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Churchill Island Heritage Farm
Document - Carbon Copy of Estate of Mrs Anna Hannah Gahan, c. 24/04/1936
Dr Harry Jenkins owned Churchill Island from 1936 to 1963 and bequeathed it to Margaret Campbell on his death. Sister Campbell had been nurse to his disabled son and wife and she lived on the island from the time of World War Two. The item was given to Arthur Evans, a family friend, on the day of the auction sale of artifacts when she sold the island, approximately 1973. This carbon copy of the estate of Mrs Anna Hannah Gahan shows the price and value of Churchill Island at the time of her death.Carbon copy of the Final Statement of the Estate of Mrs Anna Hannah Gahan, relative of the wife of Harry Jenkins, Alice. Document is typed in two columns with an itemised list of the complete estatemrs. anna hannah gahan, alice gahan, alice jenkins, harry jenkins, churchill island, jenkins, farm, gahan, statement, deceased estate, 1973, auction, arthur evans -
Mount Evelyn History Group
Photo (framed) L Morrison, Seated portrait of Mrs Louisa Morrison nee Haag (?), c. 1940
This item was donated as a photograph of Louisa Morrison. Louisa (or Luisa) Rosanna Morrison nee Haag came from an early settler family in the farming community of Wandin. The woman photographed is in her old age. If this is indeed Louisa Morrison, the photograph would date from the early 1940s, since she died in 1946 at the age of 70. However the costume and the style of the photo suggest an earlier date, possibly the early 1900s. This could be Louisa's mother, Emma Martha Haynes, or mother-in-law Margaret (McNeil) Morrison. The woman is shown in a garden, probably because the family were farmers/orchardists. Louisa married Daniel McNeil Morrison, who was nine years her senior , in 1900. They had four children and farmed Morrisons' Orchard in Old Hereford Road, Mt Evelyn. The Morrison home was to become the important community house in Mt Evelyn, Morrison House. Morrison Reserve is part of their land, as was Yarra Hills Secondary College, Mt Evelyn Special Developmental School and the Reserve and Athletics facilities, including a tennis club. In 1981 the land title was changed to the Shire of Lillydale, who purchased the land and established the Morrison House Community House from 1976 (ie before they legally owned the land).This picture is of social significance as it is the only reputed picture of Louisa Morrison nee Haag.Brown round cornered frame with gold colour on inner frame. Painted plaster on frame chipped on top right. Coloured (painted) photograph of seated woman in upholstered chair with large brown cushion behind her. Garden setting. Black floor length dress, high necked, long sleeved. White cap on head. White cloth showing at neck.Bottom right hand corner, signature "F. RAPHAEL". Reverse: four inscriptions, one on each straight side, stamped in ink. Top: "MADE IN / AUSTRALIA". Right side: "THIS MOUNTING IS SPECIALLY DESIGNED AND / SELECTED WORKMANSHIP AND MATERIALS / GUARANTEED". Bottom: Table, 1 row, 2 columns. 1st cell: "STYLE / 1". 2ND CELL: "PRICE / 3 GNS". Left: box with 2 columns, 1 row. Left most column is divided horizontally into two, as is the 2nd column, but at a lower level. This creates four cells. Top left: "STYLE 1". Bottom left "PRICE 2 GNS". Top right: "TO BE SOLD AT PRICE MARKED OPPOSITE ONLY ON CONDITION THAT SAME IS MOUNTED ON ONE OF OUR SAMPLE STUDIES". Bottom left: "EMPIRE ART COMPANY LIMITED".louisa, morrison, haag, morrison house, farming, orchard, mt evelyn, photograph, wandin -
Port Melbourne Historical & Preservation Society
Photograph - Proof - Port Melbourne Strong Post in St Kilda Road, waiting for the arrival of Duke and Duchess of York, The Sears Studio, 21 Apr 1927
In 1927 the Duke and Duchess of York (later King George VI and Queen Elizabeth) visited Australia. The Port Melbourne Council established a Strong Post in St Kilda Road to welcome the royal couple. Standing third and fourth from left Mrs CRICHTON, holding an Australian flag, and Cr J P CRICHTON. The tall man in centre of photograph looking at the camera is S S ANDERSON, Town Clerk. Second from right is Cr William HOWE, Mayor. This is a proof version of the final photo also held in the PMHPS collection (293.02) where the oval inset of the royal couple has been swapped from the right hand upper corner in the proof to the upper left corner in final version. Note that the price for copies of the photo is inscribed on the mount. 5/- for this (the large size) and 2/6 for a smaller size.Sepia proof photograph in a cardboard mount of Port Melbourne Council Group in St Kilda Road awaiting the arrival of Duke and Duchess of York - 21 April, 1927. A oval photo of the royal couple is inset (pasted) in the top right corner."This size 5/- each, smaller size 2/6 each" in pencil on the top left corner of the mount. "PROOF" stamped on the right edge of the mount.local government - city of port melbourne, duke of york, duchess of york, william howe, sydney sims anderson, royal visits and occasions, mayors, town clerks, james peter crichton, elizabeth branton crichton nee portbury -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - LYDIA CHANCELLOR COLLECTION: BACK TO GOLDEN SQUARE
