"LARGE GATHERINGNG AT - CROSSLEY DEDICATION AND OPENING SERVICES. SERMON BY DR. MANNIX. Yesterday was an important and historic day for the Roman Catholic community of Crossley and Koroit, in as much as it will be always associated in the memories of all con cerned with the opening of the new St. Brigid's Church, Crossley. This building is far above the average standard of sacred edifices in country towns, and is certainly superior to any ercted in this district outside the churches in the two larger centres - Warrnambool and Koroit. The style of architecture chosen is a free treatment of the Romanesque, which is something quite original in the Western District. This noble style, from which, with its near re lative the Byzantine, spring the great Gothic school of architecture, is characterised by a special charm of its own, one of its chief features being graceful and sweeping circular curves in roof, window heads and in the ar rangenent of the ground plan. The building is of brick finished off with true Romanesqiue pillared pinnacles in concrete and plaster, the brick and concrete producing a pleasing contrast. The main characteristic of the front is a large rose window filled with Romlanesque circular tracery, and below a bold porch and entrance. The two sides are pierced with long circular-headed windows between graceful buttresses and the wall line is pleasingly broken by the projecting bays of the confessionals and also by the vestries. The main building is 80 feet by 30 feet' and the Sanctuary is spacious and semi-circular in shape, and lighted by three windows. The interior of the church is most artistic. The ceiling is semi-circular and of fibrous plaster in ornate designs. All the windows are lead lighted, throwing a rich and mellow harmony of' color throughout the interior and the white wails, mouldings, architraves and other fibrous plaster decorations: are further relieved by the rich coloring: in the stations of.the Cross arrranged around the nave. The central window of the Sanctuary contains a splendidly executed stained glass representation of St. Brigid. At.the western end is a room gallery. The altar is a choice piece of Gothic woodwork, in light, soft coloring, and there are two altars on either side of the Sanctuary in oak, and above whlch are very fine colored figures of Christ; and the Madonna. On either side of the altar are life-size figures of angels holding high brass candalabra. The whole of the furnishings of the church are on a sumptuous scale, and the edifice reflects credit on all concerned. The church can seat nearly 500 people. The architect was Mr. A. A. Fritsch. of Melbourne, and the contractors Messrs F. and E. Deagne, of North Fitzroy. The contract price for the building was £5,500. THE OPENING SERVICE. After the cereimony of solemnly blesssing the church was performed by His Lordship the Bishop of the Diocese, Dr. Higgins, assisted by His Grace the Coadjutor Archbishop of Melbourne. Dr. Mannix, the great gatheiring from all parts of the district entered the church, which was soon completely filled. The members of the H.A.C.B.S. attended wearing their green and gold regalia, and acted as a 'guard of honor' to the Co-adjlutor Arclhbishop and Bishop. Mass was celebrated by the Rev. Father Phelan, of Koroit, and a feature of the solemn service was the singing of a choir which consisted of picked voices from St. Carthage's choir, with friends from Warrnam bool and assisted by some of the mem bers of the Koroit choir, with Miss Logan as organist and Mr. Arthur H. Renwick as conductor. They rendered the music in splendid style throghonut. The "Kyrie," "Gloria." "Agnus Dei' and Dona Nobis" were from Farmer's Mass in B flat, and the "Credo" and "Sanctus" from Webbe's Mass in G. The soloists in the Mass were Mrs. Ryan, the Misses McEntee. Miss Katie O'Brien. and Messrs. J. M. Crowley, W. J. Callaghan; B. McEntee and W. Mahony. The chorus sang with great precision, special attention being paid to at tack. At the offertory Mrs. Dan Ryan gave a beautiful rendering of Gounod's "Ava Maria." After the Elevation that fine duet "Tantum Ergo." by Rossi, was sung by Messrs. Crowley and Renwick in an artistic manner, their fine voices blending splendidly. During the collection, Mr. Renwick sang with much feeling that devotional solo, "Lead Thou Me On,", after which Mr Crowley gave .an ex cellent rendering of Weissi's "0 Salu taris Hostia;" and the choir sang several hymns." It might here be mentioned that at the request of Fa ther Kerin, the same choir will repeat the music.at the Koroit Church on Sunday next, on the occasion of the ceremnly of laying the foundation stone of the cormpletion of the church. Dr. Mannix preachled the sermon for the occasion, taking his text from St. Luke first 11 verses. He re viewed the Gospel story of Christ preaching to the multitude from a boat on Lake Gennesaret and the miraculous draught of fish. The obedi ence of the poor fishermen in casting their nets at Christ's bidding was richly rewarded, and the miraculous occurrence was a striking example of what was to happen when Christ established His Church and built it up on those twelve apostles. When they came to think of it, nothing so re markable and marvellous had happened before or since in the history of mankind. The world at that time was for the most part a Pagan world steeped in iniquity and sin. The chosen people of God had God's re velation, but they worshipped with their lips and not with their hearts. When Christ was to establish His Church upon earth and leave an or gantisation that would continue His work, did He select learned men, powerful men, rich men, or a time that would seem propituous? No. He selected twelve poor, igorant simple fishermen, without money, power, learning or anything calculated to enable them to do anything striking in the world's history. The success of the first morning after pentecost was not confined to those first days when the plentitude of the Holy Ghost sat upon the .Apostles, but it continued age after age until the whole world was brought within the sphere of ac tion of the Church. Greece, Rome Europe Asia and America, and now Australia had been brought into the net. This must be a consolation to them all as well as it was to him (the preacher), when they remembered that they came from a land which of all others had been faithful to the Gospel of Jesus Christ. It was a consolation to them that in that great work that had been accomplished in bringing men into the meshes of the Church, and bringing them to God the nation to which they belontged had taken so great a part. Their religion flourished in England, Scotland, America and Australia. Surely it was due to the sons of St. Patrick, the sons and daughters of Ireland to find consolation in these great facts might It might seem hard that so many had to leave their native-land for England, Scotland, America and Australia. But if hard it was the means of keeping the Catholic faith living in England and Scotland. If to-day the Irish Catholics and Catholics of Irish de scent were taken out of the English and Scotch population there would be little left of the true Church of God. It seemed hard to emigrate to distant lands, but the result had been the new magnificent church in the United States, the flourishing churches in Canada and South Africa. Those Irish emigrants were a cornparatively small band. Perhaps they had not the learning of other nations. Certainly they had not the wealth and it did not fall to their lot to have the power of the sword, but God was with them, and the faith they took from Ireland flourished in those distant lands. In this fair land of Australia they had a glorious herit age handed down from the pioneer Irish Catholics, who came to this fair Austral land. There was a time when those who were opposed to God and God's Church,thought that Australia should be a wholly Protestant land. They had lived to see whether God or His enemies were the stronger. They had lived to see that those who in distant days would have stamped out the Catholic religion in Australia, had not prevailed. Their names had been forgotten because of their persecution of the Catholic Church, and they had lived - to see the glorious success that now, in every part of the Common wealth, rested upon the Catholic Church in Australia. Might God bless that Church and those Irish people, and the people of Irish descent, who had built it up. In that locality, and there was no place in.the Common wealth where the Catholic Church was held in higher esteem, the people would always be faithful to God and His Church. That beautiful building, and all it signified in loyalty and faithfulness, was a credit and a consolation to the Bishop and people of the diocese, to the architect who had done his work so artistically and skil fully. to the priests and the zealous administration of the parish. There was surely hope and inspiration in that day's celebration, that as time went on the Catholic faith would sink deeper and deeper into ther coming generation, and that the Catholic progress of the past 50 years would be small in comparison to the great progress of the future. He congratulated the Bishop priests and people who had raised that temple. He congratulated the people of Crossley; upon their generosity and self-sacrifice, and he prayed that God's blessing and the blessing of St. Brigid would rest upon them; their children and children's children. And when those who had received the sacraments and had been instructed in that Church were called before the Judgment Seat he pray ed that not one would be missing, and St. Peter aind St. Brigid would be able to count them all into the en joyment .of Eternal bliss. THE CELEBRATION The Rev. Father Kerin, Adninistra tor of the Parish, after the collection, read a lengthy list of the principal donations, headed by the Bishop, Dr. Higgins, with £250. All the furnish ings of the Church were also donations, and the Coadjutor-Archbishop added £5 to the list. The Rev. Father Kerin stated that the total to hand was £1245/10/7, which was an other proof of the generosity of the Crossley and district people. The amount previously received in donations was £1077/3. They started buildiing with a credit balance of £262 10/5 and ther now had a debit balance of £2,728/18/5. The total cost of the Church was £6,250, so that they would see the greater part of the indebtedness had already been wiped out. The Bishop (Dr. Higgins) delivered a brief address, in the course of which he congratulated the priests and people upon the completion of their magnificent Church. He congratulated the people on their magnificent generosity. He expressed his of deep indebtedness to the Coadjutor Archbishop of Melbourne for the services he had rendered to them. He had attended at considerable sacrifice to himself, and they were extremely grateful for the presence of so distinguished a champion who had shown such zeal and interest in their Church in this new land. He (the Bishop) trusted that his splendid talents would long be devoted to the defence of the Church." (Warrnambul Standard, 02 July 1914)Digital images of the in..terior of St Brigid's Crossleyst brigid's crossley, st brigid's, catholic church, catholic, church, community, ceiling, stations of the cross, confessional, statues, windows

"LARGE GATHERINGNG AT - CROSSLEY DEDICATION AND OPENING SERVICES. SERMON BY DR. MANNIX. Yesterday was an important and historic day for the Roman Catholic community of Crossley and Koroit, in as much as it will be always associated in the memories of all con cerned with the opening of the new St. Brigid's Church, Crossley. This building is far above the average standard of sacred edifices in country towns, and is certainly superior to any ercted in this district outside the churches in the two larger centres - Warrnambool and Koroit. The style of architecture chosen is a free treatment of the Romanesque, which is something quite original in the Western District. This noble style, from which, with its near re lative the Byzantine, spring the great Gothic school of architecture, is characterised by a special charm of its own, one of its chief features being graceful and sweeping circular curves in roof, window heads and in the ar rangenent of the ground plan. The building is of brick finished off with true Romanesqiue pillared pinnacles in concrete and plaster, the brick and concrete producing a pleasing contrast. The main characteristic of the front is a large rose window filled with Romlanesque circular tracery, and below a bold porch and entrance. The two sides are pierced with long circular-headed windows between graceful buttresses and the wall line is pleasingly broken by the projecting bays of the confessionals and also by the vestries. The main building is 80 feet by 30 feet' and the Sanctuary is spacious and semi-circular in shape, and lighted by three windows. The interior of the church is most artistic. The ceiling is semi-circular and of fibrous plaster in ornate designs. All the windows are lead lighted, throwing a rich and mellow harmony of' color throughout the interior and the white wails, mouldings, architraves and other fibrous plaster decorations: are further relieved by the rich coloring: in the stations of.the Cross arrranged around the nave. The central window of the Sanctuary contains a splendidly executed stained glass representation of St. Brigid. At.the western end is a room gallery. The altar is a choice piece of Gothic woodwork, in light, soft coloring, and there are two altars on either side of the Sanctuary in oak, and above whlch are very fine colored figures of Christ; and the Madonna. On either side of the altar are life-size figures of angels holding high brass candalabra. The whole of the furnishings of the church are on a sumptuous scale, and the edifice reflects credit on all concerned. The church can seat nearly 500 people. The architect was Mr. A. A. Fritsch. of Melbourne, and the contractors Messrs F. and E. Deagne, of North Fitzroy. The contract price for the building was £5,500. THE OPENING SERVICE. After the cereimony of solemnly blesssing the church was performed by His Lordship the Bishop of the Diocese, Dr. Higgins, assisted by His Grace the Coadjutor Archbishop of Melbourne. Dr. Mannix, the great gatheiring from all parts of the district entered the church, which was soon completely filled. The members of the H.A.C.B.S. attended wearing their green and gold regalia, and acted as a 'guard of honor' to the Co-adjlutor Arclhbishop and Bishop. Mass was celebrated by the Rev. Father Phelan, of Koroit, and a feature of the solemn service was the singing of a choir which consisted of picked voices from St. Carthage's choir, with friends from Warrnam bool and assisted by some of the mem bers of the Koroit choir, with Miss Logan as organist and Mr. Arthur H. Renwick as conductor. They rendered the music in splendid style throghonut. The "Kyrie," "Gloria." "Agnus Dei' and Dona Nobis" were from Farmer's Mass in B flat, and the "Credo" and "Sanctus" from Webbe's Mass in G. The soloists in the Mass were Mrs. Ryan, the Misses McEntee. Miss Katie O'Brien. and Messrs. J. M. Crowley, W. J. Callaghan; B. McEntee and W. Mahony. The chorus sang with great precision, special attention being paid to at tack. At the offertory Mrs. Dan Ryan gave a beautiful rendering of Gounod's "Ava Maria." After the Elevation that fine duet "Tantum Ergo." by Rossi, was sung by Messrs. Crowley and Renwick in an artistic manner, their fine voices blending splendidly. During the collection, Mr. Renwick sang with much feeling that devotional solo, "Lead Thou Me On,", after which Mr Crowley gave .an ex cellent rendering of Weissi's "0 Salu taris Hostia;" and the choir sang several hymns." It might here be mentioned that at the request of Fa ther Kerin, the same choir will repeat the music.at the Koroit Church on Sunday next, on the occasion of the ceremnly of laying the foundation stone of the cormpletion of the church. Dr. Mannix preachled the sermon for the occasion, taking his text from St. Luke first 11 verses. He re viewed the Gospel story of Christ preaching to the multitude from a boat on Lake Gennesaret and the miraculous draught of fish. The obedi ence of the poor fishermen in casting their nets at Christ's bidding was richly rewarded, and the miraculous occurrence was a striking example of what was to happen when Christ established His Church and built it up on those twelve apostles. When they came to think of it, nothing so re markable and marvellous had happened before or since in the history of mankind. The world at that time was for the most part a Pagan world steeped in iniquity and sin. The chosen people of God had God's re velation, but they worshipped with their lips and not with their hearts. When Christ was to establish His Church upon earth and leave an or gantisation that would continue His work, did He select learned men, powerful men, rich men, or a time that would seem propituous? No. He selected twelve poor, igorant simple fishermen, without money, power, learning or anything calculated to enable them to do anything striking in the world's history. The success of the first morning after pentecost was not confined to those first days when the plentitude of the Holy Ghost sat upon the .Apostles, but it continued age after age until the whole world was brought within the sphere of ac tion of the Church. Greece, Rome Europe Asia and America, and now Australia had been brought into the net. This must be a consolation to them all as well as it was to him (the preacher), when they remembered that they came from a land which of all others had been faithful to the Gospel of Jesus Christ. It was a consolation to them that in that great work that had been accomplished in bringing men into the meshes of the Church, and bringing them to God the nation to which they belontged had taken so great a part. Their religion flourished in England, Scotland, America and Australia. Surely it was due to the sons of St. Patrick, the sons and daughters of Ireland to find consolation in these great facts might It might seem hard that so many had to leave their native-land for England, Scotland, America and Australia. But if hard it was the means of keeping the Catholic faith living in England and Scotland. If to-day the Irish Catholics and Catholics of Irish de scent were taken out of the English and Scotch population there would be little left of the true Church of God. It seemed hard to emigrate to distant lands, but the result had been the new magnificent church in the United States, the flourishing churches in Canada and South Africa. Those Irish emigrants were a cornparatively small band. Perhaps they had not the learning of other nations. Certainly they had not the wealth and it did not fall to their lot to have the power of the sword, but God was with them, and the faith they took from Ireland flourished in those distant lands. In this fair land of Australia they had a glorious herit age handed down from the pioneer Irish Catholics, who came to this fair Austral land. There was a time when those who were opposed to God and God's Church,thought that Australia should be a wholly Protestant land. They had lived to see whether God or His enemies were the stronger. They had lived to see that those who in distant days would have stamped out the Catholic religion in Australia, had not prevailed. Their names had been forgotten because of their persecution of the Catholic Church, and they had lived - to see the glorious success that now, in every part of the Common wealth, rested upon the Catholic Church in Australia. Might God bless that Church and those Irish people, and the people of Irish descent, who had built it up. In that locality, and there was no place in.the Common wealth where the Catholic Church was held in higher esteem, the people would always be faithful to God and His Church. That beautiful building, and all it signified in loyalty and faithfulness, was a credit and a consolation to the Bishop and people of the diocese, to the architect who had done his work so artistically and skil fully. to the priests and the zealous administration of the parish. There was surely hope and inspiration in that day's celebration, that as time went on the Catholic faith would sink deeper and deeper into ther coming generation, and that the Catholic progress of the past 50 years would be small in comparison to the great progress of the future. He congratulated the Bishop priests and people who had raised that temple. He congratulated the people of Crossley; upon their generosity and self-sacrifice, and he prayed that God's blessing and the blessing of St. Brigid would rest upon them; their children and children's children. And when those who had received the sacraments and had been instructed in that Church were called before the Judgment Seat he pray ed that not one would be missing, and St. Peter aind St. Brigid would be able to count them all into the en joyment .of Eternal bliss. THE CELEBRATION The Rev. Father Kerin, Adninistra tor of the Parish, after the collection, read a lengthy list of the principal donations, headed by the Bishop, Dr. Higgins, with £250. All the furnish ings of the Church were also donations, and the Coadjutor-Archbishop added £5 to the list. The Rev. Father Kerin stated that the total to hand was £1245/10/7, which was an other proof of the generosity of the Crossley and district people. The amount previously received in donations was £1077/3. They started buildiing with a credit balance of £262 10/5 and ther now had a debit balance of £2,728/18/5. The total cost of the Church was £6,250, so that they would see the greater part of the indebtedness had already been wiped out. The Bishop (Dr. Higgins) delivered a brief address, in the course of which he congratulated the priests and people upon the completion of their magnificent Church. He congratulated the people on their magnificent generosity. He expressed his of deep indebtedness to the Coadjutor Archbishop of Melbourne for the services he had rendered to them. He had attended at considerable sacrifice to himself, and they were extremely grateful for the presence of so distinguished a champion who had shown such zeal and interest in their Church in this new land. He (the Bishop) trusted that his splendid talents would long be devoted to the defence of the Church." (Warrnambul Standard, 02 July 1914)Colour photograph of a portrait of St Brigid in stained glass. The depiction of St Brigid is located at St Brigid's former Catholic Church, Crossley.st brigid, stained glass, st brigid's crossley

"LARGE GATHERINGNG AT - CROSSLEY DEDICATION AND OPENING SERVICES. SERMON BY DR. MANNIX. Yesterday was an important and historic day for the Roman Catholic community of Crossley and Koroit, in as much as it will be always associated in the memories of all con cerned with the opening of the new St. Brigid's Church, Crossley. This building is far above the average standard of sacred edifices in country towns, and is certainly superior to any ercted in this district outside the churches in the two larger centres - Warrnambool and Koroit. The style of architecture chosen is a free treatment of the Romanesque, which is something quite original in the Western District. This noble style, from which, with its near re lative the Byzantine, spring the great Gothic school of architecture, is characterised by a special charm of its own, one of its chief features being graceful and sweeping circular curves in roof, window heads and in the ar rangenent of the ground plan. The building is of brick finished off with true Romanesqiue pillared pinnacles in concrete and plaster, the brick and concrete producing a pleasing contrast. The main characteristic of the front is a large rose window filled with Romlanesque circular tracery, and below a bold porch and entrance. The two sides are pierced with long circular-headed windows between graceful buttresses and the wall line is pleasingly broken by the projecting bays of the confessionals and also by the vestries. The main building is 80 feet by 30 feet' and the Sanctuary is spacious and semi-circular in shape, and lighted by three windows. The interior of the church is most artistic. The ceiling is semi-circular and of fibrous plaster in ornate designs. All the windows are lead lighted, throwing a rich and mellow harmony of' color throughout the interior and the white wails, mouldings, architraves and other fibrous plaster decorations: are further relieved by the rich coloring: in the stations of.the Cross arrranged around the nave. The central window of the Sanctuary contains a splendidly executed stained glass representation of St. Brigid. At.the western end is a room gallery. The altar is a choice piece of Gothic woodwork, in light, soft coloring, and there are two altars on either side of the Sanctuary in oak, and above whlch are very fine colored figures of Christ; and the Madonna. On either side of the altar are life-size figures of angels holding high brass candalabra. The whole of the furnishings of the church are on a sumptuous scale, and the edifice reflects credit on all concerned. The church can seat nearly 500 people. The architect was Mr. A. A. Fritsch. of Melbourne, and the contractors Messrs F. and E. Deagne, of North Fitzroy. The contract price for the building was £5,500. THE OPENING SERVICE. After the cereimony of solemnly blesssing the church was performed by His Lordship the Bishop of the Diocese, Dr. Higgins, assisted by His Grace the Coadjutor Archbishop of Melbourne. Dr. Mannix, the great gatheiring from all parts of the district entered the church, which was soon completely filled. The members of the H.A.C.B.S. attended wearing their green and gold regalia, and acted as a 'guard of honor' to the Co-adjlutor Arclhbishop and Bishop. Mass was celebrated by the Rev. Father Phelan, of Koroit, and a feature of the solemn service was the singing of a choir which consisted of picked voices from St. Carthage's choir, with friends from Warrnam bool and assisted by some of the mem bers of the Koroit choir, with Miss Logan as organist and Mr. Arthur H. Renwick as conductor. They rendered the music in splendid style throghonut. The "Kyrie," "Gloria." "Agnus Dei' and Dona Nobis" were from Farmer's Mass in B flat, and the "Credo" and "Sanctus" from Webbe's Mass in G. The soloists in the Mass were Mrs. Ryan, the Misses McEntee. Miss Katie O'Brien. and Messrs. J. M. Crowley, W. J. Callaghan; B. McEntee and W. Mahony. The chorus sang with great precision, special attention being paid to at tack. At the offertory Mrs. Dan Ryan gave a beautiful rendering of Gounod's "Ava Maria." After the Elevation that fine duet "Tantum Ergo." by Rossi, was sung by Messrs. Crowley and Renwick in an artistic manner, their fine voices blending splendidly. During the collection, Mr. Renwick sang with much feeling that devotional solo, "Lead Thou Me On,", after which Mr Crowley gave .an ex cellent rendering of Weissi's "0 Salu taris Hostia;" and the choir sang several hymns." It might here be mentioned that at the request of Fa ther Kerin, the same choir will repeat the music.at the Koroit Church on Sunday next, on the occasion of the ceremnly of laying the foundation stone of the cormpletion of the church. Dr. Mannix preachled the sermon for the occasion, taking his text from St. Luke first 11 verses. He re viewed the Gospel story of Christ preaching to the multitude from a boat on Lake Gennesaret and the miraculous draught of fish. The obedi ence of the poor fishermen in casting their nets at Christ's bidding was richly rewarded, and the miraculous occurrence was a striking example of what was to happen when Christ established His Church and built it up on those twelve apostles. When they came to think of it, nothing so re markable and marvellous had happened before or since in the history of mankind. The world at that time was for the most part a Pagan world steeped in iniquity and sin. The chosen people of God had God's re velation, but they worshipped with their lips and not with their hearts. When Christ was to establish His Church upon earth and leave an or gantisation that would continue His work, did He select learned men, powerful men, rich men, or a time that would seem propituous? No. He selected twelve poor, igorant simple fishermen, without money, power, learning or anything calculated to enable them to do anything striking in the world's history. The success of the first morning after pentecost was not confined to those first days when the plentitude of the Holy Ghost sat upon the .Apostles, but it continued age after age until the whole world was brought within the sphere of ac tion of the Church. Greece, Rome Europe Asia and America, and now Australia had been brought into the net. This must be a consolation to them all as well as it was to him (the preacher), when they remembered that they came from a land which of all others had been faithful to the Gospel of Jesus Christ. It was a consolation to them that in that great work that had been accomplished in bringing men into the meshes of the Church, and bringing them to God the nation to which they belontged had taken so great a part. Their religion flourished in England, Scotland, America and Australia. Surely it was due to the sons of St. Patrick, the sons and daughters of Ireland to find consolation in these great facts might It might seem hard that so many had to leave their native-land for England, Scotland, America and Australia. But if hard it was the means of keeping the Catholic faith living in England and Scotland. If to-day the Irish Catholics and Catholics of Irish de scent were taken out of the English and Scotch population there would be little left of the true Church of God. It seemed hard to emigrate to distant lands, but the result had been the new magnificent church in the United States, the flourishing churches in Canada and South Africa. Those Irish emigrants were a cornparatively small band. Perhaps they had not the learning of other nations. Certainly they had not the wealth and it did not fall to their lot to have the power of the sword, but God was with them, and the faith they took from Ireland flourished in those distant lands. In this fair land of Australia they had a glorious herit age handed down from the pioneer Irish Catholics, who came to this fair Austral land. There was a time when those who were opposed to God and God's Church,thought that Australia should be a wholly Protestant land. They had lived to see whether God or His enemies were the stronger. They had lived to see that those who in distant days would have stamped out the Catholic religion in Australia, had not prevailed. Their names had been forgotten because of their persecution of the Catholic Church, and they had lived - to see the glorious success that now, in every part of the Common wealth, rested upon the Catholic Church in Australia. Might God bless that Church and those Irish people, and the people of Irish descent, who had built it up. In that locality, and there was no place in.the Common wealth where the Catholic Church was held in higher esteem, the people would always be faithful to God and His Church. That beautiful building, and all it signified in loyalty and faithfulness, was a credit and a consolation to the Bishop and people of the diocese, to the architect who had done his work so artistically and skil fully. to the priests and the zealous administration of the parish. There was surely hope and inspiration in that day's celebration, that as time went on the Catholic faith would sink deeper and deeper into ther coming generation, and that the Catholic progress of the past 50 years would be small in comparison to the great progress of the future. He congratulated the Bishop priests and people who had raised that temple. He congratulated the people of Crossley; upon their generosity and self-sacrifice, and he prayed that God's blessing and the blessing of St. Brigid would rest upon them; their children and children's children. And when those who had received the sacraments and had been instructed in that Church were called before the Judgment Seat he pray ed that not one would be missing, and St. Peter aind St. Brigid would be able to count them all into the en joyment .of Eternal bliss. THE CELEBRATION The Rev. Father Kerin, Adninistra tor of the Parish, after the collection, read a lengthy list of the principal donations, headed by the Bishop, Dr. Higgins, with £250. All the furnish ings of the Church were also donations, and the Coadjutor-Archbishop added £5 to the list. The Rev. Father Kerin stated that the total to hand was £1245/10/7, which was an other proof of the generosity of the Crossley and district people. The amount previously received in donations was £1077/3. They started buildiing with a credit balance of £262 10/5 and ther now had a debit balance of £2,728/18/5. The total cost of the Church was £6,250, so that they would see the greater part of the indebtedness had already been wiped out. The Bishop (Dr. Higgins) delivered a brief address, in the course of which he congratulated the priests and people upon the completion of their magnificent Church. He congratulated the people on their magnificent generosity. He expressed his of deep indebtedness to the Coadjutor Archbishop of Melbourne for the services he had rendered to them. He had attended at considerable sacrifice to himself, and they were extremely grateful for the presence of so distinguished a champion who had shown such zeal and interest in their Church in this new land. He (the Bishop) trusted that his splendid talents would long be devoted to the defence of the Church." (Warrnambul Standard, 02 July 1914)Digital panoramic image of the interior of St Brigid's Crossley.st brigid's crossley, st brigid's, catholic church, catholic, church, community, ceiling, stations of the cross, confessional, statues, windows

