Index, bib, ill, maps, p.224.Within three months of the Japanese entering World War II on December 8, 1941 over 22 000 Australians had become prisoners-of-war. They went into camps in Timor, Ambon, New Britain, Java, Sumatra, Borneo, Singapore and Malaya, and a few were scattered to other points in what was briefly part of the Japanese empire. Later most of the prisoners were to be shifted further north into South-east Asia, Formosa, Korea, Manchuria and Japan itself. They were captives within lands and cultures and to experiences alien to those known to all other Australians. At the end of the war in August 1945, 14315 servicemen and thirty service women were alive to put on new, loose-fitting uniforms and go home. One in three of the prisoners had died. That is, nearly half of the deaths suffered by Australians in the war in the Pacific were among men and women who had surrendered. Another 8174 Australians had been captured in the fighting in Europe, the Middle East and North Africa: but of these men only 265 died as a result of wounds, disease or execution.By any quantitative measure the imprisonment of so many Australians is a major event in Australian history. For many soldiers it was living --and dying --in captivity which made World War II different from that of World War I. But the prisoners have received no permanent place in Australian history. Their story is not immediately recalled on celebratory occasions. In a general history of the nation in which a chapter is given to the war the prisoners might be mentioned in a sentence, or part of a sentence. Where the horror, stoicism and gallantry of Gallipoli have become part of a common tradition shared by all Australians, the ex-prisoners are granted just the horror. The public may be sympathetic; but the horror is for the prisoners alone. To make another comparison: in five months of fighting on the Kokoda Trail in 1942 the Australians lost 625 dead, less than the number who died on Ambon. Yet the events on Ambon are unknown to most Australians. There were no reporters or cameramen on Ambon and, for the 309 who defended Ambon's Laha airfield, no survivors. How many of them died in battle or died as prisoners will never be known. But there are more than just practical reasons why the record of the prisoners of war is so slight and uneven in the general knowledge of Australians. They have not tried to find out. No historian has written a book to cover the range of camps and experiences, and only in specialist medical publications has anyone investigated the impact of prison life on subsequent physical and mental health. The complexity of the experience and its impact on particular lives have not been expressed in a way to give them significance for other Australians.world war 1939 – 1945 - prisons and prisoners – japanese, world war 1939-1945 - personal narrativies - australia

Index, bib, ill, p.208.Lee Miller's work for Vogue from 1941-45 sets her apart as a photographer of extraordinary ability, and the quality of her work from the period has long been recognized as outstanding. Its full range is shown here, accompanied by her brilliant despatches." "Miller's words manage to combine immediacy with acute observation, and deep personal involvement with professional detachment. Complementing her natural talent in writing are over one hundred and fifty remarkable photographs from the Lee Miller Archives. With their own quality of surrealist irony, which at times verges on the horrific and at others on the hilarious, they show war-ravaged cities, buildings and landscapes, but above all war-resilient people - soldiers, leaders, medics, evacuees, prisoners of war, the wounded, the villains and the heroeswar correspondents - united states - biography, world war 1939 – 1945 – personal narratives – united states

Ill, maps, p.336.non-fictionOn the afternoon of 18 August 1966, just five kilometres from the main Australian Task Force base at Nui Dat, a group of Viet Cong soldiers walked into the right flank of Delta Company, 6 RAR. Under a blanket of mist and heavy monsoon rain, amid the mud and shattered rubber trees, a dispersed Company of 108 men held its ground with courage and grim determination against a three-sided attack from a force of 2,500 Viet Cong and North Vietnamese Army troops. When the battle subsided, 18 Australian soldiers lay dead and 24 had been wounded. Battlefield clearance revealed 245 enemy bodies with captured documents later confirming the count at over 500 enemy killed and 800 wounded. These men were led by a gruff and gusty perfectionist, Major Harry Smith. Now, some 47 years after the battle, Harry tells his story for the first time. But Long Tan is more than just an account of a historic battle. Harry Smith takes his readers on an extraordinary journey - one that ultimately reveals a remarkable cover-up at the highest military and political echelons. Long Tan is also Harry's life story and portrays his many personal battles, from failed marriages to commando-style killing; from a horrific parachute accident through to his modern-day struggles with bureaucracy for recognition for his soldiers. Harry's battles are tempered by his love of sailing, where he has at last found some peace. Long Tan portrays the wrenching, visceral experience of a man who has fought lifelong battles, in a story that he is only now able to tell. Harry can still hear the gunfire and smell the blood spilt at Long Tan. For him, the fight continues. Collapse summary vietnam conflict - australian involvement, vietnam war 1961-1975 – battles – long tan

