William Thomas George was born in Birmingham in 1884 and was a tin plate worker. He and his wife Ellene had a son Leslie Thomas George. The firm W T George & Co was formed sometime later. In 1939 his firm produced ship lamps. The Patent Number GB546575 on the lamp's plate was assigned to Leslie Thomas George in 1941 for improvements in, or relating to, ships' lanterns. From that time the patent number was affixed to their namufactured Meteorite lights. The ship navigation lamp is important as an example of the evolution of marine safety technology. Countries began passing laws and regulations in the 1830s that required ships to show navigation lights at night or in poor weather. From the late 1840s colours were standardised; red for portside of the vessel and green for starboard, a white masthead light, and a white light at anchor. By 1914 the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea was formed and continues, with decisions and notifications on improvements and changes.. Lamp; Portside ship's lamp is rounded in the front with two flat sides coming to a point at the rear. Glass has circular ridging. Metal handle with lid and clasp. The reflector has red colouring. Inscribed on fixed plates on the front, with maker's details and Patent number. This Meteorite lantern was made by W T George and Co Ltd, of Birmingham. "Port" "W T George and Co Ltd" "Sherlock Street Birmingham" "Meteorite 68990 Patented No 546575 and others pending"warrnambool, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill, flagstaff hill maritime museum, flagstaff hill maritime village, portside ships lamp, portside, port lamp, ship's lamp, marine lamp, navigation lamp, w t george & co, coloured lens, red lens, ship fitting, marine technology, navigation light, signal lamp, leslie thomas george, gb546575, patent gb546575, meteorite, lantern, lamp, light

Flashlights where a vital tool for night time map reading, signaling with coloured lenses and many other uses. The blackout during the war also meant for a extended popularity of flashlights. Many carried them onto the streets to see as the streetlights where very rare and to top that of mostly blacked out. Most flashlights where fitted with blinds or coloured lenses to hide the bright light they produced. These coloured lenses where also used to signal between individual soldiers. Mostly used in the 1940s by the military and civilians alike. A small metal light signal box or flashlight.Petrix No. 678signal box, flashlight, petrix 678

N.A.F. 311389-6

Made in USA in the 1960s, the standard issue angle-head field torch was widely used by Australian servicemen in Vietnam. The base of the torch unscrews to contain coloured lenses for use at night, particularly for map reading.Dark green coloured ribbed tube/handle with globe in right-angled section at top of torch. Can be unscrewed at both ends and has metal clip to attach to webbing or uniform.OT-109/Ftorch, flashlight, vietnam war, angle head torch, flield torch, australian servicemen

Large Platform Lamp used by Railways to signal train at stoppings, Cubed in shape with angled sides. Plain glass front, Red-coloured lens on both sides, which can be opened to reveal plain glass.. Covered chimney on top . Bracket on the back to hang the lamp up. railway, platform lamp, lantern, signal, kerosene

These lamps were used for military communications during World War 1 and also through to World War 2A portable, electric morse signalling lamp, used for daylight communications The lamp design was patented in 1916 by Oliver Lucas. This unit was manufactured in 1918 This signalling lamp used an external battery as a power source. An adjustable screen is provided (used with a coloured lens) for night time signalling Includes sight tube Lucas Birmingham 1918forests commission victoria (fcv), communications

A portable signalling lantern AP1038. The bulb is an Edison mazda 1w2v. Patt 1039A. the battery was rechargable. On inside of lid on top reads "Admirality Pattern 1038 Lantern, signalling, Portable, for V/S. S/No: 2759, Year 1944. lantern used for night time convoy. It has five coloured lenses - blue, red, green, white and clear.lantern, signals, lamp

