In 1941, the scientific instrument manufacturing firms of  Henry Hughes & Son Ltd, London, England, and  Kelvin Bottomley & Baird Ltd, Glasgow, Scotland, came together to form Kelvin & Hughes Ltd. Kelvin Company History: The origins of the company lie in the highly successful and strictly informal relationship between William Thomson (1824-1907), Professor of Natural Philosophy at Glasgow University from 1846-1899 and James White, a Glasgow optical maker. James White (1824-1884) founded the firm of James White, an optical instrument maker in Glasgow in 1850 and was involved in supplying and mending apparatus for Thomson university laboratory and working with him on experimental constructions. White was declared bankrupt in August 1861 and released several months later. In 1870, White was largely responsible for equipping William Thomson laboratory in the new University premises at Gilmore hill. From 1876, he was producing accurate compasses for metal ships to Thomson design during this period and this became an important part of his business in the last years of his life. He was also involved in the production of sophisticated-sounding machinery that Thomson had designed to address problems encountered laying cables at sea, helping to make possible the first transatlantic cable connection. At the same time, he continued to make a whole range of more conventional instruments such as telescopes, microscopes and surveying equipment. White's association with Thomson continued until he died. After his death, his business continued under the same name, being administered by Matthew Edwards (until 1891 when he left to set up his own company. Thomson who became Sir William Thomson and then Baron Kelvin of Largs in 1892, continued to maintain his interest in the business after James White's death. In 1884 raising most of the capital needed to construct and equip new workshops in Cambridge Street, Glasgow. At these premises, the company continued to make the compass Thomson had designed during the 1870s and to supply it in some quantity, especially to the Admiralty. At the same time, the firm became increasingly involved in the design, production and sale of electrical apparatus. In 1899, Lord Kelvin resigned from his University chair and became, in 1900, a director in the newly formed limited liability company Kelvin & James White Ltd which had acquired the business of James White. At the same time Kelvin's nephew, James Thomson Bottomley (1845-1926), joined the firm. In 1904, a London branch office was opened which by 1915 had become known as Kelvin, White & Hutton Ltd. Kelvin & James White Ltd underwent a further change of name in 1913, becoming Kelvin Bottomley & Baird Ltd. Hughes Company History: Henry Hughes & Sons were founded in 1838 in London as a maker of chronographic and scientific instruments. The firm was incorporated as “Henry Hughes & Sons Ltd” in 1903. In 1923, the company produced its first recording echo sounder and in 1935 a controlling interest in the company was acquired by S Smith & Son Ltd resulting in the development and production of marine and aircraft instruments. Following the London office's destruction in the Blitz of 1941, a collaboration was entered into with Kelvin, Bottomley & Baird Ltd resulting in the establishing “Marine Instruments Ltd”. Following the formal amalgamation of Kelvin, Bottomley & Baird Ltd and Henry Hughes & Sons Ltd in 1947 to form Kelvin & Hughes Ltd. Marine Instruments Ltd then acted as regional agents in the UK for Kelvin & Hughes Ltd who were essentially now a part of Smith's Industries Ltd founded in 1944 and the successors of S. Smith & Son Ltd. Kelvin & Hughes Ltd went on to develop various marine radar and echo sounders supplying the Ministry of Transport, and later the Ministry of Defence. The firm was liquidated in 1966 but the name was continued as Kelvin Hughes, a division of the Smiths Group. In 2002, Kelvin Hughes continues to produce and develop marine instruments for commercial and military. G. Falconer Company History: G Falconer (Hong Kong Ltd) appear to have had a retail presence in Hong Kong since 1885, according to the company website, and currently have a shop in the Peninsula Hotel. G Falconer was the Hong Kong selling agent for several British companies. Ross Ltd of 111 New Bond St London was one and the other was Kelvins Nautical Instruments. Falconers were primarily watchmakers, jewellers and diamond merchants.They were also agents for Admiralty Charts, Ross binoculars and telescopes, and sold English Silverware and High Class English Jewellery. In 1928 the company was operating from the Union Building opposite the Hong Kong general post office. It is unclear if the item is an original Sextant made by Kelvin prior to his amalgamation with Henry Hughes & Sons in 1941 as Kelvin appears to have only made compasses up to this date. If the Sextant can be established that it was made by Kelvin then it is very significant and a rare item made for and distributed through their Hong Kong selling agents G Falconer Ltd. There are many Sextants advertised for sale stating "Kelvin & Hughes 1917 model sextant". These can be regarded as replicas as the company was not formed until 1941 and production of marine instruments was not fully under way until after the war in 1947. Further investigation needs to be undertaken to accurately determine the provenance of this item. As the writer currently has the impression that the subject object was possibly made by Kelvin and Hughes in the mid to late 20th century or is a replica made by an unknown maker in the late 1970s. Purchased as an exhibition of marine navigational instruments for the Flagstaff Hill museum. The Sextant is a brass apparatus with filters and telescope lens, and comes with a wooden felt lined storage box. It is a doubly reflecting navigation instrument that measures the angular distance between two visible objects. The primary use of a sextant is to measure the angle between an astronomical object and the horizon for the purposes of celestial navigation.G Falconer and Co. Hong Kong (retailers of nautical equipmentflagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, sextant, kelvin & hughes ltd, hong kong, navigational instrument, g falconer, mariner's quadrants

