30 a smiling formally dressed woman holding a box -31 probable small weir in a dry river bed -32 Man in army uniform with 1920s tourer car with roof up -33 Man on platform of railway siding He is holding a hoop -34 studio photo of young girl -35 Large pile of bagged wheat at a railway siding -36 Half of a house on a bridge -37 Hatted woman on a horse -38 large group of formally dressed people outside Wal Wal school -39 1930s utility with 2 boys on bumper bar Headlights blacked out in early 1940s -40 2 men with a 4 wheeled horse drawn vehicle. Thatched farm sheds in the background -41 flood scene, Glenorchy -42 Wimmera river in flood Glenorchy -43 Pleasant Creek Hospital with old car on left c.1920 -44 2 women, a man and a boy playing tennis Callawadda 1925 -45 “A lesson in cow cockying”. A boy watching 2 women milking a cow. 1925 -46 A group of men, women and 2 children at a working bee. -47 Wedding group with best man and maid of honour and 2 children carrying flowers. Front of car with streamers -48 wedding couple with best man and matron of honour and 2 flower girls. 2 cars to the left. 1925 -49 Group of school children in national costumes -50 Tractor, harvester , 2 man and some upright bags of crop. -51 2 men harvesting with a tractor pulling a harvester -52 5 bags of cereal with a man, tractor and harvesting in the background. -53 3 wheeled horse drawn vehicle with a woman on the cart -54 Derailed train carriage , still upright. Adelaide Express 1923 -55 wheels of over turned railway carriage Several people in background 1923 -56 close up of train carriage wheel and bogey. Several people in background. 1923 -57 5 draught horses abreast, pulling a farm implement with a man by the implement. -58 2 hay stacks shaped with high pitch A man and a fence in the foreground -59 Huge log of wood on a 4 wooden wheeled carrier -60 4 people standing on the spillover on the Little Wimmera -61 car with a woman driver, holding a young child. A boy standing nearby -62 3 men and 2 women sitting at Glenorchy tennis -63 4 horses with a farm implement -64 3 men, a horse and boxes on the left -65 5 people at a tennis party -66 4 tennis players at Glenorchy 1925 -67 group of men dressed in white, women in white with white bonnets standing around a seated man and woman -68 veranda in front of a country home with lattice on a side of the house -69 front of a house with a family of 5 on the veranda -70 a couple standing in front of Wal Wal school, nearing completion Various -

Black and White Photographic Collection of Various Sizes 7235 Piles of Wheat Baggs -1 Family Group in garden -2 David George & Thomas -3 Arch Maher (front) and George Baylie Carting Wool from PinGrove, around 1915. Page 6 Book Warranook to Wal Wal -4 Home manufactured Tractor Wheel -5 Three ladies 1920’s -6 Picnic -7 Two Girls -8 Sheering Shed -9 Farmhouse with garden -10 Group of men possibly football team -11 Farmhouse -12 War Memorial Stawell with Weigh Bridge and Coffee Palace -13 Car crossing creek -14 Gathering at Wal Wal school -15 Accommodation on wheels -16 4 people standing around a car Perhaps changing a wheel -17 Team of 7 horses drawing a buggy of bagged wheat- -18 Flooded Mt William Creek with shed involvement -19 Group of men dressed in football clothes 2 umpires dressed in white on the R -20 4 people playing tennis -21 Man dressed in a suit and hat teeing off a golf shot -22 a man, a woman and a child near a steam driven timber mill -23 suited men watching a tractor ploughing -24 a weatherboard building on elevated stumps, possibly just been placed there -25 2 coated men pushing a bogged open tourer car -26 a tractor pulling a plough with suited men on both -27 large pile of bagged grain at a railway siding -28 2 women dressed in long clothing -29 a woman and a boy on a veranda -30 a smiling formally dressed woman holding a box -31 probable small weir in a dry river bed -32 Man in army uniform with 1920s tourer car with roof up -33 Man on platform of railway siding He is holding a hoop -34 studio photo of young girl -35 Large pile of bagged wheat at a railway siding -36 Half of a house on a bridge -37 Hatted woman on a horse -38 large group of formally dressed people outside Wal Wal school -39 1930s utility with 2 boys on bumper bar Headlights blacked out in early 1940s -40 2 men with a 4 wheeled horse drawn vehicle. Thatched farm sheds in the background -41 flood scene, Glenorchy -42 Wimmera river in flood Glenorchy -43 Pleasant Creek Hospital with old car on left c.1920 -44 2 women, a man and a boy playing tennis Callawadda 1925 -45 “A lesson in cow cockying”. A boy watching 2 women milking a cow. 1925 -46 A group of men, women and 2 children at a working bee. -47 Wedding group with best man and maid of honour and 2 children carrying flowers. Front of car with streamers -48 wedding couple with best man and matron of honour and 2 flower girls. 2 cars to the left. 1925 -49 Group of school children in national costumes -50 Tractor, harvester , 2 man and some upright bags of crop. -51 2 men harvesting with a tractor pulling a harvester -52 5 bags of cereal with a man, tractor and harvesting in the background. -53 3 wheeled horse drawn vehicle with a woman on the cart -54 Derailed train carriage , still upright. Adelaide Express 1923 -55 wheels of over turned railway carriage Several people in background 1923 -56 close up of train carriage wheel and bogey. Several people in background. 1923 -57 5 draught horses abreast, pulling a farm implement with a man by the implement. -58 2 hay stacks shaped with high pitch A man and a fence in the foreground -59 Huge log of wood on a 4 wooden wheeled carrier -60 4 people standing on the spillover on the Little Wimmera -61 car with a woman driver, holding a young child. A boy standing nearby -62 3 men and 2 women sitting at Glenorchy tennis -63 4 horses with a farm implement -64 3 men, a horse and boxes on the left -65 5 people at a tennis party -66 4 tennis players at Glenorchy 1925 -67 group of men dressed in white, women in white with white bonnets standing around a seated man and woman -68 veranda in front of a country home with lattice on a side of the house -69 front of a house with a family of 5 on the veranda -70 a couple standing in front of Wal Wal school, nearing completion Various -

Black and White Photographic Collection of Various Sizes 7235 Piles of Wheat Baggs -1 Family Group in garden -2 David George & Thomas -3 Arch Maher (front) and George Baylie Carting Wool from PinGrove, around 1915. Page 6 Book Warranook to Wal Wal -4 Home manufactured Tractor Wheel -5 Three ladies 1920’s -6 Picnic -7 Two Girls -8 Sheering Shed -9 Farmhouse with garden -10 Group of men possibly football team -11 Farmhouse -12 War Memorial Stawell with Weigh Bridge and Coffee Palace -13 Car crossing creek -14 Gathering at Wal Wal school -15 Accommodation on wheels -16 4 people standing around a car Perhaps changing a wheel -17 Team of 7 horses drawing a buggy of bagged wheat- -18 Flooded Mt William Creek with shed involvement -19 Group of men dressed in football clothes 2 umpires dressed in white on the R -20 4 people playing tennis -21 Man dressed in a suit and hat teeing off a golf shot -22 a man, a woman and a child near a steam driven timber mill -23 suited men watching a tractor ploughing -24 a weatherboard building on elevated stumps, possibly just been placed there -25 2 coated men pushing a bogged open tourer car -26 a tractor pulling a plough with suited men on both -27 large pile of bagged grain at a railway siding -28 2 women dressed in long clothing -29 a woman and a boy on a veranda -30 a smiling formally dressed woman holding a box -31 probable small weir in a dry river bed -32 Man in army uniform with 1920s tourer car with roof up -33 Man on platform of railway siding He is holding a hoop -34 studio photo of young girl -35 Large pile of bagged wheat at a railway siding -36 Half of a house on a bridge -37 Hatted woman on a horse -38 large group of formally dressed people outside Wal Wal school -39 1930s utility with 2 boys on bumper bar Headlights blacked out in early 1940s -40 2 men with a 4 wheeled horse drawn vehicle. Thatched farm sheds in the background -41 flood scene, Glenorchy -42 Wimmera river in flood Glenorchy -43 Pleasant Creek Hospital with old car on left c.1920 -44 2 women, a man and a boy playing tennis Callawadda 1925 -45 “A lesson in cow cockying”. A boy watching 2 women milking a cow. 1925 -46 A group of men, women and 2 children at a working bee. -47 Wedding group with best man and maid of honour and 2 children carrying flowers. Front of car with streamers -48 wedding couple with best man and matron of honour and 2 flower girls. 2 cars to the left. 1925 -49 Group of school children in national costumes -50 Tractor, harvester , 2 man and some upright bags of crop. -51 2 men harvesting with a tractor pulling a harvester -52 5 bags of cereal with a man, tractor and harvesting in the background. -53 3 wheeled horse drawn vehicle with a woman on the cart -54 Derailed train carriage , still upright. Adelaide Express 1923 -55 wheels of over turned railway carriage Several people in background 1923 -56 close up of train carriage wheel and bogey. Several people in background. 1923 -57 5 draught horses abreast, pulling a farm implement with a man by the implement. -58 2 hay stacks shaped with high pitch A man and a fence in the foreground -59 Huge log of wood on a 4 wooden wheeled carrier -60 4 people standing on the spillover on the Little Wimmera -61 car with a woman driver, holding a young child. A boy standing nearby -62 3 men and 2 women sitting at Glenorchy tennis -63 4 horses with a farm implement -64 3 men, a horse and boxes on the left -65 5 people at a tennis party -66 4 tennis players at Glenorchy 1925 -67 group of men dressed in white, women in white with white bonnets standing around a seated man and woman -68 veranda in front of a country home with lattice on a side of the house -69 front of a house with a family of 5 on the veranda -70 a couple standing in front of Wal Wal school, nearing completion Various -

