Laminated photocopy of a photograph of members of the Wangaratta & District Rifle Clubs Union, posing with their trophies and pennant. Rutherglen Rifle Club members were Premiers in 1957-58On back of photo: "Back L to R - Fred Terrill, Bob Gracie, Jim Benton, Bill Hedrick. Kneeling L to R - Norman Rankin, George Pearce, Frank Schlue, Tod Rose, Bill Boyd. Wangaratta & District Rifle Clubs Union. Rutherglen Rifle Club Premiers for 1958/59"rutherglen rifle club, wangaratta and district rifle clubs union, fred terrill, bob gracie, jim benton, bill hedrick, norman rankin, george pearce, frank schlue, todd rose, bill boyd

Anzac Day is a national day of remembrance in Australia and New Zealand that broadly commemorates all Australians and New Zealanders "who served and died in all wars, conflicts, and peacekeeping operations"Anzac Day, 25 April, is one of Australia’s most important national occasions. It marks the anniversary of the first major military action fought by Australian and New Zealand forces during the First World War Rectangular Framed Photograph,(Glass covered) with a wooden frameCAMBERRA Australia's National Capital. ...the establishment of the Capital at Camberra will go far towards intensifying the national spirit which is so strong a feature of Australia's nationhood.Senator the Rt Hon George Pearce,Minister for Home and Territories,1926. Photograph of ANZAC DAY in the National Capital by Ben Wrigley Produced by the National Capitol Authority.anzac, photographs, lara r.s.l., ww1, anzac day in the national capitol

Black and White Photograph Of East Gippsland Commissioners George Bates and Graeme Pearce and Maggie Fairweather who designed the new EG Shire logo 1995 Bairnsdale Victoriamuincipal history

One of the earliest camps held for Junior Legatees, showing tents, charabancs and fashions of the day. Legatee Stan Savige had a property in the Balnarring area and some camps were held on his property. Names noted on the back of the photos include: Pat Hanna, Aaron Beattie, Stan Savige, Sandy Lowe, Bill Pearce, Lyn Rule, Donovan Joynt, Carl Carleton, George Collins, Bill Pearce, Rupert Hely, Norman Stafford. Some of these were founding legatees. Melbourne Legacy provided camps for junior legatees - the children of deceased servicemen. It started in the early years of Legacy with outings to the property of Legacy founder, Legatee Stan Savige, who had a place in Balnarring. Permanent camp buildings were built in the 1930s. The camps gave the children an opportunity of a summer beach holiday with other Legacy children.A visual record of a camp run for Junior Legatees, with founder Stan Savige in one of the photographs, showing the accommodation and activities.Folding wallet, brown and cream with black printing, set of sepia photos varying sizes, 1 negative for 00061.7Wallet: 00061.1 “77283” (pencil), Kodak (Australasia) marketing text Photos: 00061.2 “Legacy Camp, Balnarring Xmas 1930/Taken by Aaron Beattie/Pat Hanna rear/Bill Pearce Lfront Lyn Rule/Donovan Joynt Centre Front/Carl Carlton Right Front/Child unknown/extreme left 2 unknown poss. from Bendigo Club” 00061.3 “N 481” 00061.5 “N 481” 00061.6 “Legacy Club Camp Hut/Balnarring East/ 7. Dec 1929” 00061.7 “N 481” 00061.8 “L to R/Stan Savige, George Collins, Bill Pearce/Sandy Lowe Rupert Hely/Norman Stafford/413” 00061.9 “738” 00061.10 “N 481” 00061.11 “N 481” 00061.12 “ Printer Harringtons/4 43” 00061.13 “738”camp, stan savige, founding legatee, somers camp

This article by James Lerk provides a historical overview of blacksmithing in Bendigo, focusing on Thomas Pearce's life and contributions: Blacksmiths worked with iron and steel, shaping metal using heat, anvils, and various tools to create both practical and decorative items. The process involved heating metal to a bright cherry red and shaping it on an anvil, which included features like a flat table and a horn for different shaping needs. Thomas Pearce was born in Cornwall in 1850, the son of a blacksmith, and married Mary Sobey in 1871. He also ran the Five Pilchards Inn, according to the Cornish Census. Like many Cornish people in the late 19th century, Pearce migrated for mining opportunities, arriving in Bendigo in 1889. Pearce worked as a blacksmith at various mines in Bendigo upon arrival.In 1898, he became the blacksmith at Fortuna, a prominent estate owned by George Lansell. Pearce is best known for creating the ornate iron entry gates at Fortuna, showcasing his skill and creativity.It is noted that he began crafting the gates without formal drawings, relying on his vision and expertise. Pearce retired from Fortuna in 1923 at age 73.He and his wife celebrated their diamond wedding anniversary in 1931, marking a long and accomplished life.Fortuna Articles - "Ironwork to test the mettle" Sept 25 2009 The Bendigo Weekly Discover Bendigo by James Lerk This item contains the following: 11217.48a Black and white photo of the Fortuna metal gate in Chum Street 11217.48b Black and white photo of Thomas Pearce , blacksmith, in 1931 at the time of his diamond wedding 11217.48c Part of Page 18 - Fortuna Articles - "Ironwork to test the mettle"non-fictionbendigo, fortuna, george lansell, james lerk, thomas pearce blacksmith

Photograph Early 1950s Sunshine Wagon Wheelers Square Dance Club Fancy Dress Ticket Sellers probably Sunshine Town Hall Pat Hogan Wife of Jim Ray Boxshall|Photograph Early 1950s Sunshine Wagon Wheelers Square Dance Club Fancy Dress Eric Wegener Ron Geary Bill Chapman|Photograph Early 1950s Sunshine Wagon Wheelers Square Dance Club Fancy Dress Ticket Sellers probably Sunshine Town Hall Pat Hogan Wife of Jim Ray Boxshall|Photograph Early 1950s Sunshine Wagon Wheelers Square Dance Club Competition Set|Photograph Early 1950s Sunshine Wagon Wheelers Square Dance Club Probably Sunshine Town Hall Graeme Pearce Alan, Pearce George Goth Stan Henry Barbara Hughes Mrs Edie Wilson|Photograph Early 1950s Sunshine Wagon Wheelers Square Dance Club Fancy Dress probably Sunshine Town Hall Ron Holden Jim Hogan Ernie Day|Photograph Early 1950s Sunshine Wagon Wheelers Square Dance Club Fancy Dress unknown and Neil Amos|Photograph Early 1950s Sunshine Wagon Wheelers Square Dance Club probably Sunshine Town Hall Competition Set|Photograph Early 1950s Sunshine Wagon Wheelers Square Dance Club probably Sunshine Town Hall Caller Bill Rackham Competition Night Seated front Cr. Reg Barclay and invited guests|Photograph Jim Hogan 1940ssunshine wagon wheelers square dance

