Miss Evelyn Jensen was born in 1908 near Mytleford Road in Beechworth. Miss Jensen was a twin but she also had twelve brothers and sisters. Miss Jensen went to school when she was nine years old but did not enjoy it. Her father was a nozzleman and had a role in finding and collecting gold. More specifically, a nozzleman operated a steel barrel with an interchangeable brass nozzle that sprayed high pressure water onto rock and similar surfaces. This broke down the surface for gold to be found. Unfortunately, when he began most of the gold was already gone. Miss Jensen's mother died when Miss Jensen was sixteen. As a result, Miss Jensen had to take care of the children and run the house. This included looking after a few months old baby. Her father was away at work most days so all of the responsibility fell on her. Her grandmother was present but she was too old to help Miss Jensen. Miss Jensen and her family lived a very long way from the main town and often had to carry kerosene tins full of water half a mile to their house. This was because they have no access to water at their home. This lack of water also meant they had to either bathe in the creek or carry the water back home for a bath. On wash day, they washed their clothes in the creek too. Miss Jensen never married but continued to provide for her family. She spent her days gardening and cooking. They did not have much money so gardening was a way that they provided food for themselves. This oral history recording was part of a project conducted by Jennifer Williams in the year 2000 to capture the everyday life and struggles in Beechworth during the twentieth century. This project involved recording seventy oral histories on cassette tapes of local Beechworth residents which were then published in a book titled: Listen to what they say: voices of twentieth century Beechworth. These cassette tapes were digitised in July 2021 with funds made available by the Friends of the Burke.Miss Jensen's oral history is significant because it demonstrates the struggles of living remotely during this early part of the twentieth century. When Miss Jensen's mother died, she had to take on a lot of responsibility and did not have much support. This history sheds light on these struggles of being a young caregiver but it also gives details on how large families lived in isolated places. An example of this is the way that Miss Jensen often had to do the washing in the creek because that was the only place there was running water. In addition, Miss Jensen's story is significant because her father was a nozzleman. It indicates one of the processes was used to find gold. This oral history account is socially and historically significant as it is a part of a broader collection of interviews conducted by Jennifer Williams which were published in the book 'Listen to what they say: voices of twentieth-century Beechworth.' While the township of Beechworth is known for its history as a gold rush town, these accounts provide a unique insight into the day-to-day life of the town's residents during the 20th century, many of which will have now been lost if they had not been preserved.This is a digital copy of a recording that was originally captured on a cassette tape. The cassette tape is black with a horizontal white strip and is currently stored in a clear flat plastic rectangular container. It holds up 40 minutes of recordings on each sideEvelyn Jensen /mytleford road, beechworth, three mile creek, three mile beechworth, twin, nozzleman, goldrush, gold rush, work, mother, young mother, children, siblings, baby, grandmother, father, isolation, bush, water, watertanks, kerosene tins, wash day, bath day, creek, gardening, provide, poor, money, oral history, twentieth century, recording, story

sculpture, australian artist, female artist, alien, young family, family, mother, motherhood, babies, baby, feeding, genetic modification

DAWSON FAMILY PHOTOGRAPH. DAWSON FAMILY LIVED IN ALBERT STREET, CLUNES FOR MANY YEARS.PHOTOGRAPH OF DAWSON FAMILY (FATHER AND TWO YOUNG CHILDREN) (MOTHER PHYSICALLY CROPPED OUT)local history, photography, photographs, dawson family.

Black & White 'Yeoman & Co 47 Chapel St Prahan Instantaneous Photograph' printed on portrait photograph. Pencilled caption Mrs Stephen Dalton with question mark on reverse. Young mother holding baby. Voluminous period dress with baby dress also noteworthy. Child wearing sandals with slotted button straps. Child holding whip. Excellent photo resolution.Yeoman & Co 47 Chapel St Prahran.photograph, person, female and baby

Black and white postcard showing slab bark house belonging to Northrope family. Photograph shows Mr Northrope sitting in front reading a newspaper, Mrs Northrope sitting in a chair, young mother and baby in doorway, boy with dog on grass. Climbing rose over window. Bark roofing overhanging wall held down with logs. All glass windows. Lake Bunga VictoriaThe Homestead Lake Bunga Vicgenealogy, historic site