Black and White Photographic Collection of Various Sizes 7235 Piles of Wheat Baggs -1 Family Group in garden -2 David George & Thomas -3 Arch Maher (front) and George Baylie Carting Wool from PinGrove, around 1915. Page 6 Book Warranook to Wal Wal -4 Home manufactured Tractor Wheel -5 Three ladies 1920’s -6 Picnic -7 Two Girls -8 Sheering Shed -9 Farmhouse with garden -10 Group of men possibly football team -11 Farmhouse -12 War Memorial Stawell with Weigh Bridge and Coffee Palace -13 Car crossing creek -14 Gathering at Wal Wal school -15 Accommodation on wheels -16 4 people standing around a car Perhaps changing a wheel -17 Team of 7 horses drawing a buggy of bagged wheat- -18 Flooded Mt William Creek with shed involvement -19 Group of men dressed in football clothes 2 umpires dressed in white on the R -20 4 people playing tennis -21 Man dressed in a suit and hat teeing off a golf shot -22 a man, a woman and a child near a steam driven timber mill -23 suited men watching a tractor ploughing -24 a weatherboard building on elevated stumps, possibly just been placed there -25 2 coated men pushing a bogged open tourer car -26 a tractor pulling a plough with suited men on both -27 large pile of bagged grain at a railway siding -28 2 women dressed in long clothing -29 a woman and a boy on a veranda -30 a smiling formally dressed woman holding a box -31 probable small weir in a dry river bed -32 Man in army uniform with 1920s tourer car with roof up -33 Man on platform of railway siding He is holding a hoop -34 studio photo of young girl -35 Large pile of bagged wheat at a railway siding -36 Half of a house on a bridge -37 Hatted woman on a horse -38 large group of formally dressed people outside Wal Wal school -39 1930s utility with 2 boys on bumper bar Headlights blacked out in early 1940s -40 2 men with a 4 wheeled horse drawn vehicle. Thatched farm sheds in the background -41 flood scene, Glenorchy -42 Wimmera river in flood Glenorchy -43 Pleasant Creek Hospital with old car on left c.1920 -44 2 women, a man and a boy playing tennis Callawadda 1925 -45 “A lesson in cow cockying”. A boy watching 2 women milking a cow. 1925 -46 A group of men, women and 2 children at a working bee. -47 Wedding group with best man and maid of honour and 2 children carrying flowers. Front of car with streamers -48 wedding couple with best man and matron of honour and 2 flower girls. 2 cars to the left. 1925 -49 Group of school children in national costumes -50 Tractor, harvester , 2 man and some upright bags of crop. -51 2 men harvesting with a tractor pulling a harvester -52 5 bags of cereal with a man, tractor and harvesting in the background. -53 3 wheeled horse drawn vehicle with a woman on the cart -54 Derailed train carriage , still upright. Adelaide Express 1923 -55 wheels of over turned railway carriage Several people in background 1923 -56 close up of train carriage wheel and bogey. Several people in background. 1923 -57 5 draught horses abreast, pulling a farm implement with a man by the implement. -58 2 hay stacks shaped with high pitch A man and a fence in the foreground -59 Huge log of wood on a 4 wooden wheeled carrier -60 4 people standing on the spillover on the Little Wimmera -61 car with a woman driver, holding a young child. A boy standing nearby -62 3 men and 2 women sitting at Glenorchy tennis -63 4 horses with a farm implement -64 3 men, a horse and boxes on the left -65 5 people at a tennis party -66 4 tennis players at Glenorchy 1925 -67 group of men dressed in white, women in white with white bonnets standing around a seated man and woman -68 veranda in front of a country home with lattice on a side of the house -69 front of a house with a family of 5 on the veranda -70 a couple standing in front of Wal Wal school, nearing completion Various -