Booklet titled ' Back to Golden Square, November 20,21,22 1964' 'Souvenir booklet, price 4/-' written on cover. Yellow cover, photo of obelisk on front cover. Information includes: Golden Square Brass Band, Stramit industries, scout group, Mrs. E. Swatton, Mrs Norma Gilbert, Mr. Con Vafiopulious, Golden Square High School, Golden Square Fire Brigade, football club, bowling club, Methodist church, Golden Square Working Men's Club, Golden Square Cricket Club and 'facts and figures of gold mining in Golden Square'. -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - CONNELLY, TATCHELL, DUNLOP COLLECTION: LEGAL PAPERS, 1896
Documents. Connelly, Tatchell & Dunlop. 1 - Letter from Campbell Colin H, Barrister and Solicitor, Echuca. 2 - 1896 - Letter re Hosking R. 3 - 1896 - Letter from J R Cole, Leicester St, Carlton regarding Barrister's gown and prices for Barristers wigs. 4 - 1896 - Letter from Kennedy C Fred re Kelly. 5 - 1896 - Letter from Charlton J V, Sebastion re Lea Mrs.cottage, miners, connelly, tatchell & dunlop, campbell colin h, hosking r, cole j r, kennedy c fred, kelly, charlton j v, lea mrs -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Book - BENDIGO MUSIC LOVERS CLUB
Book containing newspaper cuttings, listed by month, of the recitals at the Bendigo Music Lovers Club from 1967 - 1976. Book has beige cover with black cloth tape spine and is held together with brass screw bolts.book, bendigo, bendigo music lovers club, bendigo music lovers club, w j werry, zena cohn, junewyn jones, betty pink, marjorie somerville, miss mavis webster, mr john stephens, miss irene gill, diana weekes, julie raines, valerie mccracken, glenis granger, ronald farren-price, loretta goldberg, john pickering, henk montfroy, nancy thomas, vernon hill, margaret schofield, jochen schubert, leon la gruta, val pyers, the pied pipers, murray sharp, richard divall, carole mckenzie, john lavender, brian hansford, barbara hyett, mrs helga hill, mr mark hill, clement hill, christopher hill, kathleen hill, charmaine hill, val pyers, huw jones, phillip miechel, brian chapman, nancy chou, melva lycett, margot cory, graeme wall, vernon hill, isabel hodge, ellis omerod, betty rideau, ian cousins, christine beasley, frederick morgan, sedona mcdowell, sofia vainer izzi wasserman -
Tatura Irrigation & Wartime Camps Museum
Document, F Williams & Co, 1893
Account from F Williams & Co, General merchants to Mrs. R Craven, Tatura, January 28, 1893Account of items and their prices on one page of paper.list of household items, account, williams f, craven w, tatura, williams store, commerce, bookkeeping -
Uniting Church Archives - Synod of Victoria
Photograph, 1928
"Otira" was built in 1887 for Mr. Henry Berry, owner of a large wholesale grocery business. In 1923, the property was acquired by the Methodist Church for use as a home mission training college. B & W photograph of a group of 7 men and 4 non resident women students of the Otira Methodist Home Missionary Training College. Men: Doug Packett, ? Butcher (went back to farm), Cecil Price (returned to England), Jack Hull, Fred Belcher, Ray Kemp, George Collett. Women: ?, Amy ?, Mrs Bartlett (MLC), ? Sinclairdoug packett, ? butcher, cecil price, jack hull, fred belcher, ray kemp, george collett, ?, amy ?, mrs bartlett (mlc), ? sinclair, otira, methodist, home missionary training college -
Uniting Church Archives - Synod of Victoria
Photograph, 1928
"Otira" was built in 1887 for Mr. Henry Berry, owner of a large wholesale grocery business. In 1923, the property was acquired by the Methodist Church for use as a home mission training college. B & W photograph of a group of 7 men and 4 non resident women students of the Otira Methodist Home Missionary Training College. Men: Doug Packett, ? Butcher (went back to farm), Cecil Price (returned to England), Jack Hull, Fred Belcher, Ray Kemp, George Collett. Women: ?, Amy ?, Mrs Bartlett (MLC), ? Sinclairdoug packett, ? butcher, cecil price, jack hull, fred belcher, ray kemp, george collett, ?, amy ?, mrs bartlett (mlc), ? sinclair, otira, methodist, home missionary training college -