The Smithy job is very important in any town or settlement, horses need shoeing reguarly, and drays, carts and jinkers need their Tires replaced or tightened, also their are many other jobs that they perform.Negative Black white Scanned at 600 dpi. "Smithy Workshop Millgrove" In the immediate and far background is the bush, central to this is the Smithys Workshop, it has a pailing roof and walls, there is a door left front, to the left above the dray wheel is a young man milking a brown and white cow, front left is the dray, with a young boy standing between the dray shafts holding a horse, next is a young Mother with a little girl, next to her is Dad with a hat and apron, he is the Smithy, he is holding a horse still with its yoke on, next is an older man wearing a suit and hat, holding a horse still yoked and harnessed, behind them is another horse near the workshop door, next is a horse yoked and harnessed to another horse and behind that is a sawn load of timber, next to the last horse is a man holding it, he is dressed with a vest and shirt sleeves and hat, at the end of the workshop is a lean-to shed which is probably the dunny, behind the load of timber there is a building with a 4 pane window and making an L shape another building, they appear to be on stumps , roof line is not distinguishable, the horses all seem like "Clydsdales".blacksmith, horses, millgrove, smithy, workshop, shed, cart sandy ross

Photograph black & white, Bert Graham Collection, Annual Club Picnic 1961, Lake Jubilee, Daylesford. A Mother's & Daughters race and looking for their shoes. 2 menlooking from the left, and another two and a young boy near the mothers.bendigo, clubs, bendigo east swimming club

These are the 4 surviving daughters of Thomas Henry Deakin (1845-1915), born in Monmouthshire, Wales and his wife Janet (Jessie) Longmore (1851-1939), born in Morayshire, Scotland. The couple also had 2 sons: John Henry (1879-1962) and William Andrew (1883-1939). A fifth daughter Daisy Jessie was born in 1880 and died the same year at the age of 7 months. Elsie Longmore Deakin (1881-1969) was a nurse ans remained single; Minnie Winifred (1886-1966) married Charles Williamson in 1923; Lily Vipond (1890-1943) married David Mair in 1910 and Jessie Alice, known as Alice, married Hector Williamson in 1921. Hector and Charles were brothers. Elsie Longmore Deakin enlisted AANS aged 35 years in 10 May 1915; embarked on the Mooltan on 22 August 1916. Address : 114 Station Street, Fairfield, Next of kin : mother, Mrs Janet Deakin (nee Longmore), 114 Station Street, Fairfield, father, Thomas Henry Deakin Elsie Deakin enlisted at 35 years of age on 10 May, 1915 and served locally before volunteering for overseas duty on 9 August, 1916. Her three years of training were completed at the Melbourne General Hospital. She embarked with the rank of Sister for India and was appointed to the Victoria Hospital, Bombay. In January, 1917, when she was transferred to England and a Military Hospital at Bagthorpe later to the 1 Australian Auxiliary Hospital, and in January of the following years to 25 (British) GH in France but returned a few weeks later to England and the 1 AAH after suffering a seriously strained left ankle. She returned to France post-war and served another four months before being returned to Australia in May, 1919. Her appointment was terminated as medically unfit on 9 June, 1919. Born South Melbourne, she died in Elsternwick on 14 October, 1969, aged 87. (REF: http://www.ozsportshistory.com/wardeaths/women_a_e.html) There is a photo of her in uniform on this site and also on http://ww1nurses.gravesecrets.net/de.html LtoR: Alice, Minnie, Lily, Elsie. This is part of a large donation relating to the Deakin, Mair and Young families. The donor thought this was taken during the 1950s but the Kodak stamp identifies it as later.This is part of a large collection of material related to the Deakin, Mair and Young families with multiple connections to Surrey Hills and Mont Albert.A colour photo with a cream edge of 3 well-dressed women sitting on a public bench in what looks to be a park. All are wearing hats and carrying handbags. Two are wearing gloves. On rear in blue biro - "Aunties / Elsie Minnie & Alice / Mum's RIGHT TO LEFT In black biro) / Beryl / YOUNG / My Mothers Sisters / (Lily Vipond Deakin / MAIR." Some of the handwriting is thought to be that of the donor's mother, Beryl Mair. There may be another hand. It appears that not all the inscriptions were added at the same time. There is also a photographic processing stamp in red: " THIS IS A / KODACHROME PRINT / Made by / KODAK / FEBRUARY 1964 M" elsie longmore deakin, minnie winifred deakin, minnie winifred williamson, lily vipond deakin, lily vipond mair, jessie alice deakin, alice deakin, jessie alice williamson, alice williamson

