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Eltham District Historical Society Inc
Photograph, Stewart & Co, Possibly Jane Shillinglaw, c.1878
Jane Shillinglaw was born 14 Jun 1846. She had a a son, Joseph Shillinglaw in 1863 and a daughter Jane Davidson in 1870 prior to her marriage to William James Sommerville in 1887. Jane's younger sister Catherine Shillinglaw was born 13 Nov 1852 at Coburg, Victoria. She married Edward Henry Bottle in 1897 This photo shows fashion and hairstyles typical of the later 1870s. Photographer Stewart & Co operated from various addresses in Bourke Street East Melbourne from 1874 through 1905. The photo is estimated to have been taken c.1878 which would make Jane 32 years of age and Catherine 26 years. There is another photo of who is believed to be Catherine Shillinglaw with Edward Henry Bottle. There are visual differences with the eyes so it is presumed this photo is of Jane. A duplicate photo is contained in Album 2 (05664) Stewart & Co operated from 217 Bourke St., East from 1871 to 1876 and from 217-219 from 1877 to 1889. Other locations included 42, 284 and 286. Overall, they operated in Melbourne from 1871 through at least 1910 though Carte-de-Visite photos were superseded by 1890. CARTE-DE-VISITE (cdv) 1857-1890 Cartes-de-visite (cdv's) are the most common form of photograph from the nineteenth century, generally measuring two and a half inches by four and an eighth inches (6.3 x 10.5 cm) when mounted, sepia toned, mounted on a card which was generally printed with the photographer's name and address on the back or beneath the portrait. - Frost, Lenore; Dating Family Photos 1850-1920; Valiant Press Pty. Ltd., Berwick, Victoria 1991marg ball collection, shillinglaw family photo album 1, 1871-1890, 1878, jane shillinglaw (1846-1893), jane sommerville (nee shillinglaw 1846-1893), shillinglaw family photo album 2, stewart & co photographers melbourne, unknown -
Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village
Functional object - Sculling Oar, Mid to late 19th century
An oar is an implement used for water-borne propulsion. Oars have a flat blade at one end. Rowers grasp the oar at the other end. The difference between oars and paddles is that oars are used exclusively for rowing. In rowing the oar is connected to the vessel by means of a pivot point for the oar, either an oarlock, or a hole. The oar is placed in the pivot point with a short portion inside the vessel, and a much larger portion outside. The rower pulls on the short end of the oar, while the long end is in the water. By contrast, paddles, are held in both hands by the paddler, and are not attached to the vessel. Rowers generally face the stern of the vessel, reach towards the stern, and insert the blade of their oar in the water. As they lean back, towards the vessel's bow, the blade of their oars pivots in the oarlock, and the end in the water moves towards the stern, providing forward thrust. There also is another way of propelling a small craft it's called a sculling oar which is attached to the transom and used to propel a small vessels rather than using two oars as previously described. It is believed the subject item is just such an oar given it’s long blade associated with a sculling oar. For thousands of years vessels were powered either by sails, or by the mechanical work of rowers, or by paddlers. Some ancient vessels were propelled by both oars and sail, depending on the speed and direction of the wind. Wooden oars, with canoe-shaped pottery, dating from 5000–4500 BC have been discovered in a Hemudu culture site at Yuyao, Zhejiang, in modern China. The history of man using wooden oars to propel a boat has a considerable record in marine archaeology going back many centuries. The item is significant for marine archaeology as it gives a snapshot into how a small row boat was powered using a wooden sculling oar. A method of propelling a small boat still used today an example is the gondoliers in Venice using a sculling oar in a circular motion to propel his craft. Single sculling oar with long flat blade, two copper bands, on blade with rowlock fittingNoneflagstaff hill, warrnambool, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, boat oar, sculling oar, row boat -
Uniting Church Archives - Synod of Victoria
Photograph, C1947
Hilda Charlotte Foster, 1902 - 1990, was a Double Certified Nurse when, at the age of 35, she successfully applied to the board of the Australian Inland Mission (AIM) to work at an outback field centre in South Australia. Born and raised in suburban Melbourne, she had been inspired by stories told to her by other missionaries about the fulfilment to be gained working amongst Aboriginal communities. Given her religious faith and nursing skills, she believed she could make a difference. She worked in Oodnadatta in South Australia for two years (1937-1939), followed by a stint in Innamincka in New South Wales in 1940 -1942. Before she became a nurse, Hilda Foster trained to be a Sunday School teacher and was a member of the Sunday School Council of Victoria. She completed first aid courses run through the Presbyterian Deaconesses Institute in Carlton, Victoria, and in 1930 successfully applied to become a trainee nurse at the Austin Hospital for Incurables, in Heidelberg. She commenced her training there in 1931, before moving to the Women's Hospital in 1933. In 1934 she had six months at the Fairfield Infectious Diseases Hospital, before returning to the Austin, where she was employed when she sat her final exams in November 1934. Her combined skills made her a most attractive option for the Australian Inland Mission. As well as being multi-skilled as a nurse, she provided religious instruction and spiritual ministry to members of the community. https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/762093?c=people Sister Foster nursed at Toora Bush Hospital prior to leaving for the Paton Memorial Hospital, Vila, New Hebrides in 1944. She left the New Hebrides in 1946.Matt, black and white, head and shoulders, studio portrait of Sister Hilda Charlotte Foster on card.australian inland mission, presbyterian deaconess, sister hilda charlotte foster, paton memorial hospital vila new hebrides -
Federation University Art Collection
Artwork, other - Artwork, 'Ghosts in the Himalayas (Shot Up)' by Lisa Anderson, 2016
Dr Lisa ANDERSON (1958- ) Dr Anderson’s research questions environmental issues that impact on the social structures of communities and their mapped or metaphysical borders. She develops projects around ways of understanding the effects of climate change. These include work with folklore, legends and religions that tell stories of coping with weather, forced migration of animals and people and coping with difference. She has undertaken international residency programs and exhibitions in the Arctic, Iceland, Paris, Norway, London and China, and she was the first Artist in Residence at the Australian Museum. These unique opportunities continue an extensive art practice of installation work, video, photography and sculpture. Anderson has an extensive record of exhibitions in Australia and overseas with work included in both private and corporate collections. Her exhibitions include Journeys: Due North, a large installation work that includes work created over a 10-year period of engagement in expedition and science work North of the Arctic Circle. Beneath the Beauty of Architecture, an exhibition at her London Gallery, Bicha, used images created in China, Nunuvut Territory in Canada and the Antarctic while working with the migration stories of survival. Dr Anderson has created many large scale artworks that challenge notions of occupation of the City, including Writing the City, a three-year program of installation works to shift the use of Sydney to being a city of public space in its pre-Olympic development. Singing up Stones celebrated the people who created and use the Opera House and the Quay for performance and ideas. This included the first image projection onto the Sydney Opera House, a projection onto the Sydney Harbour Bridge and a ballet of cruise liners with the sound simulcast on the local radio station. Two digital prints with acrylic on metal and bullet holes. This work is the result of research on the hidden voice of landscape undertaken by Dr Lisa Anderson while an Honorary Professor at Federation University Australia. lisa anderson, available -
Disability Sport & Recreation Victoria
Newsletter, Paravics Newsletter Vol. 1 No. 12, May 1972 - Paraplegic and Quadriplegic Association of Victoria, May 1971
The Paravics Sports Club, now known as Disability Sport and Recreation Victoria, was formed in 1962 to help a group of eight athletes with disability compete in national and international sporting competitions. Apart from its goal for advocating for greater sporting and recreation opportunities for disabled athletes, Paravics / Paraplegic and Quadriplegic Association of Victoria also sought to bring awareness and advocacy to the general needs of wheelchair bound persons. The newsletter, the first for 1972, includes numerous news items, including: - Notes from Dr Burke of the Austin Hospital's Spinal Unit, on a year-long of tour of overseas spinal centres, principally in South Africa, France, United Kingdom, and the United States. Burke notes that based on his observations during tour, the standard and quality of treatment at the Austin for spinal injuries is "As good as anywhere in the world and in some respects the best, particularly that of early treatment after injury". Burke also notes the difference in attitudes between different countries in terms of research focus, equipment and technology, the use of sport as a rehabilitation tool for people with permanent spinal injuries, and staffing levels and education. - Job vacancies - News from the Quadriplegic Activities Group. - Information about various auxiliary groups and fundraising efforts. - News about members of the organisation. - A letter from Mrs D. Kendall about her efforts to improve the situation for disabled car drivers with regards to parking, and for providing wheelchairs to various venues for the purposes of providing access to such places as the Myer Music Bowl, parks, gardens, etc With the introduction of the metric system in Australia, Paravics attempted to use the adoption of the metric system for a fundraising campaign called "mark a metre", which included a poster attached to the newsletter.Three photocopied sheets (6 pages, double-sided), full-text.This newsletter contains six pages of news items.paravics sports club, disabled sports, wheelchair sport, mike jarrett, paraplegic and quadriplegic association of victoria -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - DRAINAGE PROBLEMS - WATER IN NEW CHUM MINES
