Reports on a Science Congress in Adelaide and a speech by Robert Risson about future transport possible systems - all types such as conveyor belts, air cushion vehicles, magnetic cushions, pneumatic tubes, moving footpaths, jet-propelled vehicles, gas turbine and diesel electric buses. These are known as "gadgetbahns" mooted proposals that seldom come to commercial fruition. His main emphasis was on the future all-electric tram fleet that was proposed for Melbourne. Also notes underground systems such as San Francisco. Item by Science Writer Frank Campbell.Yields information about possible future transport systems - gadgetbahnsNewspaper clipping - "The Silent line" and "On the move the mod way" - The Herald "18-8-1969" tramways, trams, melbourne, public transport, future transport, transport systems, electric trams, all-electric trams, robert risson, gadgetbahns, underground tramways

Red covered auction catalogue for an auction sale held on 10th December, 1958 at the Sunbeam Colleries, Korumburra of Coal Mining Plant. Lots include Electric Winches, Jaques Crushing Plant, Air Compressing Plant, 15-ton Avery Weighbridge, Corr. Iron Buildings, Rails, Pumps, Electric Motors, Piping, Stores, Engineers and Blacksmiths Plant, Pneumatic and Hand Tools, Valuable Electrical Equipment and Costly Accessories. There are descriptions of some lots. J. H. Curnow & Son Pty. Ltd. Were the auctioneers.business, auctioneers, j h curnow & son pty ltd, ian dyett collection - auction catalogue - sunbeam colleries, j h curnow & son, prahran telegraph printing co pty ltd

This item shows the excavation of the side of a railway track using a pneumatic shovel and a rail mounted truck by two workmen. The period covered was well before State Health and Safety requirements, such as helmets, became law. It also details that the workmen were from European heritage as their head coverings were a handkerchief knotted at each corner. This was typical for workmen of this heritage, others used caps or hats or no head covering at all (the macho male look)The photograph of this item was one of many depicting great achievements and opening up the region. A visual link or time capsule of the 1950s rural/mining sectors clashing with the established rural industriesThis photo depicts the time (1950's) and place (Bogong and Mount Beauty) where construction workers had an immense impact, not only on the physical environment but also on the social and economic development of the Victorian Alps region. The fast expansion of smaller settlements brought about increased pressures on the welfare viability of certain subgroups within the region e.g. farming, droving and commerce (caravan hawkers versus static shops). These changes brought about a heightened awareness by both local and State Governments to upgrade not only facilities within the region but also access to the region. Black and white photo of two workmen on a rail mounted shovel truck. The photo is of good definition allowing a clear view of the subject matter. The paper is semi gloss.On the back of the photo, paper suppliers etchings are "Kodak XtraLife II paper"mining, hydro electricity, victorian alps, construction camps, earth moving machines

Book, titled "Door and Step Control", 192 pages printed on white art paper, with green inside covers and end covers, 12 sections, full bound, sewn into green Rexene outside covers with title and company logo in gold on front cover and publisher "National Pneumatic Company" on spine. Details equipment available for control of doors and steps using compressed air, manual methods, with photos of various types of railway and tramway vehicles, equipment and drawings. Has an index. Also details of sash (window) and garage door control systems. Has been stamped with the ESCo Company stamp in a number of places.trams, tramways, tramcar equipment, doors, safety

Book - 32 pages centre stapled titled "1978 Edition - The Australian Tramway and Motor Omnibus Employees Association (Victorian Branch) - Safety, First Aid, Hand tools and protective clothing and equipment". Provides information and guidance on Industrial safety, equipment and fire. Has adverts for The Druids, Holdens, ANSI, Hibernian Society, Thomas Warburton, Wonderpak Chemicals, Fairmark, Commonwealth Engineer, Raff Jeanery, Australian Thread, Regent Motors, Yarra Falls Ltd, Fabspec, Silverway Pharmacy, Consolidated Pneumatic, Sands and McDougall, McAdams of Essendon, the Irish National Foresters Catholic Benefit Society and Tramways Benefit Society.trams, tramways, unions, safety, medical, benefit society, workshops

This mobility aid was housed under the old stage area of the Soldiers Memorial Institute building in Pall Mall Bendigo. When the renovations to the building began in late 2016 the Aid was removed and restored by the Bendigo District RSL Men in Sheds program and is now on display in the same building now called Bendigo Military Museum. The Soldiers Memorial was the HQ of the Bendigo RSL Sub Branch. It is not known the origin of the Aid but it was most likely used by disabled Bendigo RSL members post WW1.Three wheeled Mobility Aid. Front wheel is 41cm dia pneumatic, 32mm wide, rear wheel 68cm dia, width 52mm wide. The right wheel axle has a sprocket & chain assembly, the left is free wheeling, both have mud guards. Frame is tubular steel painted reddish colour, the seat and back rest are brown leather, seat sides are timber, there are two timber platforms in front, the top one is adjustable the bottom one is fixed. The chair is steered via a long metal handle fixed to the wheel frame. The right hand side has the sprocket and chain assembly and motion is controlled by turning the handle in a circular motion, only one speed.on the front wheel stem is a transfer. “Webster Brothers Cycle Manufacturers Mitchell Street Bendigo”mobility, aid, wheel chair, brsl, smirsl