The RDNS Sister is visiting the mother and babe in their home. She is using sterile equipment and swabs to firstly moisten the tulle gras to enable ease of its removal before redressing the open areas on the babes skin with sterile dressings. With RDNS visiting the home of the mother, the young babes routine can continue to be established at home, rather than them having to regularly visit a Doctor or Hospital department for redressing of the babes lesions. The Trained nurses (Nurses) of the Melbourne District Nursing Society (MDNS), from its inception in 1885, provided wound care to their patients who ranged in age from the very young to the elderly. The patients required their wounds to be dressed following various types of surgery, accidents, burns, skin conditions, cancer, leg ulcers etc. As research developed better products and dressing materials, the methods and medication applied to wounds changed. MDNS received Royal patronage in 1966 and as Royal District Nursing Service (RDNS), the Education department developed wound care programs, such as the Leg Ulcer Management Program to provide their Trained nurses (Sisters) with methods of best quality care. They ran a program for Wound Care Specialists who made assessments and provided advice and support to the District Sisters working in the field as needed. The Sisters liaised with the patient’s Doctors and Hospitals to provide information on the progress of patient’s wounds and to receive any change of wound care from the Doctors. On the left in the black and white photograph is a Royal District Nursing Service (RDNS), Sister, who has short, straight blonde hair, and is wearing a white gown over her uniform is bending over a bassinet as she attends a baby with a skin condition. The Sister has her arms extended with a pair of forceps in her left hand, and in her right hand, another pair of forceps with a cotton wool swab attached is touching tulle gras on one of the wounds on the babes outstretched right arm. The baby is on her covered change table and is wearing a singlet and an opened patterned jumpsuit with her right upper area uncovered. Her mother, who has short dark hair and is wearing a dark sleeveless V neck tunic style frock over a light coloured long sleeve top, is behind and bending over the change table holding her babes right outstretched hand. She is also holding a dummy in that hand. The mother's left extended arm and hand is on the left shoulder of her babe. The baby, who has sparse hair, is looking up at her mother; signs of a skin condition can be seen on areas of the babes face and head.Photographer stamp. Quote No. DO 50royal district nursing service, rdns, rdns wound care

Vintage Australian book for the homemaker c1958. The book is published prior to granting of equal pay, affirmation of women's rights, acceptance of working mother and career woman as the norm . The book reinforces the socially accepted concept of the married homemaker and mother as perceived at the time, now the idealised concept is questioned. At the time of publication and reprints this book was envisaged to empower women. Whether' a teenager, career woman,a young married or mother' as a 'guide, philosopher, and friend' The editor Alleyne Jukes was born in Warrnambool to Charles and Mary Jukes of the Floral Farm Warrnambool. She attended Braemar Grammar School and Warrnambool High School. She lived and worked in Melbourne as a journalist and secretary living in St Kilda and Elsternwick 1949, Bentleigh 1954, Oakleigh 1963. In 1961 she gathered together a number of writers and consultants to produce Woman's World, a book designed as the woman's Bible to enable her to have access to expert advice and information about home and outside work fields.The book was hailed at the time at the time as the only work of its type produced entirely for Australian conditions and was an immediate success appealing to a wide range of readers. A similar subject book of smaller size and format has been sighted 'The People's Home Library', 1910 reprinted in 1923 by RC Barnum published by The Oceanic Publishing Company. A Library of three practical books, Medical 478 pp, Home Recipe 238 pp and Home Stock 315pp.This book is a guide for everything from how to answer a telephone correctly to sorting out marital problems. A reference guide for how to be a complete and successful young woman. Courses on Beauty, Fashion, Poise and Personality, Cooking,Every Wise Woman, Love and Marriage, The Home, The Family and Interests and Hobbies. This book has significance for Warrnambool as Alleyne Jukes was born in Warrnambool and has strong family connections to the district.A hardback reference book 'Woman's World' with a cream vinyl binding of flecked fabric outside cover and spine. Gold gilt lettering for the title and a gold gilt rose motif on the front; gold gilt lettering and publisher's name on the spine; plain back cover. The endpapers are repeated of black and white pen ink drawings showing the roles of women on varying splashes of a vairety of mono-coloured backgrounds. A general index on page 602 plus cooking index page 606 and dressmaking and sewing index page 607. The 607 pages are printed on thick, gloss white paper for 64 pages and coarser, white matt paper for the remainder. The table of contents lists a pictorial Introduction and nine chapters (courses) 'that is a 'bible' to the woman 'cares' and is vital to her as her femininity'. The editor has a heading "WOMAN" The Unacknowledged Specialist" and signed with her printed signature...Alleyne Jukes.' No dedication included although a text from Proverbs.alleyne m jukes, woman, self improvement, 'bible', warrnambool