Princes Bridge Centenary pylons under construction Possibly taken from Young and Jacksons Hotel (formerly Princes Bridge Hotel) on the corner of Flinders and Swanston streets, Flinders Street Station’s clocks and main entrance dominate, along with its distinctive copper dome and decorative façade. The time on the main clock is 1.40pm, and the sign underneath, reflecting Melbourne’s upcoming Centenary reads, “We must accommodate our Centenary visitors! Citizens! Do your share by taking paying guests.” At left is the original Princes Bridge Station, today the site of Federation Square. The riverside tram terminus advertises a Café/Tobacconist/Refreshment Room selling cigars & cigarettes, fountain drinks & confectionery, and in smaller text: “Leave your boot repairs here”. Nearly everyone is dressed in dark suits, coats and hats. The footpaths are wide and there are no traffic lights. The roadway stretches towards the Shrine of Remembrance, not yet dedicated but very dominant on the skyline. Government House is clearly visible across the wide parkland that would come to be known as Kings Domain and that is an area of deep importance to the people of the Eastern Kulin. Originally, Birrarung was part of a network of swamps and lagoons linked to the course of the river. From 1896, Public Works Department engineer Carlo Catani, oversaw a new channel to straighten the river and the swamps and lagoons were filled with spoil from the channel works. From the same vantage point today, only the top of the tower of Government House would be visible. The photo captures the pylons along Princes Bridge, mid-construction and being installed to mark Melbourne’s Centenary. The pylons were not without controversy. Both The Argus and The Age bemoaned them for being “made almost entirely of imported softwood timber”, denying work to native hardwood timber workers and sawmillers, and leading visitors to think Australia did not have its own exceptional native hardwoods. The pylons were also variously described in their incomplete state, as unimaginative and resembling an oilfield. Published: The Age 5 September 1934 Featured in "Newsworthy: Melbourne in photographs 1933-1936" exhibition at East Melbourne Library, October to December 2023. Exhibition caption by project volunteer, Louise McKenzie Photographer notations on slide: "Pylons + St Kilda Rd C57" Published: Age (Melbourne, Vic. : 1854 - 1954), Wednesday 5 September 1934, page 11 Published title: DECORATIONS -- THEN AND NOW. Published caption: "Although not completed yet, some impression of the effect of the decorations on Princes-bridge may be obtained from the first picture which shows the majestic sweep of St Kilda road with the Shrine of Remembrance and Government House dominating the horizon. The area to the left of St. Kilda-road and in front of Government House is portion of the area which it is proposed to call the King's Domain, which extends to Domain-road and Anderson-street..." Description: East-facing, elevated view of Flinders Street Station and Princes Bridge, featuring partially completed pylons erected for Melbourne's Centenary celebrations. The Shrine of Remembrance and Government House can be seen in the distance. In the foreground are trams, cars and trucks, pedestrians, Batman Avenue tram terminus and refreshment rooms. Signage on Flinders Street Station encourages citizens to accommodate Centenary visitors. The Melbourne Centenary was held 1934-35 in celebration John Batman's proclamation that Melbourne "the place for a village". Centenary events included a visit by Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester. A Centenary Cake measuring 50 feet in height and ten tons in weight was cut into 250,000 pieces and sold at 1 shilling per piece for charity. Spectacular floodlighting of city landmarks, the creation of the Pioneer Women's Memorial Garden, and the MacRobertson Air Race from London, were other notable activities. Research by project volunteer, Louise McKenzie: The photo in The Age collage of 5 September 1934 has a slightly cropped foreground. The original photo has been taken from an elevated vantage point, most probably the roof of the Nicholas Building on the corner of Flinders and Swanston streets. The right foreground is dominated by the main “clocks” entrance to Flinders Street Station, showing its distinctive copper dome and decorative façade. The time on the main clock is 1.40 pm. The main sign on the front of the Station reads, "We Must Accommodate our Centenary Visitors! Citizens! Do your share by taking paying guests. Write to The Official Centenary Accommodation Bureau, 436 Collins St. City. Tel M 4671”. Another sign at eye level at the main entrance says: “Cheap Trips on Sundays”. The sign on the end of the roof along the eastern side of the station reads, “The Babies Need Your Help! Support Broadmeadows Foundling Hospital Appeal. July and August”. Run by the Sisters of St Joseph of the Sacred Heart, St Joseph’s Foundling Hospital was a purpose built infants’ home for up to 300 babies, plus accommodation for expectant mothers, mainly single women. In the early 1930s, the department (Victorian Children’s Welfare Department) contracted St Joseph’s Foundling Hospital to care for an additional 60 infant state wards, and up to 175 non wards at any given time. In 1931 it also operated a mothercraft training school. The centre foreground shows the commencement of Princes Bridge. Beneath the left side of the bridge was the site of the original Princes Bridge Station, by this time incorporated into Flinders Street Station, and today the area is the site of Federation Square. It was linked to Flinders Street station by the railway tracks that ran underneath the northern approach to the bridge. This photo shows a tram terminus which has a Café/Tobacconist/Refreshment Room, selling cigars & cigarettes, fountain drinks & confectionary, and a sign: Leave your boot repairs here. In the foreground is a wide roadway running south/north, comprising two vehicle lanes each heading north/south, and a central section containing two sets of tram tracks. There are cars, buses and delivery vans on the roadway. The trams visible are Glen Iris (Route No. 6; tram no. 448), Toorak (Route No. 8, tram no. 333), ? (No. 7), ? (No. 1), and ? (No. 2A). The footpaths are extremely wide. There is a square newspaper/magazine stand on the eastern side footpath. And also a “Ferry” sign. There are no traffic lights, but a policeman is visible on the roadway. There are pedestrians – men, women, children, a porter with trolley, women with prams. Clothing comprises dark suits, coats and hats for nearly everyone. There are double headed “Collins Street” lights along the side of the roadway, and along the northern riverbank. The roadway in the foreground is an extension of Swanston Street, which becomes Princes Bridge, then St Kilda Road, stretching towards the Shrine of Remembrance, and diverting past it. The Shrine had not yet been officially dedicated, and looks very white and dominant on the skyline. On the LHS of St Kilda Road, Government House is clearly visible across the wide parkland to be known as Kings Domain. The Kings Domain area is important to the people of the Eastern Kulin nation, and also has historical importance for its association with the early settlement of Melbourne and the foundation of British colonial administration in Victoria. On the southern side of the Yarra River (Birrarung) an historic rowing boathouse is visible, located adjacent to the Alexandra Gardens. Originally Birrarung was part of a network of swamps and lagoons linked to the course of the river. From 1896, under the guidance of engineer Carlo Catani* a new channel to straighten the river was created and the swamps and lagoons were filled with spoil from the channel works. The gardens were then created and completed in time for a Royal visit by the Duke of York in May 1901. The gardens are named after Alexandra of Denmark, the wife of King Edward VII. Both these areas, plus the Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria, Shrine of Remembrance Reserve, Sidney Myer Music Bowl, Government House, and the Queen Victoria Gardens together form the Domain Parklands. The extent of the subsequent plantings is evident today, where from the same vantage point only the top of the tower of Government House would be visible. *Catani was born in Florence in 1852, but after arriving in Melbourne worked as a civil engineer for the Victorian Government. His last major project was the reclamation of the foreshore of St Kilda, envisaged in the style of a European resort, complete with a split level esplanade, bathing pavilions, dance halls, amusements and a French-Italian style of landscape complete with palms. The gardens at the end of Fitzroy Street, St Kilda, now bear his name. The historic boathouse visible across the Yarra is another glimpse into Melbourne’s past. “Boathouse Row” comprises 7 amateur rowing clubs, the first established in 1859 (Melbourne University Boat Club). Other Clubs were Richmond, Melbourne, Banks, Melbourne Grammar School, Yarra Yarra and Mercantile. South of the river and west of the bridge is an area today developed into the Melbourne arts precinct of Hamer Hall and the Arts Centre. But at this time it was the home of Wirths Olympia Circus, which comprised Wirths Pleasure Park (an amusement park), a 5,000 seat auditorium – Hippodrome, a roller skating rink, a glaciarium, a cinema, and the Green Mill Dance Hall. Dog shows were also held at Olympia. The Green Mill Dance Hall closed in 1950, and the remainder of the Wirth buildings on site were destroyed by fire in December 1953. The feature of the photo is the pylons erected along Princes Bridge to mark Melbourne’s Centenary in 1934. The sixteen plastered pylons were designed by Roy Prentice, the second person to qualify as an architect at The University of Melbourne’s Bachelor of Architecture degree, in 1933, aged 27. Simon Reeves in his article marking the 100th birthday of Roy Prentice on 20 June 2006 reports that the State Electricity Commission sponsored this work, and the Argus reported that “… the pylons were “illuminated from within to give the effect of soft radiance”. Australia Home Beautiful 1 Oct 1934 reports in a very detailed and comprehensive article: The 10 taller pylons, including flagpole, were 48 ft, with a base of 8 ft. Timber-framed and faced with fibrous plaster and galvanised sheet iron, each structure was securely bolted to a concrete foundation three feet in depth. Panels of glass let into the shaft of each pylon were indirectly lit by 40, 100 watt lamps, and the upper bank of internal lamps were dyed so as to flood the panels with a deep red light. The decorative painted shields and flagpoles/pennants were illuminated by three 200 watt projectors concealed in the roof of each pylon, and were part of an electric night light decoration scheme involving 28 miles of wire to supply more than 20,000 lights. An article in the Argus on 18 October 1934 provided minute detail of the lighting erected in Melbourne for the Centenary, converting it “… into a coloured fairyland by night.” The estimated cost of 10 pounds per hour the lights were on. The display included 800 standard light poles 30 feet high which were tiered with electric bulbs concealed in inverted cones, 138 specially designed “Venetian poles” draped in flags trophies and streamers. The streets included in the electric night light decoration scheme were Bourke Street from Spring to William, the entire length of Collins Street, Flinders Street from Elizabeth to Spring, Lonsdale Street from Elizabeth to Swanston, Swanston and Elizabeth Streets from Flinders to Lonsdale, and parts of Springs and Spencer Streets. Together with the Princes Bridge pylons, approximately 28 miles of wire was required to supply power to the more than 20,000 lights. And that is just in the city of Melbourne. It was estimated the same amount of lighting was duplicated among other local councils. The pylons were not without controversy. The Argus on 28 August 1934 in an article headed “Imported Timber in Pylons” reported that the Princes Bridge pylons are “made almost entirely of imported softwood timber”, and have therefore denied work to native hardwood timber workers and sawmillers. The same day the Melbourne Age ran a similar story, bemoaning the fact that foreign oregon had been used which may lead tourists to think Australia did not have its own exceptional native hardwoods. A Camberwell City Councillor described the pylons as unimaginative, and the Herald reported that skeletons of pylons for the Centenary decorations in their present form led the area to resemble an oilfield! The Yarra River and Princes Bridge have long been a focal point of Melbourne life. In the early days of European settlement in Melbourne a rope-hauled punt carried people across the Yarra River. A surge in population and increased shipping traffic created a need for a bridge. There was difficulty in agreeing on a suitable site for the bridge (options were crossing at Elizabeth, Swanston, Queen or Market Streets), but the NSW Government favoured Swanston Street and the Melbourne Town Council decided on a temporary bridge across the Yarra spanning from the foot of Swanston Street. This first bridge was a single span timber toll bridge designed by Scottish born bridge designer David Lennox, and completed in 1845. It was 120 feet long, had a roadway of 17 feet wide, and a footpath on one side of 4 feet. It was leased to the Melbourne Bridge Company in the name of Robert A Balbirnie. The tollhouse was on the north side of the river and the toll keeper, Patrick Doherty, was credited with saving nine lives during the four years he was in charge of the toll station. The second bridge was stone (completed 1850), and named Prince’s Bridge after the HRH Prince of Wales, later Edward VII. It was designed with an elliptical single arc and an exceedingly small rise in proportion to the span. However, this design created an obstacle for flood waters, and together with Melbourne’s increasing population it was quickly apparent that a new bridge was required. At its opening on 15 November 1850 coincided with the imminent declaration of Victoria as a separate colony, it provided a moment of great celebration for Melbournians and “The opening ceremony was described as the grandest processional display witnessed in the colony.” (ToMelbourne.com.au) Princes Bridge in its present form, as depicted in this photograph, was designed by Jenkins, D’Ebro and Grainger, and constructed in 1886-88 by David Munro. John Grainger (father of Australian composer Percy Grainger) did the majority of the design work for the bridge. The structure was to have three arches each 96 feet wide measured across the river, and the banks on both sides were raised to allow more space for floodwater to flow. St Kilda Road was originally many feet below the current level. The bridge is of architectural significance for its substantial size, giant half columns, extensive use of wrought and cast iron, decorative elements (cast-iron lamps) and the skilled stonemasonry in the construction of the abutments and piers. Its main design features are similar to those of Blackfriars Bridge in London (1870). The bluestones were quarried from Footscray, the Malmsbury stones were from quarries at Kyneton, and the granite from Harcourt. The cost was met by the State of Victoria, City of Melbourne, and six out of seven of its municipalities, and their coats of arms feature on the bridge. The building of the bridge reflected the boom period of Melbourne, including the Victorian gold rush 1851- late 1860s, and its contractor, David Munro, was also responsible for the construction of Queens Bridge and Sandridge Railway Bridge. The Centenary pylons are no longer in place, but today this intersection still plays a major part in Melbourne’s daily life: people still meet “under the clocks” at Flinders Street station, and the route in and out of the city along St Kilda Road is often a feature of parades such as Moomba, the Grand Final Parade, and of course the Anzac Day Parade which commences at the Princes Bridge intersection and finishes at the Shrine of Remembrance. There are many tram routes, which cross the Bridge, and it directs pedestrians towards the Arts Precinct, the various components of Domain Park, plus the Southbank restaurant and rowing precincts. Even though this is a street scene, it feels very intimate; the viewer is instantly immersed in the activity of a Melbourne afternoon, looking down St Kilda Road from a viewpoint near today’s Federation Square. References: DECORATIONS -- THEN AND NOW. (1934, September 5). The Age (Melbourne, Vic. : 1854 - 1954), p. 11. Retrieved September 21, 2023, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article205880269 'Flinders Street railway station', Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flinders_Street_railway_station 'St Joseph’s Foundling Hospital (1901-75)', Finding Records, Department of Health and Human Services, State of Victoria, https://www.findingrecords.dhhs.vic.gov.au/collectionresultspage/St-JosephsFoundling-Hospital-Babies-Home#departmental-administration 'Alexandra Gardens', City of Melbourne, https://www.melbourne.vic.gov.au/community/parks-open-spaces/major-parks-gardens/Pages/alexandra-gardens.aspx 'Wirths Circus', Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wirth's_Circus 'Roy Prentice: Centenary Architect', Built Heritage Pty Ltd, Simon Reeves, https://www.builtheritage.com.au/downloads/prentice.pdf 'Princes Bridge', Heritage Council Victoria, https://vhd.heritagecouncil.vic.gov.au/places/817 PORT PHILLIP. (1846, April 1). The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 - 1954), p. 3. Retrieved September 21, 2023, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article12886251 'Edward VII', Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_VII 'Princes Bridge', ToMelbourne.com, https://tomelbourne.com.au/princes-bridge/ 'Princes Bridge', eMelbourne, https://www.emelbourne.net.au/biogs/EM01189b.htm 'Princes Bridge', Australia for everyone, http://australiaforeveryone.com.au/files/melbourne/princes-bridge.html 'Victorian gold rush', Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victorian_gold_rush IMPORTED TIMBER IN PYLONS (1934, August 28). The Argus (Melbourne, Vic. : 1848 - 1957), p. 9. Retrieved September 21, 2023, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article10952507 Princes-Bridge Pylons. (1934, August 28). The Age (Melbourne, Vic. : 1854 - 1954), p. 7. Retrieved September 21, 2023, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article205532235 Pylons Appear Near Princes Bridge (1934, August 18). The Herald (Melbourne, Vic. : 1861 - 1954), p. 1. Retrieved September 21, 2023, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article243104375 PRINCES-BRIDGE PYLONS. (1934, September 20). The Age (Melbourne, Vic. : 1854 - 1954), p. 10. Retrieved September 21, 2023, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article205873535 28 Miles of Wire (1934, October 18). The Argus (Melbourne, Vic. : 1848 - 1957), p. 1 (The Junior Argus). Retrieved September 21, 2023, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article10977836 'Historical references for Boathouse Row, Melbourne', http://boathouserowmelbourne.com.au/history/ 'ITALIAN DELEGATION TO HONOUR CARLO CATANI, DESIGNER OF THE ST KILDA FORESHORE, St Kilda Historical Society, 2001, https://web.archive.org/web/20070928061938/http://www.skhs.org.au/~SKHSarticles/articles/Carlo_Catani.html# HISTORY IN LIGHTS (1934, July 12). The Herald (Melbourne, Vic. : 1861 - 1954), p. 16. Retrieved September 21, 2023, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article243172436 'Dressing Melbourne for the Duke', The Australian home beautiful: a journal for the home builder. Vol 12 No. 10 (1 October 1934), page 21, 58. Retrieved September 14, 2023, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-2950922209Photographer notations on slide: "Pylons + St Kilda Rd C57".centenaries, bridges, lighting, flinders street railway station