Photo shows Q class tram No. 144 picking up a passenger at the Hawthorn Road stop in Dandenong Road. The tram has the destination of Brighton Cemetery with a sign under the driver's window, "via Windsor". The Conductor can be seen leaning out from the rear of the tram. A lady is possibly waiting for the next service. On the other side are 8 people at a tram stop waiting shelter. Many are dressed in summer clothing, with some looking at the photographer; most likely the photo is taken from the top of an overhead tower wagon. There is a sign stating "This road for tram traffic only". In the left-hand foreground is a light fitting with a coloured lens showing the it is a tram stop. There are two horse-drawn carts on the south side of the roadway.Yields information about tram services in Dandenong Road and the road itself at the intersection with Hawthorn Road early to mid 1920s.Black and white photo with notes on the rear.In ink on the rear "Q class 139-150, combination straight sill, 7'6" wheelbase, 21E truck GE203 motors, 13.027 tare"trams, tramways, dandenong road, hawthorn road, shelters, tram 144, q class, brighton cemetery

Standard issue item, the torch could be clipped onto uniform or webbing leaving the soldier's hands free and used for constant light or signaling position. The bottom section has a compartment containing four different coloured filters /lenses that make the use of the torch at night less visible to enemy.Dark green coloured ribbed tube/handle with globe in right-angled section at top. Can be unscrewed at both ends and has metal clip to attach to webbing or uniform.62'30.89-910 5033torch, flashlight, angle head torch, vietnam war, tunnel rat, field torch

Spectacles with metal frame, circular lenses & pink-coloured nose rests.nilreadingglasses, reading, spectacles

this signal lamp was used at the Numurkah Railway StationBlack-painted tin, cylindrical in shape, with handle. Circular lens at the front with brass-coloured edging. Smaller red lens at the back with white edging. Side slot for hanging lantern onto post or hook. Round chimney/vent at the topNumurkah (metal embossing)railway, lamp, lantern, kerosene

These cameras were made in Japan by the Canon Company which dates from the 1930s. Canon cameras were, and still are very popular as they are compact and have a simple ‘point and shot’ mechanism. The taking of family photographs has been a hobby for over 100 years.These cameras have no known local provenance but are retained for display purposes. .1 This is a Canon Elph Camera. It is rectangular in shape and mainly silver-coloured with a black lens. A black cord for holding the camera is attached. The camera is in a grey cloth bag. .2 This is a Canon Sprint camera. It is rectangular in shape and has a black body. A black cord for holding the camera is attached. The camera is in a buff-coloured cloth bag. This is slightly scuffed. .1 Canon Elph Canon Inc. Made in Japan 3104104 .2 Canon Sprint Approved JC11 canon cameras, history of warrnambool

The Universal Stereoscope was used to view overlapping stereo aerial photography in three dimensions (3D). It consists of magnifying lenses, an optical train including glass prisms and mirrors that are protected by sliding metal covers all suspended on a pair of fold out adjustable legs. The stereoscope is coloured military olive drab green. This Universal Stereoscope was produced in Australia in 1940 for Military use. It was originally produced with a timber protecting carry box that is missing. It was used extensively by members of the Australian Survey Corps during WWII in many theatres of War for viewing and annotating aerial photography. Item 6205.6P, photograph 6205.1P shows the Universal Stereoscope in use by the Australian Survey Corps annotating aerial photography.The Universal Stereoscope was used to view overlapping stereo aerial photography in three dimensions (3D). It consists of magnifying lenses, an optical train including glass prisms and mirrors that are protected by sliding metal covers all suspended on a pair of fold out adjustable legs. The stereoscope is coloured military olive drab green."DC-1940 Serial No 550", "D V D", "Made in Australia" Plate on the underside reads " This stereoscope was donated to the Ex Fortuna Survey Association by the Eaglehawk Recycle Shop February 2015"royal australian survey corps, rasvy, fortuna, army survey regiment, army svy regt, asr

Original flying spectacles worn by Flight Lieutenant Ian A. Lyons. Part of the Flight Lieutenant Ian A. 'Joe' Lyons MBE Collection. See Catalogue No. 5374P for his service record..1) Blue metal spectacles case with silver coloured metal hinges and clasp. Lined with blue velvet fabric. .2) Fabric covered metal frame for housing spectacles within the outer case - .1). .3) Metal framed aviator style spectacles with dark green lens. Clear plastic nose pieces..1) Stamped on top and bottom of case: 'SPECTACLES MKII. 22C/1370. LARGE, (upwards arrow).accessories, flying spectacles, flight lieutenant ian a. lyons