Thirteen sheet book, each sheet printed single side, secured with two metal clips and washers in a pink cover card cover, titled "Westinghouse brake repairs parts". Published May 1927, by Westinghouse Brake Co. of Australasia. Binders - "The Grip Binder" - nickel plated steel using sheets printed by The Westinghouse Brake & Saxby Signal Co. Ltd. Cover larger than the sheets. Details parts list for: DH25 - Motor Driven Air Compressor for 1500V DC ER4C - Control Governor ES16 - Air compressor Governor Emergency Application Valve Used for electro-pneumatic brake equipment - Sydney Suburban electrification. Scanned to the COTMA Website 4-10-2015."Colin Rutledge" stamped on top of page 1.trams, tramways, westinghouse, compressors, governors, equipment

Fordson Henry Ford set up the company Ford and Son in 1917, it later became known as Fordson. Henry had previously tried to interest the directors of the Ford Motor Co in producing agricultural machinery, but when this met with no success he set up the new company to market the tractor he had created. Fordson: Model N 1929-32 Produced at Cork 1932-1945 Produced at Dagenham The Fordson Model N replaced the Fordson Model F. Production of the Model N started in Cork in 1929. Production of the Fordson Model N was transferred from Cork to Dagenham in 1932. The Model N featured a 27 HP engine, standard rear fenders (mudguards), a higher voltage ignition system, and optional pneumatic tires. In 1935 power take-off (PTO) was available as an option on the Model N. Historic - Farm Machinery - TractorSteel Tractor - Orange with black wheels.Fordsonpuffing billy, fordson, tractor

St Peter's Church was established in 1861 in the school house. In 1864 the question of building a church was seriously discussed. A foundation stone for the church was laid on 16 November 1864 by Bendan S. Hassell. The architect was Charles Davenport Cuthbert; the trustees were Somerville Learmonth, W.P. Whitcombe, Robert Wynne and J.B. McQuie. The church building committee consisted of Horace walker, J.S. Carver, John M. Fisher, Robert Williams, Thomas Gibson, John E. Hodgson and W. Lindisay Richardson. The foundation stone of the Soldier's Chapel was laid on 06 April 1917. The beautiful stained glass in the chapel was donated by Mrs W. Tunbridge and H.C. Curwen-Walker, in memory of their sons who were killed during World War One. In 1929 a new three manual organ by London's Hill, Norman and Beard was installed. It was the first in Ballarat with electro-pneumatic action.White soft covered booklet outlining the first 100 years of St Peter's Anglican Church, Ballarat. The book includes information on each of the ministers until 1961, a programme of the Centenary Celebrations, and black and white photographs of the exterior and interior of the church. Images include the Pittard Memorial Windows, the Crocker Memorial Windows and baptistry, and H.W.H. Adeney.st peter's anglican church ballarat, churches, religion, charles d. cuthbert, stained glass, w. tunbridge, h.c. curwen-walker

This is the cutting bit on the end of a drilling rod. It would have been used to drill holes into rock for placing explosives, for installing steel rock anchors, etc. In hard rock the bits need to be replaced regularly. Compressed air is blown through the holes near the tip of the bit to blow rock fragments out of the drill hole. The main drilling unit would have been powered by compressed air (Pneumatic). Rotary Air Blast Drilling. This drill bit was used by workers in the SEC Vic. Kiewa Hydro Electricity Scheme. This type of bit although strong needed replacing frequently when the rock composition (type of rock) was extremely compact. The configuration of the tip bit (four star like pattern) was to provide the "teeth" to tear into the rock. This bit was manufactured in 1949 however drilling for rock cores, in the Kiewa Valley and the Victorian Alps, was carried out from the late 1920's.This particular drill bit would have been used by construction workers to drill holes into rock for either explosives or for installing steel anchor points into the rock. The use of compressed air was not only for waste extraction but also for running the main drilling unit.This four star rotary air balst (RAB) drill bit has a central "blow" hole (compressed air outlet to remove the ground rock particles through four extraction holes). There are four raised cutting/grinding lugs which allows the air compression hole(incoming) to always have a clear unblock opening. Extracted ground material is "blown" out from the drill head via the larger hole created by the steel bit.Stamped on the bottom outside shank "FAGERSTA SECO SWEDEN" and below this "102 7041 01 05 049".sec vic kiewa hydro scheme, alternate energy supplies, drilling into rocks in alpine regions