Handwritten copy of Bendigo Advertiser reports of water in New Chum Mines. (1) 'The water rose yesterday, 9 feet in the Victoria Quartz mine and now at 3215 ft. Bgo. Adv 6/7/1910 page 7. (2) 'New Chum Mines. Futile attempts to cope with water. Despite the fact that bailing is being carried on steadily, the water has risen 55 feet in the last 24 hours, and is now up to 3160 feet. New Chum Consolidated has since last week raised 327,000 galls, but the bailing has made no perceptible difference. The Lazarus to start on Monday.' Bgo Adv 9/7/1910 Page 9. (3) Letter to Adv by A. L.N. Excerpts. 'Bailing should have commenced at New Chum Railway.' 'The bulk of water is at South end. 3.5 million galls per month, divided between South Belle Vue, Eureka Extended and New Chum Railway.' 'In black and white, the Railway in the wet season, July last year with the aid of the Cornish Lift, raised 2.25 million galls, besides attending to those employed below.' 'Safe to say that 3.5 million galls per month could be raised from the present water level.' 'The plant is strong with abundance of steam space which would allow the firewood to be used economically under the barborous Cornish Boiler or wood-eaters'. Bgo Adv 14/7/1910.document, gold, drainage problems, new chum drainage association, water in new chum mines, victoria quartz, new chum consolidated, lazarus, new chum railway, south belle vue, eureka extended, cornish lift, bendigo advertiser 6/7/1910 page 7, bendigo advertiser 9/7/1910 page 9, bendigo advertiser 14/7/1910 -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Document - List, State Electricity Commission of Victoria (SECV), "Numbers and Particulars of Trams" - Ballarat, 5/08/1964
Yields information about the dimensions and equiipment on Ballarat Tramcars operated by the SEC.Typed List of tramcars and their details for Ballarat dated 5-August-1964, titled "Numbers and Particulars of Trams". Prepared by Les Denmead, typed by PB. Ballarat - typed carbon copy - two sheets, are taped together. Gives details of where purchased from , date of purchase, type, body builder, seating capacity, overall length, overall height, overall width, condition of tram, trolley base, Lightning arrester, controller make and type, Truck Maker and type, type of truck, axle type, wheel base, axle diameter, motors type and maker, Motor horsepower, Armature bearings, suspension bearings, gear teeth, Air compressor make and type, Brake Valves make and type, Governor make and type, Weight in tons and details of advertising space in racks. At base has typed (original) list of trams of the two types, single truckers and bogie trams. List of trams includes the scrubber and No. 20 which was scrapped prior to system closure. See also 8721 and 8722 for other versions - different dates and 8690 for a Bendigo list. Note: Framed copies of both Ballarat and Bendigo are held in the depot. Some changes have been made to the tramcars since the preparation of this sheet and there are some errors and differences. See also Reg Item 6879 for an annotated version.In black ink, top right hand corner - "Ballarat Tramway Preservation Society Cat No. 613"tramcars, ballarat, equipment, lists, data -
Melbourne Legacy
Document - Press Release 1975, Melbourne Legacy, One Man's Legacy, 1975
A press release from Melbourne Legacy in 1975 which relates the story of George Knocks who joined Legacy and left a bequest that made a difference. The information was intended to be used by press and magazines etc. A longer version of the story is in the Weekly Bulletin - 29 Sept 1964. George was described as a lonely ex-seaman who migrated to Australia after the first world war. He learnt about Legacy and the work with widows and children. 'He joined up as a Legatee and from that day, the pattern of life changed greatly for George. He became absorbed in his new environment and spent most of his time with the children. The mothers founding him a rugged, but completely trustworthy friend.' When George died he was mourned by many Legacy friends. His left his property to four comrades, as trustees to use in continuing Legacy's work. As a result, a great many people in Legacy's care were helped, in all sorts of ways. One of them was Barry. Barry's father had died as a POW in a Japanese prison, and his mother had lost all her possessions in evacuating from Malaya. Barry had a disability and in time a new treatment was found, but it was expensive. Then Legacy came to aid Barry with money from the George Knocks fund. After long series of operations and treatments Barry made a wonderful recovery. While the fund ran out during the treatment, the last cost was met by The Stanley Savige Memorial Trust, which was a fund raised by the members of Legacy to honour the memory of their former leader. Barry went on to prosperous work, self sufficiency and a lovely marriage. Due partially to Legatee George Knocks, his bequest and the support of Legacy. More information on George Knocks includes his passport and a longer version of his story. See 02151 and 02152 and 02153.A record of how Legacy promoted their work in the 1970s and the story of the life of a legatee.Yellow foolscap page x 2 with black type of a press release in 1975.Title 'One Man's Legacy''press release, promotion, bequests, george knocks -
Puffing Billy Railway
Great Train Race Sign, 1982
an original Great Train Race publicity sign - from inaugural first great train race held on 16 May 1982 ran by the Puffing Billy Preservation society to raise funds for the restoration of G42 Garratt Locomotive Historic - Puffing Billy Railway - PBRS fPublicity event signGreat Train Race Sign - Black printed ink Paper sign glued on to Masonite wood The Great Train Race - 16 May 1982 - 13.5km Belgrave to Emerald Lake a fun run with a difference - "Race Puffing Billy " can you beat Victorias famous 76 year old train ? are you fit enough? Start 9 am at Belgrave Railway Station and enjoy a Sunday morning jog thru the scenic Dandenongs - join your family & friends at beautiful emerald lake finish - enjoy BBQ facilities & other family attractions Prizes outright winner ( not Puffing Billy ) will receive two return tickets to USA on Pan Am Team Prize the four runners with the fastest aggregate team time will each win a return air ticket to Sydney on TAA to compete in the 1982 "the Sun City to surf" Random draws of entrants will be made at 11Am for the many other valuable;e prizes - all proceeds to aid the restoration of Puffing Billy's big brother G42 PAN AM TAA Trans Australia Airlines -
Bendigo Military Museum
Photograph - Detachment - Army Survey Regiment, Bonegilla, Victoria, c1973
This is a set of three photographs of personnel from the Detachment - Army Survey Regiment taken in front of its main map production building at Bonegilla, Victoria in c1973. This cartographic map production sub-unit of the Army Survey Regiment operated in buildings owned by the School of Military Survey from 17th of June 1970 to the 30th of September 1985. A total of 800 topographic maps ranging in scale from 1:25,000 to 1: 250,000 scale were completed. A major focus of production in the 1970s was the cartographic completion of the Papua-New Guinea 1:100,000 map series and the Flexiflow quality control system was developed as a tool to coordinate production. The Flexiflow system comprised a series of job plans and charts linked to a task allocation to resource magnetic planning board. Using critical path analysis and task prioritisation, complex job planning was efficiently scheduled, and re-prioritisations readily made. Reproduction requirements were effectively coordinated by way of weekly courier to the Army Survey Regiment at Bendigo. Supervisors and technicians fully embraced the system as they could understand their role, others around them and the positive production achievements. WO1 Bill Boyd (who does not appear in this photograph) was the technical warrant officer for 11 years at the Detachment was awarded the OAM, the Order of Australia Medal for leading the development and the implementation of the Flexiflow system. By mid-1982, production of maps at these scales was undertaken digitally on Bendigo’s AUTOMAP 2 system and the Detachment reverted to production of small-scale large format RAAF aeronautical charts. Detachment personnel managed to produce 18 charts in the following two years, which was an impressive achievement for the staff, given major differences in format, specification and scales. Development of digital production of aeronautical charts in 1984-85 led to gradual reduction in production output and contracting out production was instigated to meet the shortfall and as a consequence the Detachment closed in September 1985. See pages 177 to 180 of Valerie Lovejoy’s book 'Mapmakers of Fortuna – A history of the Army Survey Regiment’ ISBN: 0-646-42120-4. for more information on the history of the Detachment at Bonegilla.This is a set of three photographs of the Detachment - Army Survey Regiment taken in front of the main map production building at Bonegilla, Victoria in c1973. The photographs were printed on photographic paper and are part of the Army Survey Regiment’s Collection. The photographic proofs were scanned at 600 dpi. .1) to .3) - Photo, black & white c1973. Back Row L to R: Peter Simpson, Chris Edwards, unidentified (x2), Colin Harden, Rowan Gillies, Bob Rowley OAM, Steve Hansen, Stu Thaxter. Centre Row L to R: Kevin Boehm, Dennis McCarthy, Peter Cross, unidentified, Brian Ryan, unidentified, Ian Marner, unidentified, Phil Smalley. Front Row L to R: Geoff Haynes, Bruce Wetzig, Dave Thompson, unidentified, OC Bob Roche, Ike Lever, John McCulloch, Dick Barwald, unidentified. There are no personnel annotated.royal australian survey corps, rasvy, army survey regiment, detachment - army survey regiment, army svy regt, asr -
Puffing Billy Railway
6 NBH - Passenger Carriage - Excursion Car, 9/ 7/1900