A baby bottle is a bottle with a rubber or latex teat attached so that baby can drink directly from it by sucking on the teat. It is typically used by infants and young children ,when a mother does not breastfeed, to feed infant formula, expressed breast milk or paediatric electrolyte solution. Australian Glass Manufacturers produced glass bottles for pharmacy, brewery, dairy and domestic use 1913 – 1970 . Melbourne Glass Bottle Works Co Pty Ltd Registered in Victoria in 1903 amalgamated with the Waterloo Glass Bottle Works Ltd in 1915 to form Australian Glass Manufacturers Company, Limited. .Melbourne Glass Bottle Works Spotswood 1872- 1970 comprising a complex of buildings constructed between 1880 and 1940, (at Booker Street, Douglas Parade, 2-38 Hudson Road, Raleigh Street and Simcock Avenue, Spotswood ) originally made bottles for druggists Felton Grimwade before it was sold to the State Government by US multinational, OI glass manufacturers. . The Baby feeding bottle has graduated markings in 1- 6 ounces which shows that it was made prior to the introduction of Decimal Currency in Australia 14/2/1966. A clear glass feeding bottle. It is 'banana shaped' and open both ends with graduated measurements - 1-6 ouncesAGEE/ THE PERFECT FEEDING BOTTLE / OUNCES 1-6* bottles, feeding bottles, infants, breastfeeding, moorabbin, bentleigh, ormond cheltenham, glass, australian glass manufacturing company ltd, decimal currency, imperial measurements, ounces, milk, dairy, baby formulae,

The flag was donated by Mrs A. M. Mitchell Craigwood Convalescent Hospital Como WA "This flag was made by my Grandmother, Elizabeth Nicholls nee Tallack. It was used as a decoration to welcome Lord Hopeton (Hopetown) to Sandford sometime previous to 1883, when he was still a Viscount. I can't remember his name. No doubt Mr H.K. Kahan is no doubt quite correct in these dates and could find no record of the earlier visit. My mother Phillippa was a young girl at the time and sang at the concert in his honor "Will ye no come back again". It must have been before 1883 because in that year at the age of 18 she married. After the concert he asked that the young lady and her mother be presented. Next day he came to afternoon tea. A great honor in those days". Phillippa Tallack Nicholls was born 1865, Sandford, and married in 1883 to Patrick Maguire. (Digger Pioneer Index 1836 to 1888). There was a Royal Visit in 1881 by the Duke of Clarence and the Duke of York and their party to the district and this appears to be the visit that Mrs Mitchell is referring to. In 2005, Casterton and District Historical Society Inc. donated the flag to the Glenelg Shire Council Cultural Collection for the citizens of Casterton.Five 5-pointed stars forming the constellation of the Southern Cross on a field of royal blue. Four strips of red cloth edged in white form a Union Jack design in the upper left corner. Mounted on white cotton backing, under perspex in timber frame.flag, ensign, pre-federation

This is a photograph of Lake Kerferd in Beechworth taken in the late nineteenth or early twentieth centuries. It depicts two women, two young boys and four young girls standing in front of the lake. The women seem to be either the mothers or caregivers of the children. This photograph is significant because it depicts a group of people enjoying a outing at Lake Kerferd. This demonstrates that Lake Kerferd was a place of enjoyment for the people that lived in Beechworth during this time period. Lake Kerferd itself was also Beechworth's main water supply. This makes it very important to the community who lived there. Sepia rectangular postcard printed on paperObverse: Lake Kerferd Beechworth / wade / Reverse: Postcard / 5568 / This space may be used for correspondence / (For Address Only) /children, lake kerferd, lake, sepia photograph, photograph, beechworth, mothers, young girls, young boy, trees, caregivers, victoria, outing

