This particular geological specimen was found in Mount Franklin or Lalgambook in Djadjawurrung, located between Daylesford and Newstead, approximately ninety minutes drive from Melbourne. The mountain is an example of a breached scoria cone (a steep conical hill of loose pyroclastic fragments) which was created by a volcanic eruption about 470,000 years ago, a date which may indicate the age of this geological specimen. The volcanic eruptions of Mount Franklin were most likely witnessed by members of the Dja Dja Wurrung Aboriginal tribe, who referred to this country as the 'smoking grounds'. Mount Franklin and the surrounding area appears to have been a place of considerable religious significance to Aboriginal people, there is evidence which indicates that frequent large ceremonial gatherings took place in the area. Basalt is the most common rock on Earth’s surface, more than 90% of all volcanic rock on Earth is basalt. Basalt is an aphanitic extrusive igneous rock formed from the rapid cooling of low-viscosity lava exposed at or very near the surface of a rocky planet or moon. Specimens are black in colour and weather to dark green or brown. Basalt is rich in iron and magnesium and is mainly composed of olivine, pyroxene, and plagioclase. Olivine is the name of a group of rock-forming silicate minerals with compositions ranging between Mg2SiO4 and Fe2SiO4. Unlike other minerals, Olivine has a very high crystallisation temperature which makes it the first of the minerals to crystallise from magma. As magma cools, the crystals begin to form and settle on the bottom of the lava and form basalts that are abnormally enriched in olivine in the lower part of lava flows. According to H. M. King (on geology.com) "Olivine is thought to be an important mineral in Earth's mantle. Its presence as a mantle mineral has been inferred by a change in the behaviour of seismic waves as they cross the boundary between Earth's crust and mantle". Lava from Mount Franklin and other volcanoes in the area filled valleys and buried the gold bearing streams that became the renowned ‘deep leads’ of the gold mining era. In 1852, as part of the Victorian gold rush, gold was discovered in the immediate area, this gold was created by lava flows during the Newer Volcanic period, which were mined intensively during the nineteenth century. Around 1865 the presence of a deep lead in Mount Franklin was established. Deep lead mining was initially unsuccessful, and it was not until the late 1870s that the Franklinford Gold Mining Company mined at Mount Franklin on a significant scale. A few years later the Mount Franklin Estate Gold Mining Company also struck gold, followed by the Shakespeare and Great Western companies in the mid-1880s. By the late 1880s, however, deep lead mining had ceased in the area. Soon after gold was discovered in 1851, Victoria’s Governor La Trobe wrote to the Colonial Office in London, urging ‘the propriety of selecting and appointing as Mineral Surveyor for this Colony a gentleman possessed of the requisite qualifications and acquaintance with geological science and phenomena’. Alfred Selwyn was appointed geological surveyor in Australia in 1852 which began the Geological Survey of Victoria. In 1853-69 the Geological Survey issued under Selwyn's direction sixty-one geological maps and numerous reports; they were of such high standard that a writer in the Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London bracketed the survey with that of the United States of America as the best in the world. During his years spent in Australia, Selwyn collected numerous significant geological specimens, examples of which are held in collections such as the Burke Museum.This geological specimen is an example of basalt and olivine which shows the volcanic lava activity and geographical specific nature of Mt Franklin as a significant volcanic site. According to Agriculture Victoria 'The crater is one of the deepest in the Central Highlands area. It is a major megacryst site with some of the largest known Victorian examples of megacrysts of augite and an orthoclase. The small parasitic mound of Lady Franklin on the western flanks adds to the geological interest of the site'. This specimen also highlights the locality as a significant place for both indigenous activity and Victorian gold rush era mining practices. This specimen is part of a larger collection of geological and mineral specimens collected from around Australia (and some parts of the world) and donated to the Burke Museum between 1868-1880. A large percentage of these specimens were collected in Victoria as part of the Geological Survey of Victoria that begun in 1852 (in response to the Gold Rush) to study and map the geology of Victoria. Collecting geological specimens was an important part of mapping and understanding the scientific makeup of the earth. Many of these specimens were sent to research and collecting organisations across Australia, including the Burke Museum, to educate and encourage further study.An angular, solid hand-sized piece of grey volcanic Basalt with green/brown Olivine phenocrysts along one flat edge.Olivine in basalt / - label is probably / correct. / C. Willman / 15/4/21burke museum, beechworth, indigo shire, beechworth museum, geological, geological specimen, mineralogy, basalt, igneous rock, igneous-volcanic, volcanic geology, volcanic, olivine, olivine specimen, basaltoid

