The last train to Beech Forest ran on 30 June, 1962. The train had a particularly motley look to it; 180 passengers were loaded into NU goods vans which had been hastily fitted out with temporary seats and tarpaulin roofing. The train was hauled by the dilapidated G42 locomotive, kept alive through patch-up repairs and cannibalised G41 parts, which intending travellers looked at with some trepidation. The train made it without mishap. When it returned to Colac on that cold, gloomy June day it signalled the end of narrow gauge operations in the Otway Ranges.B/W. Locomotive G42 with the sign " Australian Railway, Last Train to Beech Forest, 30-6-62, Historical Society" is departing Colac. NC guard's van and NU louvred van are attached. A woman and man watching. .colac; beech forest; railways;

The Fashion & Textiles collections of Kew Historical Society include a number of textiles, as well as women’s, men’s, children’s and infants’ clothing from the 18th, 19th and 20th centuries. Textiles include items manufactured or created in the United Kingdom as well as in Australia. As other cultures opened to Australian travellers in the 20th century, members began collecting and donating textiles produced in a number of other countries. Fashion (or clothing/costumes) in the collection was essentially produced for, or purchased by women in Melbourne, and includes examples of outerwear, protective wear, This cocktail dress is one of a number of items donated to the Fashion Collection by Rosemary-Vaughan Smith.Medium length silver satin evening dress. The weave of the silk fabric includes small pink flowers. The bodice is gathered to give the impression of a bow. The dress has strapped shoulders.women's clothing, cocktail dresses, evening wear, rosemary vaughan-smith, australian fashion - 1950s

Mrs George Cumpston, formerly Miss Elizabeth Newman, of Mont Albert (See also 1289, Mr George William Cumpston) They were married in 1876. He was a commercial traveller. Their property was in the area of Mont Albert between the railway line and Mont Albert Road and Elgar Road. Listed as living in Box Hill in the 1903 electoral roll. The couple were active members of the Box Hill Methodist Church. Photograph from ‘The Jubilee of Box Hill Methodist Church 1883-1933’. By 1909 they had moved to Hawthorn where they lived form many years; later lived in Kew.A black and white photograph of a lady identified as Mrs G. W. Cumpston. She is wearing glasses and has her hair tied back/up possibly in a 'French roll.'(mrs) elizabeth cumpston, (miss) elizabeth newman, box hill methodist church, (mrs) george william cumpston, mont albert

City of Ringwood community information annual report for 1966, including sections covering Finance, Sanitary Service Charge, Municipal Library, Memorial Clock Tower, Reserves, Civic Centre, Maroondah Highway Reconstruction, Other Road Works, Building Activity and Development - Education, MacRobertsons Pty. Ltd. & Travellers' Facilities (Ringwood Station), Appreciation - Decimal Currency Conversion, Annual Special Clearance of Refuse, Garbage Removal, Fly Control, Immunisations, Infant Welfare Centres, Retention of Native Flora, Home Help Service, Dogs, Horse Riding, Fire Hazards and Burning Off, Secondary School Grants, and list of Council Representatives.rinx

The main focus of this edition is the extensive map collection of the State Library of Victoria. Contents: From the Editorial Chair Obituary: Estelle Canning Judith Scurfield The Map Section of the State Library Miles Lewis Maps for Building Research Thomas A. Darragh This Beautiful Work of Art?: Skene and Slight's Continental Australia Gerard Hayes Annotation: Ludwig Becker's ?First Camp from Duroadoo? Susan Ballyn Jean Baptiste Lehimas de Arrieta: The First Spanish Settler in Australia? Frances Thiele Recreating the Polite World: Shipboard Life of Nineteenth-Century Lady Travellers to Australia John Barnes Library Profile: Keith Murdochmaps, b&w illustrationsmaps, state library of victoria

This corkscrew has obviously been used as a promotional handout for clients of James McGee and Co. Information on this firm has been difficult to find but there was a well-known commercial traveller, James McGee, resident in the Warrnambool district at the end of the 19th century and it is known that his sons headed a company, James McGee and Co. that bought Sheldrick’s New Brewery in Timor Street, Warrnambool, in 1894. This brewery had been founded in 1868. In 1922 the McGee company sold the goodwill of the Warrnambool brewery to the Ballarat, Melbourne Co-Operative and Carlton and United Breweries and the local brewery closed. No information has been found on Ballangarrock Whisky.This corkscrew is an important souvenir of the last few years of operations at the Warrnambool New Brewery in Timor Street. This business had operated in Warrnambool for over 50 years.This is a metal corkscrew with a wooden handle. There is black printing on the handle. This printing is faded in parts. The metal screw is rusty.‘Jas. W. McGee & Co. Importers Warrnambool’ ‘Drink Ballangarrock Whisky’ james mcgee & co., history of warrnambool