Page 4 of Ray Pearson's Photo Album. Brown card page with two metallic look postcards (landscape format) placed on page using clear plastic photo corners. Both postcard images depict trams in Ballarat. Both postcards have come loose of two of their photo corners (top and bottom on the left) and are not secure on the page.Printed text to back of postcard at top: BALLARAT TRAMS / 1887 to 1971 / A series of four postcards. / NO. 2 EARLY ELECTRIC TRAMS / Electric trams first ran in / Ballarat on 18th Aigust, 1905. / Twelve of the horse trams were / converted to electric cars by lengthening them at both ends. / Eight of the remaining horse / trams were used as trailers to / the motor cars. / The electric trams were / given a secret trial during the / previous night to the opening / date, but the drivers clanged / the gongs so much that it / brought people out of their / beds in night attire. They / formed an unofficial guard of / honour around Wendouree / Parade. / The trams were gaily decor- / ated for Opening Day. As the / line of cars came down Camp / Hill (Sturt Street) filled with / local dignitaries, the brakes on / the last car failed and it crashed / into the one in front. The win- / dows of both cars were / smashed, and the occupants / who had been sitting in state / made an undignified exit. / Seating accommodation was / from 32 to 36. Six small electric / trams were purchased from the / Sydney Tramways in 1905 and / were converted to a similar / pattern to the 12 re-built / Ballarat horse trams. In 1906 / two open summer cars with / open cross seats (popularly / called toast racks) / were intro- / duced. These trams were packed at week-ends with / families en route to picnic by / the lake. A fine printed vertical line runs down the centre of the blank writing space to the left of the body text. Above is written: POSTCARD Printed text to right of image on bottom postcard: BALLARAT TRAMS / 1887 to 1971 / A series of four postcards. / NO. 4 THE LAST DAYS OF THE TRAMS / Despite opposition from reg- / ular tram users, the decision / was taken in 1971 to replace / the trams with buses. A brief / statement issued in July by the / Transport Boar marked the / end of the eighty-four years / during which the trams were an / integral part of the life of / Ballarat: “The change-over to / buses will begin on 23rd / August when buses will replace / trams to the Gardens via / Drummond Street North and / Victoria Street services. The / change on the Gardens via / Sturt Street West and Mt. / Pleasant will take place on 6th / September, and on the Sebas- / topol-Lydiard Street North / routes on Monday, 20th Sep- / tember.” A fine printed vertical line runs down the centre of the blank writing space to the left of the body text. Above is written: POSTCARDpostcard, ballarat trams, ballarat tramways, vintage trams, tram postcard, electric trams

The Photo Album was created by Hans Beck, who interned with the donor's father (Wilhelm Eckels). The Photo Album depicts wool buying and sheep station related life between 1927-1939. Each photograph has been individually labelled.Straw coloured booklet with gold cursive writing on front cover spelling 'Photo Album'. Inside are 18 pages containing 63 photographs, each individually captioned. Internal pages show signs of age with discolouration, particularly in areas of previous adhesive application.Lettering, Front: Historic Interest Before WME arrived - 1930-1934 Wool & Sheep Photo Album Lettering, Internal by Page: Page 1 - Bottom Left Conner: Table from right:/ O. Hilbert sen. / WW. Richter, W. Ehrig/ Sampler: C. McCarthy/ at desk: E.S. Bottom Right Corner: 1927/ Wool Sample Room/ O. Hilbert/ Terranora Buildings/ Reiby Lane Page 2 - Bottom Middle: 1931/ Opening Sale/ Sydney Page 3 - Bottom Middle: 1934/ Opening Sale/ Sydney Page 4 - Bottom Middle: 1933/ Wool Auctions/ Brisbane Page 5 - Top Left Corner: 1930 Escapade/ Sydney to CAIRNS/ via Bourke, Central/ Queensland, Hinter-/ land & Atherton/ Table Lands Top Right Corner: Dubbo: Main Street/ (1st Night)/ 31.7.1930 Middle Right: 1st Night-"OUT"/ Stranded 11 miles/ from Bourke. (Red/ Dust in Carburettor Bottom Right Corner: Our "ERSKINE'/ hits Culvert &/ breaks both King-/pins. 1 1/2 miles from/ CUNNAMULLA SW-Q. Page 6 - Top Right Corner: "Rosevale Station"/ via Cunnamulla SWQ/ "Gidgi" country/ Gidgi Creak &/ Warrigo R. Middle Left: STAN HILL Page 7 - Middle Top: Blackhall/ Tattersall's Hotel/ Yarning at Cross-/roads. Middle Left: FO Wool Sales/ 22 Horse team Middle Right: Roadsign to:/ ISIS DOWNS &/ Homestead (Fart Page 8 - Middle Top: Muster: 3000 sheep/ Semi-circular/ Shearing shed/ ISIS DOWNS Page 9 - Middle Top: Shearer/ Water Tower/ Counting out/ pens Middle Bottom: Shearers Cook/ Hot Water & Soup/ Cake for Shearing/ Shed Charity Ball Page 10 - Middle Left: Isis Downs Home-/ stead with fire// flood Lookout./ Artesian Borewell Bottom Right: Manager: Moore/ & Alfred Loh-/ mann with kills/ Ducks & Emus Page 11 - Top Middle: PORTLAND DOWNS/ Muster: 10,000/ Sheep Bottom Left: Manager:/ Mr. Luck/ with A.L./Moore Page 12 - Middle Top: ROOKWOOD Station/ near/ HUGHENDEN/ Central NWQ Page 13 - Top Middle: 'HINTERLAND"/ Cattle country/ Spear Grass/ Tracks Bottom Middle: Crossings:/ Creeks: Quick/ Sand/ Rivers: rocky Page 14 - Middle Right: Lyndhurst stat/tion/ Head Stockman Middle Left: -Valley of la-/goons/ Station Bottom Right Corner: Master Atkinson/ saves/ Petrol shortage Page 15 - Top Middle: ATHERTON TABLELANDS/ LAKE BERRINE Middle Centre: Tropical Rainforest/ near/ Lake Berrine Page 16 - Top Middle: ATHERTON TABLELANDS/ Timber Country Bottom Middle Edge: CAIRNS/ Imperial Hotel Page 17 - Hans Beck with/ Betty Hilbert/ Lapstone Hill 1931 wool - transportation, wool sales, wool growing, wool growing agriculture farming, wool industry, wool sales - sydney, wool sales - brisbane, dubbo, 1930, bourke, cunnamulla, isis downs, shearing, shearing - lifestyle, portland downs, muster, hughenden, hinterland, lake berrine, cairns

Contains 184 images of postcards and photographs collected primarily by Vic Solomons of Sydney, with others from the collection of Wal Jack and Warren Doubleday. Covers almost all of Australia's tramway systems. 1 Post Card Hay St Perth Looking East No 3 Unknown Perth 2 Post Card Cars 30 & 90 both on Route 19 pass in Barrack St looking South Perth WA 1935.02.18 Perth 3 Post Card Hay St Looking East Perth WA Unknown Perth 4 Post Card William St Perth WA Unknown Perth 5 Post Card Perth from Shaftsbury Hotel Unknown Perth 6 Post Card Hay St Perth WA Looking East Unknown Perth 7 Post Card Barrack St Perth Unknown Perth 8 Post Card Murray Views No 3 High St Showing Town Hall Fremantle WA Unknown Fremantle 9 Post Card High St Fremantle WA Unknown Fremantle 10 Post Card View of Bolder City Golden Mile in the Background (Section No 1) 1908.08.20 Kalgoolie 11 Post Card Hannan St Kalgoolie 1900.08.19 Kalgoolie 12 Post Card Hannan St Kalgoolie WA (No 2) Unknown Kalgoolie 13 Post Card Intersection Hannan & Maritana Sts Kalgoolie WA Unknown Kalgoolie 14 Post Card Hannan St Kalgoolie Unknown Kalgoolie 15 Post Card Lane Street Bolder City Unknown Kalgoolie 16 Post Card Hobart Double Deck Tram Unknown Hobart 17 Post Card Macquarie St Hobart Unknown Hobart 18 Photo Liverpool Street Hobart Unknown Hobart 19 Photo Hobart 21 Unknown Hobart 20 Photo Hobart 14 in Elizabeth St Hobart Unknown Hobart 21 Post Card Macquarie St Hobart Unknown Hobart 22 Post Card Macquarie St Hobart Tas Unknown Hobart 23 Photo Double Decker Tram 3 at G.P.O. Hobart Tas No 31 Unknown Hobart 24 Post Card Double Decker Tram 19 Hobart Tas A B Series No 24 Unknown Hobart 25 Photo Hobart Municipal Tramways Tas No 95 Unknown Hobart 26 Post Card Elizabeth St Hobart Unknown Hobart 27 Post Card Elizabeth St Hobart Unknown Hobart 28 Post Card Elizabeth St Hobart Unknown Hobart 29 Post Card Elizabeth St Hobart Tas Unknown Hobart 30 Post Card HMT 21 with crew at Beach Road Terminus Unknown Hobart 31 Post Card HMT 9 & another with crew at Beach Road Terminus. Front cover photo of Destination GPO 1921.01.00 Hobart 32 Post Card Cascade Road and Mount Wellington Hobart Unknown Hobart 33 Post Card Elizabeth St Hobart Unknown Hobart 34 Post Card Elizabeth St Hobart Unknown Hobart 35 Post Card Elizabeth St Hobart 1915.04.07 Hobart 36 Post Card Macquarie St Hobart Tas Unknown Hobart 37 Post Card Macquarie St showing Post Office Hobart 1908.03.12 Hobart 38 Post Card Hobart Municipal Tramways 21 Unknown Hobart 39 Post Card Elizabeth St Hobart Tas Unknown Hobart 40 Post Card Liverpool Street Hobart Unknown Hobart 41 Post Card Electric Tram Launceston Tas 446 W J Little Photo 1919.02.08 Launbceston 42 Post Card Launceston Tram no 3 1911.08.30 Launbceston 43 Post Card Launceston Tram no 3 passes tram No 1 Unknown Launbceston 44 Post Card Tram 6 at Trevallyn a popular suburb Launceston Tasmania Unknown Launbceston 45 Post Card Tram 7 at Trevallyn Road Terminus Launceston Tasmania Unknown Launbceston 46 Post Card Tram 4 in Brisbane St Launceston Unknown Launbceston 47 Post Card Tram 9 in Brisbane St Launceston Tasmania Unknown Launbceston 48 Post Card Camerom Street Launceston Tasmania Unknown Launbceston 49 Post Card Murray Views No 15 Jetty Road Glenelg Terminus 1962-02-08 Adelaide 50 Post Card Bay Tram at Jetty Road Terminus Glenelg SA Unknown Adelaide 51 Post Card Tram 3 in King William Street Adelaide S Aust Unknown Adelaide 52 Post Card Valentine Series No 3065 The Old Horse Tram Victor Harbour Unknown Victor Harbour 53 Post Card Bourke Street Melbourne with Cable Car Looking East 1904.04.25 Melbourne 54 Post Card Opening of New Electric Tramway Elsternwick 1913-11-13 Melbourne 55 Post Card Cable trams in Clarendon St Sth Melb Unknown Melbourne 56 Post Card Pall Mall from Charing Cross Bendigo Unknown Bendigo 57 Post Card Tram 4 & 7 pass at The Fountain and Mitchell Street Bendigo Vic Rose Series P 3198 Unknown Bendigo 58 Post Card M&MTB 133 at Charing Cross bound for Eaglehawk Bendigo Vic Murray Views No 45 Unknown Bendigo 59 Post Card Pall Mall Bendigo Vic Unknown Bendigo 60 Post Card Charing Cross & Mitchell St Bendigo Trams passing 1919.00.00 Bendigo 61 Post Card Pall Mall Looking East Unknown Bendigo 62 Post Card Electric Trams and City Hotel Bendigo Vic Unknown Bendigo 63 Post Card Moorabool Street Geelong V 23 Unknown Geelong 64 Post Card Murray Views No 3 Moorabool Street Geelong Vic Unknown Geelong 65 Post Card The Rose Series P 2487 Ryrie Street Geelong Vic Unknown Geelong 66 Post Card Southern Cross Series 2696 Ryrie Stret Geelong Vic Unknown Geelong 67 Post Card The Rose Series P 1490 Ryrie Street Geelong Vic 1920-03-04 Geelong 68 Post Card Valentine Series No 1568 Lower Sturt Street Ballarat Unknown Ballarat 69 Post Card Rose Series P 1710 Sturt Street Ballarat Victoria Unknown Ballarat 70 Post Card Sturt Street Ballarat Victoria Unknown Ballarat 71 Post Card Horse Tram In Sturt Street Ballarat 1905.11.10 Ballarat 72 Post Card Sturt Street Ballarat Looking North-West Unknown Ballarat 73 Post Card Shoppes Square Sturt Street Ballarat Looking North Unknown Ballarat 74 Post Card Junction Sturt and Lydiard Streets Ballarat 1909-09-01 Ballarat 75 Post Card The Electric Supply Co Souvenir Tram Ticket No 3085of the opening of Electric System August 18 1905 1905.08.18 Ballarat 76 Post Card Sturt Street Ballarat Victoria 1907.11.25 Ballarat 77 Post Card Off to the Gardens Electric Tram Ballarat Unknown Ballarat 78 Post Card Sturt Street Ballarat 1907.04.16 Ballarat 79 Post Card Sturt Street Ballarat Looking East Electric tram with Double Deck Trailer 1911.04.17 Ballarat 80 Post Card Sturt Street Ballarat Looking East Unknown Ballarat 81 Post Card Sturt Street Ballarat Looking West 1911.03.01 Ballarat 82 Post Card Town Hall and Sturt Street Ballarat Unknown Ballarat 83 Post Card Lydiard Street Ballarat 1906.11.23 Ballarat 84 Post Card Looking North along Adelaide Street from George Street Brisbane Sidues Series No 764 Unknown Brisbane 85 Post Card Looking South along Queen Street from the Creek Street Intersection Brisbane Qld Sirues Series No 1379 Unknown Brisbane 86 Post Card George Street from near Supreme Court Brisbane Unknown Brisbane 87 Post Card Queen and Eagle Streets Brisbane 1907.07.04 Brisbane 88 Post Card Queen Street showing His Majesty’s Theatre Brisbane Unknown Brisbane 89 Post Card Queen Street Treasury Building 1908.01.20 Brisbane 90 Post Card G P O and Queen Street Brisbane Unknown Brisbane 91 Post Card Queen Street Brisbane Looking from Wharf Street Unknown Brisbane 92 Post Card Customs House Brisbane 1905.02.16 Brisbane 93 Post Card Queen St Brisbane 1905.09.16 Brisbane 94 Post Card Queen St Brisbane 1907.11.19 Brisbane 95 Post Card Treasury Buildings Brisbane Unknown Brisbane 96 Post Card Queen and Eagle Streets Brisbane Unknown Brisbane 97 Post Card The Valley Corner Brisbane Unknown Brisbane 98 Post Card Brisbane Queen Street opposite General Post Office Unknown Brisbane 99 Post Card North Quay and Milton Beach Brisbane Q Unknown Brisbane 100 Post Card Victoria Bridge Brisbane South Side 1907.08.14 Brisbane 101 Post Card Victoria Bridge Brisbane Unknown Brisbane 102 Post Card Breakfast Creek Bridge Brisbane Q Unknown Brisbane 103 Post Card Melbourne Street Station South Brisbane Queensland Unknown Brisbane 104 Post Card General Post Office Queen Street Brisbane 1955.09.23 Brisbane 105 Post Card Customs House Brisbane 1904.11.04 Brisbane 106 Post Card Queen St Brisbane 1919.11.00 Brisbane 107 Post Card Queen St Brisbane Sidues Series No 627 Unknown Brisbane 108 Post Card Creek Street Brisbane Queensland Unknown Brisbane 109 Post Card Customs House and Garden Reach Brisbane Queensland 1910.00.08 Brisbane 110 Post Card Queen and Creek Streets Brisbane 1909.06.07 Brisbane 111 Post Card Queensland National Bank andd Queen Street Brisbane Queensland Unknown Brisbane 112 Post Card Queen Street and Treasury Buildings Brisbane 0000.09.07 Brisbane 113 Post Card Queen Street showing “Courier” Buildings Brisbane Unknown Brisbane 114 Post Card Intersection George & Roma Streets Brisbane Q 1916.05.11 Brisbane 115 Post Card Adelaide Street Brisbane Q Unknown Brisbane 116 Post Card G P O Queen Street Brisbane Q Unknown Brisbane 117 Post Card Treasury Building Brisbane 1906.03-20 Brisbane 118 Post Card Queen and Eagle Streets Brisbane 1907.02.01 Brisbane 119 Post Card Queen St Brisbane Unknown Brisbane 120 Post Card Queen St Brisbane Q Unknown Brisbane 121 Post Card Victoria Bridge Brisbane 1906.07.30 Brisbane 122 Post Card An Unusual View showing Head of Queen Street Victoria Bridge & South SideSuburbs Brisbane Q Unknown Brisbane 123 Post Card Petries Bight Brisbane Q Unknown Brisbane 124 Post Card South End Victoria Bridge Brisbane Q Unknown Brisbane 125 Post Card Customs House Brisbane Unknown Brisbane 126 Post Card Photo of toastrack car circa 1910 Unknown Brisbane 127 Post Card Treasury Buildings Brisbane Unknown Brisbane 128 Post Card East Street Rockhampton with Steam Tram & trailer Unknown Rockhampton 129 Post Card Post Office Rockhampton with steam tram Unknown Rockhampton 130 Post Card East Street Rockhampton with Steam Trams Rose Series P 7154 Unknown Rockhampton 131 Post Card William Street Rockhampton Rose Series P 7156 Unknown Rockhampton 132 Post Card Central East Street Rockhampton Q with Steam Trams Unknown Rockhampton 133 Photo Sturt St Ballarat Unknown Ballarat 134 Photo Bridge Street Ballarat Unknown Ballarat 135 Post Card George St Sydney Unknown Sydney 136 Post Card Elizabeth St Sydney Unknown Sydney 137 Post Card Railway Square Unknown Sydney 138 Post Card Sydney Harbor Bridge - pending receipt 139 Post Card Kings Cross - Mowbray Series with description on rear from C Roy G Field Unknown Sydney 140 Post Card Kings Cross - Mowbray Series with description on rear from C Roy G Field Unknown Sydney 141 Post Card Central Railway Station Sydney - Rose Series P6033 1954-01-26 Sydney 142 Post card William Street Darlinghurst looking towards City - Rose Series P6602 unknown Sydney 143 Post Card Circular Quay Sydney - Rose Series P6680 Unknown Sydney 144 Post Card View at Manly NSW - Rose Series B1003 Unknown Sydney 145 Post Card Hunter St Newcastle NSW - Rose Series P7843 Unknown Newcastle 146 Post Card Bank Corner Newcastle NSW - Mowbray Series No. 155 Unknown Newcastle 147 Post Card Hunter St Newcastle NSW Unknown Newcastle 148 Post Card Criterion Hotel Hunter St Newcastle NSW Unknown Newcastle 149 Photo Horse tram at Newtown Station 1894 to 1898 - PTC photo c1894 Newtown 150 Photo Steam tram motor No 3 at Railway Square 1879 1879 Sydney 151 Photo Railway steam tram c1900 with a horse drawn double deck bus c1900 Sydney 152 Photo Steam motor 5A and doubled deck bus Unknown Sydney 153 Photo Steam motor 53A with detail notes on rear 1922 Sydney 154 Photo Cable tram set at Milsons Point ferry terminal c1900 Sydney 155 Photo Early Sydney electric car - Ocean St - Rose Bay Unknown Sydney 156 Photo George St looking souoth c1905 c1905 Sydney 157 Photo Tram 165 at Circular Quay Unknown Sydney 158 Photo Tramcar ferry or transporter at The Spit Unknown Sydney 159 Photo tram 882 George St at Marti Place, 1937 1937 Sydney 160 Photo Tram 826 Railway Sq area Unknown Sydney 161 Photo Railway Sq in background, Broadway with double decker bus and toastrack car late 1930s Sydney 162 Photo Coupled St Pitt St? - photo Ben Parle Feb. 1950 Sydney 163 Photo Electric tram No. 2 - North Sydney with side trolley pole running Unknown Sydney 164 Photo George St - Horden's Corner Unknown Sydney 165 Photo George St at Martin Place c1920 Sydney 166 Photo Castlereagh St Sydney c1928 c1928 Sydney 167 Photo Railway Sqare c1920 c1920 Sydney 168 Photo Darling St Countereweight Unknown Sydney 169 Photo Trolley bus depot Unknown Sydney 170 Photo Trolley bus No. 14 Unknown Sydney 171 Photo Newcastle Railway Station with steam tram - Wharf Road?? Unknown Newcastle 172 Photo High St West Maitland - steam tram Unknown Maitland 173 Photo High St West Maitland - steam tram Unknown Maitland 174 Post Card Argent St near tram terminal Broken Hill NSW c1900 Broken Hill 175 postcard Argent St looking south Broken Hill - with Ken Magor's notes on rear Unknown Broken Hill 176 Photo Toronto - steam tram 61A Unknown Toronto 177 Photo 124A trial run 1911? Sutherland - Cronulla line 1911 Sutherland 178 Photo 103A at a tram stop Unknown Sydney 179 Photo Cable tram set at Crows Nest terminus grip car 12, trailer 22 Unknown Sydney 180 Photo Cable tram Queens Square Sydney 1903 Sydney 181 Photo cars 2078 and 2077 Chatswood late 1950s Sydney 182 Photo car 1877 Balmain area late 1950s Sydney 183 Photo Trolley bus - Rockdale destination Late 1950s Sydney 184 Photo Broken Hill steam tram - motor 18A North Tram Unknown Broken Hill 185 Photo Millars Point Sydney NSW - ferry/tram interchange, unknown Sydney All items imaged including the rear or back where there was writing of information. All files stored on the Museum's Photo Collections directory. Demonstrates through the medium of many images, Australian tramway systems and Ballarat's place in them.Album - heavy card covers, plastic lined with postcard or 6x4 photo sleeves.australia, tramways, postcards, photographs, steam trams, horse trams, cable trams, trolley buses

Poster - featuring a photo of a cable tram in Elizabeth St at Pelham St, 12 small cable tram tickets and four bell punch tickets, along with a leather button ticket pin holder and four safety pins. Items placed on a large sheet of cardboard with a green overlay. The photo, pin holder and four small tickets and the bell punch strip tickets glued onto a off white sheet with brass folded pins securing the items to the green card. The rest of the tickets glued to the green card. Underneath is a small sign with the words in blue and red colours "Cable Tram Conductor's Ticket Pins". Photo - grip car - well loaded showing destination of Brunswick and a sign on the side "Direct to Football". Behind the Gripman is a conductor. Bogie cable trailer 480. In the background is the building on the corner of Elizabeth St and Pelham St (still there in 2018) and in the background is Evan Evans the flag makers building. 192H x 248W - has silver fish damage along top edge, lifting in the top left hand corner from the backing sheet and minor edge damage. Dirt marks Small Tickets from Top left hand to Bottom right hand. Tickets 1, 4 to 8 - torn from a strip - pre-purchased? Tickets 9 to 12, torn from a block. Each Ticket has been separately imaged. T1 - 1 1/2d City Tram ticket - Trip Slip -MTO-Co - pink card with purple ink - faded, punched - 27H x 59W T2 - Transfer, MMTB, from Carlton and Prahran lines to other lines as indicated by punch marks with times by the quarter hour - green print on off white card - 31H x 71W - faded. T3 - as above - but not so faded, part town in bottom left hand corner. T4 - 1 1/2d - cable tram section ticket - MMTB - brown print on yellow card - not punched - 24H x 58W T5 - as for 1 - but MMTB - green print on yellow card - heavily creased - 26H x 57W T6 - similar to 5, smaller dimensions and not heavily creased. T7 - 1 1/2d general ticket - detailing lines or section - red ink on pink card - 26H x 56W T8 - 2d - MTCo - Adult or two children under 12, single, black ink on blue card - 24H x 58W T9 - Prahran and Toorak cable tramways check ticket - transfer - conditions on ticket - has 114 in top right hand corner, orange paper, black ink, MMTB - 36H x 67W. T10 - Carlton and Prahran - as for 9, with 17 in top right hand corner, grey paper with black printing - 38H x 65W. T11 - Carlton, N. Carlton, Prahran, St Kilda - as above - 105, brown paper, black ink - 38H x 65W T12 - as for 9, but with 74 in top right hand corner - 35H x 71W Strip tickets - left to right S1 - 1 1/2D, bell punch type - 15 fares - purple card black printing - Up ticket - 182H x 39W S2 - ditto - down direction, no conductor details - 182H x 37W S3 - ditto - 3d, Up direction, orange card, black print - 182H x 39W - has some dirt marks S4 - ditto - 3d down direction - 138H x 38W - has some dirt marks. Leather buckle - cut leather with a strip to secure the pins - button hole on the base with four safety pins placed into it. Pins have rust marks and general deterioration. Leather - 90H x 45W, pins - 3 about 90H x 25W and one 55H x 16W. See Reg Item 1923 for the use of the pins and leather buckle.trams, tramways, cable trams, brunswick, elizabeth st, football, tickets, conductors, mmtb, mto co, transfer tickets, tram 480, trip slips