Basalt is a common igneous rock that composes most of the Earth's surface and can be found on the Moon and other rocky planets of the Solar System. It is generally composed minerals such as calcic plagioclase, clinopyroxene and iron ore which form grains that are indistinguishable to the naked eye. It can be dark grey or black in colouring and sometimes may contain holes left by gas bubbles. Most of the Earth's basalt was produced in environments such as oceanic divergent boundaries, oceanic hotspots, and mantle plumes and hotspots beneath continents. Basalt is commonly used in construction where it is crushed and used for multiple purposes such as concrete aggregate, road base, or railroad ballast. Thin slabs of basalt can also be cut and used for floor tiles, stone monuments, and building veneer. This particular specimen was excavated from Talbot in Victoria, which was a small gold mining town established in 1852. As basalt is a common rock, it is not specific to Talbot. However, this specimen can be assumed to be of the Cainozoic age due to previous geomorphic surveys of the area. This particular type of Basalt was used mainly for roads due to the durability of the rock.Basalt holds significance due to the continued use of the rock from historic until present times. The rock has been utilised for many types of construction and is still used for the same purposes today. Basalt also has significance to the Earth and other rocky planets of the Solar System as it makes up most of the planet's surface. This specimen is part of a larger collection of geological and mineral specimens collected from around Australia (and some parts of the world) and donated to the Burke Museum between 1868-1880. A large percentage of these specimens were collected in Victoria as part of the Geological Survey of Victoria that begun in 1852 (in response to the Gold Rush) to study and map the geology of Victoria. Collecting geological specimens was an important part of mapping and understanding the scientific makeup of the earth. Many of these specimens were sent to research and collecting organisations across Australia, including the Burke Museum, to educate and encourage further study.A smaller than hand sized rock specimen which is dark grey in colour with small holes and white deposits across its surface.Geological survey / [illegible] /burke museum, beechworth, geological specimen, geology, basalt, basalt specemin, indigo shire, talbot, cainozoic, igneous rock

Portable Compound Engine - Marshall & Son's. Builders Number 48317 Built by Marshall Sons & Co., Ltd., Gainsborough, England (Builder’s Number 48317 of approximately 1908/1909), to the order of Robison Brothers, Engineers, South Melbourne. It was used for operating a pump to supply irrigation water at Robinvale in Northern Victoria. Robison Bros & Co. P/L was founded by James McFarlane Robison and his brothers in 1854, initially as plumbers and coppersmiths, the firm expanded into general engineering, boiler-making and brass, iron and steel founders and became one of Melbourne's most important engineering firms. They constructed railway bridges, gold mining equipment, railway locomotives, pumping stations, brewing vessels, abattoir machinery, amongst much else and including the first turnstiles at the Melbourne Cricket Ground. A portable engine is either a steam engine or an internal combustion engine, that remains in one place while operating (providing power to machinery), and can be easily moved from one work site to another. Mounted on wheels or sometimes skids, it is required to be towed between work sites.Historic - Industrial Portable Compound Engine - steam engine - Marshall & Son's. Marshall & Son's Portable Compound Engine - Builders Number 48317 made of steel Marshall & Son's. Builders Number 48317puffing billy, state rivers and water supply commission of victoria, portable compound engine - marshall & son's., portable compound engine, marshall sons & co., ltd., robison bros & co. p/l

Six page typed document, signed by Albert Richardson, and a handwritten copy of same. Written on top right of typed document: 'These recommendations all adopted by General Meeting Bendigo and District Tourist Association, 30.11.1967' Document describes the 'Central Nell Gwynne area, situated at West Bendigo, approximately 150 yards north of main Calder Highway to Mildura, local section Marong Road, which is a public purposes reserve under Section 14 of the Land's Act 1958. The steel poppet legs donated by the late Jack Barker to the City Council for preservation be a permanent reminder of the gold mining era and containing the engine beds and 20 head crushing battery foundation, be developed as a mining museum for tourists, educational and historical purposes'bendigo, mining, central nell gwynne

Yields information about the final day of the Bendigo tramways and some of the tramcars used.Three double sided sheets from "The Walkabout" magazine, October 1964, titled "The Road to Bendigo". Five printed pages featuring photographs of Bendigo, its buildings, its history stories, gold mining days and other information, including three illustrations containing trams. .1 - Charing Cross with bogies and single trucker - taken early 1960's. Photo by A. Doney. Features the intersection, with Ezywalkin store. Note the "Jeffrey's bread" roof advertisement on the single trucker. .2 - Bogie tram on the Eaglehawk route prior to any nearby housing development - reclaimed mining land - has Castrol roof advertisement - photo by Claver P Carroll. .3 - No. 6 outside The Beehive stores - 3BO - photo by Claver P Carroll. bendigo, eaglehawk, charing cross

