Two copies of a Carbon typed copy of a technical procedure - 6 pages - "Extract from the 'Proceedings of the Electrical Association of New South Wales' session 1910 - 11" - giving advice on the location of Trolley Wire" giving the guide on how to locate trolley wire on curves and junctions, gives formulas, positioning at frogs, notes regarding various cars and trolley wire height includes notes on cross falls of track, a table of aluminium copper alloys - bending strength and failure modes. Consists of five pages with two blue print drawing. Each page has been scanned the blue print drawings reversed imaged as well. 4768.2 - blue print drawing showing references in the various formulas etc used. 4768.3 - ditto showing tracking for four wheeled and bogie cars and other diagrams for turnouts, frog locations and frog angles. BTPS Number "219". "226" in ink on left hand bottom of first pagetrams, tramways, overhead, trolley wire, points

The cadastral map showing land under the control of the City of Brighton in 1962.map, plan, foreshores, sndringham, hampton, beaumaris, cheltenham, department of lands and survey, cartographic material, moorabbin, black rock, street map, city of sandringham, board of lands and works

Kew became a separate municipality in 1860.The plaque commemorates that event. It was once located on the rotunda in the Alexandra Gardens in Kew.Important commemorative plaque signifying an important event in Kew's history.Brass plaque, originally attached to the first rotunda in the Alexandra Gardens in Kew, commemorating the Jubilee of Kew in 1910.Erected by / Public Subscription to Mark / The Jubilee of the Municipality of Kew / Opened by Sir Thos. Gibson Carmichael / Bart. K.C.M.G / Governor of Victoria / 8th Decr. 1910. / H.H. Harrison, Town Clerk / J.F. McCrae, Mayorjubilee of kew, rotunda, alexandra gardens, kew

Streets and drains were the basic infrastructure problems for Kew in the 1880s. Decent streets and drains were fundamental to the quality of life of the residents. Without drainage, streets became muddy, boggy and sometimes impassable. Pools and puddles of stagnant water became smelly. The run off water, mixed with human and animal wastes, because there was no sewerage, became a health hazard. Streets and drains then became what were known as 'a nuisance'. Kew suffered from bouts of typhoid fever during the 1880s. Derrick Street was a private street on the margin of the business district of Kew and a well-used thoroughfare. We hear first about Derrick Street when the ratepayers applied to Council to have the street 'taken over' in January 1881. The Council agreed, after much debate, but ratepayers had to pay half the costs. The argument of the majority of the Council was that there was an established policy that ratepayers of private streets either had to hand over the street fully-formed or pay half the costs if Council did the work. It was felt that to make an exception for Derrick Street would create a precedent for ratepayers of other private streets. On the other hand the ratepayers, and a minority of Council, believed that there were extenuating circumstances in the case of Derrick Street. They believed that the costing by the Borough Surveyor was excessive. They felt the Council was partly responsible for the state of the street due to a channel on Bulleen Road, which deposited sand in the street. The Council had also put in some kerbing at the entrance to the street. Finally, the ratepayers believed that the street had become an important and convenient thoroughfare in Kew, and thus should be an exception to the policy on private streets. In the end a decision was delayed to allow the ratepayers to drain and form the street themselves. And there the matter stood till September 1882, when Miss Reilly complained about rubbish on a block of land in Derrick Street. So, in October 1882 the Council agreed to take over and form the street with the ratepayers paying half the costs. The ratepayers did not want to pay, so the argument continued in Council into 1883. There was a standoff for a further 18 months, until the problem could no longer be ignored. In October 1884 the Inspector of Nuisances and the Health Officer reported that Derrick Street was a health hazard as there was no drainage outlet for waste water. These reports changed the status of the problem of Derrick Street. It became an issue of public health, and thus the Council, acting as the Local Board of Health, had power to prepare plans and order the ratepayers to drain the street and pay all the costs, or let the Council do the work and charge ratepayers half the costs of the works. By April 1885, the time for ratepayers to complete the works themselves had expired, so the Council proceeded with the work and required ratepayers to pay for their share of the costs. All ratepayers had paid by the end of April except Mr Whiddycombe, who refused to pay. Mr Whiddycombe was warned to pay in October 1885. Legal action was taken against him in November. The Council lost the case on technical grounds. The Council, acting as the Local Board of Health, relaunched the legal action and won. The last we hear of Derrick Street is that seven day’s notice was given to Derrick Street ratepayers to pay for the drainage works in May 1887. We presume that Mr Whiddycombe paid. (Research: Andrew Frost)Rare and historic publication issued by the Board of Health in the Borough of Kew in 1885 to residents of Derrick street regarding the need for proper drainage for the purpose of improving public health.Printed formal notice sent by the Board of Health of the Borough of Kew to landowners in Derrick Street, Kew. The notice advised the owners that they were required to form and drain the street according to the levels and specifications approved by the Board. The letter was sent on January 23rd 1885, and signed by the Inspector of Nuisances.borough of kew -- greater melbourne (vic.), council notices -- public health, derrick street -- kew (vic.)

