Used as a SEC tramways employees pass. Demonstrates the badge used by the SEC for free travel on the trams.Stamped enameled round brass piece with an area of solder on the rear indicating where a retaining ring had been placed after the original ring at the top has been broken off. Has the SEC logo in the centre, organisational name (State Electricity Commission of Victoria) in white enamelled and outer ring the words "Electricity Supply Department, Provincial Tramways". This was in blue enamel. On rear stamped the number "225" and on base of badge letter "AMOR", indicating who manufactured the badge.stamped number 225 and "AMOR"employees pass, tramways, sec, tickets, provincial tramways, badges, amor, btm

Note from collector: I love the generous size and thickness of Albany blankets and know someone who collects from this Mill only. The colour shades and combinations Albany used are still so gorgeous. From Western Australia. Note from collector - "For more than 100 years blankets were made all over Australia in over 100 woollen mills. My aim, is to preserve 100 examples of these wonderful pieces of history. Ten years ago I started collecting the iconic Onkaparinga travel rugs, so that on movie nights at home there would be plenty to go around. Everyone had their favourite; even the cat had his own – a small red tartan one. Keeping an eye out for those travel rugs at op-shops and markets, collectable stores and bazaars, led to noticing vintage blankets. I'd never really thought about them before or paid much attention though of course I had grown up with them at my grandmother's. When I discovered my first Laconia cream blanket with blue stripes, my eyes just went gaga. Well that was it, I was hooked and since then over 500 blankets have passed through my hands. These common, everyday items, found in all households for so many decades, were traditional engagement gifts. Pairs were prized wedding presents turning into family heirlooms. They were fashionable dressers of beds, givers of warmth, bestowers of security and reliability. The comfort found in these objects resonates with almost all of us; we grew up with them ourselves or fondly recall them in a grandparent’s home. There is no modern replacement with the integrity of these old blankets, many of them now older than most of us. They are romantic, sensible, special, familiar, nostalgic and nothing else feels so appropriate in so many situations. No offense to the great Aussie doona, but from hippie to hipster, at a music festival, picnic, campsite or couch, a vintage blanket is something coveted by all. This industry that employed tens of thousands and must have been such a huge contributor to the economy is almost completely lost now. Blanket Fever is an ode to everything that came before: the land, the sheep, the shearers, the hands, the mills, the weavers, the designers, the distributors, the department stores. To the grandparents that gave them, the people that received them, the families that kept them; thank you. I’m passionate about my collection of Australian blankets manufactured in mostly Victoria, South Australia and Tasmania from the 1930s to the end of the 1960s. The collection has blankets from each of these four decades representing the styles and fashions of their time and includes dated advertisements which help determine the eras the blankets are from. " Checked blanket, blues and creamAlbany Woollen Mill/Blanket/All Pure Wool/Emblem: A, Albany blanket, blanket fever, wool, albany, albany woollen mills

Robin WELCH (1936- ) Born Nuneaton, Warwickshire, England Robin Welch is one of the most highly respected contemporary British potters. The full range of his work includes large vessels with related paintings, fine drawings, and distinctive bowls and vases which explore colour, surface texture, form, detail of edge, and line. Initially studying at Penzance School of Art and the Central School of Art, London Robin Welch then worked part-time at the Leach Pottery between 1953 and 1959 before opening his own pottery in London's west end (1960 to 1962). After a couple of years of world travel, including working in Australia from 1962 to1965 helping Ian Sprague set up his Mungeribar Pottery and exhibiting in Melbourne, Robin Welch returned to England setting up Stadbroke Pottery in Eye, Suffolk in 1965. This work is part of the Jan Feder Memorial Ceramics Collection. Jan Feder was an alumna of the Gippsland Campus who studied ceramics on the campus. She passed away in the mid 1980s. Her student peers raised funds to buy ceramic works in her memory. They bought works from visiting lecturers who became leading ceramic artists around the world, as well as from many of the staff who taught there.Stoneware bowl with single flange. White glaze with copper tint. Dry black glaze underneath and airbrushed lustre banding. Robin Welch stamped on base.ceramics, robin welch, jan feder memorial ceramics collection, jan feder, gippsland campus, stadbroke pottery, mungeribar pottery

Robin WELCH (1936- ) Born Nuneaton, Warwickshire, England Robin Welch is one of the most highly respected contemporary British potters. The full range of his work includes large vessels with related paintings, fine drawings, and distinctive bowls and vases which explore colour, surface texture, form, detail of edge, and line. Initially studying at Penzance School of Art and the Central School of Art, London Robin Welch then worked part-time at the Leach Pottery between 1953 and 1959 before opening his own pottery in London's west end (1960 to 1962). After a couple of years of world travel, including working in Australia from 1962 to1965 helping Ian Sprague set up his Mungeribar Pottery and exhibiting in Melbourne, Robin Welch returned to England setting up Stadbroke Pottery in Eye, Suffolk in 1965. This work is part of the Jan Feder Memorial Ceramics Collection. Jan Feder was an alumna of the Gippsland Campus who studied ceramics on the campus. She passed away in the mid 1980s. Her student peers raised funds to buy ceramic works in her memory. They bought works from visiting lecturers who became leading ceramic artists around the world, as well as from many of the staff who taught there.Raku Fired stoneware bowl with White Crackle Glaze by Robin Welch Robin Welch stamped on baserobin welch, ceramics, jan feder memorial ceramics collection, gippsland campus