Photographer notations on slide: "Vice Regal visit to Zoo B42" Not published. Description: A group of men and one woman all dressed in hats and overcoats stand by a wire fence while watching an emu. Research by project volunteer, Fiona Collyer: On 25 June 1934, new Victorian Governor, His Excellency Lord Huntingfield and his wife Lady Huntingfield made an official visit to the Melbourne Zoological Gardens in order to grant his patronage to the Royal Zoological and Acclimatisation Society. During the visit, zoo director Mr. Andrew Wilkie introduced them to some of the zoo’s inhabitants, including an emu. After the First World War, many returned soldiers took up the Government’s offer of land in the Soldier Settlement Scheme. Most of the veterans had little or no farming experience and much of the land offered was of poor quality, with blocks often too small to be viable. Many of the settlers had ongoing physical and mental injuries from the war. The Western Australian government allocated land to 5000 former soldiers but by 1929, one quarter of the men had already abandoned their land, unable to make a living. Not only was the world economy struggling with the Great Depression, but the settlers also had to contend with plummeting wheat and wool prices, crippling drought and rabbit infestation. The Scullin Government (Oct 1929-Jan 1932) had promised subsidies to the Western Australian farmers if they increased their wheat crops but were unable to pass the legislation in the Senate. The new Lyons Government (Jan 1932-April 1939) abandoned the legislation and the subsidies were never paid, bringing calls from Western Australia of secession from Australia. In October 1932, a deputation of soldier settlers from the Campion wheatbelt region in Western Australia, petitioned Commonwealth Minister for Defence, Western Australian Senator Sir George Pearce, for assistance. A mob of 20,000 emus were migrating to the coast after breeding and were gathering along the eastern side of the Number 1 Rabbit Proof Fence, attracted to the ripening crops and the dams the farmers had built. They were heading towards Campion, 303 kilometres east of Perth, eating and trampling the wheat, destroying the fences and letting the rabbits in. Having witnessed firsthand the effectiveness of machine guns in killing people in war, the former soldiers thought the guns would be ideal for killing emus. Sir George, wanting to demonstrate that his government was sympathetic to the settlers and hoping to quell Western Australian succession talk, agreed. However, he stipulated that no expense would be incurred by the Commonwealth Government and only active military personnel could use the machine guns. The farmers had to pay for the ammunition, food and accommodation for the military for the length of the operation. The cost for the ammunition was £50 for 10,000 rounds. Sir George also felt the operation would provide excellent target practice for the soldiers! The operation was headed by Major Gwynydd Purves Wynn-Aubrey Meredith, 1887-1975, of the Seventh Heavy Battery of the Royal Australian Artillery, and assisted by Sergeant S. McMurray and Gunner J. O'Halloran. They were equipped with two American-designed Lewis light machine guns and 10,000 rounds. Each magazine held 47 rounds of ammunition and the gun was capable of firing 500 to 600 rounds per minute with effective firing range of 800 metres. A cinematographer from British Movietone News accompanied the soldiers in order to record what was expected to be not only an easy victory but also useful propaganda for both the military and the Lyons Government. Emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae, meaning New Holland Racer) is a species of long-necked flightless bird endemic to Australia. The Tasmanian and the dwarf King and Kangaroo Island subspecies were hunted to extinction after the European settlement of Australia. It is the second largest bird in the world after the ostrich, standing up to 1.9 metres tall and weighing up to 50 kilograms. The Emu has long, powerful legs with three forward facing toes and is the only bird with calf muscles. It is able to jump 2.1 metres into the air and run 50 kilometres per hour. It communicates by drumming and booming through an inflatable neck sac which can be heard up to two kilometres away. Along with its tough hide and a body more feathers than flesh, the emu can be a tricky target. Emus had been a protected native species until 1922, when the government changed their status to “vermin” in response to the emus breaking down fences and destroying crops. Major Meredith told the press that Colonel Oswald V. Hoad of the 1st Cavalry Division NSW had especially requested he send 100 emu skins to replenish the plumage on his Light Horsemen’s hat tops. On the first day of the Emu War, 2 November 1932, Major Meredith spotted a mob of emus out of range of the guns, so he asked the farmers to use their vehicles to drive the emus towards the fence and the guns. The panicked birds split into small groups, kicking up the dust and scattering every which way. Only six were killed, though some were wounded. After that, the emus became very wary of humans. On 4 November, Major Meredith staged a dawn ambush at a dam. As 1000 emus approached to drink, the soldiers opened fire, killing 12 emus. After reloading, the gun jammed and the emus dispersed in all directions, and were not sighted again that day. The West Australian newspaper reported on 4 November 1932 that, “The emus have proved that they are not so stupid as they are usually considered to be. Each mob has its leader, always an enormous black-plumed bird standing fully six-feet high, who keeps watch while his fellows busy themselves with the wheat. At the first suspicious sign, he gives the signal, and dozens of heads stretch up out of the crop. A few birds will take fright, starting a headlong stampede for the scrub, the leader always remaining until his followers have reached safety.” In a later attempt, they mounted a gun onto the bed of a truck in order to chase and mow down the birds. However the truck couldn’t drive fast enough over the rough terrain and it was too bumpy to fire the gun accurately. The birds easily outran the truck except for one hapless emu who faltered while being chased and fell under the truck, its body wedging in the steering gear, causing the driver to crash the truck, and bringing down half a chain of the rabbit proof fence. RSPCA inspector Mr. Arthur Austin arrived with a rifle and knife in order to finish the work of the Lewis guns and dispatch injured emus. He said that while his society was sympathetic to the stricken settlers, he was anxious that wounded birds should not be left to suffer. Major Meredith told the inspector, “What speed can you run? You have to be better than Peter Pan if you want to catch wounded emus that make for the scrub.” (Racehorse “Peter Pan” had won the 1932 Melbourne Cup a few weeks earlier.) The commentator of the British Movietime newsreel uses a jocular tone to optimistically proclaim, “The scouts [emus] of the advancing army have keen eyesight, and in order to get close to the main body, our lads have to do some real stalking, with the enemy watching events through their periscopes raised up over the heads of corn... Instead of the birds ruining the farmers, tables are turned, there will be no more damage down here for many a day to come once the enemy is eliminated.” Emus proved tougher adversaries than expected, barely breaking stride even when badly injured from machine gun bullets, and the suspicious emus soon learnt to stay out of range of the men and their guns. Meanwhile, in the eastern states concern was being expressed about the cruelty of machine-gunning the native birds. Senator James Guthrie UAP of Victoria suggested that there must be “more humane, if less spectacular methods” of coping with the pests. People wrote letters to the newspapers to express their dismay at the inhumane methods used. R.F. Bellchambers from Humbug Scrub, 25 November 1932, lamented that, “At the present rate of extinctions, it will shortly be necessary to go to the Museum to see the remains of our fauna.” The Murchison Times published a letter on 16 November 1932 from “Clay Pan Joe”: “War on Emus. Slaughter of innocent birds would be more appropriate... The birds may be a nuisance and it may be necessary to destroy them, but why cause so much suffering amongst these innocent birds.” E.S. Playford of Norton’s Summit wrote to The Advertiser, 22 November 1932, that “...habitation on the earth would be impossible without bird life. Therefore, it is unwise to say that any bird is useless. Is sentiment dying? Are we so keen on personal gain that our lovely and unique birds have to be ruthlessly slaughtered in thousands and their bodies left rotting in the sun?” In Sydney, picture palace patrons expressed “considerable concern” after viewing the Movietone News newsreel of emus fleeing from the barrage of machine-guns, and wounded emus in the fields in Campion. The press had a field day, dubbing it the “The Emu War” and joking that the “Chicago method” was being used against the feathered foe. The Daily News newspaper published a cartoon depicting the emus outrunning and outsmarting the soldiers. In Parliament NSW Senator James Dunn called Sir George the “Minister for the Emu War”. Labor member Mr. Rosevear, midst great laughter, asked if the minister would consider declaring an armistice and withdrawing his troops from the Western Front. Prime Minister Joe Lyons was asked if medals would be struck for those taking part in the war. Labor parliamentarian Mr. A.E. Green declared any medals should go to the emus who had “won every round so far”. With the embarrassing press coverage and poor results, Sir George ordered a stop to the project on 9 November, and Major Meredith and the soldiers departed for Perth. The WA Premier Sir James Mitchell and the Campion farmers demanded they return, citing the continued destruction of crops and fences by the emus. Major Meredith and his two gunners were allowed to return on 13 November and seemingly having learnt from their previous experiences, had slightly more success this time killing emus. The operation finally finished on 10 December with Major Meredith reporting “definite kills” of 986 emus for 9860 rounds of ammunition, coincidentally and conveniently exactly 10% of the number of rounds used. A further 2500 birds were said to have died from their injuries and although this is a disputed figure, even if accurate, the ratio of rounds expended to emu casualties was thought too high to justify continuing. The operation barely caused a dint in the marauding mob of 20,000 emus. “There’s only one way to kill an emu”, one of the party bitterly remarked: “Shoot him through the back of the head when his mouth is closed or through the front of his mouth when his mouth is open. That’s how hard it is.” Australian ornithologist Dominic L. Serventy noted that “The machine-gunners’ dreams of point blank fire into serried masses of Emus were soon dissipated. The Emu command had evidently ordered guerrilla tactics, and its unwieldy army soon split up into innumerable small units that made use of the military equipment uneconomic. A crestfallen field force therefore withdrew from the combat area after about a month.” Major Meredith expressed the greatest of respect for the enemy. He said, “If we had a military division with the bullet-carrying capacity of these birds, it would face any army in the world. They could face machine guns with the invulnerability of tanks. They are like Zulus, whom even dum dum bullets would not stop." The Major’s official report stated that there were no human casualties in “The Emu War.” Emus are considered the victors of “The Great Emu War.” Western Australian farmers requested military assistance in 1934, 1943 and 1948, including using bombs, but the government refused. The bounty system instigated in 1923 continued, with farmers using rifles against their fleet-footed foe, with 57,034 bounties for dead emus claimed in six months in 1934 in Western Australia alone. 284,704 emus were killed in Western Australia between 1945 and 1960. The other most effective defence against the emus was the construction of a robust, vermin proof fence spanning over a long distance. Emus were formally protected in 1999 by the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act. It’s estimated there are between 625,000 to 725,000 wild emus in Australia in 2024. An emu and a kangaroo feature on Australia’s coat of arms, holding up a shield illustrated with symbols of the six states. The animals symbolise the nation moving forward as neither animal can walk backwards. Campion is now a ghost town. A book about the operation, “Letters from the Emu War” by J.A. Bryden was published in 2023 by Playtime Books. In 2024, an Australian film called “The Emu War” was released, starring Damian Callinan and Luke McGregor. Andrew Arthur Wellesley Wilkie, 1853-1948, was Director of the Melbourne Zoo from 1923 to 1936 and was associated with the zoo for 70 years. He first worked as a horticultural assistant to Government botanist Baron Ferdinand von Mueller at the Botanical Gardens at the age of 13, along with his older brother David. One of Andrew’s jobs was to capture moths for the National Herbarium. In 1857, a group of prominent Melburnians assembled at St. Patrick’s Hall to form the Zoological Society of Victoria, with the aim of introducing animals and plants from overseas. It was conceived, “For the purposes of science and for that of affording the public the advantages of studying the habits of the animal creation in properly arranged zoological gardens.” The Victorian Government granted 32 acres (13 hectares) of land to the Zoological Society at the southern end of Richmond Paddock on the opposite bank to the Botanical Gardens. (This is where AAMI Stadium and Collingwood Football Club now stand.) In 1861, the Zoological Society of Victoria was renamed The Acclimatisation Society of Victoria. Unfortunately the Yarra River frontage was damp, swampy and subject to flooding, so the animals were briefly housed at the Botanical Gardens until in 1862, the City of Melbourne donated 55 acres (22 hectares) of land at Royal Park for the fledgling zoo. Baron von Mueller secured employment at Royal Park for Andrew and David and they helped to lay out the gardens, plant trees and take care of a collection of deer, pheasants, hares and partridges. Initially the zoo was used for the acclimatisation of animals recovering from the long voyage to Australia and for breeding them for sport. In 1872, the zoo bought two lions, a leopard and a cheetah that had been seized from circus showmen Keith and Phillips when they were unable to pay the bill of butcher Mr T K Bennet of Bourke Street. The first zoo director, Mr. Albert Le Souef, negotiated with captains of ships to buy animals at overseas ports they visited and soon a multitude of exotic species arrived, including a ten-year-old Indian elephant in 1878. In 1923, after being head keeper for some years, Andrew was appointed director of the zoo. By 1933, the zoo had 110 different species of animals, 200 species of birds and 72 species of reptiles under Andrew’s care. He had personally planted all but six trees and laid out the garden beds. As director he lobbied authorities for funds to build more humane enclosures for the animals. In June 1928, Table Talk magazine wrote of Andrew Wilkie: “Up at the Zoo there is a humble gentleman who is a lion among the lions, who knows the proper specific to employ when the boa constrictor has chilblains, and who is a friend and confidant of Queenie the elephant. His fount of zoological lore has never been plumbed. It is bottomless, like his good fellowship and geniality. Every day he may be seen somewhere in the grounds of that growing sanctuary for the strange and arresting fauna and creeping things of the world, and I assure you as one who is privy to his passion that that area and its inhabitants are rarely out of his thoughts.” Andrew retired from the zoo in 1936 at the age of 83 and in 1948 died at his home in Brunswick aged 94. He and his wife Josephine had six children. The Victorian Acclimatisation Society was founded in 1861 by Edward Wilson, 1813-1878, then owner and editor of The Argus newspaper. He said that Australian indigenous animals were practically useless, providing only “a little sport and an occasional meal”. The Society believed that Australia’s plants and animals were vastly inferior to those in Europe. They wanted to introduce and acclimatise to Victoria “all innoxious animals, birds, fishes, insects and vegetables, whether useful or ornamental” for sport and for the table, and to spread indigenous animals and plants from the colony around the world. Their motto was “if it lives, we want it”. The Society was primarily responsible for introducing sparrows, starlings, sambar and hog deer, ostriches, brown trout, blackberries, and carp to the Murray River. They released the European songbirds, thrush and blackbird to quell the homesickness of British settlers. The Society also sent Australian animals like platypus, echidnas, kangaroos and koalas to Europe for scientific and novelty purposes. Thomas Austin, a wealthy sheep farmer of Barwon Park, Winchelsea (property now owned by the National Trust) was a member and in 1859 he introduced hares, blackbirds, thrushes and partridges onto his property. He is probably best known for introducing 24 breeding rabbits onto his estate as game for shooting parties. Thomas quipped, “The introduction of a few rabbits could do little harm and might provide a touch of home, in addition to a spot of hunting." In 2022, genomic data confirmed that Australia’s feral rabbit population is entirely descended from these rabbits. Biological control has brought the rabbit population down from an estimated high of 10 billion rabbits in the 1920s to approximately 200 million today, inhabiting 70% of Australian landmass (5.3 million square kilometres). In 1872, the Acclimatisation Society was renamed The Zoological and Acclimatisation Society of Victoria and they focused on importing exotic animals for display purposes to the zoo. In 1937, the Royal Acclimatisation Society of Victoria was recreated as the Zoological Board of Victoria with a focus on research of native animals threatened with extinction. In an editorial for The Argus newspaper, 16 March 1856, Edward Wilson lamented: "...this country has been shamelessly stolen from the blacks. Had they been like the New Zealanders or the North American Indians, we should have bought their land, and supplied them with the means of living when we took it... In less than twenty years we have nearly swept them off the face of the earth. We have shot them down like dogs. In the guise of friendship we have issued corrosion sublimate in their damper, and consigned whole tribes to the agonies of an excruciating death. We have made them drunkards, and infected them with disease which has rotted the bones of their adults, and made such few children as are born amongst them a sorrow and a torture from the very instant of their birth. We have made them outcasts on their own land, and are rapidly consigning them to entire annihilation. There are but a few of them left, comparatively. This is what we would do for that few. We would feed and clothe every one of them.” [Note: this last sentence is italicized in the original newspaper article text]. Lord Huntingfield, (William Charles Arcedeckne Vanneck) 1883-1969, Governor of Victoria 1934-1939, was a British Conservative Party politician and the first ever Australian-born Governor of an Australian state (although he was always considered British). He was patron of the Royal Zoological and Acclimatisation Society of Victoria and was acting Governor-General for six months during the absence of Lord Gowie in 1938. Lady Huntingfield (née Margaret Eleanor Crosby) 1884-1943, his American-born wife showed great interest in social welfare and the advancement of women and children. She was president of the City Newsboys Society and Patroness of the Girls Friendly Society. In 1937, rose breeder Alister Clark named a yellow hybrid tea rose for her. In 1940, the City of Melbourne opened the Lady Huntingfield Free Kindergarten in North Melbourne, now the Lady Huntingfield Early Learning and Family Services Centre. Lady Huntingfield died in London in 1943 after her house was bombed during a German airstrike. The Lady Huntingfield Memorial Scholarship was established after the City of Melbourne raised £1000 in a public appeal conducted in her memory for students undertaking a Social Work degree at the University of Melbourne. It is awarded annually to this day. The Queen Victoria Hospital named a bed in her honour. References: VICE-ROYALTY GREETS THE KING OF BEASTS AT THE ZOO. (1934, June 26). The Age (Melbourne, Vic. : 1854 - 1954), p. 11. Retrieved August 23, 2024, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article204818472 Prominent Personalities ANDREW WILKIE (1928, June 7). Table Talk (Melbourne, Vic. : 1885 - 1939), p. 15. Retrieved August 29, 2024, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article146562949 'Edward Wilson (journalist)', Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Wilson_(journalist) 'Thomas Austin (pastoralist)', Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Austin_(pastoralist) 'The Acclimatisation Society was driven by misguided ideals about 'fixing nature' in Australia', ABC News, https://www.abc.net.au/news/2022-11-04/acclimatisation-society-introduced-species-history-listen/101588262?utm_campaign=abc_news_web&utm_content=link&utm_medium=content_shared&utm_source=abc_news_web THE ABORIGINES. (1856, March 16). The Argus (Melbourne, Vic. : 1848 - 1957), p. 5. Retrieved September 28, 2024, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article4833244 WAR ON EMUS. (1932, November 4). The West Australian (Perth, WA : 1879 - 1954), p. 12. Retrieved September 29, 2024, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article32588972 'The Great Emu War: how it started and who won', ABC Australia, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y1wA0PKeJqc Advertising (1932, November 25). The West Australian (Perth, WA : 1879 - 1954), p. 2. Retrieved October 26, 2024, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article32584578 Emu Chasers Must Outstrip Peter Pan (1932, November 9). The Labor Daily (Sydney, NSW : 1924 - 1938), p. 5. Retrieved October 10, 2024, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article237042749 WAR ON EMUS (1932, November 22). The Advertiser (Adelaide, SA : 1931 - 1954), p. 18. Retrieved October 15, 2024, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article73997254 WAR ON EMUS. (1932, October 28). The Labor Daily (Sydney, NSW : 1924 - 1938), p. 6. Retrieved October 24, 2024, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article237046601 EMU WAR (1932, December 3). Mirror (Perth, WA : 1921 - 1956), p. 7. Retrieved October 24, 2024, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article75626301 Machine Gun Offensive Against Emus. (1932, November 10). Western Mail (Perth, WA : 1885 - 1954), p. 3 (PICTORIAL SECTION). Retrieved October 24, 2024, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article37766670 A THOUSAND BIRDS IN LUCK. (1932, November 10). Western Mail (Perth, WA : 1885 - 1954), p. 28. Retrieved October 11, 2024, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article37766849 New Strategy In A War On The Emu (1953, July 5). The Sunday Herald (Sydney, NSW : 1949 - 1953), p. 13. Retrieved October 11, 2024, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article18516559 This is a nice emu-that was! (1932, November 5). The Daily News (Perth, WA : 1882 - 1955), p. 9 (HOME EDITION). Retrieved September 30, 2024, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article82878309 LOCAL AND GENERAL (1932, November 16). The Murchison Times (Cue, WA : 1924 - 1937), p. 2. Retrieved October 14, 2024, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article257500260 Taking Him for a Ride! (1932, October 13). The Daily News (Perth, WA : 1882 - 1955), p. 6 (HOME EDITION). Retrieved September 30, 2024, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article83717338 'The Emu War', History Nuggets, https://historynuggets.squarespace.com/nuggets/2018/4/21/the-emu-war New Strategy In A War On The Emu (1953, July 5). The Sunday Herald (Sydney, NSW : 1949 - 1953), p. 13. Retrieved October 23, 2024, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article18516559 'This is the story of how Australia went to war with emus and lost', First Dog on the Moon, https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/jul/26/this-is-the-story-of-how-australia-went-to-war-with-emus-and-lost Photographer notations on slide: "Vice Regal visit to Zoo B42"emu wars, governors, melbourne zoo, city of melbourne, 1930-1939, hunting, lord huntingfield, lady huntingfield, royal park, animals, wildlife