6NBH - Excursion Car NBH SECOND-CLASS EXCURSION CAR. The H was recognising their use for "Holiday" traffic. 15 of these cars were built in 1919 and numbered 1-15. Two more were built in 1981, and numbered 16 & 17. Two extended versions for wheelchair passengers were built in 1981 & 1983. These were numbered 51 & 52 - a separate number series due to the different type of vehicle. Six, numbered 18-23, were built in 1997-98. These had steel frames, padded seats, and a wide "window sill". At first glance they look the same as the previous NBHs. There are other minor construction differences due to the use of steel framing. 18NBH entered traffic 19/4/1997; 19NBH on 5/12/1997; 20NBH on 19/12/1997, the others added in 1998. VR Service History : 9/ 7/1900 NWS Built new as 46 NQR converted & renumbered to 12/ 4/1919 - To NBH 6. VR Service History NQR 46.VA - 9/ 7/1900 NWS Built new - 12/ 4/1919 - To NBH 6.VA - *NBH 6.VA - circa 1919 - Reference Photo SL20 p20 / 6/1928 - Modified AC Malco BO circa 1955 - Condemned - / 5/1967 BEL Photograph #9.2: part view Puffing Billy Service History or Notes 12 Apr 1919 - Nos 1 to 6 NBH (new) delivered to UPPER FERN TREE GULLY after this date. PRO photos NBH CLASS CARRIAGE No.6 CARRIAGE NARROW GAUGE PERSPECTIVE VIEW PRO Photo RS 0059 http://wiki.prov.vic.gov.au/thumbs/12800-P0004-000007-010t.jpg NBH CLASS CARRIAGE No.6 CARRIAGE NARROW GAUGE SIDE VIEW PRO Photo RS 0060 http://wiki.prov.vic.gov.au/thumbs/12800-P0004-000007-020t.jpg NBH CLASS CARRIAGE No.6 NARROW GAUGE PICNIC TRUCK INTERIOR PRO Photo RS 0062 http://wiki.prov.vic.gov.au/thumbs/12800-P0004-000007-040t.jpgHistoric - Victorian Railways Narrow Gauge - Passenger Rolling Stock: Excursion Car6 NBH - Passenger Carriage - Excursion Car made of wrought iron and timber6NBHpuffing billy railway, nbh, narrow gauge, victorian railways, excursion car -
Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village
Container - Bottle, Late 19th century or early 20th century
Glass manufacturing has evolved over thousands of years. Glass making has been traced back to 3500 BC in Mesopotamia. The earliest known glass objects were beads, perhaps made by accident while working with metal. In the late Bronze Age, several civilizations discovered how to make vessels and glass bottles by wrapping threads of melted glass around cores of sand or clay. Later, moulds were used to form dishes and table wares. Around the 1st century BC, glassblowing was discovered. This made glass containers less expensive than pottery. Mould-blown glass, the process of blowing a piece of molten glass into a wooden or metal mould, was invented during the 1st century AD. This technique was faster with more consistent results. It paved the way for mass production. It wasn’t until the late 1800s that the production process to become more efficient. In 1887, a company in England created a semi-automatic process that could produce up to 200 bottles an hour. This process has been refined to the point where modern machines can yield more than 600 containers per minute. Blown vs. Manufactured Glass Bottles Nowadays, glass bottles, jars, and cups are usually manufactured on a bigger scale than is found in individual glassblowing studios. If we still depended on hand-blown glass for all of our glass containers, we would see some major differences in the process of creating bottles and jars. First, there's the time. Hand blowing glass takes a significant amount of time, even for one simple container. In contrast, hundreds of jars per minute can be made using modern technology. This leads to the second advantage: price. Because of the automated and streamlined process, the price for manufactured containers is much lower than that of hand-blown glass. Third, manufactured bottles will be much more consistently uniform than bottles blown by hand. Automated glass manufacturing produces nearly identical batches of jars. Glass blowing is awesome for unique, beautiful pieces of art. But for lots of lower priced and uniformly shaped containers, automatic manufacturing is the preferred method to create glass bottles and jars. https://www.containerandpackaging.com/resources/glass-bottles-brief-history The invention and development of glass for domestic items including bottles, has been nothing short of revolutionary. The use of glass bottles, that could be easily washed, led to improved hygiene, and mass manufacturing of drinks of all types, including milk, cordial and alcoholic beverages.Green Glass Bottle Possibly a ginger beer bottle.Concave indentation at the base. Also on base are two raised lumps. flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, glass -
University of Melbourne, Burnley Campus Archives
Photograph - Black and white photographs, James (Jim) Pleasance, Pruning Display
Photographs of various sizes pasted on cardboard for display purposes. Some annotated. (1) (2) Difference between leaf and fruit buds. (3) "The 'rod' or whip is most suitable plant to commence training." (4) Planted and pruned fruit tree. "School of Horticulture and Primary Agriculture Burnley B. 1 " stamped on reverse. (5) "Pear Tree-Unpruned (1) June." (6) "Same Pear Tree-Pruned (2) June." (7) Young unpruned "William bon Chretien". Reverse, Burnley Stamp. (8) Same tree pruned. Reverse, Burnley Stamp. (9) Unpruned pear tree. (10) "Narrabben" plum before inserting branch spreaders. (11) With branch spreaders. (12) Close up of some of its branches without spreaders. (13) Close up of branch with seaders. (14) Plum tree with spreaders. (16) Close up of fruiting spurs. (17) "Apple Blossom Oct. Reverse, p 163(Oct." )(18) Same photograph enlarged. (20) Close up of fruiting buds. (21) Old unpruned apricot tree. (22) "Unpruned branch of apricot tree." (23) Close up of apricot branch. (24) "Same branch-apricot-pruned June Reverse, p99 (June)."(25) Pruned branch stump of mature fruit tree.(26) "Clean saw cuts with sharp knife." (27) "Treat all large wounds on trees to avoid infection by wood rotting fungus." (28) "Apply coating of lead paint or grafting mastic." (29) "Branch of lemon-unpruned Aug. Reverse, p157 (Sept.)." (30) "Same branch of lemon-pruned Aug. Reverse, p 157 Aug."(31) "Young climbing rose-ready for planting-July." (32, 33) Grape vine before pruning. (34) Same vine pruned and trained. (35) Older vine pruned.fruit bud, rod, whip, school of horticulture and primary agriculture, burnley, pear tree, spreaders, plum tree, apricot tree, fungus, lead paint, lemon, roses, grape vine, leaf bud, training, fruiting spurs, apple blossom, grafting mastic -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Ephemera - Ticket/s, Melbourne & Metropolitan Tramways Board (MMTB), Set of 17 decimal currency MMTB / MTA / The Met, tram tickets, Mid 1960's to mid 1980's
Set of 17 decimal currency MMTB / MTA / The Met, tram tickets. All black printing unless noted otherwise. A variety of small size (55H x 26W) or large format (68H x 31W). .1 - 30c, large, on light pink paper, printed with red ink, No. Aa398115 .2 - 35c, large, off white paper, printed with light green ink, No. At 660840 .3 - 35c, large, off white paper, printed with dark green ink, Ac672942 .4 - ditto, but number Abc 573789 .5 - 40c, large, on off-white paper, but printed with a black pattern in the background, Ad 609815 .6 - 40c, large, on grey paper, Aa019636 .7 - 45c, large, on off white paper, printed with pink ink and the price in reverse image Aw 327624 .8 - 45c, large, on off white paper, printed with a pink pattern in the background, Ac596735 .9 - 50c, large on yellow paper, Ac382471 .10 - 50c, large on off white paper, printed in green ink with the price in reverse image Bb571083 .11 - 60c, large, on off white paper, printed in red ink, Ba454229 .12 - 60c, large, on off white paper, printed in brown ink with the price in reverse image Be 045844 .13 and .14 - 75c, large on off white paper, printed with teal ink, U508902 (issued by MTA), also R070196 .15 - 80c, large on off white paper, printed with dark green ink, Bb231639 .16 - 80c, large on off white paper, printed with green ink, issued by The Met, E873522 .17 - $1 - large, on off white paper, Aa431186 See also Reg Item 3342 for similar tickets, but with some differences.trams, tramways, mmtb, mta, the met, tickets, city section -
Melbourne Legacy
Document, Why I founded the Somers Camp, 1933
A typed reprint of an article that appeared in The Herald. It is an account of the founding of Somers Camp by Lord Somers. The camp began in 1921 when the Duke of York started a summer camp for boys at Littlestone Aerodrome in England. It was an experiment in bringing together boys from different walks of life to encourage understanding and mutual appreciation of each other. While Lord Somers was Governor of Victoria he started a similar camp here with equal success. Part of the text: "Our aim is to change and improve the mental attitude of the boys to each other — to beget a state of mind in which the two sets merge in each other. As the period of the Camp is short — only one week — every effort is made to give the boys full scope for recreation and play. We do not wish to give them a busman's holiday and saddle them with numerous domestic duties, and so they are free of nearly all these, and can devote the whole of their time to themselves. We wish, too, to give them absolute freedom, with as little hampering discipline as possible, and so long as the simple rules of the Camp, such as punctuality at meals and so on are observed, they can do what they like. The Group Leaders take charge of the organised sports, and as each group is composed of boys from both school and workshop, unity is preserved. Superficial differences in worldly pros perity vanish at the Camp; you can't tell one from t'other; a feeling of comradeship in a common life manifests itself; a spirit of loyalty to each other, and to the ideals behind the camp quickly emerges; artificial barriers tumble down, and we are all one, That, in brief, is the spirit of the Camp. But, of course, that is not the beginning and end of it, for if it were, the benefit would be merely temporary, and the effects would pass off. And so I come to the other and, to my mind, the more important function of the movement which finds expression in what we call the Power House. The Power House is a continuation of the Camp. Every boy who attends the Camp becomes automatically a member of the Power House. The Camp is the Open Sesame to the Power House, and whereas in the Camp the boy has merely enjoyed himself, when he graduates to the Power House he begins to imbibe the spirit of service and to learn that he has responsibilities, both to himself and to others. The Power House has already taken concrete form in the shape of a building in the Albert Park which constitutes a sort of headquarters."A record of the camp at Somers in the words of the founder.Foolscap page x 2 of black type of an article in the HeraldHandwritten 'JL11/10' in black pen, 'Lord Somers and Power House' in blue pen.camp, lord somers camp, lord somers -
National Wool Museum
Booklet - Member's Ticket, 1962-1972