The Tilley lamp & heaters derives from John Tilley’s invention of the hydro-pneumatic blowpipe in 1813 in England. W. H. Tilley were manufacturing pressure lamps at their works in Stoke Newington in 1818, and Shoreditch, in the 1830s. The company moved to Brent Street in Hendon in 1915 during World War I, and started to work with paraffin (kerosene) as a fuel for the lamps. During World War I Tilley lamps were used by the British armed forces, and became so popular that Tilley became used as a generic name for a kerosene lamp in many parts of the world, in much the same way as Hoover is used for vacuum cleaners. During the 1920s the company had diversified into domestic lamps, and had expanded rapidly after orders from railway companies. After World War II fears about the poisonous effect of paraffin fumes, and widely available electricity, reduced demand for domestic use. The company moved from Hendon to Ireland in the early 1960s, finally settling in Belfast. It moved back to England in 2000.Item is significant as it was an early form of portable heating used in a domestic situation or any small room that required to be heated. This item fell out of use when electricity and electric heater became more available and affordable. Tilley kerosene pressure heater with large reflector dish. Fuel tank painted cream and wooden handle.Tilleyflagstaff hill, warrnambool, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, kerosene heater, tilley lamps, john tilley, pressure heater, domestic use

The Tilley lamp derives from John Tilley’s invention of the hydro-pneumatic blowpipe in 1813 in England. W. H. Tilley were manufacturing pressure lamps at their works in Stoke Newington in 1818, and Shoreditch, in the 1830s. The company moved to Brent Street in Hendon in 1915 during World War I, and started to work with paraffin (kerosene) as a fuel for the lamps. During World War I Tilley lamps were used by the British armed forces, and became so popular that Tilley became used as a generic name for a kerosene lamp in many parts of the world, in much the same way as Hoover is used for vacuum cleaners. During the 1920s the company had diversified into domestic lamps, and had expanded rapidly after orders from railway companies. After World War II fears about the poisonous effect of paraffin fumes, and widely available electricity, reduced demand for domestic use. The company moved from Hendon to Ireland in the early 1960s, finally settling in Belfast. The company moved back to England in 2000.A significant item demonstrating the early use of kerosene under pressure as a lighting medium. These types of lamps were made by a company whose products became synonymous with oil lamps generally. Lamps that were used commercially, domestically and by the armed forces of many countries during the first and second world wars.Tilley Searchlight Projector, or search lamp, made in Hendon, England 1935. Metal kerosene pressure search lamp, glass front, fixed mirror at back, wooden carry handles. Mounted on fuel tank with pressure pump. Lamp has 8 airflow holes in the bottom and a covered outlet on the top. Glass is in 3 pieces, fitting together to make flat circle there is a maker’s plate on the pressure tank. “TILLEY / SEARCHLIGHT PROJECTOR / MADE AT / HENDON, ENGLAND”, “256” handwritten in red on one wooden handle, “9” or “6” hand painted in white on top on lightflagstaff hill, warrnambool, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, tilley kerosene pressure searchlight, lighting, john tilley, pressure lamps

Long term loan from Neurological Society of Australasia Museum of Neurosurgical Instruments , South Australia Catalogue with Historical Commentaries Second Edition January 2006 Copy located at RACS MuseumSTUART MORSON'S MECHANICAL INJECTOR FOR ANGIOGRAPHY. Stuart Morson(1913 - 1980) of Sydney had this injector constructed in or before 1952. It is said that it was not used much. The injector embodies two 10 ml and two 20 ml Record syringes coupled to a single delivery system. Each is operated by a piston. The pistons are driven from cylinders drilled in a metal block within the casing of the injector; the motive power must have been hydraulic or pneumatic pressure delivered through a manifold with taps allowing each syringe to be worked in isolation. The casing also contains two linked micro switches operated from a distance; it is unclear what was the role of these switches, and it is possible that a component of the unit is lost. JB Curtisl stated that a mechanical injector was devised in 1949 for serial angiography by his collaborator Schuster, but was not felt to be safe enough for use. For many years, neurosurgeons and neuroradiologists preferred to inject by hand.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tilley-storm-lantern-X246-May- Tilley storm lantern, this model has been in production since 1964 The Tilley Lamp derives from John Tilley’s invention of the hydro-pneumatic blowpipe in 1813 in England. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerosene_lamp#Pressure_lamp Pressure lamps are far more sophisticated than wick lamps and produce a much brighter light, although they can be quite complicated and fiddly to use. This type of lamp is commonly known in the UK as a "Tilley lamp", after a manufacturer of the same name, and in North America as a "Coleman lantern" for similar reasons. A kerosene blowtorch displaying the various aspects of the kerosene burnerA pressure lamp has a fuel tank at the bottom with a small pump to pressurise the kerosene. There is a narrow gap up to the top of the lamp, called a flue, and at the top of the lamp there is a burner (gas outlet). Directly underneath the burner is the mantle, a fabric bag coated with chemicals that incandesce when heated by the gas flame. The burner lamp is known for its brightness. It is so bright because of the amount of pressure that is placed onto the wick. This pressure allows a steady flow of the gasoline and a constant light Tilley Storm Pressure Lantern, model no x246 has a stainless steel base which is filled with kerosene, with a pump used to pressurize the kerosene vapor. Under the base is a sticker.On top is a black hood with vents which sits on the glass heat resistant shade. The glass shade has an etched label. It has a white and pink mantle on the central rod with a long shaped stainless steel handle, this folds down when not in use.Base - Sticker Tilley Lamp Model X246 Etched on glass shade Tilley, Durosil, ITI, Heat Resistant. Made in Englandlantern tilley pump pressure mantle kerosene methylated spirits stainless steel lamp kerosene lamp round glass cylinder