This bodice is stiffened by what is commonly referred to as natural whalebone, but is actually baleen, which was in use from the 18th century through to the Edwardian era. It was hand sewn in Warrnambool in the 1900's.The bodice is significant for demonstrating the use of historical whalebone, or technically baleen, for its stays. This practice was used from the 18th century through to the Edwardian era.The bodice is made of gold cotton over the whalebone stays at the waistline. It is trimmed in brown fabric and has twenty-two buttons down the front from top to bottom. The sleeves are Leg-o'-mutton style. The bodice has pin tucks down the front. It was hand sewn in Warrnambool in 1900's.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, bodice, ladies clothes, whalebone stays, baleen stays, women's clothing, corsetry, corset boning, female adult, hand sewn

This cream cotton camisole reflects a style of women's undergarments common to the turn of the century. It was possibly made by the owner and repair work is suggested by the mismatched buttons.This item is significant historically and socially as an example of women's undergarments at the turn of the century.Cream cotton camisole, broderie anglaise lace around neck, fine pin tucks on either side of front and four mismatched buttons.great ocean road, flagstaff hill maritime museum & village, flagstaff hill, warrnambool, maritime village, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, camisole, pin tucks, turn of the century, ladies camisole

In 1867 the Singer Company decided that the demand for their sewing machines in the UK was sufficiently high to open a local factory. Glasgow was selected for its iron-making industries, cheap labour, and possibly because at the time the General Manager of the US Singer Sewing Machine Company was George McKenzie, who was of Scottish descent. The company obtained a lease on land near Queen Street Station and machinery and machine parts were shipped over from the US. Demand for sewing machines outstripped production at the new plant and by 1873 a new larger factory was completed near Bridgeton Cross. By now Singer employed over 2,000 people in Scotland but still, they could not produce enough machines. In 1882 George McKenzie, the soon to become President of the Singer Sewing Machine Company undertook the ground breaking ceremony on 46 acres of farmland at Kilbowie, Clydebank and the largest Singer factory in the world started to be built. Originally two main buildings were constructed. Built above the middle wing of the factory was a huge clock tower with the 'Singer' name displayed for all to see from miles around. Many miles of railway lines were laid throughout the factory to connect the different departments and to aid in the shipping of their goods. Railway lines from the factory connected Glasgow, Dumbarton, and Helensburgh stations. The factory was regarded as the most modern facility in Europe at that time. As different departments in the factory were completed, the workers moved from the old sites to the new one at Kilbowie and the factory was finally finished in 1885. With nearly a million square feet of space and almost 7,000 employees producing on average 13,000 machines a week, making it the largest sewing machine factory in the world. The Clydebank factory was so productive that in 1905 the US Singer Company set up the Singer Manufacturing Company Ltd. as a UK registered company. The invention of the sewing machine had several very significant impacts on the lives of many people. It changed the domestic life of many women as more households began to own sewing machines, women as the ones who traditionally stayed home to do chores including making and repairing clothing, found themselves with more free time. Previously several days a week would be dedicated to sewing clothing for herself and her family, a housewife could now complete her sewing in merely several hours, allowing for more free time to pursue hobbies and attain new skills. Sewing and clothing production, in general, became more industrialized activities, taking place less in the home and more in large factories. Industrial sewing machines, in combination with the cotton gin, the spinning jenny, and the steam engine, made clothing production much easier and much cheaper. Sewing machine, treadle operated, "Branded Premier" 5-7-9-2-0-0-" Serial Number Y6243048 (denotes 1922 year of manufacture) flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, sewing machine, hand operated, dressmaking, textile machinery, portable, premier sewing machine, premier, singer treadle sewing machine

In 1867 the Singer Company decided that the demand for their sewing machines in the UK was sufficiently high to open a local factory. Glasgow was selected for its iron-making industries, cheap labour, and possibly because at the time the General Manager of the US Singer Sewing Machine Company was George McKenzie, who was of Scottish descent. The company obtained a lease on land near Queen Street Station and machinery and machine parts were shipped over from the US. Demand for sewing machines outstripped production at the new plant and by 1873 a new larger factory was completed near Bridgeton Cross. By now Singer employed over 2,000 people in Scotland but still, they could not produce enough machines. In 1882 George McKenzie, the soon to become President of the Singer Sewing Machine Company undertook the ground breaking ceremony on 46 acres of farmland at Kilbowie, Clydebank and the largest Singer factory in the world started to be built. Originally two main buildings were constructed. Built above the middle wing of the factory was a huge clock tower with the 'Singer' name displayed for all to see from miles around. Many miles of railway lines were laid throughout the factory to connect the different departments and to aid in the shipping of their goods. Railway lines from the factory connected Glasgow, Dumbarton, and Helensburgh stations. The factory was regarded as the most modern facility in Europe at that time. As different departments in the factory were completed, the workers moved from the old sites to the new one at Kilbowie and the factory was finally finished in 1885. With nearly a million square feet of space and almost 7,000 employees producing on average 13,000 machines a week, making it the largest sewing machine factory in the world. The Clydebank factory was so productive that in 1905 the US Singer Company set up the Singer Manufacturing Company Ltd. as a UK registered company. The invention of the sewing machine had several very significant impacts on the lives of many people. It changed the domestic life of many women as more households began to own sewing machines, women as the ones who traditionally stayed home to do chores including making and repairing clothing, found themselves with more free time. Previously several days a week would be dedicated to sewing clothing for herself and her family, a housewife could now complete her sewing in merely several hours, allowing for more free time to pursue hobbies and attain new skills. Sewing and clothing production, in general, became more industrialized activities, taking place less in the home and more in large factories. Industrial sewing machines, in combination with the cotton gin, the spinning jenny, and the steam engine, made clothing production much easier and much cheaper. Singer sewing machine treadle type wooden stand with six drawers plus instruction manual Lotus decoration to machinewarrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, sewing-machine, clothes repair, singer sewing machine

Catherine Holmes married William Coghill Junior. William died in 1884. This is possibly a photo of Catherine in her mourning clothes. They had no children. His estate passed to Catherine. In 1886 Catherine accompanied by her brother, Edward Carter Holmes, Mr. Holmes a farmer at Ascot and her companion Mrs. Mark Gardiner [Gardner], wife of the contractor for laying down the wood pavement in Elizabeth- street, sailed for Queensland aboard the elegant steamship, ‘Ly-ee-Moon’ to visit her sister Adelaide Reid and purchase a property in the Darling Downs, Qld. Tragically all three, and the gold sovereigns they were carrying to purchase same, were lost when the steamship struck rocks and was wrecked off the rugged Green Cape Coast, just south of Bega, New South Wales [Jane Dyer, 15 June 2024]Black and white photograph of a seated woman wearing black clothing, a cap with centrally parted hair. The woman is Catherine Coghill (formerly Holmes), who married William Coghill Jnr. catherine coghill, catherine holmes, william coghill, william coghill junior, holmes family collection, chatham-holmes family collection, ly-ee-moon, mourning, shipwreck, women, pioneer women, family history