The National Wool Museum accepted a donation from Brian Licence in 2022 of several mementoes relating to his career in the wool industry. Brian studied Wool Classing and worked for a decade in this profession before moving to Melbourne which required him to change careers. These Member’s Tickets served as proof of Brian’s membership to the Woolclassers’ Association of Australia from 1962 to 1972. The Woolclassers' Association of Australia was a trade union representing Woolclassers in Australia. It amalgamated with the Australian Workers Union in 2009. The Association had 1200 members in 1997. 11 individual-coloured booklets, 10 original and 1 duplicate. The duplicate is from the year 1965/1966 when Brian Licence transferred from being a probationary member of the Woolclassers’ Association of Australia to a full member and hence received a new ticket which reflected this change. Internally, there is no difference in any of the booklets over the 10 years. Externally, there is only a slight change, with the Woolclassers’ Association of Australia's logo being included from 1965/1966 onwards. The booklets are a single piece of card folded at the middle to make 4 pages. The first page gives the name of the association, the year of issue, and in later years the Association's logo. Internally, the booklet provides the location of the Association, the name, address, and signature of who the booklet certifies, and details about the member’s rank, an Overseer, Expert, Full, or Probationary Member. The date and signature of the Secretary of the Association conclude the internal pages. On the rear page, the Head Offices of the Woolclassers’ Association of Australia branches in NSW, Victoria & Tasmania, South Australia, Western Australia, and Queensland are provided. Booklet one is on yellow card with black text and is for the years 1962/1963 Booklet two is on aqua card with black text and is for the years 1963/1964 Booklet three is on blue card with black text and is for the years 1964/1965 Booklet four is on orange card with black text and is for the years 1965/1966 Booklet five is on orange card with black text and is for the years 1966/1967 Booklet six is on red card with black text and is for the years 1967/1968 Booklet seven is on white card with green text and is for the years 1968/1969 Booklet eight is on turquoise card with black text and is for the years 1969/1970 Booklet nine is on cream card with black text and is for the years 1970/1971 Booklet ten is on a lavender card with blue text and is for the years 1971/1972 Booklet eleven is on peach card with black text and is for the years 1972/1973 Multiple. See multimediawool classing, brian licence, woolclassers’ association of australia -
Melbourne Legacy
Document, Girls Legacy Classes, 1976
A recollection of information about Girls Legacy Club and its primary instructor Miss Enez Domec Carre. It was written by C.E. Chancellor in June 1976. "Draft only. Girls Legacy Classes When I was attached to Girls' Classes after being transferred from Mildura Club to Melbourne, I found that the difference between the administration of the Girls' and the Boys' Classes was that the Girls' Classes were centralised in one building in Market Street, whilst the Boys' Classes were held in Melbourne and in various suburbs. The building in Market Street was leased from the Melbourne City Council, it was old, had narrow stairways, small rooms and was dusty and noisy so that is can be appreciated that the classes were held under great difficulties and inconvenience. Classes were held on both Friday and Tuesday nights of each week and the girls were trained in physical culture, ballet and dancing, and most of them also attended a speech training class. The girls were divided into Junior, Intermediate and Senior girls, and the hourly classes commenced at 5 p.m. It will be appreciated that after WW2 the numbers of girls attending increased considerably (actual numbers may be on old files) and it was necessary for the overall organisation to be efficient for this work to be efficiently carried out. In retrospect I do not think that too great a tribute can be paid to Miss Enez Domec Carre, F.P.C.V., not only for her great ability in teaching the physical culture and dancing classes, but also because she became the confidant of the mothers and the girls for their particular problems, and was able to transmit these to the Class Legatees, and she also assisted in helping to solve them - and be sure there were many of them with so many girls and families involved. Miss Carre was also responsible for the many magnificent presentations of the various items learnt by the Classes during each year and of the merging of individual classes held at various times and days to enable them to be so successfully shown at the each annual Legacy Parade. Miss Carre also organised the Mothers, Legatees' wives and friends into sewing groups to provide the thousands of costumes required for the items presented, and naturally she had to design these costumes - all of this work was carried out, as previously mentioned, under the extreme difficulties they were working under in the Market Street building. The purchase of Legacy House and the transfer of classes to this building was of immense help and importance in the carrying on of these classes which have proved so valuable to Legacy work. Many of the girls - now Mothers and Grandmothers still help in Legacy work and still appreciate the value of the Girls' Classes were to them. C.E. Chancellor cc. to Legatees A.R. Beattie / Larkin / Gibsey"A nice summary of the work done by Miss Enez Domec Carre for Legacy and the conditions the classes were held in prior to moving to Legacy House.White foolscap paper with black type x 2 pages recollecting the contribution Miss Enez Domec Carre to the Girls Physical Culture Classes as well as details of location of classes.girls' classes, girls' club, junior legatee -
Federation University Historical Collection
Book, University of Ballarat Research + Innovation Digest
Black soft covered book of 48 pages. Contents include: * Technologies that combat climate change by Alberto Boretti * Case Studies in keeping food safe by Benu Adhikari * Learning to lead - leading to learn by Neil Trivett * Depression, diabetes and motivation by Mirella di Benedetto * Valueing Lake Wendouree by Julian Lowe * What's in a Name by Laura Kostanski * Optimizing regional and international research by John Yerwood * Sport, physical activity and health research by Warren paynbe * Climate secrets in sediments by Peter Gell * UB Sports Injuty Centre supported by IOC * Men's Sheds and other learning places by Barry Golding * New economy, new work, new qualificatins by Erica Smith * Cross-Cultural communications in a shrinking world by Georgina Tsoldis * Child Protection and family services reform by Angela Murphy * Making a difference for older Victorians by Sally Wellard * Making good (and goodly) profits by Jackie Tuck * Not too much 'ordinary' about The Ordinary by Lorraine Sim * Gaming machines and regional gamblers by John McDonald * Toe nail clippings reveal their secrets by Kim Dowling * Magnificently preserves magafauna trackways in the Victorian volcanic plains * A stuttering start for a stunning outcome * Supporting patients and theor carers * Out od Africa and beyond * Taking a hard lok to avaid hard knocks * Skilling people for business success by Andy Smith * Promoting risk awareness in industry by David Borys * Researching China's rise and ris by Mike Willis * Sex hormones link to heart disease by Fadi Charchar * Human Factors in computer security * Are our rivers up the creek by Peter Gell * Wmen as managers and entrepreneurs by Glenice Wood * Revisioning values and norms by Jane Mummery * 'Wimmera' - an Epic Poem by Homer Rieth * Recycling, consumerism, climate change and art practice by Marie Purtill * Investing in ecologically sustainable development by jerry Courvisanos * Indigenous peoples of the goldfields * Astists install images of sustanability by Jill Orr "Addressing disadvantage and nequality with passion by John Smyth * Breaking up insulin hexamers by Mark Myers david battersby, research, frank stagnitti, jill orr, john smyth, fred cahir, peter gell, andy smith, grant meredith, stuttering, kim dowling, stephen carey, megafauna, john mcdonaldgaming machines, men's sheds, barry golding -
Halls Gap & Grampians Historical Society
Newspaper - Photocopy
The article shows a photo of the original Hall's Gap Hall and the (then) new Hall, which was built in 1956. The copy has been scanned as two separate images (because it was too large for the scanner). the second image is stored under "Additional Images". HISTORY OF HALL'S GAP HALL: No village, no matter how small, could possibly survive without a public meeting place, and Hall's Gap was no exception, even in 1899-1900. Actually it was the locals of Stony Creek village, as Hall's Gap was known for a short time, who decided to hold a meeting to find out how much interest there was in building a town hall! They soon found out that support was overwhelming, as can be seen by the fact that 14 gentlemen nominated for a position on the committee of four! Several motions were moved at that meeting, mainly with reference to the materials to be used, for instance that no "wattle and daub", but rather slabs of bark and local bush logs be used. The walls were to be constructed of slabs, 6 feet long, 9 inches wide and two inches thick. Uprights were to be 9 feet high and at least 9 inches thick. Sheets of bark, all 32 of them, had to be 8 feet by 8 feet. Tenders for the building materials were called on 9 March 1899 and, 21 days later, McKeon Brothers won the right to supply all the material for the princely sum of 4 pounds 10 shillings. The size of the hall was to be 20 feet by 10 feet. The first hall served the community well for the next thirteen years, being regularly used as a place of entertainment and religious worship. The growing community soon realised the need for a larger venue, with better facilities, so once again the townsfolk rallied to raise funds for a new hall, realising their dream around 1913. In 1921 a schoolteacher was provided by the education department but as there was no school building she was expected to use the hall. Mainly lessons were held in the kitchen as it was much warmer than the hall itself, and it was not unusual for up to twenty children to be taught, ranging in age from 5 to 14 years. It was not until 1928 that an official school was built. 1955-56 were years of great excitement. The Progress Association was in charge of deciding the format for the new hall, and there were many rowdy meetings beforehand. Some members had much more vision than others, and to some the amount of money required seemed astronomical. Two hall committee members resigned over differences of opinion but amazingly it all came together in the end, albeit at a greater cost than had been anticipated. There is only one record of a grant being made for the building,1500 pounds, and it came for the Minister of Public Works. Estimated cost of the building was around 8,000 pounds, and when finally finished it was just slightly over, but bank charges and interest took it to well over 9,000 pounds. An electric light generator was included and lighting installed. The SEC electricity was connected in 1962.A copy of a newspaper article entitled 'The Old . . . and the Present!', which includes two photographs.buildings, halls -
Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village
Animal specimen - Whale Tooth, Probably 19th century
The toothed whales (also called odontocetes, systematic name Odontoceti) are a parvorder of cetaceans that includes dolphins, porpoises, and all other whales possessing teeth, such as the beaked whales and sperm whales. Seventy-three species of toothed whales are described. They are one of two living groups of cetaceans, the other being the baleen whales (Mysticeti), which have baleen instead of teeth. The two groups are thought to have diverged around 34 million years ago (mya). Toothed whales range in size from the 4.5 ft (1.4 m) and 120 lb (54 kg) vaquita to the 20 m (66 ft) and 55 t (61-short-ton) sperm whale. Several species of odontocetes exhibit sexual dimorphism, in that there are size or other morphological differences between females and males. They have streamlined bodies and two limbs that are modified into flippers. Some can travel at up to 20 knots. Odontocetes have conical teeth designed for catching fish or squid. They have well-developed hearing, that is well adapted for both air and water, so much so that some can survive even if they are blind. Some species are well adapted for diving to great depths. Almost all have a layer of fat, or blubber, under the skin to keep warm in the cold water, with the exception of river dolphins. Toothed whales consist of some of the most widespread mammals, but some, as with the vaquita, are restricted to certain areas. Odontocetes feed largely on fish and squid, but a few, like the killer whale, feed on mammals, such as pinnipeds. Males typically mate with multiple females every year, but females only mate every two to three years, making them polygynous. Calves are typically born in the spring and summer, and females bear the responsibility for raising them, but more sociable species rely on the family group to care for calves. Many species, mainly dolphins, are highly sociable, with some pods reaching over a thousand individuals. Once hunted for their products, cetaceans are now protected by international law. Some species are attributed with high levels of intelligence. At the 2012 meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, support was reiterated for a cetacean bill of rights, listing cetaceans as nonhuman persons. Besides whaling and drive hunting, they also face threats from bycatch and marine pollution. The baiji, for example, is considered functionally extinct by the IUCN, with the last sighting in 2004, due to heavy pollution to the Yangtze River. Whales occasionally feature in literature and film, as in the great white sperm whale of Herman Melville's Moby-Dick. Small odontocetes, mainly dolphins, are kept in captivity and trained to perform tricks. Whale watching has become a form of tourism around the world. Reference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toothed_whaleWhale teeth were much prized for use in scrimshaw work.Whale tooth. Significant staining and yellowing. Broken at base, and missing the root.Noneflagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, whale tooth, whaling, whaling industry, whales -
Federation University Historical Collection
Book, University of Ballarat Research + Innovation Digest
Black, soft covered book of 48 pages outlining research at the University of Ballarat. Contents include: * Case studies in keeping food safe, Benu Adhikari * technologies that combat climate change - Alberto Boretti *Learning t lead- leading to learn, Neil Trivett * Depression, diabities and motivation, Mirella Di Benedetto * Valuing Lake Wendouree, Julian Lowe * What's in a name, Laura Kostanski * Optimizing Regional & International Research, John Yearwood * Sport, physical activity and health research, Warren Payne * Climate secrets in the sediments, Peter Gell * Injury prevention and saftey promotion research theme, UB Sports injury centre, Caroline Finch, Men's Sheds & other learning places, Barry Golding * New economy, new work, new qualifications, Erica Smith * Cross-cultural communication in a shrinking world, Georgina Tsolidis * Child Protection & family services reform, Angela Murphy * making a difference for older Victorians, Sally Wellard * Making good (and goodly) profits, jackie tuck * Not too much 'ordinary' about Teh Ordinry, Lorraine Sim * Gaming Machines & regional gamblers * Toe nail clippings revel their secrets, Kim Dowling * Magnificently preserved megafaunal trackways in the Victorian volcanic plans, Stephen Carey * A stuttering start for a stunning outcome, Grant Meridith * Supporting patients & their careres, Anthony Love * Out of Africa and beyond, James O'Meara * Taking a hard look to avoid hard knocks, Caroline Finch and Dara Twomey * Skilling people for business success, Andy Smith * Promoting risk awareness in industry, David Borys * researching China's Rise & Rise, Mike Willis *Sex hormones link to heart disease, Fadi Charchar * Human factors in computer security, Paul watters * Are our rivers up the creek, Peter Gell * Women as managers7 entrepreneurs, Glenice Wood * Revisoning values and norms, Jane Mummery * 'Wimmera" - an epic Poem, Homer Rieth * Recycling, consumerism, climate change and art peactice, marie Purtill * Investing in ecologically sustainable development, Jerry Coursisanos * Indigenous peoples of the goldfields, Fred Cahir * Artists install images of sustainability, Jill Orr * addresing disadvantage& inequality with passion, John Smyth * Breaking up insulin haxamers, Mark Myersaborigines, mens shed, wimmera, gambling, megafauna, gell, golding, carey, cahir, purtill -
Vision Australia
Equipment - Object, Telesensory Systems, Optacon, 1974
The Optacon OPtical-to-TActile-CONverter is a compact, portable reading aid for the blind. It is about the size of a textbook, and weighs less than 2kg. It works by converting a printed image into a tactile image that a blind person can feel with one finger. After a period of training and practice, a blind person can use the Optacon to read ordinary books, magazines, newspapers, and other printed materials. The Optacon was developed after intensive research at Standford University, California, USA and was trialed by clients of the Royal Victorian Institute for the Blind (now part of Vision Australia) in 1973. It has three main sections: 1 a miniature camera, 2 an electronics section, and 3 a tactile stimulator array. The miniature camera, about the size of a pocket knife, is mounted in a housing that has rollers for easy movement along a line of print. The camera is connected to the electronics section by a lightweight cable. The electronics section and the tactile stimulator array are in the main chassis. The array consists of 144 tiny metal rods arranged in six vertical columns and 24 horizontal rows. Each of the rods can vibrate independently. The tips of these rods protrude through holes in a concave finger plate where the index finger is placed flat in order to read. These three components act together to convert the image of a printed letter or other shape into a pattern of vibrating rods, a tactile image of the letter or shape. The letter shape is tactually perceived as an image that moves from right to left on the finger, showing the left or leading edge of the letter first. Letters are felt sequentially rather than all at once, and the image should be kept moving. The Optacon converts a printed O into a tactile form that resembles a crater with a vibrating rim -- a completed circle. C would have a gap or opening on the right side of the curve. The letter F would be felt, sequentially, as a vertical line with two trailing horizontal lines. Because it can convert any ordinary printed image into a corresponding tactile image, the Optacon is not restricted to any special typestyle or language. The camera has a zoom lens that compensates for differences in the size of type. The standard Optacon lens can accommodate type sizes from 6 point to 20 point. With the optional F4A magnifier lens, type sizes as small as 4 point can be read. Powered by a rechargeable battery, and comes with its own battery charger. The battery is contained within the main chassis, and is not removable by the user. There are four basic controls on the Optacon: the Magnification Adjustment zoom button located on the camera section on the side opposite the rollers; and the On-Off switch, the Stimulator Intensity Adjustment knob, and the Threshold Adjustment knob located on the right side of the front panel. The Circuit Breaker protrudes from the right-hand wall inside the chassis compartment. From left to right when the back panel is facing you, are located: the jack for connecting the battery charger; the Battery Check button; the Normal-Invert switch; and the Input/Output I/O connector for use with the Visual Display, when using the Repeater Cable to connect two Optacons to one another or with other accessories. Designed not be removed from the leather case during normal operation, the On-Off switch is a slide switch located on the right side of the front panel. It slides up and snaps into place in the on position. 1 black with orange front, rectangular device in leather case assistive devices, audio equipment -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - BENDIGO TOWN HALL - THE BENDIGO CHORAL SOCIETY, 8 July, 1919