Collection of documents related to mining : 15 application for a water right licence; 17 notice of application for a tailings licence; explanatory paper companies bill 1936; tribute agreement ( some sections filled in 1954, enclosed South Costerfield Antimony and Gold Mining Company share call notice signed J. Stanistreet Jnr ); 3 applications for a water right licence; 4 application for lease; 2 notice of application for a mining lease; 5 copies of notice of application for a mining lease ( copied); 8 copies of inclusion of private land in a mining lease; 2 copies of application for consent to the registration of a new company; 21 copies of requirements in connexion with an application for a mining lease, a water right licence, or a licence to treat tailings.bendigo, mining, mccoll, rankin & stanistreet

black and white photograph: St, Mungo and Devonshire Group of Mines, looking south, California Gully Primary School in the background. Mng 25 ( black pen ) also in black ball point pen ' The St. Mungo and Devonshire group of Mines, Eaglehawk, looking south 1888. Foreground left - cab, windlass, whip and whim. Left to right, Old St. Mungo, Sadova, Background, The Deveonshire mines . At rear, Califronia Gully State School. View from Snob's Hill, in foreground. St. Mungo and Sadowa with the Lady Barkly in the distance, whilst to the right of the Lady Barkly is the joint battery of the South St. Mungo and Lady Barkly Companies, then follows the South St. Mungo mine, The Uinicorn, and the Phoenix, and in the background, the Devonshire Group ( as identified by J. Lerk in Bendigo's Gold Mining History 1851 - 1954 )organization, business, st. mungo and devonshire mines

Yields information about the appearance of Sturt St following the introduction of electric trams in 1905 and has a strong association with the work of Sovereign Hill and Rose Stereograph Co.Postcard reproduction - sepia coloured - of an ESCo tram near the intersection of Doveton St. and Sturt St. travelling west along the south side of Sturt Street. Photo appears to be taken soon after opening of the electric trams, as the tramway is well paved compared to the rest of the street which shows vehicle tracks etc. Small horse drawn vehicle crossing in front of the photograph. Shows buildings along the north side of Sturt St. and the building at the SE corner of Doveton St. ESCo tram has destination board on the front dash of the tram. See Reg Item 834 for a black and white view. Card reproduced for Sovereign Hill Gold Mining Township by Rose Stereograph Co. of Glen Waverley c2000. Divided back type with caption, production and the Rose Co. symbol on the rear.trams, tramways, sturt st, ballarat, esco, rose postcards

Agfa Colour slide, cardboard mount, by Keith Caldwell dated 12 March 1960, of W5 818 running in Mount Alexander Road, North Essendon, crossing the street access for Marco Polo Street. The tram showing route 59, Essendon Aerodrome, has trolley wheels and has a second person in the cab, possibly a trainer. Unusually the tram number is placed above the headlight, In the background are the palm trees in the centre median plantation. The house with the red guttering is one that dates back to the gold mining era. See http://www.esshissoc.org.au/1070%20Mount%20Alexander%20Road.pdf It was relocated to Woodland Park during 2017? Note the Centre poles, overhead construction and street light. Also in the background is a Mobil Service station that later became a garden centre. Now a block of apartments.hand stamped "12 Mar '60"trams, tramways, mount alexander rd, north essendon, essendon airport, essendon aerodrome, route 59, w5 class, tram 818

The Bendigo School of Mines was opened in 1873 to meet the scientific and technical needs of the mining industry on the local gold fields. Mining, chemistry, geology, metallurgy and art were taught. In c.1907 a Junior Technical School commenced to operate at the School of Mines and Industry. This was to enable boys who had completed primary school the opportunity to continue their education and learn skills to assist them in their future. In c.1961 the Junior Technical School ceased to operate with that function being transferred to the White Hills and Kangaroo Flat technical schools.Red/brown soft covered booklet.A.W Steane written on front coverbendigo junior technical school, prospectus, w.h walter, j.r.v anderson, a.w. steane, w.s. lake, k.c. abbott, mr grant, mathematics and science, woodwork and sheet metal, art, principal, bendigo