The Water supply in Moorabbin Shire was from streams - Elster Creek - and wells so that all people , -settlers, market gardeners, and travellers - needed to take a container with them when they were away from the household.. The Canvas water bag was convenient, easy to make and could be hung on a tree branch or carried on the horse, wagon, plough or later on the bumper bar of a car or truck. The canvas water bag allowed any wind or airflow to cool down the water, even on very hot days, 21G could be 21Gills = 5pints= 2Quarts = 1/2 Gallon approx. and suitable for a day working in the field = 4 Litres similar to a mineral water bottle today.The water bag like this was the source of drinking water for market gardeners in Moorabbin Shire either when working in the fields or .travelling to the markets with their wagons loaded with produce.A canvas water bag, with an iron handle and plastic or bakelite drinking spout.H.L. HARDWARE / ...KFITH 21G, water bags, elster creek, horse drawn wagons, early settlers, market gardeners, cooking utensils, castiron cooking pots, blacksmiths, moorabbin shire, bentleigh, mckinnon, highett, cheltenham, melbourne,

Letter issued on PTC Coloured letterhead, with V/Line and The Met logos on the base, to all tram and bus employees, from Keith Fitzmaurice, discussing pay opportunities, the Tramways Union refusal to participate, Christmas Wishes and looking forward to work together in 1990. Undated as such. Consists of two sheets of paper and two tickets stapled together in the top left hand corner. Attached to the letter is a sheet giving current and proposed pay rates for bus drivers, conductors and tram drivers. Attached to the top of the letter are two "The Met" Scratch tickets, for Dec 1989 to July 1990, Zones 1, 2 and 3 for 1 Adult and 1 Concession traveller.trams, tramways, ptc, unions, tickets, scratch tickets, awards

Nicholas Caire was born on Guernsey in the Channel Islands in 1837. He arrived in Adelaide with his parents in about 1860. In 1867, following photographic journeys in Gippsland, he opened a studio in Adelaide. From 1870 to 1876 he lived and worked in Talbot in Central Victoria. In 1876 he purchased T. F. Chuck's studios in the Royal Arcade Melbourne. In 1885, following the introduction of dry plate photography, he began a series of landscape series, which were commercially successful. As a photographer, he travelled extensively through Victoria, photographing places few of his contemporaries had previously seen. He died in 1918. Reference: Jack Cato, 'Caire, Nicholas John (1837–1918)', Australian Dictionary of Biography, National Centre of Biography.An original, rare photograph from the series 'Views of Victoria: General Series' by the photographer, Nicholas Caire (1837-1918). The series of 60 photographs that comprise the series was issued c. 1876 and reinforced a neo-Romantic view of the Australian landscape to which a growing nationalist movement would respond. Nicholas Caire was active as a photographer in Australia from 1858 until his death in 1918. His vision of the Australian bush and pioneer life had a counterpart in the works of Henry Lawson and other nationalist poets, authors and painters.Albumen silver photograph mounted on boardPrinted inscription on reverse: A fifty-mile drive from Melbourne, via Lilydale, will bring the traveller to the township of Fernshawe. On nearing the entrance to the town, the scenery becomes most enchanting. In the distance can be seen the summit of Mount Munday. The ridge of trees in the middleground forms part of the foot of the Black Spur. The building in the foreground is the residence of the only Government Official, who represents the various titles of Post-master, State School Teacher, Registrar, &c.landscape photography - australia - 19th century, nicholas caire

The Shire of Warrnambool operated toll gates from 1866 to 1869 as a means of revenue rai sing for road construction. There were three toll gate locations – on the main Belfast (Port Fairy) Road at Dennington Bridge, on the Woodford Road at Russells Creek and on the Geelong Road at the Allansford Bridge. The toll gates were unpopular and unprofitable for the lessees as travellers were able to avoid the tax by skirting around the gates. They had toll houses besides the gates. The printers of these tickets, Fairfax and Laurie were the lessees at the time of the Warrnambool Examiner newspaper. This paper, founded by Richard Osburne and John Wilkinson, and published with some gaps from 1851 to 1880, is a key source today of Warrnambool’s history at that time. These toll gates tickets are significant because:- 1. They date back to the 1860s and were only issued from 1866 to 1869. 2. They are the only artefacts we hold of the time when toll gates were operating in our local district 3. They are the best example of how the Shire of Warrnambool in its early history raised revenue for road building and maintenance This is a book of toll gate tickets for sale at the Main Belfast (Port Fairy) Road Toll Gate. The tickets (about 50) are yellow and in duplicate with provision to detach the outer ticket for the purchaser to keep. The tickets (two shillings and sixpence) are bound with an adhesive tape and the cover is mottled in pattern (brown and blue). There are also four loose tickets in blue (3 shillings). Back Cover: ‘136’ Tickets in book: ‘Shire of Warrnambool, Main Belfast Road, Toll Gate 2s 6d., Fairfax and Laurie, Printers’ Loose tickets: ‘Shire of Warrnambool, Main Belfast Road, Toll Gate, 3s.’ shire of warrnambool, toll gates