Clunes Museum
Magazine, COMPRESS PRINTING LTD. CASTLEREAGH ST. SYDNEY, WOMENS WEEKLY, 17/9/1975
TYPICAL EXAMBPLE OF "WOMEN'S" MAGAZINES IN THE 1970'STHE AUSTRALIAN WOMENS WEEKLY 17. SEPTEMBER.1975 PRICE 40 CENTSnon-fictionTYPICAL EXAMBPLE OF "WOMEN'S" MAGAZINES IN THE 1970'Slocal history, book, magazine, hudson -
Clunes Museum
Magazine - AUSTRALIAN WOMENS WEEKLY, CONSOLIDATED PRESS LTD. SYDNEY, 17/02/1951
IT WAS FOUND IN THE HOUSE WHERE MRS L. HUDSON USED TO LIVE.THE AUSTRALIAN WOMENS WEEKLY 17.FEBRUARY 1951 WITH PHOTOGRAPH SARA QUADS. PRICE 6 PENCE [5 CENTS]local history, magazine, hudson laura -
Clunes Museum
LADY'S MEMBER'S TICKET
TICKET FOR LADY MEMBERS, MRS M GRANT, FOR SEASON 1932 - 1933. P J THYNNE, PRESIDENT. F W WEICKHARDT, J P., HON SECRETARYBLUE LADY'S MEMBER'S TICKET FOR ST.THOMAS' TENNIS CLUB, CLUNES, PRICE 3/6Dlocal history -
Clunes Museum
Newspaper, J R INGUS ALBERT STREET, CRESWICK, 1978
NOTE THE PASSING OF MRS. JEAN PEART - A VALUED CITIZEN OF CLUNES AND DISTRICT NEWS ITEMS AND ADVERTISEMENTS.PHOTO COPY CRESWICK ADVERTISER WEDNESDAY MAY 3 1978 SEVEN PAGE COLLECTION. LOCAL NEWS AND ADVERTISEMENTS. PRICE 10 CENTSE. JONESlocal history, document, newspaper, obituary -
Stawell Historical Society Inc
Photograph, Mick Walsh, Mick Walsh Stawell Studio Colour Negatives, 1975 to 1986
Negatives from Stawell Photographer. Discarded from Penna Print Ararat. Son contacted and gave approval for Stawell Historical Society to keep them. Only those of a non personal nature scanned. Blake Family Nicholson Ron & Margaret Mason Stewart & Price Lynette Bibby family McAllister & Oates Torney & Jones Pan McKay family Reading & Glasson Jim Redman Longmore & West Smith & Quaiffe Christian family Robert Stewart baby Wright & Holloway Graeme & Kay Ellen baby Aileen Neild & Chris Tate Stawell Golf Club A B C D Champions Whelan & Thomas Rodger Payne baby Denise Whitehead Ken Robson Memorials Beckwith & Talbot Schwab & Elliott Dowd & Eastick Barry Henderson baby Quinn & Cameron Wright flowers Pickering & Pietsch Clarke Craig Robson 21st Mrs Kevin Brooks Paulett & Krishna Rama Lang & McDonald Smith & Price RAAMS Erwin Golden Wedding Hilda Cross Sue Wallis & Tom Kilpatrick Eckman family McGregor & Brennan Colour negatives of families, weddings and other. Nineteen Lever Arch Folders Mick Walsh 52 Patrick Street Stawellphotography -
National Wool Museum
Advertisement, 1970
Donated by Mrs Robyn Adams, daughter of wool grower Victor Clyde. Mr. Clyde owned and used this item.White, single page advertisement for Titan hinged joint fencing. Page has black text heading at the top above a black and white drawing of sheep behind a wire fence. Below the image are different specifications of fence sizes with prices. Produced by Goldsbrough Mort. Horizontal fold through middle of page but slightly diagonal.advertising, mrs robyn adams, goldsbrough, mort and company limited -
Stawell Historical Society Inc
Photograph, Concongella Primary School Students 1995, 1995
3rd Row L to R: Courtney Price, Matthew Hall, Tristan Metcalfe, Roy Pringle, Brent Almann, Jo Tilly 2nd Row L to R: Bryce Harrington, Naomi Altmann, Andrew McColl, Bryce Tickner, Nathaniel Warren, Kelly Moos, Johanna Altmann, Michell Druburgh, John Taylor. Front Row L to R: Mikayla Gibson, Scott McMillan, David Procter, Kristen Holden, Reece Collins, Kate Mulvenney, Todd Greenaway, Broedyn Humphris, Samantha Taylor. TEACHERS: Mrs C Trickey, Mrs G Stewart. Prep 1-2Colour Photograph of Students & TeacherConcongella Primary School Prep 1-2 1995students, education -
Stawell Historical Society Inc
Photograph, Concongella Primary School Students 1994, 1994
3rd Row L to R: Elizabeth Clark, Bryce Tickner, Natheniel Warren, Kelly Moss, Tristan Metcalfe, Roy Pringle, Courtney Price. 2nd Row L to R: Carle Rasche, Anna Rathgaber, Tegan Gibson, Andrew Slorach, Christopher Frampton, Danielle Moos, Jessica Altmann, David McColl. Front Row L to R: Heather Stock, Mathew Hall, Jo Tiley, Scott McMillian, Andrew McColl, Brent Altmann, Bryce Harrington, David Proctor, Napmi Altmann Teachers Mrs C Trickey, Mrs G Stewart Grade Prep 1-3 Principal Mr J ReadColour Photograph of Students and TeacherConcongella Primary School Grade Prep 1-3 1994education, students -
National Wool Museum
Textile - Quilt, Mrs Beryl Andersen, Chicken Feed Wagga, 1995-2001