The Bendigo School of Mines was opened in 1873 to meet the scientific and technical needs of the mining industry on the local gold fields. Mining, chemistry, geology, metallurgy and art were taught. In c.1907 a Junior Technical School commenced to operate at the School of Mines and Industry. This was to enable boys who had completed primary school the opportunity to continue their education and learn skills to assist them in their future. In c.1961 the Junior Technical School ceased to operate with that function being transferred to the White Hills and Kangaroo Flat technical schools.Grey soft covered booklet with green printing. The prospectus outlines preparatory courses in Trade, Art and Science. Photographs include Physical Culture, Geometrical Development, Science Laboratory, Design, Sheetmetal, Woodwork and Modelling.Handwritten on front Cover A.W. Steanebendigo junior technical school, prospectus, head master, a e tutton, mathematics and science master, j a donald, woodwork and sheet matal, h f day, crafts master, k c abbott

Frances Gertrude Gladstone was born on the 18th of September 1919 to Arthur George Ladson and Gertrude Hunrick Irving. France's grandfather, Alfred Ladson, came Beechworth from Norfolk, England, during the gold rush. Alfred had a grocery business, and was well known for writing letters for the miners to send to their families. Alfred also travelled to Beechworth with his sister, who was a trained nurse and helped establish a hospital for the goldfields. Frances remembers her father saying the Chinese miners were not allowed to bring their families to the goldfields, hence there were no Chinese children in schools around Beechworth. Frances was an avid botanist, and wrote a book called 'The Little Huntsman', which she wrote while watching her husband gold mining. This oral history recording was part of a project conducted by Jennifer Williams in the year 2000 to capture the everyday life and struggles in Beechworth during the twentieth century. This project involved recording seventy oral histories on cassette tapes of local Beechworth residents which were then published in a book titled: Listen to what they say: voices of twentieth century Beechworth. These cassette tapes were digitised in July 2021 with funds made available by the Friends of the Burke.Frances Gladstone's story is significant, as she remembered important information about Chinese miners in the gold rush, explained the role of women in the 20th century in Beechworth, and the history of the hospitals in the region. This is a digital copy of a recording that was originally captured on a cassette tape. The cassette tape is black with a horizontal white strip and is currently stored in a clear flat plastic rectangular container. It holds up 40 minutes of recordings on each side.listen to what they say, beechworth, oral history, burke museum, botanist, chinese miners, goldmining, gladstone

Copy of black and white photograph, South Bendigo Bowling Club 1906. Men on bowling green, dressed in white trousers, dark blazers, straw bowler hats. The spire on LH side is the Congregational church, later a school in Olinda Street, Quarry Hill. Poppet head in background, RH side, is the Cosmopolitan and Summer Hill United Gold Mining company ( registered) on 2nd September 1870. Brick chimney on extreme RH side of photo. Mine not in image, but close by was the Palmerston. The mine was on the Sophia Reef, Manager George Wilsn Froggatt. Shareholders 1870: Robert Taylor, Ellen Taylor, Henry Hattam, Michael Cock, Robert Carr, William H. Casey, John McCrae, Joseph Millin, William Moran, Morton Hansen, George W. Froggatt, John A. Woodward, Robert Moorhead, William Nicholls.bendigo, mining, cosmopolitan anfd summer hil united

Documents: Whitelaw Central Red White and Blue Mine Bendigo. 28 pages summary of gold mining correspondence - mortgage mining leases 943689340, contract of sale to Central Blue Gum GM 1933, leases with mining rights, treatment of pyrites agreement 1917 - J. Edwards & Co, Helen Streader - release of liability after being paid (pounds)125 by mine due to accidental death of husband 1912. Another for Ellen Lane 1916, list of titles held by Co , lease agreements Filcock and Manning, Andrew Harkness 'winding plant at mine' 1923, notice to perform agreement to Manning's 1916, Edwards Metallurgical Works 1917, map for 9777 Bendigo, contract for explosives with Dalgety & Co 1917, new scrip for lost shares 1917, Miner's Right 1911, sale of land Ra. A. Rankin 1910.MCCOLL RANKIN AND STANISTREETorganization, mining, central red white and blue, mccoll rankin and stanistreet.