Glen Eira has a long history of association with various heraldic forms. From its early years the municipality of Caulfield had used the armorial bearings of the Caulfield Family (the Charlemonts of Castle Caulfield) to represent the roads board and later the town and city. In 1969 Caulfield City Council began planning to apply for an official coat of arms for the City. In 1974 Horace Hall, a Balwyn North resident and member of the Heraldry Society in London advised Council that the current usage was illegal, and that the Houston family, current owners of the Caulfield Arms could take legal action against Council for 'usurping their arms'. Mr Hall was commissioned to develop new heraldry for the City, and in conjunction with J. P. Brooke Little at the College of Arms, London, he prepared an acceptable design for Caulfield's Coat of Arms. The Council paid an additional sum to have a standard painted on the Letters Patent and the municipality's new coat of arms was drawn up in June 1975. The Coat of Arms retains a number of heraldic elements from the original Caulfield family insignia, including the dragons, the colours and the elements of the shield. The newly registered coat of arms and Letters Patent document for the granting of arms was presented at a civic service to mark the granting of armorial ensigns and the city banner to the City of Caulfield on the 1st May 1977. Significant elements of the coat of arms granted by these Letters Patent are as follows: The motto 'Labore Vinces' translates to 'By our labours we will conquer'. The helmet represents the rank of the owner. Public authorities are granted an esquire's helmet. The brickwork on the crest is a recognised emblem of local government. The Letters Patent also display a banner and a badge, both official symbols of the City of Caulfield. The badge, which is displayed on the banner as well as on its own, features a bridled horse. This represents the importance of racing, the Caulfield racecourse and the Caulfield cup to the municipality. These letters patent officially proclaim the granting of the coat of arms to the City of Caulfield. They are highly significant to the City of Glen Eira as they are the primary document that signifies the official and ceremonial heraldic powers of the Coat of Arms of the City of Caulfield. Mounted Letters Patent illuminated document for the Grant of Arms to the City of Caulfield presented on 1st May, 1977. Hand written and hand painted on cream coloured parchment using different coloured inks, mainly black, blue, red and gouache and gold paint. The bottom edge is folded up over itself approx. 45mm revealing the flesh side of the parchment, which displays black ink signatures and three sets of two horizontal slits that hold three blue ribbon. The ribbons support three wax seals in round, gold coloured metal cases held by the wax through slots in the casing. Although covered by the cap top, each wax seal within displays a different flag emblem with a crown on top, surrounded by a ring of text (difficult to read), noted when the cases were opened during conservation treatment. See attached transcription.arms, symbol, heraldry, glen eira, council, caulfield

Compiled from articles submitted by member societies of the Association [regional] Historical Societies. A collection of stories about holidays, camping, picnics, sporting carnivals and more. How people enjoyed their leisure time n the early 1900's. Empire Day train services to Surrey Hills 24th May 1907 by Jack McLean is of particular local interest on page 23.A collection of stories about holidays, camping, picnics, sporting carnivals and more. How people enjoyed their leisure time n the early 1900's. Empire Day train services to Surrey Hills 24th May 1907 by Jack McLean is of particular local interest on page 23.scouts, doncaster, empire day, surrey hills, 1907, (mr) jack mclean, trains, box hill, sports and recreations

Faded purple hardcover book, A Handbook of the Destructive Insects of Victoria by C. French, F.L.S., F.R.H.S., with gold lettering for title and author. Delicate brown and white floral endpapers. Describes pest insects of Victoria. Coloured illustrated plates throughout as well as black and white illustrations.. Has an added yellow flap to title page - With the Compliments of the Secretary for Agriculture. non-fictionA non fiction handbook describing pest insects of Victoria published by the Victorian Department of Agriculture.insects, pest control, entomology victoria