“On the 8th April 1934, at her residence in Bedford, England, Eveline Victoria Townshend, widow of the late Thomas Achilles Townshend, C.E. of County Cork, Ireland, died in her 74th year. Mrs Townshend was the Eva Carmichael who, with the late Tom Pearce, were the only two survivors of the ship Loch Ard, which was wrecked near Port Campbell, on 1st June, 1878 ....”. [Transcription of the article is attached]. Captain Gibbs was master of the Loch Ard, an iron clipper of 1623 tons, which was wrecked on Mutton Bird Island, one mile east of Sherbrook River. The two survivors, Carmichael, a passenger and Pearce, a member of the crew, were washed through the mouth of the gorge, which now bears the name of the ill-fated ship. The impact of the ship was so violent that the deck was torn clean off the hull, which now lies in 70 fathoms of water. (edited version of the same article)The newspaper article is of local, state and national historical significance for its association with the wreck of the sailing ship LOCH ARD, which is now listed on the Victorian Heritage Register S417. The article records an eye witness account of the rescue of the only two survivors from the Loch Ard wreck. A newspaper cutting from the Warrnambool Standard in 1934. It contains the obituary notice of Eva Carmichael (Townshend), the only female survivor of the LOCH ARD shipwreck in 1878. She died on 8 April 1934, a widow in England, in her 74th year. This original newspaper cutting has yellowed and creased with age. The article in the cutting is incomplete. flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, warrnambool standard, eva carmichael, loch ard, eveline townshend, tom pearce, eveline victoria townsend, thomas achilles townshend, county cork, ireland, loch ard survivors, port campbell victoria, royal reade, 1-6-1878, w. c. till, eye witness account, george ford, glenample homestead, princetown, gibson, w. shields, mckenzie, robertson, robert strasenburg, loch venacher, robert pearce, tss hobsons bay

