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Orbost & District Historical Society
account, February 1st 1921
Robert Pullar Cameron was a Shire Councillor for many years. He married Penuel Hossack and had a family of James, Flora, Penuel and Alex. William Cumming was a prominent Orbost identity. He was born in Ballymena, Northern Ireland, in 1866 the son of William Cumming and Mary Ann Montgomery. He came to Australia, aged 28, and to Orbost in 1890. He farmed at Bete Bolong and during WW1 ran a butcher's shop on his farm. He was a shire councillor and served as a South Riding representative for 38 years. He was a keen Newmerella football supporter, a member of the Orbost Bowling Club as well as a director of the Orbost Butter Factory. Cumming was married to Ellen Louise Mundy and had four children ( Harold, Mary, William and Gordon).This item is an example of a hand-written account for a local early 20th century business in Orbost. It is a useful research tool.A white paper account with blue lines and black ink . It has a pink receipt attached as well as a yellow duty stamp. It is from W. Cumming, butcher, to R.P. Cameron.cameron-robert-pullar cumming-william-butcher -
Warrnambool and District Historical Society Inc.
Hat, School W'bool High School, Early 1930s
This is a Warrnambool High School cap from the 1930s. Warrnambool High School was established in 1907 with a farm site in Merrivale and it was also in several sites in the main town area, with the longest occupancy in Hyland Street. In 1961 the school moved to its present location in Albert Park (Grafton Road). The High School amalgamated with Warrnambool North Technical School in 1995 to form Warrnambool College. Malcolm Goodall, the owner of the cap, was born in 1917 and died in 2010. He lived in Coulstock Street and he worked in the tinning department of Nestles. The Goodall family has been in the Warrnambool area since the mid 1850s including being at the farm, ‘Wanstead’ in East Warrnambool and at Framlingham in the 19th century where William Goodall was the manager of the aboriginal settlement. This cap is of interest as an example of the boys’ uniform at Warrnambool High School in the 1930s and as a memento of Malcolm Goodall. His ancestors were pioneers in the Warrnambool district.This is a boy’s cap made of dark green cloth with octagonal sections and a cloth button on top. The peak is edged with navy and cream cord. The centre front of the cap has a school badge with the school initials and motto. The inside of the cap is lined with black cloth with a cream centre and has the cap seller’s business details and the name of the owner of the cap. Some of the printed material here is indecipherable. The stitching is worn in some places. W.H.S. Sine Labore V. Becker Boys Shop & Hosiery Parlour Warrnambool Name: M. Goodall warrnambool high school, goodall family, history of warrnambool -
Warrnambool and District Historical Society Inc.
Booklet, Tarrone, 1983
A brief outline of the history of the Tarrone estateThis is a booklet of 20 pages. It has a buff-coloured cover with two black and white photographs and red print. The pages contain black and white photographs, printed text, maps and illustrations. The booklet is stapled non-fictionA brief outline of the history of the Tarrone estatesoldier settlements post world war two, tarrone estate -
Marysville & District Historical Society
Book, Nevil Shute, On The Beach, 1958
After World War III, Australia is the only remaining haven for mankind. However, wind currents carrying lingering radiation all but condemn those on the continent to the same fate suffered by the rest of the world. When the survivors receive a strange signal from San Diego, Cmdr. Dwight Towers must undertake a mission with Lt. Peter Holmes to see if there is hope for humanity -- leaving behind Moira and Mary, the women they love.Dust cover is a painted illustration of the characters from the book.fictionAfter World War III, Australia is the only remaining haven for mankind. However, wind currents carrying lingering radiation all but condemn those on the continent to the same fate suffered by the rest of the world. When the survivors receive a strange signal from San Diego, Cmdr. Dwight Towers must undertake a mission with Lt. Peter Holmes to see if there is hope for humanity -- leaving behind Moira and Mary, the women they love.science fiction, end of the world, australia -
Bendigo Military Museum
Book - BOOK, AUTOBIOGRAPHY, Bradley A Chalmers, Next to Impossible, 2015
Biography. Next To Impossible - The remarkable life of Albert Chalmers Borella VC. Bushman, farm hand, artist, metropolitan fireman, decorated soldier, soldier settler, POW Commandant. At ease in the company of the King or the common man, Albert Chalmers Borella VC did it all. This is his remarkable story. Hard cardboard cover, black print over mid green background on front, spine & back. Sepia portrait photo on front. Colour portrait photo & colour photo of service medals on back. End pages illustrated in black & white battle maps. 510 pages, cut plain paper, illustrated with black & white photos & maps. books - biography/military, vc -
