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Wangaratta RSL Sub Branch
Cane Woven Basket Tray, The Invasion of the Philippines, c1945
In early January 1945, Australian warships took part in their next big naval action of the campaign when American forces were landed at Lingayen Gulf for the invasion of Luzon Island. Their objective was the capital, Manila. The frigates Gascoyne and Warrego carried out survey tasks and escort duties, coming under artillery fire and also attacks from aircraft. The Kanimbla, Manoora and Westralia again transported American troops for the landings and once again the escorts included the cruisers Shropshire and Australia – the latter had undergone repair – and the destroyers Arunta and Warramunga. Whist not confirmed, this large cane woven oval tray with The Philippines Coat of Arms in the centre above list of Royal Australian Navy ships that were involved in the liberation of the Philippines, is believed to have belonged to Robert Hamilton Hutchieson PM 4802 who served on HMAS Westralia as a landing craft coxswain in the Southwest Pacific Campaign 1942 to 1945. Large oval shaped cane woven basket tray The Invasion of the Philippines Image of Coat of Arms Commonwealth of the Philippines Kanimbla, Westralia, Manoura, Australia, Shropshire, Arunta, Warramunga, Gascoyne January 1945ww2, invasion of the philippines, 1945, hmas westralia, hmas kanimbla -
Stawell Historical Society Inc
Photograph, “Yarram Park” Homestead in Willaura with Mr Kinsella hosting a visit by American Seamen c 1907
“Yarram Park” Willaura Visited by American Seamen. Gentleman is Mr William Jennings Kinsella. The Great White Fleet was the popular nickname for the group of United States Navy battleships which completed a journey around the globe from December 16, 1907 to February 22, 1909 by order of President Theodore Roosevelt. Its mission was to make friendly courtesy visits to numerous countries while displaying new U.S. naval power to the world. One goal was to deter a threatened war with Japan since tensions were high in 1907. It familiarized the 14,500 officers and men with the logistical and planning needs for extended fleet action far from home. Hulls were painted a stark white, giving the armada its nickname. It consisted of 16 battleships divided into two squadrons, along with various small escorts.[1][2] Roosevelt sought to demonstrate growing American military power and blue-water navy capability.willaura simmons -
Stawell Historical Society Inc
Photograph, “Yarram Park” Homestead Hunting Trip with American Seamen c 1907
“Yarram Park” Willaura Hunting Trip with American Seamen. Gentleman at top center back is William Jennings Kinsella. The Great White Fleet was the popular nickname for the group of United States Navy battleships which completed a journey around the globe from December 16, 1907 to February 22, 1909 by order of President Theodore Roosevelt. Its mission was to make friendly courtesy visits to numerous countries while displaying new U.S. naval power to the world. One goal was to deter a threatened war with Japan since tensions were high in 1907. It familiarized the 14,500 officers and men with the logistical and planning needs for extended fleet action far from home. Hulls were painted a stark white, giving the armada its nickname. It consisted of 16 battleships divided into two squadrons, along with various small escorts.[1][2] Roosevelt sought to demonstrate growing American military power and blue-water navy capability.willaura simmons -
Harcourt Valley Heritage & Tourist Centre
Cider Press, 1880s
A 'BUCKEYE" grape and cider press, manufactured by P.P. Mast & Co. of Springfield, Ohio, USA and distributed by P. Rohs, Sandhurst (Bendigo). The PP Mast Company was established in 1854. Their Buckeye drills, seeders and other implements played an important role in the development of American farm machinery, being sold in every American state, Europe and Australia. This press was used by the Gaasch family of Harcourt over several generations from 1898 to crush grapes for wine and vinegar making, subsequently to crush apples and then press the pulp to make apple vinegar and cider. The crushing was accompanied by lusty singing of songs and hymns such as 'Ein Feste Burg ist unter Gott'. The press was designed to be hand-operated but was later used by Harcourt Coolstores to press apples. It was then belt-driven by an electric motor. The press was restored (timber cleaned and varnished, metal shoes on base of wooden uprights, which had rotted ) by Mr. Howard Carr, 2001-An early application of mechanics to the crushing of grapes. Hand-driven, geared drive metal crushing parts, with metal flywheel, wooden feed hopper in vertical arrangement, wooden frame, tray and vat, with metal pressing screw installed in heavy metal yoke at front. Metal crushing section carries cast-in maker's name and patent details'BUCKEYE" manufactured by P.P. Mast & Co. of Springfield, Ohio, USA distributed by P. Rohs, Sandhurst (Bendigo). -