The Golden Point - Mt Pleasant Progress Association was established on Wednesday 6 April 1983. Membership was open to any person or organisation in the area generally bounded by Bridge mall and Skipton Street, Elsworth Street and main Road. annual family or organisation membership was $2.00. Mara Gluyas served as secretary of the Golden Point - Mt Pleasant Progress Association from 1983 to 1994. Ian McKinnon was the President from 1983 to 1992. Kerry Daniels was the President in 1994.A small white cardboard box with purple lid of A4 documents relating to the establishment of the Golden Point - Mt Pleasant Progress Association. The documents include the original constitution and minutes. Topics include: Pearce's Park; removal of elms, names and addresses of members, Sovereign Hill realignment; Sovereign Hill Lookout; membership form; Golden Point Historic Mines Direction Indicator; Ballarat Observatory; Nerrina Tip; Yarrowee Creek; Mine Capping (Sovereign Mine); tree planting (Sovereign Hill Lookout); Magpie Street Park; Hill Street; Yarrowee Flora Park; Barkly Street; South Street Bluestone Gutter; Ballarat Goldfields; Eastern baths site; Grant Street; Flooding; Aboriginal Advancement League; Sunnyside Woollen Mill; Chinese Garden; Golden Point Primary School closure; Ballarat West Goldfields; Sovereign Hill Land Title and Management Revision; Wainwright; Street; Llanberris; Yuille's Station Parkgolden point, mount pleasant, mt pleasant, ian mckinnno, mara gluyas, peter hiscock, frank williams, geoff howard, leigh gillett, sovereign hill, kerry daniels, norm strange; graeme kent; george netherway; keith rash; ian mckinnon, albert graham, bryan crebbin, jim humphreys. wid radbourn, heath martin, janet dore, alex mills park