Norma Dessent (the donor) was cleaning out her Mother-in-law Amy Dessent’s home, after she passed away in 1995. She came across a collection of gunny sacks for chicken feed, potatoes, and flour. Norma gave the bags to her good friend Beryl Andersen, thinking she might be able to make use of the material in her quilting. Many years later in 2001, Beryl gave Norma this quilt made in a wagga style out of the bags. This was both a great surprise and a great delight for Norma. Amy Dessent was a housewife. Her chickens were her friends, keeping her company as she worked in her renowned garden and while she cooked and maintained a beautiful home. Typically, Amy would have a dozen chickens clucking around at a time. In the style of the time, everything was kept for a possible repurposing later in life, such as these gunny sacks. The Chicken Feed Wagga was created in Ballarat by Mrs Beryl Andersen. Beryl was the inaugural president of the Hamilton Quilters Guild and is a well-known quilter. Perhaps her best-known work was the “Quilt for Hope”, a living memorial for victims of institutional church-related sexual abuse. More information about this quilt can be found on the following link. https://www.nationalquiltregister.org.au/quilts/quilt-of-hope/). The wool blanket used as a backing belonged to Beryl’s mother. Beryl’s mother married in 1930 and the blanket is thought to have been a present from this wedding, making the blanket close to a century old. Norma donated the quilt to the National Wool Museum in 2021 as a result of downsizing. She no longer had room for the quilt to hang on her wall. Before downsizing, the quilt had hung in the entryway to her home for the last two decades.Wagga style quilt made with a appliqué top layer of gunny sacks that once held chicken feed, flour, and potatoes. The insulating internal material is not known. The backing fabric is made from a cream woollen blanket. The edges are bound with a material of a red and white plaid. The gunny sacks are quilted together with a machine stitch of red thread. The sacks contain imagery pertaining to their previous use. Some sacks have an image of a chicken applied with blue, red, or green ink. Other sacks contain imagery of potatoes. While other sacks contain information “Minimum Crude Protein 14%, Minimum Crude Fat 3%, Maximum Crude Fibre 7%”. One of the sacks shows a handwritten price for a bag of chicken feed in a red ink.Numerous. See multimediaquilts, wagga, gunny sacks, upcycle -
National Wool Museum
Card, Lili Knitting and Crochet Card no. 39
This card and a number of other knitting books were owned by the mother and aunts of the donor, Mrs Dorothy Boyle. They were prolific producers of hand knitted and hand made items of clothing and also knitted and sewed for the armed forces during the Second World War.THE / Lili / KNITTING & CROCHET CARDS / HAND / BAG / SIZE / A MODERNISED CARD SYSTEM FOR / CONVENIENCE. A BIG IMPROVEMENT ON / THE 'PAGE TORN FROM A BOOK' METHOD / DESIGN NO / 39 / PRICE / 4d. / PUBLISHED BY / DEMARET & CO. / 28-30 DERBY ST / COLLINGWOODknitting handicrafts - history, knitting, handicrafts - history -
National Wool Museum
Book, Crochet, Paragon Crochet Gloves book no. 5
This book and a number of others like it were owned by the mother and aunts of the donor, Mrs Dorothy Boyle. They were prolific producers of hand knitted and hand made items of clothing and also knitted and sewed for the armed forces during the Second World War. This book was produced by Paragon and contains patterns for crocheted gloves.Paragon / Crochet / Gloves / BOOK NO 5 / NEEDLEWORK SPECIALISTS / PRICE 1/.crochet handicrafts - history, paragon art needlecraft, crochet, handicrafts - history -
National Wool Museum
Book, Knitting, Cosies, Afghans, Cushions, Wool Novelties
This book and a number of others like it were owned by the mother and aunts of the donor, Mrs Dorothy Boyle. They were prolific producers of hand knitted and hand made items of clothing and also knitted and sewed for the armed forces during the Second World War. This book was produced by Madame Weigel Pty Ltd contains patterns for tea cosies and egg cosies and other small knitted and crocheted novelties.SERIES No. 1. / COSIES / AFGHANS / Cushions / Wool / Novelties / Price / 6 1/2d. / MADAME WEIGEL / Pty. / Ltd. / FASHION DESIGNERS AND PUBLISHERSS / PAPER PATTERN MANUFACTURERS / 229-233 LENNOX ST. RICHMOND, VICknitting handicrafts - history crochet, madame weigel pty ltd, knitting, handicrafts - history, crochet -
National Wool Museum
Book, Knitting, Lincoln Knitting Book no. 446
One of a collection of 56 knitting pattern books donated by Mrs Hilma Carruthers. These books had been used by Mrs Carruthers, her mother and her two daughters. This book was produced by the Lincoln Mills and contains knitting patterns for young girls.FROCKS / and / JUMPERS / for the very / young Lady / MODEL / No. L907 / LINCOLN / KNITTING BOOK No. 446 / PRICE / 6D.handicrafts - history knitting, lincoln mills (australia) limited, handicrafts - history, knitting -