Orbost & District Historical Society
newspapers, February 1971
The 1971 floods at Orbost were the worst on record. At Jarrahmond the river rose to a height of 11 metres and on the flats spread to one and a half kilometres wide. Considerable damage was done to railway infrastructure, roads and farms. More information from the APRIL, 2008 newsletter by John Phillips. (see orbosthistory.com.au)These newspapers are contemporary records of a significant local event.Four newspapers and a set of clippings from various papers. They contain information and photographs pertaining to the 1971 floods in Orbost. 2557.1 is a Sun News Pictorial dated 8.2.1971. 2557.2 is a Snowy River Mail dated 10.2.1971. 2557.3 is an east Gippsland News dated 12.2.1971. 2557.4 is a Snowy River mail dated 12.2.1971 and 2557.5 is a collection of various clippings.floods-orbost-1971 newspaper snowy-river-mail sun-news-pictorial -
Churchill Island Heritage Farm
Photograph - Photograph of people running up the shoreline
Churchill Island Heritage Farm has a large photographic collection dating from the nineteenth century. This photograph was taken in 1998 as part of the bicentennial celebrations held to commemorate the arrival of George Bass and his ship 'Tom Thumb' to Westernport. It shows a 're-enactment' of his landing on Churchill Island.Photograph of a group of people running up the shoreline in a blend of contemporary and historical clothes. They are led by a man waving a large Union Jack flag.Catalogue number written on reverse in pencil.churchill island, photograph, george bass, reenactment, tom thumb, bicentennial -
Churchill Island Heritage Farm
Photograph - Photograph of three men and a cannon
Churchill Island Heritage Farm has a large photographic collection dating from the nineteenth century. This series showcases photographs taken in the 1930s and 1940s and shows people who lived and worked on the Island during the Jenkins period. This photograph shows Mal McCartney, Guy Evans, and Gid Ashley.Sepia photograph white narrow white border of a group of three men standing and sitting on the cannon in front of the Norfolk Pine on Churchill Island. Digitised from a high resolution copy (original Polaroid is in poor and fragile condition)nilchurchill island, photograph, arthur evans, mal mccartney, guy evans, gid ashley -
Churchill Island Heritage Farm
Photograph - Photograph of man feeding animals
Churchill Island Heritage Farm has a large photographic collection dating from the nineteenth century. This series showcases photographs taken in the 1930s and 1940s and shows people who lived and worked on the Island during the Jenkins period. This photograph shows Gid Ashley and the animals that lived on Churchill Island.Black and white photograph with a white border of a man standing and feeding a flock of chickens and a small pig in front of a tall white fence, with a tank in the background. The photographer's shadow is visible in the centre of the frame Digitised from a high resolution copy (original Polaroid is in poor and fragile condition)nilchurchill island, photograph, arthur evans, gid ashley -
Churchill Island Heritage Farm
Photograph - Photograph of man and pony
Churchill Island Heritage Farm has a large photographic collection dating from the nineteenth century. This series showcases photographs taken in the 1930s and 1940s and shows people who lived and worked on the Island during the Jenkins period. This photograph shows Ted Jenkins and Churchill Island pony Winks.Black and white photograph with a white border of a man seated in a wheelchair with a blanket over his legs, and a small pony standing beside him. Digitised from a high resolution copy (original Polaroid is in poor and fragile condition)nilchurchill island, photograph, arthur evans, ted jenkins -
Churchill Island Heritage Farm
Film - Videotape of Arthur Evans who visited Churchill Island, Arthur Evans Video
Churchill Island Heritage Farm has a large photographic collection dating from the nineteenth century. This series showcases photographs taken in the 1930s and 1940s and shows people who lived and worked on the Island during the Jenkins period. This video by Arthur Evans covers the period from the 1930s to the 1990s.Video tape of visits by Arthur Evans to Churchill Island -
Tatura Irrigation & Wartime Camps Museum
Photograph
Photos from Superintendent Hannan's album. Presbyterian Training Boys Farm.|Dhurringile Mansion.|Photo 2- Charles Brown top left and right.|Photo 3- Charles Brown top left and right.|Photo 4-Tom Been right.|Douglas McHugh left.|5 Photos.photograph, people -
Bacchus Marsh & District Historical Society