Gold was officially discovered in Ballarat in 1851. "John Dunlop and James Regan, between the 21st and 24th of August, 1851, washed in the little creek at the foot of Poverty Point, the first gold that eventually led to the establishment of the Ballarat Goldfield .11 page soft covered booklet.gold, ballarat, spielvogel, john dunlop, alfred clarke, james regan, william brownbill, cc phillips, george sutherland, john denovan, john basson humffray, c.c. phillips, historical society select committee, a. mckenzie, f. barrop, m.m. mccallum, ballarat goldfield, buninyong, connor, woodward, jeanes, smith, thornton, isiah pearce, j.b. humffray, a. chalmers, poverty point

3 x four page broadsheet, including an advertisement for the Ballarat School of Mines, and many other Ballarat organisations. ballarat, ballarat star, hewitt, hewett, church, chuck photography, boradbent, robbins carnells, kugelmann, herbalist, abrahams, ballarat horticultural society, vigneron, ballarat liedertafel, liedertafel, chinese, chinese hawker, loo sing, chinese furniture, sweating commission, isaac walker, carngham, george mcpherson. great combined reaper, brickmaking, william dunstan, mount pleasant, j. tweedale, figgis, dentist, lowther, jeweller, marks, sing loo, chinese furniture (sweating), ballarat gas company, mount pleasant brickmaking, chuck photographer, broadbent brothers, cherry and robbins, sadlery, h.f. kugelmann, herbalist, a. and g abrahams, clearing sales, isaac wilks, george mcpherson, great combined reaper and binder, brickmaking for william dunstan, j. tweedale estate, j.j. lowther, dentist, john latta, george downing, chalres lennon, james hayes, lenore pearce, robert e. mactagagrt, m. o'connell, e.t. dunn, crown lands

Contents include: Associateship and final certificates; Calendar for 1903; Discipline; Fees; Full Certificates issued; general regulations: Honorary Correspondents: Office Bearers; Professor and Lecturers; Results of exams; Statistics; Subscriptions and Donations; Subjects included in Regulation Technical Schools; Subjects on Instruction; Subjects included in Associateship course, Time table. Images include: Andrew Anderson, Lecture Rooms (Administration Building), Senior members of staff, School Buildings and Grounds, Linkenbach Table - Battery Laboratory, Engineering laboratory interior, junior Chemistry Laboratory; Assay Laboratory, Battery Laboratory interior, Maddern FurnaceCharcoal soft covered book at 100 pages. ballarat school of mines, andersnon\bickett, vale, warrington rogers, oddie, dunn, figgis, david ham, herman, lindsay, lonie, maddern, middleton, morrison, nevett, pearce, scott, woolcott, wanliss, r.e. williams, henry cuthbert, thomas hart, charles kent, frederick martell, newman, william bailey, hamilton, bechervaise, george russell, thomas bath, r.m. serjeant, peter matthews, theo williams, alfred mica smithh, daniel walker, hubert murphy, charles deane, arthur garrard, valentine anderson, douglas runtin, john balyney, l. cameron, dawbarn, a.e.c. kerr, john adams, edgar mcconnon, hall, john m. sutherland, usher, charles campbell, metallurgy, geology, certificate as mine manager, certificat as assayer, labratory, museum, land and mine surveying, applied mechanics, machine drawing and dedign, mechanics applied to mining, engineering laboratory, electrical department, state school lectures, excursions, mathematics, physics, geometry, photography, chemistry, organic chemistry, assaying, mining gelogy, mineralogy, petrology, algebra, trigonometry, mensuration, land surveying, mine surveying, steam and gas engines, dynamics and heat, sound and light, magnetism and electricity, electrical tecnology, botany, veterinary science, engineering drawing, electroplating

The Ballarat School of Mines was the first School of Mines in the southern hemisphere. Its Museum was established in 1872. Donation 600, 4 July 1882, H. Sutton, Ballarat. Nature of Donation: 13th Annual report of the Aeronautical Society of Great Britain 2 papers 'from the proceedings of the Royal Society', Nos 217 & 218 - 1882 communicated by the President :on a new electrical Storage battery" by Henry Sutton, Ballarat, Victoria Donation 976, 8 May 1884, H. Sutton, Ballarat. Nature of Donation: * 1 volume "Pluttner on the Blowpipe: (Pluttner's manual of qualitative & quantitative analysis of the blowpipe. Donation 1682, 28 Feb 1887, James Lamb, Ballarat. Nature of Donation: Copy of "The Ballarat Times" newspaper of 3 December 1854, framed, and protected on both sides with glass. Donation 1712, 28 April 1887, Marg. Guerin, Ballaarat. Nature of Donation: Specimens nos (797-806) 797-801 from the New Reform Mine Luchnow, NSW (797) Serpentine with vein of quartz and calcite (798) Surpentine passing into silicous ferruginoous gossan; with drives of rock crystal (&99) Diorite with vein of calcite (800) Auriferous vein stuff (801) Auriferous arrenopyrite with calcite (802) noble opal filling cavities in decomposed traclyte (803-805) from Mr McDonald, NSW (806) arutute (carbonate of lead) in long schombie purni (?) Donation 1730, 23 May 1887, Miss Guerin, Ballaarat. Nature of Donation: Copy of the Victorian Review No 74 December 1 1885, Copy Wide Awake Vol 1 No 6 May 21st 1887Large rough calf covered book recording museum, laboratory and library donations to the Ballarat School of Mines. 4835 donations are recorded.Marbled end papers. Labels on spine and front cover.ballarat school of mines, ballarat school of mines museum, benjamin hepburn, ce clarke, j noble wilson, m hamburger, d christy, edwin jewell, ellery, john gray, go preshaw, cf crouch, henry brind, james darby, rm serjeant, george day, jf watson, stoddart, j hicks, hicks, james hector, sleep, jj sleep, james pearce, henry obree, newman, william tarrant, beilby, william bradford, george lansell, watson, edward gazzard, e morey, john lynch, j hector, rivett bland, bland, costin, whittle, crowther, mitchell, ferdinand krause, krause, joseph mitchell, john walker, bailey, duncan, mica smith, alfred mica smith, james buchanan, buchanan, whitehouse, dr bunce, bunce, james bklack, james bickett, js north, joseph flude, alfred lester, wagemann, fw niven, edwards, william evett, john addis, al elphinstone, henry sutton, ol olden, bh cross, robert hamilton, hancock, ferdinand von mueller, von meuller, berchevaise, j whitehouse, serjeant, henty, james shugg, john ross, james oddie, ralph tate, henry watts, wh wooster, wooster, luplau, rosenblum, heddington, albert furmedge, buley, robert wilson, e. rowlands, ne hall, henry pearce, lee young, nicholls, dusontory, daniel brohpy, brophy, klug, james donaldson, john cherry, ce jones, john feilds, thomas williams, enscoe, e price, shoppee, jacob drew, george wyatt, dimmock, james orr, john hardy, george wyatte, thomas rogers, james lamb, doepel, margaret guerin, bella guerin, guerin, george binns, william laplau, captain baker, baker, crisp, barnard, haffie, bateman, chalmers, richard parker, adam adamson, jn wilson, john noble wilson, papenhagen, towl, government astronomer, royal society, minister of mines, thoams blackett, burbury, denny, thys, p gay, james law, woolnough