Annual report of the Association for the Advancement of the Blind outlined activities and events over the year, including the amendment of the Constitution to admit sighted officers to take up Committee positions and the election of the first sighted President Mr G A Mexwell, who had been with the Society since its beginning, the provision of wool from the Department of Defence at wholesale rates for blind knitters as well as the distribution of clothing surplus to need, a social evening held to farewell Mr D Blackely (one of the founders of the Association) as he moves to Western Australia, the new pass issued by the Metropolitan Tramways Board covers all lines and allows free travel for blind persons, and W.H. Paterson has stepped down from the Home Committee due to business and health reasons, however will still continue as a Trustee.1 volume of printed material with some illustrationsassociation for the advancement of the blind, annual reports

Jan FEDER Born Barmera, South Australia Jan Feder was a student at the Gippsland Centre of Art and Design in the 1980s. She had started studying ceramics in Adelaide, deciding to continue here study at Churchill under Hedley Potts' tutelage after moving to Strezlecki. In her final year Jan was an on-campus weekday resident to save on the travel time. This work is part of the Jan Feder Memorial Ceramics Collection which was amassed with funds raised by Jan Feder's student peers at the Gippsland Centre for Art and Design in the mid 1980s after Jan Feder passed away. Although many of the works are donated the intention of the collection was to purchase from visiting lecturers who became leading ceramic artists around the world, as well as from many of the staff who taught at the Churchill Campus. A group of ceramic vessels by Jan Feder, an alumna of the Gippsland Centre for Art and Design (GCAD). After her death in the mid 1980s her student peers amassed funds to create a memorial collection. jan feder, jan feder memorial ceramics collection, gippsland campus, alumni, ceramics

Ski-Horizon is the official journal of the Federation of Victorian Ski Clubs which began publication in 1949. The were 26 original member clubs which included Albury Ski Club, Bogong Ski Club, Myrtleford Ski Club, Tallangatta and District Ski Club and Wangaratta Ski Club. Two pioneers of Falls Creek, Tom Mitchell, M.L.A., and Martin Romuld were Vice-Presidents of the Federation.This Journal is significant because it documents the early development of skiing in Victoria.The journal features stories and events chronicling developments in Victoria and internationally. Items related to the Falls Creek Area in this publication include:- Page 2: Toni St Elmo sent a list of Bogong Ski Club members who had passed N.Z. tests during their tour of New Zealand in 1950. Page 10 - 12 An extensive article (Falls Creek", written by Pauline McLean who had spent several holidays there. It includes travel requirements and restrictions and the need to acquire provisions. Reference is made to lodges including the "Skyline" and to Bill Hymans and Ron Roberts' refreshment kiosk at the foot of the tow. Page 13 Toni St Elmo is planning to have a ski tow installed for the coming season. A detailed description of the tow is included.ski history victoria, federation of victorian ski clubs, nedsa events, victorian skiing 1949

This type of balance scales allows precise measurements to be achieved by ensuring that the balance's fulcrum is essentially friction-free by attaching a pointer to the beam which amplifies any deviation from a balance position; and finally by using the lever principle, which allows fractional masses to be applied by movement of a small mass along the measuring arm of the beam. The standardization of the weights used – and ensuring traders used the correct weights – was a considerable preoccupation of governments throughout this time and inspections were held regularly. When the Weights and Measures Act was passed in Victoria in 1862 local inspectors were established throughout the colony to ensure accuracy particularly in the weighing of gold. By the 1870's each local council had a set of standards that were used to test the scales, weights and measures of local merchants and businesses.Set of small scales possibly from a travelling boxed set due to their small size, similar to those used in an apothecary and weighing gold. Scales have two round brass pans with a cross bar and chains and pointer central on the lever arm. At top of lever arm above pointer is a small leather tag from which to hold up the scales. city of greater bendigo commerce, making a nation exhibition, city of greater bendigo mining