The Shire of Warrnambool operated toll gates from 1866 to 1869 as a means of raising revenue for road construction. There were three toll gate locations – on the main Belfast (Port Fairy) Road at Dennington Bridge, on the Woodford Road at Russells Creek and on the Geelong Road at the Allansford Bridge. The toll gates were unpopular and unprofitable for the lessees as travellers were able to avoid the tax by skirting around the gates. They had toll houses besides the tollgates. The printers of these tickets, William Fairfax and Henry Laurie, were the lessees at the time of the Warrnambool Examiner newspaper. This paper, founded by Richard Osburne and John Wilkinson, and published with some gaps from 1851 to 1880, is a key source today of Warrnambool’s history at the time. These toll gate tickets are significant because:- 1. They date back to the 1860s and were only issued from 1866 to 1869 2. They are the only artefacts we hold of the time when toll gates were operating in our local district 3. They are the best example of how the Shire of Warrnambool in its early history raised revenue for road building and maintenance. These are eleven toll gate tickets, ten for the Belfast (Port Fairy) Road toll gate and one for the Woodford Road toll gate. One is mounted on a Swintons store label (6 pence) and four are mounted on cardboard (2 shillings, sixpence, and two shillings and sixpence) and six are loose (three shillings, two shillings and sixpence and threepence). The Belfast Road tickets are yellow, green, blue and cream and the Woodford Road one is white. All have black printing. There is also an undated newspaper cutting with information on the toll gate tickets. Belfast Tickets: Shire of Warrnambool, Main Belfast Road, Toll Gate and the price Woodford Road: Shire of Warrnambool, Woodford Road, Toll Gate, 1s 6d Six of the eleven tickets also have ‘Fairfax and Laurie, Printers’ The sixpence ticket on card has the name R P Christian in ink written on the back of the card. shire of warrnambool, toll gates, r p christian, woodford road, main belfast road, swintons pty ltd

This is a paper back book of 24 pages. It has a white back cover and a grey/white front cover with a coloured photograph of the second Purnim Hall. The printed material is black on a white background. non-fictionBrief history of Purnim Mechanics Institute Hallpurnim, mechanics’ institutes, warrnambool

This is a book containing printed text and black and white photographs. There are several loose pages at the back. The book has lost its cover and has been inserted into a folder not relevant to the contents.non-fictionA book with a collection of world wide photographs owned by a member of the Swinton family world travel, swinton family of warrnambool

This copper and tin container was used for the storage and transport of cordite that replaced black powder in 1889 as a military propellant. The stamped of a government broad arrow and date 1903 show the item was made for the war department and not for commercial use. The container once empty of explosives was used for many years as a flour bin on board the crayfish ketch "Lady Brassey" by Mr Charlie Washbourne, Crib Point, Australia (on the Mornington Peninsula in Victoria). The ketch Lady Brassey was probably named after Anna or "Annie" Brassey (née Allnutt), Baroness Brassey (7 October 1839 – 14 September 1887) who was an English traveller and writer. Her bestselling book A Voyage in the Sunbeam, Our Home on the Ocean for Eleven Months (1878) describes a voyage around the world including a visit to Australia.The explosives container is an example of how explosive compounds were stored and transported at the turn of the 20th century. It is significate as it is in very good condition and an artefact from Australia's colonial history around the Federation, just as the country was gaining independence from Britain.Metal box with tin sides, copper top and base and round, double layered lid that has a folding, D shaped handle. Referred to as a cordite container or copper drum. Inscriptions are stamped onto the drum and are on a sticker under the lid.Handle stamped "S & Co. 1900" on lid. Base is stamped "R.G.D. 1903" (meaning the container seals are resistant to Rapid Gas Decompression (RGD)") Logo: triangular "(vertical arrow) / A T " between letters and date. Base also has blue plastic label "N.T. 55" Sticker: "B55". flagstaff hill, warrnambool, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, copper container, gunpowder container, government issue container, r.g.d. 1903, lady brassey, charlie washbourne, crib point, baroness brassey, cordite container, copper drum, gun powder container, gun powder, black powder, black powder container, explosives storage, crayfish ketch