Bendigo Town Hall - The Bendigo Choral Society - Eighth Grand Concert, 8th July 1919. (Nett proceeds for Soldiers' Memorial Institute.) Artists: Miss Winnie Mayberry, Dorothy Penfold, A.R.C.M., Myrtle Knight, Mr John Danks. Conductor: Mr W C Frazier, A.R.C.O. Pianiste: Miss Muriel Hyett, L.A.B. Admission- 2/2 Reserved. 1/1 Ordinary. Subscribers may book at flights on and after 3rd July without extra fee. Holders of 2/2 tickets may also book without fee. Holders of 1/1 tickets may book paying the difference, 1/1. Patron: His Worship the Mayor Cr. Ambrose Dunston. President: Mr H M Leggo. Vice-Presidents; Sir John Quick, Cr W Beebe, Mr Oscar Flight, Mr E S Cahill, Mr D Berriman, Mr A L Bolton, Mr G E Bolton, Dr W J Long, Dr O Penfold, Mr J G Oliphant, Mr Alf E Wallis, Mr A Whitehead, Mr W Watts. From the performing Members: Mr E H Collett, Mr A W McGibboney. Conductor: Mr W C Frazier, A.R.C.O. Sub-Conductor: Mr E A Miller. Pianiste: Miss Muriel Hyett, L.A.B. Treasurer: Mr W H Dolphin. Librarians: Mr R J Druid and G L McCoy. Auditors: Mr H T Bayton & Mr D H Holden. Committee Office Bearers with Mesdames T Scott & Chisholm & Misses Colgan, Gail Field & Wheaton & Messrs Sleeman, Jeffery, McClure, Brown, F J Walter & Frank Wittscheibe. Programme. 'Gloria' 12th Mass, 'Allegro Moto Vivace', 'My Heart is Weary', 150th Psalm, 'Blow, Blow, Thou Winter Wind', 'Land of Hope and Glory', 'Resting Place', 'Vesta', 'Hungarian Rhapsody', 'Eri tu' (Un Ballo in Maschera), 'O, Little Snowflake', 'Ave Maria', 'The Hunting Song', 'God Bless Our Splendid Men.' The Bendigo Choral Society. Has for its primary object, the desire of giving all those interested in this beneficial branch of Musical Culture, the opportunity of learning by becoming members, and hearing by becoming subscribers, the fine Choral works of the great composers. We feel that the splendid qualities of our gifted conductor, Mr W C Frazier, are becoming more and more known to the public of Bendigo, and it is the constant Endeavour of . . . .Bolton Bros. Printers Bendigoprogram, theatre, the bendigo choral society, bendigo town hall - the bendigo choral society - eighth grand concert, 8th july 1919. (nett proceeds for soldiers' memorial institute.) artists: miss winnie mayberry, dorothy penfold, a.r.c.m., myrtle knight, mr john danks. conductor: mr w c frazier, a.r.c.o. miss muriel hyett, l.a.b. admission- 2/2 reserved. 1/1 ordinary. subscribers may book at flights. holders of 2/2 tickets may also book. his worship the mayor cr. ambrose dunston. president: mr h m leggo. vice-presidents; sir john quick, cr w beebe, mr oscar flight, mr e s cahill, mr d berriman, mr a l bolton, mr g e bolton, dr w j long, dr o penfold, mr j g oliphant, mr alf e wallis, mr a whitehead, mr w watts. from the performing members: mr e h collett, mr a w mcgibboney. conductor: mr w c frazier, a.r.c.o. sub-conductor: mr e a miller. pianiste: miss muriel hyett, l.a.b. treasurer: mr w h dolphin. librarians: mr r j druid and g l mccoy. auditors: mr h t bayton & mr d h holden. committee office bearers with mesdames t scott & chisholm & misses colgan, gail field & wheaton & messrs sleeman, jeffery, mcclure, brown, f j walter & frank wittscheibe. programme. 'gloria' 12th mass, 'allegro moto vivace', 'my heart is weary', 150th psalm, 'blow, blow, thou winter wind', 'land of hope and glory', 'resting place', 'vesta', 'hungarian rhapsody', 'eri tu' (un ballo in maschera), 'o, little snowflake', 'ave maria', 'the hunting song', 'god bless our splendid men.' the bendigo choral society. has for its primary object, the desire of giving all those interested in this beneficial branch of musical culture, opportunity of learning members subscribers mr w c frazier -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Document - List, State Electricity Commission of Victoria (SECV), "Tramways Traffic Personnel (Wages), Feb. 1970
Gives a list of names of people who worked on the Ballarat trams in the final 19 months of operations, some personal information and grade.Carbon copy of a typed list of SEC Ballarat Tramway traffic list dated 5 Feb. 1970, with hand alterations. Titled "SECV - Mid Western Electricity Supply Branch - Tramways Traffic Personnel (Wages)", gives a list of names, traffic number, position, date joined, date of birth, date passed as motorman, long service leave (taken or entitlement?) and whether a returned soldier - using letter "R.S." Three shown as "D.S." - disabled solider? List broken up into three components - "A" Motormen/Conductor Seniority List - Engaged prior to 1 Nov. 1952, - 9 Number, "B" engaged subsequent to 1 Nov. 1852 - 8 Number and "C" engaged since 30 May 1962 - 38 depending on the time. List A L Walker H Knight J Smerdon - crossed out A Turnbull - crossed out A Mercer R. Courtney W. Ward R. Williams D. Kellett - (also T/Insp.) A. Jeffreys List B D. McGregor D. Thomson I Willis D O'Leary - underlined J. Maher A. Morris D. Domaschenz R. G. Knight List C E Lake W. Maes I. Tierney B Munn N Cahill N Reynolds - crossed out W. Davies N. Hamilton L. McMahon - crossed out and (W/C) after name. J. Billman W. Nancarrow H. M. Van Oorschot W. Newell L. Bird D. Chambers H. Van Rooy H. Mannion N. Robe C. Harding - crossed out and (S/L) after name E. Van Rooy F. Edmonds - crossed out M. Blackman N. K. Alan - crossed out H. Hall J. Mason S. Davies W. F. Segrave J. F. Bolton - crossed out N. D. Hunt K. Butler - crossed out J. F. O'Brien - ruled out V. L. Gill R. K, Morris D. Everett T. Williams A. Reed R. Herauville - crossed out B. Melville I. Trenfield R. Walker - crossed out V. Thorne - crossed out B. Biddington - crossed out K. Jeffs - crossed out Hynos - in pen and crossed out Power - in pen W. Tuddenham - in pen See also list given in Reg Item 3462.1 and 3462.2 - difference in spelling for Willis = Wallis, and Power = Powell. No additional names, but not all this list names appears in the list in 3462.1Numerous crossings out of names as people left, and three additional names and numbers within circles giving sub totals and totals.personnel, sec, ballarat, crews -
Bendigo Military Museum
Photograph - Johnson Ground Elevation Meter (JGEM) Survey Vehicle - Army Survey Regiment, Fortuna, Bendigo, c1960s
This is a set of 16 photograph of the Royal Australian Survey Corps’ Johnson Ground Elevation Meter (JGEM) Survey Vehicle taken at the Army Survey Regiment, Fortuna, Bendigo. The JGEM vehicle was extensively used by RA Svy within Australia from the late 1960s. A limited number of Ground Elevation Meter (GEM) station wagon type vehicles were manufactured by General Motors Corporation (GMC) in the USA for the United States Geological Survey, Canada’s mapping agencies, RA Svy and National Mapping (Natmap). The GEM was a four-wheel drive, four-wheel steer vehicle. Four-wheel steering was necessary to avoid systematic errors caused by non-tracking of front and rear wheels on conventionally steered vehicles. The manufacturer substituted the rear axle with a front axle and connected them to form the four-wheel steering mechanism. The two Australian GEM vehicles, referred to as Johnson GEMs (JGEMs) were converted into right-hand drive. After delivery in 1964, acceptance Natmap and RA Svy testing and operator training was undertaken at the Army's School of Military Survey located at Balcombe, Victoria. A small fifth wheel was mounted on a cantilever arm suspension midway between the front and rear wheels on the right side of the vehicle. It was lowered to and raised from its operating position by use of a constant pressure air cylinder. A telescopic bar, suspended between the front and rear axles, provided the reference datum for the angle measurement. The wheel provided the velocity or distance signal through a pulse generator system. A sensitive pendulum mounted on this bar provided the angle measurement for each minute distance traversed. The JGEM contained electromechanical instruments used to determine relative elevations, by trigonometric principles, along a traversed path. These relative elevations were obtained through apparatus which measures the instantaneous angle of inclination of the road and the instantaneous velocity of the meter along such a path. Road routes over which the JGEM operated were planned so that each started and ended as near as practicable to an existing point of known elevation (formally referred to as a level traverse bench mark). The difference in height from the bench mark and the road surface alongside the JGEM’s fifth wheel was measured with a level and staff. Along each route, mapping control photo reference points where new elevation values were required were identified on aerial photographs. Under favourable conditions it was possible to survey as much as 160km in an ordinary working day. The first of RA Svy’s JGEM operations was undertaken in 1:250,000 scale map areas of Queensland. CPL John Hook was the JGEM’s main operator in the early 1970s undertaking operations covering 1:250,000 scale map blocks over northern Victoria and central NSW, each requiring 36 points (9 runs of photography and 4 points across. SPR Lyn Thompson and SPR Bob McDonagh teamed with CPL Hook on some of these JGEM operations. When RA Svy was integrated into the Royal Australian Engineers in 1996, the JGEM vehicle with the Survey Corps collection was donated to its museum. It is believed to be the last of the original manufactured fleet in existence. The JGEM has undergone extensive refurbishment to achieve roadworthiness and is currently housed at The Australian Army Museum of Military Engineering, Hoslworthy Barracks, NSW. It can be viewed by making an appointment with the museum’s curator.This is a set of 16 photograph of the Royal Australian Survey Corps’ Johnson Ground Elevation Meter (JGEM) Survey Vehicle taken at the Army Survey Regiment, Fortuna, Bendigo. The photographs were on 35mm slide film and were scanned at 96 dpi. They are part of the Army Survey Regiment’s Collection. .1) - Photo, colour, c1960s, Johnson Ground Elevation Meter (JGEM) Survey Vehicle .2) - Photo, colour, c1960s, JGEM instrumentation, on-board computer. .3) - Photo, colour, c1960s, JGEM instrumentation. .4) - Photo, colour, c1960s, JGEM instrumentation, on-board computer. .5) - Photo, colour, c1960s, JGEM tyre pressure controller .6) - Photo, colour, c1960s, JGEM rear doors, SGT Geoff Briggs. .7) - Photo, colour, c1960s, JGEM 5th wheel distance/angle measurement device in lowered position, SGT Geoff Briggs. .8) - Photo, colour, c1960s, JGEM 5th wheel distance/angle measurement device in lowered position. .9) & .10) - Photo, colour, c1960s, JGEM tyre pressure system, SGT Geoff Briggs. .11) - Photo, colour, c1960s, JGEM tyre pressure system. SGT Geoff Briggs. .12) - Photo, colour, c1960s, JGEM levelling scope, levelling staff, unidentified technicians. .13) & .14) - Photo, colour, c1960s, JGEM levelling scope, unidentified technician. .15) & .16) - Photo, colour, c1960s, probably survey operation adjusted height plotted on block base sheet. .1P to .16P - Some of the equipment is annotated on the frame of the 35mm slides.royal australian survey corps, rasvy, army survey regiment, army svy regt, fortuna, asr, surveying -
Victorian Aboriginal Corporation for Languages
Periodical, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies, Australian Aboriginal studies : journal of the Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies, 2010