Ballarat Technical Art School was a division of the Ballarat School of Mines.373 certificates in 2 boxes. Most appear to be related to subjects undertaken at the Ballarat Technical Art School. Director of education stamped signature Frank Tate.Stamped Ballarat School of Mines No.10 Stamped signature "Frank Tate"ann duke, plain needlework, victor greenhalgh, frank tate, ballarat technical art school, arnold j. allen, florence allen, m.a. ansen, dressmaking, modelling human figure from cast, ruby e. allison, drawing fro memory, nancy b. angwin, maude arberry, douglas w. arch, muriel j. arch, eileen bailey, annie c. baker, percy j. baker, general design, light metal work, bessie m. barbery, commerical arithmetic, decorative needlework, bert bernaldo, drawing from a flat example, lorna m. mccallum, brush drawing, stanley g.a. barnett, millinery, mavis g. beacham, theodore k. beckwith, isabel j. bell, kelva e. bellingham, leslie bennett, olive van berkel, elizabeth e. berry, beatrice m. blake, thomas g. blake, catherine m. bowers, nancy w. bowe, clarice v. branagh, harold r. brown, architecture, modelling the head from life, henry bull, light metalwork, ivan d. brown, thyra j. brown, henry j. bull, leila m. burford, embossed leathwork, lettering, drawing fro dressmakers, irene m. burke, josephine m. callery, modelling, mona r. callow, herbert cameron, lillias cameron, william e. carlyon, doris l. carter, ruth e. catt, hiram e. chamberlain, stephen chambers, jack d. chand, jack d. chard, clara v. clegg, beryl e. coad, john c. collins, keith m. collins, robert g. collins, kathleen m. conway, athol b. cornish, ballantyne cottier, douglas s. cotton, lilith s. christmas, perspective, doreen coughlan, ivy g. crompton, phyllis culliver, joan m. cuthbertson, alan r. cutter, john l. daniel, arthur dansey, katherine d'arcy, dorothy f. darling, myrtle f. darling, reginal a. davey, gwladys h. davies, annie dellaca, henry a. deller, ivy f. denovan, joyce doepel, bessie donacaster, charles o. dowie, horace b. dowsing, walter dunstan, mary dwyer, allan r. egglestone, melville g. ellingsen, hugh o. elliott, beryl r. ellis, cecil f. engish, allan e. evans, matson l. eves, olive j. fairlie, robert j. falla, mavis felstead, lena featherston, albert c. ferguson, alma ferguson, hilda m. ferguson, john f. ferguson, beatrice m. field, clarice f. fisher, philip h. fleischer, building construction, olive p. francis, agnes fraser, essie gale, gilbert foster, pearle fricke, effie gascoigne, enid m. gates, clarice gear, james a. geary, sylvia f. greenhalgh, evelyn f. geddes, thomas j. gibson, wavie b. gilbert, edna m. gilmer, nancy govan, eula h. gower, doris e. gray, lesley j. gower, henry n. graham, victor e. greenhalgh, melva e. gribble, human anatomy, roy k. griggs, jack gullan, robert gullan, alma m. gunn, dorothy j. hallan, lucy hamilton, james hammer, dorothy e. hamond, christopher j. hanlon, catherin hardess, lily haymes, gladys hedges, irene h. hewitt, john hill, victor j. hill, olive hillings, john a. hobill, frances k. holmes, gertrude m. hopkins, alice horan, marjorie hudson, linda m. hughes, lydia hughes, winifred humphreys, commercial english, agnes a. humphries, colin hunt, kathleen hutchinson, francis n. king, jean king, hilda knox, john kopke, isabel a. kopke, hazel jackson, freda jacobi, agnes james, william r. james, alexander johnson, edward j. jones, eleanor w.h. jones, nellie kau, thomas kean, francis kelly, roy k. kelly, thomas g. kierce, theo e. leonard, esther f. leviston, bessie lockett, norman h. long, ena mackay, gwenda e. mann, robert v. maddison, herbert w. malin, dorothy m. marriott, john c. mcarthur, james p. mcculloch, doris mcdougall, cyril mcgibbony, thelma mcgibbony, jean mcgregor, kenneth mciver, constance m. mckenzie, elsie j. mckissock, alexander k.mcleod, grace b. mclean, john f.w. mclean, rebecca mcphan, vera meeny, edna merritt, dougald miller, florence h. mingst, agnes m. monteith, doreen j. montgomery, jean e. montgomery, robert w.p. montgomery, margaret b. moore, harry e. morrish, james mow, gwendoline r. neagle, gerald r. newson, robert j. nicol, helen f. nicholl, george m. norton, edward s. oliver, mavis e. oliver, hector h, osborne, henry parker, norma e. parr, doris m. patterson, elsie pearce, celia pearlman, leslie pearlman, edna pearson, william j. perriman, eulalie perry, ernest b. pinney, charles e. peverill, clarence r. pittock, raymond b. pitts, phyllis polson, cynthia b. power, bessie puzey, john m. punshon, evelyn a.v. ramsay, robert i ramsay, william a. rattray, drawing for builders and artisans, george h. reed, fred reeves, mavis i. regelhuth, george r. renkin, annie e. reynolds, lizzie rice, eileen l. richards, henry c. riegelhuth, gladys m. riley, charles a. rimmington, amy robson, ernest w. robson, florence a. rogers, dorothy rppney, kathleen rooney, hugh n. ross, stella m. rowe, agnes w. ryan, rosaling e. sage, cora sandberg, eric c. sanders, douglas f. scott, sylvia e. selkirk, dorine a. shearer, gladys sheldon, emily e. simper, veri slattery, florence c. smith, hilda m. spencer, rose spiers, mopna g. spiller, alma m. stapleton, joyce w. stark, marcus m. stone, commercial correspondence, beatrice m. stuart, ena v. sullivan, margaret a. sydes, rita tainsh, norman b. tamlyn, arthur w. thane, alma m. thomas, david e. thomas, william h. thompson, william m. thomas, edgatr j.t. tippett, sidnet tippett, gladys tongway, mavis toop, hugh d. trainor, annie e. treloar, john h. treloar, eilleen trumain, linda f. treewk, percival a. trompf, percy trompf, jean tunbridge, ruth e. tunbridge, allan j. twaits, irene m. utting, elizabeth van beek, william a. wade, agnes a. walker, james a. walker, vera v. aller, john walsh, marjorie walters, rex warrillow, edith watson, bernice e. webb, constance i weeks, ina m. westcott, pearl whan, violet wheeler, myrtle d. whitfield, annie whitl, richard l. whitla, charles f. whitla, grace a. wilcock, murray a. wilkie, andrew w. william, arthur williams, baden p. williams, david d. williams, grace f. williams, maude h. williams, mavis m. williams, james williamson, ivy wilson, hector g wilson, frederick w.r. wilson, david s. wood

In 1972 prefects of the Ballarat Technical School were dispensed of replaced by Form Captains,Blue soft covered magazine with numerous small portraits. ballarat school of mines, ballarat junior technical school, ballarat technical school, kevin murray, b. bogicevic, k. scull, j. hennessy, f. sordello, c. plumb, r. lawless, heather durant, b. scott, k. barry, r. mcfarlane, g. pike, a. pesart, r. hazlett, g. reeve, a. peart, f. bishop, g. campbell, t. mccue, g. snibson, s. bessan, george lewis, e. quillam, e. raker, m. palmer, b. knipe, bob sabo, g. petrie, f. reus, charles brown, j. llewellyn, g. hulston, g. murphy, h. niesler, s. wilson, brian hetherington, murray robertson, brad johns, ian murray, peter donald, ian cox, philip spiers, john stewart, smythesdale camp, peter elliott, hepburn springs, mount franklin, stephen sargent, alan strange, mark foord, wayne saunders, colin newitt, noel young, martin owen, robert pearce, david peverill, peter gallagher, greg giles, colin brown, dary; crawley, keit eastwell, ian eustice, craig bodey, greg eason, russel madin, trevor remington, glenn mcgregor, simon higgins, geoff wilson, colin young, ron taylor, joyce lewis, alex maksacheff, john bainbridge