The autoharp is a portable, stringed musical instrument. It is a member of the zither family but differs from the traditional zither in that chords can be easily played. The buttons on the chord bars of the autoharp can be pressed onto the strings to make different sounds. The labels on the autoharp denote the chords and the notes that the strings play. The instrument is played with the box resting on a flat surface such as a tabletop, with the left hand moving the chord buttons and the right hand strumming the strings, usually with a pick or plectrum . The autoharp was invented around the mid-1880s. There are models now available that have variations in the numbers of strings the instrument has, and differences in the sounds of the chords. Typically the autoharp has 36 strings.This autoharp is an example of musical instruments played at social gatherings and concerts in the late 1800s and early to mid 1900s. It was easily carried by the player. It is usually held in the crook of the left arm with the narrow end resting on the should and the left hand supporting the wider end, the hand pressing on the chord buttons. The right hand strums in a similar way to a playing a guitar, usually holding a soft pick or plectrum.Autoharp, painted dark brown with red rose flower decals. The portable stringed musical instrument is a member of the zither family. The autoharp is shaped like a hollow box with one corner cut off. Strings of various lengths are attached with equal spacing, parallel to the long edge of the box. A slotted board rests over the top of the strings at one end, and buttons on the slots can be pressed onto the felt-padded bars below them to produce chords. There are labels on the upper and lower boards that denote chords and musical notes.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, musical instrument, stringed instrument, harp, auto harp, zither, portable

This medical instrument was used in the Tawonga District General Hospital which was built in the 1950s specifically for the increase in population due to the Kiewa Hydro Scheme. Historical: Shows the development of scientific hospital equipment. Provenance: Used in the Tawonga District General Hospital which was remote and therefore required good equipment.Metal instrument that is shaped like a elongated fish with a long pointy 'face' that is slightly curved. When turned on its edge 2 teeth can be seen at the end. Retracts the membrane (pillar) in front of the tonsil.medical instrument. hospital equipment. tawonga. mt beauty. tonsil

This medical / hospital instrument was used in the Tawonga District General Hospital which was built in the 1950s specifically for the increase in population due to the Kiewa Hydro Scheme.Historical: Shows the development of scientific hospital equipment. Provenance: Used in the Tawonga District General Hospital which was remote and it therefore required good equipment.Long metal instrument with sliding two finger piece. The other end is hollow and fitted with a very fine wire which was used to snare the tonsil (or nasal polyps). Note: incomplete - wire to be fitted into holes.BRITISHMADE at handle end.medical equipment. hospital equipment. tawonga. hospital. mt beauty. medical instrument. nurse. medical. tonsil.