This photograph shows how (early to mid1900s), before the establishment of the Mount Beauty "gated" village, the Kiewa Valley was farmed and the scarce population was spread out over acres of productive land. This photograph catches a time before (what appeared to the local farmers as the invasion by a mass of construction workers) when this remote valley was part of a "lay back" rural landscape,occasionally visited by friends and some wayward tourists. The mountain ranges provided an adequate barrier against the way-would traveller. The immigration numbers coming into Australia was still quite small ( due to the "white" Australia policy) which was in force before World War II. After World War II a mass of displaced European refugees and migrants boosted the Australian population and provided for a greater degree of diverse professions and rural related work force.This photograph depicts the borderline in time between an exclusively rural based population and respective activities(early 1900s)to the present (2000 on wards) integrated village, tourist and retiree/holiday area. The time when land was exclusively used in agriculture is over and the impact of cheaper rural produce from Asian markets will see a shift of land useage and population activities. The Kiewa Valley is loosing its hiding place and is becoming more and more a source of untapped residential land. Black and white photograph of farming/grazing land useage, before the establishment of the Mount Beauty Village. Small pockets of residentual houses can be viewed. Road access (unsealed dirt) was typical of that provided in rural regions in the 1950s. The photo is on 200gms paper and not on photographic paper.kiewa valley in the early1900s, grazing in the kiewa valley, sec victoria

Its twisted old trunk is gnarled, its disembowelled carcass plump with cement and now, like many outback legends, its cadaverously pale and very dead. It has stood, an unmolested leafy sentinel, over Barcaldine’s Railway Station depot since the 1880s. It was a living Australian Labor Party memorial and heritage-listed. The double centurion, Oak Street’s most senior resident, was respectfully nursed into its dotage by Barcaldine’s faithful. Countless thousands of travellers photographed it, patted it and peered up at its bushy green tops with dutiful reverence. ... And then, by an act of craven foul play, it was murdered. Allegedly. Cold, hard forensic science pronounced death by poisoning. Sometime around May Day 2007 they reckon. (Australian Travellor, November 25, 2007.)Photograph of Philip and Elizabeth under the Barcaldine Tree. It was in the shade of this tree the Australian workers rallied and the Australian Labor Party was formed after the ramifications of the great shearers strike in 1891.barcaldine tree, australian labor party, chatham-holmes family collection

Kodachrome Transparency - 35mm slide - cardboard mount, with one side with red border and words "Kodachrome Transparency / Processed by Kodak" top and bottom. Photo taken by Ben Parle 5/4/1958. Has slide No. "16" stamped in red in top corner. Photo of the No. 41 and 21 at the Victoria St terminus, with another single truck tram behind. No. 21 has destination of Special. Both trams are carrying the AETA special car auxiliary signs. Passengers are walking across to the service car - note the level of traffic on the main highway to Melbourne. Group of AETA travellers standing on the right hand side of the photo. Meagher's Hotel can be seen on the left hand side. Note the tram stop signage at the terminus. For high resolution scan see btm2849h.tif"Victoria St line" "5-4-58"tramways, trams, victoria st, aeta, tram 21, tram 41

This photograph details (early to mid1950s), the Victorian Alpine region when this remote area was part of a "lay back" rural landscape,occasionally visited by recreational adventurers and some wayward tourists. The mountain ranges had provided an adequate barrier against the way-would traveller, but with the opening up of this region by the provision of improved roadways and accommodation facilities, courtesy of the Kiewa Valley Hydro Electricity Scheme, changes such as tourism and its impact upon the "natural" state started to show its side effects (clearing of the land). The expansion of the European immigration numbers (1950s) coming into Australia was increasing after World War II which not only provided increased construction workers to the region but also immigrants who appreciated alpine regions. Some of these immigrants contributed to the expansion of the region and provided for a greater degree of diverse professions and rural related work force.This photograph depicts the borderline in time between an exclusively rural based population and respective activities(early 1900s)to the present (2000 on wards) integrated village, tourist and retiree/holiday area. The time when land was exclusively used in agriculture and Alpine grazing lands is over. The Kiewa Valley is loosing its hiding place and is becoming more and more a source of untapped residential land and winter time recreational adventure lands. The changes brought about by modern technologies involving recreational activities such as hang gliding, gliding (local airstrip), mountain bikes, car rallies and their associated clubs is providing for an increased short term population boost. These together with the attractions for retirees is changing not only the physical nature of the Kiewa valley but also its "soul".This item is a black and white photograph of a section of snow covered catchment area in the Victorian Alps in the mid 1900. It is on 200 gms paper but not on photographic paper and has a white boarder (3 mm).kiewa valley tourism, victorian alps, alternate energy supplies, alpine population growth

Wilhelm and Marie Wischer were the founding couple of the successful Wischer phosphate and chemical works at Yarraville, Melbourne. They had emigrated from Magdeburg in Germany in the late 19th century and had undertaken the journey to Australia over three months. During this voyage, several passengers had died and a number of babies had been born. The travellers had endured storms, injuries, broken equipment, and numerous other privations. The couple had lived in the suburb of Hawthorn and their family history is documented in a book by John Wischer. The link is in references this document from "Kainos Books" and makes for fascinating reading as it reveals an account of life in Melbourne during the late 19th and early 20th century. The book also gives an account of the Wischer phosphate mining activities on Ocean Island in 1904, Wischer & Co. eventually merged with Mt. Lyell Chemical works.An item giving a snapshot of early industrial life in Melbourne during the late 19th century with also an interesting story of early migration to Australia. The item also makes us aware of the privations early migrants had in trying to establish a life in a new country and how the Wischer family overcame these challenges to establish a very successful business.Jug, clay large with handle glazed screw on stopper. Sulphur Acid Wischer Chemical Company Yarraville printed on side, also a number 5 on the screw lidflagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village