This is a Victorian salt glazed stoneware ink bottle. These types of bottles were mass produced in England by potteries such as Bourne Denby or Lovatt and Lovatt (both of Derbyshire). Unfortunately, this bottle doesn't have a maker's mark. Pen and ink has been in use for handwriting from about the seventh century up until the mid-20th century. Up until around the mid-19th century a quill pen made from a bird’s feather was used. In the 1850s the steel point pen was invented and could be manufactured on machines in large quantities. In the 1880s a successful portable fountain pen was designed, giving a smooth flowing ink and ease of use replacing the quill or dip pen. It was salvaged from the Loch Ard along with many smaller versions called "penny ink wells". The ship Loch Ard was built on the River Clyde in Scotland in 1873 for the prestigious Loch Line of colonial clipper ships, designed for the Australian run. It sailed from England on 1 March 1878 carrying 37 crew, 17 passengers and a diverse general cargo ranging from luxury items to bulk railway iron. On 1 June 1878, emerging from fog and hearing too late the sound of breakers against the tall limestone cliffs, the vessel struck the southern foot of Mutton Bird Island and sank in 23 metres of water. Of the fifty-four people on board only two survived, one young male crewman, Tom Pearce, and one young female passenger, Eva Carmichael. This ink bottle was given to George Shields - a member of the Shields family who have had a long association with the wreck of the Loch Ard. In 1878, following the wreck of the Loch Ard and the subsequent rescue of Eva Carmichael, Eva was taken to Glenample station (near Princetown) to recuperate. It was during this period that Eva became great friends with Jane Shields (an Aunt of George Shields) - a friendship that continued throughout their lives. At that time, Jane was a young woman living in Princetown with her parents and siblings. Many of the Shields family continued to have a great interest in the Loch Ard and several generations of the family are buried in the Loch Ard cemetery.This ink well is historically significant as it represents methods of hand written communication that were still common up until the mid-20th century, when fountain pens and ballpoint pens took over in popularity and convenience. The shipwreck of the Loch Ard is of significance for Victoria and is registered on the Victorian Heritage Register ( S 417). Flagstaff Hill has a varied collection of artefact's from Loch Ard and its collection is significant for being one of the largest accumulation of artefact's from this notable Victorian shipwreck of which the subject items are a small part. The collection's objects give us a snapshot of how we can interpret the story of this tragic event. The collection is also archaeologically significant as it represents aspects of Victoria's shipping history that allows us to interpret Victoria's social and historical themes of the time. Through is associated with the worst and best-known shipwreck in Victoria's history.Brown, cylindrical shaped, salt glazed stoneware ink bottle with straight sides and a slightly fluted neck and round opening. The bottle has a thin raised circular line in the middle of the shoulder and two parallel lines (about 23 mm from the shoulder) around the body of the vessel. Another line (about 10 mm from the parallel lines) appear to be for the placement of a label. There is a remnant of masking tape attached to the back of the bottle and some flaking and chipping on the stoneware. No maker's mark can be seen.flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, warrnambool, great ocean road, shipwreck coast, loch ard, shields family, jane shields, ink well, ink bottle, stoneware, stone glazed ink bottle, loch ard artefact

This bottle was made at the Dundas Pottery Works, in Glasgow, Scotland and recovered from the shipwreck of the Loch Ard. Stoneware bottles similar to this one were in common use during the mid-to-late 19th century. They were used to store and transport beverages like ginger beer, porter or stout. The bottles were handmade using either a potter's wheel or in moulds such as a plaster mould, which gave the bottles uniformity in size and shape. The bottle would then be fired and glazed in a hot kiln. Makers often identified their bottles with the impression of a small symbol or adding a colour to the mouth. The manufacturer usually stamped their bottles with their name and logo, and sometimes a message that the bottle remained their property and should be returned to them. The bottles could then be cleaned and refilled. DUNDAS POTTERY WORKS - The Dundas Pottery works were established in 1828 by William Johnstone in partnership with John Forsyth and John Mc Coll. Located where the Forth and Clyde Canal joined the Monkland Canal, North of Glasgow. Johnstone sold the pottery in 1835 to Robert Cochran and James Couper. Mc Coll was retained as manager until 1837when in 1839 Cochran & Couper sold the pottery and purchased the St Rollex Glass Works. George Duncan took over briefly but died in 1841, with the pottery possibly being run by his widow Helen and a potter named Alexander Paul. James Miller was the manager at the time and he bought the pottery in 1856, in partnership with John Moody. Miller's long and careful stewardship of the pottery saw success from the export market which allowed him to purchase the North British pottery in 1867 until 1874 when it was sold. In 1875, Miller, in partnership with John Young, leased part of Caledonian Pottery, naming it Crown Pottery, however, it burned down in 1879. In the early 1880s, Young extended the pottery and named it Milton Pottery. Miller’s son, James W., became a partner in Milton pottery in 1905. James Miller Snr died in 1905 and the company continued as a limited liability company, being sold to the Borax Consolidation Ltd in 1929, but it was unsuccessful and Possil pottery purchased some of the company's equipment before it finally closed in 1932. From 1828 until the James Miller period of circa 1856, the pottery produced salt-glazed stoneware for the local industrial trade; mainly bottles and drain pipes. James Miller produced various bottles, whisky and acid jars, casks, butter crocks, jam jars and domestic wares in Bristol glaze. He streamlined the water filter manufacturing, which had become a specialty of the pottery, and a dedicated section of the pottery was created solely for their production, which was exported worldwide. It was salvaged from the Loch Ard. The ship Loch Ard was built on the River Clyde in Scotland in 1873 for the prestigious Loch Line of colonial clipper ships, designed for the Australian run. It sailed from England on 1 March 1878 carrying 37 crew, 17 passengers and a diverse general cargo ranging from luxury items to bulk railway iron. On 1 June 1878, emerging from fog and hearing too late the sound of breakers against the tall limestone cliffs, the vessel struck the southern foot of Mutton Bird Island and sank in 23 metres of water. Of the fifty-four people on board only two survived, one young male crewman, Tom Pearce, and one young female passenger, Eva Carmichael. This ink bottle was given to George Shields - a member of the Shields family who have had a long association with the wreck of the Loch Ard. In 1878, following the wreck of the Loch Ard and the subsequent rescue of Eva Carmichael, Eva was taken to Glenample station (near Princetown) to recuperate. It was during this period that Eva became great friends with Jane Shields (an Aunt of George Shields) - a friendship that continued throughout their lives. At that time, Jane was a young woman living in Princetown with her parents and siblings. Many of the Shields family continued to have a great interest in the Loch Ard and several generations of the family are buried in the Loch Ard cemetery.This stoneware bottle is historically significant for its manufacture and use in trade and transport in the late 19th to the early 20th century. This bottle is historically significant for its connection with the well-known stoneware manufacturers, Dundas Pottery of Glasgow, Scotland. The shipwreck of the Loch Ard is of significance for Victoria and is registered on the Victorian Heritage Register ( S 417). Flagstaff Hill has a varied collection of artefact's from Loch Ard and its collection is significant for being one of the largest accumulation of artefact's from this notable Victorian shipwreck of which the subject items are a small part. The collection's objects give us a snapshot of how we can interpret the story of this tragic event. The collection is also archaeologically significant as it represents aspects of Victoria's shipping history that allows us to interpret Victoria's social and historical themes of the time. Through is associated with the worst and best-known shipwreck in Victoria's history.A beige coloured,salt glazed stoneware bottle with gently tapered sides and a speckled finish. It has two narrow channels around the neck and is missing a stopper. Two 8.5 centimetre pieces of tape, with very faded writing, are stuck horizontally on the side of the bottle. The bottom of the bottle has brown discolouration. It has an oval shaped stamp with a makers' name and location on bottom side of bottle.On tape - "STONE BOTTLE SALVAGED / FROM WRECK OF LOCH ARD/ SUNK NEAR PORT CAMPBELL/ ? 1878" "1624 TNS SAILING SHIP / ONLY 2 SURVIVORS OUT OF / 54 PEOPLE ON BOARD/ NOW KNOWN AS LOCH ARD GORGE" Stamp - "PORT DUNDAS POTTERY / GLASGOW" Symbol - Stamp square with "D"flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, warrnambool, great ocean road, shipwreck coast, loch ard, stoneware bottle, port dundas pottery, shields family, ginger beer bottle, loch ard salvage, loch ard artefact