Wodonga & District Historical Society Inc
Decorative object - Brooch from the Sarah Coventry jewellery range, "Old Vienna", c. 1970s - 1980s
Sarah Coventry Pty. Ltd. was a North American jewellery company that was established in Wodonga in 1969. The premises were originally on High St., but a new warehouse was built in Melbourne Rd. later in 1969. The North American parent company of the Stuart family started Sarah Coventry Pty. Ltd. in 1949, as part of Emmons Jewelry, Inc. It was a direct selling jewellery business using a party-plan model similar to Tupperware and Avon. The sales reps or 'Hostesses' were provided with jewellery samples in demonstration kits, which they displayed at jewellery parties in their homes. The designs for jewellery such as brooches, necklaces, earrings, chokers and bracelets were purchased from freelance designers and jewellery manufacturers rather than in-house designers. In 1979, Sarah Coventry Pty. Ltd. in Wodonga was bought as an Australian business venture, which included Wodonga local Jim Sawyer, and continued to sell jewellery under the name "Sargem Pty. Ltd”, for several more years in the 1980s. The brooch has local significance as part of the decentralised commercial development of regional centres such as Wodonga in NE Victoria. As part of the Sarah Coventry collection, the brooch has national and international significance from the perspective of social and economic developments for women after World War II. The direct selling party-plan business model Sarah Coventry was based on is also considered the first of its kind for jewellery.Oval brooch in gold toned metal with red blue and black enamel (?) inlay."©SARAHCOV" on the back surfacesarah coventry, jewellery, wodonga, costume jewellery, vintage fashion jewellery, brooch, brooches -
Phillip Island and District Historical Society Inc.
Photograph, Churchill Island cannon, 1973
This cannon was always called the Shenandoah cannon as it was believed to be from the Confederate warship, Shenandoah. However recent research has shown this was not true. In 1981 the American Civil War Round Table of Australia claimed the cannon was not government issue.It was older than the Shenandoah warship.It is possibly a 4 lb that was sent from Sydney in 1826 when Western Port was settled and had been left behind.Historical3 small coloured photographs mounted on cardboard of Churchill Island homestead, 2 men standing beside the cannon and the cannon.Churchill Island homestead, Shenandoah cannon, S.J.McFee, F. Jansson, Shenandoah cannon. 1973churchill island, churchill island - homestead, cannon, stan mcfee, frank jansson -
Warrnambool and District Historical Society Inc.
Book, Unemployment, inflation & taxes on land, 1982
This book details the problems caused by the low level of land tax in Victoria. It was written by Dr Les Hemingway who was a fitter and turner who studied medicine at the University of Melbourne and came to Warrnambool in 1958. He replaced Dr Etheridge in a Liebig Street practice. He retired in the mid 1990s. His book on the land tax question was influenced by the writings of the American journalist/philosopher, Henry George. This book is of interest as it was written in 1982 by Les Hemingway, a local Warrnambool doctor who practised in Warrnambool for over 30 years. This is a soft cover book of 152 pages. The cover is buff-coloured with a collage of black and white photographs on the front cover and a summary of the book on the back cover. There is black lettering on the cover and spine. The cover is a little torn and shows evidence of silverfish damage. The book is bound with three metal staples.economic history, history of warrnambool, dr les hemingway -
Orbost & District Historical Society
book, Ward & Lock, Treasures in Needlework, 1855