National Wool Museum
Book, Knitting, Hughes Knitting Book no. 227
One of a collection of 56 knitting pattern books donated by Mrs Hilma Carruthers. These books had been used by Mrs Carruthers, her mother and her two daughters. This book was produced by F.W. Hughes Ltd and contains patterns for knitted baby clothes.Hughes / KNITTING BOOK 227 / FEATURING / BABY'S / DESIGNS / 6 - 18 MONTHS / TWINPRUFE BABY WOOL / PRICE: 1'9handicrafts - history knitting, f.w. hughes industries ltd, handicrafts - history, knitting -
National Wool Museum
Book, Knitting, Paragon Knitting Book no. 75
One of a collection of 56 knitting pattern books donated by Mrs Hilma Carruthers. These books had been used by Mrs Carruthers, her mother and her two daughters. This book was produced by Paragon and contains knitting patterns for baby clothes.Paragon / KNITTING BOOK / No. 75 / LAYETTES / PRAM SET / PRAM COVER / Price 1'3handicrafts - history knitting, paragon art needlecraft, handicrafts - history, knitting -
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Document, Mitcham Hills Estate, n.d
Sale brochure for 'Mitcham Hills Estate',Sale brochure for 'Mitcham Hills Estate', 74 sites bordered by McKeon and Quarry Roads, to the order of Commander H.E. Turner and Mrs Turner. Agent: Drake & Co.. With 'List of Sale Prices'.Sale brochure for 'Mitcham Hills Estate',land subdivision, mitcham hills estate, mckeon road, mitcham, quarry road, endeavour street, moresby street, beaufort street, turner, harold exton, cmdr., (mrs), drake & co. -
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Article, Bush Idyll, 8/08/1998 12:00:00 AM
'Bush Idyll' painting by McCubbin has changed owners many times and will be auctioned on 17 August 1998 for an expected record price.'Bush Idyll' painting by McCubbin has changed owners many times and will be auctioned on 17 August 1998 for an expected record price. The girl in the painting is Mary Jane Lobb, mother of Mrs Doreen Gibson. It was found by a local farmer in Cambridshire, England unframed and dusty and bought by David Waterhouse in 1984 for $150,000.'Bush Idyll' painting by McCubbin has changed owners many times and will be auctioned on 17 August 1998 for an expected record price.mccubbin, frederick, streeton, arthur, roberts, tom, gibson, doreen, lobb, mary jane, waterhouse, david -
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Document, Sylvan Glades Paddock Blackburn
Purchasers and prices Sylvan Glades Estate - list of names and individual contractswainwright, phyllis, t. r. b. morton & son, sylvan glades paddock blackburn, blackburn road, blackburn, the avenue, heath street -
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Legal record - Correspondence, Property valuation, 21/04/1925 12:00:00 AM
... . r. b. morton & son price charles s. ponsford warne (mrs ...Request from Chas Price to T.R.B. Morton & Son for valuation of Lots 63, 64 & 65 Cooks Estate, Cook Road, MitchamRequest from Chas Price to T.R.B. Morton & Son for valuation of Lots 63, 64 & 65 Cooks Estate, Cook Road, Mitcham for mortgage purposes and if a good security for the advancement of 300 pounds. Copy of T.R.B. Morton & Son valuation of land and cottage of 400 pounds.Request from Chas Price to T.R.B. Morton & Son for valuation of Lots 63, 64 & 65 Cooks Estate, Cook Road, Mitcham cooks estate, lots 63, 64, 65, cook road, mitcham, t. r. b. morton & son, price, charles s., ponsford, warne, (mrs) -
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Article, Death of Ex-Mayor, n.d
Extract from scrapbook of Mrs Jessie Williams. Death of Frank Paice, Mayor of Nunawading 1951-52, President Shire of Blackburn and Mitcham, 1938-39.Extract from scrapbook of Mrs Jessie Williams. Death of Frank Paice, Mayor of Nunawading 1951-52, President Shire of Blackburn and Mitcham, 1938-39. Worked for 43 years with Humes Ltd.Extract from scrapbook of Mrs Jessie Williams. Death of Frank Paice, Mayor of Nunawading 1951-52, President Shire of Blackburn and Mitcham, 1938-39. williams, jessie, price, frank ernest, shire of blackburn and mitcham, city of nunawading, good neighbour council -
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Memorabilia - Box - Cigarette silks, 1911 - 1917