Photograph, Cottage Bacchus Marsh 1883
The precise location of this house and the identity of the two people in the picture has not been established. It is possible it is a house within the township area of Bacchus Marsh. The image only includes the house and the garden area and does not depict any surrounding farm land or farmyard buildings indicating a probable township location.Small sepia unframed photograph on card with gold border framing photograph. Housed in the album, 'Photographs of Bacchus Marsh and District in 1883 by Stevenson and McNicoll'. The image depicts a house with a man and a woman standing in front of it. The house has a well-established creeper present across much of the front of the house indicating it had been occupied for some time when this photograph was taken.On the front: Stevenson & McNicoll. Photo. 108 Elizabeth St. Melbourne. COPIES CAN BE OBTAINED AT ANY TIME. On the back: LIGHT & TRUTH inscribed on a banner surmounted by a representation of the rising sun. Copies of this Portrait can be had at any time by sending the Name and Post Office Money Order or Stamps for the amount of order to STEVENSON & McNICOLL LATE BENSON & STEVENSON, Photographers. 108 Elizabeth Street, MELBOURNE stevenson and mcnicoll 1883 photographs of bacchus marsh and district, houses bacchus marsh -
City of Kingston
Photograph - Black and white, 17 January 1951
Moorabbin, Cheltenham and Highett are suburbs in the City of Kingston with a diverse mix of development and zoning. This 1954 image shows the market gardens, farms and paddocks of the Moorabbin and Cheltenham area. which have gradually been sub-divided into The Highett Gas Works is visible and Cheltenham Park and Victoria Golf Club.The suburbs of Cheltenham and Moorabbin were originally developed with extensive market gardens. Over time the district has been transformed with the farms and paddocks replaced by housing, factories and shopping centres. The Highett Gas Works on the Nepean Highway was a significant feature of the landscape and has now been demolished. and the site has undergone remediation.Aerial photograph of Cheltenham, Moorabbin and Highett within the City of Kingston. The area depicted in this 1951 aerial view includes Wickham Road, Highett (bottom right), Keys Road, Moorabbin (bottom left), Centre Dandenong Road Cheltenham (top left), Park Road, Cheltenham (top right), Nepean Highway (left section), Graham Road and Middleton Street, Highett (bottom right). Cheltenham Park and Victoria Golf Club are visible. Nepean Highway and the Frankston railway line run centrally through the image.White type: 1416-37 538 RUN239 LENS 5312" MELBOURNE METROPOLITAN 12150 17-1-51 ↆ M539 Black pencil: N [arrow]cheltenham, highett, highett gas works, market gardens -
Melbourne Royal
Photograph, Double Take
This photograph shows a young boy hand-milking a cow in the Animal Nursery at the Royal Melbourne Show, unknown year. From the early 1990s, the Animal Nursery introduced programs where visitors could see more farm experiences, such as milking cows, sheering sheep, and an ewe birthing centre.Black and white photograph, landscape, printed on glossy paper.[annotations on reverse] Pg 27 67% / W.F.08 1.55 / 3 / DOUBLE TAKE / 18 CARLYLE ST. ASHWOOD / VICTORIA, 3147. 25 7635 / 0 1192-C29 / P. 11/ 33% /children, kids at show, farm experiences, cow, dairy cow, milking, animal nursery -
The Beechworth Burke Museum
Audio - Oral History, Jennifer Williams, Mrs Val Mason, 5 January 2001
Mrs. Valerie (Val) Mason (1927-2019) was a local sheep farmer, business-woman, Beechworth shire councillor, and mother to five children. With her husband, Charles, Mrs. Mason developed and managed the Big Valley farm estate, at Everton, which is now part of a vineyard and farm stay. Mrs. Mason was instrumental in introducing a 'paddock to plate' philosophy and business model, opening a butcher shop on the farm in 1973. Concerned with improving infrastructure and developing economic opportunities in the region, Mrs. Mason successfully stood as a local council representative for South Riding in the United Shire of Beechworth, and later become the first woman Shire President in 1979. Mrs Mason was a member of the local Business and Professional Women's Club for 37 years. This oral history recording was part of a project conducted by Jennifer Williams in the year 2000 to capture the everyday life and struggles in Beechworth during the twentieth century. This project involved recording seventy oral histories on cassette tapes of local Beechworth residents which were then published in a book titled: 'Listen to what they say: voices of twentieth century Beechworth. These cassette tapes were digitised in July 2021 with funds made available by the Friends of the Burke.Mrs. Mason's story is historically significant for understanding economic and social changes in the Beechworth region during the latter