Eldest daughter of Edna and Bon Barrie, born on 03 November 1943 in Melbourne, Victoria, Memoirs of Wendy Barrie, recalling the early formative years of life in Melton: In 1949 I started school at Melton State School no 430 and was driven the 2½ miles to there by my parents at first. Later we walked home in the afternoons or were picked up by car as we made our way home along the Western Highway. In 1956 I went to Bacchus Marsh High School. There were 4 students in grade 6 and 3 of us went to the High School. The students from Melton, Melton South and Toolern Vale State Schools went by bus to Bacchus Marsh High School as far a fifth form. My parents drove me to the pick up point and during the five years of travel to High School. The bus travelled via Toolern Vale and later went through Exford and through Parwan. On the return journey in the afternoon the bus went in the reverse direction. The bridge at Exford was an old narrow wooden one, and the students had to get off the bus and walk across, with the driver crossing in the empty bus for safety reasons. There was a travelling allowance paid to parents and it was estimated from the distance the crow flies, a straight line. We lived a Ferris Lane, just where the Harness Racing entrance is now situated about 2 ½ miles by road to school too close to qualify for the subsidy. While at State School Melton we would walk home in a group with the Nixon and Gillespie children, along the main road over the bridge near the Shire Offices and down a hill. I was being dinked on Joyce Gillespie’s bike while holding onto the seat, toppled off the bike striking my chin and teeth on the bitumen and cracking my jaw. I was about 9 years old and stayed a couple of days in the Quamby Hospital in Bacchus Marsh, it seemed like and eternity at the time and quite traumatic being separated from my family. I can remember contemplating how I could get out of the window and run away but realised it was too far to walk home. Often we would cut across the Common on our way home from school picking up stray golf balls and collecting them from the creek when it dried out. We were warned about not accepting lifts from strangers passing along the Melbourne/ Ballarat Road. The only danger we faced was being swooped by the magpies particularly on the open ground on the Common. We were also fairly cautious when the Gypsies camped on the Common in the area just about opposite the small reservoir. “Mum” grandma Myers loved to have us call in on our way home, and usually would cut a slice of Jongebloed’s bread and spread it with home made butter. Sometimes we waited there until we were collected by car, usually driven by our mother. Margaret Nixon and Joyce Gillespie were a few grades ahead of me and Barbara Nixon was born just two months earlier than me. Our mothers were great friends for over 6o years, born in the same month three years apart. They lived within a few days of the same age as each other at the time their deaths. Dad and George Nixon attended Melton school at the same time. Sarah nee Hornbuckle Nixon and my grandfather Frederick Myers Snr were at school together at the same in the 1880s. The Nixon family lived in Keilor Road just past the Toolern Creek near the turnoff. Tom and Ann Collins lived on the southern side of the Western highway and Keilor road intersection. Jim and Ruby Gillespie’s house was further long Keilor road on the right. They backed onto the Myers who lived on the north side of Western Highway east of Myers Gully (Ryans Creek). The Bridge over the Toolern Creek as very narrow and as truck traffic increased there were accidents. One truck took out the side railing and plunged upside down into the bank and into the shallow water. Another fatal accident happened between a car and a truck right in front of the Myers house. Grandfather Fred had been a bike rider all his life, as far as the Riverina in his younger years, wryly made the comment about the drivers the speeding along the Ballarat Road were setting out to kill themselves. The road was busy particularly after the Races at Ballarat when the crowds were hurrying home to Melbourne. Train travel had changed very little from the time my mothers generation to mine. The timetable meant the usual rush to Melton South by bike in her case and if she was running late the train pulled up on the crossing. I was driven to the Station from home past Keith and Mary Gillespie’s house near the Ferris Road rail crossing to Bridge road to Melton South for the 7.32 train. While attending Sunshine High School in 1961 I would meet up with three other students, two of whom I knew from Bacchus Marsh High School days. We usually got into the same compartment on the train, it was a typical country train with a corridor along the side and compartments with a door, roof racks and sometimes heated metal containers for the feet in the winter. Some of the trains came through from Horsham and Ballarat, and the Overland from Adelaide passed through in the evening, we could hear it in the distance from the Ferris Lane home. The carriages had 1st and economy class compartments showing photographs of county scenes and holiday destinations. The engine was the large A class diesel. They are still running to Bacchus Marsh 50 years later, due to the need for the greatly increased number of commuters travelling to work in the city. Sometimes the carriages were pull by a Steam engine, these were a problem in the summer time because the sparks caused fires along the train lines and then quickly spread into the dry grass, crops and stubble. The Motor Train left Spencer Street at 4.23 pm and was the best train for me to catch. Ferris Road was a designated stop and train pulled up on the road crossing. It had steps at the door and rungs to hold while alighting to the ground. The ballast along the tracks was rough and uneven and awkward to land on. The train was painted blue and yellow with the letters VR pained on the front. This saved may parents the afternoon trip to collect me from the Station. On the walk home on the gravel road I would pass Uncle Tom and Aunty May’s house before reaching home. Melva Gillespie was studying at Sunshine Technical School and we sometimes both got off the train at the same time. On other occasions the Motor Train was replaced with a diesel engine with carriages, it was also required to stop and the driver had to be notified in advance. This meant getting into the guards van a Rockbank. It was more difficult alighting from the carriage as the gap was greater and more precarious to swing out and land on the ground. A few times in my last year of study at Melbourne Teachers College in Grattan Street Carlton. I managed to catch the 2.30 pm train to Serviceton, it was express to Melton and was very quick trip. The last train, was the 5.25 pm diesel to Ballarat and I usually caught this train to Melton South Station. On one occasion after being held up on the tram in Bourke street I had to make a mad dash to the platform chasing the train as it was just moving off and yelling to the guard, fortunately I was noticed and the train ground to halt. I scrambled into the end door and took most of the journey home to recover. After the last year at High School I continued to travel on the train, 2 years to Prahran Technical School changing at North Melbourne. There were a lot school children travelling to private schools and some at the primary level and mainly from Bacchus Marsh. Rockbank children also travelled by train from the beginning of their high school years, quite a few went to Sunshine High School. During my third year of teacher training I travelled to Flinders Street to RMIT for ceramics classes and Grattan St Teachers College located in the grounds of Melbourne University. There were many teachers being trained at the Secondary Teachers College due to the baby bulge creating a great shortage of teachers. Sunshine High School was very well represented amongst the different courses in Primary, Secondary and Art and Crafts. I attended Melbourne University lectures, studying a Fine Art subject. Bernard Smith was the most notable of the lecturers. he replaced Professor Joseph Bourke who had taken leave for the years. In 1962 he published the art book “Australian Painting”. The secondary art and craft student teachers from the College were in the majority, taking this subject and were well regarded due to their practical art and craft methods and their teaching round experience. In December 1964 I graduated as a Trained Secondary Teacher – Art and Crafts. The graduating ceremony was held at Wilson Hall. I received my appointment to work at Maryborough High School. Uncle Max and Aunty Rosemary Myers arranged my accommodation. Uncle Max was a teacher at the Maryborough Technical School fat the time. The appointment was suddenly changed when just before the school year was about to start when I received notification that I was now required to move to Warracknabeal High School. I was subject to a bond for the three years of training and three years of teaching and was under an obligation to comply with the directive of the Education Department. My father stood as guarantor when I was accepted as student at the Melbourne Teachers’ College, thus enabling me to receive my teacher training, and a 5 pounds a week allowance for expenses. After teaching for two years at Warracknabeal High School I was fortunate enough the gain a transfer to Sunshine West High School, returning to live at home in Melton and travelling by car to work with a fellow colleague, Jock Smith who lived at Station road Melton. I completed bond obligation and resigned at the end of the year. The employment regulations at that time did not allow the option of leave of absence for, indefinite overseas travel. I returned to Australia in October 1969. Visiting Arthur Hart the Principal of Sunshine High School he arranged with the Education Department for my re-employment at Sunshine High School until the end of the year. In 1970 I was transferred, and returned to Sunshine West High School where I worked for the next three years. In January 1968 I sailed on the “Oriana” to South Hampton with two teaching friends from Warracknabeal High School on a travelling and working holiday. Doreen Kiely, a former Bacchus Marsh High student and fellow train traveller from Bacchus Marsh, was already working in London, had arranged our accommodation at the London Travellers Club Hotel, Braham Gardens, Earls Court SW5. We based our stay at this address in London and travelled around Scotland, Ireland and England. In the summer we took a four month trip around the Continent and the Mediterranean. I registered with The Royal Borough Of Kingston Upon Thames as a Supply teacher, and worked at Chessington School form autumn to spring the following year and living with Mrs Rose Gillies at Kinross Avenue, Worcester Park, Surrey. In the spring of 1969 visiting Norway, Sweden and Finland joining an organised camping group to the Artic Circle, entered Russia at Leningrad (St Petersburg) Moscow, Minsk, to Poland and Czechoslovakia. In August returning to Worcester Park for the flight to Montreal to stay with cousin Lynette and husband Jurgen. A side trip was taken to Toronto, Niagara Falls and New York. The flight home from Montreal to Melbourne took 52 hours. A ½ day break in Vancouver before boarding the Qantas boeing 707 via San Francisco, Honolulu, Fiji, Sydney to Melbourne. Around the world in 21 months. Photographs of Wendy local identities