Standard issue item as used by Australian servicemen during the Vietnam conflict (1962-1972). This level was first issued for use in WW2.Khaki metal instrument with lens-viewfinder and numbers on circular range finding wheels. Object is stored in a khaki metal box with canvas carry straps. Inside the box, attachments prevent it from slipping. red label attached to strap says the object cannot be repaired.place/date/McBc = GdBg/ McB6 = GdBg/ BuBl COR. Inside box: scientific instruments MFGI and Repair Co. Pty Ltd/ 573 Burwood Road, Hawthorn 815527surveying tool, dumpy level, survey, surveyor, level

8 cm compass Pattern 9628 in wooden boxCompass Patt 9628S Delicate instrument handle with care 287A/62compass, navigation

Instrumentass. No. 38

This Diagnostic Kit is a fair example of medical equipment used within mental asylums in the 19th and 20th centuryBlack wooden box, fabric covered. Contains stainless steel instruments.'Gowllands' Made in Englandmedical, set, instruments, diagnostic

Adams jnr wrote many elementary scientific works, as well as on the use of mathematical instruments. He often combined in his written works with religious themes and scientific content, often against the prevailing thoughts of the time. According to one popular magazine of the time (Gentleman's Magazine), his works were often accused of "growing errors of materialism, infidelity, and anarchy". He started writing at a young age and developed a love for it, his main interests included math and science, these subjects he often expressed in his written essay's. Notable works from Adams are. An Essay on Electricity, and Magnetism (1784). Essays on the Microscope (1787). An Essay on Vision, briefly explaining the fabric of the eye (1789). Astronomical and Geographical Essays (1790). A Short Dissertation on the Barometer (1790). Geometrical and Graphical Essays, containing a description of the mathematical instruments used in geometry, civil and military surveying, leveling and perspective (1790). Lectures on Natural and Experimental Philosophy, in five volumes (1794).George Adams Sr and Jnr were both notable opticians and scientific instrument makers of the 18th century. Their contribution to scientific innovation and optical development cannot be underestimated. Having one of their early drainage levels in the collection and in extremely good condition is an asset to the Flagstaff collection.Drainage level or optical level. A brass surveying instrument with Achromatic telescope, bubble level and dial fitted to the Tribrach or footplate that has leveling screws. Tripod is wood and brass with adjustable and unscrewable legs (for ease of transportation). Made by "G. Adams Fleet St, London". Used in surveying and building to transfer, measure and/or set horizontal levels."G. Adams - London".flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, george adams fleet street london, optical instrument, scientific instrument, technical instrument, surveyors level, george adams snr, projection microscope

Tall timber instrument (incomplete), with glass tubes and measuring indicators. A rubber tube is attached to a flask. The instrument measures volume, but its use is unknown. This item is attributed to Henry Sutton and his work in this field. vacuum pump, henry sutton, scientific instruments

The stauroscope is an instrument for studying characteristic properties of anisotropic mineral particles. Later petrografic microscopes incorporate the stauroscope feature. Calderon Stauroscope in a hinged timber box. An optical device resembling a microscope with a vertical axes. The composite tube is made of brass, and is adjustabbly attached to a splayed-leg base equipped with a traingula section pillar. Instrument and accessoried housed in a brown polished timber box stauroscope, scientific instrument, microscope

This medical / hospital instrument was used in the Tawonga District General Hospital which was built in the 1950's specifically for the increase in population due to the Kiewa Hydro Scheme. Previous UKV 325Historical: Shows the development of scientific hospital equipment. Provenance: Used in the Tawonga District General Hospital which was remote and therefore required good equipment. Good condition and good interpretation capacity.Brown cardboard box containing 3 clear glass instruments. Two have a sphere in the middle with a long thin hollow cylinder at one end and a similar one at the other end except this one continues into the sphere and ends in a hook. The other instrument consists of a hollow cylinder that curves at the bottom and goes into a hollow ball. The ball has one small hollow appendage coming out at an angle and another short wide round hollow cylinder at its top. Label at end of box hand written: "Used for croupette"Box label: 'Nebulizer for Croupette"nebulizer, medical, hospital, croupette, tawonga district hospital

Jetter and Scheerer were a surgical instrument maker founded in Germany in 1867. Their company symbol is that of a serpent curled around a rod, surmounted by a coronet/crown. This instrument was part of a collection of instruments used by Dr Michael Kloss in his medical practice. Dr Kloss subsequently donated this collection to the College.Metal ovum forceps. Instrument resembles a set of scissors, with a ratchet adjacent to the handle to lock them at particular apertures. The end of each arm of the scissors ends with a metal loop, with grooves on the inner aspects of the loops for grip. The inner aspect of the forceps are engraved with the number '99'. The forceps are also engraved with a derivation of the Rod of Asclepius, featuring a serpent wrapped around a rod, with the entire design topped by a crown.obstetrics