Matilda Marian Pullan, who wrote under the name of Mrs Pullan, was a prolific and influential writer on needlework. She contributed to many magazines as well as authoring numerous books on needlework. This book was first published in 1855 and co-authored by Eliza Warren who was also a well-known authority on household management related subjects. This book was published before Mrs Pullan moved to America.The 1840s saw the rise of domestic instruction for young women as a new area of publishing in both magazines and books. This item is an example of needlework in the mid 19th to late 19th century.A red fabric covered book, titled "Treasures in Needlework".inside cover - "Lizzie G. Broomde from her affectionate brother, Arthur - 1856" -
Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village
Furniture - Childs high chair, 1890 - 1900
It appears that the earliest form of child's high chair is attributed to Jonathan Jacobs (1845-1919) a cabinet maker of Browningsville, Pennsylvania USA around the mid to late 19th century. However, children’s chairs from the 18th century and earlier were being used and are in many museum collections around the world that show woodworkers were adapting chair designs for younger users in Europe and America at this time.An early children's wooden high chair probably made in America around 1890-1900. Many American manufactures made this type of wooden high chair called an “Eastlake” style and many did not mark their work so it is difficult to determine the subject items exact provenance. A significant item giving a snapshot into the evolution of children's furniture and domestic life during the late Victorian era.Convertible pressed back Victorian era high chair with convertible frame, cast iron wheels, Carved picture of a child to back of seatflagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, high chair, potty chair, baby furniture, kitchen furniture -
Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village
Tool - Saw Vice and Spanner, Henry Disston & Sons, Early 20th century
Henry Disston (1819-1878) was born in England and later moved to America. He has been noted in a biography as a "Pioneer Industrialist Inventor". In 1840 he began making and selling his own saws in Philadelphia, USA, growing to become the world's largest saw manufacturer. Tools made by Henry Disston and his company have the reputation of being the finest tools money can buy.The saw sharpening vice and its shifting spanner are significant for their connection with Henry Distton & Sons, renowned for high quality hand saws and associated tools. In 1855 Henry Disston cast a crucible saw sharpening steel, the first person to ever do so in America. The hand tools are also important for their association with the early building industry. Saw sharpening vice with accompanying saw tooth shifting spanner. The vice has a ball and socket clamp. The top of the vice has a saw clamp with wide jaws. The metal surface has remnants of black paint. Inscription is cast into the jaws of the vice. It was made by Henry Disston & Sons"HENRY DISSTON & SONS"flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, vice, saw sharpening vice, saw sharpening tool, saw tooth, shifting spanner, woodworking tool, henry disston, disston & co, hand saw, handsaw, hand tools, carpentry, boat building -
Yarra Ranges Regional Museum
Pamphlet - Pattern, Crochet, Mary Cards Victorian Centenary Chart, 1934
This crochet chart was designed by the twentieth century crochet pattern designer, Mary Card, for the Victorian Centenary in 1934. It was published in the Australian Home Beautiful magazine on November 1934. The chart was published in four sections, with instructions for working it as a complete piece. Mary Card lived in Olinda and published books of her patterns and individual patterns in Australia, American and English magazines from 1909 until the 1930s.Giant paper crochet chart of Mary Cards Victorian Centenary cloth design, featuring Australian animals, ships, buildings and horseman. Chart has FLORENCE / MCNABB 1944 written in pen ar thje bottom. Over the orignial pattern which was printed with VICTORIAN / CENTENARY 1934. Chart is in 4 pieces, each attached to Cardboard. Written on with ink: 12-4-44 On back : No 1, No 2 , No 3, No 4 mary card, centenaries, crochet patterns -
Stawell Historical Society Inc
Photograph, Sister Rocks at the rear looking West