The portrait depicts Sgt. A.D. Lowerson V.C. after receipt of his award at Buckingham Palace on March 1, 1919. It links the town and the Lowerson family to events in World War 1. A.D. Lowerson was awarded the Victoria Cross as the result of bravery and leadership in the capture of Mont St. Quentin on September 1, 1918, particularly for his bombing of a German strongpoint. He refused to leave his post, despite wounds, for two days. He is the only winner of the V.C. in north east Victoria, beyond Euroa. Lowerson's name has been memorialized in a street name, the local swimming pool and Soldiers Memorial Square and with others on church and state school honour boards. Monochrome portrait of Sergeant Albert David Lowerson, Victoria Cross (1896-1945), standing, in gold frame.a.d. lowerson, v.c. mont st. quentin

A framed miniturised book cover of the book "New Zealand's Vietnam War" A history of combat, committment and controversy written by Ian McGibbon. The photos on the document depict soldiers attending a wounded man and a helicopter landing with a solder giving hand signals to the pilot.The definitive history of New Zealand's involement in the most controversial war of the 20th centurynew zealand

Typewritten story about two surviving members of a platoon where eleven of fellow soldiers were killed or badly wounded (and sent home) and their last day in Vietnam dring and reminiscing. Platooon Sargeant Hoover and Staff Sargeant Young. Unknown author and date.document, sgt hoover, staff sgt young

Grey painted Wooden Cross with name and description of Service of deceased soldierPeter E. Clements. Joined April 1962 aged 17. Became Crew Commander with 3 Troop IAPC Squadron on August 18 1966 whilst relieving troops at Battle of Long Tan. Corporal Clements was fatally wounded - He died 9 days laterwooden cross, peter e clements, long tan

Grey Wooden Cross with name and Photograph and story of deceased soldier. Signed up Sept 6th 1965 and died eleven months later from chest woundsDavid J Thomas 21 enlisted Rifleman. One of eighteen Australian Soldiers killed at Battle of Long Tan, from chest woundswooden cross, david j thomas

Coloured Photograph of two APC's in heavy jungle. A casualty is being treated on top of the forward APC. A soldier mans a machine gun of the rear APC.My Vietnam Collection- Mick Kingphotograph, armoured personnel carrier, wounded serviceman

In May 1969, Warrant Officer Second Class Keith Payne was leading a company of Montagnard soldiers near Ben Het, Vietnam. The company was overrun by a superior force of North Vietnamese regular soldiers, and when the skirmish was over many of Payne's men were left behind, wounded, disoriented and at the mercy of the enemy. 1961-1975 - veterans - biography, vietnam war, 1961-1975 - psychological aspects, payne, keith, wo keith payne, victoria cross

Mick Berrigan was critically wounded in Vietnam in 1967. He returned to Australia and a system which was totally unprepared to rehabilitate him of provide any support for his extensive brain injury. This is the story of his courage and persistence in his fight to be his own person. It is about his parents and affect their constant search for help on Mick's behalf had on their lives. It is also about me, his sister, and how I became his 'significant other'.vietnam war, 1961-1975, war wounds -- biography, rehabilitation -- australia -- biography

Mick Berrigan was critically wounded in Vietnam in 1967. He returned to Australia and a system which was totally unprepared to rehabilitate him of provide any support for his extensive brain injury. This is the story of his courage and persistence in his fight to be his own person. It is about his parents and affect their constant search for help on Mick's behalf had on their lives. It is also about me, his sister, and how I became his 'significant other'.vietnam war, 1961-1975, war wounds -- biography, rehabilitation -- australia -- biography

Operation Hammersley , 10 February until 9 March 1970, was undertaken by a combined force of: C Company, 8th Battalion, the Royal Australian Regiment (8RAR); armoured personnel carriers from 3 Cavalry Regiment; tanks from 1 Armoured Regiment; sappers from the Royal Australian Engineers; a mortar section from 8RAR’s Support Company; air support, and even a Navy destroyer off-shore to provide gunfire support. The operation aimed to protect 17 Construction Squadron, Royal Australian Engineers, at a quarry in the western foothills of the Long Hai hills. The Long Hai hills were a stronghold for the Viet Cong, who used the caves there as a bunker complex and had planted many landmines and booby traps in the area. Over two fierce weeks, 8 RAR carried out patrols and conducted ambushes, engaging VC troops and eventually capturing the bunker system. However, it was a costly campaign. In total, over 70 Australians were killed or wounded during the operation. The worst day for mine casualties in Australia's war in Vietnam occurred on 28 February 1970. It became known as 'Black Saturday". Nine members of 8RAR were killed and 29 wounded. This item is the Order of Service from the memorial service held at Nui Dat on 3 April 1970 to honour those killed at Long Hai. It was issued to the donor, National Serviceman G G Ravenscroft, who was serving in 1 Platoon, A Company 8RAR during Operation Hammersley, and received a minor shrapnel wound on Black Saturday.Two typed A-4 pages that have been folded into booklet, now flattened and framed. Listed are the prayers, Bible readings and sermon given, along with the names of the 8 fallen soldiers, and the chaplains who officiated.8rar, long hai, long hai hills, black saturday, 1970, operation hammersley, ravenscroft, geoff ravenscroft, memorial service