This was knitted by Marjorie Burton during WW11 in England. She used to knit while in an air raid shelter escaping the bombing with her young daughter. Marjorie Burton ( nee Whiteman), born 12 June, in Birmingham, England came to Orbost in 1995. In England she did office work – typing, shorthand and secretarial work - in accountants’ offices and also trained as a comptometrist with Burroughs in London. She came from middle-class working church-going family. Her mother was a milliner who mad all of Marjorie’s clothes, hats and outfits. Marjorie married in 1938 to a salesman who later became a mechanic in the R.A.F. during WW11. Her father served in Civil Defence during the war. Marjorie was in Birmingham during the war and remembered sheltering with her young daughter, Anne (Quaadgras) in the air raid shelter during bombing. This was knitted by Marjorie Burton during WW11 in England. She used to knit while in an air raid shelter escaping the bombing with her young daughter. This item is an example of a handcrafted item and reflects the handcraft skills of women necessary during WW11 when clothing became scarce. Clothes rationing began on June 1, 1941, two years after food rationing started. Clothes rationing ended on 15 March 1949.A brown cotton hand-knitted lacy jumper. it is a long-sleeved lady'e jumper with a tea-coloured crocheted collar sewn on. On each shoulder are two brown buttons.knitting jumper handcraft ww11 burton-marjorie

Marjorie Burton ( nee Whiteman), born 12 June, in Birmingham, England came to Orbost in 1995. In England she did office work – typing, shorthand and secretarial work - in accountants’ offices and also trained as a comptometrist with Burroughs in London. She came from middle-class working church-going family. Her mother was a milliner who mad all of Marjorie’s clothes, hats and outfits. Marjorie married in 1938 to a salesman who later became a mechanic in the R.A.F. during WW11. Her father served in Civil Defence during the war. Marjorie was in Birmingham during the war and remembered sheltering with her young daughter, Anne (Quaadgras) in the air raid shelter during bombing. This was knitted by Marjorie Burton during WW11 in England. She used to knit while in an air raid shelter escaping the bombing with her young daughter. This item is an example of a handcrafted item and reflects the handcraft skills of women necessary during WW11 when clothing became scarce. Clothes rationing began on June 1, 1941, two years after food rationing started. Clothes rationing ended on 15 March 1949. This item is an example of a handcrafted item and reflects the handcraft skills of women necessary during WW11 when clothing became scarce. Clothes rationing began on June 1, 1941, two years after food rationing started. Clothes rationing ended on 15 March 1949.A brown hand-knitted lacy cotton jumper. It is a long-sleeved lady's jumper and has 4 brown buttons on each shoulder opening.knitting jumper handcraft burton-marjorie ww11

This was knitted by Marjorie Burton during WW11 in England. She used to knit while in an air raid shelter escaping the bombing with her young daughter. Marjorie Burton ( nee Whiteman), born 12 June, in Birmingham, England came to Orbost in 1995. In England she did office work – typing, shorthand and secretarial work - in accountants’ offices and also trained as a comptometrist with Burroughs in London. She came from middle-class working church-going family. Her mother was a milliner who made most of Marjorie’s clothes, hats and outfits. Marjorie married in 1938 to a salesman who later became a mechanic in the R.A.F. during WW11. Her father served in Civil Defence during the war. Marjorie was in Birmingham during the war and remembered sheltering with her young daughter, Anne (Quaadgras) in the air raid shelter during bombing. This item is an example of a handcrafted item and reflects the handcraft skills of women necessary during WW11 when clothing became scarce. Clothes rationing began on June 1, 1941, two years after food rationing started. Clothes rationing ended on 15 March 1949.Two hand-knitted lady's vests(singlets). Both have been knitted from left over wools. Both have crocheted necklines and ribbon straps and are fitted styles. 2483.12 is red and grey with a V neck. 2483.13 is pink, grey and blue with a V neck.ww11 knitwear handcraft nightgown sleepwear burton-marjorie

Marjorie Burton ( nee Whiteman), born 12 June, in Birmingham, England came to Orbost in 1995. In England she did office work – typing, shorthand and secretarial work - in accountants’ offices and also trained as a comptometrist with Burroughs in London. She came from middle-class working church-going family. Her mother was a milliner who made all of Marjorie’s clothes, hats and outfits. Marjorie married in 1938 to a salesman who later became a mechanic in the R.A.F. during WW11. Her father served in Civil Defence during the war. Marjorie was in Birmingham during the war and remembered sheltering with her young daughter, Anne (Quaadgras) in the air raid shelter during bombing. These items are examples of handcrafted items and reflect the handcraft skills of women necessary during WW11 when clothing became scarce. Clothes rationing began on June 1, 1941, two years after food rationing started. Clothes rationing ended on 15 March 1949.Six pairs of ladies' gloves. 2483.16 is a white crocheted cotton pair. 2483.17 is a light tan knitted woolen pair. 2483.18 is a brown crocheted cotton pair. 2483.19 is an ecru crocheted cotton pair. 2483.20 is a black leather pair and 2483.21 is a brown leather pair. women's-accessories gloves crochet knitting burton-marjorie