Memories of Train Travel compiled by Wendy Barrie 4/09/2013 Train travel had changed very little from the time my mothers generation to mine. The timetable meant the usual rush to Melton South by bike in her case and if she was running late the train pulled up on the crossing. I was driven to the Station from home past Keith and Mary Gillespie’s house near the Ferris Road rail crossing to Bridge road to Melton South for the 7.32 train. While attending Sunshine High School in 1961 I would meet up with three other students, two of whom I knew from Bacchus Marsh High School days. We usually got into the same compartment on the train, it was a typical country train with a corridor along the side and compartments with a door, roof racks and sometimes heated metal containers for the feet in the winter. Some of the trains came through from Horsham and Ballarat, and the Overland from Adelaide passed through in the evening, we could hear it in the distance from the Ferris Lane home. The carriages had 1st and economy class compartments showing photographs of county scenes and holiday destinations. The engine was the large A class diesel. They are still running to Bacchus Marsh 50 years later, due to the need for the greatly increased number of commuters travelling to work in the city. Sometimes the carriages were pull by a Steam engine, these were a problem in the summer time because the sparks caused fires along the train lines and then quickly spread into the dry grass, crops and stubble. The Motor Train left Spencer Street at 4.23 pm and was the best train for me to catch. Ferris Road was a designated stop and train pulled up on the road crossing. It had steps at the door and rungs to hold while alighting to the ground. The ballast along the tracks was rough and uneven and awkward to land on. The train was painted blue and yellow with the letters VR pained on the front. This saved may parents the afternoon trip to collect me from the Station. On the walk home on the gravel road I would pass Uncle Tom and Aunty May’s house before reaching home. Melva Gillespie was studying at Sunshine Technical School and we sometimes both got off the train at the same time. On other occasions the Motor Train was replaced with a diesel engine with carriages, it was also required to stop and the driver had to be notified in advance. This meant getting into the guards van a Rockbank. It was more difficult alighting from the carriage as the gap was greater and more precarious to swing out and land on the ground. A few times in my last year of study at Melbourne Teachers College in Grattan Street Carlton. I managed to catch the 2.30 pm train to Serviceton, it was express to Melton and was very quick trip. The last train, was the 5.25 pm diesel to Ballarat and I usually caught this train to Melton South Station. On one occasion after being held up on the tram in Bourke street I had to make a mad dash to the platform chasing the train as it was just moving off and yelling to the guard, fortunately I was noticed and the train ground to halt. I scrambled into the end door and took most of the journey home to recover. After the last year at High School I continued to travel on the train, 2 years to Prahran Technical School changing at North Melbourne. There were a lot school children travelling to private schools and some at the primary level and mainly from Bacchus Marsh. Rockbank children also travelled by train from the beginning of their high school years, quite a few went to Sunshine High School. Book provided a timetable and information about the stations the train travels to from Melbourne to Adelaide. transport