Hugo Wertheim (1854-1919), was a merchant and manufacturer and was born on the 12th July 1854 at Lispenhausen, in the German electorate of Hesse-Kassel, son of Meyer Wertheim and his wife Minna, née Heinemann. Hugo reached Melbourne in October 1875. He soon began advertising, from premises at 39 Flinders Lane East, as agent for his father's cousin Joseph Wertheim, a well-established manufacturer of sewing machines. Hugo returned to Germany where he married Joseph Wertheim's daughter Sophie Emilie (1864-1953) on 30 August 1885 at Frankfurt. the couple then came to Melbourne. In a short time, with extensive advertising, Hugo established a substantial business, selling sewing machines, bicycles, pianos and other mechanical devices, under brands such as Wertheim, Electra, Planet, Griffin and Hapsburg. He also mounted elaborate displays at agricultural shows and in 1901 at the Pan American Exposition, Buffalo, United States of America. O. C. Beale worked with him before setting up his own piano business in New South Wales. Hugo continued to own 25 per cent of one of Beale's companies, which became Wertheim's Queensland business. In 1908 Wertheim opened a large, innovative piano factory at Richmond, Melbourne, intending to produce 2000 pianos and player pianos annually, predominantly using Australian materials. In laying the foundation stone, Prime Minister Alfred Deakin observed that “few men with such opportunities for a life of ease would have embarked on such an enterprise” Hugo died of chronic hepatitis on 11 July 1919 at his home at South Yarra, his wife, two daughters and three sons survived him; Herbert Joseph (1886-1972), the eldest, continued the business. Rupert became a share broker and went on to represent Victoria in inter-State tennis in 1913-27 and Australia in Davis Cup matches against Czechoslovakia in 1922. The piano factory closed in 1935, becoming a Heinz food processing plant and in 1955, GTV Channel 9 studios and offices.Early Australians had to be self-reliant in regards to making and mending their clothes and utensils. This sewing machine was one of many items used that exhibit the skill and craftsmanship of the women in these early families. A sewing machine was a necessary part of each home and this item demonstrates how women of the time managed had to become self-reliant in the repair and making of their families clothes to make their household budgets go further.Wertheim sewing machine in carry case, hand operated with two spindles, handle with locking pin, which turns lever between spokes of main handle, hand brake. The machine is table-mounted with a Turkish walnut base. The base can be attached to a cast iron table with a foot treadle as an optional extra. The walnut base has marquetry to the front set out as a measure for material. There is also an accessory box inside the carry case containing 20 additional items for use with the machine. Wertheim brass trademark badge riveted to the body of the machine of a crouching dwarf with a hammer with the name of the company Wertheim and Frankfurt. Gold filigree decoration in gold paint adorns the main body of the machine. flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, sewing machine, hand operated sewing machine, crank handle sewing machine, wertheim, dressmaking, taylor, domestic, clothing, hugo wertheim, joseph wertheim

This handmade blouse with its matching belt was donated along with a note that says, "This jacket was owned by Marion Leishman who married Captain Eadie. They lived in Warrnambool and are buried at Tower Hill Cemetery." The spelling on the headstone is "Edie" rather than "Eadie". Marion Leishman Edie was born in 1835 and died on August 7, 1914. She married Captain Richard Wilson C Edie in 1865. Capt. Edie drowned at sea on 16th June 1883 aged 49 years. Marion Leishman Edie died on 7th August 1914 aged 79 years. Her sister Alison Keishman Sprod, died in 1863, aged 25 years, and is also buried in the same grave at Tower Hill. The fine satin blouse and matching belt is an example of clothing worn by women in the mid-to-late 19th century. It demonstrates the beautiful and talented skills applied to handmade garments. The decoration indicates that the blouse or jacket was worn for a special occasion.Blouse of black satin, decorated with lace and sequins. Long sleeves are puffed at the shoulder fitted at the lower arm and cuff. The belt has sequins and tassels. Black lace is added around the neck and bodice, fastened at the front with hook and eye.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, costume, blouse, belt, female adult, clothing, fashion, satin, lace, wonem's clothing, marion leishman, captain eadie, tower hill cemetery, marion eadie, jacket, black satin jacket, sequins, marion edie, richard wilson c edie, drowned at sea, marion leishman edie, handmade, black jacket, sequined satin jacket

Hugo Wertheim (1854-1919), was a merchant and manufacturer and was born on the 12th July 1854 at Lispenhausen, in the German electorate of Hesse-Kassel, son of Meyer Wertheim and his wife Minna, née Heinemann. Hugo reached Melbourne in October 1875. He soon began advertising, from premises at 39 Flinders Lane East, as agent for his father's cousin Joseph Wertheim, a well-established manufacturer of sewing machines. Hugo returned to Germany where he married Joseph Wertheim's daughter Sophie Emilie (1864-1953) on 30 August 1885 at Frankfurt. the couple then came to Melbourne. In a short time, with extensive advertising, Hugo established a substantial business, selling sewing machines, bicycles, pianos and other mechanical devices, under brands such as Wertheim, Electra, Planet, Griffin and Hapsburg. He also mounted elaborate displays at agricultural shows and in 1901 at the Pan American Exposition, Buffalo, United States of America. O. C. Beale worked with him before setting up his own piano business in New South Wales. Hugo continued to own 25 per cent of one of Beale's companies, which became Wertheim's Queensland business. In 1908 Wertheim opened a large, innovative piano factory at Richmond, Melbourne, intending to produce 2000 pianos and player pianos annually, predominantly using Australian materials. In laying the foundation stone, Prime Minister Alfred Deakin observed that “few men with such opportunities for a life of ease would have embarked on such an enterprise” Hugo died of chronic hepatitis on 11 July 1919 at his home at South Yarra, his wife, two daughters and three sons survived him; Herbert Joseph (1886-1972), the eldest, continued the business. Rupert became a share broker and went on to represent Victoria in inter-State tennis in 1913-27 and Australia in Davis Cup matches against Czechoslovakia in 1922. The piano factory closed in 1935, becoming a Heinz food processing plant and in 1955, GTV Channel 9 studios and offices.Early Australians had to be self-reliant in regards to making and mending their clothes and utensils. This sewing machine was one of many items used that exhibit the skill and craftsmanship of the women in these early families. A sewing machine was a necessary part of each home and this item demonstrates how women of the time managed had to become self-reliant in the repair and making of their families clothes to make their household budgets go further.Sewing machine, Wertheim brand “ Syst 182” hand crank operated machine with folding handle, timber case and carry handle. Metal machine is painted black, with remnants of gold, red and green scrolls and floral decoration. Machine has base with inlaid measuring rule across front and 2 holes drilled through the base (perhaps for mounting machine to a bench). Machine tilts open, hinged on one side, after thumb screw is unwound, revealing machine’s workings and serial number. Base has a fitted round, concave, silver metal pin holder with lid that hinges open, and symbol pressed into lid; several pins are inside. Body of machine has brand name transfer across front and oval metal trademark disc on front. Metal sliding covers over footplates have stamped lettering. Timber machine case or cover includes an accessory box with sliding cover and metal hook and eye latch, and inside the box are 23 metal sewing attachments, a disc and a stick of black crayon with maker’s trademark on it paper cover. Workings of machine have seized up. The crayon wrapper has printed on it “For the wonderful Wertheim new family machine made in Germany ‘Syst. 182’”, and the maker’s symbol with “Trademark” beside it. Made for Hugo Wertheim.“WERTHEIM” transfer across front and back of machine body. Cover of pin holder has symbol ‘Wings above a shield’. Maker’s trademark on gold oval disc, “WERTHEIM / FRANCFURT” and picture of a dwarf with a hammer. Left footplate has script “Syst 182”, right footplate has stamp in oval shape “MANUFACTURED IN - - /SPECIALLY FOR / HUGO WERTHEIM” Serial Number “7501”flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, sewing machine, hand crank sewing machine, hugo wertheim, wertheim, clothing manufacturer, sewing, syst 182