Arundell's Shoe Shop and Dalgety's Agency , centre of High St Charlton, north side c. 1987. Corner of High St and Williams Ave (now John Curtin Drive). Right hand building built by William Williams as a saddlery c. 1910. Arundell's Shoe Shop formerly ANA Boot and Shoe Shop established by John Arundell in 1901. The shop was sold by Vic Arundell in 1980 and closed. Next door was John Watson's Stock & Station Agents which later became Dalgety's. The end shop was the saddlery and then Bullock's grocery 1930's to 1970's. In 1957 became Charlton's first self service store. Became Australian Estates late 1970s. The shops were later demolished to make way for the Traveller's Rest. Part of a streetscape series taken in 1987 for the Charlton Shire.Colour photograph of three single-storey shops with corrugated tin verandahs. Signage on the buildings reads Arundell's SHOE STORE and ESTATES. Partially obscured by tree in front of the buildings. A red station wagon is parked on the LH side of the picture and a boy on a bicycle on the RH side. arundell, dalgety's, williams saddery, john watson stock & station agent, bullock's grocery, australian estates

Half an hour later her brother Keiran gallops up with the news that Artie Klinberg's mob has been ambushed by police. All the cattlemen other than he had been caught. Keiran escaped by jumping fences and coming home across country. Soon after Sergeant. Baker and Trooper Ryan arrive, and are refused entry by the widowed Mrs. Ellen O'Hara whose husband, some years previously, had been shot by police in mistake for a wanted bushranger. As he is acting mainly on presumption the chagrined Sergeant has to leave, warning O'Day to watch his company. Realising someone has "dobbed them in", Keiran decides it has to be George, "Microbe" Nugent, an unpopular fellow - traveller at loggerheads with Klinberg, and vows vengance. Maj. John Hardwick as Sgt. Baker. Mrs. Kerry Hardwick as Mrs. O'Hara. Bill Tenteye as Keiran.The album and images are significant because they document literature written by a prominent member of the Wodonga community. The presentation of this precis was supported by several significant district families and individuals.Ringer's River Album Coloured photo Plate 15des martin, many a mile, ringer's river, northeast victoria stories

Three Cohn brothers, Jacob, Julius and Moritz came to Bendigo from Denmark in 1852. They were followed by their brother Solomon (Henry) in 1858. Jacob (1830-1911) married Rosa Levy in 1858 during a return trip to Denmark. Moritz (1822-1878) married Roschen Ballin in Germany in 1861. Julius (1828-1877) married Rosetta Spyer in Victoria in 1866. Henry (1826-1874) was married to Leah Fonseca.. Jacob, Moritz and Julius began the Victoria Brewery in Bridge Street in 1858, whilst Henry was described as a traveller and collector for Cohn Bros. in 1859. The brothers soon expanded into the making of cordials (soft drinks). In 1866 Henry took up a hotel in Sandridge (Port Melbourne). Moritz moved to Talbot and set up his own brewery before returning to Bendigo after Julius' death.Tablets of Memory - the Bendigo Cohns and their Descendants 1853-1989. By Alan A. Cohn, Jack M. Cohn, Lawrence J. Cohn.

This extract from an advertisement in the Sydney Morning Herald newspaper of 1/12/1959 places the era in which this water bag was prolific throughout rural Australia. " ABERDEEN CANVAS GOODS for the man on the land here is Australia's most useful, convenient and hygienic water bag. Its special unbreakable plastic nozzle is fitted with a perforated filter strainer. Made from long flax canvas, its universal handle enables it to be hung on bumper bar, wire fence or on hook or nail" The availability of clean cool drinking water in remote rural locations was essential for survival under the blistering Australian summer sun. This was in a pioneer era when transport, roads and convenience stores were ,in a lot of "outback" Australia, in short supply and survival was dependent upon what could be carried by vehicle or pack horse.When the Kiewa Hydro Electricity Scheme became a reality, the use of the water bag was one of the essential personal items of survival given to each person working in the forests and on and in the high plains environment. Even in an outside stationary work place the availability of cool clean water was a prerequisite. The canvas water bag allowed any wind or airflow to cool down the water, even on very hot days, to provide a refreshing and throat quenching supply of water. These bags could be fastened onto the front of vehicles or hanging from shady tree branches thereby permitting air flow around the bag. During the "wearing in" period the residual taste from the canvas was fairly strong, this became considerably less as time and a half moved on. This "Aberdeen" long flax canvas water bag is held together on two sides and the top by strong heavy cotton stitching. The iron fashioned carrying handle has, protruding from its top elevation ,a very strong hook (well in excess of the bags' weight requirement). At the top, of the bag, and on one side only, is a brown coloured bakelite spout (with an inbuilt filter) protruding upwards. This spout has its matching , screw on, lid complete with attachment chain (not fixed at the handle end)On the front of the bad and stenciled in bold lettering, "ABERDEEN" and directly below "Travellers" and below this "FILTER BAG". Below this are two parallel black lines enclosing an ochre coloured band(12mm wide) running around the bottom section of the bag. Below this band is stenciled the number 14 in black (25mm high) figures. The spout lid has stamped on the top surface and within the outline of Australia, "ABERDEEN FILTER WATER BAG". Above this and close to the edge of the lid is pressed "PAT. No 9149/32 and down at the bottom rim is stamped "RD. No. 9870". canvas, water bag, water container, camping equipment, survival pack