This instrument was used by Dr Fritz Duras (1896-1965), who moved to Australia from Germany in 1937. As his father was Jewish, Duras was forced to leave Germany, and came to Australia to take up a post as director of physical education at Melbourne University. This instrument was part of a collection of instruments given to his son-in-law, Dr Michael Kloss, who was an obstetrician. Dr Kloss subsequently had it engraved and used it in his own practice, before donating the item to the College. Metal uterine catheter. Catheter is in a vague 's' shape, with a rounded tip at one end and a hole in the catheter just above the tip. There is a small oval shaped attachment at the proximal end of the device for grip. One side of the instrument is engraved with the word 'Kloss'. Internal wire section may be missing from this catheter.'Kloss'obstetrics

This surgical instrument kit, c1870s, originally belonged to Lord Joseph Lister. On his retirement in 1892, Lord Lister presented the instrument kit to his friend Dr Alexander Matthew. The donor of the surgical kit, Professor Ian Stewart Fraser, is the great grandson of Dr Alexander Matthew. The donor, Ian Fraser, checked with his mother about the inscription "Ethel Livie". There was no one of that name in his mother's family tree and the instruments were passed down from his mother's family.This surgical kit, made by Young of Edinburgh Scotland in the 1870s is significant because it belonged to and was most likely used by an internationally important figure in modern medicine, Lord Joseph Lister. Joseph Lister, 1st Baron Lister, Bt., OM, FRS, PC (5 April 1827 – 10 February 1912), known as Sir Joseph Lister, Bt., between 1883 and 1897, was a British surgeon and a pioneer of antiseptic surgery. By applying Louis Pasteur's advances in microbiology, he promoted the idea of sterile surgery while working at the Glasgow Royal Infirmary. Lister successfully introduced carbolic acid (now known as phenol) to sterilise surgical instruments and to clean wounds, which led to a reduction in post-operative infections and made surgery safer for patients. Surgical instruments in original timber case, containing two steel sharp hooks with the manufacturer's stamp,"YOUNG EDINBURGH" on the handles, five steel scalpels with ebony handles in assorted sizes. Also included separately are autopsy hooks, one metal blowpipe [commonly used with urine testing apparatus] and two dissector forceps. "YOUNG EDINBURGH"; "ETHEL LIVIE"surgery

Wooden instrument

The Wodonga Historical Society Haeusler Collection provides invaluable insight into life in late nineteenth and early twentieth century north east Victoria. The collection comprises manuscripts, personal artefacts used by the Haeusler family on their farm in Wodonga, and a set of glass negatives which offer a unique visual snapshot of the domestic and social lives of the Haeusler family and local Wodonga community. The Haeusler family migrated from Prussia (Germany) to South Australia in the 1840s and 1850s, before purchasing 100 acres of Crown Land made available under the Victorian Lands Act 1862 (also known as ‘Duffy’s Land Act’) in 1866 in what is now Wodonga West. The Haeusler family were one of several German families to migrate from South Australia to Wodonga in the 1860s.This item has well documented provenance and a known owner. It forms part of a significant and representative historical collection which reflects the local history of Wodonga. It contributes to our understanding of domestic and family life in early twentieth century Wodonga, as well as providing interpretative capacity for themes including local history and social history.A long slender instrument turned from ebony (wood). A twist top cap at one end can be removed to reveal steel spikes in the body of the instrument. A thin handle at the opposite end of the instrument can be pushed inward to move the steel spikes out of the body of the instrument. There is cotton stored in the instruments cap.Nonemedical history, medical, medicine, disease, healthcare, health, medical instrument, medical equipment, haeusler collection, nineteenth century medicine, 19th century

This sextant is very similar to a 1915 Sextant design. A sextant is an astronomical instrument used in measuring angular distances especially the altitudes of sun, moon and starts at sea determining latitude and longitude.This sextant is an example of a 19th-century marine instrument used for finding location at sea. It was made by London scientific instrument maker Troughton and Simms, which originated in 1826 and continued until 1922.Sextant and its fitted square wooden box. The handle of the sextant is carved with a cross-hatched pattern. Made by Troughton and Simms, London.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, sextant, navigational instrument, marine navigation, marine equipment, instrument, navigation, troughton and simms, london, scientific instrument

Set of drafting instruments in a black box with purple felt. Contains six different instruments.