Mediating conflict in the age of Native Title Peter Sutton (The University of Adelaide and South Australian Museum) Mediators have played roles in managing conflict in Aboriginal societies for a long time. This paper discusses some of the similarities and differences between older customary mediator roles and those of the modern Native Title process. Determinants of tribunal outcomes for Indigenous footballers Neil Brewer, Carla Welsh and Jenny Williams (School of Psychology, Flinders University) This paper reports on a study that examined whether football tribunal members? judgments concerning players? alleged misdemeanours on the sporting field are likely to be shaped by extra-evidential factors that disadvantage players from Indigenous backgrounds. Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australian Football League (AFL) players, matched in terms of their typical levels of confidence and demeanour in public situations, were interrogated in a mock tribunal hearing about a hypothetical incident on the football field. The specific aim was to determine if the pressures of such questioning elicited behavioural differences likely to be interpreted as indicative of testimonial unreliability. Mock tribunal members (number = 103) then made judgments about the degree to which a number of behavioural characteristics were evident in the players? testimonies. Under intense interrogation, Indigenous players were judged as presenting less confidently and displaying a greater degree of gaze aversion than non-Indigenous players. These behavioural characteristics are commonly ? and inappropriately ? used as cues or heuristics to infer testimonial accuracy. The paper discusses the implications for Indigenous players appearing at tribunal hearings ? and for the justice system more broadly. Timothy Korkanoon: A child artist at the Merri Creek Baptist Aboriginal School, Melbourne, Victoria, 1846?47 ? a new interpretation of his life and work Ian D Clark (School of Business, University of Ballarat) This paper is concerned with the Coranderrk Aboriginal artist Timothy Korkanoon. Research has uncovered more about his life before he settled at the Coranderrk station in 1863. Evidence is provided that five sketches acquired by George Augustus Robinson, the former Chief Protector of Aborigines, in November 1851 in Melbourne, and found in his papers in the State Library of New South Wales, may also be attributed to the work of the young Korkanoon when he was a student at the Merri Creek Baptist Aboriginal School from 1846 to 1847. Developing a database for Australian Indigenous kinship terminology: The AustKin project Laurent Dousset (CREDO, and CNRS, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales), Rachel Hendery (The Australian National University), Claire Bowern (Yale University), Harold Koch (The Australian National University) and Patrick McConvell (The Australian National University) In order to make Australian Indigenous kinship vocabulary from hundreds of sources comparable, searchable and accessible for research and community purposes, we have developed a database that collates these resources. The creation of such a database brings with it technical, theoretical and practical challenges, some of which also apply to other research projects that collect and compare large amounts of Australian language data, and some of which apply to any database project in the humanities or social sciences. Our project has sought to overcome these challenges by adopting a modular, object-oriented, incremental programming approach, by keeping metadata, data and analysis sharply distinguished, and through ongoing consultation between programmers, linguists and communities. In this paper we report on the challenges and solutions we have come across and the lessons that can be drawn from our experience for other social science database projects, particularly in Australia. A time for change? Indigenous heritage values and management practice in the Coorong and Lower Murray Lakes region, South Australia Lynley A Wallis (Aboriginal Environments Research Centre, The University of Queensland) and Alice C Gorman (Department of Archaeology, Flinders University) The Coorong and Lower Murray Lakes in South Australia have long been recognised under the Ramsar Convention for their natural heritage values. Less well known is the fact that this area also has high social and cultural values, encompassing the traditional lands and waters (ruwe) of the Ngarrindjeri Nation. This unique ecosystem is currently teetering on the verge of collapse, a situation arguably brought about by prolonged drought after decades of unsustainable management practices. While at the federal level there have been moves to better integrate typically disparate ?cultural? and ?natural? heritage management regimes ? thereby supporting Indigenous groups in their attempts to gain a greater voice in how their traditional country is managed ? the distance has not yet been bridged in the Coorong. Here, current management planning continues to emphasise natural heritage values, with limited practical integration of cultural values or Ngarrindjeri viewpoints. As the future of the Coorong and Lower Murray Lakes is being debated, we suggest decision makers would do well to look to the Ngarrindjeri for guidance on the integration of natural and cultural values in management regimes as a vital step towards securing the long-term ecological viability of this iconic part of Australia. Hearts and minds: Evolving understandings of chronic cardiovascular disease in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander populations Ernest Hunter (Queensland Health and James Cook University) Using the experience and reflections of a non-Indigenous clinician and researcher, Randolph Spargo, who has worked in remote Aboriginal Australia for more than 40 years, this paper tracks how those at the clinical coal-face thought and responded as cardiovascular and other chronic diseases emerged as new health concerns in the 1970s to become major contributors to the burden of excess ill health across Indigenous Australia. The paper cites research evidence that informed prevailing paradigms drawing primarily on work in which the clinician participated, which was undertaken in the remote Kimberley region in the north of Western Australia. Two reports, one relating to the Narcoonie quarry in the Strzelecki Desert and the other concerning problematic alcohol use in urban settings.maps, b&w photographs, colour photographs, tablesstrzelecki desert, native title, timothy korkanoon, merri creek baptist aboriginal school, austkin project, coorong, lower murray lakes district, south australia, indigenous health -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - TOWN HALL, THE BENDIGO CHORAL SOCIETY, 31 March, 1920
Town Hall, The Bendigo Choral Society. (Season 1920-First Concert) Twelfth Grand Concert. Wednesday, March 31st, 1920. Artists: Miss Dorothy Penfold, A.R.C.M., Miss Winnie Mayberry, Mr E H Collett, Mr E A Miller. Conductor: Mr W C Frazier, A.R.C.O. Pianiste: Miss Eileen Hains, A.T.C.L. Patron: His Worship the Mayor (Cr J H Curnow). President: Mr H M Leggo. Vice President: Sir john Quick, Cr W Beebe, Mr Oscar Flight, Mr E S Cahill, Mr D Berriman, Mr A L Bolton, Dr W J Long, Dr O Penfold, Mr J G Oliphant, Mr Alf E Wallis, Mr A Whitehead, Mr W Watts, Mr Magnus Cohn, Mr R H S Abbott, Mr Geo. Mackay. From the performing Members: Mr E H Collett, Mr A W McGibbony. Conductor: Mr W C Frazier, A.R.C.O. Sub Conductor: Mr E A Miller. Pianiste: Miss Eileen Hains, A.T.C.L. Asst. Sec.: Mr Fred A Wittscheibe. Treasurer: Mr D H Holden. Librarians: Mr R J Duguid. Assistants: Mr H Veale & Mr Mansell. Auditors: Mr H T Bayton, A.A.I.S. & Mr Harold Walker. Committee-Office Bearers: Mesdames T Scott & Chisolm, and Misses Colgan, Gall Field & Lethean, and Messers Sleeman, Jeffrey, McClure, Carwardine, F J Walter & Frank Wittscheibe. Subscribers may book at Flights on and after 25th March, without extra fee. Holders of 2/2 tickets may also book without fee. Holders of 1/1 tickets may book by paying difference, 1/1. J Hudspeth, Hon Secretary, 85 Wills Street, Bendigo. Programme. Soloists: Soprano-Miss Dorothy Penfold. Contralto-Miss Winnie Mayberry. Tenor-Mr E H Collett. Bass-Mr E A Miller. Conductor: Mr W C Frazier. Pianiste: Miss Eileen Hains.In the excerpts for performances there breathes the whole of the Passion of the Messiah. The opening Chorus is in itself an epitome of the sacred event, beginning, as it does, with 'Worthy is the Lamb that was slain' to the triumphant 'Blessing and honor and glory and power be with Him for ever and ever' Commencing with solemn and beautiful chorus 'Behold the Lamb of God,' where the attention of the whole world is called to the supreme sacrifice, we are . . . Passion Music from the 'Messiah.' . . . . . Foreword for 1920. The Committee desire to express their thanks to all our patrons. It is very gratifying that our Conductor, Mr W C Frazier, is more and more being appreciated at its true value. It is absolutely true that 'man connote live by bread alone,' and when the finer instincts are being fostered by the appreciation of good music . . . . J Hudspeth, 85 Wills Street.Bolton Bros., Printerscottage, miners, town hall, the bendigo choral society. (season 1920-first concert) twelfth grand concert. wednesday, march 31st, 1920. artists: miss dorothy penfold, a.r.c.m., miss winnie mayberry, mr e h collett, mr e a miller. conductor: mr w c frazier, a.r.c.o. pianiste: miss eileen hains, a.t.c.l. patron: his worship the mayor (cr j h curnow). president: mr h m leggo. vice president: sir john quick, cr w beebe, mr oscar flight, mr e s cahill, mr d berriman, mr a l bolton, dr w j long, dr o penfold, mr j g oliphant, mr alf e wallis, mr a whitehead, mr w watts, mr magnus cohn, mr r h s abbott, mr geo. mackay. from the performing members: mr e h collett, mr a w mcgibbony. conductor: mr w c frazier, a.r.c.o. sub conductor: mr e a miller. pianiste: miss eileen hains, a.t.c.l. asst. sec.: mr fred a wittscheibe. treasurer: mr d h holden. librarians: mr r j duguid. assistants: mr h veale & mr mansell. auditors: mr h t bayton, a.a.i.s. & mr harold walker. committee-office bearers: mesdames t scott & chisolm, and misses colgan, gall field & lethean, and messers sleeman, jeffrey, mcclure, carwardine, f j walter & frank wittscheibe. subscribers may book at flights on and after 25th march, without extra fee. holders of 2/2 tickets may also book without fee. holders of 1/1 tickets may book by paying difference, 1/1. j hudspeth, hon secretary, 85 wills street, bendigo. programme. soloists: soprano-miss dorothy penfold. contralto-miss winnie mayberry. tenor-mr e h collett. bass-mr e a miller. conductor: mr w c frazier. pianiste: miss eileen hains. 1920. conductor, mr w c frazier, j hudspeth, 85 wills street. -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - TOWN HALL, THE BENDIGO CHORAL SOCIETY, 17 December, 1919