Two page document titled ' Report on lease blocks Nos. 5360 and 5361 Garden Gully line of reef, Bendigo. Produced by the Department of Mines 1899. The area described is about 'one mile and a quarter southeast from the centre of the city of Bendigo, immediately south of the Great Southern Gold Mining Company's workings and is intersected by two auriferous gullies ... Salomon's Gully and Derwenter's Gully'. The alluvial deposits, the Garden Gully line, the Great Souther Co.and old workings are discussed in the paper. A map of the Garden Gully line of reef is attached to the report, showing claimholders and mine names along that section of the reef. Mines named on the map: Great Southern Garden Gully United Ulster Londonderry Burrows Horwoods Sea Amalgamated Garden Gully United Victory and Pandora Unity Carlisle and Garden Gully and Passbye United Cornish United Koch's PioneerJames Stirling, Government Geologistbendigo, mining, garden gully line of reef mines

McColl Rankin & Stanistreet, New Star Gold Mine Harrietville NL. a/ Agreement to purchase the mining operations and land at Black Snake Creek, Dargo, Mining District of Gippsland. For Mining Leases numbers 5187 & 5195, 31 acres. The purchaser Company is to be called Kong Meng Gold Reefs NL. Dated: 16/2/1935. Signed: J A Michelsen?, C Kingsley?, J Stanistreet, E R Grelis & ??? Inscriptions: Signed sealed and delivered by the said Ronald Alexander Rankin in the presence of E R Grelis. b/ Leasehold. Transfer of Land situated in the Parish of Dargo County of Dargo Mining District of Gippsland from New Star Gold Mine Harrietville NL to Kong Meng Gold Reefs NL. Dated: 12/3/1935. Signed: G ??, Geo ??, Stanistreet, G ??, Jamie Jeps ? Markings: pencil line through Gold Mining Lease No. 5187 change to a Leasehold Estate, line through January to be changed to March. c/ Indenture (copy of b/ with adjustments made) New Star Gold Mine Harrietville NL with Kong Meng Gold Reefs NL. Dated 13/3/1935. Signed: G ??, Geo ??, Stanistreet, G ??, Jamie Jeps ?, Stanistreet. d/ Carbon copy of a/. Signed: J A Michelsen?, C Kingsley?, J Stanistreet, E R Grelis & ??? Inscriptions: Signed sealed and delivered by the said Ronald Alexander Rankin in the presence of E R Grelis, J Stanistreet. e/ Indenture, agreement between New Star Gold Mining Harriet NL and Kong Meng Gold Reefs NL, was on the 9/3/1935 registered and Incorporated under the Companies act 1928 Part 2. Signed: E R Grelis, J Stanistreet, G ??, Geo ??, Stanistreet, G M?, Stanistreet. Dated: 12/3/1935.organization, business, gold mine, mccoll rankin & stanistreet new star gold mine harrietville nl black snake creek parish of dargo county of dargo mining district of gippsland mining leases numbers 5187 & 5195 kong meng gold reefs nl 1935

Nillumbik Now and Then takes the reader on a journey from when the Aboriginal people were this area's sole inhabitnats, to the present day. Nillumbik's history - told in this collection of 96 stories, which are nearly all based on sites - mirrors those of the wider Australian community. It includes tales of the Wurundjeri people, a former convict, farmers, a bushranger, gold-mining, soldiers, artists, intellectuals, environmentalists and sportspeople. Each story is illustrated with a photograph. As a journalist with the former Diamond Valley News, Marguerite Marshall wrote a series of articles on local places of historic interest, later published as the small book "Eltham Shire - Historic Buildings and Places". Many years later an expanded version was published under the title "Nillumbik Now and Then". This is a much larger version of "Nillumbik Now and Then", including significant rewriting and many additional articles. The new publication was made possible by financial support from the Victorian Public Records Office, Bendigo Bank and Nillumbik Shire Council. EDHS and other historical societies in Nillumbik assisted with content for many of the stories. The book was launched at the Eltham Library on Wednesday 19th November 2008. Source: EDHS Newsletter No 183, November 2009 The front cover art depicts The former house of naturalist and artist Neil Douglas at Bend of Islands, photographer Marguerite Marshall. This collection of almost 130 photos and stories about places and people within the Shire of Nillumbik, an urban and rural municipality in Melbourne's north, contributes to an understanding of the history of the Shire. Published in 2008 immediately prior to the Black Saturday bushfires of February 7 2009, it documents sites that were impacted, and in some cases destroyed by the fires. It includes photographs taken especially for the publication, creating a unique time capsule representing the Shire in the early 21st century. It remains the most recent comprehenesive publication devoted to the Shire's history connecting local residents to the past. Paperback; x, 198 p. : ill., ports. ; 30 cm.Signed by the authornillumbik shire, houses, buildings, weller's hotel, landmarks, bend of islands