A brown hardcover handbook with the title printed in gold lettering on the front cover Handbook of the Destructive Insects of Victoria Part II by C. French, F.L.S., F.R.H.S., Government entomologist with the price 2/6. at the bottom right hand corner. The spine has the title and author printed in gold. T. Sebire March 29th 1894 is written in black ink on the top right of the title and contents pages. There are coloured plates and black and white illustrations, an appendix and drawings of various pumps and equipment required for use. Loose pages, some tears, and tanning is noted. 222p. non-fictionA handbook of the destructive insects of Victoria with notes on the methods to be adopted to check and extirpate them with useful diagrams and illustrations of machines and pumps and the plants.agriculture, pest control, entomology

maps. p.250.non-fictionA report by the Board of Inquiry into the Victorian land transport system in the years 1971 to 1972.land transport - victoria - report, railroad operations - victoria - history

Ill, p.58.non-fictionSouvenir booklet on aspects of the opening of the Sydney to Melbourne standard gauge line in 1962railways - australia - history, railway gauge - australia

Report - 42 pages, + 6 maps, printed on foolscap and folded map sheets, edge stapled titled "Report of the Royal Commission on the matter of Uniform Railway Gauge" - dated 12/10/1921. Looks at the Australian railway system and makes recommendation for a uniform gauge for the rail system, technical issues, change of gauge, rollingstock, costs and existing system maps.Has in top right hand corner a stamp "Received Nov. 18, 1921"trams, tramways, railways, gauge

Report - 16 pages - "Report from the Committee of Public Accounts of the Melbourne and Metropolitan Tramways Board", dated 6/11/1958, centre stapled. Gives an outline history of the Board, Commonwealth Grants, Northcote Tramway, earnings invested, the board's submissions, expenditure on cable trams prior to being vested in the Board, accounting practices and the Act, balance sheets, the 1928 Act and suggested changes, conclusions and recommendations. Note: This document is available as a pdf on the Parliament of Victoria website.trams, tramways, tramways, cable trams, finances, conversion, costs

Pamphlet - part colour two fold for the launch of the Transport Art Mural and the Cavalcade of Transport on 30/1/1978, features a reproduction of the Mural, details of the Mural itself, the Artist Harold Freedman and the programme for the events.trams, tramways, cavalcade, state government, spencer st, mural, southern cross station

A journal of the MacFie Clan Society of Australia of which Peter McPhee was President.non-fictionA journal of the MacFie Clan Society of Australia of which Peter McPhee was President.mcphee peter

This plan of land allotments for sale indicates the property once owned by the Bacchus family in and around the township area of Bacchus Marsh. The Bacchus family sold their property in Bacchus Marsh to John Aitkins and Robert Nalder Clarke in March 1851. Aitkins and Clarke kept the property for a number of years until April 1856 when these allotments were put up for sale.This is a very early land sales plan for the township of Bacchus Marsh and it therefore provides some clues as to how the early urban development of the township took place. Upon seeing the map in 1911 Bacchus Marsh Express newspaper editor Christopher Crisp wrote "The sale appears to have created the present township, which had a nucleus in earlier times further east", Express, 30 September, 1911, page 3.A single page paper plan showing allotments of land for sale. The subdivided shown was owned by John Aitkins and Robert Nalder Clarke, but previously owned by the Bacchus Family and was in and around their Manor House (Mansion) property in Bacchus Marsh.There are 5 portions of land further divided into numerous small portions. The land for sale is bounded by the present day streets of Main Street, Young Street, McFarland Street, Morton Streets, Crook Street, and part of the eastern section extends to the Lerderderg River. The plan is pasted into a bound volume containing 76 maps or plans in total. BMDHS Loc: AR/B12/S4 Bacchus Marsh Township and Nearby Districts Maps Volume In-house Digital copies: BMDHS, Computer Network: Maps\Bacchus Marsh Township and Nearby Districts Maps VolumeHeading: Plan of the first portion of land. The property of Messers Atkins and Clarke situate at Bacchus Marsh. To be sold by W.M. Tennent & Co. at the Mansion on the Ground on Saturday the 19th April 1856. Below heading: Jas Ferguson, Lithographer On upper right side: Subdivided by R.C. Bagot London and Liverpool Chambers, Melbourne.bacchus marsh victoria maps, bacchus family, land sales, manor house bacchus marsh