Photo - see pdf file for further information. Number Brief Description CC1 S178 at Elsternwick level crossing track works CC2 Building East Preston Depot 1955 CC3 Camberwell depot – post WW2 – lots of trams and a black cat CC4 W2 584 and SW6 958 northbound – Chapel St and Brighton Road CC5 W2 357 – southbound, Chapel St Brighton Road CC6 Pascoe Vale Road, Raceday working – note the signal CC7 The Preston Workshops - The Argus, post WW2, 223, 647 et al CC8 923 or is it 922 being built at Preston – The Argus photo - CC8A 832 being positioned onto trucks at Preston after an overhaul – Argus Photo – see also CC306 CC9 Footscray depot` CC10 W5 797 in St Kilda Road during track works – 1950s CC11 W2 457 at Kew Post Office CC12 Wellington Parade – W2 432, 492 and 337 – special event CC13 Swan St line up of trams – football? Or other special event – Sinclair’s bus on the right side. CC14 W2 630 being washed at a depot – The Argus photo CC15 Royal Park line at Flemington Road – W2 355 and W5 786 CC16 Nicholson St track construction from a tram cab CC17 T181 on tour at Gordon St CC18 T181 on Maribyrnong Bridge CC19 Ditto at River St just off bridge CC20 As for CC18 CC21 At Raleigh Rd CC22 T181 at Footscray depot CC23 Track construction, Nicholson, just north of Gertrude CC24 Commissioning overhead Bourke St tram 988 CC25 Queens Parade – 997 and 994 CC26 Swapping trolley wheel to skid – commissioning CC27 Track construction in Gertrude St CC28 985 in Queens Parade running special CC29 997 in Queens Parade CC30 1033 at North Fitzroy – AETA Special CC31 Bourke St at Elizabeth St – has passengers on board CC32 W6 985, 996 Queens Parade, Mk 3 bus 333 CC33 As above CC34 Showing construction at Nicholson & Gertrude – Bourke St CC35 W2 223 on Burnley temporary bridge – VR track expansion CC36 W5 823 – ditto CC37 Tram on old bridge prior to removal CC38 W2 433 on temporary bridge with new bridge beams and old track CC39 Looking down showing temporary single track – Swan St CC40 Tait train passing under tram bridge CC41 SW6 on single line – off loading CC42 W2 547 at City Road Junction CC43 City Road Jtn – 1969 – 596 and 771 CC44 City Road Jtn – 1969 – 596 and 771 (same as CC45 438 in Flinders St CC46 355 somewhere CC47 552 somewhere CC47A 364 at Preston Workshops? CC48 W2 334 on Traverser – Preston Workshops CC49 Wellington pade – large line up of trams, c1950 925, and 611 CC50 W2 493 Franklin st – advertising for Savings Certificates CC51 Possibly 551 with advertising for fund raising for Blind institute CC52 249 at Hawthorn – Riversdale Junction – with a Tally Ho and Village Fair Aux. board CC53 MMTB Postcard of 511 CC54 Wattle Park terminus with Single line warning sign CC55 Wattle Park Duplication CC56 36 at Domain Junction – 833 CC57 36 at Domain Junction CC58 36 at Domain Junction with 810 and 833 CC59 36 in Swanston by Flinders St Station CC60 36 in Spencer St at A’Beckett CC61 36 crossing Collins St CC62 36 crossing Collins St CC63 36 northbound in St Kilda Road with Shrine in background CC64 36 northbound in Swanston St at Flinders St CC65 Postcard – Ballarat 36 in Domain Road CC66 Postcard - Stampshow – Hawthorn Horse tram CC67 Postcard - Stampshow – Peace cable tram CC68 Postcard - 1041 and cable car set 1 at Preston CC69 Postcard - Colins & Elizabeth – greetings from old Melbourne CC70 Postcard - Cable car set at Preston CC71 Postcard - Twentyman’s cable cars CC72 Postcard - Nu-color-vue – horse tram 256 CC73 Cable car set – Market & Flinders CC74 Cable trams at Twentymans’ in their shed CC75 Cable tram track at Bourke & Spencer prior to removal CC76 Cable tram bogie at Preston Workshops – used as a dolly CC77 Cable trams at Twentymans’ CC78 Postcard - Valentines – Bourke looking west from Swanston CC79 Postcard - Rose 3938 – Bourke at Swanston – the Leviathan building CC80 Postcard - Valentines – Elizabeth St looking south from Collins – No. 19 CC81 Postcard - Rose P4765 – Bourke St Melbourne CC82 Postcard - Rose 4090 – cable tram passing Parliament house CC83 Postcard - Valentines – GPO Elizabeth St CC84 Interior of cable trailer with clothing on a set CC85 Elizabeth St looking north CC86 Cigarette card - Collins St No. 41- WD HO Wills CC87 Postcard - Rialto building with cable set CC88 Postcard - Valentines - Swanston at Flinders looking north CC89 CC90 Q 150 Hanna St – dated on rear CC91 176 turning – photo ex Alan Jungworth CC92 161 on Princes Bridge – minimum fare 4d sign and Inspector CC93 459 at Point Ormond CC94 158 at Gordon St – side on view CC95 X 217 in Swanston St CC96 X 217 in Swanston St with an East Brighton destination CC97 T177 CC98 T177 Peel St – no destination roll – being transferred? CC99 X1 462 in Glenhuntly Road to Point Ormond CC100 X1 462 in Glenhuntly Road to Elsternwick Rly Station CC101 X1 462 in Glenhuntly Road to Point Ormond CC102 Q 150 Hanna St CC103 190 at Camberwell Depot CC104 T182 at Footscray CC105 X1 466 and W2 at Footscray CC106 190 at Camberwell Depot CC107 X1 467 Barkly St Footscray CC108 X2 679 turning into William St from La Trobe St CC109 X2 677 Glenhuntly Road with Point Ormond Destination CC110 Postcard T180 CC111 Postcard format – X1 467 on a truck – see also CC178 CC112 Postcard format – X1 467 at Wantirna South CC113 Q200 and SW6 896 at Thornbury – has labels on rear CC114 T177, Ballarat Road – has labels on rear CC115 T178 at Point Ormond CC116 Postcard X1 465 and 466 CC117 Postcard – X2 676 CC118 Postcard – TMSV X2 217 CC119 810 on temporary bridging – 24-12-67 CC120 W2 575 – Queens Parade junction in, still temporary bridging, substation under construction CC121 Forming Queens Parade Junction base slab CC122 W2 596 prior to tramway works – all tracks still in position CC123 It’s a mass of reinforcing – bridging being formed CC124 Looking north with substation being built CC125 Looking east with some rather tight curves, Wellington St still in use CC126 SW6 958 ex Wellington St with all tracks and signal box and buildings. CC127 Victoria Pde at Gisborne looking east – at least 4 cars CC128 SW6 893? With dash canopy lights and SW6 862 and a man with a newspaper CC129 SW6 894 on the S curves, with tram in Wellington St CC130 Similar photo CC131 W2 564 turning into Wellington St – the concrete tracks are not that old CC132 W2 552 running out of Wellington St CC133 W5 732 from Fitzroy St into St Kilda Road with next iteration in position – very wonky CC134 W5 764 turning into Fitzroy St CC135 SW6 947 turning from Wellington St CC136 W2 586 running out of High St CC137 W2 500 turning into Wellington St CC138 W2 543 in Wellington St inbound CC139 L103 with St Kilda Junction destination, and a tower truck on right CC140 Workmen – new track in Queensway in use CC141 Ditto CC142 L103 in Queensway, and another car in bound CC143 Looking east along Wellington St which has been taken out of use. Also a MMTB Roller CC144 W5 824 and a W2 and all types of wobbly temporary track CC145 W2 354 to High St CC146 Sw6 947 on the S bends CC147 W2 500 looking north – tram on the S bends CC148 SW6 896 leaving the S bend CC149 W2 357 and a MMTB City bus with trees/gardens on the side CC150 W5 817 Elliot Ave – see also CC302 CC151 W2 552 – note the large trolley bridge CC152 W2 550 at depot or workshops CC153 1B truck CC154 SW2 432 CC155 W2 155 at Glenhuntly CC156 SW6 937 on AETA tour? CC157 X2 677 on Footscray service – Ballarat Rd? CC158 W2 641 – High St Kew? CC159 SW6 847 – Power St Hawthorn CC160 Simpson St – big line up CC161 W2 546 truck No. 1? CC162 W2s at Glenhuntly depot CC163 No. 15 truck under 899 CC164 206 and other junk at Preston Workshops CC165 W in Swanston St Melbourne – Rose series card CC166 Y1 613 Batman Ave?? or William St at Collins CC167 Tram plans CC168 X 217 Swanston St – see also 95 and 96 CC169 217 in Swanston St – same as 95 CC169A 192 in St Kilda Road at Princes bridge CC170 192 in St Kilda Road at Princes bridge CC171 Bendigo 3 arriving Malvern depot – being unloaded CC172 Ditto CC173 T180 at a depot CC174 X1 463 wheel set CC175 C30 – dog car side view – close up CC176 C30 dog car CC177 206 and 30 at Preston Workshops CC178 X1 467 on a truck – see CC111 also CC179 42 CC180 42 at a depot, no destination box CC181 W2 556 1A type truck CC182 Flinders St Station – Rose Series CC183 W7 1035 Spring – Nicholson St CC184 W7 1022 MMTB Post Card CC185 Adelaide 178 – has on rear – R. Lilburn 4/82 CC186 Adelaide 175 – has on rear – R. Lilburn 4/82 CC187 Y1 610 on AETA tour CC188 Y1 610 on AETA tour with large group – Point Ormond CC189 AETA display – has GH55-32 in pencil on rear CC190 AETA display – has GH55-29 in pencil on rear CC191 Y1 610 on AETA tour with large group – Point Ormond CC192 VR 53 at Footscray CC193 VR cars 40 and 34 at Elwood wash dock CC194 W7 1024 as the 1970 Christmas tram CC195 Geelong – loading a set of 22E trucks CC196 Geelong 10 and 23 running an AETA special CC197 Geelong – AETA special CC198 Geelong 7 at Junction CC199 Geelong 10, in the city CC200 Geelong 33 with Belmont destination CC201 Geelong 15 Eastern Park destination 29-3-1948 CC202 Geelong 23 at Railway Station – 29-3-1948 CC203 Geelong 23 at Railway Station – 29-3-1948 CC204 Geelong – loading a bogie tram CC205 Geelong – loading a bogie tram CC206 Geelong 40 – loaded on truck CC207 Geelong 40 – on jacks CC208 Geelong 40 on jacks – 19 behind CC209 Geelong 38 with two workers on either side CC210 – 214 Australian Historic Tramways stamp folder and set CC215 Bendigo 17 at depot – has dup JBS on rear CC216 Bendigo 20, 29 bogie and straight sill car at Charing Cross CC217 Bendigo one man bogie Pall Mall CC218 Bendigo – Bogie 23, other cars and welding truck at depot CC219 Bendigo 7 with Quarry Hill destination CC220 Bendigo 21 with Lake Weerona destination CC221 ESCo 18 Ballarat CC222 Ballarat bogie 22 on AETA special CC223 Ditto CC224 Ballarat 34 at Stones Corner – R Lilburn CC225 Ballarat 15 in Bridge St – R Lilburn CC226 Ballarat 40 at Gardens – R Lilburn CC227 Ballarat 37 running out of depot – R Lilburn CC228 Postcard – Valentines – Sturt St with loaded horse tram trailer CC229 AETA Geelong tram tour ticket – 29-3-1948 CC230 Postcard – Geelong – Valentine 2114 – T&G building CC231 Postcard – PMTT ! – High St Malvern CC232 Postcard – Empire – Glenferrie Road, Malvern at Wattletree Rd CC233 Postcard Y469, MMTB CC234 Postcard Z2 Spring St CC235 Postcard – Z1 MMTB CC236 Postcard – Stamp Show W1 431 CC237 Postcard – Stamp show B2005 CC238 Postcard – Stamp show W6 982 CC239 Postcard – Valentines 1264 – Johnstone Park with tram in distance CC240 Postcard – Rose 10711 – Swanston and Lonsdale – Hospital and W232 CC241 Postcard – Rose 4827 – Fitzroy St St Kilda W2 362 and 548 CC242 Postcard – Valentines – 939 – St Kilda War Memorial, W and a R? CC243 Postcard – Valentines – 572 – St Kilda War Memorial, W 413 and 140? CC244 Postcard – Valentines – 938 – Uper and Lower Esplanade – L 104 CC245 Postcard – St Kilda Rd at Princes Bridge Y1 and W CC246 Postcard – Biscay BG82 – W5 814 - CC247 Postcard – Biscay 796112 – Bourke St looking west CC248 Postcard – Biscay 796109 – Bourke St looking east CC249 Postcard – Biscay 2AUS58 – Z5 Bourke St CC250 Postcard – Biscay BG 249 – Swanston St CC251 Postcard – National View – St Kilda Rd – shrine and Prince Henrys W2 405 CC252 Postcard – Nu color vue – 11 ML 156 – St Kilda Rd CC253 Postcard – Nu color vue – 11 ML 153 – Swanston St CC254 Postcard – Nu Color vue – Collins St 442 CC255 Postcard – Pitt card – Adelaide – H 364 at Victoria St CC256 Postcard – SPER L/P 154 CC257 Postcard – BTMS – 550 CC258 Postcard – SPER – Brisbane 295 CC259 Adelaide 131 at Burnside – has R Lilburn on card, c1911 CC260 Adelaide 194 CC261 Adelaide 235, with two crew, The News photo CC262 Rockhampton, outside post office – has source of photo details CC263 Sydney – 2086 and 2062 arriving Circular Quay CC264 Sydney – P class – Pitt St? CC265 Sydney – 1610 at Circular Quay CC266 Brisbane 99 and 468 CC267 Sydney with bridge behind CC268 Steam tram Paramatta Park – 103 CC269 Sydney – Museum Station =- Elizabeth St CC270 Sydney – weed burner 137S at a loop Demonstrates the work of Charles Craig in photography and collection of prints.Assembled album in a black presentation folder of 270 photographs from the Charles Craig Collection - 86 sleeves - part 1 of 2. All photographs have been scanned and placed on the Museum's G drive. A list of all photographs with details where possible has been compiled. Victorian Provincial, Launceston, Hobart and Sydney tram photos have been transferred to other Museums, image files retained.melbourne, tramways, tramcars, trams, charles craig, st kilda junction, trackworks

These items were made as samplers either at school or most likely college. They are samples of embroidery stitches, seam types and sewing and knitting techniques.Nos 1-16 are group of samplers made from cotton lawn, cotton with sateen weave and flannel and made by Ruth McGannon. No 17 is a pair of gloves made by Margaret Russell. .1) A small square of yellow lawn with three horizontal rows in blue thread and three vertical rows in red thread of running stitch each 3.5 centimeters apart. The edges are frayed to 1.2 centimeters. .2) A larger rectangle of yellow lawn with three horizontal rows 7.8 centimeters apart and three vertical rows 10 centimeters apart of long stitch, stitched in blue thread. The edges are frayed to 2 centimeters. .3) A small square of yellow lawn with three horizontal rows and three vertical rows of blue thread of running stitch, each 1.9 centimeters apart. The edges are frayed to 1.5 centimeters. .4) A larger rectangle of yellow lawn with three horizontal rows 9 centimeters apart and three vertical rows 11.2 centimeters apart of running stitch, stitched in red thread. The edges are hemmed with two rows of long stitch .5 centimeter apart with a loose blue thread of laced running stitch weaving in and out of the red long stitch. .5) A rectangle of hemmed yellow lawn with a pocket formed at each end. Two rows of long stitch in red thread hem the edges with a blue thread stitched between each red stitch. The pockets are formed by turning back the edges and stitching them down in brown thread. R.M. is embroidered in brown chain stitch on the right side. .6) A rectangle of hemmed blue lawn the same as the previous piece but with five rows of back stitch in yellow and orange thread creating a pattern. .7) A rectangle of blue lawn with the top and bottom edges hemmed with two rows of long stitch close together in yellow and orange. The other two edge are frayed to 2.5 centimeters and has four rows of long stitch .7 centimeter apart in yellow and orange thread. .8) A blue lawn bag with two packets was made by hemming a rectangle of fabric on three sides in long stitch with orange thread, then yellow thread between the stitches. The fourth side is hemmed in hemming stitch in yellow thread with blanket stitch in yellow thread along the edge. This edge is folded up by one third to create a pocket. The edges on either side are stitched together. A row of chain stitch in orange thread is stitched down the middle to create two pockets. A tape is stitched to either side at the top and this is folded over the pocket. .9) A cream cotton with sateen weave rectangle is hemmed with a double row of orange thread in long stitch. On both sides is embroidery in orange and yellow thread. .10) A yellow cotton with sateen weave baby's bib is made from a rectangle of fabric with a semi circle cut out of the top. The edges are turned and hemmed with a narrower turning on the neck. A tape is stitched at either side of the neck. On the front is embroidered a train in blue and yellow threads. .11) A yellow lawn embroidery sampler using blue and brown thread shows long stitch, stem stitch, herringbone stitch, chain stitch, fly stitch, lazy daisy stitch, cross stitch and satin stitch. It is hemmed using drawn thread work and the bottom is scalloped and finished in blanket stitch. .12) A pink lawn embroidery sampler with green thread shows herringbone stitch, stem stitch, running stitch, chain stitch, cross stitch, lazy daisy stitch, fly stitch, feather stitch, satin stitch and back stitch. The bottom is scalloped and finished in buttonhole stitched. The other three edges are hemmed using drawn thread work. .13) A small cream flannel square with two smaller squares are stitched together down the middle in decreasing sizes using chain stitch. The largest piece is hemmed using both herringbone and a decorative blanket stitch. It also has a run and fell seam on the opposite side using both running and herringbone stitches. A row of feather stitch is on either side of the seam. The two smaller squares are frayed on the edges. .14) A cream rectangular flannel sampler has two seams along the length. One is a run and fell seam using running and herringbone stitches and the other is an open seam using running stitch and both edges are stitched down with herringbone stitch. The two shorter edges are bound and the longer edges have a tape which is stitched down to neaten the edges. On the right side are two rows of feather stitch. .15) This blue lawn apron has a rectangular gathered skirt which is attached to a waistband and in turn attached to a bib front which goes over the head. The bib and skirt sides are hemmed using decorative blanket stitch in pink and dark blue thread. The skirt hem and both sides of the waistband are stitched in two rows of herringbone in pink and dark blue thread. .16) This pale pink lawn child's shirt has french seam side seams, a waist band to which the shirt is attached using slight gathering. The sleeves have cuffs. There is a front facing and a collar and there is a small pocket in the left hand breast. .17) These yellow knitted gloves are made using plain stitch for the hand and rib for the wrist.Written on paper and stitched on to a couple of items - Ruth McGannon V.3 - 312 Written on paper and stitched to the gloves - Margaret Russell x No2embroidery, sampler, gloves, stitches, sewing, knitting, apron, costume, needlework, dressmaking, textiles

These images capture for all time Light Horsemen travelling through Geelong on their way to camp at Torquay for the last Group meeting in Australia . information following - details obtained from .........https://torquayhistory.com/light-horse-brigade/ On Australia Day, 1997, Sir John Young unveiled this plaque on Point Danger, Torquay. Torquay history, Light Horse Training Camp, WW2 Plaque at Pt. Danger Note----- (See images to view plaque) The plaque identifies a significant event in Torquay’s history and the sentiments of ‘change’ for the Light Horse Brigade – from horses to machines. In 1940 the four Light Horse Regiments (4th, 8th, 13th and 20th), some 5000 Light Horse and 2000 horses camped and trained at Torquay. Three other regiments, formerly mounted on horses, were also at Torquay ‘mounted’ on privately owned trucks and cars. Division troops included Artillery, Engineers, Signals, Field Ambulance and other branches of the Army necessary to enable a Division to function. It wasn’t just the sheer numbers of men coming to this little town that made the event significant, it was also the fact that the men of the Light Horse were dramatic, almost glamorous figures and it is easy to see their exploits as some splendid adventure. Horses have played a special role in the story of Australia. They were the only means of transport across this huge country, so it was necessary for everyone to have the ability to ride a horse. When war broke out in 1899 between Britain and the Boers of South Africa (“Boer” was Dutch for “farmer”) Australia sent troops to fight. At first Britain was wary of using untried, unprofessional colonial cavalrymen but soon saw that the slouch-hatted Australian “bushmen” were a match for the fast-moving and unconventional mounted commandos of the Boers. The Australians proved themselves to be expert rough-riding horsemen and good shots. Bush life had hardened them to go for long periods with little food and water. They also showed remarkable ability to find their way in a strange country and use its features for cover, in both attack and defence. By 1914, when Australia joined the war against Germany, there were 23 Light Horse regiments of militia volunteers. Many men from these units joined the Light Horse regiments of the Australian Imperial Force (AIF). Men were given remounts (if not using their own horses) – army horses bought by Commonwealth purchasing officers from graziers and breeders. These were called “walers” because they were a New South Wales stockhorse type – strong, great-hearted animals with the strains of the thoroughbred and semi-draught to give them speed, strength and stamina. On 1st November, 1914, Australia’s First Infantry Division and the first four Light Horse regiments sailed for England in a fleet of transport ships. The first of the Light Horse arrived at Gallipoli in May without their horses. Back with their horses after Gallipoli, they were formidable combatants across the Sinai and Palestine. Some British commanders observed that the light horseman moved with a “lazy, slouching gait, like that of a sleepy tiger” but described how the promise of battle “changes that careless gait, into a live athletic swing that takes him over the ground much quicker than other troops”. They had Light Horse, Torquay, training campdeveloped a reputation as formidable infantrymen. The Turks called them “the White Ghurkas” – a reference to their deadly skill with the bayonet. The Arabs called them “The Kings of the Feathers”. The plume had originally been a battle honour of the Queensland Mounted Infantry for their work in the shearer’s strike of 1891. During WW1 it was adopted by almost all the Light Horse Regiments. It was the proud badge of the light horseman. The most famous of their battles was the attack on Beersheba- the charge of the 4th Light Horse Brigade. Mounted infantrymen and their superb walers had carried out one of the most successful cavalry charges in history – against what seemed impossible odds. They surprised the Turks by charging cavalry-style, when they would normally have ridden close to an objective then dismounted to fight. The fall of Beersheba swung the battle tide against the Turks in Palestine; and changed the history of the Middle East. While 19 men from the Surf Coast Shire served with the 4th Light Horse over the course of WW1, only four were involved in the charge of Beersheba- John GAYLARD, Philip QUINN.(Winchelsea); Wallace FINDLAY (Anglesea); Harry TRIGG (Bambra). After the war, Light Horse units played a key role in the Australian Government’s compulsory military training programme. The Citizen Military Forces (C.M.F.) thrived on the glamour of the wartime Light Horse tradition, ignoring the possibility that motor vehicles would soon replace the horses. When training was no longer compulsory, the C.M.F. regiments declined and horses became more of a luxury during the 1930s depression years of poverty and unemployment. Some regiments were motorised. Then, in 1939, Australia joined Britain in another world war. Training was increased for the militia at both home bases and regional training camps. The camp at Torquay in 1940, commanded by Major General Rankin, was at Divisional strength. By the end of the camp some felt that the Division was ready for active service. Gradually, over the next four years, the Australian Light Horse units were mounted on wheels and tracks and the horses were retired. Six men enlisted at the Torquay camp and another 57 men and women enlisted at Torquay for service in WW2. Those who served in the Militia provided valuable Officers and NCOs and men for the armed services during the war. Each infantry division of the 2nd AIF had a Light Horse regiment attached to it. But the day of the Australian mounted soldier hadn’t quite passed. During World War II, Australia’s 6th Cavalry Regiment formed a mounted unit they called “The Kelly Gang” which did valuable scouting work. In New Guinea, a mounted Light Horse Troop did patrol duty and helped carry supplies. Some fully equipped walers were flown into Borneo for reconnaissance in rugged mountain country. But by the end of the war, in 1945, the horse had disappeared from the Australian Army. References: Australian Light Horse Association www.lighthorse.org.au National Australia Archives Australian War Memorial Surf Coast Shire WW1 memorials www.togethertheyserved.com The Light horse- a Cavalry under Canvas Light Horse, Training Camp, Torquay, WW2 Late in 1939 it was decided to set up a Lighthorse training camp in Torquay to train both men and horses for the battles of the Second World War. Horses, men and equipment came on special trains from all over Victoria and NSW, and as you would expect horseman came from areas such as Omeo and Sale, the Wimmera and the Western District. They arrived at the Geelong racecourse for watering in the Barwon River and then were ridden across the ford at the breakwater and began their 11 mile trek to Torquay. Light Horse, Training Camp, Torquay, WW2 Tent city By the end of January 1940 the camp at Torquay accommodated some 5000 men and 2500 horses of the Second Cavalry Division. The rows of horses, tents and huts near Blackgate Road were quite a sight. While the cavalrymen engaged in exercises on the land and on the beaches, many of the troops took over the Torquay School for special training of men and officers. Mr Bob Pettit local farmer and Councillor for the Barrabool Shire, wrote about the Light horse in the Surf Coast Community News in 1985 saying “They used to travel about the district riding four abreast in one long convoy. To my annoyance they went through my property and shut all the gates behind them. I had certain gates open to let stock in to the water holes and it would take me three -quarters of an hour to follow the horsemen up and put all the gates right again” he continued “the men from the Light Horse were here when the fire went through in March 1940. He recalled an incident when early one morning, as some one blew the bugle, a soldier putting a white sheet on the line frightened the horses. They panicked and ran off in all directions. Six went over the cliff near Bird Rock, five were never found, and the rest were gathered up after nearly a fortnight in the bush around Addiscott and Anglesea" Light Horse, Training Camp, Torquay, WW2, Geelong Parade Geelong parade The training camp culminated in a parade through the streets of Geelong on March 12th 1940. The salute was given at the Town Hall and the troops continued on a route to the You Yang’s for a training exercise. Note-----(see media section for photograph) The Camp was abandoned in mid 1940 as it was deemed unsuitable for training during winter and the cost of a permanent camp could not be justified if it could not be used all year. Historic.......Rare,,,Interpretive.Sepia photographs.set of four ....post card size ....Horses &LighthorsemenNo 1, Lighthorsemen Regiment Geelong 1940......No 2 Light Horse at Breakwater Geelong 1938 to 1940....No 3 Light Horse at Breakwater Geelong 1938 to 1940.....No 4 Light Horse crossing Breakwater camped at Geelong Showgrounds. These markings are on reverse of photographs.light horsemengeelong 1940., world war 2