Bishops Palace was built in 1877 as the home for the first Catholic Bishop of Ballarat. Designed by Melbourne architect, Joseph Reed, of Reed and Barnes, it was built by George Broom at a cost of £6,000. Reed and Barnes also designed Melbourne’s State Library, Ripponlea Estate and the Melbourne Royal Exhibition Building. The original heritage-listed gold lead stencilled paintwork that can be seen in the front entry and on the staircase walls at Bishops Palace was replicated in the Royal Exhibition Building. The original property was 140 squares set on 11 acres of gardens and took up an entire block of Sturt Street. This was on scale with the importance of Ballarat as a gold-mining centre at the time. Bishop's Palace is of architectural, aesthetic and historical significance to the State of Victoria. The two-storey bluestone mansion is an impressive example of 19th-century Gothic architecture with an unusual design. It retains many of its original features, including lead stencilled paintwork, cornices, ceiling roses, fixtures and fittings. Since sold by the Catholic Church the Bishops Palace has undergone a number of transformations in its lifetime, from the home of the first Bishop to a private residence, and today, as a luxurious accommodation, wedding and events venue. The grounds were subdivided over the years, and the property is now surrounded by four of the original 11 acres of gardens. It opened its doors to the public in 2019.Colour image of the bluestone Bishop's Palace, and it's cast iron lace.architecture, garden, bishop's palace, cast iron lace, cast iron, catholic church

This dress was made for and belonged to Mrs Elizabeth McLachlan (nee Duncan, 1820-1904), wife of Reverend John Hamilton McLachlan (1813-1908), who was the first Minister of St Cuthbert's Presbyterian Church in Brighton. Elizabeth and John were married at the Free Church of Ayr at Lindsaystonn in the Parish of Kirkmickach, Ayrshire, Scotland on 15 October 1849. At this time his occupation was listed as "Minister of Presbyterian Church" and hers as "Governess". They left for Australia on the 1 November 1849 and arrived in Australia 6 months later. Apparently John's hair turned snow white during the journey due to his seasickness! The McLachlans first went to Geelong upon their arrival in 1850, then to the Western District, then Brighton, then Talbot at the height of the gold mining era. The couple had seven children: John Campbell Duncan McLachlan (b. Geelong, October 1850), Mary McLachlan (b. Geelong, November 1851), Agnes McLachlan (b. Hopkins River near Wickliff, May 1853), twins Elizabeth and Walter McLachlan (b. June 1854), Elizabeth McLachlan (b. Hesham, June 1855), Margaret McLachlan (b. Brighton, 1857). Elizabeth died in 1904. She and John are both buried in Amherst Cemetery. The dress was donated by one of her granddaughters. This circa 1849 silk blue grey window pane check dress features a high round neck and pleats on either shoulder extending over the natural shoulder line. The dress shows evidence of nine ornamental buttons down the centre front with only four blue silk buttons currently still attached. The dress fastens with thirteen concealed hook and eye closures to the waist. The Pagoda sleeves inset into the bodice in a small high armhole flaring out and finishing just below the elbow. A pale blue silk ribbon with a diagonal drawn stitch design decorates the front of the sleeve in a simple geometric design. The Pagoda sleeve is lined in a matching pale blue silk. The full skirt is pleated into the waistband and finishes just above the floor at the front. At the back the bodice features a squared off design to the princess panels shaping the dress into the body. The skirt is heavily pleated at the centre back into the waistline and finishes slightly longer at the back than the front. The skirt features two very small pockets on either side of the dress, just inside the hips. reverend john hamilton mclachlan, st cuthberts presbyterian church brighton, elizabeth mclachlan, amherst cemetery, 1840s fashion, brighton

'Hell Below'. The romance of gold - fictional story of mining at Bendigo, told from the viewpoint of a man who worked below. Reference to known mines and locations in Bendigo.W Snowdenbendigo, mining, conditions at the time.