Crofts Stores (a chain of grocery stores) entered this float in the City of Moorabbin centenary procession held in 1962. Crofts had several stores in the City of MoorabbinCrofts Stores was established by Archibald Crofts with a single grocers store in South Melbourne. It eventually expanded to include 137 branches throughout Victoria, trading as Crofts Stores. Several Crofts stores existed in the City of Moorabbin and the chain pioneered self-service food stores in Australia. In 1962 the City of Moorabbin celebrated its centenary, which was marked with a procession through the streetsBlack and white photograph of a float being driven down a busy street. There are five people aboard the float, three behind a counter, and two at the rear. There are small flags reading Crofts (the business name) all around the float. Signage along the long edge of the float reads 'Crofts Stores congratulates the City of Moorabbin 1962'. Signage along the front shorter side reads 'Famous for fine foods', and signage above the counter reads 'Your grocer 1962'. There are people visible on the front porch of a house in the background, watching the float pass. Cars are parked along either side of the road and are also travelling in the opposite direction to the float.Handwritten in red ink: 60%grocery, centenary, city of moorabbin

ill, maps, p.144.non-fictionFrom the vast emptiness of the Nullarbor Plain, on the longest straight rail line in the world, to the twisting tracks of outback Queensland and the rainforests of the north, Australia's railways offer a rich variety of contrasting experiences. Taking the train is an ideal way to explore the continent in comfort and style. Features include: fully revised fifth edition- updated and expanded: with seventy maps including the new Ghan extension to Darwin, rail travel for all budgets--from the five-star luxury of the Great South Pacific Express to economy sleeping berths for budget-conscious travellers, plus full details of the Austrailpass and other passes and ticket bargains, railway route guides with seventy rail maps--all main lines and branches, what to look out for when travelling, and where to stop, railway history--and the battle for the survival of rail in Australia, city guides and maps--the best sights, recommended hotels, and restaurants in many stops along the lines; with extensive sections on Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Adelaide, Perth, Darwin, and Canberra.railroad travel -- australia -- guidebooks, railroad travel -- australia

Used by ESCo to enable identification of depot employees when travelling on the trams. Date made and when used unknown. Has hammer marks on rear of badge. See item 9038 for another example.Demonstrates a employee's free pass for travelling on Ballarat's trams.Handmade metal badge from brass sheet about 52 in diameter with a slot (long oval shape) about 23 long x 5 deep through which a leather strap about 100 long x 10 wide with a steel buckle is fitted. Stamped in capital letters on the badge are "BALLARAT TRAMWAYS" on the outside, "EMPLOYEES DEPOT PASS", in the centre of the badge, with the word "Employees" in a semi-circle. Near the bottom of the badge is the number "12", the one formed using an "I". The letters have been filled with a white paint.tramways, trams, esco, depot, employees pass, badges

Used by ESCo to enable identification of depot employees when travelling on their trams. Date made and when used unknown. See also 1798 for another example.Demonstrates a employee's free pass for travelling on Ballarat's trams.Handmade metal badge from brass sheet about 54 in diameter with a slot (long oval shape) about 23 long x 5 deep through which a leather strap could be fitted through. Stamped in capital letters on the badge are "BALLARAT TRAMWAYS" on the outside, "EMPLOYEES CAR DEPOT", in the centre of the badge, with the word "Employees" in a semi-circle. Near the bottom of the badge is the number "16". The letters have been filled with black paint.tramcars, tramways, esco, depot, employees pass, badges