The 1884-1885 Directory was the first year of publication for the Middleton and Manning's Gippsland Directory. It was first published by Ale Middleton and Francis Beresford Manning. Beginning with advertisements from local businesses of the time, this is followed by a short gazetteer of places around the region, as well as general information on the districts of Gippsland. The main part of the Directory consisting of about 100 pages, is the Alphabetical Directory. Listed alphabetically by surname under each region, this lists heads of household (mostly male but there are a few females mentioned), together with their occupation and address.The list includes farmers, labourers, coach painters, dairywoman, teacher, saddler, brickmaker, merchant, laundress, hotel keeper, minister of religion, dressmaker, grocer, grazier, gasfitter, seedsman, coachbuilder, engineer, auctioneer, upholsterer, fowler, journalist, surveyor, musician, traveller, watchmaker, solicitor, restaurant keeper, blacksmith and miner. It is not just "business owners" mentioned in this directory it is everyone. (ref Gen E Books)This is a useful reference tool.A 135 pp soft covered book with an orange/brown cover. On the front cover in black print is a range of advertisements or local businesses. It contains a short gazetteer of places in the region as well as general information on the districts of Gippsland. The main part of the directory is an alphabetical list of the household , with occupations and addresses. This is a reprint of the original.directory-gippsland book-middleton-manning-1884-5

In 1873, English grocer James Griffiths migrated to Melbourne with his wife and cousin in order to start a tea business. By 1875 Griffiths Brothers Teas had become a sensation, providing tea, coffee, cocoa and chocolate all over Australia. The Sydney outlet of the Melbourne-based company was built in 1915. In a memorable advertising campaign, a series of Griffiths signs were situated at varying intervals along the rail lines on fences and building, designed to allow travellers to count down the miles until they could drink up. In 1925, James Griffiths was killed by a train and the tea company was sold to Robur Tea, which itself lasted until 1974. Griffiths’ death meant downsizing within the company with the Sydney building being transferred to the Sydney City Council, who then leased it back to Griffiths Teas. The tea craze was over by 1965, and Griffiths relinquished control of the building to a variety of tenants. Griffiths tea became an intrical part of Australian life, during the late 19th to mid 20th century. The company became a household name through the clever use of outdoor advertising with their blue and white enamel “Griffiths Tea” signs. These were visible Australia wide on railway fences, stations and other buildings. Griffiths signs let the rail travelers know the distance to where their tea could be enjoyed, with distances being shown as “miles to Griffiths Tea”, These signs were well known along the eastern states railway lines. Tea container tin Griffiths blue tin with round lid, not hinged. 7lbs net Choice Tea Griffith Bros 7lb net in white on a blue labelflagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village

In 1873, English grocer James Griffiths migrated to Melbourne with his wife and cousin in order to start a tea business. By 1875 Griffiths Brothers Teas had become a sensation, providing tea, coffee, cocoa and chocolate all over Australia. The Sydney outlet of the Melbourne-based company was built in 1915. In a memorable advertising campaign, a series of Griffiths signs were situated at varying intervals along the rail lines on fences and building, designed to allow travellers to count down the miles until they could drink up. In 1925, James Griffiths was killed by a train and the tea company was sold to Robur Tea, which itself lasted until 1974. Griffiths’ death meant downsizing within the company with the Sydney building being transferred to the Sydney City Council, who then leased it back to Griffiths Teas. The tea craze was over by 1965, and Griffiths relinquished control of the building to a variety of tenants. Griffiths tea became an intrical part of Australian life, during the late 19th to mid 20th century. The company became a household name through the clever use of outdoor advertising with their blue and white enamel “Griffiths Tea” signs. These were visible Australia wide on railway fences, stations and other buildings. Griffiths signs let the rail travelers know the distance to where their tea could be enjoyed, with distances being shown as “miles to Griffiths Tea”, These signs were well known along the eastern states railway lines. Tea container tin Griffiths blue tin with round lid, not hinged. 7lbs net Choice Tea Griffith Bros 7lb net in white on a blue labelflagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, griffiths bros, tea container, tin tea container