Dinner to Mr H R Clover player Career : 1920-24, 1926-31 Debut : Round 2, 1920 vs. Richmond, aged 25 years, 46 days Carlton Player No. 346 Games : 147 Goals : 396 Guernsey No. 1 Last Game : Semi Final, 1931 vs. Collingwood, aged 36 years, 180 days Height : 185 cm (6 ft. 1 in.) Weight : 86.5 kg (13 stone, 9 lbs.) DOB : 20 March, 1895 League Leading Goalkicker: 1922 Leading Goalkicker: 1920, 1921, 1922, 1923, 1926, 1928 Best and Fairest: 1929 Captain Coach: 1922-1924, 1927 Champion of the Colony: 1921 VFL AFL Hall of Fame Carlton Hall of Fame Team of the Century President: 1956-57 Vice President: 1932, 1935-54 Club Secretary: 1925-26 Horace “Horrie” Clover was Carlton’s star centre half-forward of the 1920’s; a high flying, long-kicking champion who enjoyed a stellar career with the Old Dark Navy Blues, then went on to be one of our longest-serving administrators. But even before he took the field for Carlton, Clover had to conquer the odds on the battlefields of France in World War 1. From Maryborough in central Victoria, Horrie enlisted in the 1st AIF in September 1915. After basic training, he embarked for France with reinforcements for the 7th Battalion in January of 1916. Soon pitched into the horrors of trench warfare, he fought and survived until September of that year, when he was transferred to a machine gun company and promoted to the rank of Corporal. On Christmas day, 1916, Horrie was struck down with acute appendicitis. He was evacuated to a field hospital for emergency surgery, where the doctors discovered that his appendix was gangrenous and that his life was in danger. He was immediately transferred to London for specialist treatment, and months of recuperation. Pronounced unfit for further front-line service, he was repatriated back to Australia in August 1917, and honourably discharged in May of the following year – six months before the Armistice. Having recovered, and keen to have a crack at senior football, Clover trained with Richmond and Melbourne before Carlton gave him an opportunity at VFL level. And how he delivered! In his first match in 1920 – ironically, against Richmond - he kicked four goals from centre half-forward, and hit the post three times! By the end of his first season at Princes Park, Clover was one of Carlton’s drawcards. Former Australian Prime Minister Sir Robert Menzies was just one of the many Carlton fans who were captivated; “he was the most artistic of high marks, unforgettable at half-forward,” said Menzies. Horrie could kick a football, too. A balanced, deceptively quick mover, he was a glorious running drop-kick for goal. Playing against Richmond again at Princes Park in July, 1921, he let fly with a monster kick that was later measured at 86.26 metres – that’s 94 yards, 2 feet in imperial terms! And there are numerous other instances where he roosted the ball more than 70 metres. In round 12 of 1921, he slotted 13 goals in a game against St Kilda; a club record which still stands today. The Blues made the finals in third place in 1921 and battled through to meet Richmond for the Premiership. Then the heavens above the MCG opened up on the day before the decider, turning the ground into a quagmire. In what was to be Clover’s only Grand Final appearance, Richmond won a slogging, mauling contest by four points. While Premiership glory eluded him, Horrie was Carlton’s top goalkicker in three of his first four seasons, including 1922, where his total of 58 was the competition’s best. He was appointed captain of the Blues that same year, and in 1923 took on the dual role of captain-coach. Over 1924 / 1925, he suffered more debilitating illness that prevented him from playing all season. Unable to pull on his football boots, he took on the job of Club Secretary, and continued in that position even after returning to the field in 1926. When he did eventually resume, he formed a new, powerful Carlton forward set-up with a young Harry “Soapy” Vallence at full-forward. Twice more – in 1926 and 1928, Clover’s brilliance and accuracy in front of goal saw him at the top of Carlton’s goal-kicking, and in 1929 – aged 34, he was honoured with the captaincy of Victoria against WA in his ninth and final game in the Big Vee. show_image.php?id=205 Horrie Clover retired as a player in 1931 after 147 games. His total of 396 goals is still ranked fifth best in Carlton’s proud history (only displaced for fourth when Brendan Fevola broke through in 2007/2008) – and it should be remembered that all but a handful of his games were played at centre half-forward, not in the goal square. In 1932 he was elected Vice-President of the Carlton Football Club, but retired after one year. In February 1935 on learning of Terry Ogden's the serious illness, Clover and Newton Chandler offered their services for a blood transfusion for the club's wing man. After a blood test Chandler's blood was accepted. However, Ogden passed away the next month. Clover stood again in 1935, was elected – and spent twenty unbroken years serving his beloved Blues. He even took on the Presidency in 1956, aged 60, and was as vigorous and determined as ever in his two years in the job. Carlton Football Club mourned deeply when Horrie Clover passed away on the first day of January, 1984. Three years later, he was among the first to be inducted into the Carlton Hall of Fame. Testament to his stature in the game as a whole, he was elected to the AFL Hall of Fame in 1996; and May 2000 saw him named as one of four emergencies in Carlton’s Team of the Century. A champion in every sense of the word, he spent 37 years of his remarkable life at Princes Park. Footnote The Argus published an article on Maryborough, April 12 1930, it said; "Clover has been the leading half-forward in League ranks for some time. It takes a specialist to fill the position capably, and the Carisbrook man does this admirably. Like good wine he has improved with age, and besides being one of the greatest half forwards that has ever appeared on a football field, he is about the best all round kicker that has ever played the game. He excells in punting, drop, and place kicking. He is a great marksman and a splendid exponent, one of the greatest the district has produced, besides being a fair cricketer also." When Clover returned to football in 1926, The Argus mentioned that they thought it was the first time a member of the Permit and Umpire Committee had played in a League game. 13 GOAL AWARD Round 12, 1921 At the Carlton AGM held on Monday 27 February 1922, Horrie Clover "was presented with ball used on the occasion, the St.Kilda club having generously donated it to the Carlton officials, who had it mounted for the purpose." (Age February 22 1922) 1922 The Art Of Forward Play Horrie wrote an article for the Sporting Globe August 30 p7 To read click here> http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article184798404 1928 Idol of Carlton Crowds - Australia's Best Centre Half Forward The Sporting Globe's football writer W. S. "Jumbo" Sharland writes about Horrie Clover To read click here> http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article183958222 Footballer Who Gambles With Death. Daily Pictorial (Sydney) article about Horrie. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article246129350 1932 Jack Worrall on Clover Writing for the Australasian September 03 p7; "Take Horrie Clover as an example, a real specialist, one of the best forwards the game has seen, and the best all-round kick that has ever come under my purview. For that reason he deserves a line to himself. He played the game like a sportsman, was a glorious high mark, and could cover a great distance by either drop, punt, or place kick - a remarkable accomplishment. Many players have been notable kicks in two aspects of the game, yet none have equalled Clover in the three branches. His nearest rival as an all-round kick, though not quite as certain in his efforts, was Frank Caine, of Carlton, who, like Clover, also hailed from the country." 1933 Coming Football Champion Melbourne, Saturday A special warning was issued to the Victorian Football League delegates last night by Mr. D. H. Crone, a Carlton delegate, not to angle for a certain "coming" champion that the Carlton Club had signed up that day. At first delegates were a little puzzled at the statement, but when it was explained that Horrie Clover, former champion half-forward, had that day become the father of of a son they burst into sustained laughter. It was only by persistent ringing of the bell by the chairman that order was restored. (News (Adelaide) May 20 1933 p3) 1933 - The Place Kick A letter to The Argus via the Huon Times about the lack of place kicking expertise in the VFL. The writer mentions that he got Horrie to play football in Maryborough after he saw the then 15 y.o. place kick a ball 63 yards, and later with Carlton, Clover place kicked 8 goals in one match. To read click here> http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article137253000 Milestones 50 Games: Round 1, 1923 vs Fitzroy 100 Games: Round 18, 1927 vs St Kilda 100 Goals: Round 18, 1921 vs Collingwood 200 Goals: Round 3, 1924 vs St Kilda 300 Goals: Round 11, 1928 vs Geelong Links Articles: The Magical 'Three Goal Average' | A Letter From Horrie | Our Flagless Greats Blueseum: Stat Shot for Horrie Clover | Career Breakdown | Clover's big goals hauls | Clover's Blueseum Image Gallery A dinner to celebrate career Horrie Clover in 1957Four Page Program & Menu 1927

BHS CollectionPale green covered exercise book with Victory printed in orange at the top right. Below is a circle with Victory at the top and Natural below. Across the centre is 100% Recycled Paper. Below is 96 page printed in white on an orange background. Below that is Exercise Book printed in dark green, and below that is the name plate. On the name line is a date 31-10-91. Book was used as a record of who bought tokens for the truckwash and how much they paid. Later the money was paid to the Council. Names in the book included: Robt Blake, Gib Davey,M Tappe, John Wilson, Allan Somerville, Peter Harris, ? Hearn, Andrew Beer, Jack McKenna, Don White, J Govett, J Wignall, Matthews Transports, Pickthalls Transport, Carlisle Bros, Noel Hartland, Grogans Livestock, K Stratton, Rutlands Transports, J Truscott, Des Byrne, Commercial Pig Co, Rick Thompson, M Connally, K Otoole, B McLean, K Stevens, S Bennitt, Alan Pickdall, L Boyd, Mathews Transport, Mathews, Cowan Transport, H J Sooble, John Kerr, Stone, John Wilson, Brendan Morgan, Bruce Stewart. Jack Covett, Len Terry, Neil Adams, P Llewellyn, Peter Norris, Steve Nann, Glen Bish, R Frazer, Rutland, S Johnston, R Hearn, Ronald D Stone, Stephen Bennett, Nick Connally, Wayne Wignall, G Chapman, Noel Hartland, Stan Rutland, Mr Preston, K Barrow, John Wilson, Mr McGrath, W Lanz, John Truscott, Craigs, M Vick, Craig Hoy, Cliff Johnson, N Johnson, Sullivan, Colin Bloomfield, R Thompson, M Vick, Jan Wignall, Bicknalls, JJ Wilson, Des Byrne, Keith O'Toole, Llewellyns transports, Reg Hearn, Don White, J Boon, Mr Webb, W Fergson, Glen Bish, G Pollock, Penview Pastoral Co, G Pollock, Meehan, Woodstock Holdings, J W Pekthall & Sons, John Wilson, Kerrs Transports, K Stevens, John Kerr, Benview Elmore, Steve Mann, Mr Anfuso, K Wignall, D Fawcett, P Johnson, Llewingtons, R Hearn, Paynes Transports, G Watson, Ian Johnson, G G Muller & Son, Pichard O'Sullivan, Gib Davies, Adams Transport, Kevin Marlow, Lewington, Maurie Bick, Isaac, Des Byrne, Lewington, J Govett, N Hartland, S Bennett, J Govett, R Thompson, B Morgan, Colin Bloomfield, J Kerr, Mr Carver, Richards, K Isaac, Amfuso, Bob McLean, Mr Marke, Geodie, Ted Goddard, Kulpinski, Hollingworth, W Hodge, G F Farmer, R Hearn, Kevin Stevens, Don White, Morrie Vick, Mr Gallagher, R McKenzie, L Lanz, L Kirk, D Harrigan, RG & F Moon, E J Hooper, Des Byrne, G Medlyn, J Wilson, N Hartland, H Green, D Vick, G D Gamble, Con Mulvahill, Pietorala Transports, C Reece, Graham Miller, Rinaldi, Les Smith, Brendan Morgan, Pickhalls Transports, Mr Dawn, Steven Bennett, Steve Mann, Les Smith, H Green, Connallys, Lewington, I Gallagher, Ray Collins, Burrow, Hugh Green, C Congrim, D Byrne, Don White, grogan, Mr Selly, Adams Transports, Kevin Marlow, Roberts Transports, J W Pickhalls, Wick Lockington, G Bish, Don White, GG Muller & Son, McKenna's, T Smith G Watson, Blacky, B Lee, Don Wright, Hue Green, John Wilson, Carl Cooke, Mr Connally, N Northland, Jan Hollingsworth, Mr Preston, Mr Hooper, Mr Rose, D White, Ron Mellier, GD Gamble, K Richards, Bond Bros, J Govett, Victorian Producers, Gavin O'Sullivan, Neil Adams, Mr Dowell, I Gallagher, W Lanz, Mr Boyd, Peter Bish, J McKay, Farmer, Joe Blow, J Matthews, M Vick, N Adams, Colins Pastoral Co, Younghusband, K Barrow, K Richards, Steve Bennett, Les Smith, Ben Webb, John Wilson, Gavin O'Sullivan, Mr McCarthy, Col Warrack, Steve Ellis, Charlie Reece, Mr Vanderene, D Hannagan, P Morgan, Don White, Sommerville, McDonald, P Meighan, Don White, Les Smith, Carl Koch, Ron Stone, M Connally, J Gover, Mr Craig, M Vick, Eddy Smith, B Morgan, B Hickson, Len Reid, Mr Curt, Mr Grogan, Rob Blake, Mr Goulthorpe, Bob McLean, O'Sullivans, Ricky thompson, Johnson, Mr Coffey, J McKay, D White, Giles, Johnstone, Nicholls, Govett, White, Wilson, Don White, Geoff Gill, D Gorden, Ray Collins, Pellegrino, Cory Watson, W Ferguson, Pickthall, McDonald, Cook, S Mann, J Govett, Collins Pastral, Broad, Rick thompson, R Hearn, S Bennett, W Fitzpatrick, Noel Hartland, K Rotheran, David Beers, Congran, R Blake, R Weeks, Taylor, R Frazer, K Stratton, M Connally, N Adams, Don White, Milgate, Findlays, J Dury, McKibbins, Morgan, Roberts, R Stone, K Stevens, M Vick, C Reece, Steve Bennett, Ahern, S Boyd, Rick thompson,McClean, Hearn, Govett, Peter harris, Graham Medlyn, McAllister, Noel Hartland, Beer, RJ Grogan, Hindle, Bendigo Horse Transport, Jack McKenna, R Hearn, J McKay, T Rinaldi, Hayes, G Muller, J Govett, Ranoldi, D Ford, K O'Toole, J Talbot, McKibbons, Barr, S Bennett, P Johnston, J Hird, Paynes Transport, D White, P Harris, Maurie Vick, P Bish, Don Hollingsworth, C Gilmore, Jack Talbot, G Chapman, J Wilson, Kevin Stevens, Eddy Smith, C Bloomfield, R thompson, Davies, Truscott, D Byrne, Hayes Transport, Yanga Pty Ltd, M Connally, A Rothacker, Coad, D Byrne, R O'Sullivan, K Stevens, Cliffton, M Douglas, Trevor Mathews, Botly, Anufson, w Fitzpatrick, R Hearn, R Collins, Craig Dorman, Brian Bentley, M Johns, T Sully, W Fawcett, Bob McLean, D White, Hugh Green, B Harris, Rod thompson, P Meighan, Allan McAllister, Mark Barri, Don White, M Connelly, P Lewellyn, G Gill, G Rand, Hayes, S O'Sullivan, D White, Bob Blake, R Stone, B Liddle, Bentley Trans, J Govett, Stevens Transport, N Broad, Govett, G Young, M Footh, Geoff Gill, Gamble, D Holingworth, C Reece, S White, S Bennett, M Barri, John Wilson, D Byrne, P Morgan, R Stone, Bentley, Pollock, Des Byrne, Doug Rinaldi, J Govett, B Harris, R Brunt, Roberts, R Burt, Tang, Peter Morgan, M Oxley, G W Nunn, D Boyd, Findley, C Johns, W Craig, A Beer, A & M Rinaldi, D Illingworth, M Barri, G Rand, G & P Nunn, R Hearn, A Broad, C Bloomfield, K Marlow, P Trailer, J Govett, Talbot, J Beer, M Gray, J Kerr, R Stone, R Stewart, English Trans, Argyle Transport, Bentley's, B Stewart, G Davey, Leavinitons, Lewington's, Miller, G Muller, J Talbot, S Mann, McKibbins, Hanson, D Boon, R Burt, English, Oxley, N Collier, Broadacres, Murphy, M Oxley, G Thomas, Holly, Dalgety, Elders, McKean, Nevins, Nuttall, Rodwell, Vains, VPC, Allan MacAllister, Hyland, Gathercole, Gilbertson, Hardwick, Le frankie, Midfield, Osullivans Wignall, John Crimmins, D Lane and Jack Fisher.bendigo, council, cattle markets, bendigo saleyards collection - record of tokens, robt blake, gib davey, m tappe, john wilson, allan somerville, peter harris, ? hearn, andrew beer, jack mckenna, don white, j govett, j wignall, matthews transports, pickthalls transport, carlisle bros, noel hartland, grogans livestock, k stratton, rutlands transports, j truscott, des byrne, commercial pig co, rick thompson, m connally, k otoole, b mclean, k stevens, s bennitt, alan pickdall, l boyd, mathews transport, mathews, cowan transport, h j sooble, john kerr, stone, john wilson, brendan morgan, bruce stewart. jack covett, len terry, neil adams, p llewellyn, peter norris, steve nann, glen bish, r frazer, rutland, s johnston, r hearn, ronald d stone, stephen bennett, nick connally, wayne wignall, g chapman, noel hartland, stan rutland, mr preston, k barrow, john wilson, mr mcgrath, w lanz, john truscott, craigs, m vick, craig hoy, cliff johnson, n johnson, sullivan, colin bloomfield, r thompson, m vick, jan wignall, bicknalls, jj wilson, des byrne, keith o'toole, llewellyns transports, reg hearn, don white, j boon, mr webb, w fergson, glen bish, g pollock, penview pastoral co, g pollock, meehan, woodstock holdings, j w pekthall & sons, john wilson, kerrs transports, k stevens, john kerr, benview elmore, steve mann, mr anfuso, k wignall, d fawcett, p johnson, llewingtons, r hearn, paynes transports, g watson, ian johnson, g g muller & son, pichard o'sullivan, gib davies, adams transport, kevin marlow, lewington, maurie bick, isaac, des byrne, lewington, j govett, n hartland, s bennett, j govett, r thompson, b morgan, colin bloomfield, j kerr, mr carver, richards, k isaac, amfuso, bob mclean, mr marke, geodie, ted goddard, kulpinski, hollingworth, w hodge, g f farmer, r hearn, kevin stevens, don white, morrie vick, mr gallagher, r mckenzie, l lanz, l kirk, d harrigan, rg & f moon, e j hooper, des byrne, g medlyn, j wilson, n hartland, h green, d vick, g d gamble, con mulvahill, pietorala transports, c reece, graham miller, rinaldi, les smith, brendan morgan, pickhalls transports, mr dawn, steven bennett, steve mann, les smith, h green, connallys, lewington, i gallagher, ray collins, burrow, hugh green, c congrim, d byrne, don white, grogan, mr selly, adams transports, kevin marlow, roberts transports, j w pickhalls, wick lockington, g bish, don white, gg muller & son, mckenna's, t smith g watson, blacky, b lee, don wright, hue green, john wilson, carl cooke, mr connally, n northland, jan hollingsworth, mr preston, mr hooper, mr rose, d white, ron mellier, gd gamble, k richards, bond bros, j govett, victorian producers, gavin o'sullivan, neil adams, mr dowell, i gallagher, w lanz, mr boyd, peter bish, j mckay, farmer, joe blow, j matthews, m vick, n adams, colins pastoral co, younghusband, k barrow, k richards, steve bennett, les smith, ben webb, john wilson, gavin o'sullivan, mr mccarthy, col warrack, steve ellis, charlie reece, mr vanderene, d hannagan, p morgan, don white, sommerville, mcdonald, p meighan, don white, les smith, carl koch, ron stone, m connally, j gover, mr craig, m vick, eddy smith, b morgan, b hickson, len reid, mr curt, mr grogan, rob blake, mr goulthorpe, bob mclean, o'sullivans, ricky thompson, johnson, mr coffey, j mckay, d white, giles, johnstone, nicholls, govett, white, wilson, don white, geoff gill, d gorden, ray collins, pellegrino, cory watson, w ferguson, pickthall, mcdonald, cook, s mann, j govett, collins pastral, broad, rick thompson, r hearn, s bennett, w fitzpatrick, noel hartland, k rotheran, david beers, congran, r blake, r weeks, taylor, r frazer, k stratton, m connally, n adams, don white, milgate, findlays, j dury, mckibbins, morgan, roberts, r stone, k stevens, m vick, c reece, steve bennett, ahern, s boyd, rick thompson, mcclean, hearn, govett, peter harris, graham medlyn, mcallister, noel hartland, beer, rj grogan, hindle, bendigo horse transport, jack mckenna, r hearn, j mckay, t rinaldi, hayes, g muller, j govett, ranoldi, d ford, k o'toole, j talbot, mckibbons, barr, s bennett, p johnston, j hird, paynes transport, d white, p harris, maurie vick, p bish, don hollingsworth, c gilmore, jack talbot, g chapman, j wilson, kevin stevens, eddy smith, c bloomfield, r thompson, davies, truscott, d byrne, hayes transport, yanga pty ltd, m connally, a rothacker, coad, d byrne, r o'sullivan, k stevens, cliffton, m douglas, trevor mathews, botly, anufson, w fitzpatrick, r hearn, r collins, craig dorman, brian bentley, m johns, t sully, w fawcett, bob mclean, d white, hugh green, b harris, rod thompson, p meighan, allan mcallister, mark barri, don white, m connelly, p lewellyn, g gill, g rand, hayes, s o'sullivan, d white, bob blake, r stone, b liddle, bentley trans, j govett, stevens transport, n broad, govett, g young, m footh, geoff gill, gamble, d holingworth, c reece, s white, s bennett, m barri, john wilson, d byrne, p morgan, r stone, bentley, pollock, des byrne, doug rinaldi, j govett, b harris, r brunt, roberts, r burt, tang, peter morgan, m oxley, g w nunn, d boyd, findley, c johns, w craig, a beer, a & m rinaldi, d illingworth, m barri, g rand, g & p nunn, r hearn, a broad, c bloomfield, k marlow, p trailer, j govett, talbot, j beer, m gray, j kerr, r stone, r stewart, english trans, argyle transport, bentley's, b stewart, g davey, leavinitons, lewington's, miller, g muller, j talbot, s mann, mckibbins, hanson, d boon, r burt, english, oxley, n collier, broadacres, murphy, m oxley, g thomas, holly, dalgety, elders, mckean, nevins, nuttall, rodwell, vains, vpc, allan macallister, hyland, gathercole, gilbertson, hardwick, le frankie, midfield, osullivans wignall, john crimmins, d lane, jack fisher

ESCo Employee Hours Work Record book that has been used by an ESCo/SEC inspector, H. P. James as a record / note book for his personal collection or papers or journal titled "Out of the Past". Book sewn with string in 36 page sections, blank end papers, board covers with stipple paper out sides and Rexene cloth binding. Comprising plain paper end papers and 104 printed pages (52 leaves), with each sheet printed in black on feint ruled paper for recording the hours worked and other details of drivers and conductors employed by ESCo. Printed for daily use, with Day and date page headings - made out for the 1930's. Images: Book - i1 Inside front cover - i2 Members Certificate - i3 Has been used to gather mementos such as photos, articles, newspaper clippings, letters and other miscellaneous documents on Ballarat local history. Newspaper cuttings etc often have side notes written by Mr. James. Inside front cover has certificate recording Mr. James membership to the Ballarat Historical Society for 1940. Receipt signed by Edward Crimmins. Also a newspaper cutting on the cost of pensions to Lord Nelson's family. On facing page a photo of Queen Elizabeth, a printer colour cover or sheet about Walt Disney's "Pinocchio", a newspaper cutting regarding Father's Day and a black and white photograph of a young girl in a hospital carriage being pushed by a man. Pages numbered odd numbers only in the top right hand corner in pencil. Primary items are: 1 - Coloured cover to a writing tablet, titled "Australian Birds". Underlying this on the back of the writing tablet is two newspaper cuttings: the Ballarat Historical Society - reports on the 6th Annual meeting of the Society. 3 - Photo of the pattern Ballaarat Horse Tram company tram outside the Duncan and Fraser's Carriage Works in Adelaide with hand written notes underneath, including a sketch of a horse tram drivers seat - see Reg. Item 2527. 4, 6 - Group of nine black and white printed cards (15 illustrations) of early Ballarat pasted onto the sheet - see Reg. Item 2528. 5, 7 & 9 - Printed notes titled "Valedictory to Bob Haines" - see Reg. Item 2529. On page 9 in the left hand margin, a printed list of Church Officers; Church of England. 8 - Newspaper cuttings titled "The Heralds Man's Quiz" and the answers adjacent. City of Ballaarat - Public Inoculation Depot - Influenza form for HP James of ESCo - See Reg. Item 2530. Page Numbering from this point changes - even numbers in top right hand corner of folios instead of odd numbers. 9A - Newspaper cuttings about a Theatre Show, 54 years service of Mr. E. R. Bodycomb (Ballarat Gas) and planting of trees in the Avenue of Honour - with a red line around H. P. James names and a reproduction of the opening photograph of ESCo Electric Trams - noting 30 years ago - See Reg. Item 310.2. ESCo 4d Ticket - Purple - Grenville St to Sebastopol Terminus - See Reg Item 2531. ESCo 3d Adult Transfer Ticket - See Reg. Item 2532. Illustration - cartoon - H.P. James - See Reg. Item 2533. 10 - Newspaper cutting "From Horse Tram to Trolley Bus" - See Reg Item 2534. Newspaper cutting "Melbourne's First Tramcars" - See Reg Item 2535. An inscription or written note from T. Thomas etc. on lower edge of the sheet. 11,12 - Newspaper cuttings about the Passing of Melbourne's Cable Trams, including a photo of cable trailer No. 1 - See Reg. Item 2536. Other cuttings about early residents of the Ballarat district. 13 - Newspaper cutting dated 2/5/1936 about the donation from the CTA to the Ballarat Hospital. 14 - Newspaper cuttings - Photo of Ballarat Bicycle and Tricycle Club in the Gardens, the issue of a stamp to commemorate the Centenary of Ballarat, radio stations in Sydney, Ballarat Choirs and fire brigade demonstrations trophies. 16 - Copy of the "City of Ballaarat Regulation No. 13" concerning Hackney and Stage coaches working within the City - See Reg. item 2537. 18, 20 - Newspaper cutting - "The Working Classes in Early Ballarat" - Nathan Spielvogel 21 - handwritten note on "Doctor" Thomas Blackett who died during 1940. 22 - Miscellaneous cuttings from the Melbourne Sun. 23 - Newspaper cuttings "Story of South Street", Show Grounds, and "The Alfred" Hall and a photograph of the 1938 Floral Carpet at Alfred Hall. 24 - Newspaper cutting - obituary and hand written note on Ballarat identity Mr. J. P. Bourke. 25 - Newspaper cutting - cartoon "Tiddley" Winks and Wally - Stan Cross (later "Wally and the Major" 26 - Newspaper cutting - "Ballarat in the sixties" - General R.E. Williams and "Early Recollections" - Arthur Reid. 27 - Handwritten note re Mrs. Bill Danks, dated Jan. 1941 - Tobacconist in Bridge St. 28 - Newspaper cutting - "First Town Hall" and note on "City Hall". 30 - Newspaper cuttings - "Good Friday, Now and Then - T.P. Long, Mont Albert and "On Fashions" James R. Pound. 32 - Newspaper cutting "School and School life in old Ballarat" - Nathan F. Spielvogel. 34 - Newspaper cutting continued from page 32 and Obituary - Mr. Archie Dawson and Tom Blackett. 35 - Newspaper cutting of Ballarat - 4 photos - include Bridge St. with a tram. 36 - Newspaper cutting - "Ballarat - Pastoral and Industrial Resources" from a Melbourne paper, 17/2/1940. 38 - Newspaper cuttings - obituaries - Mr. R. E. Tunbridge, Graeme Dowling and Thomas Crosthwaite. 39 - Illustration - black and white - Late Mr. P. J. Pringle - See Reg. Item 2538. 40 - Handwritten notes on Ballarat Trams and the power station staff - See Reg. Item 2539. 41 - Handwritten notes on Ballarat Pie Stalls 42 - Newspaper cuttings - cartoon "Professor Nimbus", photo of the Norwegian town of Hell (Railway station); bicycles on a Copenhagen bridge following German occupation and dragon flies in Melbourne. 43 - Newspaper cutting on the official opening of the Ballarat Historical Society's Museum. 44 - Newspaper cuttings and associated handwritten notes on a fire in Ballarat, poultry fanciers, historical dates for August. 46 - Newspaper cuttings - "Victoria's first profitable goldfield" - Ballarat and the unveiling of the Sovereign Hill direction pillar. 48 - Newspaper cutting - "Worked 27 years without holiday" - See Reg. Item. 2540. - Other newspaper cuttings - thoughts of a visitor to Ballarat from Sydney and H.P. James - Liquor control in Ballarat and "This Week at the Zoo". 50 - Handwritten notes on clothing. 51 - Handwritten note on a visit to W. H. Middleton 52 - Newspaper cuttings "The Kings Empire", "Ballarat Birthdays" for Sept and Oct and an obituary on Mr. W. H. Middleton. 54 - Newspaper cuttings "Richmond has Links With Early Goldfields" - Malcolm McCullum and "England's Greatest Battle" 55, 56 - Newspaper cuttings - "Ballarat Birthdays" for November and December, a photograph of Nick Oliver - former Ballarat fireman and "Railway Birthday" - birth of the VR. 57, 58 - Handwritten notes on Ballarat tram timetables, weekly tickets, motorman's record cards, tourist tickets and sample tickets or cards, See Reg. Item 2541. Lunch Hour Weekly Ticket - Reg. Item 2542 Morning and Evening Weekly Ticket - Reg. Item 2543 Motorman's Record - Reg. Item 2544 Tourist Ticket - 1/- - Reg. Item 2545. 60 - Newspaper cuttings - parts 1 and 2 - "The Two Ballarat" by Nathan Spielvogel. 62 - Newspaper cuttings - continued from page 60, the death of comedians Sam Mayo and Gus Bluett and some handwritten notes on comedians. 64 - Newspaper cuttings on cricket, choir rules, a Methodist ladies function at the home of H.P. James, Footballer Percy Beames and entertaining air force recruits at the showgrounds. 66 - Newspaper cuttings - "The Anvil Chorus" - Hitler and Mussolini and "Strength against Nazi Threat". 68 - Newspaper cuttings - 50 years ago in Ballarat, Social function at H.P. James house, coldest morning in Ballarat and the death of Col. A. W. Bennett. 70 - Newspaper cuttings - about the sale of spirits in early Ballarat, the first motorcars in Ballarat and handwritten note about Mr. Jago. 72 - Newspaper cuttings - misc. about horse racing, trainers and racing. 73 - Newspaper cuttings and handwritten notes about Ballarat Schools. 74 - Newspaper cuttings - Bruno Hauptmann (Charles Lindbergh) and the death of actor Darcy Kelway. 75, 76 - Newspaper cuttings - Rail services to and from Ballarat, effects of the war and Ballarat 70 years ago, the invasions of Britain and "A stroll down Memory Lane" - T.P. Long of Mont Albert. 77,78 - Newspaper cuttings - Lake Wendouree - Nathan Spielvogel, the opening of the new Ballarat Historical Society's Museum and farewell function of Mr. James Shannon. 79 - Newspaper cuttings - about boats on lake Wendouree. 99 - Obituary and hand written note re Mr. Arthur M. David. 100 - Newspaper cuttings - cartoon "Wally and the Major", Dr William Maloney, Gus Bluett and "Old Rowley" - in connection with the Melbourne Cup of 1940. 101 - Cartoon advertisement for Kolynos Dental Cream Inside rear cover - Programme for the Centenary of Thanksgiving Service - Back to Ballarat 1934, dated 4/11/1934 (has been affected by other sheets of paper due to their acidic nature), printed notes titled "A ramble on stilts with Freddie" written by Baker James. Many in pencil and inktrams, tramways, h.p. james, esco, horse trams, ballarat, civic history