Horace Darwin, youngest surviving son of Charles Darwin, was a founding partner of the Cambridge Scientific Instrument Company in 1881 (http://www.museumoftechnology.com/cic.html).Composite object with three feet supporting two squared cylinders attached to a clamping device and metal block with four current terminals. Cylinders are covered with red leather. Metal block and clamp base appear painted.Engraved on terminal block: 'No 15548 / THE CAMBRIDGE SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENT CO LTD. CAMBRIDGE. ENGLAND' Engraved on side of terminal block: 'To be excited from 200 volts circuit / with coils in series. Connect terminals 2 & 3.'cambridge scientific instrument company, electro magnet, electrical equipment, electrical instrumentation

This item was most probably used at the Ballarat School of Mines. Pajari Instruments Ltd. grew from a partnership established in 1945 when the first EX-AX surveying instrument that provided accurate azimuth and inclination was made available to the diamond drilling industry. The partnership between Charles Trotter and George Pajari Sr. was known as Trotter-Pajari Instruments and the EX-AX Instrument was dubbed the "TROPARI" by the diamond drilling industry. Charles Trotter, a mechanical engineer, was also a marketing genius who developed substantial demand in Australia, Africa and South America in the 1940's and early 1950's. In fact the sales to each of these continents exceeded those to North America during those early years. Pajari is located in Orillia, Ontario, Canada and offer services and products that assist customers with their individual requirements. After the death of Charles Trotter in 1956, George Pajari Sr. with the assistance of his wife Hilda continued the business under the title of Pajari Instruments. George Sr. set most of the tenets that comprise our present Mission Statement. If it wasn't user friendly or if it had to have experts to operate it, that instrument design was doomed. If the customer wasn't getting good value in his opinion, manufacturing and repair procedures were examined to see where efficiency could be improved to cut costs without sacrificing Quality. George Pajari Jr and his wife Darlene assumed the reins of Pajari Instruments Ltd. in 1981 when George Sr. decided on semi-retirement. George Jr. brought the "client geologist's" perspective to the company. The company moved from Toronto to a 30 hectare (80 acre) site near Orillia shortly afterward. This site provided the high magnetic latitude earth field environment without magnetic pollution that is necessary for accurate compass setting. The park like setting of this location is a positive psychological benefit for our staff. George Sr. passed away in 2002 being preceded by Hilda only by 3 months, George Jr. continues at the helm of the company. With dedication from long term employees/contractors and third generation family members, Pajari Instruments Ltd. continues operations/new product development in Orillia. (http://www.pajari.com/about.html) Brass levelling compass in green velvet lined hinged timber box. Known as a Tropari - a single-shot, micro-mechanical borehole surveying instrument operated by a timing device. Borehole direction is measured from the earth's magnetic field. The Tropari provides both direction and inclination which can be used to define the attitude of the borehole at the survey depth. Regular surveys at intervals as the borehole progresses will allow a plot of the borehole to be drawn from the data. The Tropari is easy to use and maximizes profits by minimizing capital and operational costs. The Basic Survey Train Consists of: PDSI / Tropari Container, 6m (20 ft) Nonmagnetic Rods, Impact Foot, and Connector at Top. (http://www.pajari.com/tropari.html) A sticker on the lid of the hinged box states: "A.E. Parsons 107 Leicester St., Carlton 3053 Telephone 347 5844"scientific instrument, compass

Bugles used to give a Military Signal announcing scheduled or unscheduled events on a military installation, on a battlefield or a ship. Allowed clear communication in confusion of battle or between ships.Copper metal bugle with brass mouth piece. Emblem attached to top approx 4.5 cm in diameter in the form of Laurel leaves on the outside, a crown on the top and a shield with a swan and two open books on the front. Two small chain pieces on the handle and on the mouthpiece.Emblem inscribed with " Western Australia University Regiment" crown at top inscribed but unreadable.bugle, instrument, western australia

Roller bearing parallel ruler in timber case.navigation, drafting, instrument

These bale measuring rulers were used to calculate bale sizes when loading in ships hold.Obsolete tool is of historical significance to explain past practicesTimber measuring ruler for measuring dimensions of bales being loaded and stacked in ships hold. Outer arms are extendable to suit bale widthsIllegibleinstrument, bale measuring ruler, cargo handling