In 1978 Diamond Valley Shire recognised the need for a new public hall in Diamond Creek. Council considered the Bini shell form of construction which was in operation overseas and in use in New South Wales as libraries, gymnasiums, sports centres and multi-purpose centres. The Council gave the go-ahead. A site was chosen opposite the Hotel and close to the railway line. One day in - the following year, in 1979, activity stood still in Diamond Creek as school children and other excited spectators watched the one-hour inflation of the Bini Shell. This unusual method of construction was invented by Italian industrial designer and architect Dante Bini. The construction pneumatically raises a level of reinforced concrete from ground level which has not been set, using an internal balloon. The inner membrane inflates and compresses the mesh and concrete against the outer membrane. A net of flexible steel rods was laid on the building’s circular base, on the top of a fabric bladder. 300 tonnes of reinforced concrete were poured onto the mesh and a sealed cover laid over the concrete making a sandwich of cover, bladder and mesh. Compressed air was pumped into the bladder and the sandwich slowly began to rise and become a massive self-supporting dome. After inflation and removal of the outer membrane workmen filled in any holes. It was some days before pneumatic drills pecked out the first opening. The ceiling of the concrete dome was lined with fluffy insulating material. The dome was 36 metres in diameter at the base and 12 metres high in the centre with a usable floor space of 670 square metres. An opening night dinner was held to celebrate the new facility on March 12, 1980. Shire President Ron Pata made a speech and unveiled a plaque. It was the first public building in Victoria to be erected using the Bini Shell design method of construction The facility could cater for up to 400 people and in 1980 a fee for use was $100 for up to 200 people, $150 for up to 300 people and $200 for up to 400 people. For the next ten years or so, locals attended the hall for marital arts classes, basketball and netball games and school discoes and various other activities. After pieces of concrete fell off a Bini shell interstate due to a construction fault, the Council closed the centre. Demotion took place during the Diamond Creek Town Fair in 1991, as part of the annual Town Fair’s program. Research by L.P. Jan 2022This was the first public building in Victoria to be erected using the Bini Shell design method of construction.Colour photograph1991, diamond creek, bini shell, demolition, oval

In 1978 Diamond Valley Shire recognised the need for a new public hall in Diamond Creek. Council considered the Bini shell form of construction which was in operation overseas and in use in New South Wales as libraries, gymnasiums, sports centres and multi-purpose centres. The Council gave the go-ahead. A site was chosen opposite the Hotel and close to the railway line. One day in - the following year, in 1979, activity stood still in Diamond Creek as school children and other excited spectators watched the one-hour inflation of the Bini Shell. This unusual method of construction was invented by Italian industrial designer and architect Dante Bini. The construction pneumatically raises a level of reinforced concrete from ground level which has not been set, using an internal balloon. The inner membrane inflates and compresses the mesh and concrete against the outer membrane. A net of flexible steel rods was laid on the building’s circular base, on the top of a fabric bladder. 300 tonnes of reinforced concrete were poured onto the mesh and a sealed cover laid over the concrete making a sandwich of cover, bladder and mesh. Compressed air was pumped into the bladder and the sandwich slowly began to rise and become a massive self-supporting dome. After inflation and removal of the outer membrane workmen filled in any holes. It was some days before pneumatic drills pecked out the first opening. The ceiling of the concrete dome was lined with fluffy insulating material. The dome was 36 metres in diameter at the base and 12 metres high in the centre with a usable floor space of 670 square metres. An opening night dinner was held to celebrate the new facility on March 12, 1980. Shire President Ron Pata made a speech and unveiled a plaque. It was the first public building in Victoria to be erected using the Bini Shell design method of construction The facility could cater for up to 400 people and in 1980 a fee for use was $100 for up to 200 people, $150 for up to 300 people and $200 for up to 400 people. For the next ten years or so, locals attended the hall for marital arts classes, basketball and netball games and school discoes and various other activities. After pieces of concrete fell off a Bini shell interstate due to a construction fault, the Council closed the centre. Demotion took place during the Diamond Creek Town Fair in 1991, as part of the annual Town Fair’s program. Research by LP January 2022This was the first public building in Victoria to be erected using the Bini Shell design method of construction.Digital copy of colour photographfred mitchell collection, 1983, bini shell, diamond creek