Second class, Paper pass No. 39076, E.J.Jackson, issued 1/12/1923victorian railways, travel pass

An hourglass or sandglass is an instrument for measuring a defined time and can be used perpetually by simply turning it over immediately the top bulb empties. The clear blown glass is shaped into two equal sized bulbs with a narrow passage in the centre and contains uniform sized sand or glass particles in the lower bulb. The width of the neck regulates the constant flow of the particles. The glass is held in a stand with top and bottom of equal shape and size. Hourglasses can measure an infinite variety of time by gauging the size of the particles, the shape and size of the bulbs and the size of the passage between the bulbs, thus measuring hours or minutes or even seconds. Generally an hourglass sits between discs of wood at the ends, which are joined by long wooden spindles between the ends and tightened by screw caps. The length of time can be adjusted by adding or removing sand particles. The use of the marine sandglass (or hourglass) has been recorded in the 14th century in European shipping. A one minute sandglass was used in conjunction with the ship’s log for ‘dead reckoning’, (see below) that is, for measuring the ship’s speed through the water. They were also used to regulate ringing the ship’s timetable; for example a 4 hour sandglass was used for the length of the sailors’ watch, and a half hour timer for taking of readings for the ship’s log; the ship’s bell would be rung every half hour. It was usually the role of the cabin boy to watch and turn the sandglasses over at the exact time of them emptying their upper chambers and to ring the ship’s bell. Hourglasses have been used historically for many hundreds of years. Some have been used for timing church sermons, in cooking, in industry and at sea. Even today they are used for measuring the cooking time of eggs and timing a player’s turn in games such as Boggle and Pictionary. The sandglasses at sea were gradually replaced in the late 1700’s to early 1800’s by the more accurate chronometers (marine clocks) when they became reliable instruments. DEAD RECKONING (or Deduced Reckoning) Dead reckoning is the term used to describe the method of calculating the ship’s position from its speed and direction, used in early maritime travel, mostly in European waters. Both the (1) speed and the (2) direction of travel were recorded on a Traverse Board at half-hourly intervals during a helmsman’s watch of 4 hours. The navigator would record the readings in his ship’s log, plot them on his navigational chart and give his updated course directions to the next helmsman on watch, along with the cleared Traverse Board. This was a very approximate, but none-the-less helpful, method of navigation. The wooden Traverse Board was a simple pegboard with a diagram of a compass with eight peg holes along the radius to each of the compass points, plus a grid with ascending half hours in the left column and increasing ship’s speed in knots in a row across the column headings, with a peg hole in each of the intersecting cells. A number of wooden pegs were attached to strings on the board. By placing one peg consecutively in the direction’s radius hole, starting from the centre, and the speed holes when the half hourly reading was taken, a picture of speed and direction for the whole 4 hour watch was created. (1) To measure the ship’s speed a one minute hourglass timer was usually used to measure the ship’s speed through the water and help to calculate its longitude. A rope, with knots at regular standard intervals and a weight such as a log at the end, would be thrown overboard at the stern of the ship. At the same time the hourglass would be turned over and a seaman would start counting the number of knots on the rope that passed freely through his hands as the ship travelled. When the timer ran out the counting would be stopped. A timer of one minute (one-sixtieth of an hour), knots spaced one-sixtieth of a nautical mile apart, and simple arithmetic easily gave the speed of the ship in nautical miles per hour ("knots"). This would be recorded every half hour. The speed could however be inaccurate to the travel being affected by ocean currents and wind. (2) To calculate the ship’s direction a compass sighting would be recorded each half hour.Marine hourglasses or sandglasses were used from around the 14th to 19th century during the time of sailing ships. This hourglass is representative of that era, which is during the time of the colonisation of Australia. Hourglass or sandglass; an instrument used to measure time. Two equal sized clear glass bulbs joined with a narrow passage between them, containing equal sized particles of sand grains in lower bulb. Glass sits in a brass collar at each end, in a frame comprising 3 decorative brass columns or posts, each attached top and bottom, using round screw-on feet, to round brass discs. Disc have Roman numerals for the numbers 1 - 12 pressed into their inner surfaces and hieroglyphics on the outer surfaces. Roman numerals on inner surface of discs " I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII " Hieroglyphics impressed on outer surface of discsflagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, horology, hourglass, hour glass, sandglass, sand glass, timing instrument, dead reckoning, deduced reckoning, finding latitude at sea, sandglass with hieroglyphics and roman numerals, hourglass with hieroglyphics and roman numerals, brass hourglass