Original B&W photograph of Sister Rocks with 7 people standing around and on the rocks. The view is from the rear of the rock's looking West c 1895. Duplicate photo of the same view. This photograph appears in Mark Twain's, A Journey Around The World by Mark Twain. American Publishing Company Hartford Connecticut, Chapter Twenty Three, Published in 1898. His visit to Stawell was in 1895 Two black & white photographs of Sister Rock's looking West. One a duplicate of the original.Original "Rear of Sister Rock's looking West". Duplicate "Looking West" stawell scenery -
Bialik College
Booklet (item) - Haggadah, 1988, 1988
Haggadah created in 1988. First page reads: 'This hagada is a very special version. Its content has been selected from six different sources: a fifteenth century manuscript from Worms, the Hagada of the American artist Arthur Shik, the Hagada of ZAHAL, and others. This hagada is for internal use only and is not for sale. Jewish Studies Department.' Please contact [email protected] to request access to this record.judaism, religion, 1980s -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Textile - 1956 Olympics Ladies' scarf
The 1956 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XVI Olympiad, were an international multi-sport event held in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, from 22 November to 8 December 1956, with the exception of the equestrian events, which were held in Stockholm, Sweden, in June 1956. These Games were the first to be staged in the Southern Hemisphere and Oceania, as well as the first to be held outside Europe and North America. Scarf produced as a souvenir for the 1956 Melbourne Olympics. Ivory coloured synthetic fabric scarf. Flags from competing nations are arranged in two circles. In the top LH corner and lower Rh corner are are symbols of the Olympic torch and rings, with lettering "XVIth Olympiad Melbourne 1956". The five Olympic rings are placed in the lower LH corner and the top RH corner.1956 olympics, scarf -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Textile - 1956 Olympics Ladies' handkerchief
The 1956 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XVI Olympiad, were an international multi-sport event held in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, from 22 November to 8 December 1956, with the exception of the equestrian events, which were held in Stockholm, Sweden, in June 1956. These Games were the first to be staged in the Southern Hemisphere and Oceania, as well as the first to be held outside Europe and North America. Handkerchief produced as a souvenir for the 1956 Melbourne Olympics. Synthetic fabric. The handkerchief s bordered in red thread and divided into four squares of contrasting colours. 1. A table of main events and ceremonies, Olympic rings and symbol. 2. Map of Australia (green) with an Olympic torch and kangaroos in each corner. 3 An image of the main stadium. caption "AUSTRALIA" in white on a green background. 4. Map of Melbourne in red with connecting road and rail links to other parts of Victoria. 1956 olympics, handkerchief -
Lauriston Girls’ School (incorporating Lauriston Museum and Gallery)
Painting, Painting Ms Meg Hansen Principal 2000-2010
The portrait was painted by Evert Ploeg in 2010. Evert Ploeg is one of Australia's most highly regarded portrait painters, who has won a range of painting prizes, such as the 1999 and 2007 Archibald Prize and was awarded the highly coveted ‘Signature Status’ of The Portrait Society of America.. Archibald Prize winner 1999 & 2007. This portrait is part of the Record Series 74. Permanent/Semi-Permanent Displayed Works.Oil Painting of Ms Meg Hansen Principal Ms Meg Hansen Principal 2000-2010 -
Wodonga & District Historical Society Inc
Functional object - Set of Mrs Potts Sad Irons and trivet, c1890s -1940s
Mrs Potts Sad Iron Set . This double point design with detachable handle was patented in the United States of America by Mary Potts in 1871. It was sold in sets of three bodies with one handle and a stand or trivet. The detachable insulated handle was designed to always remain cool for ironing. The handle was detachable, so that several irons could be on the stove at one time and the handle swapped between several bodies. This item is an example of an invention that was universally adopted to make the task of ironing safer and more efficient.A set of double pointed flat irons which detachable handle. This set includes a trivet to rest the unused iron on. All components are made from cast irondomestic appliances, flat irons, sad irons, mrs potts irons -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Document - Melbourne and Metropolitan Tramways Board - Report of Visit to United States and Canada by S.M. Richardson, H.H. Bell, Jnr and J.R. Patterson - Officers of the Board, Melbourne & Metropolitan Tramways Board (MMTB), 1946