Marjorie Burton ( nee Whiteman), born 12 June, in Birmingham, England came to Orbost in 1995. In England she did office work – typing, shorthand and secretarial work - in accountants’ offices and also trained as a comptometrist with Burroughs in London. She came from middle-class working church-going family. Her mother was a milliner who made all of Marjorie’s clothes, hats and outfits. Marjorie married in 1938 to a salesman who later became a mechanic in the R.A.F. during WW11. Her father served in Civil Defence during the war. Marjorie was in Birmingham during the war and remembered sheltering with her young daughter, Anne (Quaadgras) in the air raid shelter during bombing. These items are examples of handcrafted items and reflect the handcraft skills of women during the early 20th century.Two hand-made nightcaps. 2483.22 is a fine ecru coloured net with a pink trim. 2483.23 is made of lace and ribbon and edged with a crochet band. It is blue and pink with a pale green ribbon.hand-made nightcap sleepwear clothing

This was knitted by Marjorie Burton during WW11 in England. She used to knit while in an air raid shelter escaping the bombing with her young daughter. Marjorie Burton ( nee Whiteman), born 12 June, in Birmingham, England came to Orbost in 1995. In England she did office work – typing, shorthand and secretarial work - in accountants’ offices and also trained as a comptometrist with Burroughs in London. She came from a middle-class, working, church-going family. Her mother was a milliner who mademany of Marjorie’s clothes, hats and outfits. Marjorie married in 1938 to a salesman who later became a mechanic in the R.A.F. during WW11. Her father served in Civil Defence during the war. Marjorie was in Birmingham during the war and remembered sheltering with her young daughter, Anne (Quaadgras) in the air raid shelter during bombing. This item is an example of a handcrafted item and reflects the handcraft skills of women necessary during WW11 when clothing became scarce. Clothes rationing began on June 1, 1941, two years after food rationing started. Clothes rationing ended on 15 March 1949.A narrow, detachable hand-knitted lady's collar. It is hand-knitted in white brushed wool.women's -clothing accessory burton-marjorie

The darning mushroom would have been an essential tool in an era when women were constantly repairing worn socks.Before the common use of synthetic materials, socks and other items of clothing were in constant need of repair. Darning would have been considered a necessary skill for girls and young women, part of their education as future wives and mothers. The mushroom was used to make repairs to clothing and bed linen.This darning tool was an essential item in 19th and early 20th century household as self-reliant women often had to make and repair all their clothing.A mushroom-shaped piece of smooth wood used to stretch and support material being darned.darning-mushroom needlework handicraft domestic

Four species of quoll occur in Australia: the northern, spotted-tailed, eastern and western quolls. Once, most parts of Australia were inhabited by at least one of the species.Captain Cook collected quolls along the east coast in 1770, and recorded "quoll" as their local Aboriginal name. Quolls were often seen by early settlers, who called them "native cat", "native polecat" and "spotted marten", names based on familiar European animals. Since 1770, all four species have declined dramatically in numbers. This is mainly because of habitat loss or change across Australia, and introduced predators such as foxes and cats. Quolls are carnivorous marsupials with a pointed snout, a long tail and brown to black fur distinctively spotted with white. They are lively, attractive animals, with bright eyes, a moist pink nose and many sharp teeth. Like most Australian mammals, quolls are mainly active at night. Typically, they spend the day in one of their many dens, although spotted-tailed quolls and northern quolls sometimes forage and bask in the sunshine. Their large home ranges can extend for several kilometres in each direction from a smaller core range, and the range of a male quoll often overlaps those of several females. An interesting feature of their behaviour is the use of shared latrine (toilet) sites in open spaces such as rock ledges, for marking their territory and other social functions. Male quolls travel widely during the breeding season, with mating occurring during winter. All four species have a gestation period of 21 days. Because they are marsupial mammals, their young are born tiny and undeveloped and must work their way to the pouch, where they attach themselves to a teat to feed. Only the spotted-tailed quoll has a true pouch. In the other species, the young are protected by shallow folds of skin around the teats. As the pups grow, they dangle from the mother's belly; later, she carries them on her back. Quolls reach sexual maturity at one year. They have a naturally short life span, with smaller quolls living an average of only two years, and the larger spotted-tailed quoll about four to five years. The northern quoll is particularly short-lived. This specimen is part of a collection of almost 200 animal specimens that were originally acquired as skins from various institutions across Australia, including the Australian Museum and the National Museum of Victoria, as well as individuals such amateur anthropologist Reynell Eveleigh Johns between 1860-1880. These skins were then mounted by members of the Burke Museum Committee and put-on display in the formal space of the Museum’s original exhibition hall where they continue to be on display. This display of taxidermy mounts initially served to instruct visitors to the Burke Museum of the natural world around them, today it serves as an insight into the collecting habits of the 19th century. This specimen is part of a significant and rare taxidermy mount collection in the Burke Museum. This collection is scientifically and culturally important for reminding us of how science continues to shape our understanding of the modern world. They demonstrate a capacity to hold evidence of how Australia’s fauna history existed in the past and are potentially important for future environmental research. This collection continues to be on display in the Museum and has become a key part to interpreting the collecting habits of the 19th century.Average sized quoll with brown fur with white spots on body but absence on the long tail which is furry unlike the smooth body fur. The quoll has a small had with a pointed snout lined with sharp teeth, and thin membraned ears that are slightly covered in fur. The forelegs of the quoll are slightly smaller than the hindlegs, with all four legs featuring sharp clawed paws.On mounting board: BMM5984/ On Catalogue Tag (attached to left hindleg): Native Cat./ Catalogue. Page 50./ burke museum, taxidermy, taxidermy mount, fauna, animal, animalia, reynell eveleigh johns, quoll, native cat, dasyurus