These type of cigarette silks were included in WD & HO Wills cigarette packets to induce women in particular to take up smoking.|The Word 'Cartophilic?|It is believed that this unusual word was coined in the 1920s by Col. Bagnall, an Englishman, who was the father of the hobby of cigarette card and trade card collecting. It is thought to be a combination of a Latin word, 'carto' meaning 'card and the Greek word 'philic', meaning 'love'.- lover of cards. The term originally related to the collection of the two types mentioned, however, our Society has included postcards in the range of items collected by our members.|The Cigarette Card|The cigarette card began its evolution in the United States of America, in the early 1880s as a plain piece of cardboard used by tobacconists to protect the cigarettes which were sold in that era, not in packets, but loosely. A purchaser would buy his cigarettes then wrap them in paper around the small piece of cardboard, which acted as a stiffener. In fact, for many decades, cigarette cards were known as 'stiffeners' in the USA.|The card depicting 'The Marquis of Lome' is reputed to be the first known cigarette card issued. This is thought to have been in 1879. It did not take long for an enterprising entrepreneur to recognise the advertising potential of the cigarette card, and, very soon, the cards began displaying popular images, often in sets. This had the effect of youngsters, wishing to complete their sets, harassing their fathers to buy a specific brand of cigarettes. The kids who collected cards in the days when they were being issued in the cigarette packets, would hang around outside the local tobacconist's shop, pestering the men who had just bought a packet of cigarette, with the cry: 'can I have the cig can mister?'|It is a proven fact that, here in Australia during the 1930s, at least one set had one card deliberately withheld and issued very sparingly. This card is No. 86 (Mrs Jack Crawford) in the Carreras 'Turf Personality Series'. Thus, in a set of reasonably easy cards to get, this one card is a constant source of frustration for the collector, and as such, commands a premium when it comes to price. It is not hard to imagine the young collector nagging his to Dad to keep buying 'Turf' cigarettes to enable him to finish the set.|From small beginnings the cigarette card soon gave rise to a booming industry in itself. Artists and writers were|employed to produce the cards, which were miniature works of art and served as little encyclopaedia's for the children of the day. By the 1930s cards were being issued in the countless millions. It has been stated, in one book on the history of cards; that 450 million sets of a series produced and issued by the prolific issuer of cards in the United Kingdom, WD & HO Wills. As each set contained 50 cards you would need a calculator with a very long result window to see the answer to how many cards of that series were in circulation.|Australia's involvement would appear to have its beginnings with the English and American firms who shipped their tobacco products here and the cards of American Tobacco Company (ATC) are found in great numbers in early Australian collections; many featuring Australian subjects, e.g. 'Australian Parliament a 1901 issue. Earlier U.S. sets depicting Australians included Goodwin & Co's, so called. 'Australian Series' with cricketers and Australian Rules footballers who were on the sporting scene during the 1880s. The caption of one of theses cards reads:|'W.Hannysee. Captain Port Melbourne Football Club' which enables us to pinpoint the year of issue to either 1889 or 1890.|On the Australian scene the first local manufacturer who issued cards seems to have been The National Cigarette Company of Australia Proprietary Limited, whose 'Tally Ho' packets contained cards from a series of thirteen featuring the touring 'English Cricket Team 1897-8' Of the few Australian manufacturers who issued cards, only two companies issued more the two sets.|Undoubtedly the cards issued by the Melbourne firm Sniders & Abrahams (later Sniders & Abrahams Pty Ltd) are the 'jewels in the crown' of Australian card issues. They issued some thirty-three series, with numerous sub-series and allied issues such as metal badges, metal football shields, celluloid flags etc., which ensured that the hobbyist had a vast range from which to collect. Sporting themes – football, cricket, horse racing – dominate, indicating the Australians' love of sport and the outdoors was as strong in those earlier times as it is today. Military, animals and birds themes were also to the fore, with a touch of culture being provided by 'Shakespeare', 'Dickens', actresses and even classical 'Statuary'. Humour was not forgotten with 'Cartoons and Caricatures', 'Naval and Cricket (double meaning) Terms' and the 'Jokes' series. Art and history were covered by the artist, S.T. Gill's 'Views of Victoria in 1857' while the stereoscopic 'Views of the World' expanded the collectors' knowledge of the world as a whole.