January 1967, John 'Jethro' Thompson is a 21 year old Aussie Digger on his way to the war in South Vietnam. Five months later he returns home - doctors don't expect him to survive his horrendous wounds, This is the remarkable true story of Jethro's journey: his struggles to cope with enormous physical pain and the psychological effects of becoming a triple amputee, and the people who teach him the true meaning of mateship.soldier, wounded soldier, vietnam

Coloured image taken from Ektochrome slide by 139225 Lt. Col. Lawrence Parker. Thomas J. Byrne 1202827 seated with wounded Vietname childthere was no easing into the job at 1AFH, you had to slot into the system and take the pklace of the soldier you had replaced.ektachrome slide, 1st australian field hospital, photograph

Coloured image taken from Ektochrome slide by 139225 Lt. Col. Lawrence Parker. Thomas J. Byrne 1202827 seated with wounded Vietname childthere was no easing into the job at 1AFH, you had to slot into the system and take the pklace of the soldier you had replaced.ektachrome slide, 1st australian field hospital, photograph

Black & White laminated photo of Pte Bill Blaikie forward scout 12 platoon 14/07/1965 after being wounded by booby trap. Two other soldiers attending him.photograph, pte bill blaikie

For soldiers, the battlefield is a harsh and savage place. for the wounded and dying, it is an environment of extreme fear, however much their sense of themselves as soldiers demands they must not show it.nurses and nursing - australia - history - 20th century, military nursing - australia - history

A black and white photograph of 1st Australian Field Hospital, Vung Tau, Vampire Helicopter pad,, US Army Dustoff 45 casavac helicopter, delivers wound VietCong, South Vietnamese Army Interpreter and medics en route to triage, background medics receive other wounded.photograph, 1st australian field hospital, vung tau, vampire helicopter pad, dustoff, viet cong, medic, gibbons collection catalogue

A black and white photograph of Diggers from 6 RAR/NZ (ANZAC) carry a wounded VietCong prisoner around the mountain at K76A Hospital captured during Operation Marsden. The enemy soldier led the Intelligence Officers and their support to many caves and underground cachesphotograph, 6 rar/nz, k76a hospital, operation marsden, nui may tao mountain, vc prisoner, gibbons collection catalogue, intelligence officers

A black and white photograph of a Medic Digger of 11 Platoon, D Coy 6 RAR/NZ (ANZAC) gives a wounded NVA/VietCong treatment, following a very successful ambush during Operation Lavarack in the Long Binh-Ben Hoa area. The ambush accounted for six enemy killed and two capturedphotograph, 11 platoon, d coy, 6 rar/nz, nva/vc, operation lavarack, long binh-ben hoa, gibbons collection catalogue, medic, digger

A black and white photograph of Diggers of 11 Platoon, D Company. 6 RAR/NZ (ANZAC) on Operation Lavarack, North East of the Australian Task Force Base at Nui Dat. The wounded VietCong is lifted aboard an American Dustoff helicopter by L/Cpl Grygierczyk. Pte J Korn and Maj J Lakeyphotograph, 11 platoon, d coy, 6 rar/nz, operation lavarack, nva/vc, dustoff, l/cpl grycierczyk, pte j korn, maj j lakey, gibbons collection catalogue, digger

A black and white photograph of Diggers from 11 Platoon, D Copany, 6 RAR/NZ (ANZAC) on Operation Lavarack, North East of the Australian Task force Base at Nui Dat, Cpl R Bunting, Medic Pte T Spriggs, 2Lt A Valentine, Cpl D Severn and Cpl G Robinsin watch as the medic prepares to treat the wounded VCphotograph, 11 platoon, d coy, 6 rar/nz, operation lavarack, australian task force, nui dat, pte t spriggs, 2lt a valentine, cpl d severn, cpl g robinson, cpl r bunting, vc, gibbons collection catalogue, medic, digger