The Loch Ard was the last sailing ship to lose emigrants' lives when negotiating the entrance to Bass Strait. The ship Loch Ard was built on the River Clyde in Scotland in 1873 for the prestigious Loch Line of colonial clipper ships, designed for the Australian run. It sailed from England on 1 March 1878 carrying 37 crew, 17 passengers and a diverse general cargo ranging from luxury items to bulk railway iron. On 1 June 1878, emerging from fog and hearing too late the sound of breakers against the tall limestone cliffs, the vessel struck the southern foot of Mutton Bird Island and sank in 23 metres of water. Of the fifty-four people on board only two survived, one young male crewman, Tom Pearce, and one young female passenger, Eva Carmichael. This newspaper advertisement was donated by the family of George Shields - a member of the Shields family who had had a long association with the wreck of the Loch Ard and Eva Carmichael. In 1878, following the wreck of the Loch Ard and the subsequent rescue of Eva Carmichael, Eva was taken to Glenample station (near Princetown) to recuperate. It was during this period that Eva became great friends with Jane Shields (an Aunt of George Shields) - a friendship that continued throughout their lives. At that time, Jane was a young woman living in Princetown with her parents and siblings. Many of the Shields family continued to have a great interest in the Loch Ard and several generations of the family are buried in the Loch Ard cemetery. One of the most unlikely pieces of cargo to have survived the shipwreck was a Minton porcelain peacock - one of only nine in the world. The peacock was destined for the Melbourne International Exhibition in 1880. It had been well packed, which gave it adequate protection during the violent storm. Today, the Minton peacock can be seen at the Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum in Warrnambool. From Australia's most dramatic shipwreck it has now become Australia's most valuable shipwreck artefact and is one of very few 'objects' on the Victorian State Heritage Register. The Victorian History Advisory Council decided 1978 was an appropriate year to mark, not only the centenary of the sinking of the Loch Ard in 1878, but also commemorate the large part played by sailing ships in immigration, and through this, the development of Australia. The Victorian Government authorised the commemoration and a "Loch Ard Centenary Committee" was formed. It was established to create public interest and awareness for the 100th anniversary of the tragic Loch Ard shipwreck. Activities and events included student essays, exhibitions, videos, publications, competitions and historical information. A booklet called "Settlers Under Sail" by Don Charlwood was commissioned to be made available to all school children, a memorial plaque (erected by The National Park) was unveiled at Loch Ard Gorge, a special "Loch Ard Shipwreck Centennial Port Campbell" postmark was issued by the Post Office and a model ship competition was held. Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village, together with other local towns and shires along the south-west coast participated in many of these commemorative activities. The Chair of the Loch Ard Century Committee (Sir John Holland) approached the "Scuba Divers Federation of Victoria" to "seek and recover a significant relic from the Loch Ard" with the idea of having it available for public display at Port Campbell. The SDFV enlisted the help of the VSAG (Victorian Sub Aqua Group) with a contingent of nineteen divers participating in the salvage which took place over the weekend of 11th and 12th March 1978. The anchor was placed in the custody of the expert conservators at Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village to be cleaned, and eighteen months later was returned to Port Campbell. This newspaper article was one of many reports and descriptions of events that took place during the Centennial Commemoration of the sinking of the Loch Ard. This newspaper article is a significant reminder (and recognition) of the importance the Loch Ard (and other immigrant ships) played in the settling of Victoria and the dangers faced by the settlers who came to Australia in these ships. Flagstaff Hill’s collection of artefacts from LOCH ARD is significant for being one of the largest collections of artefacts from this shipwreck in Victoria. It is significant for its association with the shipwreck, which is on the Victorian Heritage Register (VHR S417). The collection is significant because of the relationship between the objects, as together they have a high potential to interpret the story of the LOCH ARD. The LOCH ARD collection is archaeologically significant as the remains of a large international passenger and cargo ship. The LOCH ARD collection is historically significant for representing aspects of Victoria’s shipping history and its potential to interpret sub-theme 1.5 of Victoria’s Framework of Historical Themes (living with natural processes). The collection is also historically significant for its association with the LOCH ARD, which was one of the worst and best-known shipwrecks in Victoria’s history.A newspaper cutting taken from a Victorian newspaper (possibly the Herald) printed in March 1978, describing the salvaging of the anchor from the wreck of the Loch Ard near Port Campbell. The cutting has two tears (that have sticky tape on them) and the paper is yellowed with age. The article (written by Rosemary Williams) has an old black and white photograph of the Loch Ard, two large print headings and two colomns of text. The article has been cut out of a larger page and also contains parts of other articles and an advertisement."ANCHOR AWEIGH!" "Loch Ard /gives up/ a relic" Plus two colomns of text describing the raising of the anchor by a team of divers.flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, warrnambool, great ocean road, shipwreck coast, loch ard, loch ard centennial, loch ard anchor, port campbell, loch ard salvage, scuba divers, scuba divers federation of victoria, victorian sub aqua group

Aspects of World War Two including stories and photographs of soldiers from the Bayswater area of Victoria, compiled by George F. Ward in 1997. Pictured on the front cover: Norman Pearce and Angus Gerlach on Bayswater Railway Station Circa 1942.

This is a booklet containing an epic-style poem by Alice Goldstraw on the subject of the wreck of the ‘Loch Ard’. Alice Goldstraw (died 1967) was the daughter of George and Robina Goldstraw who were pioneer farmers in the Cudgee area. The Goldstraw families were prominent in the early history of Warrnambool and district, especially as timber millers. The ‘Loch Ard’ wreck (1878, Mutton Bird Island near Port Campbell) is Victoria’s most famous wreck – 51 lives lost with only two survivors. The story of the survivors, Eva Carmichael and Tom Pearce has legendary status in the stories of shipwrecks in Victoria and has been the subject of articles, songs, poems, plays, novels and films. This booklet is of great significance because it is a well-written poem by Alice Goldstraw, a member of a pioneer family in the Cudgee area. It is a notable early poem about the wreck of the ‘Loch Ard’ which has attracted much interest in the Warrnambool area and beyond. Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum in Warrnambool specializes in promoting stories of this wreck and features many relics of the wreck in its collection – the Loch Ard Peacock, the Carmichael watch, the Tom Peace binoculars etc. The laser night show at this Museum currently features the story of the wreck. Original copies of this poem are now rare.This is a soft cover booklet of 20 pages containing a poem about the wreck of the ‘Loch Ard’. The cover is cream-coloured with the front cover having blue print and a sepia-coloured photograph of the Loch Ard Gorge. The booklet has a page of photographs connected to the ‘Loch Ard’ and an ornamental black border around each page of the stanzas. The front cover is somewhat blotched and stained. The booklet has been stapled but the staples have been removed.poetry, loch ard shipwreck, warrnambool authors, alice goldstraw, warrnambool history