The Work “The Birds of Australia; containing over 300 full-page illustrations, with a descriptive account of the life and characteristic habits of over 700 species” by Gracius J. [Joseph] Broinowski – Australian author, artist and ornithologist - was created in 40 parts for subscribers and sold for 10s [shillings]., These parts were later published in six volumes, which were later published and bound in pairs to make three volumes, each of which contain two of the six original volumes, numbered volumes, “I”, “III” and “V” on their fly page, but numbered “Vols. I-II”, “Vols. III-IV” and “Vols. V-VI” on their respective spines. The volumes were all published by Charles Stuart & Co. (Melbourne, Sydney, Adelaide, Brisbane, New Zealand, and Tasmania). All of the beautifully drawn and coloured illustrations in The Birds of Australia were illustrated by Broinowski. They were printed using a new 19th century method called chromolithography. This is the art of making multi-coloured prints. The skilled lithographer would work from an original coloured painting and create a copy for every one of the many layers of colour used to build the painting. These layers were then printed carefully over each other to re-build the picture. Gracius J. Broinowski’s Work “The Birds of Australia” was described by Jean.Anker as “a semi-popular but comprehensive treatment of the subject” in the book “Bird Books and Bird Art: an outline of the Literary History and Iconology of Descriptive Ornithology” 1979. It may be that these books were donated to, or ordered specifically for, the Warrnambool Public Museum, due to the embossing on the spine “WARRNAMBOOL PUBLIC LIBRARY”. The acquisition of these books would most likely to have made 1891-1910, between the date the books were published and the date that the Museum amalgamated with the Mechanics Institute, which then became part of The Museum and Art Gallery. These three books were part of the collection of books belonging to the Warrnambool Public Museum, established 1873 by Joseph Archibald. The Museum moved into the back of the Mechanics’ Institute in 1885, along with the Art Gallery and School of Dancing. In 1886 it was officially opened as The Warrnambool Museum and Art Gallery, with Joseph Archibald as its curator. In 1887 the Museum section was moved to the former court house in Timor Street, with Joseph Archibald as Curator until 1897. In 1910 the Museum was transferred back to the original building and the management of the Mechanics' Institute was handed over to the Warrnambool City Council. In 1935 Ralph Pattison was appointed as City Librarian. He developed his own sorting and cataloguing system and organised the collection of books accordingly. In the 1960’s the Warrnambool City Council closed down the Museum and Art Gallery and the books and artefacts were redistributed to other organisations in Warrnambool. Each spine of this book set, The Birds of Australia by Gracius Broinowski, shows a space on which a previous cataloguing label may have been affixed. The volumes are amongst the many books at Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village that display stamps and markings from Pattison as well as a variety of other institutions including the Mechanics’ Institute itself. Some other Australian Libraries also include these books in their collections; Australian National University, University of NSW, University of Western Australia, State Library of Western Australia, Deakin University, Queen Victoria Museum and Art Gallery, University of Adelaide, University of Queensland, University of Tasmania. The Library of Congress and the University of British Columbia also have sets of these volumes. These books are considered as Rare Book; a set of Broinowski’s 3 volumes was advertised in Melbourne’s Rare Book Fair 2012, “for ornithological collectors”. (See the more detailed information below in “Warrnambool Public Museum and Mechanics Institute” and the “Pattison Collection”.) GRACIUS JOSEP BROINOWSKI Gracius Joseph Broinowski (7/3/1837 – 11/4/1913), artist and ornithologist, was born in Walichnowy, Poland, son of a landowner and military officer of the same name. He was educated privately then later, at the Munich University, he was a student of languages, classics and art. To avoid conscription into the Russian army, he migrated to Germany. At the age of about 20 years he migrated to Portland (Victoria, Australia), working his passage as part of the crew of a windjammer. Broinowski worked in the country for a few years then found employment working for a Melbourne publisher and later sold his own paintings. In about 1863, while on one of his many travels in eastern Australia painting landscapes and scenes, he married Jane Smith in Richmond, Victoria (her father was captain of a whaler). In 1880 he settled in Sydney where his work involved teaching painting, lecturing on art and exhibiting his own work at showings of the Royal Art Society. Also in the 1880s he began to publish illustrated works on Australian natural history, including; - illustrations of the birds and mammals of Australia, commissioned by the Department of Public Instruction, New South Wales, and mounted, varnished and hung on walls in many classrooms - "The Birds and Mammals of Australia"; a bound collection of illustrations with appropriated text - 1888 "The Cockatoos and Nestors of Australia and New Zealand" - 1890-1891, "The Birds of Australia" Broinowski died in 1913 at Mosman, Sydney, survived by his wife, six sons and a daughter. His son, Leopold, became a significant political journalist in Tasmania. WARRNAMBOOL PUBLIC MUSEUM & MECHANICS INSTITUTE Warrnambool's Mechanics' Institute (or Institution as it was sometimes called) was one of the earliest in Victoria. On 17th October 1853 a meeting was held where it was resolved to request the Lieutenant Governor of the Colony to grant land for the erection of a Mechanics' Institutes building. A committee was formed at the meeting and Richard Osburne chaired the first meeting of this committee. The land on the North West corner of Banyan and Merri Streets was granted but there were no funds to erect the building. The Formal Rights of the Warrnambool Mechanics' Institute's encompassed its aims and these were officially adopted in1859; "This Institution has for its object the diffusion of literary, scientific, and other useful knowledge amongst its members, excluding all controversial subjects, religious or political. These objects are sought to be obtained by means of a circulating library, a reading room, the establishment of classes, debates, and the occasional delivery of lectures on natural and experimental philosophy, mechanics, astronomy, chemistry, natural history, literature, and the useful and ornamental arts, particularly those which have a more immediate reference to the colony." The Warrnambool Mechanics' Institute opened its first reading room in December 1854 in the National School building at the corner of Banyan and Timor Streets. The Institute was funded by member subscription, payable on a quarterly, half yearly or yearly basis. Samuel Hannaford, the Manager of the Warrnambool Bank of Australasia, was the first Honorary Secretary of the Mechanics' Institutes, and an early President and Vice-President. He also gave several of the early lectures in the Reading Room. Another early Secretary, Librarian and lecturer was Marmaduke Fisher, the teacher at the National School. Lecture topics included The Poets and Poetry of Ireland', 'The Birth and Development of the Earth', 'The Vertebrae - with Remarks on the pleasures resulting from the study of Natural History' and 'Architecture'. In 1856 the Reading Room was moved to James Hider's shop in Timor Street, and by 1864 it was located in the bookshop of Davies and Read. In the 1860's the Mechanics' Institute struggled as membership waned but in 1866, after a series of fund raising efforts, the committee was able to purchase land in Liebig Street, on a site then called Market Square, between the weighbridge and the fire station. A Mechanics' Institute building was opened at this site in August 1871. The following year four more rooms were added to the main Reading Room and in 1873 the Artisan School of Design was incorporated into the Institute. The same year, 1873, Joseph Archibald established the Warrnambool Public Museum [Warrnambool Museum], however it deteriorated when he was transferred to Bendigo in 1877. In 1880, with Archibald's return to Warrnambool, the Museum was re-established and he served as Curator 1882-1897. In 1885 a new building was added to the back of the Mechanics’ Institute to accommodate the re-created School of Design, the Art Gallery and the Museum. It was officially opened as the Warrnambool Museum and Art Gallery on 26th July 1886 with Mr Joseph Archibald as Curator. In 1887 the Museum section was moved to the former court house in Timor Street (for some time the walls of the building formed part of the TAFE cafeteria but all is now demolished). In 1910 the Museum was transferred back to the original building and the management of the Mechanics' Institute was handed over to the Warrnambool City Council. The Museum and Art Gallery became one and housed many fine works of art, and the Library continued to grow. The building was well patronised, with records showing that at the beginning of the 20th century there were between 500 and 800 visitors. During World War One the monthly figures were in the thousands, with 3,400 people visiting in January 1915. The Museum was a much loved Institution in Warrnambool until 1963 when the Museum and Art Gallery was closed and the contents removed to make room for the Warrnambool City Council Engineers' Department. The contents were stored but many of the items were scattered or lost. The Museum has never been re-opened. When the original building was demolished the site became occupied by the Civic Centre, which included the new City Library. (The library was temporarily located in the old Palais building in Koroit Street.) In the process of reorganisation the Collection was distributed amongst the community groups: -The new City Library took some of the historic books and some important documents, historic photographs and newspapers. -The Art Gallery kept the 19th Century art collection and some of the artefacts from the museum. -The Historic Society has some items -The State Museum has some items -Some items were destroyed -Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village has old newspapers, Government Gazettes, most of the Mechanics' Institute Library (which included books from the Warrnambool Public Museum), ledgers and documents connected to the Mechanics' Institute Library, some framed and unframed art works and some photographs. THE PATTISON COLLECTION These books “The Birds of Australia” by Broinowsky, are also listed as part of the ‘Pattison Collection’, a collection of books and records that was originally owned by the Warrnambool Mechanics’ Institute, which was founded in Warrnambool in 1853. In 1935 Ralph Pattison was appointed as City Librarian to establish and organise the Warrnambool Library, as the Warrnambool Mechanics’ Institute was then called. When the Warrnambool Mechanics’ Institute building was pulled down in 1963 a new civic building was erected on the site and the new Warrnambool Library, on behalf of the City Council, took over all the holdings of the Warrnambool Mechanics’ Institute. At this time some of the items were separated and identified as the ‘Pattison Collection’, named after Ralph Pattison. Eventually the components of the Warrnambool Mechanics’ Institute were distributed from the Warrnambool Library to various places, including the Art Gallery, Historical Society and Flagstaff Hill. Later some were even distributed to other regional branches of Corangamite Regional Library and passed to and fro. It is difficult now to trace just where all of the items have ended up. The books at Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village generally display stamps and markings from Pattison as well as a variety of other institutions including the Mechanics’ Institute itself. RALPH ERIC PATTISON Ralph Eric Pattison was born in Rockhampton, Queensland, in 1891. He married Maude Swan from Warrnambool in 1920 and they set up home in Warrnambool. In 1935 Pattison accepted a position as City Librarian for the Warrnambool City Council. His huge challenge was to make a functional library within two rooms of the Mechanics’ Institute. He tirelessly cleaned, cleared and sorted a disarrayed collection of old books, jars of preserved specimens and other items reserved for exhibition in the city’s museum. He developed and updated the library with a wide variety of books for all tastes, including reference books for students; a difficult task to fulfil during the years following the Depression. He converted all of the lower area of the building into a library, reference room and reading room for members and the public. The books were sorted and stored using a cataloguing and card index system that he had developed himself. He also prepared the upper floor of the building and established the Art Gallery and later the Museum, a place to exhibit the many old relics that had been stored for years for this purpose. One of the treasures he found was a beautiful ancient clock, which he repaired, restored and enjoyed using in his office during the years of his service there. Ralph Pattison was described as “a meticulous gentleman whose punctuality, floorless courtesy and distinctive neat dress were hallmarks of his character, and ‘his’ clock controlled his daily routine, and his opening and closing of the library’s large heavy doors to the minute.” Pattison took leave during 1942 to 1945 to serve in the Royal Australian Navy, Volunteer Reserve as Lieutenant. A few years later he converted one of the Museum’s rooms into a Children’s Library, stocking it with suitable books for the younger generation. This was an instant success. In the 1950’s he had the honour of being appointed to the Victorian Library Board and received more inspiration from the monthly conferences in Melbourne. He was sadly retired in 1959 after over 23 years of service, due to the fact that he had gone over the working age of council officers. However he continued to take a very keen interest in the continual development of the Library until his death in 1969. References: Archibald Street, Discover the History of Warrnambool Streets, https://www.warrnambool.vic.gov.au/sites/warrnambool.vic.gov.au/files/images/Property/roads/The%20story%20of%20Warrnambool's%20streets.pdf Broinowski, Bird Books and Bird Art etc, Jean Anker 1979, https://books.google.com.au/books?id=B5TpCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA66&lpg=PA66&dq=the+birds+of+australia,+broinowski,+bird+books+and+bird+art&source=bl&ots=nQroxqePdY&sig=a3lnn-_FqB-ZcFAwqRYVK6Y7ZeM&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj5sL7-2JTSAhWIyLwKHaCHAJcQ6AEIUTAN#v=onepage&q=the%20birds%20of%20australia%2C%20broinowski%2C%20bird%20books%20and%20bird%20art&f=false Broinowski, Gracius Joseph, by A.H. Chisholm, Australian Dictionary of Biography http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/broinowski-gracius-joseph-3061 Chromolithography, Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromolithography Document, Flagstaff Hill, ‘Mechanics’ Institute Collection’: Books on Dean, Melbourne Rare Book Fare 2015, BookFare Newsletter #5, www.anzaab.com/newsletters/BookFare_1207.pdf Flagstaff Hill archives; document “Re: Ralph Eric Pattison”] Gracius Broinowski, Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gracius_Broinowski Gracius Joseph Broinowski, Design & Art Australia online, https://www.daao.org.au/bio/gracius-joseph-broinowski/biography/ Mechanics' Institutes of Victoria Pg ix, 283; Significance Assessment, Warrnambool Mechanics’ Institute Books, FHMV, 2010 The Birds of Australia by Gracius J. Broinowski, Libraries of Australia, Trove http://trove.nla.gov.au/work/12425131?q&sort=holdings+desc&_=1487246530281&versionId=210683608 The Birds of Australia, Broinowski; www.Librarything.com The History of Warrnambool, R. Osburne, 1887, p.72, p. 283 The Warrnambool Mechanics’ Institute – FHMV datasheet Warrnambool Art Gallery History, Warrnambool Art Gallery Foundation Information Booklet, http://www.wagf.com.au/cms/downloads/WAGF-Information-Booklet.pdf Warrnambool Museum and Art Gallery, The Argus, 29th July 1886 Web; The Birds of Australia (Broinowski), Wikipedia The Birds of Australia by Gracius J. Broinowski is a respected source of scientific information. It is also significant for its rarity and as an early Australian Work. The book is significant for its association with the Warrnambool Public Museum, which played an important educational and social role in the early settlement of Warrnambool and District. The book is also significant for its association with the Warrnambool Mechanics' Institute Library book collection, which is deemed to be of great importance because it is one of the few collections in an almost intact state, and many of the books are now very rare and of great value. The Warrnambool Mechanics’ Institute Collection is primarily significant in its totality, rather than for the individual objects it contains. Its contents are highly representative of the development of Mechanics' Institute libraries across Australia, particularly Victoria. A diversity of publications and themes has been amassed, and these provide clues to our understanding of the nature of and changes in the reading habits of Victorians from the 1850s to the middle of the 20th century. The Warrnambool Mechanics Institute book collection has historical and social significance for its strong association with the Mechanics Institute movement and the important role it played in the intellectual, cultural and social development of people throughout the latter part of the nineteenth century and the early twentieth century. The collection of books is a rare example of an early lending library and its significance is enhanced by the survival of an original collection of many volumes. The collection also highlights the Warrnambool community’s commitment to the Mechanics’ Institute, reading, literacy and learning in the regions, and proves that access to knowledge was not impeded by distance. These items help to provide a more complete picture of our community’s ideals and aspirations. The book is also significant for its inclusion in the Pattison Collection, a collection that as a whole shows a snapshot of the types of reading material offered to the local public at that point in time. The Birds of Australia Vol 3 - 4 Author and Illustrator: Gracius J Broinowski Publisher: Charles Stuart & Co Date: 1890Label on spine cover with typed text RA 598.2 BRO Pastedown front endpaper has sticker from Warrnambool Mechanics Institute and Free Library Embossing added to spine “WARRNAMBOOL PUBLIC MUSEUM” flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, the birds of australia, gracius joseph broinowski, charles stuart & co, joseph archibald, warrnambool public museum, warrnambool museum, warrnambool library, warrnambool art gallery, warrnambool city librarian, pattison collection, ralph eric pattison, samuel hannaford, warrnambool mechanics’ institute and free library, mechanics’ institute library, victorian library board, warrnambool books and records, rare books, australian bird illustrations, australian bird text, australian natural history, the birds of australia vol 3 - 4

The Work “The Birds of Australia; containing over 300 full-page illustrations, with a descriptive account of the life and characteristic habits of over 700 species” by Gracius J. [Joseph] Broinowski – Australian author, artist and ornithologist - was created in 40 parts for subscribers and sold for 10s [shillings]., These parts were later published in six volumes, which were later published and bound in pairs to make three volumes, each of which contain two of the six original volumes, numbered volumes, “I”, “III” and “V” on their fly page, but numbered “Vols. I-II”, “Vols. III-IV” and “Vols. V-VI” on their respective spines. The volumes were all published by Charles Stuart & Co. (Melbourne, Sydney, Adelaide, Brisbane, New Zealand, and Tasmania). All of the beautifully drawn and coloured illustrations in The Birds of Australia were illustrated by Broinowski. They were printed using a new 19th century method called chromolithography. This is the art of making multi-coloured prints. The skilled lithographer would work from an original coloured painting and create a copy for every one of the many layers of colour used to build the painting. These layers were then printed carefully over each other to re-build the picture. Gracius J. Broinowski’s Work “The Birds of Australia” was described by Jean.Anker as “a semi-popular but comprehensive treatment of the subject” in the book “Bird Books and Bird Art: an outline of the Literary History and Iconology of Descriptive Ornithology” 1979. It may be that these books were donated to, or ordered specifically for, the Warrnambool Public Museum, due to the embossing on the spine “WARRNAMBOOL PUBLIC LIBRARY”. The acquisition of these books would most likely to have made 1891-1910, between the date the books were published and the date that the Museum amalgamated with the Mechanics Institute, which then became part of The Museum and Art Gallery. These three books were part of the collection of books belonging to the Warrnambool Public Museum, established 1873 by Joseph Archibald. The Museum moved into the back of the Mechanics’ Institute in 1885, along with the Art Gallery and School of Dancing. In 1886 it was officially opened as The Warrnambool Museum and Art Gallery, with Joseph Archibald as its curator. In 1887 the Museum section was moved to the former court house in Timor Street, with Joseph Archibald as Curator until 1897. In 1910 the Museum was transferred back to the original building and the management of the Mechanics' Institute was handed over to the Warrnambool City Council. In 1935 Ralph Pattison was appointed as City Librarian. He developed his own sorting and cataloguing system and organised the collection of books accordingly. In the 1960’s the Warrnambool City Council closed down the Museum and Art Gallery and the books and artefacts were redistributed to other organisations in Warrnambool. Each spine of this book set, The Birds of Australia by Gracius Broinowski, shows a space on which a previous cataloguing label may have been affixed. The volumes are amongst the many books at Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village that display stamps and markings from Pattison as well as a variety of other institutions including the Mechanics’ Institute itself. Some other Australian Libraries also include these books in their collections; Australian National University, University of NSW, University of Western Australia, State Library of Western Australia, Deakin University, Queen Victoria Museum and Art Gallery, University of Adelaide, University of Queensland, University of Tasmania. The Library of Congress and the University of British Columbia also have sets of these volumes. These books are considered as Rare Book; a set of Broinowski’s 3 volumes was advertised in Melbourne’s Rare Book Fair 2012, “for ornithological collectors”. (See the more detailed information below in “Warrnambool Public Museum and Mechanics Institute” and the “Pattison Collection”.) GRACIUS JOSEP BROINOWSKI Gracius Joseph Broinowski (7/3/1837 – 11/4/1913), artist and ornithologist, was born in Walichnowy, Poland, son of a landowner and military officer of the same name. He was educated privately then later, at the Munich University, he was a student of languages, classics and art. To avoid conscription into the Russian army, he migrated to Germany. At the age of about 20 years he migrated to Portland (Victoria, Australia), working his passage as part of the crew of a windjammer. Broinowski worked in the country for a few years then found employment working for a Melbourne publisher and later sold his own paintings. In about 1863, while on one of his many travels in eastern Australia painting landscapes and scenes, he married Jane Smith in Richmond, Victoria (her father was captain of a whaler). In 1880 he settled in Sydney where his work involved teaching painting, lecturing on art and exhibiting his own work at showings of the Royal Art Society. Also in the 1880s he began to publish illustrated works on Australian natural history, including; - illustrations of the birds and mammals of Australia, commissioned by the Department of Public Instruction, New South Wales, and mounted, varnished and hung on walls in many classrooms - "The Birds and Mammals of Australia"; a bound collection of illustrations with appropriated text - 1888 "The Cockatoos and Nestors of Australia and New Zealand" - 1890-1891, "The Birds of Australia" Broinowski died in 1913 at Mosman, Sydney, survived by his wife, six sons and a daughter. His son, Leopold, became a significant political journalist in Tasmania. WARRNAMBOOL PUBLIC MUSEUM & MECHANICS INSTITUTE Warrnambool's Mechanics' Institute (or Institution as it was sometimes called) was one of the earliest in Victoria. On 17th October 1853 a meeting was held where it was resolved to request the Lieutenant Governor of the Colony to grant land for the erection of a Mechanics' Institutes building. A committee was formed at the meeting and Richard Osburne chaired the first meeting of this committee. The land on the North West corner of Banyan and Merri Streets was granted but there were no funds to erect the building. The Formal Rights of the Warrnambool Mechanics' Institute's encompassed its aims and these were officially adopted in1859; "This Institution has for its object the diffusion of literary, scientific, and other useful knowledge amongst its members, excluding all controversial subjects, religious or political. These objects are sought to be obtained by means of a circulating library, a reading room, the establishment of classes, debates, and the occasional delivery of lectures on natural and experimental philosophy, mechanics, astronomy, chemistry, natural history, literature, and the useful and ornamental arts, particularly those which have a more immediate reference to the colony." The Warrnambool Mechanics' Institute opened its first reading room in December 1854 in the National School building at the corner of Banyan and Timor Streets. The Institute was funded by member subscription, payable on a quarterly, half yearly or yearly basis. Samuel Hannaford, the Manager of the Warrnambool Bank of Australasia, was the first Honorary Secretary of the Mechanics' Institutes, and an early President and Vice-President. He also gave several of the early lectures in the Reading Room. Another early Secretary, Librarian and lecturer was Marmaduke Fisher, the teacher at the National School. Lecture topics included The Poets and Poetry of Ireland', 'The Birth and Development of the Earth', 'The Vertebrae - with Remarks on the pleasures resulting from the study of Natural History' and 'Architecture'. In 1856 the Reading Room was moved to James Hider's shop in Timor Street, and by 1864 it was located in the bookshop of Davies and Read. In the 1860's the Mechanics' Institute struggled as membership waned but in 1866, after a series of fund raising efforts, the committee was able to purchase land in Liebig Street, on a site then called Market Square, between the weighbridge and the fire station. A Mechanics' Institute building was opened at this site in August 1871. The following year four more rooms were added to the main Reading Room and in 1873 the Artisan School of Design was incorporated into the Institute. The same year, 1873, Joseph Archibald established the Warrnambool Public Museum [Warrnambool Museum], however it deteriorated when he was transferred to Bendigo in 1877. In 1880, with Archibald's return to Warrnambool, the Museum was re-established and he served as Curator 1882-1897. In 1885 a new building was added to the back of the Mechanics’ Institute to accommodate the re-created School of Design, the Art Gallery and the Museum. It was officially opened as the Warrnambool Museum and Art Gallery on 26th July 1886 with Mr Joseph Archibald as Curator. In 1887 the Museum section was moved to the former court house in Timor Street (for some time the walls of the building formed part of the TAFE cafeteria but all is now demolished). In 1910 the Museum was transferred back to the original building and the management of the Mechanics' Institute was handed over to the Warrnambool City Council. The Museum and Art Gallery became one and housed many fine works of art, and the Library continued to grow. The building was well patronised, with records showing that at the beginning of the 20th century there were between 500 and 800 visitors. During World War One the monthly figures were in the thousands, with 3,400 people visiting in January 1915. The Museum was a much loved Institution in Warrnambool until 1963 when the Museum and Art Gallery was closed and the contents removed to make room for the Warrnambool City Council Engineers' Department. The contents were stored but many of the items were scattered or lost. The Museum has never been re-opened. When the original building was demolished the site became occupied by the Civic Centre, which included the new City Library. (The library was temporarily located in the old Palais building in Koroit Street.) In the process of reorganisation the Collection was distributed amongst the community groups: -The new City Library took some of the historic books and some important documents, historic photographs and newspapers. -The Art Gallery kept the 19th Century art collection and some of the artefacts from the museum. -The Historic Society has some items -The State Museum has some items -Some items were destroyed -Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village has old newspapers, Government Gazettes, most of the Mechanics' Institute Library (which included books from the Warrnambool Public Museum), ledgers and documents connected to the Mechanics' Institute Library, some framed and unframed art works and some photographs. THE PATTISON COLLECTION These books “The Birds of Australia” by Broinowsky, are also listed as part of the ‘Pattison Collection’, a collection of books and records that was originally owned by the Warrnambool Mechanics’ Institute, which was founded in Warrnambool in 1853. In 1935 Ralph Pattison was appointed as City Librarian to establish and organise the Warrnambool Library, as the Warrnambool Mechanics’ Institute was then called. When the Warrnambool Mechanics’ Institute building was pulled down in 1963 a new civic building was erected on the site and the new Warrnambool Library, on behalf of the City Council, took over all the holdings of the Warrnambool Mechanics’ Institute. At this time some of the items were separated and identified as the ‘Pattison Collection’, named after Ralph Pattison. Eventually the components of the Warrnambool Mechanics’ Institute were distributed from the Warrnambool Library to various places, including the Art Gallery, Historical Society and Flagstaff Hill. Later some were even distributed to other regional branches of Corangamite Regional Library and passed to and fro. It is difficult now to trace just where all of the items have ended up. The books at Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village generally display stamps and markings from Pattison as well as a variety of other institutions including the Mechanics’ Institute itself. RALPH ERIC PATTISON Ralph Eric Pattison was born in Rockhampton, Queensland, in 1891. He married Maude Swan from Warrnambool in 1920 and they set up home in Warrnambool. In 1935 Pattison accepted a position as City Librarian for the Warrnambool City Council. His huge challenge was to make a functional library within two rooms of the Mechanics’ Institute. He tirelessly cleaned, cleared and sorted a disarrayed collection of old books, jars of preserved specimens and other items reserved for exhibition in the city’s museum. He developed and updated the library with a wide variety of books for all tastes, including reference books for students; a difficult task to fulfil during the years following the Depression. He converted all of the lower area of the building into a library, reference room and reading room for members and the public. The books were sorted and stored using a cataloguing and card index system that he had developed himself. He also prepared the upper floor of the building and established the Art Gallery and later the Museum, a place to exhibit the many old relics that had been stored for years for this purpose. One of the treasures he found was a beautiful ancient clock, which he repaired, restored and enjoyed using in his office during the years of his service there. Ralph Pattison was described as “a meticulous gentleman whose punctuality, floorless courtesy and distinctive neat dress were hallmarks of his character, and ‘his’ clock controlled his daily routine, and his opening and closing of the library’s large heavy doors to the minute.” Pattison took leave during 1942 to 1945 to serve in the Royal Australian Navy, Volunteer Reserve as Lieutenant. A few years later he converted one of the Museum’s rooms into a Children’s Library, stocking it with suitable books for the younger generation. This was an instant success. In the 1950’s he had the honour of being appointed to the Victorian Library Board and received more inspiration from the monthly conferences in Melbourne. He was sadly retired in 1959 after over 23 years of service, due to the fact that he had gone over the working age of council officers. However he continued to take a very keen interest in the continual development of the Library until his death in 1969. References: Archibald Street, Discover the History of Warrnambool Streets, https://www.warrnambool.vic.gov.au/sites/warrnambool.vic.gov.au/files/images/Property/roads/The%20story%20of%20Warrnambool's%20streets.pdf Broinowski, Bird Books and Bird Art etc, Jean Anker 1979, https://books.google.com.au/books?id=B5TpCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA66&lpg=PA66&dq=the+birds+of+australia,+broinowski,+bird+books+and+bird+art&source=bl&ots=nQroxqePdY&sig=a3lnn-_FqB-ZcFAwqRYVK6Y7ZeM&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj5sL7-2JTSAhWIyLwKHaCHAJcQ6AEIUTAN#v=onepage&q=the%20birds%20of%20australia%2C%20broinowski%2C%20bird%20books%20and%20bird%20art&f=false Broinowski, Gracius Joseph, by A.H. Chisholm, Australian Dictionary of Biography http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/broinowski-gracius-joseph-3061 Chromolithography, Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromolithography Document, Flagstaff Hill, ‘Mechanics’ Institute Collection’: Books on Dean, Melbourne Rare Book Fare 2015, BookFare Newsletter #5, www.anzaab.com/newsletters/BookFare_1207.pdf Flagstaff Hill archives; document “Re: Ralph Eric Pattison”] Gracius Broinowski, Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gracius_Broinowski Gracius Joseph Broinowski, Design & Art Australia online, https://www.daao.org.au/bio/gracius-joseph-broinowski/biography/ Mechanics' Institutes of Victoria Pg ix, 283; Significance Assessment, Warrnambool Mechanics’ Institute Books, FHMV, 2010 The Birds of Australia by Gracius J. Broinowski, Libraries of Australia, Trove http://trove.nla.gov.au/work/12425131?q&sort=holdings+desc&_=1487246530281&versionId=210683608 The Birds of Australia, Broinowski; www.Librarything.com The History of Warrnambool, R. Osburne, 1887, p.72, p. 283 The Warrnambool Mechanics’ Institute – FHMV datasheet Warrnambool Art Gallery History, Warrnambool Art Gallery Foundation Information Booklet, http://www.wagf.com.au/cms/downloads/WAGF-Information-Booklet.pdf Warrnambool Museum and Art Gallery, The Argus, 29th July 1886 Web; The Birds of Australia (Broinowski), Wikipedia The Birds of Australia by Gracius J. Broinowski is a respected source of scientific information. It is also significant for its rarity and as an early Australian Work. The book is significant for its association with the Warrnambool Public Museum, which played an important educational and social role in the early settlement of Warrnambool and District. The book is also significant for its association with the Warrnambool Mechanics' Institute Library book collection, which is deemed to be of great importance because it is one of the few collections in an almost intact state, and many of the books are now very rare and of great value. The Warrnambool Mechanics’ Institute Collection is primarily significant in its totality, rather than for the individual objects it contains. Its contents are highly representative of the development of Mechanics' Institute libraries across Australia, particularly Victoria. A diversity of publications and themes has been amassed, and these provide clues to our understanding of the nature of and changes in the reading habits of Victorians from the 1850s to the middle of the 20th century. The Warrnambool Mechanics Institute book collection has historical and social significance for its strong association with the Mechanics Institute movement and the important role it played in the intellectual, cultural and social development of people throughout the latter part of the nineteenth century and the early twentieth century. The collection of books is a rare example of an early lending library and its significance is enhanced by the survival of an original collection of many volumes. The collection also highlights the Warrnambool community’s commitment to the Mechanics’ Institute, reading, literacy and learning in the regions, and proves that access to knowledge was not impeded by distance. These items help to provide a more complete picture of our community’s ideals and aspirations. The book is also significant for its inclusion in the Pattison Collection, a collection that as a whole shows a snapshot of the types of reading material offered to the local public at that point in time. The Birds of Australia Vol 5 - 6 Author and Illustrator: Gracius J Broinowski Publisher: Charles Stuart & Co Date: 1891 Label on spine cover with typed text RA 598.2 BRO Pastedown front endpaper has sticker from Warrnambool Mechanics Institute and Free Library Embossing added to spine “WARRNAMBOOL PUBLIC MUSEUM” flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, the birds of australia, gracius joseph broinowski, charles stuart & co, joseph archibald, warrnambool public museum, warrnambool museum, warrnambool library, warrnambool art gallery, warrnambool city librarian, pattison collection, ralph eric pattison, samuel hannaford, warrnambool mechanics’ institute and free library, mechanics’ institute library, victorian library board, warrnambool books and records, rare books, australian bird illustrations, australian bird text, australian natural history, the birds of australia vol 5 - 6