half of the twentieth century. As a council representative, issues such as road and infrastructure modernisation and the transition from traditional government employment sectors, like Beechworth's care institutions, were challenges for local government. As a farmer and local employer, Mrs. Mason's story is testimony to the region's economic diversification as businesses like Big Valley farm shop helped shape the region's contemporary character. Mrs. Mason was among the first women to broach the traditionally all-male Beechworth Council Chambers and her story is socially significant for understanding the changing role of women in rural and regional Australia. This oral history recording offers interpretive capacity for social history themes and may be compared with other oral histories in the Burke Museum's collection. This oral history account is socially and historically significant as it is a part of a broader collection of interviews conducted by Jennifer Williams which were published in the book 'Listen to what they say: voices of twentieth-century Beechworth.' While the township of Beechworth is known for its history as a gold rush town, these accounts provide a unique insight into the day-to-day life of the town's residents during the 20th century, many of which will have now been lost if they had not been preserved.This is a digital copy of a recording that was originally captured on a cassette tape. The cassette tape is black with a horizontal white strip and is currently stored in a clear flat plastic rectangular container. It holds up 40 minutes of recordings on each side.Mrs Val Mason /listen to what they say, beechworth, oral history, burke museum, working women, trail blazers, farm to plate, farm shop, paddock to plate, woman farmer, united shire of beechworth, rural and regional women, beechworth's first woman shire president, women in leadership positions, women leaders, australian settlement history, settler societies, victorian gold rush, heritage tourism, culinary tourism, regional land use, indigo winery, farm stay, social history -
National Wool Museum
Photograph - Border Leicesters, J W Allen, 1928-1929
This photograph was found loose in the third of three albums compiled and owned by J W Allen, Secretary of New South Wales Grazier's, and is associated with the New South Wales Graziers Association world tour of sheep 1928-1929. The album contains photographs of travel, sheep, farms, stations, people and landscapes from around the world. Locations include Warren (NSW), Molong (NSW), Gamboola (NSW), Forbes (NSW), Hay (NSW), Conargo (NSW), Mokine (WA), New Zealand, Hawke's Bay, Southland, Lyttleton Harbour, Rotorua, Christchurch, Lincoln, Banks Peninsula, Akaroa, Pigeon Bay, Darfield, Rakahuri, Kaiwara, Highbank, Lake Heron, Mt Somers, Otago, Moa Flat, Waimahaka, Tarras, Moeraki and Blenheim. Properties depicted include Haddonrig, Egelabra, Bundemar, Redbank, Wandary, Tubbo Station, Coonong Station, Boonoke Station, Wanganella Estate, Yoorooga Estate, Taruna Farm, Harpenden Wool Works, Keppoch Estate, Bushey Park, Morven Downs, Meadowbank, Te Apiti and Penrose Farm. The album was found in a clean out at the Great Southern Agricultural Research Institute and donated to the National Wool Museum, along with other related material such as photographs, glass lantern slides and ephemera.Black and white image showing two sheep in a field.Back: [handwritten] Low, Highbank / Border ♀♀ / [printed] 68world tour, sheep, graziers, photograph, border leicester sheep -
Churchill Island Heritage Farm
Photograph - Photograph of standing woman
Churchill Island Heritage Farm has a large collection of photographs dating from the nineteenth century. The woman in this photograph is Sally O'Neill. The Special Projects officer for Phillip Island Nature Parks, Sally stands in front of the new interpretive exhibitions at the newly opened Churchill Island Visitor Centre in 2001.Photograph of a woman standing in front of a Visitors' Centre display for Dr Harry Jenkinscatalogue number written on reverse in pencilchurchill island, photograph, sally o'neill -
Churchill Island Heritage Farm
Photograph - Photograph of Ted Jenkins and Valda Treadwell
Churchill Island Heritage Farm has a large photographic collection dating from the nineteenth century. This series showcases photographs taken in the 1930s and 1940s and shows people who lived and worked on the Island during the Jenkins period. This photograph is of Valda Treadwell and the son of the owner of Churchill Island, Ted JenkinsSepia photograph white narrow white border of two people in front of Rogers Cottage. The woman wears a cardigan and stands behind the man who is in a wheelchair with a blanket over his legs. Digitised from a high resolution copy (original Polaroid is in poor and fragile condition)nilchurchill island, photograph, arthur evans, ted jenkins, valda treadwell -