|The Sniders & Abrahams series began in 1904 and by 1919 the company was in decline and was eventually taken over by G.G. Goode & Co. Ltd. This company produced one set only, the highly collectable 'Prominent Cricketer Series' issued in 1924. During the early to mid-1920s, J.J. Schuh Tobacco Pty Ltd issued eight series, again containing the popular subjects of sport and war. At least two provincial tobacconists, Lentens of Bendigo and Baillies of Warrnambool, issued private football series. The last series of cards issued by a truly Australian firm was Dudgeon & Arnell's '1934 Australian Cricket Team'.|The Australian market was not neglected by the English companies with WD & HO Wills, Godfrey Phillips and Ogdens all making their contributions. By far the most active issuer was the long-established company Wills, whose 'Cricketers' of 1901 heralded the flood of Australian series, which continued into the mid-thirties.|The onset of the 1939-45 World War sounded the death knell of the cigarette card and very few post-war issues were made, certainly not here in Australia.|The Trade Card|The Trade Card is a non-tobacco item used by manufacturers to promote and advertise their products, in the same way that cigarette cards were. It is uncertain exactly when they were first produced, but in the USA, non-collectable cards were issued by firms in the early 1800s. These were more akin to a latter day 'business card'. It was not until the 1850s, when coloured and pictorial cards were issued to advertise and promote products that the Trade Card|became a collectable item. Many beautiful lithographic cards were produced in this early era and they are very mu sought after by collectors. By the 1870s the issues of Trade Cards became more prolific and it is from this era that more cards are seen.|Again, it is difficult to pinpoint the exact date of the first Australian Trade Card and it may be that the highly collectable and extremely rare 'American Candy Co's' - 'Pure Caramels' Australian Rules football card, issued i 1891, is the earliest series. This confectionery firm was located in Fitzroy, a Melbourne suburb. To date only two subjects have been seen.|Another early set was 'Flags', issued by F.H.Fauldings & Co. It featured testimonials of seven English cricketers who toured Australia with the 1894/5 Test team. Fauldings was an Adelaide based firm which manufactured medicinal toiletries, soaps and oils, using the distinctly Australian eucalyptus oil. During the 20th century a multitude of Australian businesses issued trade cards, with confectionery manufacturers such as Hoadleys, Allens, Sweetacres and Australian Licorice producing the majority of them. Again sporting themes dominated with the ever popular Aussie Rules football cards being the most numerous. Cricket issues ran a close second.|Apart from sporting cards, almost every subject imaginable was covered by the Trade Card, making it the most diverse and interesting branch of cartophilly. In contrast to the Cigarette Card, which had its demise prior to the Second World War, the Trade Card is still alive and well.|We all are aware of the long running 'Birds of Australasia' series put out by Tuck-fields Tea and 1 doubt if there is a kitchen drawer in Australia that has not got one or two of these informative and attractive cards floating about in it. These cards were first produced in the early 1960s and are still being inserted in that company's packets of tea. Such is also the case with Sanitarium Health Foods, manufacturers of the well known Weetbix, who began issuing cards, with a wide range of subjects, in the early 1940s and continue to do so.|The 1940s and 1950s saw the two breakfast food giants, Kornies and Weeties dominating the card scene. Kornies footballers were in production fora decade from 1948 to 1959. Four years later in 1963, we saw the start of four decades of Scanlens bubble-gum card issues, both football and cricket. In the mid 1990s, with the end of the Scanlens/Stimorol cards, the Trading Card came on the scene. These cards do not fit under the umbrella of the Trade Card, having been produced and marketed purely as a 'collectable' with no connection whatsoever to any product, which of course is necessary for an item to be classified as a Trade Card.|The earliest British postcard was issued in 1870 and was designed to send short messages; the stamp was printed on the card, therefore it did not require an envelope. It was considered by many to be lowering the postal standards because the texts were no longer private. However the cards were a great success as on the first day of issue in 1870, half a million passed through the London postal centre.