Lower Main Street. Showing 2 carts, 1 wagons and a cyclist at the intersection of Lower Main Barnes and Scallan Streets. Federation light in to the left of photo. c1905.Sepia post card of 3 horse drawn vehicles and a man on a bicycle at the intersection of lower Main - Barnes - Scallan and Main Street. On the left is a federation light structure behind the horse drawn wagon and adjacent to cyclist.Lower Main St Stawell No 22 on the front and The "Merle Studio" Main Street on the back.stawell transport streetscape

A poignant poem by CJ Dennis about Anzac soldiers from World War 1. The date was located from Trove. The Army of the West BY C. J. DENNIS HERE was tramping, a tramping, a tramp of many feet. The young men, the strong men were marching in the street, Marching for a new land, at the Old World's call, With the sun upon their faces — straight lads and tall, The chosen of a leal land that yielded of her best. "Pack your kit," the soldier said, "for the ships sail West," Then Anzac, oh, Anzac! A new name on the tongue — A proud name and a precious name to mark the valiant young — The valiant young who went so gay across a troubled sea, The glorious young who slept so deep upon Gallipoli. There was tramping, a tramping, a tramp of weary feet. The spent men, the worn men, were marching in the street- Marching to the wild cheers, home at last from war, With a wisdom on their faces that we had not known before: Wisdom of the veteran, earned at our behest, "Now sound the call," the soldier said, "for the boys gone West." But Anzac, oh, Anzac! Dearly they bought the name Who lit upon Gallipoli that everlasting flame — The flame to light the path for men who live beyond their day; While in the West the glory grows, as soldiers drift away. There is tramping, a tramping, a tramp of steady feet. The grey men, the grave men are marching in the street; And maimed men and blind men and shattered men are here. But many a man he marches not who marched last year. Gathered to his comrades, to the Army of the Blest. "Close up the ranks," the soldier said, "for the boys march West." But Anzac, oh, Anzac! Surely no day shall come When that fame shall not be quickened in the roll of every drum; In the call of every bugle let the name be vibrant yet, In a great land of strong men — who never shall forget. There yet will be a tramping, a tramp of dwindling feet, As the last old, old men come marching down the street; Marching now with memories, phantoms at their side, To the cheering of their strong sons inheriting their pride; Inheriting a shining gift won in a bloody quest, "Harkl" the aged soldier says. "The bugles call us West." Then Anzac! Anzac! Oh, what a mighty cry- When that great hymn of greeting goes shouting down the sky, As the last recruit comes marching to the singing of the rest, And the last man answers roll-call in the Army of the West. It was in a folder of documents about the history of Legacy. Appears to have been mostly compiled by Legatee Cyril Smith as he has many hand written notes on miscellaneous pieces of paper (some are envelopes addressed to him). Some notes were typed up into a summary of the History of Legacy. Also documents relating to the first time Legacy approached the public for donations in September 1956, including newspaper articles that were reprinted, a schedule of information that was approved to be released to the press, and a list of potential donors that was circulated to Legatees in the hope they could contact the ones they knew personally or professionally. The documents from this folder have been added in seperate records (see 01262 to 01282). The folder was part of an attempt to capture history of Legacy, generally from the 1950s.The documents provide an insight into the working of Legacy, especially in the 1950s. Legatee Cyril Smith and others were detailing their experiences and knowledge for the future. This poem might have been included for its portrayal of Anzacs.A poem by CJ Dennis printed in a newspaper.history, world war one, poems, poetry