On a black background is the story of New Zealand's Vietnam War from June 1964 to December 1972. It details the number of soldiers who served and the number of soldiers who lost their life and were wounded. Surrounding the wall map there is a description of the 10 areas where New Zealand Solders were based. They are listed below in the keywords section.map, new zealand, bong son, qui nhon, dong ba thin, bien hoa, nui dat, vung tau, saigon, thu dau mot, chi lang, phuoc tuy province

Collection of personal effects that belonged to Private SIdney Spencer Plum, 3431 1st Pioneer Battalion. SIdney was born on 3/1/1894 at Dockers Plains via Wangaratta. He attended both North Wangaratta and Dockers Plains schools. He was a Blacksmith aged 21 years when he enlisted on 12/6/1915 and embarked on 11/10/1915 on board HMAT Nestor. He was wounded three times and was discharged from the AIF on 16/3/1919. Items include oval photo of Sidney Plum in the centre surrounded by four post cards, one embroidered post card of a dove with an envelope in it's beak with the Union Jack and French flag, a Greetings From The Front" booklet, "The Armour of Light" bible, "A Form of Prayer for open air services" book, Soldier's Pay Book, a "To my dear Mother" card, a black leather pouch, a rising sun badge, round gold medallion. A framed montage of personal items belonging to Private Sydney Spencer PLUM compiled by his family to honour his memory and service. In addition to general military issue the remaining items were most likely purchased whilst on leave in France and England during the first world war. Postcards particularly embroidered postcards were sent home to loved ones and friends.Framed Collection of personal effects - Private Sidney Spencer Plum, 1st Pioneer Battalion. Includes oval photo of Sidney Plum in the centre surrounded by four post cards, one embroidered post card of a dove with an envelope in it's beak with the Union Jack and French flag, a Greetings From The Front" booklet, "The Armour of Light" bible, "A Form of Prayer for open air services" book, Soldier's Pay Book, a "To my dear Mother" card, a black leather pouch, a risen sun badge, round gold coloured medalion. Frame has a donation plaque.Front: Pte Sidney Spencer Plum, 1st Pioneer Battalion. Donated by Max & Hilary (Plum) Ryan and Sylvia Reed (Plum) of Wangarattaa Back: Wangaratta Picture Framers 9 Oct 2003. Also has messages from front postcards; Dear Mother, Just a few lines to let you know that I am alright hoping that you and all the rest is well too. We have had three fogs over here and it is very cold at night. I was picked in Cairo and they had some Turkey Officers an a German spy in gaol there. I wrote to Aunt Nelline. I got two letters from Alf. Maude Saxby hasnt wrote to me since I was up there on final leave. I get the letters quicker. I got Alf photos all right. I will be having Christmas in London. Well I think this is all this. I remain you son Sid. Tell Alf to send me over the Age so I can see how the war is going. I suppose Dad and the rest is busy harvesting now. Glad to hear that you got the photos all right. I think this is all this time from Sid same address as before. Dear Mother, Just a few lines to let you know that I am keeping well hoping that you and every body is the same. We have some great fogs over here, it rained all one night. We had a very good Christmas we got a billy issued to us and it had every thing in it. The Captain of our company gave me a Christmas pudding. All the same I wished I were back in Australia again. I think this is all this time. Yours truely son Sid, 25/12/15plum, sidney, world war 1, postcards, embroidered postcard, soldier's pay book, leather pouch, bible, prayer book, sydney

Roy Tobias MM Born 2/1/1924 at Wangaratta . He enlisted on 9/4/1942 and served with 57/60 Battalion in New Guinea during the Second World War. He was wounded by a gunshot wound to the left thigh. He died in 2001 at the age of 77 years.Timber frame surrounding green and brown print of four soldiers in a village.57/60 BTN in Action at Bougainville Loaned by 57/60 Btn Assoc. Donated by Roy Tobias M.M. 199957/60 battalion, bouganville, ww2

This black and white image taken of Australian soldiers at the Headquarters of the AIF Overseas Training Brigade based at Longbridge Deverell in Wiltshire England prior to distribution of Comfort Funds Xmas Boxes in 1918. One of the soldiers in the image is Private Llewellyn EVANS 5335 of the 24th Battalion. EVANS was born on the 9/8/1879 at Moyhu in Victoria. He was a farmer and enlisted on the 8/2/1916 at the age of 36 years. He embarked on the 1/8/1916 and was wounded twice, first in 1917 receiving a gunshot wound to the right leg and again in 1918 receiving a gunshot wound to the right arm and leg. He returned to Australia and was discharged on 30/4/1919.Sand Hill (Longbridge Deverill)- Sand Hill camp was built in 1914 to accommodate infantry units. Australian troops arrived at Longbridge Deverill in October 1917, when their Overseas Training Brigade was moved from Perham Down and established there to train soldiers who had recovered from illness and wounds for a return to active service. Brown timber frame containing photograph of large group of soldiers and band members in an open field.Distribution of "Comfort Fund" Xmas Boxes to A.I.F. Longbridge Deverall, March 1918 comfort fund, ww1, llewellyn evans, 24th battalion, longbridge deverill