Set of three colour photocopies on A4 sheets of documents issued to MMTB Traffic staff at the time of the 1956 Olympic Games in Melbourne. Titled "A Special message to all members of the Traffic Staff on the occasion of the XVIth Olympiad at Melbourne" - title page - General information page - about welcoming visitors to the city, information location, recognition of visitors - Ticket or passes - including an illustration and details of free travel badges. Also includes information on bus services to the Olympic village and sight seeing trips.trams, tramways, olympics, mmtb, tickets, passes, badges, buses

Single page A4 sheet, photocopied, titled "New Year's Eve Fares / Tickets", issued 28 December 1987 by the Marketing Division, 50 Queen St, advising of the validity of tickets for 31 December and 1 January 1988 - notes Met Pass, travelcard, Neighbourhood tickets. Has The Met logo on top of the sheet. signed by J. Owers for Biruta Bourke.trams, tramways, tickets, the met, travel cards

Set of two DL size pamphlets issued by the Public Transport Victoria, PTV, advising of fares as at 1/1/2017. .1 - Single sheet DL, printed on off white paper, titled "Metropolitan Myki fares", giving details of the various fares in Melbourne. .2 - Three fold DL, colour printed on off white paper, titled "Your quick guide to using Myki", giving information of travel methods, Myki money or Myki pass, using it, buying and topping up and contact details. Has the PTV and Victorian State Government Logos.trams, tramways, ptv, melbourne, myki, tickets

Book - 43 pages + brown card covers, stapled in the left hand side, titled "Fares and Sections for One-Man Bus Routes", providing fares for each section, table of contents for the various one man bus routes from Doncaster, Melbourne Services, All night services. Has a table for each bus route, giving the section location, travel conditions and fares. Printed using a purple colour Gestener ink. Dated 27/9/1964.On front cover in black Texta "Inspector's Office Nth Fitzroy".trams, tramways, tickets, fares, sections, passes, bus routes, doncaster, all night services

Following the complete closure of the St Kilda - Brighton Electric street railway (tramway) in 1959, the Brighton St Kilda Bus lines operated a service under a contract with the Victorian Railways with a joint ticketting arrangement. These tickets are weekly tickets for various locations along the former tramway. Those tickets available for Melbourne have the conditions of travel on the rear. The two vertical stripes indicated that the ticket was available to pass through the gates at Flinders St or Spencer St, while the large cross indicated to a ticket checker that the ticket was not available beyond St Kilda station or to pass through a set of gates. All printed on a off white card. All undated. 1 - Melbourne & Inkerman St - No. 0754 - Male 2 - Melbourne and Dickens St - No. 0620 - Male 3 - Head St and Melbourne - No. 25592 4 - Bay St and Melbourne - No. 0132 5 - St Kilda and Milton St - No. 1395 6 - St Kilda and Bawy St - No. 0190 7 - St Kilda and Beach Ave - No. 0489Demonstrates a railway ticketting system that was used on buses and railwaysSet of 7 Edmondson style railway tickets printed as Weekly tickets.railways, tickets, weekly tickets, st kilda brighton electric tramway, buses, brighton - st kilda bus lines

Pamphlet - full colour A4 - 8 pages, centre stapled titled "Your Travel Guide into and around the City" with a sub-title of "Swanston St Walk". Printed at the time of the closure of Swanston St to motor vehicle traffic, has maps of the by-pass routes, the reasons for the change, parking, benefits and public transport. Has the date of introduction of March 28, but no year. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swanston_Street,_Melbourne - accessed 29/7/2019 gives the year as 1992. Has the logos of the Victorian Government, City of Melbourne, Vic Roads and the PTC.trams, tramways, swanston st, swanston st walk, mall, public transport

Plastic folder, white plastic containing clear plastic partitions on the inside. Titled "The Melbourne Explorer's Pack", with The Met and PTC badges. Contains 1 - 12 fold "The Met's Melbourne Explorer's Map" with a map of the CBD, train, tram light rail networks and points of interest and locations. Includes a note on the Bus Network and routes. Folds to 167H x 95W 2 - Book - 48 pages + light card cover, "The Explorers Guide to Melbourne" - has a table of contents and index - details of Melbourne, what to see etc. 165H x 96W .3 - ticket - white card, punched for Nov 6, number EP6362 - has conditions of travel on the rear. 60H x 91W Available for zone 1 only .4 - 3 fold DL, advertising the Explorers Pass - three separate tickets, enabled the purchaser to pick the days. $12. .5 - single DL card as for .4, price $13, dated 1/1/1993. On the front is a hand written price label $5-, indicating that it had been purchased after use.trams, tramways, tickets, all lines tickets, passes, melbourne, the met, ptc