|The first illustrated postcards are said to be those introduced by a French stationer in 1870. He realized that French troops fighting in the Franco-Prussian War needed to be able to send short messages to their families and designed a 'postcard' to suit the purpose. As many of the soldiers were illiterate they decorated their cards with sketches of their many activities at the front rather than writing; thus creating a picture postcard. Private enterprise soon saw the great financial possibilities of this new easy and attractive way of communication by post; also sending a postcard cost less than postage for letters. It was correctly assumed that postcards were likely to overtake letter writing in many instances.|Between 1875 and 1882 every state in Australia introduced official postcards, N.S.W. first and Tasmania last. Each state produced a simple type of postcard with a pre printed stamp allied to that state. The stamp side stated 'The Address Only To Be Written On This Side'; the reverse side sometimes carried a simple illustration or decoration with space fora short message, each state extolling their own state's virtues. In 1901, with the advent of Federation, the new Government became responsible for all postal services in Australia and produced postcards for sale in every state. With several mail deliveries each day in most towns, postcards were used for many purposes. One 1906 postcard, with an illustration of fruit, was sent from Mrs X in the morning to her greengrocer ordering her fruit and vegetables to be delivered that afternoon. Another lady asks her charlady to 'come this afternoon'.|Australian private enterprise also began selling pictorial postcards, most companies using the very experienced German printing works who were the worlds best in the field of lithography and fine detailed colour-printing. Many of these beautiful German cards still exist today, 100 years later. Australia did have a few fine printers but they were in the minority. Black and white postcards printed in Australia in the early 1900s were often of good quality e.g. postcards printed by 'The Bulletin', illustrating the works of 'The Bulletins' top artists.|Between c1903-09 The Melbourne company Osboldstone and Atkins etc. printed coloured reproductions of 46 J.A. Turner bush/rural life paintings, which were generally of good quality and became hugely popular and still sought after today. Like thousands of homes in Europe, Britain and U.S.A., many Australia homes had albums of cherished postcards, which were given pride of place for visitors to see and enjoy.|Postcard collecting remained popular but was changing with the times. About 1912 the Australian photographer George Rose of Melbourne began to produce topographical B/W real photographic postcards covering most of Australia and other photographers began to do likewise. These cards soon found their way into collections as well.|WWI and the horrors of war suddenly changed the world; postcards were still in great demand but the subject matter was far more serious. Thousands of postcards from the trenches in European war zones arrived in Australia to be included in family albums. Propaganda and recruitment messages were produced to encourage enlistment. Australian postcard producers began to create cards decorated with gum leaves, boomerangs, wattle etc., which were designed for sending to Australian troops serving overseas. Very few 'pretty' cards were available, as access to the Gentian printing works was no longer possible and exporting of postcards from Britain was very limited. By the end of WWI people had other more serious problems to contend with and the avid postcard collecting hobby declined, fold greetings took over and topographical photographic postcards became a small but steady income for the producers and newsagents etc. in every town.|Fortunately many of these old postcards still exist and are avidly collected by a new generation or postcard collectors. The Australian Cartophilic Society Inc. is one of four postcard/cigarette card organizations in Australia. They are, N.S.W. Post Card Collectors Society; Queensland Card Collectors' Society Inc. and West Australian Card Collectors|Society, and across the Tasman there is a New Zealand Postcard Society.|References:|Picture Postcards of the Golden Age A Collector's Guide by Toni & Valmai Holt. Picture Postcards in Australia 1898 - 1920 by David CookBox of Cigarette Silks ( 10 ) depicting animal motifs, which were placed in cigarette packets as an incentive for women in particular to smoke.|WD & HO Wills|Produced 1911 - 1917personal effects, smoking accessories, recreations, collections