Borough of Wangaratta Certificate of Thanks and Apppreciation presented to Private Sydney Spencer Plum. 3431 1st Pioneer Battalion A.I.F, Born January 3rd 1894 at Dockers Plains. Father's name Albert F Plum. Mother's name Mary Plum. He was educated at North Wangaratta and Docker's Plains State School. He was a blacksmith when he enlisted June 12th 1915. He trained at Flemington Racecourse and embarked on SS "Nestor" October 11th 1915. He fought in battles; Peronne, Cambrai, Somme. Being wounded 3 times. He embarked for home per SS "Orontes"; disembarked January 28th 1919 and was discharged March 16th 1919. Later, he entered the service of the Victorian Railways Department.Oak framed certificates were presented by the Borough of Wangaratta to the relatives of soldiers killed in action and returned soldiers who enlisted from the Borough during the First World War. These ceremonies were well attended by the local communities and held at intervals when the soldiers and nurses returned home from active service.Burgandy wooden frame with sand coloured mounting of a certificate of thanks and appreciation from Borough of Wangaratta to Pte Sidney S PLUM. At the top of the certificate, it has the Australian and Union Jack flags entwined over some wattle. At the bottom it has the rising sun surrounded by a wreath with two crossed rifles underneath. To the bottom right there is a large red leather seal. Mounted beneath the certificate is a black plaque. On the back is a typed history of S.Plum.Plaque is inscribed: 3451A Pte Sydney Spencer Plum. 1st Pioneer Battalion A.I.F. Served 12/6/1915 to 16/3/1919. Peronne, Cambrai and Somme. Born 3/1/1894 - Died 25/7/1958. Certificate: For King & Empire, Borough of Wangaratta. The Mayor, Councillors, and Ratepayers of the Borough of Wangaratta hereby place on record their Thanks and Appreciation for the conduct of S.S.Plum who served his King and Country in the Great War, which commenced 4th August 1914. In Witness Whereof the Corporate Seal of the Municipality is hereto attached in the presence of Mayor, Town Clerk. He answered his country's call. D.W Patterson Co PTY LTD 495 Collins St Melbsidney, plum, wangaratta, wwi, world war 1, peronne, cambrai, somme, north wangaratta, dockers plains

Photographs located in personal items belonging to John Brian MURRAY VX142238 - Photograph of three crosses taken at Bomana Cemetery in Port Moresby where the following servicemen are buried: - Thomas Rutherford HOPE VX141789 born 8/12/1919 at Footscray served with the 57/60 Australian Infantry Battalion and died of wounds on 22/6/1945 at Bougainville; Maxwell FISHER VX149937 born 23/6/1911 at Wangaratta/Carboor - Acting Sergeant with the Australian Army Catering Corp attached to the 58/59 Australian Infantry Battalion and died of wounds on 17/6/45 at Bougainville; and Thomas Martin BROWN WX16690 born 19/4/1916 at Fremantle - Trooper with 2/4 Armoured Regiment attached 24th Infantry Battalion and Killed in Action on 28/4/1945 at Bougainville.Four small black and white unframed photographs 1. Male standing with white towel around waist in front of row of tents 2. Group of soldiers with hill in background 3&4 Identical photographs - three white grave crosses with soldiers behind. Grave sites of j b murray vx142238, thomas rutherford hope, maxwell fisher, thomas martiin brown, bomana cemetery port moresby, ww2, new guinea

Postcards dated 1917 sent to Private J W ELLIS 5334 during WW1. Born: Rupanyup. Home Town: Nyarrin Occupation: Farmer Enlisted 1915 aged 37 24th Battalion Fought on the Western Front. Wounded and returned to Australia 16/4/1918. Buried at Wangaratta Cemetery Ten postcards - five coloured postcards and five black and white postcards Three photographs of soldiers, one seated, one standing and one on horseback. One photograph of female. Four envelopes Twenty-five photographsPhotograph of female has handwritten inscription on front - Yours Sincerely Theresa 7-8-1916 Two envelopes address to J W ELLIS and one to Miss Jean Heap 21/25 photographs have handwritten inscriptions on rear and dated between 1915-1917j.w. ellis, 24th battalion, ww1