Churchill Island Heritage Farm
Photograph - Photograph of two people
Churchill Island Heritage Farm has a large photographic collection dating from the nineteenth century. This series showcases photographs taken in the 1930s and 1940s and shows people who lived and worked on the Island during the Jenkins period. This photograph was taken in January 1940 and shows Esther Grant and Valda Treadwell.Sepia photograph white narrow white border of two women sitting and lounging on sun chairs in front of Amess House. Digitised from a high resolution copy (original Polaroid is in poor and fragile condition)nilchurchill island, photograph, arthur evans, esther grant, valda treadwell -
Churchill Island Heritage Farm
Photograph - Photograph of children and a pony
Churchill Island Heritage Farm has a large photographic collection dating from the nineteenth century. This series showcases photographs taken in the 1930s and 1940s and shows people who lived and worked on the Island during the Jenkins period. This photograph was taken in January 1940 and shows the Shetland Pony known as 'Winks'Sepia photograph white narrow white border of a shetland pony hitched to a small cart with three children and a doll. Digitised from a high resolution copy (original Polaroid is in poor and fragile condition)nilchurchill island, photograph, arthur evans -
Churchill Island Heritage Farm
Photograph - Photograph of people and pony
Churchill Island Heritage Farm has a large photographic collection dating from the nineteenth century. This series showcases photographs taken in the 1930s and 1940s and shows people who lived and worked on the Island during the Jenkins period. This photograph provides an insight into the daily activities, and shows people cutting timber.Black and white photograph with white border showing four people gathered by the shoreline, cutting timber with a pony grazing in the foreground. Digitised from a high resolution copy (original Polaroid is in poor and fragile condition)nilchurchill island, photograph, arthur evans -
Tatura Irrigation & Wartime Camps Museum
Photograph, Horse teams constructing Waranga Basin embankment
The driver of the horse team is William Fentham who came out from England with about 10 shillings in his pocket in 1918, just after the war and subsequently established a dairy farm at Stanhope South and became involved, with his team of horses in helping to construct the Waranga Basin about 1920. -
Hume City Civic Collection
Photograph, early 1980s
The series of photographs were taken shortly after the opening of the newly established Goonawarra Golf Club in the early 1980s. The golf club was part of the Goonawarra Housing Estate which was developed on the area previously known as Goonawarra Farm. The new golf club replaced 'The Pines' which was part of the Caloola complex.A coloured photograph of the rear of Goonawarra Golf Club's Clubrooms. Along the wall of a small vestibule are 6 narrow casement windows. A native garden is planted along the building with a large grassy area extending downhill from the building.goona warra golf club, george evans collection -
Ballarat Heritage Services
Photograph, Cleaning Wine Barrells at the Gervasoni Vineyard, Yandoit Creek
Luigi Gervasoni was born in San Gallo, Lombardy, Italy. He arrived in Australia in 1863 and was part of a co=operative to farm and build the old stone house at Yandoit Creek. Eventually moving to his own property he was a vigneron selling his wine in central Victoria and Melbourne, and exporting to Ireland. Black and white photograph of wine barrells being cleaned at Yandoit Creek, Victoriayandoit creek, vineyard, barrell, gervasoni -
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Photograph, Patrick Joseph Davin
Patrick Joseph Davin established the Mitcham Model Dairy in 1926. It operated on two sites on Mitcham Rd. The milk came from farms in Lilydale and Coldstream and was renowned for its richness. In time Jack, Bill and Tim Davin came into the business. the Davin family sold out to Model Dairies in 1956.Black and white photograph of Patrick Joseph Davin in a suit and tie.davin patrick joseph, dairies, dairying -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Photograph - Digital Image, Neville Britton, Geelong tram No.2 at St Aidans, 10-11-2020
Shows Melbourne Electric Supply Co. tram No. 2 after its reconstruction to an operable condition at the Museum's St Aidans Drive terminus on 10-11-2020 following transport from Bendigo where the mechanical work was carried out. The body work was rebuilt from a farm shed in Canberra.Yields information about the appearance of the tram when it was delivered to the Museum. Further work was done to complete the interior.Digital image of Geelong tram No. 2 after its reconstruction and recommissioning at the St Aidans Drive terminus of the Museum's tram line on 10-11-2020geelong, mesco, trams, tramways, geelong no. 2, reconstruction, restoration, wendouree parade, st aidans drive, btm -