“The Keeper of Pathways is a simple, secular office. Her job involves the maintaining of routes through and within the forests, and the lighting of night paths. She keeps a team of designers, workers and artificers, who must constantly strive to keep the wayrights free from invading undergrowth, so that they may admit safe and well-lit passage for all travellers. Not an exciting job, but one which is vital to communication between groups, and to the general safety of Forest dwellers. The forest paths (wayrights) are lit by strings of small lights made from a species of glowing fungus, which is specially cultivated in the mountain caves. A whole team of workers is responsible for the growth of the light fungus, taking shifts as a public duty. No Forest Dweller like caves, so the shift-work is shared out as a public service, one which each person must carry out at regular times, dictated by the clerks of the Keeper of the Pathways.”-Inga Hunter

This metal travelling trunk belonged to David and Alice Ellis, a young couple married in Dublin in 1855. They left for Australia on the Schomberg clipper ship on October 6 that same year, joining the other passengers for the luxury sailing ship’s first voyage, bound for Melbourne, Australia. The Schomberg was grounded on a sand spit near Peterborough. All passengers and crew were safely rescued. They had been allowed to take something small with them when leaving the sinking vessel, and as such, Alice took a small can basket and coin purse. The metal trunk was also amongst the couple’s possessions, along with a pair of candlesticks and a Bible. Their trunk was later retrieved from the ship’s deck by the crew of a steamer sent from Melbourne. At that time, David was 23 years old (born in Wales, in 1832) and Alice was 26 (born in Ireland, 1829). The couple lived in Tasmania for a short period before settling in the Western Districts of Victoria. David worked as a gardener and, when land in the area was available to purchase, David and Alice claimed a selection on Noorat Road near Terang. They settled there for the remainder of their lives, expanding the property that they named, ‘Allambah’, and had six children. David died in 1911, aged 79, and Alice passed away the following year, aged 83. B, B & B. Brand: - The company was renowned for its strongly constructed and high-quality travel goods. In 1906 the company was sold and renamed Buffalo Trunk Manufacturing Co. Interestingly, the trunk maker’s promise on its printed label is certainly fulfilled: - "B B BRAND. These Goods are manufactured of the best steel sheets, and are guaranteed to give every satisfaction, and will last for years."David and Alice Ellis’s donated possessions have great significance as a group of personal belongings saved from the sinking luxury clipper ship, the Schomberg, in 1855. The strong, well-crafted metal trunk is an example of high-quality travel luggage owned by newlyweds on their journey to a new life across the world. The well-made trunk is a rare shape. It joins Flagstaff Hill’s collection of artefacts from the Schomberg shipwreck, which is listed on the Victorian Heritage Register (VHR S612). The ship has historical significance as a rare example of a large, fast clipper ship on the England to Australia run, built to carry emigrants at the time of the Victorian gold rush. The ship’s design included the technical advances needed to break sailing records between Europe and Australia. The relationship of the objects in Flagstaff Hill’s Schomberg collection allows has potential interpretation of the story of the Schomberg. The collection of objects is archaeologically significant as the remains of an international passenger ship, as it represents aspects of Victoria’s shipping history, in addition to its association with the shipwreck and the ship.Traveller's metal trunk; small brown woodgrain patterned trunk with dark red features and brass lock. This well-made strong and sturdy piece of secure hand luggage has rounded corners and sides, with the ends of the lid slightly bulbous. The lid is reinforced inside across the centre. The lid and sides have dark red metal D-shaped handles that fold down. The two hinges on the lid have their fittings inside the trunk which is hinged across the back. Two dark red painted latches secure the front along with a brass rod and lockable latch in the centre front. The metal is shaped with a group of corrugated ribs on each side of the centre, around the trunk. A white printed and lacquered label is inside the lid and has additional handwritten text. The truck was the luggage of David and Alice Ellis on the sailing ship SCHOMBERG in 1855. Printed on the label: "B B BRAND./ These Goods are manufactured of the best / steel sheets, and are guaranteed to give every / satisfaction, and will last for years." Handwritten on the label: "8/3- 7/-" (possibly meaning Eight shillings and three pence, Seven shillings)flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, great ocean road, shipwreck coast, schomberg, sailing ship, 1855, david and alice ellis, schomberg passengers, b b brand, american made, traveller's trunk, hand luggage, metal trunk, schomberg ship, 1855 shipwreck, peterborough shipwreck, ss queen, david ellis, alice ellis, allambah terang, dublin emigrants, terang presbyterian church, western district victoria, antique trunk, vintage trunk, travel goods, travelling trunk, steel trunk, tin trunk, schomberg trunk, newlyweds, b b & b, boyd boyd & boyd, pittsburgh, rare shape, luggage, vintage luggage, victorian era, travel trunk, three locks, steamer trunk