This photograph was taken in approximately 1870 and depicts four male miners standing in mining sluice at the Three Mile Goldfields. These men are wearing typical attire for 1870s gold miners. They wear white shirts, tan coloured pants with water proof shoes and most of the men are wearing an apron to prevent their clothing from becoming too dirty from the mud. Each man is wearing a wide brim hat and hold large wooden tools used for sorting through the sluice. Three of the four men have full beards. The photograph was donated to the Burke Museum by R. Ziegenbein before 2001 but the photographer and the individuals captured in the photo are unknown. The image depicts the landscape of the Three Mile Goldfields during a period when open cut sluicing was undertaken to reach gold. Open cut sluicing is a method used to extract gold and other precious metals from beneath the surface of the earth. This technique involved the use of high-powered hoses which broke down the soil enabling miners to come along and search this soil for gold. After the gold rush of the early 1850s, diggers had to enlist the assistance of heavy machinery and techniques like hydraulic sluicing in order to reach gold because the surface alluvial gold had already been discovered and removed. This heavy machinery was not used until after 1853. The Three Mile Goldfields was a site of rich alluvial gold deposits located about 5 km south of Beechworth in Victoria. Today, the location of this gold deposit is called Baarmutha. It was a popular area for gold mining in the 1850s but became largely abandoned by the following decade. In 1865, a man named John Pund recognized that the area could be potentially rich if a better water supply could be obtained. He secured a 15 year license with three other miners. Within the next five years, these men had constructed 19 km of water race going from Upper Nine Mile Creek to Three Mile Creek. By 1881, these four men had delivered 950,000 gallons to the Three Mile Sluicing area which is depicted in this photograph. Pund was later go into partnership with John Alston Wallace who would become owner of the Star Hotel in Beechworth. The Three Mile sluicing location continued to be operational until 1950. Sluice box workers were a vital part of gold mining regardless of how inefficient they were in the recovery of gold. After using hydraulic sluicing to cut away the earth, miners would use the big wooden boxes depicted in the image to catch the earth which would then be sifted for gold. However, accidents would occur often which would result in the gold washing away and unable to be recovered. It was not a very efficient system because the gold, which was alluvial and thus very fine, would often pass through the sluice box undetected.The search for gold is ingrained into the history of Victoria and therefore, images like this one which portray an open cut sluicing site can reveal important information for society and technology for the date when the photograph was taken. This image is of important historical significance for its ability to convey information about sluicing and the methods used to find gold in the late 1800s and early 1900s. It also shows a location where sluicing was undertook which provides insight into the impact of sluicing on the environment at a time when it was done. Images, like this one, of Australian gold rush history can reveal important information about the social and environmental impact of this period. This image depicts diggers standing in a mining location and therefore, this image has the capacity to reveal or support significant information for researchers studying the fashion and social status of diggers in Australia in approximately 1870. It can also provide information on the landscape of Australia in this period and the impact of mining for gold on both society and the Australian landscape. The Burke Museum is home to a substantial collection of Australian mining photographs which can be used to gain a deeper understanding into life on the gold fields, technology used in mining, the miners themselves and the impact of the gold digging on the environment.Sepia toned rectangular photograph printed on matte photographic paper and mounted on board.[illegible] about 1870 / 97 2514.1 / 2594 30three mile goldfields, goldfields, 1870, 1870 gold, australia, australian landscape, miners, gold miners, diggers, gold diggers, beechworth, victoria, sluice box workers, sluicing, sluice, mining

Gold was discovered on Victoria Hill in 1854 and by 1861, 1,200,000 ounces of gold had been extracted from the site. The first claim was bought for 80 pounds by Prussian immigrant Christopher Ballerstedt and his son Theodore. Christopher Ballerstedt was nicknamed the "Father of the Hill" and was the first to prove that gold reefs extended below the surface. His 200-foot plus mine shafts yielded quartz rich with gold, inspired other miners, and were instrumental in Bendigo becoming the world's deepest and richest goldfield. The site still features relics of nineteenth century mining including quartz crushing machinery and the foundations of George Lansell’s 180 mine. These features are characteristic of Bendigo’s mining history and represent two prominent nineteenth century miners, Christopher Ballerstedt and George Lansell, who held important roles in the development of Bendigo. Victoria Hill Quartz Gold Mines are registered as a site of significance. The site is of historical, archaeological and scientific importance to Victoria. The mines represent the symbolic heart of Bendigo’s gold mining history and the importance that mining played in wealth creation and the development of Victoria. The diggings reserve is accessed from the rear of Albert Richardson Reserve located at 40-56 Marong Road, Ironbark. The site has steep and unformed paths and is closed to the public at dusk. It is important to stay to the paths to avoid the diggings. Interpretive signs help visitors to appreciate the importance of the site and the remaining relics of Bendigo’s mining history.Victoria Hill Ironbark, Bendigo. Photos of the poppet head, sand heap, tailings, shafts and tunnels. Before development into a tourist attraction.history, bendigo, victoria hill, ironbark, diggings