Mrs Sheila Parkinson was born in Wagga in 1916 and came to Beechworth as a young woman around 1938. Sheila trained as a psychiatric nurse at Mayday Hills hospital prior to the second World War. At that time, unmarried women were accommodated and received nursing training on-site. Shiela was obliged to cease professional training and employment when she married in 1941, which disrupted completion of her final nursing examinations. Following post-war changes to the law that allowed married women to work, Sheila returned to Mayday Hills. Sheila's husband, Don, returned to Beechworth after four years abroad as a serviceman in the Australian Air Force. Beechworth's institutions were a major source of local employment throughout the twentieth century. As well as providing limited employment opportunities to young women like Shiela, post-war European migrants from Bonegilla Migrant camp found at Mayday Hills, encouraging European migrant settlement in the district. Mayday Hills was renamed several times since its establishment in 1867. At the peak of operations, it comprised sixty-seven buildings housing over twelve hundred patients patients and five hundred staff. The hospital officially closed in 1998. Today, the decommissioned two-storey Italianate style main building stands on eleven hectares of botanical gardens under National Trust protection. The site remains a popular cultural heritage destination for visitors. This oral history recording was part of a project conducted by Jennifer Williams in the year 2000 to capture the everyday life and struggles in Beechworth during the twentieth century. This project involved recording seventy oral histories on cassette tapes of local Beechworth residents which were then published in a book titled: Listen to what they say: voices of twentieth century Beechworth. The cassette tapes were digitised in July 2021 with funds made available by the Friends of the Burke.Employed as a psychiatric nurse at one of Beechworth's large welfare institutions, Mayday Hills, Mrs Sheila Parkinson recalls the conditions faced by staff and patients at the hospital, which cared for chronically ill people from the Ovens region and patients from the Yarra Bend Asylum, Melbourne, which closed in 1925. When Sheila first began her nurse training, Mayday Hills suffered from a lack of resources and rudimentary facilities and patients frequently suffered from the cold due to poor heating and inadequate clothing and bedding. However, as the twentieth century progressed, Sheila recalls how conditions and treatments improved as a result of increased government funding of services and advances in psychiatry and pharmaceutical medicine. Mrs Sheila Parkinson's oral history recording is historically and socially significant for its witness to life in Beechworth in the pre- and post-WWII period. Sheila's story enriches our understanding of processes of modernisation with regard to psychiatric and welfare services, while the course of Sheila's professional training and employment brings attention to systemic and socio-economic barriers faced by women, as well as the valuable contribution women and migrants make in the delivery of care and ancillary services. This oral history account is socially and historically significant as it is a part of a broader collection of interviews conducted by Jennifer Williams which were published in the book 'Listen to what they say: voices of twentieth-century Beechworth.' While the township of Beechworth is known for its history as a gold rush town, these accounts provide a unique insight into the day-to-day life of the town's residents during the twentieth century, many of which would have been lost if they had not been preserved.This is a digital copy of a recording that was originally captured on a cassette tape. The cassette tape is black with a horizontal white strip and is currently stored in a clear flat plastic rectangular container. It holds up 40 minutes of recordings on each side.Mrs Sheila Parkinson /twentieth century beechworth, mayday hills, psychiatric care, benevolent asylums, nursing, wwii, psychiatric treatment, country women, psychiatric hostpital, beechworth's institutions, local employment, government institutions, listen to what they say, oral history, burke museum, sheila parkinson, beechworth lunatic asylum, beechworth mental hospital, beechworth hospital for the insane, the kerferd clinic, bonegilla migrant camp, working women, white australia policy

This photograph is presumed to be of Olive and Lillie Duncan as older women, as it was part of a donated collection of material relating to them and their involvement with the Ladies Harbour Lights Guild.This is a photograph of social and historic significance, being part of a sub-collection of material that provides a snapshot of the type of individuals involved in the Ladies Harbour Lights Guild and the activities carried out by that organisation. This particular photograph is also socially significant as it portrays the furnishing, clothing and hair fashions of the time (1960s).Black and white photograph of two older women with permed hair wearing round white earrings, eating and talking together in a lounge room in a family home. A television set is also featured in the photograph. The image has slightly blurred definition.Noneladies harbour lights guild, lillie duncan, olive duncan

A pair of women's short boots, black & white lace-up style. Brand T. Jerome.Stamped into leather "T. Jerome'flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, short boots, ladies boots, ladies footwear, ladies clothing accessories, ladies fashion, women's footwear, women's boots

This cape may have belonged to RAN Telegraphist Norma Ashton Kilfoyle, however the date of her service is not consistent with the style of the article (which has buttons which suggest this cape was issued post 1952 during the reign of Queen Elizabeth II). It is possible, though not confirmed, that this cape was worn by Norma Kilfoyle in a later role after the Second World War.Black thigh-length nurses cape with red satin lining. Fastened along centre with four gold buttons and one press stud at chin (second button from the top is missing). Two slits at waist height on both left and right allow arms through from the interior to the front. Embroidered manufacturer’s label on interior at base of neck, below which there is an ink inscription. Sewn in fabric swatch on interior right.Handwritten inscription reads “KILFOYLE”. Manufacturer’s label reads “[Australian coat of arms]/A Quality Garment/BY/Australian Government Clothing Factory”. Interior sewn in label reads “33643/Kilfoyle/Cloak F Bara/[indiscernible characters]”. Buttons read “[Queen Elizabeth crown over the Navy anchor]/AUSTRALIA” and on interior “STOKES/MELB”cape, second world war, world war two, world war ii, navy, royal australian navy, ran, women, telegraph, communications

This cutlery set mirrors older examples held in the collection (K04) and may have been manufactured as recently as the 2000s. The manufacturer's name "GROSVENOR" and the defence symbol of the broad arrow indicates that the equipment was produced by an external company.This set is representative of a typical set issued to contemporary servicemen and women and as such, has social significance as a ubiquitous relic of service. The set has strong interpretive capacity, being able to draw on issues of equipment, food, technological shifts over time. The set also represents a shift in defence equipment production from government-run manufacturing, with the Australian Government Clothing Factory and Australian Defence Apparel etc., to outsourced contracted production with existing manufacturers such as Grosvenor, an established cutlery manufacturing company.Three piece fork, knife and spoon set held together by a flat headed pin on the knife handle which clips into corresponding holes on fork and knife handles. Handles are curved (concave) in centre. Spoon has engraving "[broad arrow] GROSVENOR 381"; Fork has engraving "[broad arrow] GROSVENOR 381"; Knife has engraving "[broad arrow] GROSVENOR 3".cutlery, knife, fork, spoon, food, equipment, ration

This pair of silk split-leg drawers was handmade by Gladys Angus for her trousseau in 1929 when she married Dr. Angus. The design became popular in the mid-1800's and continued into the early 1900's. It is part of the W.R.Angus Collection and was donated to Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village by the family of Doctor William Roy Angus, Surgeon and Oculist. The Collection that includes historical medical equipment, surgical instruments and material once belonging to Dr Edward Ryan and Dr Thomas Francis Ryan, (both of Nhill, Victoria) as well as Dr Angus’ own belongings. The Collection’s history spans the medical practices of the two Doctors Ryan, from 1885-1926 plus that of Dr Angus, up until 1969. Dr Angus was the last Port Medical Officer in Warrnambool.This garment is an example of the beautiful handmade clothing produced in Australian homes in the early 20th century. The W.R. Angus Collection is significant for still being located at the site it is connected with, Doctor Angus being the last Port Medical Officer in Warrnambool. The collection of medical instruments and other equipment is culturally significant, being an historical example of medicine from late 19th to mid-20th century. Dr Angus assisted Dr Tom Ryan, a pioneer in the use of X-rays and in ocular surgery. Lingerie, split-leg drawers, beige silk, handmade, with scalloped finish on legs and drawer string waist. Each leg is finished separately then drawn together at the waist by a ribbon drawer-string, with the legs overlapping slightly. It is part of the W.R. Angus Collection. flagstaff hill, warrnambool, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, dr w r angus, dr ryan, handmade lingerie, lingerie 1920's, silk lingerie, split leg drawers, split-leg drawers, early 20th century, ladies underwear, women's underwear, underwear, silk inderwear, undergarment

This amber satin evening outfit was worn by Mrs Isabella Mitchell (nee Russell, 1840 – 1929) at the wedding of her brother Alexander (c.1846–1938) and Eliza (nee Moore, c.1854–1939). The jacket and skirt attach at the waist by joining the metal rings around the base of the jacket, and the metal hooks on the waistband of the skirt. The outfit was donated with its own mannequin and fits it perfectly. In the colonial days, outer clothing was rarely, if ever, washed, due to the expense of fabrics and the difficulty in careful laundering. Clever methods were employed to reduce the occurrence of soiling. The mannequin included with the donation would also help keep the outfit in good shape and ensure a flattering fit. FAMILIES’ HISTORY The families connected with this wedding, where the outfit was worn, are from Warrnambool’s colonial days. Isabella and Alexander’s parents, Robert Russell and Elizabeth (nee Mitchell), were born in 1808 and married about 1830. They were from farming families in Northern Ireland, where they raised their seven children before migrating to Australia in the early colonial days, around 1857. Their graves are in the Tower Hill Cemetery. Alexander’s wife, Eliza (nee Moore, born in 1854), was also from Northern Ireland and migrated to Australia in 1858 with her parents, Thomas and Nancy Moore, in the last voyage of the sailing ship “Chance”. Isabella (Bella) talked with her granddaughter Ruby Akers about her memories of Alexander and Eliza’s wedding and other events in her life. Ruby recorded these memories in a letter. She says, “They were married in the Warrnambool Congregational Church by a pioneer minister, the Reverend Uriah Coombs. The bride wore a pale blue silk wedding gown, which she made herself. Bella was Matron of Honora, and Ian McCasker was best man. In those days, the transport to the church was usually a carriage – similar to a cab – and a pair of white ponies. They would have the reception at home, go for a drive afterwards, and at night there would be a dance. They did all the catering themselves … Eliza carried on farming in the Dennington, Yarpturk and Purnim districts until they moved to Camperdown around 1905…” Ruby’s letter later mentions “[Isabella] could recall seeing a blackfellows’ corroboree being performed near where the Dennington Bridge now stands. It was rather a terrifying experience; they seemed to be in a warlike mood, and one never knew what they would do next. One lubra came running to Granny, crying, Hide me, bad man kill me. She was bleeding from a wound in the head: probably the result of a blow from a waddy. My mother [Margaret Jane McLaughlan nee Mitchell], coming home from school in the 1800s, often met blackfellows walking ahead with spears and boomerang, the two lubras – they usually had two – following in the rear, carrying the children or any burdens they had.“ Margaret was probably in primary school at the time she saw these things. Alexander and Eliza had ten children. One of their daughters, Margaret Jane, was born in Warrnambool in 1879. She married William McCullagh, and they had eleven children. Margaret made headlines in the Warrnambool newspapers for celebrating her 100th birthday. She had lived in the district for 60 years before moving to Melbourne. Alexander passed away at the age of 92, and Eliza passed away six months later, aged 85. Their graves are in the Colac cemetery. Isabella married Ralph Mitchell, and their daughter Margaret Jane married John McLauchlan in 1891. Margaret and John’s daughter, Ruby Elizabeth Jane, married Fredrick Akers in 1938. Fredrick, born in England, was a Boer War veteran and served in the British Army. He migrated to Queensland, Australia, in 1913, and joined the Australian Army to fight in World War I. In 1935, he moved to Warrnambool, where he served in the Volunteer Defence Corps from 1938 to 1945. Both Ruby and Fredrick are buried in the Tower Hill Cemetery.The evening outfit and its accompanying mannequin serve as notable examples of female fashion from the mid to late 1900s. These items reflect the styles and trends that were prevalent during this period, offering insight into the clothing choices and cultural influences that shaped women's attire. Beyond their representation of period fashion, the outfit and mannequin are significant due to their association with colonial pioneer families from Australia, specifically Victoria and Warrnambool. These families played an important role in the development and history of the region, and the items are linked to their legacy. The evening outfit and mannequin are also notable for their connection to a wedding that united two colonial families originating from Northern Ireland. These families immigrated to Australia in the mid-1850s and became influential figures within the Warrnambool district. The wedding marked a significant event, symbolising the merging of two prominent family lineages. Furthermore, the significance of the evening outfit and mannequin extends to their connection with the colonial families’ contact with the indigenous culture of the district. These items represent a period of interaction between the native and European peoples, highlighting the cultural exchanges that occurred within the region. This lady’s evening outfit is made from amber coloured satin fabric. It comprises a short-waisted, long-sleeved jacket and a long skirt, and it has its own neck-to-floor wooden mannequin on a pedestal. The outfit was worn by Mrs Isabella Mitchell (nee Russell) as the Matron of Honour at the wedding of her brother Alexander Russell and his fiancée Eliza Moore in Warrnambool, 29th April 1874.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, evening outfit, wedding outfit, bridesmaid’ outfit, matron of honour outfit, clothing female, clothing late 19th century, clothing wedding late 19th century, clothing bridesmaid late 19th century, clothing antique, clothing ladies, women’s clothing, women’s fashion, alexander russell, eliza russell, eliza moore, isabella mitchell, bella mitchell, bella russell, isabella russell, ralph russell, ian mccusker, ruby akers, fredrick william akers, ruby mclauchlan, margaret jane mclaughlan nee mitchell, margaret jane mclaughlan centenarian, william mclaughlan, robert russell, elizabeth russell nee mitchell, irish immigrants, warrnambool volunteer defence corps 1938-1945, antique satin outfit, warrnambool wedding 1874, congregational church warrnambool, reverend uriah coombs, dennington farmer, yarpturk farmer, purnim district farmer, camperdown resident 1905, dennington bridge, indigenous corroboree in dennington, corroboree in warrnambool, 1880s corroboree in warrnambool, lubra and baby, indigenous corroboree in warrnambool, mccullagh family