Wodonga & District Historical Society Inc
Functional object - Bottle - Schmidt's Strawberry Wine 1976
Schmidt’s Strawberry Farm is set on acres of lush strawberry fields in Allans Flat, approximately 5 kilometres from Yackandandah and 24 kilometres from Wodonga. Schmidt's is the oldest strawberry winery in Australia, owned and operated by brothers Martin and Michael Schmidt who are third generation strawberry growers/winemakers.This item originates from the oldest strawberry winery in AustraliaA bottle of Schmidt's Strawberry Wine from their 1975 harvest. The bottle bears a beige label with brown text. Their is also a sticker on the back of the bottle containing information about the wine.Front Label below a district map: 1975 Harvest/ Schmidt's /(GENUINE)/ Strawberry/ Wine/ Grown & Bottled by / J.F., D. F. & G. SCHMIDT/ ALLANS FLAT, VICTORIA/ PRODUCT OF AUSTRALIA/ .740 LITRES" On sticker across back: "Fermented from fresh strawberries with no artificial flavour or/ preservatives. This strawberry wine has been the house specialty/ of the Schmidt family for many generations - with the advent of/ improved growing techniques, this dessert wine is now introduced/ to the wine lovers of Australia."strawberry wine, schmidt’s strawberry farm, martin and michael schmidt -
Orbost & District Historical Society
poison pot, Smith, R. & E, 1940's
This item was used on P.C. Toby Nixon and Grace Nixon's farm, "Rolling Downs" at Bete Bolong. During WW11 the farm grew carrots, red beet, cabbages, beans and maize. Because of labour shortages the government built a Prisoner of War Camp on Russell's Hill. The manager, Dick Northrope, used three Italian prisoners to frill ring small trees and shrubs between crop harvesting. The introduction of ‘frill ringing’ and poisoning with arsenical tree killers in the 1940's and 1950's helped reduce the amount of labour required and trees on more country were treated. This enabled the hill country at Bete Bolong to become more productive. The dead trees and shrubs were later cleared by Erle Broome's D7 caterpillar bulldozer. This was the first big area of 230 acres to be cleared in the Orbost district. Soon after entering World War 11 Australia was asked by Britain to accept and guard large numbers of 'enemy aliens' and prisoners of war. The British government felt that it could not afford to feed large numbers of prisoners and it was believed that once in Australia the internees would have no chance of escape. Eager to show solidarity with Britain's cause, Australia readily agreed and decided to place the prisoners in a number of different camps scattered around the country and guard them with reservists and soldiers too unfit to serve overseas. There was an internment camp at Bete Bolong, Orbost. This item is an example of an item used by the Italian P.O.W.'s residing there. It is also an example of an agricultural tool not commonly used today.A galvanized iron watering can which has been used to hold poison for ring barking trees (possibly arsenic). It has a narrow spout. There is a handle at the back and a folding handle on the top. The top is conical with an opening for a cork. agriculture prisoner-of-war-camp tree-removal land-clearing -
City of Moorabbin Historical Society (Operating the Box Cottage Museum)
Tool - Gold-miner's Pick, Ballarat c 1920, c1920
This gold miner's pick from the Ballarat Goldfields c 1920 was donated by Mr David Hopcraft, a dealer at the Arkuna Market Berwick, Victoria in December 2010. When Gold was discovered in Victoria c1853 most of the labourers and some landowners left the market gardens and farms to try their luck on the goldfields. Local Blacksmiths made picks similar to this one for them. There was a great shortage of labour in Melbourne and at the same time, due to the huge influx of people lured by the Gold, there was an increased demand for food. The market gardeners were getting very good prices for their produce and many increased their wealth considerably and many of these tenant farmers were able to purchase their blocks of land and live a profitable life. There was such a shortage of labour that J.B.Were applied for Irish immigrants to work the farms. This pick is an example of the hand made tools many pioneers took with them when they abandoned their farms and market gardens in the District of Brighton to try their luck at prospecting when gold was discovered in Ballarat and Bendigo c1853. Some were successful , most were not and retuned again to the hard life of farming. A forged steel pick with a wooden handle. The steel pick-head was hand-forged by a blacksmith. This miner's pick was used on the Ballarat gold-fields c1920gold mining, ballarat, bendigo, early settlers, market gardeners, moorabbin, bentleigh, mining equipment, gold rush, immigrants, blacksmiths, forges, tools