Joan O'Shea Collection. Victoria Hill Bendigo Gold Mining on the Richest Quartz Reef in Bendigo, from 1854 to 1916. Colour and Black and White Booklet 16 Pages. Includes Maps of the Victoria Hill Area, photographs of the remains of a twenty head crushing battery, burnt ground from quartz roasting, The Victoria Quartz Mine Photograph from Australian Mining Standard June 1899, The compressor beds and concrete foundations for the poppet legs all that remain today of the Victoria Quartz Mine deepest mine on Bendigo Goldfield 4613 feet or 1406.04 metres. Also included photograph of the view of Victoria Hill from The New Chum Hill in the 1870s. The Location of the 3 mines Ballerstedt's open cut, North Old Chum and Lansell's 180 are marked. A depiction of Rae's Open Cut gives an understanding of the primitive nature of early workings on the Goldfields. The Booklet also provides a brief history of Victoria Hill itself.Bendigo Trust Publication March 1972. Printed in Bendigo Cambridge Press.bendigo, mining, victoria hill

Twenty page Mayor's Report, Borough of Eaglehawk, 1986-1987. Yellow cover, brown text, centre front sepia image of the Town Hall, Eaglehawk. Inside front cover, letter attached from Borough Of Eaglehawk to the Secretary of Bendigo Mining Corp., Victoria Street, Eaglehawk: attention is drawn 'to page 14 of the Report which covers the resurgence of gold mining activity in the Borough' Page 14 describes Western Mining Corporation's prospecting of the 1000 old mines in the Eaglehawk area to discover how much gold is left. 'The first new headframe seen in Central Victoria for 50 years has just been erected at the site of the Wlliams United mine in Eaglehawk' The company is pumping out 10 million litres of water a day to uncover the old workings' The Mayor of 1986-1987 Cr W. Carney, first woman Councillor (1977) and first woman Mayor for Eaglehawk ((1986-87).bendigo mining nl, goldfield, goldmining, production, eaglehawk borough, mayor of eaglehawk, cr. carney, williams united

6 page document ' Gold Mining Lease Crown land Number 11307 Bendigo' plus map. Indenture document between Queen Elizabeth 11 and North Deborah Mining Company No Liability, Parish of Sandhurst, dated 20th November, 1952 re Vol 333, Folio 053. Land indicated by yellow on map and below ' a depth of one hundred and fifty feet from the surface of the land indicated by purple colour and delineated on the plan' Document signed by J. Stanistreet, Manager, North Deborah Mining Company No Liability. Map, fixed to document, heading ' Mining District of Bendigo, No. 11307, County of Bendigo, Parish of Sandhurst, Total area 13 acres 2 roods, 11 perches. Map shows large dam on Crown land, transmission line excised 150 ft., written on purple area. Underneath map ' provided that the dam indicated on the said plan is hereby reserved'.bendigo, mining, north deborah mining company

This book came into our collection via a donation to the Book Barn, which operates as a second-hand book shop. The donor is unknown.This book was published in 1887, a time of consolidation of wealth after the initial gold rushes in Ballarat in the 1850s. Its full title is 'History of Ballarat from the First Pastoral Settlement to the Present Time.' By William Bramwell Withers, Journalist. Second Edition with Plans, Ilustrations and Original Documents. It is an invaluable history of the origins of Ballarat and its mining history, with a chapter devoted to the Eureka Stockade. Book bound in green cloth on hard cover. On cover: Title incised in black on gold: HISTORY/OF/BALLARAT In gold: REVISED EDITION In black:By/W.B.Withers/PUBLISHED/BY/F.W.NIVEN &Co/Ballarat. Front cover embossed with gold pictures, one of a spray of wattle, one of a spray of eucalyptus leaves, a picture of a miner standing at a winch, and two panoramas of Ballarat, one in its early days as a gold-mining camp, and one as a built-up city. On spine: In green on gold: HISTORY/OF/BALLARAT : BY W.B.WITHERS 1887 Picture of two miners in a lift cage descending a mine shaft. On back cover: In black, picture of an aborigine looking into the sun, which is either rising or setting. On inside front cover: label pasted in. Inscription in gold: PRESENTED TO/THE/MEMBERS/OF THE/Empire Commerce Congress/BY/BALLARAT'S PIONEER DIGGER,/MR.JAMES ODDIE,1851. Front brown flyleaf partially torn off. ballarat gold rush, w.b.withers, eureka stockade, mining history, early maps of ballarat, mr james oddie, empire commerce congress

Diggers & Mining. The Chinese on the Gold Fields. Slide: Shows 3 Chinese mining for gold. (2) The Chinese were successful diggers, and this evoked jealousy . . . Markings: 16. Used as a teaching aid.hanimounteducation, tertiary, goldfields