The Work “The Birds of Australia; containing over 300 full-page illustrations, with a descriptive account of the life and characteristic habits of over 700 species” by Gracius J. [Joseph] Broinowski – Australian author, artist and ornithologist - was created in 40 parts for subscribers and sold for 10s [shillings]., These parts were later published in six volumes, which were later published and bound in pairs to make three volumes, each of which contain two of the six original volumes, numbered volumes, “I”, “III” and “V” on their fly page, but numbered “Vols. I-II”, “Vols. III-IV” and “Vols. V-VI” on their respective spines. The volumes were all published by Charles Stuart & Co. (Melbourne, Sydney, Adelaide, Brisbane, New Zealand, and Tasmania). All of the beautifully drawn and coloured illustrations in The Birds of Australia were illustrated by Broinowski. They were printed using a new 19th century method called chromolithography. This is the art of making multi-coloured prints. The skilled lithographer would work from an original coloured painting and create a copy for every one of the many layers of colour used to build the painting. These layers were then printed carefully over each other to re-build the picture. Gracius J. Broinowski’s Work “The Birds of Australia” was described by Jean.Anker as “a semi-popular but comprehensive treatment of the subject” in the book “Bird Books and Bird Art: an outline of the Literary History and Iconology of Descriptive Ornithology” 1979. It may be that these books were donated to, or ordered specifically for, the Warrnambool Public Museum, due to the embossing on the spine “WARRNAMBOOL PUBLIC LIBRARY”. The acquisition of these books would most likely to have made 1891-1910, between the date the books were published and the date that the Museum amalgamated with the Mechanics Institute, which then became part of The Museum and Art Gallery. These three books were part of the collection of books belonging to the Warrnambool Public Museum, established 1873 by Joseph Archibald. The Museum moved into the back of the Mechanics’ Institute in 1885, along with the Art Gallery and School of Dancing. In 1886 it was officially opened as The Warrnambool Museum and Art Gallery, with Joseph Archibald as its curator. In 1887 the Museum section was moved to the former court house in Timor Street, with Joseph Archibald as Curator until 1897. In 1910 the Museum was transferred back to the original building and the management of the Mechanics' Institute was handed over to the Warrnambool City Council. In 1935 Ralph Pattison was appointed as City Librarian. He developed his own sorting and cataloguing system and organised the collection of books accordingly. In the 1960’s the Warrnambool City Council closed down the Museum and Art Gallery and the books and artefacts were redistributed to other organisations in Warrnambool. Each spine of this book set, The Birds of Australia by Gracius Broinowski, shows a space on which a previous cataloguing label may have been affixed. The volumes are amongst the many books at Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village that display stamps and markings from Pattison as well as a variety of other institutions including the Mechanics’ Institute itself. Some other Australian Libraries also include these books in their collections; Australian National University, University of NSW, University of Western Australia, State Library of Western Australia, Deakin University, Queen Victoria Museum and Art Gallery, University of Adelaide, University of Queensland, University of Tasmania. The Library of Congress and the University of British Columbia also have sets of these volumes. These books are considered as Rare Book; a set of Broinowski’s 3 volumes was advertised in Melbourne’s Rare Book Fair 2012, “for ornithological collectors”. (See the more detailed information below in “Warrnambool Public Museum and Mechanics Institute” and the “Pattison Collection”.) GRACIUS JOSEP BROINOWSKI Gracius Joseph Broinowski (7/3/1837 – 11/4/1913), artist and ornithologist, was born in Walichnowy, Poland, son of a landowner and military officer of the same name. He was educated privately then later, at the Munich University, he was a student of languages, classics and art. To avoid conscription into the Russian army, he migrated to Germany. At the age of about 20 years he migrated to Portland (Victoria, Australia), working his passage as part of the crew of a windjammer. Broinowski worked in the country for a few years then found employment working for a Melbourne publisher and later sold his own paintings. In about 1863, while on one of his many travels in eastern Australia painting landscapes and scenes, he married Jane Smith in Richmond, Victoria (her father was captain of a whaler). In 1880 he settled in Sydney where his work involved teaching painting, lecturing on art and exhibiting his own work at showings of the Royal Art Society. Also in the 1880s he began to publish illustrated works on Australian natural history, including; - illustrations of the birds and mammals of Australia, commissioned by the Department of Public Instruction, New South Wales, and mounted, varnished and hung on walls in many classrooms - "The Birds and Mammals of Australia"; a bound collection of illustrations with appropriated text - 1888 "The Cockatoos and Nestors of Australia and New Zealand" - 1890-1891, "The Birds of Australia" Broinowski died in 1913 at Mosman, Sydney, survived by his wife, six sons and a daughter. His son, Leopold, became a significant political journalist in Tasmania. WARRNAMBOOL PUBLIC MUSEUM & MECHANICS INSTITUTE Warrnambool's Mechanics' Institute (or Institution as it was sometimes called) was one of the earliest in Victoria. On 17th October 1853 a meeting was held where it was resolved to request the Lieutenant Governor of the Colony to grant land for the erection of a Mechanics' Institutes building. A committee was formed at the meeting and Richard Osburne chaired the first meeting of this committee. The land on the North West corner of Banyan and Merri Streets was granted but there were no funds to erect the building. The Formal Rights of the Warrnambool Mechanics' Institute's encompassed its aims and these were officially adopted in1859; "This Institution has for its object the diffusion of literary, scientific, and other useful knowledge amongst its members, excluding all controversial subjects, religious or political. These objects are sought to be obtained by means of a circulating library, a reading room, the establishment of classes, debates, and the occasional delivery of lectures on natural and experimental philosophy, mechanics, astronomy, chemistry, natural history, literature, and the useful and ornamental arts, particularly those which have a more immediate reference to the colony." The Warrnambool Mechanics' Institute opened its first reading room in December 1854 in the National School building at the corner of Banyan and Timor Streets. The Institute was funded by member subscription, payable on a quarterly, half yearly or yearly basis. Samuel Hannaford, the Manager of the Warrnambool Bank of Australasia, was the first Honorary Secretary of the Mechanics' Institutes, and an early President and Vice-President. He also gave several of the early lectures in the Reading Room. Another early Secretary, Librarian and lecturer was Marmaduke Fisher, the teacher at the National School. Lecture topics included The Poets and Poetry of Ireland', 'The Birth and Development of the Earth', 'The Vertebrae - with Remarks on the pleasures resulting from the study of Natural History' and 'Architecture'. In 1856 the Reading Room was moved to James Hider's shop in Timor Street, and by 1864 it was located in the bookshop of Davies and Read. In the 1860's the Mechanics' Institute struggled as membership waned but in 1866, after a series of fund raising efforts, the committee was able to purchase land in Liebig Street, on a site then called Market Square, between the weighbridge and the fire station. A Mechanics' Institute building was opened at this site in August 1871. The following year four more rooms were added to the main Reading Room and in 1873 the Artisan School of Design was incorporated into the Institute. The same year, 1873, Joseph Archibald established the Warrnambool Public Museum [Warrnambool Museum], however it deteriorated when he was transferred to Bendigo in 1877. In 1880, with Archibald's return to Warrnambool, the Museum was re-established and he served as Curator 1882-1897. In 1885 a new building was added to the back of the Mechanics’ Institute to accommodate the re-created School of Design, the Art Gallery and the Museum. It was officially opened as the Warrnambool Museum and Art Gallery on 26th July 1886 with Mr Joseph Archibald as Curator. In 1887 the Museum section was moved to the former court house in Timor Street (for some time the walls of the building formed part of the TAFE cafeteria but all is now demolished). In 1910 the Museum was transferred back to the original building and the management of the Mechanics' Institute was handed over to the Warrnambool City Council. The Museum and Art Gallery became one and housed many fine works of art, and the Library continued to grow. The building was well patronised, with records showing that at the beginning of the 20th century there were between 500 and 800 visitors. During World War One the monthly figures were in the thousands, with 3,400 people visiting in January 1915. The Museum was a much loved Institution in Warrnambool until 1963 when the Museum and Art Gallery was closed and the contents removed to make room for the Warrnambool City Council Engineers' Department. The contents were stored but many of the items were scattered or lost. The Museum has never been re-opened. When the original building was demolished the site became occupied by the Civic Centre, which included the new City Library. (The library was temporarily located in the old Palais building in Koroit Street.) In the process of reorganisation the Collection was distributed amongst the community groups: -The new City Library took some of the historic books and some important documents, historic photographs and newspapers. -The Art Gallery kept the 19th Century art collection and some of the artefacts from the museum. -The Historic Society has some items -The State Museum has some items -Some items were destroyed -Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village has old newspapers, Government Gazettes, most of the Mechanics' Institute Library (which included books from the Warrnambool Public Museum), ledgers and documents connected to the Mechanics' Institute Library, some framed and unframed art works and some photographs. THE PATTISON COLLECTION These books “The Birds of Australia” by Broinowsky, are also listed as part of the ‘Pattison Collection’, a collection of books and records that was originally owned by the Warrnambool Mechanics’ Institute, which was founded in Warrnambool in 1853. In 1935 Ralph Pattison was appointed as City Librarian to establish and organise the Warrnambool Library, as the Warrnambool Mechanics’ Institute was then called. When the Warrnambool Mechanics’ Institute building was pulled down in 1963 a new civic building was erected on the site and the new Warrnambool Library, on behalf of the City Council, took over all the holdings of the Warrnambool Mechanics’ Institute. At this time some of the items were separated and identified as the ‘Pattison Collection’, named after Ralph Pattison. Eventually the components of the Warrnambool Mechanics’ Institute were distributed from the Warrnambool Library to various places, including the Art Gallery, Historical Society and Flagstaff Hill. Later some were even distributed to other regional branches of Corangamite Regional Library and passed to and fro. It is difficult now to trace just where all of the items have ended up. The books at Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village generally display stamps and markings from Pattison as well as a variety of other institutions including the Mechanics’ Institute itself. RALPH ERIC PATTISON Ralph Eric Pattison was born in Rockhampton, Queensland, in 1891. He married Maude Swan from Warrnambool in 1920 and they set up home in Warrnambool. In 1935 Pattison accepted a position as City Librarian for the Warrnambool City Council. His huge challenge was to make a functional library within two rooms of the Mechanics’ Institute. He tirelessly cleaned, cleared and sorted a disarrayed collection of old books, jars of preserved specimens and other items reserved for exhibition in the city’s museum. He developed and updated the library with a wide variety of books for all tastes, including reference books for students; a difficult task to fulfil during the years following the Depression. He converted all of the lower area of the building into a library, reference room and reading room for members and the public. The books were sorted and stored using a cataloguing and card index system that he had developed himself. He also prepared the upper floor of the building and established the Art Gallery and later the Museum, a place to exhibit the many old relics that had been stored for years for this purpose. One of the treasures he found was a beautiful ancient clock, which he repaired, restored and enjoyed using in his office during the years of his service there. Ralph Pattison was described as “a meticulous gentleman whose punctuality, floorless courtesy and distinctive neat dress were hallmarks of his character, and ‘his’ clock controlled his daily routine, and his opening and closing of the library’s large heavy doors to the minute.” Pattison took leave during 1942 to 1945 to serve in the Royal Australian Navy, Volunteer Reserve as Lieutenant. A few years later he converted one of the Museum’s rooms into a Children’s Library, stocking it with suitable books for the younger generation. This was an instant success. In the 1950’s he had the honour of being appointed to the Victorian Library Board and received more inspiration from the monthly conferences in Melbourne. He was sadly retired in 1959 after over 23 years of service, due to the fact that he had gone over the working age of council officers. However he continued to take a very keen interest in the continual development of the Library until his death in 1969. References: Archibald Street, Discover the History of Warrnambool Streets, https://www.warrnambool.vic.gov.au/sites/warrnambool.vic.gov.au/files/images/Property/roads/The%20story%20of%20Warrnambool's%20streets.pdf Broinowski, Bird Books and Bird Art etc, Jean Anker 1979, https://books.google.com.au/books?id=B5TpCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA66&lpg=PA66&dq=the+birds+of+australia,+broinowski,+bird+books+and+bird+art&source=bl&ots=nQroxqePdY&sig=a3lnn-_FqB-ZcFAwqRYVK6Y7ZeM&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj5sL7-2JTSAhWIyLwKHaCHAJcQ6AEIUTAN#v=onepage&q=the%20birds%20of%20australia%2C%20broinowski%2C%20bird%20books%20and%20bird%20art&f=false Broinowski, Gracius Joseph, by A.H. Chisholm, Australian Dictionary of Biography http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/broinowski-gracius-joseph-3061 Chromolithography, Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromolithography Document, Flagstaff Hill, ‘Mechanics’ Institute Collection’: Books on Dean, Melbourne Rare Book Fare 2015, BookFare Newsletter #5, www.anzaab.com/newsletters/BookFare_1207.pdf Flagstaff Hill archives; document “Re: Ralph Eric Pattison”] Gracius Broinowski, Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gracius_Broinowski Gracius Joseph Broinowski, Design & Art Australia online, https://www.daao.org.au/bio/gracius-joseph-broinowski/biography/ Mechanics' Institutes of Victoria Pg ix, 283; Significance Assessment, Warrnambool Mechanics’ Institute Books, FHMV, 2010 The Birds of Australia by Gracius J. Broinowski, Libraries of Australia, Trove http://trove.nla.gov.au/work/12425131?q&sort=holdings+desc&_=1487246530281&versionId=210683608 The Birds of Australia, Broinowski; www.Librarything.com The History of Warrnambool, R. Osburne, 1887, p.72, p. 283 The Warrnambool Mechanics’ Institute – FHMV datasheet Warrnambool Art Gallery History, Warrnambool Art Gallery Foundation Information Booklet, http://www.wagf.com.au/cms/downloads/WAGF-Information-Booklet.pdf Warrnambool Museum and Art Gallery, The Argus, 29th July 1886 Web; The Birds of Australia (Broinowski), Wikipedia The Birds of Australia by Gracius J. Broinowski is a respected source of scientific information. It is also significant for its rarity and as an early Australian Work. The book is significant for its association with the Warrnambool Public Museum, which played an important educational and social role in the early settlement of Warrnambool and District. The book is also significant for its association with the Warrnambool Mechanics' Institute Library book collection, which is deemed to be of great importance because it is one of the few collections in an almost intact state, and many of the books are now very rare and of great value. The Warrnambool Mechanics’ Institute Collection is primarily significant in its totality, rather than for the individual objects it contains. Its contents are highly representative of the development of Mechanics' Institute libraries across Australia, particularly Victoria. A diversity of publications and themes has been amassed, and these provide clues to our understanding of the nature of and changes in the reading habits of Victorians from the 1850s to the middle of the 20th century. The Warrnambool Mechanics Institute book collection has historical and social significance for its strong association with the Mechanics Institute movement and the important role it played in the intellectual, cultural and social development of people throughout the latter part of the nineteenth century and the early twentieth century. The collection of books is a rare example of an early lending library and its significance is enhanced by the survival of an original collection of many volumes. The collection also highlights the Warrnambool community’s commitment to the Mechanics’ Institute, reading, literacy and learning in the regions, and proves that access to knowledge was not impeded by distance. These items help to provide a more complete picture of our community’s ideals and aspirations. The book is also significant for its inclusion in the Pattison Collection, a collection that as a whole shows a snapshot of the types of reading material offered to the local public at that point in time The Birds of Australia Vol 1-2 Author and Illustrator: Gracius J Broinowski Publisher: Charles Stuart & Co Date: 1890 - 1891Label on spine cover with typed text RA 598.2 BRO Embossing added to spine “WARRNAMBOOL PUBLIC MUSEUM" Pastedown front endpaper has sticker from Warrnambool Mechanics Institute and Free Librarythe birds of australia vol 1-2, flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, the birds of australia, gracius joseph broinowski, charles stuart & co, joseph archibald, warrnambool public museum, warrnambool museum, warrnambool library, warrnambool art gallery, warrnambool city librarian, pattison collection, ralph eric pattison, samuel hannaford, warrnambool mechanics’ institute and free library, mechanics’ institute library, victorian library board, warrnambool books and records, rare books, australian bird illustrations, australian bird text, australian natural history