Hardcovered book, half leather bound with marbled paper. Formerly book number 4040 from the Ballaarat East Public Library. Contents include: new pit-saw, self-moving carriage (car), Lord Worcestor's steam engine, extinction of fires, Cameron's Soda Water Apparatus, Newton's Lectures on Astronomy, coining at the Royal Mint, mechanical geometry, lifting ships by steam, voltaic-mechanic agent, steam navigation, portable hand-mill, Brown's pneumatic engine, Bell's invention for saving lives from shipwreck, triple pump, cycloidal chuck, potato-washer, sand clock, Galvanic electricity, perpetual motion, Hadley's Quadrent, Wollaston's Night-Bolt, rope bridges, boring machinery, locomotive steam-engines, new London Bridge, naval architecture, steam and water wheel, Spencer's Patent Forge, boat with wings, ivory profile portraits, Jenning's Gas burner, Ramage's Telescope, washing machine, tallow lamp, iron masts, self regulating pendulum, prismatic compass, simple blowpipe. Includes image of Henry Brougham, and many drawings of inventions.non-fictioncar, newton, fire, shipwreck, bell, naval architecture, locomotive, ballaarat east public library, ballarat east public library, ballarat east library, henry brougham, potassium, meridian lines, pit saw, self moving carriage, lord worcestor, steam engine, cameron s, soda water, astronomy, royal mint, mechanical geometry, lifting ships by steam, voltaic mechanic agent, steam navigation, hand mill, brown s pneumatic engine, triple pump, cycloidal chuck, potato washer, sand clock, galvanic electricity, perpetual motion, hadley s quadrent, wollaston s night bolt, rope bridges, boring machinery, steam engines, new london bridge, steam and water wheel, spencer s patent forge, boat with wings, ivory profile portraits, jenning s gas burner, ramage s telescope, washing machine, tallow lamp, iron masts, self regulating pendulum, prismatic compass, simple blowpipe, bookplate

28 sheets contained within a folded buff coloured cover secured with folded metal clips and washers, titled "Air Brakes for Tramways". Published by the Westinghouse Brake & Saxby Signal Co. Ltd. of 82 York Road, Kings Cross London in 1933/34. Contains various data sheets for various Westinghouse brake system components. Cover sheet with index. Air brakes for Tramways - June 1934 - fold out sheet and single sheet - DP12. Interconnection of air and magnetic track brakes - June 1934 - fold out sheet and a single sheet - DP12a Motor Driven Air compressor - type DH - March 1933 - four sheets - DP1 Air Compressor type E13 - June 1934 - two sheets - DP18 Electric compressor Governor's - ES16, ES16C and NS16 - April 1934 - six sheets - DP7 Drivers Brake Valve No. 9 - July 1934 - one sheet - DS7 Improved self lapping Driver's Brake Valve - October 1933 - two sheets - DP27a Westinghouse Air brake cylinders - April 1934 - two sheets -DP35 Quick Release Valve - June 1934 - 1 sheet - DS18 Double Check Valve - July 1934 - 1 sheet DS8 Double Check Valve No. 19 - June 1934 - 1 sheet DS8a Conductors Emergency Valves - June 1934 - 2 sheets - DP37 Pneumatic Sanding apparatus - July 1934 - 1 sheet DS11 Safety Valve Type N - June 1934 - 1 sheet DS17. Contents scanned to COTMA Web site 5/2/2011."Colin Rutledge" stamped on top of page 1 and date stamp of "The Westinghouse Brake Co. Ltd. Melbourne 17 Dec 1934" on front cover.trams, tramways, westinghouse, tramcar brakes, compressors, governors, equipment

Set of 12 reports, photocopied onto heat sensitive paper from various magazines. Documents match the image numbers. .1 - 2 pages, from The Commonwealth Engineer, 1/10/1917 - "New Cars for the Melbourne Brunswick and Coburg Tramways", written by Straun Robertson. .2 - 2 pages, from The Commonwealth Engineer, 1/3/1919 - "Double Bogie Combination Tram Car - St Kilda Brighton Electric Line". .3 - 2 pages - Electrical Engineer - 15/6/1924 - "One Man cars for Melbourne and Geelong Vic. The Brill Birney Safety Car" .4 - 1 page - Electrical Engineer - 15/11/1925 - "Standard Car for Melbourne Tramways" - has sketch of W2 369. .5 - 2 pages - Electrical Engineer - 15/8/1927 - "New Bogie car for Melbourne Tramways" Y class. .6 - 2 pages - Electrical Engineer -15/3/1936 - "Tramcar of New type for Melbourne - Large car for Two-man or One-man operation" - Y1 class .7 - 3 pages, The Electrical Engineer and Merchandiser - 15/3/1932 - "Modern Tramcars for Melbourne - Design for reduction of noise and construction with electrical Welding" W3 class. .8 - 2 pages, The Electrical Engineer and Merchandiser - 15/11/1933 - "New Tramcars for Melbourne" - has sketch of the W4 class tram. .9 - 3 pages, The Electrical Engineer and Merchandiser - 16/12/1935 - "Melbourne's Lates Tramcars, comfortable Accommodation and modern traction equipment" - W5 class .10 - 3 pages - The Electrical Engineer and Merchandiser - 15/3/1939 - "Improved Type Tramcar - advanced truck design, pneumatically operated doors, special lighting, acceleration 3pmh per sec." SW5 class. .11 - 3 pages - The Electrical Engineer and Merchandiser - 15/9/1950 - "Noiseless Tramcar - first Australian Vehicles - Bogies fitted have special noise reducing features - motor drive through bevel gears, dynamic braking" - PCC 980 (See also Reg Item 5601 for a similar report) .12 - 1 page - handwritten on the rear of a copy of item 11 - Editorial from the Oct. 1951 issue of same magazine looking at the rate of acceleration. Reprint of .7 added 30/7/2019, from papers ex Robert Green - in poor condition, has been folded, both left and right hand edges in multiple tears. The photos are good. Measures 282H x 220W.trams, tramways, mmtb, mbctt, new tramcars, vr, bogie trams, birney, x class, w2 class, y class, y1 class, w3 class, one man trams, w4 class, w5 class, sw5 class, pcc class, tramcar design, electrical engineering