Exercise or Mapping book - Australian Mapping book, decorative cover with mathematical tables on the rear, plain paper, 48 pages holding tickets collected by Keith Stodden. Titled "Tickets 2". Tickets have been positioned using stamp hinges. Pages 1 - Sydney 2 - 5 - mixed VR Bus, MMTB, railway tours, National Trust, and other admission tickets 6 - 8 - Brisbane 9 - BTMS, TAA 10 - TMSV, Sydney 11 - MMTB 12 - Sandhurst Town, National Trust, mixed admission 13 - Sydney 14 - MMTB Bus 15 - Adelaide 16 - 19 - Brisbane 20 - 21- Melbourne Rail, 22 - Melbourne Pageant 23 - 24 - Melbourne Rail and Tram - Travel cards 25 - 26 - Auckland, MOTAT 27 - 28 - Travelcards, Ballarat, Bendigo, Perth, MMTB Swimming ticket 29 - Melbourne rail 30 - Ansett bus, rail and MTT Perth 31 - 32 - Rail travel cards 33 - CRB Westgate bridge toll, Neighbourhood tickets 34 - ARHS ACT, Westgate bridge toll vouchers, 35 - 37 - MMTB, Rail travel cards, ACT bus 38 - Muni, and Travelcard 39 - 40 - Rail, 41 - 42 - travel cards, ARHS ACT 43 - 44 - Travelcards, Santa tram Bendigo 45 - blank 46 - VicRail country ticket, Ansett boarding pass 47 - Levers coachlines.trams, tramways, tickets, the met, mmtb, adelaide, sec, tmsv, sydney, buses

Exercise or Mapping book - Australian Mapping book, yellow cover with mathematical tables on the rear, plain paper, 64 pages holding tickets collected by Keith Stodden. Titled "Tickets 3". Tickets have been positioned using stamp hinges. Pages 1 - 10 - Misc., tickets, airlines, buses, tours and entry - NZ and Australia 11 - Painted tram and Neighbourhood 12 - 17 - ditto, travel cards, theatre and MTA single journey 18 - 21 - Misc. tickets, Canada, 22 - 24 - VLine, NSW, 25 - 34 - Theatre, Transporting Art, VLine Parcels, MMTB and Vic passes, Bendigo, St Kilda Line rail, airlines 35 - 36 - Misc. including Pennyroyal, Tasmania. 37 - Airline, ETRB, Skybus 38 - Theatre 39 - 42 - Airline, Whyalla, Theatre, Travelcard 43 - 44 - Theatre, bus, rail and Sydney 45 - 46 - Neighbourhood, coaches, MTA Travelcard, theatre 47 - 51 - TMSV, theatre, rail Neighbourhood 52 - Ansett, Skybus 53 - 57 - scratch tickets, 58 - 59 - theatre 60 - 61 - Sydney, CityRail, 62 - 64 - Neighbourhood, The Met, short trip and Transporting Arttrams, tramways, tickets, the met, mmtb, adelaide, sec, tmsv, sydney, buses

Pamphlet - 8 A4 pages, centre stapled, full colour titled "Your Travel guide into and around the City", for the closure of Swanston St to through traffic and the implementation of Swanston Walk, 28/3/1992. Gives information on streets available to by pass the city, city access, maps, benefits, driving and public transport changes. Has logos of the Vic Government, City of Melbourne, VicRoads and PTC.trams, tramways, swanston st, swanston st walk, closure, public transport

Issued to a retired employee, with conditions of travel on the rear and the employee's signature. Demonstrates a MMTB retired employee's pass.Laminated pass or ticket - yellow card, No. 147 made out for J Stewart,J Stewart in ink and dated December 1976.trams, tramways, mmtb, tickets, retirement

Document provided to people with impaired vision to enable free travel on MMTB vehicles. Gives condition of travel, was to expire on 1/12/1981 with space for date of issue and the bearer's name. Signed by Mr Aird, MMTB Secretary,Demonstrates a free pass issued to people with impaired vision and entitled to free tram and bus travel.Yellow cloth (rexine) covered document on one side, paper on the other titled "Blind Person's Tramways Pass", No. 2002, stamped "Sample Issue Only". The yellow cloth has been given a sealed finish with the paper insert glued to the inside. stamped "Sample Issue Only" on the inside.tramways, tickets, mmtb, blind persons, passes

Issued by The Met or V/Line to identify the person was able to receive concession fares when travelling on public transport. Have the conditions of transport on the rear.Yields information about travel concession cards of the mid 1980s.1 - Sixty Plus Concession card - yellow card, printed in green ink - numbers in red ink - 479650 and 479603 2 - Laminated Sixty Save concession card - printed on safety paper in red and black ink - No. 50748. Priced at $25. Appears to have had a photo affixed to card in the top left-hand corner.Expiry date stamp on item 2 - 5 Mar. 1986tramways, passes, public transport, the met, vline, concession card

Possibly a sample of a product, Melbourne Tram Passport, that was compiled or put together by Go Public in 1995 as a promotion to use Melbourne trams and receive discounts at various venues. No evidence is known of its actual use in practice. On the last page of the Guide Book are the names of David Miller and Frank Pallay and Go Public's Elsternwick PO Address. Similar to the "Melbourne Met Pass" of 1988 - see item 2843 Yields information about the concept of a tourist travel promotion using Melbourne's trams.Green plastic partitioned folded containing sample tickets, map, pamphlet and guide books.trams, tramways, melbourne tram passport, tickets, the met, public transport