This photograph depicts a soldier, credited on the reverse as Fred Foster. The young man is dressed in military attire and is standing tall with a gun beside him. He is located in the Australian bush and the date of the photograph is unknown. Frederick “Fred” Arthur Foster was nephew to famous Bushranger Edward “Ned” Kelly. He was born on the 15th of March 1889 in Forbes, New South Wales. He was the eldest son of Catherine “Kate” Kelly and William Henry “Bricky” Foster. After the death of his mother in October of 1898 from apparent drowning, Foster (then aged 9) was raised by his grandmother Ellen Kelly (née Quinn) at Eleven Mile Creek in Victoria. On the 29th of June 1915, 26 year old Foster travelled to Melbourne, Victoria and enlisted in the Australian Army. He was a Private in the 17th Infantry Battalion (originally C.Company, 47th battalion). He previously was attached to the 55th Battalion but transferred in 1916. Prior to enlisting in the army, Foster worked as a Bee Keeper and served in the 16th Light Horse regiment at Benalla. Foster had blue eyes, brown hair and was of Presbyterian faith. On the 28th of February 1917, Foster travelled to France aboard SS “Golden Eagle”. He was killed in action in Lagnicourt, France on the 15th of April 1917 at 28 years old. The Battle in Lagnicourt France, on the Western Front, occurred from the 1st of March to the 30th of April of 1917 and was the location of fierce fighting between Germany and the British Empire. Germany became aware of a weakness they had along the Hindenburg Line, one of these weaknesses was located in Lagnicourt which is a small village in Northern France. Therefore, the Germans decided to launch a counter-attack in this area on the 15th of April at dawn. During this fight, German forces captured several batteries of the 1st Australian Division’s artillery but the Australians led a strong counter-attack by four of their battalions and recaptured the village and most of the guns from the German forces. German forces were forced into a premature withdrawal. This battle was not undertaken in typical WW1 “trench” style warfare. Instead, the battle was up on the ground in what was described as “old open style warfare”. In this battle, slightly more than 1000 casualties were Australian, with 300 of these prisoners of war. German forces suffered a loss of over 2300 casualties with 360 taken captive. Foster was one of 43 in his regiment who died, 87 were wounded and 51 reported missing. Foster was buried at location in Lagnicourt and whilst the grave was initially marked, it is now unknown. Foster’s service, alongside those who fell at Lagnicourt, is commemorated at the Australian National Memorial in Villers-Bretonneux, France along with other national Australian memorial sites.Photography played an important part in World War 1. Photographs of men in their military uniforms served as propaganda during the Great War to reassure civilians back at home of the military prowess of their nation and the bravery of their men. It did this while hiding the true horrors which faced the men in battle. These photographs, which includes those taken at home prior to embarking overseas like Fred Foster’s, act as censored memory for those who have lost a loved one at war. It enables families to remember their relatives in their youth and standing proudly rather than having to face the actual danger and horror which faced these men at the front line. The battle of Lagnicourt France was a victory for the European Empire and therefore, men who lost their lives protecting their countries became heroes and were awarded posthumous medals for their service. Photos of soldiers in their uniforms, were undertaken by men like Foster, so their families would be able to retain their memories and likeness before they embarked for war. Many men were killed or horribly wounded so these images were important for reminding families about their sons/ husbands/ brothers/ cousins and friends. This photo is a part of the Burke Museum Kelly album which includes numerous photographs relating to the Kelly Gang. As the son of Kate Kelly and William “Bricky” Foster, Fred Foster is an important part of the Kelly story after the execution of Edward “Ned” Kelly which has information it can impart relating to the history of the family after 1880. Whilst an important element of the Kelly Album, Foster’s photograph is also historically important in its own right for its connection to the Great War and the experiences of a soldier at the Western Front.Original sepia rectangular photograph developed on matte photographic paper, unmounted.Reverse: (Top right corner of reverse:) FRED FOSTER/ (Top centre of reverse:) Kate Kelly's son.kelly album, fred foster, kate kelly, photograph, australian soldier, the kelly gang, australian bush, burke museum, sepia photo, gum trees, family of the kelly gang, world war i, langnicourt, france, great war, 1917, ned kelly, frederick foster, william "bricky" foster, ellen kelly, military history, australian military