Report from the Melbourne and Metropolitan Tramways Board (MMTB) on the visit by several officers of the board to the United States (Manila – formerly as part of US territory, Guam, Honolulu, San Francisco, New York, Washington D.C., Pittsburgh, Boston, Philadelphia, St. Louis, Cleveland) and Canada (Toronto, Vancouver, Victoria). The tour examined the fleet, operations and maintenance of these North American cities. Has an index on the rear.A document that detailed operations of North American streetcars from an Australian perspective, in particular PCC cars during the 1940s, some systems of which no longer exist.Report of Visit to United States and Canada by S.M. Richardson, H.H. Bell, Jnr and J.R. Patterson - Officers of the Board. Approx 90 duplicated pages, secured with folding clips with card covers.public transport, tramways, mmtb, reports, usa, canada, pcc class, overseas tours -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Document - Keynote Address, Kevin Shea, "Even our Public Transport is Multicultural", 1988
Keynote address by Kevin Shea, CEO of The Met, on Public Transport in Australia, titled "Even our Public Transport is Multicultural" - Bicentennial Conference 1988. The paper looks at Australian Multicultural heritage and its influence on public transport and community attitudes. Also looks at the changing economic relationship with the rest of the world, technological change, and their implications. Includes unionism, wages, American influences, and the sprawl of the cities.Has a close association with the author, Kevin Shea.Set of 15 A4 printed sheets - was stapled in top left hand corner.conferences, kevin shea, public transport, the met -
Vision Australia
Equipment - Object, General Electric, APH Table top cassette player, 1978-1981
Produced by General Electric (GE) for American Printing House for the Blind in Kentucky, this player has dials to control tone, volume, speed, side and buttons to record, rewind, forward, play, pause and stop tape. Handling both 2 and 4 track tapes, these players were targeted towards the vision impaired, as it allowed greater freedom to adjust recording styles to suit individual listeners. Plastic rectangular brown audio player with buttons for navigational controls, a handle and black vinyl carry pouch.audio equipment, assistive devices -
Ringwood and District Historical Society
Photograph, Ringwood State School - Grade 2, 1977
Black and white photograph - Grade 2, 1977"Attached to photograph" Back Row- L to R: Craig McDonald, ?, James Edis, Simon Ignations, Robert McDougall, Dale Franklin. 2nd Row- L to R: Julie Rigg, Kerryn Hopgood, Lexie Jenkinson, Johnny Tomada, ?, Racheal McEwan, ?, Nicole Mathieson. Front Row- L to R: Ellen Hodgson, ?, ?, ?, Jenny Murray, Kerry (?), ?, ?, Tania Alhouse. Teacher: Miss Harmon (American Exchange Teacher) -
National Vietnam Veterans Museum (NVVM)
Painting, Into The Mud
An original coloured painting showing a truck rolled over with its load rations on the ground. One soldier is holding a box and another soldier is drinking from a vessel.2 Transport Platoon RAASC South Vietnam. Rations on their way to Aussie troops in Nui Dat. One truck in the convoy swerved to avoid an American semi carrying ammunitions. The wheels found the soft muddy edge of the rice paddy, and ... into the mud!. My son Trooper barry "Jock" Tiernan is pictured as one of the men rescuing the load from the mud. the other soldier is Ray Heathcote, driver of the truck.painting, vietnam lest we forget, barry "jock" tiernan, ray heathcote -
B-24 Liberator Memorial Restoration Australia Inc
Plaque 49th Fighter Group
Included in the collection of Bill Bakker ex RNEIAAFRectangular wooden plaque with blue enameled, silver printed plate attached DEDICATED TO THE BRAVE MEN OF THE 49TH FIGHTER GROUP. DEPARTED MORRISON AFB, FLORIDA,4 JANUARY 1942.FIRST EXPEDITIONARY FORCE TO LEAVE THE U.S.AFTER THE DECLARATION OF WAR. LEADING GROUP IN THE PACIFIC THEATRE- 678 ENEMY PLANES SHOT DOWN MAJOR RICHARD I. BONG WITH 40 VICTORIES BECAME AMERICA'S "ACE OF ACES" DEDICATED JULY 20, 1985 1985 REUNION PRESENTED BY 49FTG ASSN. -
Warrnambool and District Historical Society Inc.