The harsh summer temperatures and the isolated rural environment(of the 1890's) provided the inventor of the "Coolgardie safe" (Arthur Patrick McCormick) with an idea to cool perishable foods by using water soaked "hessian" cloth to provide the "coolant" for the evaporation process to cool the inside temperature of the "safe". Items such as meat,cream/milk/butter and cool "drinks" are a few perishables that need cool environments , especially in isolated "ice free" locations. Cities during this time period had large "ice works" which delivered block ice to all areas that required a form of refrigeration. These ice blocks where held in early refrigerators to keep perishables cool to cold. This "Coolardie" safe was the next best thing for isolated rural households and travellers/campers/stockmen to provide a cooler environment for foodstuff affected by heat. Ice filled "esky" coolers and ice boxes are a modern day off shoot to the original Coogardie safe however they still rely on ice or frozen coolant bricks for cooling.This "Coogardie" safe is very significant to the Kiewa Valley and the Bogong High Plains because it represents not only the initiative thinking of the early settlers and communities but also the "primitive" solution to an everyday (1800s to 1930s) problem (before gas and electric run refrigerators) of keeping "perishables" at a low temperature and thereby prolonging their "shelf" life. This was before electricity and gas was available to the inhabitants of the Kiewa Valley and Bogong High Plains. Another cooling method for food was to have "water tight" containers dipped into the very cold streams running from the "cooler" alpine mountains and the Bogong High Plains. This however could not be carried out in all situations eg. fast flowing currents and locations away from streams. This "Coolgardie safe" is made from a medium grade steel enclosure and its appearance is of a perforated box with a wire handle and one side (long side) being a hinged "door" with a clasp securing "lock". There are air holes grouped into a small "boxed" pattern. Each "box" is divided by a crossed pattern, dividing the "holed" sections(4) into a diamond configuration of 49 small holes each. There are four sides (long) which have the perforations except for the base which does not. The base has an indentation with a loose "catch" tray to catch water spills. When in use the "box" is covered with a water "soaked" cloth. The wet cloth is used as "coolant" ie. fibers in the cloth hold the water droplets seep out evaporating the area and thereby (in mass) cooling the air inside the container.domestic refrigeration cabinets, coolgardie "safe", insect and vermin proof food containers, electric and gas free cold storage containers

Vol. 2, No. 6, Dec 1997-Jan 1998 CONTENTS TRAVELLER IS TALES Field work by writer Stuart Solman and artists Jenni Mitchell and the Gregory brothers 3 BOOK REVIEWS The Shadows Keep, Ziggurat, The Last Cry Fitting the Pieces and Drawn from Life 7, 8, 18, 20 & 31 CD REVIEWS Small Miracles, Flight and Identify 10 CHRIST, l1M PISSED OFF Clive Dickson comments on the Andres Serrano exhibition 12 THE REAL THING An exhibition explores realism in Australian visual art 14 WRITERS AND READERS A pictorial review 16 JINDYWOROBAK POETS A memoir 22 SHORT STORY Gerald Learns to Swing 25 ART IN PUBLIC PLACES New works for Nillumbik and Darebin 28 TAFE COURSE WINS AWARD Success for North Melbourne Institute of TAFE music program 30 DAREBIN-LATROBE ART PRIZE A new acquisitive art award 30 ART SERVICES & TEACHING 32 "Peter Dougherty has been involved in the local art scene for many years. As publisher and editor of the arts magazine Artstreams, his comments on the various branches of the arts are widely respected. His "The Arts" column in the Diamond Valley Leader presents a brief summary for a much wider cross section of the local community. Peter also operates his own gallery and the Artstreams Cafe at the St Andrews market. Peter has a wealth of knowledge about present day and historical aspects of local art and artists." - Eltham District Historical Society Newsletter No. 161, March 2005Colour front and back cover with feature articles and literary pieces with photographs and advertisements printed in black and white. 36 pages, 30 cm. Vol. 1, no. 1 (Nov. 1996) - Vol. 10, no. 5 (summer ed. 2005/​06) art streams, bridget mcdonnell gallery, templestowe village festival, stuart solman, jennii mitchell, opera in the outback, marguerita marshall, marguerite marshall, volumes, john dougals anderson, lucinda mcnight, ivan southall, ernie tucker, eric bogle, brian brown, sue johnson, scott dunbabin, alex pertout, toby mak, mal sedergreen, steven sedergreen, dean addison, peter ayliffe, daniel chable, eltham bookshop, clive dickson, were street cafe, realism, ray liversidge, jordie albiston, kevin pearson, jon weaving, isha molloy, di morrissey, ian mcbryde, morag fraser, moira rayner, mick woiwod, jim poulter, victorian artists supplies, do lunch at the library licensed cafe, the last cry, michelle lonsdale, la piazza restaurant bar & cafe, trevor hay, daniel donahoe, llobex image wizards, slickers, art in public places, darebin latrobe art prize, john olsen, roger palmer, wholefood delights