Batch of collected "The Met" paper travel card type tickets of various types with dates / months around the edges of the tickets. 1 - 6 No. "60 Plus" travel tickets - days and months - $1.00, for 1989. 2 - 1 No. "Anywhere Travelcard", for March 1985, $1.70 3 - 1 No. "Zone 1 Daily Adult" for 1990/1991 - $2.90 - circular type The Met logo 4 - 1 No. "Zone 1 Daily Adult" - no date, has the arrow type The Met logo. 5 - 1 No. "Zone 1 two hour Adult" - no date, no price, has the arrow type The Met logo. 6 - 2 No. "Zone 2, three hour Adult" - January / February 1991 - $1.10. 7 - 2 No. "Zone 2, three hour Adult Emergency", May / June 1990 - $1.50. 8 - 2 No. "Zone 1, three hour Adult Emergency", March / April no year, $2.00 9 - 1 No. as above, July 1990 - $2.00. 10 - 1 No. "Zone 1, three hour, August/Sept. 1990 $1.40 11 - 1 No. - as above - Sept/Oct. 1990 $1.60 12 - 1 No. - as above - Nov/Dec. 1990 $1.60 13 - 4 No. - as above - Jan/Feb. - 1991 $1.60 14 - 3 No. - as above - Feb/Mar - 1991 $1.60 15 - 3 No. - as above - April/May 1991 - $1.80trams, tramways, the met, tickets

Metal gift box or tin, contained within a black card cover with Yarra Trams name on the outside. The Gift box or tin, with lid, has the words "Celebrating our first year together", with the Keolis Downer EDI Rail logo and Yarra Trams logo. The box contains a silver coloured metal torch, with LED bulbs fitted with a cotton hand strap. Three AAA size batteries by Ninghai Hengjui Battery Co. contained within the dark grey foam holder. The torch has been printed with the Yarra Trams logo. Folded with in the box is a 10 folded card giving the achievements of the first year (from 30 Nov. 2009) to Nov. 2010. Printed in full colour.trams, tramways, yarra trams, tramtracker, myki, keolis

Grey covered paperback book "Report of Department of Agriculture for year 1907-10" Victoria Australiaagriculture, reports, statistics, victoria

A history of gold discovery in VictoriaPaperback. Gold front cover. Front cover has a drawing of a group of miners outside a shop. Back cover has a drawing of a group of mounted police riding roughshod through a group of people and dogs.Stamp of the Marysville & District Historical Society Inc / P.O. Box 22 / Marysville 3779gold, gold field, gold miner, gold mining, gold town, victoria, australia, history

This book is an up-to-date guide as to varied and numerous activities of the R.A.F.It is full of accurate information, and will be especially useful for those who hope to enter the service.This book covers RAF information from WW2Rectangular in shape. Made from cardboard and paperRoyal Air Force as it is Today - ABC of the RAF WWII raf, air force, book

Newspaper Clipping - set of nine sheets of newspaper clippings adhered to both sides of a sheet of ruled quarto paper with punched holes on the left hand side - various newspapers, mainly to do with Tom Pesteranovich and his black listing following working during a strike, industrial courts, use of University students, Conductor John Brooker also black banned, stop work meetings, . Also covers new train fares, St Kilda Junction works, derailments on the rail system, fire damage to rail bridges and a note inviting people to join Puffing Billy. See also Reg Items 2561 and 2693 for further items on this industrial matter.trams, tramways, mmtb, kew depot, unions, drivers, strike, st kilda junction, fares, railways, derailments