In the years following the Crimean War (1854-1857J) there was a great concern in the Colony that Imperial Russia would attempt an invasion. Coastal defences in the colony of Victoria were greatly strengthened by the Government as a result. Warrnambool was originally protected by cannons at Cannon Hill, approximately 1 kilometer west of the Flagstaff Hill Fortifications. These cannons included two 1866 guns, both 80 Pound Rifled Muzzle Loaders (RML) purchased by Victoria’s Colonial Government. They were part of a shipment of 26 such guns sent from England in December 1866. They are registered as No. 23 (80cwt-2qr-0lbs) - Gun 1, and No.13 (81cwt-1qr-12lbs) - Gun 2. They were cast at the Royal Gun Factory, Woolwich Arsenal, in 1866 and have a 6.3 inch bore. Both barrels carry the Royal Cypher of Queen Victoria, Insignia of the Royal Engineers, within the Garter and Motto surmounted by the Crown, with the Royal Cypher of Queen Victoria within the Garter (letters in centre “VR”, motto “HONI SOIT QUI MAL Y PENSE”, "Shame be to him who thinks evil of it."). The guns were originally supplied with wooden carriages. (The Royal Arsenal at Woolwich, England, was established eleven years after the Restoration of King Charles II. It was the principal supplier of armaments to the British and Empire Governments. At the height of its operations during World War One the factory covered 1300 acres and employed very nearly 80,000 workers. Woolwich was the Headquarters of the Royal Artillery since the raising of that Regiment in 1716. The Arsenal was closed in the late 1960’s.) These two cannons were transferred to the Warrnambool Garrison Artillery Battery Fortifications erected at Flagstaff Hill in 1887 as part of Victoria’s Coastal Defences. The original wooden carriages were subsequently replaced with the present iron garrison carriages in 1888. They are a “C” pivot. The ‘racers’ or curved track set into the floor of the gun emplacement (which enabled the guns to be traversed more quickly) are as specified for guns up to 10 inch, being of wrought iron 2.78 inches wide. A temporary third gun, now no longer on Flagstaff Hill’s site, was a 5 inch Rifled Breech Loading (BL) Armstrong gun mounted on an Elswick hydro pneumatic disappearing carriage It was faster to load and fire than the 80 pound RMLs and its arrival spelt the end of the older 80 pound guns’ useful life, apart from being used for practice sessions. The 5 inch BL gun was the main defensive weapon of the Warrnambool Battery until the Battery was downgraded in importance and the gun was recalled to Melbourne in 1910. The State of Victoria took over the ownership of the guns at the time of Australian Federation in 1901. In about 1901/1902 the Garrison Battery was converted to the Warrnambool Battery of the Australian Field Artillery (No 4 Field Battery). It was equipped with 4.7 inch naval guns mounted on field carriages. They were now a mobile unit but continued to use the Warrnambool Garrison area at Flagstaff Hill for practice. When the Fortifications were declared obsolete the two 80 Pounder RML were relocated to Cannon Hill in 1910. On the outbreak of World War One the 4.7 inch guns were recalled to Melbourne, and the Battery was disbanded. Most of the personnel probably re-enlisted in the local 4th Australian Light Horse Regiment. The two 80 Pounder RML were moved back to the Fortifications in 1973. They were both fully restored by Army First Year Apprentices at the Ordinance Factory in Bendigo in time for the centenary year of the fortifications in 1987. The guns are capable of firing 80 pound (32.3kg) armour piercing exploding shells 3.65kms out to sea. They were original manned by volunteers before a paid Garrison was established. Now the Guns are again fired by volunteers on Special Event days. Since restoration the Gun Number 1 had been fired on a regular basis but Gun Number 2 hadn’t been fired since the mid 1990’s. In April 2015 Gun Number 2 was serviced in preparation for the firing of both cannons on the ANZAC Centenary commemorations on April 25th 2015. Other guns from the original Cannon Hill location were obsolete by the time the 1887 Warrnambool Garrison Artillery Battery was built. These guns are (1) a 32 Pounder Muzzle Loading Smooth Bore (SB) cast in 1813 at the famous Carron Foundry, number 80837 and now located in the Warrnambool Botanic Gardens (2) a 68 Pounder Muzzle Loading Smooth Bore cast in 1861 at the equally august Low Moor Foundry, number 10310 and now located on the lawn area at the entrance to Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village. Both of these guns are mounted on their original wooden garrison carriages. There are only seven 32 Pounder SB made by Carron and fifteen 68 Pounder SB made at Low Moor known to exist in the State of Victoria (Conservation Management Plan for Victorian Guns and Cannon, South Western Victoria, May 2008, ref W/F/04)The Warrnambool Garrison has been added to the Victorian Heritage Register H1250 “for its intact battery and guns, a strong reminder of Victoria’s wealth and determination to protect itself from the perceived threat of invasion in the 1880’s.” The City of Warrnambool is one of several custodians of a collection of artillery pieces of heritage significance at a state, national and international level. These pieces are directly related to the defence of south-west Victoria in the 19th century. The care and preservation come under the Heritage Act 1995. Cannon. 80 Pounder Rifled Muzzle Loading (RML) Gun on iron carriage and slide, installed in the Battery at Flagstaff Hill’s Fortifications.. Made in 1866 at the Royal Gun Factory (R-G-F), Woolich, England. Gun Reg No - 23. Flagstaff Hill Garrison Gun 1 (Gun No. 1) Insignia of the Royal Engineers, and the weight of the gun, stamped on top of the gun’s barrel. There is a brass plate on the side of the gun with the details of 1987 restoration.Stamped on axle cover on side of barrel “R-G-F / No 23 / 1866”. Stamped into the metal on top of the barrel, Insignia of the Royal Engineers; Garter and Motto “HONI SOIT QUI MAL Y PENSE”, surmounted by the Crown, with the Royal Cypher of Queen Victoria “VR” within the Garter. Also stamped on top of the gun are 2 inward pointing arrows above the weight ”81-2-0”. Brass plate “RESTORATION / BY / FIRST YEAR / APPRENTICES / ORDANANCE FACTORY / BENDIGO 1987”flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, cannon, 80 pounder, rifled muzzle, loading, royal gun factory, woolich