This item of underclothing, called a "combination" is one of several linen and clothing items belonging to the deceased estate of Susan Henry OAM (nee Vedmore 1944 - 2021) that was donated to Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village. Susan's family (Harold and Gladys Vedmore) immigrated to Australia from Wales in 1955 and settled in Warrnambool. Susan was well known in the Warrnambool community for her work supporting children and families across the district - particular those with disabilities, or those who were homeless, unemployed or isolated. Susan was the founding trustee of the "Vedmore Foundation" - a Warrnambool philanthropic trust set up in 2010 to support a range of charitable and not-for-profit causes by providing grant assistance. In 2021, she was awarded a Medal of the Order of Australia for services to the community. Combination undergarments combined the chemise and drawers into one garment. The combination is divided, or bifurcated, from the waist to the crotch for easier urinating. This one-piece type of underwear was worn by females from the 1860s and into the early 1900s. The 19th Century garments had front button closures like this one, and those made in the 1900s more often had back closures. Combination underwear was popular because the all-in-one design had far fewer gathers and bulk, making the other clothing look much smoother. Their primary use was to protect clothing from perspiration and because they were made with cotton or linen, were easy to wash. This particular item is made with lawn (a very lightweight fabric) and is sleeveless, making it suitable for hot weather. Although they were worn under the corset next to the skin (and therefore not meant to be seen), they were often decorated with lace or embroidery. This item is an example of the needlework skills of women in the late 19th century - using machine stitching and lace to personalise and embellish a practical item of clothing. It is also significant as an example of a practical solution to the difficulties that women of this era faced with regard to the washing of clothes and household linens.Lady’s white lawn and lace all-In-one combination undergarment. The handmade underwear is a combined chemise and bloomers. It has four buttons in the front and is trimmed with lace on the neckline, armholes, bodice (in a diagonal design) and legs. The left and right sides are divided from the waist to the crutch. The back of the garment is plain with a gathered section at the lower back.flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, great ocean road, combinations, lady's combinations, undergarment, lingerie, handsewn, underwear, clothing, victorian era undergarments, lady's garment, susan henry oam, vedmore foundation

This petticoat was one of several items donated from the estate of Susan Henry OAM nee Vedmore (1944 - 2021). It is in very good condition and appears to be from the Edwardian era - early 20th century. A petticoat is a lady's undergarment - worn under a skirt or dress. They provided warmth, modesty and shape to the dress. In the middle of the 19th century, petticoats were worn over hoops, bustles or in layers. Petticoats varied according to the style of the outside skirt or dress. Plain petticoats tended to be worn with everyday wear whilst better dresses (party dresses or silk gowns) were worn with petticoats that often had more trim and embellishments. Edwardian petticoats had less volume than Victorian era petticoats and they had a "dust ruffle" or lining under a lace flounce. The "dust ruffle" protected the lace flounce and gave the petticoat more flare at the bottom, greater freedom when walking as well as saving the flounce (which was often made of finer material) from everyday wear and tear. Tucks are another feature of Edwardian petticoats - when the lace at the bottom became worn, it could be cut off and the tucks released. This extended the life of the petticoat. This petticoat features an intricate trim of broderie anglaise. Although broderie anglaise was a lace that could be made by hand, it was very time consuming to make. St Gallen was a city in Switzerland that had become known for producing quality textiles. At the beginning of the 19th century, the first embroidery machines were developed in St Gallen. Factories used embroidery machines but people also had them in their homes. They were able to produce broderie anglaise for export. By the early 20th century, machine made lace, fabric, ribbons etc. were being sold in drapers shops all over England and Wales to women who were making clothes and furnishings for their families. It is highly likely that the lady who made this petticoat brought the lengths of broderie anglaise already made to embellish and personalise her petticoat. Susan's family (Harold and Gladys Vedmore) immigrated to Australia from Wales in 1955 and settled in Warrnambool. Susan was well known in the Warrnambool community for her work supporting children and families across the district - particular those with disabilities, or those who were homeless, unemployed or isolated. Susan was the founding trustee of the "Vedmore Foundation" - a Warrnambool philanthropic trust set up in 2010 to support a range of charitable and not-for-profit causes by providing grant assistance. In 2021, she was awarded a Medal of the Order of Australia for services to the community.This item is an example of the needlework skills of women in the late 19th century - creating pintucks and adding lace to personalise and embellish a practical item of clothing. It is also significant as an example of a practical solution to the difficulties that women of this era faced with regard to the washing of clothes and household linens.A white lawn petticoat with a 22.5 cm opening that fastens with 2 small buttons and a drawstring tie. It is decorated with two wide pintucks followed by two gathered frills (or flounces) - one decorated with three rows of narrow pintucks and a single row of broderie anglaise and the bottom frilled hem finished with 3 rows of broderie anglaise in a flower design. The two bottom frills are lined with plain white cotton fabric.flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, great ocean road, petticoat, lady's petticoat, undergarment, lady's undergarment, lingerie, edwardian petticoat, broderie anglaise, lace, machine made lace, hand sewn, machine sewn, draper's shop, susan henry oam, vedmore foundation

A "Plain Sewing Sampler" or "Darning Sampler" was intended to showcase the wide range of sewing techniques and skills a girl or woman had. These skills might include hand sewing techniques such as darning, patching, hemming, mending, structural sewing (making pleats, inserting gussets, joining fabric with seams) making buttonholes and embroidery. Samplers could also be intended for practicing a particular technique. There were several articles printed in Australian newspapers around 1889 referring to the "Plain Sewing Movement". In 1889 a Melbourne branch of the "London Institute for the Advancement of Plain Needlework" was formed by a group of ladies led by Lady Loch and Lady Clarke with the purpose of teaching "plain needlework' to women and girls. "Plain Sewing" included fundamental stitches and techniques that were essential for practical clothing construction and maintenance. Several years later in 1891, another meeting was held at Clivedon (the residence of Lady Clarke) to look into the possibility of improving the teaching of sewing in the state schools. This meeting was attended by several school inspectors and the committee of "the Melbourne Institute for the Advancement of Plain Needlework". This "Plain Sewing Sampler" was donated from the estate of Susan Henry OAM nee Vedmore (1944 - 2021). Susan's family (Harold and Gladys Vedmore) immigrated to Australia from Wales in 1955 and settled in Warrnambool. Susan was well known in the Warrnambool community for her work supporting children and families across the district - particular those with disabilities, or those who were homeless, unemployed or isolated. Susan was the founding trustee of the "Vedmore Foundation" - a Warrnambool philanthropic trust set up to support a range of charitable and not-for-profit causes by providing grant assistance. In 2021, she was awarded a Medal of the Order of Australia for services to the community. It has not been possible to identify the lady (with the initials L. L.) who made this item in 1897 but it was thought to possibly be a female relation in her maternal (or possibly, paternal) grandmother's family. It has many of the same elements and techniques that were taught by the "Plain Sewing Movement" that originated in England at the end of the nineteenth century.This item is a rare example of the handcraft skills learnt by women and girls in the late 1890's to construct and maintain practical clothing for their families.A cream cotton sampler made from three smaller rectangular shapes, displaying a wide variety of plain sewing techniques including hand stitched seams (french, bound and herringboned), inserted patch, buttonhole, button, gathering, a gusset, frills, pintucks, a placket, cross stitch initials and date (L L and 1897) and decorative embroidery.L L/1897flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, warrnambool, shipwreck coast, needlework, textiles, plain sewing sampler, darning sampler, handwork, sewing, great ocean road, susan henry oam, vedmore trust, hand sewing, sewing techniques