Functional object - Motor Cycle Lamp, Joseph Lucas Ltd, Birmingham, England, 1922
This lamp was produced in 1922 as a lighting mechanism for a motor cycle. It is a Lucas lamp, with the trade name 'Chieftain'. The firm of Joseph Lucas Industries was established in 1860 in England, initially making scoops, buckets and plant holders. In 1875 it began making lamps for ships and after 1902 lamps and other components for motorised vehicles. Today, after merging with a North American company, it is a maker of components for both the automotive and the aerospace industries. This item is retained as an example of motor cycle lighting that would have been used locally in the 1920s.This is a metal lamp with a round base, a cylindrical body and a rounded lighting mechanism enclosed in glass. There is a screw lid on top of the oil container, a mechanism for attaching the lamp to the vehicle and two small round glass buttons on either side of the lighting area. The lamp has traces of silver colouring but is very rusty. There is an old card containing some handwriting attached to the lamp.Lucas Chieftain 1922motor cycle lamps, joseph lucas ltd, vintage vehicle parts -
Mission to Seafarers Victoria
Book, Charles Nordhoff, Seeing the world: a young sailor's own story, c. 1884
Blue book with Art Nouveau floral decor by Charles Nordhoff (1830-1901) found in the mission's library in 2018. Published by W.P. Nimmo, Hay and Mitchell, Edinburgh. The National Library of Australia has an holding mentioning 1876fictioncharles nordhoff (1830-1901), travel, seafaring, adventure, sailors' home -
Orbost & District Historical Society
nails on board, 1885
These nails were made for Walter John Mundy (1868-1944). Often imported nails made for the softer English and North American timbers bent when hammered against the harder colonial woods and so The Mundy family were farmers / settlers in the Snowy River area since c. 1880s. The original Mundy family moved to a land "selection" at Betebolong in the early 1880's from Buchan. It's only over the past century or so that the mass-produced nail has become an inexpensive and common way to join materials. These three iron nails were hand made by an early Orbost settler or blacksmith in the 1880's, using iron, forge and anvil. They are examples of the types of nails used in the 19th century. A rectangular, wooden(athel pine?) board with three hand-made nails glued in fan design to top left corner of section of floorboard. There is a short length of yellow cord attached for hanging. To the right of the nails is hand-written text in black. the nails have irregular shanks and hammer marks on both shanks and heads.right of nails - " Flooring & nails from Walter Mundy's house at Jarrahmond built C.1885. Still in use to this day."mundy-walter hand-made-nails -
Grey Street Primary School, Traralgon
Scrapbook, Newspaper Cuttings 1994, 1994
Items about Preps starting, new principal, 19th Surrey Downs visit, Kosciusko St PS fire, Safety House Program, Junior sports Week, Admin upgrade, tabloid sports carnival, Education Week, Greyathon, restoration work in Traralgon, satellite dishes for interactive learning, Bookweek, Mr Coverdale's American Reunion, Childrens Week, School Fair, PASE courses, Presentation NightContact covered scrapbook -
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Photograph, Emil Jackschowsky
Emil Jackschowsky was born in Insterburg (Prussia then Germany now Russia). He met Mary Schwerkolt aboard the 'Seydlitz' on its way to Australia. He was working as a ships steward. They married in Pittsburg in U.S.A in 1912. While visiting family in Germany he was conscripted. His son Walter was born in 1919. Emil became an American citizen in 1928. He died from heart disease in 1954 at the age of 71.sepia photograph with a framed picture of a man seated on an ornamental chair and dressed in a coat and bow tie.jackschowsky emil, insterrberg -
Unions Ballarat
The nineteenth century: A history (Don Woodward Collection), Mackenzie, Robert, 1889?
Contents: - The opening of the Century - Napoleon Bonaparte - The Congress of Vienna - Social condition of Great Britain - The Reform Bill - The redress of wrongs - Chartism - Our wars - The victories of peace - Christian missions - The charities of the nineteenth century - Our Indian empire - Our colonies - France: The restored monarchy - France: The second empire - Germany - Austria-Hungary - Italy - Russia - Turkey - The United States of America - The Papacy - The progress of liberty in Europe Politics, history, religious and social customs - 19th Century Europe.Book; 475 pages. Cover: green background; 19th Century Library insignia; gold lettering; author's name and title. In black ink, "? ? Falconer, 19th July 1895".btlc, ballarat trades and labour council, ballarat trades hall, politics and government, social conditions, social customs, religion, foreign relations, warfare -
Wangaratta High School
British Commonwealth Army Helmet, 1916-1961
Colloquially called the 'Tin Hat' this helmet was designed by John L Brodie in response to the French helmets. It was easilly pressed from a single sheet of steel and saw service with all British Empire/Commonwealth Forces. Even the American Expeditionary Force (AEF) of World War I succumbed to its charms, and it also featured in early United States battles with Japan in the Pacific during World War II.Khaki steel helmet with brown leather straps