In the years following the Crimean War (1854-1857J) there was a great concern in the Colony that Imperial Russia would attempt an invasion. Coastal defences in the colony of Victoria were greatly strengthened by the Government as a result. Warrnambool was originally protected by cannons at Cannon Hill, approximately 1 kilometer west of the Flagstaff Hill Fortifications. These cannons included two 1866 guns, both 80 Pound Rifled Muzzle Loaders (RML) purchased by Victoria’s Colonial Government. They were part of a shipment of 26 such guns sent from England in December 1866. They are registered as No. 23 (80cwt-2qr-0lbs) - Gun 1, and No.13 (81cwt-1qr-12lbs) - Gun 2. They were cast at the Royal Gun Factory, Woolwich Arsenal, in 1866 and have a 6.3 inch bore. Both barrels carry the Royal Cypher of Queen Victoria, Insignia of the Royal Engineers, within the Garter and Motto surmounted by the Crown, with the Royal Cypher of Queen Victoria within the Garter (letters in centre “VR”, motto “HONI SOIT QUI MAL Y PENSE”, "Shame be to him who thinks evil of it."). The guns were originally supplied with wooden carriages. (The Royal Arsenal at Woolwich, England, was established eleven years after the Restoration of King Charles II. It was the principal supplier of armaments to the British and Empire Governments. At the height of its operations during World War One the factory covered 1300 acres and employed very nearly 80,000 workers. Woolwich was the Headquarters of the Royal Artillery since the raising of that Regiment in 1716. The Arsenal was closed in the late 1960’s.) These two cannons were transferred to the Warrnambool Garrison Artillery Battery Fortifications erected at Flagstaff Hill in 1887 as part of Victoria’s Coastal Defences. The original wooden carriages were subsequently replaced with the present iron garrison carriages in 1888. They are a “C” pivot. The ‘racers’ or curved track set into the floor of the gun emplacement (which enabled the guns to be traversed more quickly) are as specified for guns up to 10 inch, being of wrought iron 2.78 inches wide. A temporary third gun, now no longer on Flagstaff Hill’s site, was a 5 inch Rifled Breech Loading (BL) Armstrong gun mounted on an Elswick hydro pneumatic disappearing carriage It was faster to load and fire than the 80 pound RMLs and its arrival spelt the end of the older 80 pound guns’ useful life, apart from being used for practice sessions. The 5 inch BL gun was the main defensive weapon of the Warrnambool Battery until the Battery was downgraded in importance and the gun was recalled to Melbourne in 1910. The State of Victoria took over the ownership of the guns at the time of Australian Federation in 1901. In about 1901/1902 the Garrison Battery was converted to the Warrnambool Battery of the Australian Field Artillery (No 4 Field Battery). It was equipped with 4.7 inch naval guns mounted on field carriages. They were now a mobile unit but continued to use the Warrnambool Garrison area at Flagstaff Hill for practice. When the Fortifications were declared obsolete the two 80 Pounder RML were relocated to Cannon Hill in 1910. On the outbreak of World War One the 4.7 inch guns were recalled to Melbourne, and the Battery was disbanded. Most of the personnel probably re-enlisted in the local 4th Australian Light Horse Regiment. The two 80 Pounder RML were moved back to the Fortifications in 1973. They were both fully restored by Army First Year Apprentices at the Ordinance Factory in Bendigo in time for the centenary year of the fortifications in 1987. The guns are capable of firing 80 pound (32.3kg) armour piercing exploding shells 3.65kms out to sea. They were original manned by volunteers before a paid Garrison was established. Now the Guns are again fired by volunteers on Special Event days. Since restoration the Gun Number 1 had been fired on a regular basis but Gun Number 2 hadn’t been fired since the mid 1990’s. In April 2015 Gun Number 2 was serviced in preparation for the firing of both cannons on the ANZAC Centenary commemorations on April 25th 2015. Other guns from the original Cannon Hill location were obsolete by the time the 1887 Warrnambool Garrison Artillery Battery was built. These guns are (1) a 32 Pounder Muzzle Loading Smooth Bore (SB) cast in 1813 at the famous Carron Foundry, number 80837 and now located in the Warrnambool Botanic Gardens (2) a 68 Pounder Muzzle Loading Smooth Bore cast in 1861 at the equally august Low Moor Foundry, number 10310 and now located on the lawn area at the entrance to Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village. Both of these guns are mounted on their original wooden garrison carriages. There are only seven 32 Pounder SB made by Carron and fifteen 68 Pounder SB made at Low Moor known to exist in the State of Victoria (Conservation Management Plan for Victorian Guns and Cannon, South Western Victoria, May 2008, ref W/F/05)The Warrnambool Garrison has been added to the Victorian Heritage Register H1250 “for its intact battery and guns, a strong reminder of Victoria’s wealth and determination to protect itself from the perceived threat of invasion in the 1880’s.” The City of Warrnambool is one of several custodians of a collection of artillery pieces of heritage significance at a state, national and international level. These pieces are directly related to the defence of south-west Victoria in the 19th century. The care and preservation come under the Heritage Act 1995. Cannon. 80 Pound Rifled Muzzle Loading (RML) Gun on iron carriage and slide, installed in the Battery at Flagstaff Hill’s Fortifications. Made in 1866 at the Royal Gun Factory (R-G-F), Woolich, England. Gun Reg No 13. Flagstaff Hill Garrison Gun 2 (Gun No. 2). Insignia of the Royal Engineers, and the weight of the gun, stamped on top of the gun’s barrel. There is a brass plate on the side of the gun with the details of 1987 restoration.Stamped into the metal on top of the barrel, Insignia of the Royal Engineers; Garter and Motto “HONI SOIT QUI MAL Y PENSE”, surmounted by the Crown, with the Royal Cypher of Queen Victoria “VR” within the Garter. Also stamped on top of the gun are 2 inward pointing arrows above the weight ”81-1-12”. Brass plate “RESTORATION / BY / FIRST YEAR / APPRENTICES / ORDANANCE FACTORY / BENDIGO 1987”flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, colonial defences, victoria’s coastal defences, warrnambool fortification, warrnambool garrison battery, warrnambool volunteer corps, ordinance, armaments, cannon hill fortifications, 4th australian light horse regiment, no 4 field battery, 80 pound cannon rifled muzzle loaders (rml), victorian colonial government, royal gun factory england, woolwich arsenal, royal cypher of queen victoria, garrison gun