Social Engineering and Indigenous Settlement: Policy and demography in remote Australia John Taylor In recent years neo-liberals have argued that government support for remote Aboriginal communities contributes to social pathology and that unhindered market engagement involving labour mobility provides the only solution. This has raised questions about the viability of remote Aboriginal settlements. While the extreme view is to withdraw services altogether, at the very least selective migration should be encouraged. Since the analytical tools are available, one test of the integrity of such ideas is to consider their likely demographic consequences. Accordingly, this paper provides empirically based speculation about the possible implications for Aboriginal population distribution and demographic composition in remote areas had the advice of neo-liberal commentators and initial labour market reforms of the Northern Territory Emergency Response been fully implemented. The scenarios presented are heuristic only but they reveal a potential for substantial demographic and social upheaval. Aspects of the semantics of intellectual subjectivity in Dalabon (south-western Arnhem Land) Ma�a Ponsonnet This paper explores the semantics of subjectivity (views, intentions, the self as a social construct etc.) in Dalabon, a severely endangered language of northern Australia, and in Kriol, the local creole. Considering the status of Dalabon and the importance of Kriol in the region, Dalabon cannot be observed in its original context, as the traditional methods of linguistic anthropology tend to recommend. This paper seeks to rely on this very parameter, reclaiming linguistic work and research as a legitimate conversational context. Analyses are thus based on metalinguistic statements - among which are translations in Kriol. Far from seeking to separate Dalabon from Kriol, I use interactions between them as an analytical tool. The paper concentrates on three Dalabon words: men-no (intentions, views, thoughts), kodj-no (head) and kodj-kulu-no (brain). None of these words strictly matches the concept expressed by the English word mind. On the one hand, men-no is akin to consciousness but is not treated as a container nor as a processor; on the other, kodj-no and kodj-kulu-no are treated respectively as container and processor, but they are clearly physical body parts, while what English speakers usually call the mind is essentially distinct from the body. Interestingly, the body part kodj-no (head) also represents the individual as a social construct - while the Western self does not match physical attributes. Besides, men-no can also translate as idea, but it can never be abstracted from subjectivity - while in English, potential objectivity is a crucial feature of ideas. Hence the semantics of subjectivity in Dalabon does not reproduce classic Western conceptual articulations. I show that these specificities persist in the local creole. Health, death and Indigenous Australians in the coronial system Belinda Carpenter and Gordon Tait This paper details research conducted in Queensland during the first year of operation of the new Coroners Act 2003. Information was gathered from all completed investigations between December 2003 and December 2004 across five categories of death: accidental, suicide, natural, medical and homicide. It was found that 25 percent of the total number of Indigenous deaths recorded in 2004 were reported to, and investigated by, the Coroner, in comparison to 9.4 percent of non-Indigenous deaths. Moreover, Indigenous people were found to be over-represented in each category of death, except in death in a medical setting, where they were absent. This paper discusses these findings in detail, following the insights gained from the work of Tatz (1999, 2001, 2005) and Morrissey (2003). It also discusses a further outcome of this situation - the over-representation of Indigenous people in figures for full internal autopsy. Finding your voice: Placing and sourcing an Aboriginal health organisation?s published and grey literature Clive Rosewarne It is widely recognised that Aboriginal perspectives need to be represented in historical narratives. Sourcing this material may be difficult if Aboriginal people and their organisations do not publish in formats that are widely distributed and readily accessible to library collections and research studies. Based on a search for material about a 30-year-old Aboriginal health organisation, this paper aims to (1) identify factors that influenced the distribution of written material authored by the organisation; (2) consider the implications for Aboriginal people who wish to have their viewpoints widely available to researchers; and (3) assess the implications for research practice. As part of researching an organisational history for the Central Australian Aboriginal Congress, seven national and regional collections were searched for Congress?s published and unpublished written material. It was found that, in common with other Aboriginal organisations, most written material was produced as grey literature. The study indicates that for Aboriginal people and their organisations? voices to be heard, and their views to be accessible in library collections, they need to have an active program to distribute their written material. It also highlights the need for researchers to be exhaustive in their searches, and to be aware of the limitations within collections when sourcing Aboriginal perspectives. Radiocarbon dates from the Top End: A cultural chronology for the Northern Territory coastal plains Sally Brockwell , Patrick Faulkner, Patricia Bourke, Anne Clarke, Christine Crassweller, Daryl Guse, Betty Meehan, and Robin Sim The coastal plains of northern Australia are relatively recent formations that have undergone dynamic evolution through the mid to late Holocene. The development and use of these landscapes across the Northern Territory have been widely investigated by both archaeologists and geomorphologists. Over the past 15 years, a number of research and consultancy projects have focused on the archaeology of these coastal plains, from the Reynolds River in the west to the southern coast of the Gulf of Carpentaria in the east. More than 300 radiocarbon dates are now available and these have enabled us to provide a more detailed interpretation of the pattern of human settlement. In addition to this growing body of evidence, new palaeoclimatic data that is relevant to these northern Australian contexts is becoming available. This paper provides a synthesis of the archaeological evidence, integrates it within the available palaeo-environmental frameworks and characterises the cultural chronology of human settlement of the Northern Territory coastal plains over the past 10 000 years. Ladjiladji language area: A reconstruction Ian Clark and Edward Ryan In this reconsideration of the Ladjiladji language area in northwest Victoria, we contend that while Tindale?s classical reconstruction of this language identified a fundamental error in Smyth?s earlier cartographic representation, he incorrectly corrected that error. We review what is known about Ladjiladji and through a careful analysis demonstrate not only the errors in both Smyth and Tindale but also proffer a fundamental reconstruction grounded in the primary sources.ladjiladji, social engineering, dalabon, indigenous health, coronial system, radiocarbon dating