Photo Album - 48 sheets bound with a white circular metal/plastic spiral bound within a heavy duty cardboard cover, with glued cover pages, plastic covered with an index sheet. Allows for three photographs per page. Not known whether the plastic envelope for each photograph is of archival quality. No Manufacture detail, though has a bar code on the bottom left hand corner of the rear cover. Cover is a reproduction from a painted art piece. Listing of photographs given on htd1800-RayMarshalbum.pdf Dates given when written on the rear of the photograph. Compiled by John Etkins from photographs given to him by Ray Marsh. 1990's to 1993 generally. Page Tram/s Notes – dates given when on rear of photograph. 1 226 Loading passengers – ex MMTB Annual Report? 1 957 City Circle 1 “hands off our trams” protest march 2 2100, 231 South Melbourne Depot – 10-4-1993 2 676 And many others – Hawthorn Depot 2 217 Princes Bridges 3 380, 104 St Kilda Road 3 106, 104 Essendon Depot 3 431 As a W1 4 1011 Fresh fruit tram, Preston Depot 6-12-1992, 4 824 Day in Day out, Brunswick and Victoria Parade 29-4-1993 4 722 Art tram 5 ? Advert tram – Imperial China 5 237 Stubbsy tram – TrippleM? 6 856 City Circle – with gas and fuel building – 31-7-1994 6 925 City Circle - with gas and fuel building – 31-7-1994 6 728 City Circle – 10-8-1994 7 246 Navy tram x three pics – July 1992 8 ? Gold tram advertising Georges 8 990 Advertising Telstra– 29-4-1993 8 749 Art tram? 9 990 NRMA - 1-3-1994 9 727, 215 Public Transport 9 920 Advert tram with a picket fence 10 Bendigo 21 Preston Workshops 11-3-1993 10 774? W5 being rebuilt at Preston – 21-10-1991 11 ? Bogie cable trailer at Preston – 29-4-1993 11 922 Interior view of a tram – being modernised – 11-3-1993 11 922 Preston Workshops 29-4-1993 12 1018 Workcare tram at Preston 1994 – 11-8-1994 12 774 Preston Workshops – 20-12-1993 12 8 Preston Workshops – 1-10-1992 13 380 Preston Workshops 13 8 Preston Workshops 13 20, 8 Preston Workshops 14 721 Preston Workshops 20-12-1993 14 ? Tramways painted artist tram featuring a driver and workshop 14 Traverser Preston Workshops 15 2110, 2106 Preston Workshops 15 ? Preston Workshops 15 2130 Interior Preston Workshops 20-12-1993 16 Set of three pics Elizabeth St floods – 17-2-1972 17 Set of three pics Elizabeth St floods – 17-2-1972 18 676 Turning into Swanston St from Batman Ave 18 676 Kew Depot – 10-11-1991 18 237, 676, 611 Kew Depot – 10-11-1991 19 214, 676 South Melbourne Depot – Kingsway 19 217 Spencer St 19 214 Advertising Kew Depot Open Day -8-12-1991 20 231, 676 Advertising Kew Depot Open Day -8-12-1991 20 Zoo tram, 256 Outside Kew Depot 20 214 Hawthorn Open Day with band 21 Zoo tram x 3 pics And horses, Kew Open day 22 231, 431 Kew Depot 22 892, 214 Kew Depot 75 years, Postcard – 1991 22 282 Kew Depot – with the name Monique on the tram and a lady standing alongside 23 238, 233 Kew Depot 23 236, 892, 282 Kew Depot – 25-4-1992 23 232, 236, 282 Kew Depot 24 2112 Port Melbourne line – with long grass – 11-4-1993 24 469, 2037, ? 2015 South Melbourne Depot 24 1018 or 976? Advertising a PTC Open Day – 20-10-1991 – In Swanston St - see Reg Item 1845 25 250 Bourke St 25 2100 Running into Preston Workshops 25 282, 1003 Collins St in the rain 26 Logo PMTT 26 Point cover With P&MTT cast into the cover 26 Foundation Stone Person reblocking in gold, a PMTT Foundation Stone 27 Logo Tramway Board 27 Logo MMTB logo 27 Logo Footscray Tramways Trust 28 217 And 2’gauge W2 – South Melbourne Depot – 20-10-1991 28 164 Somewhere? 28 1018 Advert tram – “Moro”, Preston flyover 29 V214 x 3 pics Kew Depot 30 611 Whitehorse Road, Balwyn 5-10-1991 30 976 x 2 pics Advert tram – have a red instead 31 610 Malvern Depot 31 138 (max tract) Flinders St 31 138 (max tract) Bourke into Spencer 32 844 Victoria Parade with R10 behind 32 264 With a TV interview being undertaken 32 2066 Elizabeth St – 29-4-1993 33 255 x 2 pics Derailed at Kew Depot 33 253 Derailed outside the Beehive Hotel 34 214, 892, 611 Re-enactment of Victoria Bridge to Esplanade service – 10-11-91 34 726 Art tram? – Swanston St with overhead trucks in background 34 10W Reblocking scrubber car at Brunswick Depot 1999 35 2085 At Preston workshops over an inspection track section 35 731 St Georges Road, road being rebuilt – Nov. 1991 35 Preston Jtn Junction at Workshops being relaid 36 1003 St Georges Road, Nov. 1991 trackworks 36 St Georges Rd Track being rebuilt – Nov. 1991 has temp track cross over 36 Victoria St Victoria St being reconstructed 6-9-1992 37 East Burwood Extension works – 18-2-1993 37 East Burwood Re-building crossover – 18-2-1993 37 Victoria St Victoria St being reconstructed 6-9-1992 38 19W, 16W Bylands – 5-12-1993 38 R10 Kew Depot 38 Workers Kew Depot pushing on a post 39 R10 R10 towing a B class tram- Royal Parade? 39 11W, 10W? South Melbourne Depot 39 Overhead Overhead truck at Kew Depot 40 Kew Depot Demolition works opposite depot 40 613? Malvern Depot on special tram 40 256 zoo tram Royal Park tram at Kew Depot 41 B class Bundoora line 1993 41 231, 611 Kew depot 75th anniversary tram 41 469, 287 Kew depot 42 510 Spring St into Bourke St – 28-4-1993. “42nd street promotion. 42 153 High St Northcote, Bundoora 42 611 Kew Depot, Nov. 1991 43 195? Simpson St siding – 25-4-1993 – 7 trams in all 43 646 Route 12, with fire station in background – Gisborne and Victoria 43 961 Burke Road, Camberwell, 10-8-1994 44 760 Art tram 44 938 Sam the tram, Flinders St 44 1014 Gilbert Road, West Preston, June 1994, advert for AGC 45 965 Daimaru advert tram, Swanston St 45 1018 Express post advert tram, Swanston St. 45 1024 Advert – lego exhibition – Swanston St 46 104 Camberwell depot 46 611 Looking towards driver’s controls from interior. 46 W1 Interior photo showing tip over seats 47 Cable car Interior photo – could be zoo tram 47 510 Interior, 28-4-1993 47 214 Kew Depot, night shot, Oct. 1991 48 246, 237 Kew depot, 13-9-1993 – Stubbsy and Energy Victoria advert 48 246, 231, 237 Kew depot, Navy, 75th anniversary of Kew and Fox Fm advert 48 2014, 2072 South Melbourne – tt line? Advert tram 49 59 And six other trams in front of Preston Workshops 49 1024 MMTB Christmas Tram, 1970 49 2001 Camberwell Depot 50 725 Preston depot area – tram has a red upper half 50 725 South Melbourne depot – now has Xmas decorations 50 1026 Bourke St, Christmas 6-12-1993 51 933 Victoria Parade shunt and other A class tram – Autumn 51 829 Art tram 51 39 Advert tram – Crime prevention 52 Connie Connie at night = has jeans on 52 1?? Has a MET inspector standing in front of number – Latrobe uni tram 52 611 Kew Depot 53 237 Fox FM Black Thunder tram at Kew Depot, August 1992 53 237, 611, 892 Victoria Bridge re-enactment – 10-11-1991 53 237 At Kew depot with 4 people, including Hugh Waldron 53 442, 10W South Melbourne Restaurant tram and works car 53 W2 At Wattle Park 53 School art Photo of students holding artwork on the zoo tram 256 at Kew 54 138 And many others 54 469 Launch of the Melbourne Tram by the PTC 54 School art Photo of students holding artwork on the zoo tram 256 at Kew 55 B2 Elizabeth St terminus, Christmas 1994 55 8 Z8 Swanston St, April 1993 55 504 Clifton Pugh – Preston Workshops 56 138, 180, 214 Hawthorn Depot display 56 650, 510 Hawthorn Depot 56 469 Camberwell 57 568 Bridge Road Richmond by cable tram depot 57 ? Advert tram – Falls Creek 57 995 Malvern Road, 18-5-1992 58 457, 217 etc Swanston St display 58 231, 611 Kew 75th Anniversary 58 682 Artist tram at Malvern Depot – 18-5-1992 59 1018 Country Road advert tram 59 8 Z class – decorated tram – Essendon Depot 59 947 Metland Safety Express – safety tram – Kew depot 60 101 x 2pics Decorated for RAAF 70th Anniversary 60 2082 Near East Preston Depot, with destination “Next Stop Mill Park” 61 475 After sale and disposal 61 585 After sale and disposal 61 651 After sale and disposal – Diamond Creek – 9-8-1994 62 386 After sale and disposal – Sunbury 62 590 After sale and disposal – Hall ACT 62 476 After sale and disposal – Kinglake 63 11W Bundoora Extension – track being opened 63 947 Metland Safety Express – safety tram – Kew depot 63 Model 2,3 2’ gauge model trams 64 Model 2 Ditto 64 250 After sale and disposal 64 293 After sale and disposal – Diamond Ck – 9-8-1994 65 246, 231, 237 Kew depot, Navy, 75th anniversary of Kew and Fox Fm advert 65 1002 Advert tram – Salvation Army 65 231, 29 Kew Depot 66 246, 231, 237 Kew depot, Navy, 75th anniversary of Kew and Fox Fm advert 66 646, 935, 1002 Kew depot 66 220, 60 Preston Workshops? 67 851, 814 Malvern Depot 3-9-1992 67 726 Malvern Rd at Glenferrie Road – 18-5-1992 67 237, 133 Victoria Parade 1996 68 814 and others Interior Malvern Depot – 18-5-1992 68 231 75th Kew depot anniversary at depot 68 231 75th Kew depot anniversary at depot 69 1024 Malvern Depot 10-11-1991 69 1011 Advert tram Melbourne City Toyota 69 106, 180 Swanston St 70 190, 568 Camberwell Depot 70 431 Flinders St – tram event 70 20, 138 Camberwell Depot 71 431 Flinders St – tram event 71 237 Fox FM Thunder Tram 71 2057, 2014 Elizabeth St, Vic Market 29-4-1993 72 676, 611, 892 Victoria Bridge re-enactment – 10-11-1991 72 Ceremony Victoria Bridge – mayor and others event 72 214 214 on the bridge 73 164 Lygon St – former outer circle line level crossing in view 73 841 Swanston Walk 29-4-1993 74 821 St Georges Road, April 1993 74 431, 231 Victoria Parade 74 217, 676 Passing Camberwell Depot 75 Oporto 018 Clarendon St 6-3-2003 75 3007 Albert Park – 7-3-2003 75 3001, 018, 3502 Docklands – 10-3-2003 76 Oporto 018 Docklands – 16-1-2003 76 Oporto 018 Flinders St 7-3-2003 76 3502 Swanston St at Flinders St -8-3-2003 77 16 Kew Depot, Jan 1991 77 112, 110 Bundoora 4-9-1992 77 738 Camberwell Feb 1991 78 1011 Thornbury Jan 1991 advert for City Toyota 78 101 Bundoora – RAAF tram 4-9-1992 78 814 Art tram – Swanston St August 1992 79 1024, 469, Z3 Preston Workshops – 469 as the Melbourne Tram – 9-9-1992 79 961 Malvern Depot 3-9-1992 79 242 Single line working in Victoria St 6-9-1992 80 781 Thornbury, the hump, Preston Workshops Jan 1991 80 2104 Preston Workshops 9-9-1992 80 2100 Launch, Preston Workshops 9-9-1992 81 5W + 1A 5 x W at Kew Depot 3-2-1991 81 676 Kew Depot 21-2-1991 81 873, 2016 Brunswick depot 2-3-1991 82 231 Kew Depot Yard – 21-1-1991 82 157, 158 Brunswick Depot – 2-3-1991 82 2057, 873, 158 Brunswick Depot – 2-3-1991 83 802 Art Tram - Franklin St from the signal box 2-3-1991 83 990 990 Evian advert tram, Franklin St signal box 2-3-1991 83 920 GIO Advert Tram with Bushels tea and Yellow Pages? Adverts 84 721 Art Tram, Franklin St signal box 84 976 St Georges Road, Jan 1991 – advert tram Capital society 84 731 St Georges Road, Jan. 1991 Art tram 85 10W Victoria Parade, Brunswick St, 1/3/1991 85 10W, 9 or 11W South Melbourne depot 85 10W Bundoora Terminus 4-2-1991 86 11W City Baths 86 10, 16 Camberwell Depot 6-12-1990 86 944 Glenhuntly Depot 18-2-1991 87 2011 Spring St – Princess Theatre, March 1990 87 294, 239, 277, 243, 259, 280 Kew Depot 87 296 Kew Depot 88 1015, 16 Batman Ave 19-1-1991 88 963, 948, 935, 996, 892 Kew Depot 3-2-1991 88 Victoria St Victoria St Richmond Reconstruction 6-2-1992 89 1014, 990 Batman Ave 19-1-1991 (Image added i5 and rear view added 23-12-2018, scanned for Dale Budd. 89 920 920 – GIO advert tram, 760 art Tram Collins at Spencer 17-10-1990 89 610, 611 Kooyong Station level crossing 30-12-1990 90 95 Royal Park, 15-2-1991 90 2057, 873, 158 Brunswick Depot – 2-3-1991 90 10 Camberwell Depot 6-12-1990 91 Bendigo 44 In Prahran and Malvern Tramways Trust Colours 1986 –Black and white photo. Listed 5-11-2016See note page 1 and on image 3trams, tramways, album, photo album, tramcars, the met, yarra trams, kew depot, brunswick depot, advertising trams, transporting art, preston depot, hawthorn, bundoora, st georges rd, victoria st, camberwell depot, tram r10, 8, 10w, 10, 11w, 16, 16w, oporto 018, 19w, 20, bendigo 21, 29, 39, bendigo 44, 59, 60, 95, 101, 104, 106, 110, 112, 133, 138, 153, 157, 158, 164, 180, 190, 195?, 214, 215, 217, 220, 226, 231, 232, 233, 236, 237, 238, 239, 242, 243, 246, 250, 253, 255, 256, 259, 264, 277, 280, 282, 287, 293, 294, 296, 380, 386, 431, 442, 457, 469, 475, 476, 504, 510, 568, 585, 590, 610, 611, 613?, 646, 651, 676, 682, 721, 722, 725, 726, 727, 728, 731, 738, 749, 760, 774, 781, 802, 814, 821, 824, 829, 841, 844, 851, 856, 873, 892, 920, 922, 925, 933, 935, 938, 944, 947, 948, 957, 961, 963, 965, 976, 990, 995, 996, 1002, 1003, 1011, 1014, 1015, 1018, 1024, 1026, 2001, 2011, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2037, 2057, 2057, 2066, 2072, 2082, 2085, 2100, 2104, 2106, 2112, 2130, 3001, 3007, 3502

Scrap Book - with printed cardboard covers - titled scrap book on outside and reproductions of newspaper clippings printed onto covers, 64 pages off white paper. Scrap book compiled by Neville Gower from Nov. 1992 to June 1997. Primarily consists of newspaper clippings glued to the pages involving the Ballarat Tramway Museum. Also contained are other items of relevant interest, such as BTM brochures. Pages number in pencil by Warren Doubleday 2/2001. Where relevant some items contained in this book have been separately catalogued to enable easier reference. Some items were already in the collection and are thereby reference with their registered number. Also contains registered items 1659, 1654 and 1655. Page Description of item 1 Newspaper clipping - 9/11/1992 - Reg. item No. 1105 Newspaper cutting - "New Life for old tram" - Courier 6/11/1992, p7 forthcoming recommissioning of Horse tram No. 1 at depot on Saturday. Gives details of horse tram and some notes on horse trams. 2 Newspaper cutting -"Where is this tram now", BTPS seeking information on the whereabouts of a former ESCo tram, photo taken in Sept. 1971 - See Reg. No. 1651 - Courier Heritage column 19/1/1993 Newspaper cutting "Collector enjoys his postcards of the past", Courier Heritage column 26/1/1992, about Andrews Kabia's collection of postcards. Has a photo of Bridge St. with a tram, c1950's. 3 Reg Item No. 1659 - Newspaper cutting - "SEC offers historic lake property for sale" 20/2/1993. Postcard - Sovereign Hill reproduction - purchased 2/1993, of Bridge St., looking west. Postcard - Sovereign Hill reproduction - purchased 2/1993, of Bridge St looking east - See Item No. 841 and image i4. Newspaper clipping of BTPS advertisement for 1993 Begonia Festival - Courier 3/3/1993. 4 Newspaper clipping "BUCpower on track" Courier 15/5/1993 - Ballarat University College tram pulling challenge to other schools. Has photo of BUC team lined up in front of No. 26. Ballarat Vintage tram brochures - 2 No. - Reg. Item 294.1 5 Lake Wendouree Caravan Park brochure - c1993 - colour photo of No. 26 at St. Aidans Drive. Registered item No. 1654 Newspaper clipping - "Horse drawn transport heritage" (11/5/1993) 6 Newspaper clipping - Courier 28/6/1993 - "New tramways video shows early Ballarat" - launch of BTM/BTPS video, sales details, quotes R.Gilbert. Has head on photo of No. 40 in Sturt St. showing Sebastopol. Postcard of four scenes of Ballarat, Steve Parish production, featuring BTM No. 27 in Wendouree Parade. Postcard - BTM issue - July 1993 - of three trams - see Reg. Item No. 1657. Separate copy of the cutting re video added 29-3-2016 from donation of Lil Butler - see image i3. 7 Postcard - Ballarat Victoria featuring 9 views of Ballarat, first one is of 27 in SEC late 1960's colour scheme in Wendouree Parade, operated by BTPS. - purchased July 1993. Postcard - Ballarat Vic Aust. - featuring four view of Ballarat, fourth one is of BTM 14 at crossing loop - purchased July 1993. Newspaper clipping - Courier 2/8/1993 "Tram Plan too costly" - quoting Dave Macartney about the costs of bringing trams Ballarat to Ballarat - took costly. Also quotes Ballarat Tourist Assoc. Secretary - Brian Whykes and Peter Hiscock of Sovereign Hill. 8 Newspaper clipping - Courier 28/7/1993 - "Major changes planned for lake" (page 1) and "Lake area changes proposed - Plan to narrow Wendouree Parade" - controlling traffic speed in parade. Newspaper clipping - Courier 21/9/1993 - "Council adopts strategy for lake traffic" - control of traffic in Wendouree Parade. 9 Newspaper clipping - Courier 3/8/1993 - "Lake changes will turn tourists away" - letter from R.A. Nelson about Wendouree Parade traffic control. Newspaper clipping - Courier 3/8/1993 - Council plan for Wendouree Parade - not one way traffic. Newspaper clipping - Courier 31/7/1993 - "Lake traffic strategy raises questions" - letter from L. Holloway. Newspaper clipping - Courier 8/8/1993 - "Strategy will improve access" - letter from Cr. Janet Dale. Newspaper clipping - Courier 15/9/1993 -"City defers action on Lake changes" - traffic plans deferred. 10 Newspaper clipping - Courier 31/8/1993 - "Plans threaten Lake amenities" letter from L. Holloway. Copy of letter from Warren Doubleday, Engineering Manager of BTPS to Andrew O'Brien and Associates re traffic study - dated 26/4/1993. 11 page 2 of above letter. 12 Letter from Jim W. Bell of the Golden City Paddle Steamer Museum Society to Neville Gower forwarding a copy of a submission to the Rotary Club of Ballarat South, in which they mentioned a extension of the tramline around Lake Wendouree. Newspaper clipping - Courier 30/9/1993 - "City's plans to narrow lake road dropped". 13 Poster from the Ballarat Tourist Association - for "Days of Discovery" 14-15 August 1993. Lists "Ballarat Historic Tramways" as one of the attractions. Loose item - Invitation from the "Golden City Paddle Steamer Society" to join as a member. 14 Newspaper clipping - Courier - 9/9/1993 - about the BTPS calling for nominations and forthcoming AGM Newspaper clipping - Courier - 18/9/1993 - about the BTPS launching a new book - "Ballarat's Heritage Tramway" - Stephen Butler holding a copy, with No. 12 in the background. Story by Lorrie Brown. (Image of this cutting added 28/3/2011) 15 Newspaper clipping - Courier 23/9/1993 - Reg. Item No. 1108 and 1109. Newspaper clipping - Courier - undated - c late 1993 - of SES challenging other people to a tram pulling competition in forthcoming Begonia Festival. Has photo of group pulling horse tram No. 1 with Frank Puls looking on. 27 in the background. Story by Dennis Torpy. 16 & 17 -copy of brochure (see Item 1108 for launch details) about Lake Wendouree, its history, ecology, wildlife and other attractions, including a drawing of the lake and locations. Printing sponsored by McDonalds. Produced by City of Ballaarat. 18 Newspaper clipping - Courier 30/10/1993 - review of book titled "Watch for Trams", published by Kangaroo Press . Has a photo of a Melbourne cable car set in Sydney Road Brunswick with bogie trailer. 19 Newspaper clippings - In Retrospect section of The Courier 30/7/1994 - 100 years ago - first shipment of electric light equipment for Ballarat in three weeks 30/7/1994 - 25 years ago - Retirement of Dan Irvin as tram depot foreman 17/9/1994 - 25 years ago - Council asking for abandonment of Ballarat trams 3/12/1994 - 25 years ago - hiring of trams by Jewish Youth group for convention 8/7/1995 - 100 years ago - construction of line along the south side of Sturt St between Ripon and Pleasant - related to horse tramways. 15/7/1995 - 100 years ago - Courier reporting completion of above tram line. 18/10/1994 - 40 years ago - retirement of H. W. Preston, former driver and first person to drive an electric tram over the line from Rubicon St. to Sebastopol. Newspaper clipping - Courier 31/12/1993 - School holidays supplement - and free travel voucher for Ballarat Tramways. 20 Newspaper clipping - Courier 4/1/1994 - Reg. item 1655 - "David Kellett's life on the trams" Newspaper clippings - In Retrospect section of The Courier 25/6/1994 - 50 years ago - raising of funds for patriotic appeal by Sylvia Mitchell - conductress 2/7/1994 - 50 years ago - Mayor the City of Maryborough complaining about Treasure Tram in Maryborough and raising funds for patriotic appeal. 21 Newspaper clipping - Courier 4/8/1994 about Transport Minister Alan Brown offering Ballarat surplus trams at a Ballarat Chamber of Commerce AGM. Newspaper clipping - Courier 6.8.1994 - Seaton Ashton in a column about the tram offer of Alan Brown and suggesting a line around the Lake. Newspaper clipping - Courier 6/9/1994 - Reg. Item 1132 Newspaper clipping - Courier 20/9/1994 - Reg Item 1117. 22 Newspaper clipping - Courier 5/10/1994 - Reg Item 1121 23 BTPS pamphlet (brochure) for tramway - see Reg. Item 300.1 24 Newspaper Clipping - Courier 16/3/1995 - advertising feature - Golden City Paddle Steam restored to service on Lake Wendouree and associated Gill Boat shed. Two separate items. 25 Newspaper Clipping - Courier 3/1/1995 - "Rosella searches for memorabilia" - heritage column - Lorrie Brown - has postcard photo of an ESCo tram turning from Sturt St into Lydiard St. North, taken from Post Office. Newspaper clipping - In Retrospect section of The Courier - 7/2/1995 - "Trams revived" - about opening of BTPS tramway, 20 years ago. 26 Newspaper clipping - Courier - 28/6/1995 - Inside/Out column written by Kim Quinlan - Interview with Peter Hiscock. Mentions that he is passionate about the restoration of tramways to Ballarat. 27 - Newspaper clipping - Courier - 3/6/1995 - item about Sunday Trading in Ballarat - Peters Hiscock saying entertainment needed and possibility of tramways in Ballarat. Quotes Warren Doubleday in item. Has photo of Peter Hiscock on steps of No. 27 - Photo by Ian Wilson. Part of front cover of "This month in Ballarat", July 1995, which has a photo of BTM No. 27. 28 Cutting from July 1995 Royalauto magazine - featuring a picture report by Ron Warren on the AETM museum at St Kilda. 29 Newspaper clipping - Courier - 27/7/1995 - about plan to improve Botanical Gardens, extension of tram tracks to Sturt St. Editorial Opinion column 28/7/1995 about the Botanical Gardens and extension of tramway. 30 Newspaper clipping - Courier - 18/8/1995 - "Public Views invited on Strategy Plan" - item by Angela Barlow, about CBD development in Ballarat. Mentions reinstatement of trams in Ballarat. Letter to Editor - 21/8/1995 - "Who asked for Lake Changes" - A. Simpson of Ballarat - questioning possible changes to the Botanical Gardens. 31 Newspaper clipping - Courier - 9/8/1995 - "City Plans to spend $67m in three years - pages 1 and 2 of Courier - notes reinstatement of "tramway communications" 32 - Brochure by City of Ballarat Central Business Area of the Strategy Plan for area - includes possible developments, - notes reinstatement of trams to provide a linkage mechanism between Bridge St and Central Square shopping area - dated August 1995. Newspaper clipping - Courier - 22/11/1995 - item by Ian Haberfield about the endorsement of the strategy plan for the CBD or CBA strategy plan. 33 Newspaper clipping - Courier - 24/11/1995 - letter to the Editor - about CBA strategy plans - by C. McDonald and noting a tramway to Sovereign Hill. Newspaper clipping - Courier - 4/10/1995 - Reg. item 1104. Newspaper clipping - Courier - 29/11/1995 - "Discussion on final gardens plan tonight" - Ian Haberfield - Gardens Masterplan - draft - notes tramway extensions Newspaper clipping - Courier - 30/11/1995 - "First look at Masterplan" for gardens, item by Andrew Lang. 34 Newspaper clipping - Courier - 19/9/1995 - School Holiday fun supplement advert page - includes an advertisement by the BTM noting operation of Horse tram on 1/10/1995. 35 Newspaper clipping - Courier - 12/12/1995 - Reg item 1450.1 Newspaper clipping - Courier - 11/12/1995 - Reg item 1449 Newspaper clipping - Courier - 1/11/1995 - "New face for City" item by Ian Haberfield - Ballarat Central area plan - quotes Chief Commissioner Vern Robson. 36 Newspaper clipping - Courier - 5/12/1995 - Reg item 1444 37 Newspaper clipping - Courier - 8/11/1995 - Reg item 1446 Newspaper clipping - Courier - 9/12/1995 - Reg item 1447.2 37A Newspaper clipping - Courier - 16/12/1995 - Reg Item 1452.1 and .2 Newspaper clipping - Courier - 23/12/1995 - Reg Item 1448 Newspaper clipping - Courier - 16/12/1995 - Reg Item 1453 Newspaper clipping - Courier - 21/12/1995 - "Railway shops would hurt CBD - letter to Editor from David Peile, about the proposal for a shopping centre at the railway station. 37B Newspaper clipping - Courier - 16/12/1995 - column by the Commissioner - Vern Robson, including a note about the BTM and its members and the work it does. Newspaper clipping - Courier - 28/12/1995 - Reg Item 1455 38 Newspaper clipping - Courier - 22/1/1996 - Reg Item 1456 Newspaper clipping - Courier - 27/1/1996 - Reg Item 1463 Newspaper clipping - Courier - 25 Years ago - suggesting retention of tram line by Brown Hill Progress Association around Lake Wendouree - no date. 39 Newspaper clipping - Courier - 27/1/1996 - Reg Item 1464 Newspaper clipping - Courier - 24/1/1996 - Reg Item 1457 40 Newspaper clipping - Courier - 19/2/1996 - Reg Item 1472 Newspaper clipping - Courier - 31/1/1995 - Reg Item 1468 Newspaper clipping - Courier - 30/1/1996 - Reg Item 1467 Newspaper clipping - Courier - 3/1996 - 50 years ago - Retirement of SEC office manager Mr. W. K. J. Dunstan. Newspaper clipping - Courier - 4/5/1996 - 25 years ago - replacement of trams mooted - announcement by Transport Regulation Board. 41 Newspaper clipping - Courier - 24/2/1996 - Reg Item 1473 Newspaper clipping - Courier - 6/4/1996 - 25 years ago - Brown Hill Progress Association seeking support for retention of trams around Lake Wendouree. Newspaper clipping - Courier - 18/5/1996 - 50 years ago - announcement that tram services would be curtailed as from next Monday due to power restrictions. 42 Newspaper clipping - Courier - 5/4/1996 - "Tram Study Close" - Ken Hill reporting that Peter Hiscock saying that study for tramway should get a go ahead within the next three months. Newspaper clipping - Courier - 26/2/1996 - Reg Item 1475. 43 Fax of newspaper clipping 18/5/1996 - of Reg Item 1493 - item fading. 44 Newspaper clipping - Courier - 8/3/1996 - Reg Item 1126 and 1494.1 Envelope, letter and newsletter from Labor Senator Barney Cooney regarding the 1996 Federal Election. Envelope has a photo reproduction of tram 14. 45 Newspaper clipping - Courier - 24/4/1996 - Reg Item 1496 Newspaper clipping - Courier - 17/9/1996 - "Tram submission lodged" - lodging grant application with Tourism Victoria for support for study. Newspaper clipping - Courier - 27/57/1996 - 25 years ago - about the hijacking of the tram in Barkly St. shortly before closure. Newspaper clipping - Courier - 9/11/1996 - 50 years ago - construction of a shelter at corner of Sturt and Drummond St. for tram passengers. Newspaper clipping - Courier - 22/11/2996 - editorial opinion - regarding roofing of mall and possibility of the return of trams. 46 Newspaper Clipping - Courier - 2/10/1996 - Reg Item 826 Newspaper Clipping - Courier - 11/12/1996 - "Live wires scare after bus hits pole" - item by Elise Sullivan, about a bus backing into a tramway pole in Wendouree Parade and breaking it. 47 Newspaper Clipping - Courier - letter from P.Kervarec - undated - c12/1996 - about Eureka Stockade area and removal of tram tracks. Newspaper Clipping - Courier - 16/11/1996 - Reg Item 1499 Newspaper Clipping - Courier - 24/1/1997 - Reg Item 1459 Newspaper Clipping - Courier - 21/9/1996 - 25 years ago - about Council decision for BTPS tram depot. 48 Newspaper Clipping - Courier - 16/1/1997 - Reg Item 1506 Newspaper Clipping - Courier - 10/1/1997 - "Hiscock wants hard facts to back tram sentiment" - discussing results of a survey of Ballarat residents and future studies. Newspaper Clipping - Courier - 11/1/1997 - Eureka Column - about trams coming back and a boon for car panel beaters. Newspaper Clipping - Courier - 11/1/1997 - 50 years ago - Council meeting and granting of fare concessions to children on trams and buses. Newspaper Clipping - Courier - 11/1/1997 -letter - "Keeping rail gates a matter of desire" 49 Newspaper Clipping - Courier - 10/1/1997 - Editorial - "A great idea but can we afford trams" - about the various studies and care should be taken. Newspaper Clipping - Courier - 10/1/1997 - cartoon - "Easy tram funding" - by Burns. Newspaper Clipping - Courier - 9/1/1997 - Reg item 1503 50 Newspaper Clipping - Courier - 7/1/1997 - Reg Item 1502 Newspaper Clipping - Courier - 13/1/1997 - Reg item 1504 51 Newspaper Clipping - Courier - 4/1/1997 - Reg item 1501 Newspaper Clipping - Courier - 14/1/1997 - Reg Item 1505 52 Horse Tram No. 1 pamphlet - Reg Item 1656 53 Newspaper Clipping - Courier - 3/2/1997 - "Sovereign Hill plans to re-invent itself" - report by Seaton Ashton on Sovereign's Hill's future planning. Newspaper clipping - Courier - 30/1/1997 - Reg item 1509 Newspaper clipping - Courier - letter from M. Buret of Wendouree suggest that Cobb and Co coaches be run in Ballarat. 54 - Newspaper Clipping - Courier - 5/2/1997 - "City decides in close vote to keep rail gates" - article on Lydiard St. North Railway Gates - article by Ian Haberfield. 55 - Newspaper Clipping - Ballarat News - 11/6/1997 - Reg Item 605. Image of Numerous - hand written notes of date etc on many of the cuttings.trams, tramways, newspaper clippings, scrap book, ballarat revival, btm, btps