This glasses case may have belonged to Arthur Ayers (nee Casement) 1887-1964. Arthur and his wife, Nina Ayers lived in Avonsleigh 1929-1964. Authur lost an eye at Passchendaele in 1917. Arthur was born in Hammersmith, London, England. Emigrated to Australia in 1911.Enlisted in the Australian Imperial Force 1914. Served at Gallipoli and the western front in WWI, wounded at Passchendaele in 1917. Glasses case and spectacles belonged to a WWI veteran, Arthur Ayres, who served at Gallipoli and the western front and was wounded at Passchendaele in 1917 Brown coloured glasses case containing a broken pair of spectacles with no lensesOn the outside of the glasses case is printed 'COLES & GARRARD OPTICIANS Pty.Ltd. PHONE CENT. 10595, 370-2 BOURKE ST MELBnina casement, arthur ayers, blanche casement, avonsleigh, wwi

1. Heavy aluminium case, two lids on top, colour drab olive. Belt loops both ends. Inside the smaller compartment, the sides are lined with cardboard. Inside the lid of the large compartment is a morse code key. Assembly case serial NR. 13155. 2. Lamp signalling daylight assembly, lens width 8 cm. A pivoting base mount on bottom. On top is a small tube with cross hair sight for aiming. Also there is a wire spring clip in front of lens for holding coloured filters. Lamp serial NR 13107. 3. Tin, black painted. Box spare parts MKII PMG 1942. 4. Tin small black - various plugs, nuts & bolts. 5. Stake set 3 piece Gal steel. Screw threaded ends (?) Stake end (1). 6. Filters celluloid - red. green Amber. 7. Cable rubber covered 2 core.1. Stencilled in white paint - on case - “D^D”signalling, lamps, morse code, ww2

This collection of glasses and cases was donated by Miss Connie Cruickshank. She was part of the family of Orbost's first doctor, Dr James Kerr. As the 19th Century came to a close, more and more people wore their eyeglasses everyday. A popular style of inexpensive, everyday spectacles was the pince-nez. French for "pinch nose," the pince-nez was first developed in France circa 1840 and began to be imported after the 1850s. Pince-nez have no temples, but are fit snugly on the bridge of the nose. Pince- nez could be uncomfortable to wear and broke often from falling off the nose. These items demonstrate how glasses' styles have changed over time. One pair of pince-nez glasses and its brown leather case shaped to fit. One solid black wooden case with a small hinged door at one end. One blue/black case with the words A A Abotomey 14 Carpenter Street Middle Brighton in gold lettering. Five pairs of spectacles, one with blue coloured glass with crack in one lens.A A Abotomey 14 Carpenter Street, Middle Brightonspectacles spectacles-cases pinz-nez

This filter is part of a complete set of a German gas mask dating to the First World War. This may have been a spare filter which was attached to a mask.Khaki coloured gas mask with leather face mask component. Two metal circles border plastic lenses of goggles which in turn have wire frame behind. Gas mask twists onto filter component which is a metal cylinder shape with layers of metal mesh inside; filter is removable. Mask has canvas band on interior for sweat absorption or comfort; attached to which are six straps which converge into loop at back of head.german, germany, world war i, world war 1, first world war, the great war, chemical warfare, gas mask, gas warfare, mustard gas

World War eraWorld war 1 eraWorld War 1 era black coloured brass and steel 5x50 field binoculars, manufactured by Jagdglas Voigtlander in Germany. The front lens has an extendable metal shade cover. The binoculars body and extendable shade covers have a leather-look embossed pattern. Three brass pieces hold the two sides of the binoculars together and mounts the circular plastic turnbuckle that allows the binoculars to be adjusted. The two rear eye pieces are black plastic.Jagdglas Voigtlander 5x The left barrel of the binoculars has the markings 6 W and the broad arrow.binoculars, world war 1, germany, 5x50, military