Town Hall, The Bendigo Choral Society. (Season 1919-Third Concert) Eleventh Grand Concert, Town Hall. Wednesday, December 17th, 1919. Artists: Miss Claire Colgan, Miss Myrtle Knight, Mr E H Collett, Mr A E Sayer. Conductor: Mr W C Frazier, A.R.C.O. Pianiste: Miss Muriel Hyett, L.A.B. Patron-His Worship the Mayor (Cr. J H Curnow). President-Mr H M Leggo. Vice-Presidents-Sir John Quick, Cr. C W Beebe, Mr Oscar Flight, Mr E S Cahill, Mr D Berrriman, Mr A L Bolton, Mr G E Bolton, Dr W G Long, DR O Penfold, Mr J G Oliphant, Mr Alf E Wallis, Mr A Whitehead, Mr W Watts. From the performing Members-Mr E H Collett, Mr A W McGibboney. Conductor-Mr W C Frazier, A.R.C.O. Sub-Conductor- Mr E A Miller, Pianist-Miss Muriel Hyett, L.A.B. Ass. Sec.-Mr Fred A Wittscheibi. Treasurer-Mr D H Holden. Librarians-Mr R J Duguid & G L McCoy. Auditors-Mr H T Bayton, A.A.I.S. * Harold Walker. Committee-Office Bearers: Mesdames T Scott, & Chisholm, & Misses Colgan, Gall, Field & Wheaton, & Messrs Sleeman, Jeffrey, McClure, Brown, F J Walter & Frank Wittscheibe. Subscribers may book at Flights on and After 12th December, without extra fee. Holders of 2/2 tickets may also book by paying difference, 1/1. Admission- 2/2/ Reserved, 1/1/ Ordinary, including tax. J Hudspeth, Hon. Secretary, 85 Wills Street, Bendigo. Programme. 'Comfort Ye' 'Every Valley' 'And the Glory', Hungarian Danse' No.3, 'Softly Sighs', 'Fire, Fire my Heart', 'Spring', 'Best Pair of Sirens', ' Legende', 'Eleanore', 'Dream Wind', 'Ave Maria', 'Fantasie Pastorale', 'O Great is the Depth'. 'Dream Wind' Words by William Sharp. 'Fire, Fire My Heart' Words by Morley. 'Blest Sirens' ''Voice'' and ''Verse'' Words by Milton. The Bendigo Choral Society. Exists for the worthy production of the choral works of the great composers. Under the leadership of Mr Frazier it cam fairly claim to have accomplished this, at least in some degree, during the past year. Works have been. . . . . . Note - The rehearsals will be resumed 2nd week in February, 1920. Annual Meeting 3rd week. A and b are same, a is in excellent condition, b has some slight discoloration on the back. Both have been folded in half and in half againBolton Bros, Printersprogram, theatre, the bendigo choral society -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Document - Roster, State Electricity Commission of Victoria (SECV), Rosters for Bendigo, 1970
Significant in being a almost complete set of rosters for Bendigo prior to closure - appear to be have been copied for a discussion or information document for management at Ballarat. Need to ascertain whether they line up with the actual last timetable. No Sunday tables given - probably did not change them.Set of photocopies of Rosters for Bendigo. Not sure whether these were actually used or were at the stage of a discussion document - see sheet 30. Photocopied onto foolscap size heat sensitive paper and some loosing information. Sheets have been numbered. Generally dated "HAM/70" Page 1 not location 2 - Eaglehawk - Quarry Hill Weekdays 3 - ditto - continued 4 - Golden Square - North Bendigo Weekdays - two different rosters given on two separate sheets. 5 - Eaglehawk - Quarry Hill Saturdays 6 - ditto continued 7 - Golden Square - North Bendigo - Saturdays 8 - Tables - 1AM, 2AM, 3AM 9 - Tables - 4AM, 5AM, 9AM - second sheet gives slightly different arrangements for 5AM 10 - Tables - 10AM, 11AM, 9Assist - second sheet gives slightly different arrangements for 10 & 11AM 11 - Tables - 2PM, 3PM, 4PM 12 - Tables - 6 run, Meal relief & 1, 11 Assist 13 - Tables - 9PM, 10PM, 16 Assist 14 - Tables - 1AM, 2AM, 3AM Conductors 15 - Tables - 4AM, 5AM, 6 run Conductors 16 - Tables - 2PM, 3PM, 4PM Conductors 17 - Tables - 12 Assist Motorman and 13 Assist Conductor - 2 sheets, can't see a difference. 18 - Tables - Saturday, 1AM, 2AM, 3AM 19 - Tables - Saturday, 4AM, 5AM, 9AM 20 - Tables - Saturday, 10AM, 11AM, 1st relief motorman 21 - Tables - Saturday, 9 Assist, 10 Assist, 14 Assist, 15 Assist 22 - Tables - Saturday, 1PM, 2PM, 3PM 23 - Tables - Saturday, 9PM, 10PM, Gol. Sq. relief Motorman 24 - Tables - Saturday, 1AM, 2AM, 3AM conductors 25 - Tables - Saturday, 4AM, 5AM, 1st Meal relief conductor 26 - Tables - Saturday, 1PM, 2PM, 3PM, conductors 27 - Tables - Saturday, 11 Assist, 12 Assist, 13 Assist - conductor 28 - Standby chart - Weekdays and Saturdays 29 - Rotation Roster for Motorman and Conductors - dated 12/5/1970 30 - Comparisons of Present Roster and proposed roster - includes cost impact analysis - 2 copies held. 31 - folded sheet - Weekday Instructions - poor order photocopied - 2nd copy - minor changes 32 - folded sheet - Saturday Instructions - poor order photocopied 33 - Daily hours of Motorman conductors - Weekdays and Saturday 33A - Hours of Motorman and Conductors - Sunday 34 - Weekly Hours - for motorman and conductors - poor order photocopied and data filled in on photocopy. 39 - Tramways - Motorman and Conductors Rotation Roster - dated 5-3-1970trams, tramways, rosters, timetables, sec, bendigo -
Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village
Pen Nibs, 1920's
The two cards of nibs are retail display cards of the dip pen nibs that William Mitchell Calligraphy produced, dating back to around the 1920’s, which was the time of the Great Exhibition in the UK. At that time dip pens with steel nibs were the main writing instruments. British Pens Ltd. had recently formed as a company and its subsidiaries included the the company William Mitchell, which is why British Pens Ltd. is named on the cards as well. One card (1) has the Round Hand nib, which is widely used today for calligraphy scripts. The other card (2) has the Script nib that has round upturned points for monocline or unshaded lettering that is also used for calligraphy. The nibs also have a detachable reservoir. The pen nibs are shaped to fit into a slot in the base of a wooden or Bakelite pen holder. The hole at the front of the nib is for collecting ink from a well, which is then stored in a reservoir at the back of the nib. The nibsare stamped with their nib size and Pedigree (what type of nib it is) and maker’s details. William Mitchell Calligraphy still makes these nibs today with a slightly difference finish. (ref: Sales and Marketing Director of William Mitchell Calligraphy in 2016). HISTORY of the Ink Pen Quills and ink were common writing tools until the early 19th century when the pen trade began mass producing steel nibs and pens. The steel nibs each have a hole in the middle that acts like a well for the ink. When the nib is dipped into the ink well the writer needs to ensure that it is dipped to only just past that well. India Ink was one of the most popular inks used with the nib pens, notable for its satin-like smooth flow. This ink is composed of a particularly fine carbon mixed with water; it can also be obtained as a dry stick that is then crushed and mixed with water as required. The Jewellery Quarter of Birmingham had the largest concentration of independent jewellers in Europe. Birmingham became the centre of the world’s pen trade for many years -, during the 1800’s over 100 factories, employing 1000s of skilled workers, manufactured the ‘Birmingham Pen’. ABOUT WILLIAM MITCHELL CALLIGRAPHY LTD.* (*The following text is quoted from the William Mitchell Calligraphy website) British based William Mitchell Calligraphy has been designing and manufacturing exceptional pens for almost 200 years. The William Mitchell heritage in making pen nibs began whilst working with his brother John Mitchell in the early 1820s. William Mitchell established his own business in 1825 to become one of the leading nib manufacturers and famous for lettering pens. Almost 100 years later William Mitchell merged with Hinks, Wells & Co, another pen manufacturer, to form British Pens, employing around 1000 people in the Bearwood Road area of Birmingham. During the early 1960s British Pens acquired the pen business of other pen manufacturers Perry & Co and John Mitchell, once again reuniting the two brothers. Joseph Gillott, who were famous for their artist drawing and mapping nibs, amalgamated with British pens in 1969. William Mitchell and Joseph Gillott established in Birmingham during the early part of the nineteenth century and [their products] are still proudly made here. British Pens were subsequently purchased by its current owner Byron Head, the owner of William Mitchell (Sinkers) in 1982, and was subsequently renamed William Mitchell (calligraphy) Ltd. Established in 1827 Joseph Gillott was one of the pioneers of mass steel pen nib manufacturing. The company was particularly strong in the American market, prompting Elihu Burrit, the American consul, to write “In ten thousand school houses across the American continent between two oceans, a million children are as familiarly acquainted with Joseph Gillott as with Noah Webster” (The compiler of the famous American dictionary). The company consequently received visits from many notable Americans, including president Ulysses S Grant. The early 19th century invention and mass production of pen nibs such these in our collection had a large impact on education and literacy because the nibs could be produced in great numbers and affordable prices.Pen nibs; 2 cards of steel dip pen nibs from the 1920’s. The steel nibs are attached to cards by 2 rows of entwined cotton cord. Reverse sides of cards have some hand written marks. Manufacturer; William Mitchell, Birmingham, England. Card issued by British Pens Ltd. Nibs have shaped ends, a hole in the centre with a well on the underside, and the tops are shaped approximately quarter circle. Inscriptions are pressed into each nib. The script pens have detachable reservoirs made of a metal different to the nib. (Card 1) Round Hand Pens, 11 nibs remain from card of 12. Printed on card “Round Hand Pens for Beautiful Writing, Twelve degrees of point, Square points. William Mitchell, Birmingham, England. This card is issued by British Pens Ltd. MADE IN ENGLAND” Also printed on top left of card is a pen drawing of a person writing at a desk, background of decorative 3-paned window in brick wall. (Card 2) Script Pens; 11 nibs remain from card of 12. “Script pens fitted with detachable reservoir. William Mitchell, Birmingham, England. This card is issued by British Pens Ltd. MADE IN ENGLAND” Also printed on top right of card is a pen drawing of a person writing at a desk, background of decorative 3-paned window in brick wall. On Card 1, - each nib is stamped with its size, and “Wm MITCHELLS / PEDIGREE / ROUND HAND / ENGLAND” - hand written on front bottom of card in ball point pen “Lettering 5 times size of nib” - hand drawn on back of card in red and blue ball point pen are scribbled lines On Card 2 - each nib is stamped with its size, and “WILLIAM / MITCHELLS / SCRIPT PEN / ENGLAND” - a black circle corresponding to the nib is printed on the card above each nib. - hand written on back of card in black felt tip pen are numerals - hand drawn on back, 4 parallel lines in red ball point pen with the numbers “10” between 2 of the lines flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, great ocean road, william mitchell calligraphy ltd, british pens ltd., pen nib, writing implement, dip pen, round hand nib, script nib, birmingham manufacturer, communication in writing, mass produced pen nibs