This brand of starch was first manufactured in 1914, during the First World War, and continued to cover the other wars and military conflicts that followed. It was a time when Australian made was important due to the limited supplies coming from England and Europe. This was a period when the demand for "home grown" produce was at its peak. This was in a time when by necessity not by the "Buy Australian" campaign (of later years) which was the major factor for the demand of goods. It was in a time when starch was used in formal clothing to put a "crisp" or fresh new appearance for clothes. The important social more of "clothes make the person" was in vogue. This is a sample box provided by the manufacturer as an advertising and promotional method of prospective customers becoming aware of the product. This type of promotional avenue brought results and ensured that this type of advertising and inducement by manufacturers would be ingrained as a lasting avenue through to the 2nd Millennium This box which once contained starch powder is very significant to a rural semi isolated region because it clearly demonstrates that the social mores of the city were also entrenched into the rural population. The fashion of the day, even in remote areas, especially rural, were still a requirement to be maintained on certain special occasions. Cleanliness and stiff "upper lip" persona were just as important in the rural sector as in city and Government circles. Institutions such as hospitals, Government Offices and the legal personnel were bound by the fashion of the starch appearance (no dirt sticks to a personage with the "starch" look). Appearances, especially the first ones, were the judgmental image that remained in the uppermost regions of the viewer.This box with white writing and a "formally clad" man on a navy blue background held Australian grown maize based starch powder(1 LB gross). The package is made from 200 gsm thick cardboard. As production was made during the two World Wars 1914 to 1945 the promotion was heavily focused on Australian made and Australian grown maize.The front(has "Sample" on top) the rest inscriptions are the same on each cover both and back, "DANDY" below this a figure outlined in white on a navy blue background "hat and tails" outfit. Next to the sketch in smaller lettering" STRONGER THAN OTHER STARCHES. LESS REQUIRED". Below the figure "GLOSS" and below this in larger print "STARCH". Below this and in smaller print "CONTENTS. NETT WEIGHT 14 1/2 ozs" Below this and in smaller print "MANUFACTURED BY MAIZE PRODUCTS PTY LTD FOOTSCRAY VICTORIA" On one side of the box and in large white print on royal blue background"PURITY, STRENGTH AND UNIFORMITY." On the other side are the manufacturers directions. On the left side "FOR RAW STARCH" Underneath and in smaller print,"Dissolve in warm water a quantity to give the required thickness. Add bluing if required Stir before each using. On the right side "FOR BOILING STARCH" underneath this in small print"Mix well in small quantity of cold water to creamy consistency. Add boiling water, and stir constantly while cooking. Allow to cool, and add blueing if required. Underneath these two sets of instructions is "Make your consistency thinner than if using another kind of Starch"household starch, household cleaning, domestic laundering.

Awarded to Alan Bowers (A236814) who was a R.A.A.F. dental mechanic who serverd during WWII including service in Darwin, and then continued in the R.A.A.F. for some years after the end of WWII The Royal Australian Air Force (and all Commonwealth Air Forces) Long Service and Good Conduct Medal: Awarded to NCOs and ORs of the RAAF (RAF, RCAF etc) for 15 years service. A cupro-nickel plated medal, the obverse features the sovereign's head, the reverse features the crown and eagle emblem of the RAAF (and RAF). Officers are eligible for the award provided they have served a minimum 12 years in the ranks. The riband is dark blue and maroon with white edges. This medal ceased to be awarded in Australia in 1975 when it was replaced by the National Medal (and sbsequently the DFSM and DLSM) in the Australian system of honours and awards. http://www.heritagemedals.com.au/medals-1/service-long-service/air-force-long-service-and-good-conduct-medal.html History of the RAAF Dental Branch It took six years following the formation of the RAAF in 1921 for the first Dental Clinic to be established at Point Cook, Victoria. On 10th June 1927 Flying Officer James Carl Rosenbrock commenced work as an RAAF Dental Officer for the FlyingTraining School at Point Cook. As personnel numbers were still relatively small, Rosenbrock was also responsible for the dental care of all Victorian RAAF units, which involved treating members at 1AD Laverton, as well as Air Force Headquarters at Victoria Barracks in Melbourne. As Army Dental Officers were currently caring for RAAF personnel at Richmond, NSW, the Senior Dental Officer of the 3rd Military District in Victoria (SDO 3MD) requested through the military board that a similar arrangement be established, where that the newly appointed RAAF Dentist provide part time dental services to the Army units stationed at Queenscliff. This was seen as an effective reciprocal arrangement, with both units having a Dental Officer in attendance for, in total, around 3-4 weeks a year. Rosenbrock continued to serve as the sole RAAF Dental Officer until the middle of 1933, when the Air Board asked for his service to be terminated following ‘behaviour unbecoming of a RAAF officer'. He had borrowed several sums of money, of around 40 Pounds or so, from junior ranks on base (as well as from the Regimental Sergeant Major) and had failed to pay the money back. He was replaced by a fellow Victorian, FLGOFF Norman Henry Andrews, on the 18th Sep 1933, who went on to become our first Director of Dental Services, and was instrumental in establishing the organisations and conditions of the Branch that are still present today. Through a fair amount of persistence and hard work on the part of Norman Andrews, the RAAF Dental Branch began to expand from 1937, with the introduction of 2 additional positions, at RAAF station Richmond, and at the FlyingTraining School at Point Cook. This gave the RAAF 3 uniformed Dental Officers, which was expanded to 5 in the months leading up to WW2. 4 of these Dental Officers were based in Victoria and 1 at Richmond, with the other two RAAF units being cared for by the Army (as in the case of Pearce in WA) or by civilians (as in Darwin). With the sudden increase in RAAF personnel required at the outbreak of WW2, the number of RAAF Dental Officers increased dramatically, from 5 in 1939, 28 in 1940, 64 in 1941, 147 in 1942, 193 in 1943, 219 in 1944, and peaking at 227 in 1945. RAAF Dental Officers were required to work in a variety of locations, both in and out of Australia. Between 1940 and 1942 a massive construction programme occurred, with new dental clinics being established around Australia. Priority was given to aircrew training units in order to get these personnel dentally fit for operational deployment, but Dental Officers could equally find themselves posted to recruit depots, fixed stations, medical clearance stations, mobile dental sections, and RAAF and civilian hospitals. RAAF Dental Officers were posted to the large dental centres at Ascot Vale (Vic) and Bradfield Park (NSW) when first appointed, where they received military and clinical training, before being deployed to their needed location. Mobile Dental Units When Japan entered the war in 1941, the rapid deployment of troops to northern operational areas with less than ideal dental fitness was extremely high. As a result, the RAAF deployed a range of mobile dental units, either alone or with medical sections, to support the increasing number of isolated deployed personnel within Australia and overseas. There were three types of mobile unit used: a. Mobile Dental Unit – relied on using either a semi-trailer to get around or by building a surgery directly on to the truck chassis, and installing hydraulic chairs, units, x-rays, and laboratory equipment. They were able to move around between small units, such as RAAF radar stations, where they could plug into the local power supply and work immediately. b. Transportable Dental Units – used for stops of longer duration, where field equipment was carried in panniers from one unit to another by road or rail and housed in whatever accommodation was available at the destination. They were often carried within Australia on Tiger Moths and Dakota aircraft. c. Itinerant Dental Units – in some areas, the dental equipment was installed at the RAAF unit and the Dental Officer and their staff would travel from unit to unit, using the equipment available at each location. RAAF Dental BadgeAs the war developed in Europe, it soon became obvious that the RAF Dental support was not capable of supporting the increasing numbers of RAAF aircrew that were being sent for service with the RAF, with only enough Dental Officers available to provide one to every 2000 men ( instead of the preferred 1 to 600). As a result, the RAAF provided a mobile dental unit, fitted out in a caravan and pulled by a Ford V8 Coupe, to travel around England in support of RAAF personnel at various squadrons. Some degree of tact was needed to ensure that the RAF did not take this as a comment on the treatment they were providing, but it proved successful in maintaining a satisfactory state of dental fitness in RAAF personnel, and a second mobile unit was soon dispatched. They were also set up with a laboratory on board as well as the surgery, which was a major difference between the RAF and RAAF, as the RAF did not provide dentures for their troops (the RAAF would, providing they had served for 6 years). In 1943 the RAF was no longer able to provide Dental support to Australian troops in the Middle East, which resulted in the need for a transportable dental unit to be deployed from Australia. It functioned in a similar manner to the RAF, by moving from one squadron to another. It served in the Middle East and Africa, from Cairo across North Africa, to Italy, and eventually back to England to treat returned prisoners of war. GPCAPT Norman Andrews The growth and development of the RAAF Dental Branch owes a debt to one man in particular, GPCAPT Norman Andrews. As the second RAAF Dental Officer to enlist on 18 Sep 1933, Andrews became the principal architect of the structure and organisation of the RAAF Dental Branch leading up to and during WW2. Until early 1940, the RAAF Dental Branch was administered by the Director of Medical Services (Air), which placed it under the control of the Army Medical staff. The Army would provide their Inspector of Dental Services for advice whenever needed. In April 1940, the RAAF Medical service separated from the Army, resulting in the control of the RAAF Dental Branch shifting back to the RAAF. Andrews became the first Director of Dental Services, when the position was created in 1943 as recognition of the higher profile the Dental Branch was now playing in the RAAF Medical service. Until this time, Andrews's title had been as the Dental Staff Officer to the RAAF Medical Service. Andrews was responsible for the establishment of the war-time structure of the Dental service, establishing new dental centres at all major bases, creating mobile and transportable dental units, ensuring the continual growth of the Branch, maintaining professional development of staff through the establishment of a professional journal, and by organising renowned lecturers to speak at RAAF bases. He also believed in visiting as many dental units as possible to see for himself what conditions were like and to talk first-hand to staff in remote units. His itinerary during the war years, both in and out of Australia, shows a large number of trips in a variety of modes of transport in order to reach remote areas where units were serving. He was promoted to GPCAPT in July 1944, as the numbers of Dental Officers soon peaked at 227 towards the end of the war (1 GPCAPT, 9 WGCDRs, 60 SQNLDRs, and 157 FLTLTs). After the war, with the reduction in RAAF personnel required in uniform, the Dental Branch also reduced its numbers significantly. By 1947 there were only 18 Dental Officers serving (many part-time), with 1 GPCAPT, 1 WGCDR, 10 SQNLDRs, and 6 FLTLTs, and only 13 by 1950. With the decrease in Branch personnel numbers, the ‘powers to be' saw fit to reduce the Director of Dental Service rank to WGCDR, and as a result Norman Andrews found that in order to continue serving in the RAAF he would have to wear a reduced rank. This appears to have been a contributing factor in his decision to discharge at the relatively early age of 43 and accept an administrative job as Director of the Victorian Government's School Dental Service. Norman Andrews holds the proud honour of being the founder of the RAAF Dental Branch, which during the war was instrumental in educating servicemen of the importance of dental health and maintaining the dental fitness of troops in a variety of areas. Dental Orderlies (Assistants) The dental orderly mustering was first introduced in 1937. Until that time, medical orderlies were assigned to assist the Dental officer with their duties. As early as 1931 it had been noted by both RAAF and Army Dental Officers working in Victoria and Richmond that a lot of the troubles they were having would be solved by appointing a permanent Dental Orderly. Often they would find that the medical orderly they were assigned was a different one each day, and as a result the administration and work in general was very inefficient. By 1937, with the increase in Dental Officers to 3, it was realised that a Dental Orderly mustering needed to be created. Dental Mechanics/Technicians Before WW2, dental laboratory work was provided by civilian laboratories, as most RAAF units were stationed around metropolitan areas. At this time, service personnel were still required to pay for their own dentures, unless they had served for six years or had their dentures damaged during performance of their duties. In July 1940, mainly in response to the development of more remote RAAF dental units and the increasing demand for dental prostheses, the Dental Mechanic mustering was established. Unfortunately there was a very limited pool of civilian dental mechanics to recruit from, and as a result the RAAF set up a training school at Laverton (which was later moved to Ascot Vale) in June 1941 which conducted an intensive 6 month course in Dental mechanics. Dental mechanics were quickly in demand. In all fixed and mobile dental units at least 1 Mechanic was supplied for each Dental Officer, and indeed the RAAF supplied Dental Mechanics throughout all its deployments, something the RAF were unwilling, or unable, to do. Two grades of dental mechanic existed: the Senior Mechanic (with the rank of NCO), who was competent in all phases of laboratory work; and the Junior Mechanic, who could only handle routine work and not more advanced denture work. The progression to Senior required a further trade test in techniques including setting up, clasp-forming, casting and backing teeth. During the course of the War, two special courses were held for Mechanics. The first, directed at senior mechanics so that they could instruct others, was in 1942 when Acrylic Resin was first introduced as a denture base material, as an alternative to the current option of vulcanite. Later, towards the end of the War, a ‘refresher' course was provided for those that had served for the greatest period of time in order to allow them retraining in techniques that they had not practised during their service and which were common in civilian life. This included cast base dentures, crowns and bridges, partial dentures, and retainers. Towards the end of the War, a course was held with WAAAF trainees to train them as Mechanics. However, as the War was soon to end they never had the opportunity to progress within the mustering to become Senior Mechanics. The RAAF Dental Branch has survived 75 years of turbulence, with reviews of its viability occurring regularly every few years from as early as 1937. The Branch continues to provide excellent service to the ADF community and, despite reduced manpower, will continue to play an important role in Air Force Health operations. http://www.defence.gov.au/health/about/docs/RAAFDental.pdf40cm cupro-nickel plated medal, the obverse features the sovereign's head, the reverse features the crown and eagle emblem of the RAAF (and RAF). A23814 BOWERS.A. A. F.r.a.a.f long service medal, r.a.a.f good conduct, r.a.a.f. dental service medal

This Morse key (known as a BUG was used from 1944 until April 1946 by R.A.A.F Cpl. William Robert Moffatt 147459 Wireless telegraphist. Used at 55 OBU Birdum and Gorrie Wireless telegraphy stations, and sent over 1.5 million weather forecast groups in 15 months. Then used at 57 OBU Alice Springs Airport until April 1946"I bought thie unit in Melbourne in 1944 while training at Point Cook RAAF Signal school as a wireless telegraphist. With my posting to 55OBU (operational base unit) at Birdum and Gorric Wireless telegraphy Stations broadcasting weather forecasts in morse code for the south west Pacific area, it was used continually, sending over a million and a half weather forecast groups over 15 months. It ended it's career with Aeradio service at Alice Springs airport, (57 QBU), when I was discharged in April 1946." William Robert Moffatt (ex RAAF 147459, Corporal, Wireless Telegraphist.Morse key mounted on metal block with 4 electrical terminals / adjustersThe SUPER AUTO No.4634 Manufactured by Leo G Cohen Melbournebug, morse key, telegraphy

T & C Clark & Company Limited, based at Shakespeare Foundry, was founded in 1795 by Thomas and Charles Clark and grew to be one of the largest iron foundries in Wolverhampton. The firm was the pioneers of Enamelled Cast ironware and the founder Charles Clerk went on to became mayor of Wolverhampton in 1860 after also serving as a Councilor, Alderman, and later Chief Magistrate. The company exhibited many products at the International Exhibition of 1862 at South Kensington, alongside the gardens of the Royal Horticultural Society. The company was also awarded the silver medal for its products at the International Paris Exhibition in 1878. The company's product range included thousands of items, both domestic and industrial. T & C Clark pioneered the use of enamelled cast ironware, after taking out a patent in 1839 guaranteed to be free of lead or arsenic. In the late 1940s and 1950s the company produced acid-resisting enamelled cast iron boiling pans; steam-jacketed pans; stills; square and rectangular tanks; open and closed mixing vessels; flanged pipes; bends and tees; laboratory equipment; small scale plant; evaporating bowls; beakers; sulphonates; and glass-lined mild steel tanks for beer, mineral water, and food. The company is listed as enamelled chemical plant manufacturers in Kelly's 1962 Wolverhampton Directory, but within a few years, the company had ceased trading. The cooking pot is significant because it demonstrates one of the social norms founded by early settlers to this region. That close ties to "Mother England" and the "establishment" was still very strong. The social and family values from the British way of life was ingrained in colonial society until well past Australian Federation in July of 1900. It was not until the friendly "American soldier" invasion during World War II that the Empire mindset was slowly being eroded away. This change was the slowest in semi remote rural areas such as the Warrnambool district. Cast iron open fire cooking pot with lidCLARK & Co. PATENT", Below this a six star triangle with the letter "C" in the middleflagstaff hill museum, cooking appliance, camp fire pot, cast iron, t & c clark & co, drovers cooking pot

Results of a poll conducted in 1974 by Diamond Valley Council, regarding street construction in Greenhills. Streets include: Albion Crescent, Bruce Street, Carnon Street, Cairns Street, Crest Street, Mine Street, Pembroke Street, Hope Street, Forrest Street and Hebden Street.Concerns over street construction as Greensborough moves from a semi rural to suburban area.News clipping, black and white text.shire of diamond valley, greenhills, street construction, albion crescent greensborough, carnon street greenhills

Metal 'traveller's tickets' were issued at the gate of Mt. Fyans to itinerant workers and travellers passing through the district; they could be redeemed at the homestead for a meal and/or a bed for the night at the station workers' lodgings. Mt Fyans was a significant pastoral property in the Dundonnel area of the Western District. Originally settled in 1841 by Lachlan Mckinnon, by 1856 the Mt.Fyans portion comprised over 48,000 acres. By 1898 when it was sub-divided on the death of then owner William Cumming, it comprised 9000 acres. Pastoral properties relied heavily on a semi-skilled workforce whose numbers were seasonally varied - hence the need for itinerant labour. Circular metal 'travellers ticket' with hole punched through at the top for hanging/ storage. MOUNT FYANS 47 TRAVELLERS TICKETmt fyans western district pastoral property workforce intinerant swagmen

The Greenhills area of Greensborough is now a suburban area. These photographs, taken in the 1960s, show it as open bush and farmland. Greenhills is designated a 'semi-bush precinct' by Banyule Council, due to its vegetation and large blocks of land.Copies of 4 black and white photographs.Captions identify each location and the photographer.greenhills, semi-bush precinct, tom young, joy darling, greenhill road, albion crescent

This item was used by the State Electricity Commission of Victoria in their mess rooms for their workers during the construction of the Kiewa Hydro Electricity Scheme. The imprint of the year "1921" was to identify the year that the SECV was formed and relieved the private VHEC (Victorian Hydro-Electric Company). As the scheme was of such a huge, isolated and time consuming nature the feeding of its workers was quite demanding of cutlery and crockery. The use of sturdy English cups and saucers was essential. The period of construction and the isolation of the Kiewa Valley area placed heavy demand for "solid" crockery that could wear abusive handling. This period in time was one when crockery, whether for domestic or commercial use, was imported from "mother" England. This scenario was more so for governmental bodies such as rail, jails and electricity providers than domestic users. The influx of cheaper Asian crockery had not yet begun.This type of crockery item was used by the thousands of SEC Victorian staff and construction workers involved in the building of the Kiewa Hydro Electricity Scheme, over the extensive period (1938 to 1961). This was a period when Government bodies and other semi- government organisations were still tied to the "establishments" of "mother" England. It was a period in Australia's development when the Asian influence was very weak and the established ties to England and Europe was still very strong. The majority of heavy equipment and machinery was either made in England or Europe. Local/European expertise in dam construction and water management in alpine terrain came from migrants or specially recruited English and Europe specialists. The quality of workmanship from big steel manufacturing plants in England and Europe could not be matched from anywhere else in the developed world.This item is a white ceramic State Electricity Commission Of Victoria saucer (tea /coffee). It is made in England and is of strong and durable ceramic. The bottom cup indent is for either tea or coffee cups of a similar ceramic structure. The 5mm thickness of the ceramic suggests this saucer belongs to a commercial kitchen environment and not domestic. The indent bottom of the saucer is 5mm deep with a side curvature ratio of 2:5. The ceramic is glazed to a commercial standard (worker's mess). See also KVHS 0128 (B to D)The seal of the State Electricity Commission Of Victoria is imprinted on the top inside rim within a curved scroll. Snuggled within the borders of the scroll is a banner with the five stars of the southern cross and an arm with a closed fist projecting from the top with five lightning bolts projecting outwards. On the underside "Vitrified sold by Cafe & Hotel Supplies Pty Ltd Dunn Bennett & Co. Ltd. Burslem Made in England"saucer, plate, secv, state electricity commission of victoria, crockery, mt beauty chalet, bogong mess hall

This item was used by the State Electricity Commission of Victoria in their mess rooms for their workers during the construction of the Kiewa Hydro Electricity Scheme. The imprint of the year "1921" was to identify the year that the SECV was formed and relieved the private VHEC(Victorian Hydro-Electric Company). As the scheme was of such a huge, isolated and time consuming nature the feeding of its workers was quite demanding of cutlery and crockery. The use of sturdy English cups and saucers was essential. The period of construction and the isolation of the Kiewa Valley area placed heavy demand for "solid" crockery that could wear abusive handling. This period in time was one when crockery, whether for domestic or commercial use, was imported from "mother" England. This scenario was more so for governmental bodies such as rail, jails and electricity providers than domestic users. The influx of cheaper Asian crockery had not yet begun.This type of crockery item was used by the thousands of SEC Victorian staff and construction workers involved in the building of the Kiewa Hydro Electricity Scheme, over the extensive period (1938 to 1961). This was a period when Government bodies and other semi- government organisations were still tied to the "establishments" of "mother" England. It was a period in Australia's development when the Asian influence was very weak and the established ties to England and Europe was still very strong. The majority of heavy equipment and machinery was either made in England or Europe. Local/European expertise in dam construction and water management in alpine terrain came from migrants or English and European specialist. The quality of workmanship from big steel manufacturing plants in England and Europe could not be matched from anywhere else in the developed world.This item is a white ceramic saucer (tea /coffee). It is made in England and is of strong and durable ceramic. The bottom cup indent is for either tea or coffee cups of a similar ceramic structure. The 5mm thickness of the ceramic suggests this saucer belongs to a commercial kitchen environment and not domestic. The indent bottom of the saucer is 5mm deep with a side curvature ratio of 2:5. The ceramic is glazed to a commercial standard (worker's mess). See also KVHS 0128 (A,C and D) The seal of the State Electricity Commission Of Victoria is imprinted on the top inside rim within a curved scroll. Snuggled within the borders of the scroll is a banner with the five stars of the southern cross and an arm with a closed fist projecting from the top with five lightning bolts projecting outwards. On the underside "Vitrified sold by Cafe & Hotel Supplies Pty Ltd Dunn Bennett & Co. Ltd. Burslem Made in England"saucer, plate, secv, state electricity commission of victoria, crockery, mt beauty chalet, bogong mess hall

This item was used by the State Electricity Commission of Victoria in their mess rooms for their workers during the construction of the Kiewa Hydro Electricity Scheme. The imprint of the year "1921" was to identify the year that the SECV was formed and relieved the private VHEC (Victorian Hydro-Electric Company). As the scheme was of such a huge, isolated and time consuming nature the feeding of its workers was quite demanding of cutlery and crockery. The use of sturdy English cups and saucers was essential. The period of construction and the isolation of the Kiewa Valley area placed heavy demand for "solid" crockery that could wear abusive handling. This period in time was one when crockery, whether for domestic or commercial use, was imported from "mother" England. This scenario was more so for governmental bodies such as rail, jails and electricity providers than domestic users. The influx of cheaper Asian crockery had not yet begun.This type of crockery item was used by the thousands of SEC Victorian staff and construction workers involved in the building of the Kiewa Hydro Electricity Scheme, over the extensive period (1938 to 1961). This was a period when Government bodies and other semi- government organisations were still tied to the "establishments" of "mother" England. It was a period in Australia's development when the Asian influence was very weak and the established ties to England and Europe was still very strong. The majority of heavy equipment and machinery was either made in England or Europe. Local/European expertise in dam construction and water management in alpine terrain came from migrants and specialist recruited from England and Europe. The quality of workmanship from big steel manufacturing plants in England and Europe could not be matched from anywhere else in the developed world.This item is a white ceramic saucer (tea /coffee). It is made in England and is of strong and durable ceramic. The bottom cup indent is for either tea or coffee cups of a similar ceramic structure. The 5mm thickness of the ceramic suggests this saucer belongs to a commercial kitchen environment and not domestic. The indent bottom of the saucer is 5mm deep with a side curvature ratio of 2:5. The ceramic is glazed to a commercial standard (worker's mess). See also KVHS 0128 ( A,B&D)The seal of the State Electricity Commission Of Victoria is imprinted on the top inside rim within a curved scroll. Snuggled within the borders of the scroll is a banner with the five stars of the southern cross and an arm with a closed fist projecting from the top with five lightning bolts projecting outwards. On the underside "Vitrified sold by Cafe & Hotel Supplies Pty Ltd Dunn Bennett & Co. Ltd. Burslem Made in England"saucer, plate, secv, state electricity commission of victoria, crockery, mt beauty chalet, bogong mess hall