Dark blue printed instructions on paper mounted on a buff coloured cardboard card.LAMPS, SIGNALLING DAYLIGHT, SHORT RANGE Lamp can be used either (1) on the spike and spike extension stuck in the ground or (2) in the hand if necessary, or (3) withe the adaptor provided on a standard helio stand. SIGHTING TUBE: It is important to see that the lamp is so aligned that the distant receiving station is at the centre of the cross slots and maintained in that position the whole time that signals are being sent. BULBS: when fitting a new bulb, insert the locating tongue on the washer to the front and push the stem right back in the slot. BATTERIES: The correct replacment unit for this set is 8 "S" cells connected "in series". Screw up both terminal nuts tightly, ans see thar all connectors are in position. NIGHT SIGNALLING: An adjustable screen is supplied for reducing the light and one of the colour discs should always be used in conjunction with it when signalling at night under enemy observation. KEY CONNECTIONS. Use the two-pin plug in No.1 socket as long as the light is good enough, then cahnge to No.2. This will greatly lengthen the life of bulb. Used bulbs and batteries should not be relaced in the box, but discarded and a fresh supply obtained. Get a copy of detailed instructions "How to Use" this signalling outfit. KEEP LENS, MIRROR, BULB AND FRONT GLASS CLEAN.instructions, lamp, signalling, daylight, short range

This glass lens was recovered from the wreck of the Falls of Halladale. Its purpose is unknown but could have been a lamp or torch lens or even the lens from underwater equipment. The FALLS of HALLADALE 1886 - 1908- The sailing ship Falls of Halladale was an iron-hulled, four-masted barque, used as a bulk carrier of general cargo. She left New York in August 1908 bound for Melbourne and Sydney. In her hold was general cargo consisting of roof tiles, barbed wire, stoves, oil, benzene, and many other manufactured items. After three months at sea and close to her destination, a navigational error caused the Falls of Halladale to be wrecked on a reef off the Peterborough headland on the 15th of November, 1908. The captain and 29 crew members survived, but her cargo was largely lost, despite two salvage attempts in 1908-09 and 1910. The Court of Marine Inquiry in Melbourne ruled that the foundering of the ship was entirely due to Captain David Wood Thomson's navigational error, not too technical failure of the Clyde-built ship. The Falls of Halladale was built in1886 by Russell & Co., at Greenock shipyards on the River Clyde, Scotland for Wright, Breakenridge & Co of Glasgow. The ship had a sturdy construction built to carry maximum cargo and was able to maintain full sail in heavy gales, one of the last of the 'windjammers' that sailed the Trade Route. She and her sister ship, the Falls of Garry, were the first ships in the world to include fore and aft lifting bridges. The new raised catwalk-type decking allowed the crew to move above the deck in stormy conditions. This glass lens is significant for its association with the wreck of the sailing ship the Falls of Halladale. The Falls of Halladale shipwreck is listed on the Victorian Heritage (No. S255). She was one of the last ships to sail the Trade Routes from Europe and the Americas. Also of significance is that the vessel was one of the first ships to have fore and aft lifting bridges as a significant safety feature still in use on modern vessels today. The subject model is an example of an International Cargo Ship used during the 19th and early 20th centuries to transport goods around the world and represents aspects of Victoria’s shipping industry. Glass lens; transparent glass dome with flat base. Glass has bubbles and several concentric lines on the surface. There are light coloured encrustations on the surface. It was recovered from the wreck of the Falls of Halladale. flagstaff hill, warrnambool, flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, shipwreck coast, great ocean road, shipwreck artefact, falls of halladale, glass lens, glass cover, glass dome

In the 1890s, American Ever-Ready Company founder Conrad Hubert invented the electric flash light which worked with his dry cell batteries . The first Ever Ready flash light was patented in 1898. The first portable flashlights were hand-made from crude paper and fibre tubes, with a bulb and a rough brass reflector. Because batteries were weak and bulbs primitive, flashlights of the era produced only a brief flash of light- thus the name. This torch is named a Bullseye because of the glass lens at the top.This torch helps to interpret the development of lighting. The collection of whale oil lamps as well as gas and electric lighting. Silver coloured metal torch. It has a body and a lid/top. The body is hip flask shaped. On the side of the body is a silver coloured metal button which can be slid up and down. On both the front and back of the body and the top centre are tow small raised circles. The top, which can be removed has a glass dome on it. The inside of the body has a small piece of contact metal where the slide button on the outside turn the torch on and off. In the centre at the top there is the light bulb. The base of the body can also be removed. The base has the makers mark EVER READY stamped on it.Lid light: FY (within a diamond shape) / PATENT 40092 Base: EVER READYlight, torch, lighting, portland, glenelg shire