This photograph features a woman and a man, both older, seated together on a bench at Benalla railway station, c.1917. The woman on the left, wearing a hat and face veil is Mrs Kelly (Ellen Quinn Kelly), Ned Kelly’s mother and the man beside her is Ned Griffiths. Born in 1832 in Ireland, Ellen married John ‘Red’ Kelly, an ex-convict who also originated from Ireland, in 1851. She met Kelly after emigrating to Australia with her parents. Ellen and John Kelly had 7 children, the eldest of these is the infamous Bushranger Edward "Ned" Kelly. John Kelly died in 1866. Ellen had 7 children to care for and not much money so she relocated the family to Greta where she had relatives. Ellen remarried in 1874 to a young George King, an American originally from California. The couple married in Benalla and together they had 3 children. Ellen and King's children would later adopt the surname Kelly after George disappeared in 1877. Ellen spent three years in prison for the assault of Constable Fitzpatrick (an incident surrounded by mythology and uncertainty). She later passed away in her early 90s on the 27th of March 1923 at Greta. In this photograph, Albert "Ned" Griffiths wears a hat, full suit, and glasses. He is Ellen Kelly's son-in-law from his marriage to her daughter Grace Kelly. Ned Griffiths was born in 1871 and died in 1939. He married Grace Kelly in 1889 in Benalla and together the couple had nine children.This photograph is part of the Burke Museum "Kelly album" which includes a significant collection of photographs and artefacts connected to Ned Kelly and the Kelly Gang. Ned Kelly and his gang have become ingrained in Australian popular culture and thus many museums, art galleries and private collections house material connected to the Kelly story which allows the events and people to be researched and interpreted. Individuals like Ellen Kelly played an essential part in the Kelly story which have been adapted for popular culture. The study of these individuals through their images and records can help researchers to correctly interpret their involvement with Ned Kelly and the Kelly gang.Original sepia rectangular photograph developed on matte photographic paper, mounted on board.Reverse: (Top half of reverse) Mrs Kelly/Mother of Ned Kelly And Mr Ned Griffiths her/ Son in law – husband/ Of Grace Kelly/ (Down right side of lower half of reverse) 855-184-1kelly album, ellen kelly, ned griffiths, photograph, grace kelly, mourning attire, ned kelly, mother, son-in-law, the kelly gang, burke museum, sepia photo, mounted photo, victoria, benalla, australia, 1917, benalla railway station

Allan Quinn travelled through the U.S.A in 1947, documenting everything he did and saw in letters he sent home to his mother, and photographs. This photograph is of the Cliff House restaurant, in San Francisco, which has a long history of it's own. Alan Quinn was fascinated with American life, and frequently visited tourist attractions as well as everyday places such as shops and cafes.This is a photograph from the Allan Charles Quinn collection which is a collection of letters and photograph depicting aspects of life at sea for a young man in the era immediately following World War II.A black and white photograph of the Cliff House restaurant in San Francisco. The photograph has been taken from a hill top opposite the restaurant, looking down to it and the ocean below. There are many cars parked outside the restaurant.On reverse: 11-11-47 handwritten in blue ink / K8 / A handwritten upside down in pencil below.photograph, 1947, allan charles quinn, usa, cliff house restaurant, san francisco