A "Plain Sewing Sampler" or "Darning Sampler" was intended to showcase the wide range of sewing techniques and skills a girl or woman had. These skills might include hand sewing techniques such as darning, patching, hemming, mending, structural sewing (making pleats, inserting gussets, joining fabric with seams) making buttonholes and embroidery. Samplers could also be intended for practicing a particular technique. There were several articles printed in Australian newspapers around 1889 referring to the "Plain Sewing Movement". In 1889 a Melbourne branch of the "London Institute for the Advancement of Plain Needlework" was formed by a group of ladies led by Lady Loch and Lady Clarke with the purpose of teaching "plain needlework' to women and girls. "Plain Sewing" included fundamental stitches and techniques that were essential for practical clothing construction and maintenance. Several years later in 1891, another meeting was held at Clivedon (the residence of Lady Clarke) to look into the possibility of improving the teaching of sewing in the state schools. This meeting was attended by several school inspectors and the committee of "the Melbourne Institute for the Advancement of Plain Needlework". This "Plain Sewing Sampler" was donated from the estate of Susan Henry nee Vedmore (1944 - 2021). Susan's family (Harold and Gladys Vedmore) immigrated to Australia from Wales in 1955 and settled in Warrnambool. Susan was well known in the Warrnambool community for her work supporting children and families across the district - particular those with disabilities, or those who were homeless, unemployed or isolated. Susan was the founding trustee of the "Vedmore Foundation" - a Warrnambool philanthropic trust set up to support a range of charitable and not-for-profit causes by providing grant assistance. In 2021, she was awarded a Medal of the Order of Australia for services to the community. It has not been possible to identify the lady (with the initials L. L.) who made this item in 1897 but it was thought to possibly be a female relation in her maternal (or possibly, paternal) grandmother's family. It has many of the same elements and techniques that were taught by the "Plain Sewing Movement" that originated in England at the end of the nineteenth century.This item is a rare example of the handcraft skills needed by women and girls in the late 1890's to construct and maintain practical clothing for their families.A cream flannel sampler made from three smaller rectangular shapes, displaying a wide variety of plain sewing techniques including hand stitched seams (french, bound and herringboned), darned patches, inserted patches, pleats, buttonholes, buttons, a gusset, pintucks, a placket, cross stitch initials and date (L L and 1897) and decorative embroidery.L.L. / ?? Yr 1897flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, great ocean road, warrnambool, sewing, plain sewing, sewing sampler, plain sewing sampler, darning sampler, hand sewing, textiles, susan henry oam, vedmore foundation, sewing techniques

This beaded dress collar is of a style from the mid 20th century - possibly even as early as the 1930's. It is designed to be easily removed and worn with different outfits - e.g. a dress, knitted top or blouse. Articles from Australian newspapers (particularly the Women's fashion pages) in the decades from the 1930's through to the 1950's often mentioned society ladies wearing "beaded collars" when describing their fashions and in the 1950's "beaded collars" were being made and imported from Japan however this particular collar appears to have been handmade. Unfortunately the maker of this collar is unknown.This item is an example of how women in the mid 20th century used their needlework skills to personalise and embellish an item of clothing (a collar) designed in a practical way to be able to be used with different items of clothing. Lady's beaded collar with a decorative floral design of flowers made with blue beads, outlined with bronze beads on a white beaded background. Bronze beads have also been used to "draw" leaf shapes and tendrils and outline a border all around the collar. A hook and eye are attached to a fine cotton bias band at the top of the collar and the beading is sewn onto a fine net lining.flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, warrnambool, great ocean road, fashion, beaded collar, beading, decorative fashion, collar, lady's fashion

A baleen whale has hard bristly baleen that hangs from its upper jaw inside its mouth instead of teeth. Baleen is made from a protein called keratin, just like human hair and fingernails, and its colour can vary between species, from black to yellow or white. The whale uses the tough, flexible baleen like a sieve to catch its food, filtering the small sea creatures out of the sea water it releases from its mouth. In the19th Century, whales were hunted for the products that could be made from their bodies, such as oil for lubricating machinery, soap making, lamps, heaters and fuel for the lighthouse lights. The flexible baleen was used for whip handles, carriage springs and umbrella ribs. It was also used for the skirt hoops, hat ribs, and rigid ‘stays’ in tightly fitting bodices to enhance their figures. The Southern Right Whales, as well as Blue Whales and Humpback Whales, are baleen whales. The Southern Rights annually visit the ocean off the southwest coast during the breeding season. In the early 1800s whalers hunted along this coastline in their dangerous pursuit of money for the precious cargoes of whale oil and bones. The population of these large animals dwindled quickly and by the late 1840s the whaling industry dwindled. Whaling recommenced from the 1940s to the 1980s when the whale products were used to make margarine and dog food. The baleen sample has been used to educate people about whaling and about the properties of baleen. The baleen sample is significant for its association with 19th century women's fashion. It helps to understand how garments were supported to shape a woman's figure. The baleen sample represents a period when whales were hunted and killed to provide income and products for for the local settlers and for the export industry.Baleen sample from a whale's jaw. Its black shiny hard yet flexible surface is slightly rippled and textured. One end is fringed and the other and a smooth cut edge. The colour varies in places, with stripy brown colouring. flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, great ocean road, shipwreck coast, baleen, whalebone, baleen whale, keratin, 19th century, whaling industry, women's fashion, stays, bodice, women's figures, fashion, clothing, whale oil, baleen colour, whale hunting, whale products, southern right whale, blue whale, humpback whale, southwest victoria, whalers, whale bones

Lace collars and cuffs were used by women in the late 19th and early 20th century to embellish their clothing. They were able to be detached which made them suitable as a decorative object on clothing that could be easily changed when required. Duchesse lace, was produced in Belgium from about the mid-nineteenth century onwards. In general, it was regarded as a cheaper version of 'true' Brussels lace and is a form of bobbin lace. The lace set was part of a collection belonging to Alice Matilda Barrie. Alice was born on October 17th, 1885 at Willowie, SA, she died on May 10th, 1981 in Adelaide. Alice was the daughter of Thomas and Luisse Mathilde Wood. Thomas was the publican of the Willowie hotel and Alice's brother Frank owned the Willowie store where the lace set may have been purchased. A family photo shows Alice wearing a lace collar in the early 1940’s which confirms her use of similar articles.The lace set has significance historically and socially as an example of textile accessories women used to embellish their clothing in the late 19th and early 20th century.A Duchesse lace set comprising three collars, a pair of cuffs and a hanky. Two of the collars are rounded and the third has a rectangular back and falls to points at the front. The lace on the hanky has been handstitched to the fine linen centre shape. In each piece the lace motifs are flower based (petals, stems, leaves) and are joined by thin bars.flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, great ocean road, shipwreck coast, lace, brussels duchesse lace, duchesse lace, cotton, linen, flower motifs, bobbin lace, lace collar, lace cuff, lace hanky, lace handkerchief, lace set, lace accessories

The Queen: The Ladies Newspaper and Court Chronicle or simply The Queen was a magazine created in 1864 in London. The title became ‘Queen’ in the 1950s, then ‘Harpers and Queen’ in the UK and then part of the British ‘Harper's Bazaar’. In 1861 Samuel Orchart Beeton (Mrs Beeton’s husband) had founded a paper named ‘The Queen’ about fashion and culture for upper class women of society. Edward William Cox bought the title the following year and at the same time he bought the Queen's rival that was named ‘The Ladies' Paper’. He merged the two publications into ‘The Queen: The Ladies Newspaper and Court Chronicle’ in 1864. The designer was John Redfern (1820-1895). He founded a British tailoring firm that developed into a leading European couture house and is credited for being one of the first designers to make tailored clothing respectable for women.‘The Queen, The Lady's Newspaper’ was delivered to Australia from the UK during the late 1800s. The fashion page shows the style of dress favoured by the Royal Princesses (Queen Victoria’s daughters)A double-sided newspaper page. The front page shows two full length sketches and one half-sketch of winter costumes designed for the Princesses of Wales in 1887 by Messrs Redfern of Conduit-street. The back page is set out in three columns with close typeset. There are three main sections titled The Boudoir (To Correspondents, University Women & Royal Naval Scripture Readers’ Society), Births, Marriages, Deaths and What Women are Doing. The descriptions of the winter costumes and which Princess they were for has been covered up by the date and title of the newspaper. The name Victor is written between the two full length sketches – presumably this is the artist’s signature. flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, great ocean road, shipwreck coast, 1887, winter costumes for the princesses of wales, the queen, the lady's newspaper, newspaper fashion page, john redfern, 'what women are doing', the boudoir, newspaper, births marriages and deaths announcements