Richard Liebreich of Germany invented his design of ophthalmoscope in 1855. This example is complete in its case with Coccius lenses and condensing lenses. Early ophthalmoscopes required an external source of illumination, eg lamp or candle, and light was reflected into the eye to be examined by the mirror on the ophthalmoscope. The earliest versions of the Liebreich ophthalmoscope used a polished metal surface to reflect light; glass mirrors were introduced in 1870. A condensing lens was held in front of the patient to view the image. A Coccius lens could be clipped into the holder to counter ametropia of user or subject.This Liebreich ophthalmoscope is significant for the collection as it is the only complete example of the three held in the collection.Cased Liebreich ophthalmoscope with 5 small coccius glass lenses and 2 glass condensing lenses. Non-illuminated ophthalmoscope has concave mirror in round head with central sight hole.Hinged coccius clip attached to hold lenses. Black metal head, silver coloured mount and black turned timber handle. Case has black leather outer lining and purple velvet and satin inner linings. Case hinged with snap closure. On front of case:"LIEBREICH'S OPHTHALMOSCOPE" 4 of 5 Coccius lenses engraved with powers: "8-", "12-", "-01", "+01"ophthalmoscope, optometry, ophthalmology, liebreich, coccius, lenses, eye examination, fundus, funduscopy, non illuminated, instrument, eye doctor, liebreich ophthalmoscope

This model was used in lectures in the College from the mid 20th century. An ophthalmotrope is a mechanical model constructed to demonstrate the movements of the eyes and the actions of the various muscles which produce them. The first ophthalmotrope was made by Theodore Reute in 1845 and it was he who gave it the name 'ophthalmotrope'. Frans Donders (1818-1889) became interested in eye movements on reading Reute's work, and his subsequent studies were of physiological interest and also provided the basis for principles underlying the correction of squint. Because of the complexity of the actions and counter actions of the eye muscles, ophthalmologists of the 19th century sought a practical solution with the construction of mechanical models. Reute's second model of 1857 was more sophisticated. Its eyeballs contained lenses and the optical system could be moved backwards and forwards to simulate accommodation. Later ophthalmotropes are known by Landolt, Knapp and Snellen.This ophthalmotrope is the one that was used as a teaching aid in the College from the mid 20th century.Brass framed model to illustrate actions of extra-ocular muscles. Two painted wooden globes mounted in brass frame with coloured strings attached to brass weights positioned to show actions of various extra-ocular muscles. Also wooden storage box. Materials: brass, metal, wood, string.optometry, ophthalmology, ophthalmotrope, eye, eye movements, extra ocular muscles, eye muscles, eye teaching

The Zeiss Sketchmaster was used to transfer information from aerial photographs onto scale maps. The operator views the aerial photograph and the map simultaneously and manually traces detail from the photograph onto the map. It utilises the principle of the camera lucida, patented in 1806. Various lens combinations were used on a to adjust for scale and then “rubber sheet” the image to line up topographic features like streams and roads. The photo information was then laboriously transferred using a light table onto large A0 paper maps or translucent drafting film. The maps were later hand coloured with either Derwent pencils or delicately painted with Pelikan ink wash. This item is kept at Erica.Zeiss Sketchmaster. c1970s. Includes adjustable stand, various lens in sperate box, adjustable light, map holder and magnetsforests commission victoria (fcv), forest measurement, mapping, surveying

Hand held cream coloured plastic optical magnifier with small globe inset under lenses. The black button on handle turns globe, which is powered by batteries, on and off. The magnifier can be detached to replace the globe or exchanged for a different strength. Cream and black handle with a black button to turn on light and a detachable magnifying glass attached at top.6/100 on magnifierassistive devices, ecshenbach

Glass and silver metallic magnifying glass with a circular lens and a moulded cylindrical metal handle.Silver coloured metal magnifying glassassistive devices, association for the blind