This 1813 cannon is classified as a carronade, having been made by the Carron Ironworks foundry in Stirling, Scotland in 1813. It is a large calibre, short range, gun mainly used on ships. The carronade model of cannon was first used when introduced into the British Royal Navy in the American War of the Revolution (1775-1883). This cannon was originally a 28pdr, 48cwt, 8ft gun. The date ‘1837’ on the barrel probably indicates the date that the Board of Ordinance accepted the change in size to a 32pdr. It may originally have been a naval gun and the conversion undertaken when it was brought ashore. It is very probably one of the 15 guns that are known to have constituted the defences of Victoria in 1860. This group of 32pdrs was the shorter model of the 4800width and 8ft length cannon and as such are different from the 32pdrs found in NSW. It was originally located on Cannon Hill in Warrnambool when it was the site of the Warrnambool Battery Western Artillery, formed in 1866. It was obsolete by the time of the 1887 fortifications, and was moved from the Warrnambool Fortifications to the Botanic Gardens in 1910, when the Fortifications were declared obsolete. HISTORIC INFORMATION ABOUT THE CANNON IN THE WARRNAMBOOL AREA In the years following the Crimean War (1854-1857J) there was a great concern in the Colony that Imperial Russia would attempt an invasion. Coastal defences in the colony of Victoria were greatly strengthened by the Government as a result. Warrnambool was originally protected by cannons at Cannon Hill, approximately 1 kilometer west of the Flagstaff Hill Fortifications. The cannons included two 1866 guns, both 80 Pound Rifled Muzzle Loaders (RML) purchased by Victoria’s Colonial Government. They were part of a shipment of 26 such guns sent from England in December 1866. They are registered as No. 23 (80cwt-2qr-0lbs) - Gun 1, and No.13 (81cwt-1qr-12lbs) - Gun 2. They were cast at the Royal Gun Factory, Woolwich Arsenal, in 1866 and have a 6.3 inch bore. Both barrels carry the Royal Cypher of Queen Victoria, Insignia of the Royal Engineers, within the Garter and Motto surmounted by the Crown, with the Royal Cypher of Queen Victoria within the Garter (letters in centre “VR”, motto “HONI SOIT QUI MAL Y PENSE”, "Shame be to him who thinks evil of it."). The guns were originally supplied with wooden carriages. (The Royal Arsenal at Woolwich, England, was established eleven years after the Restoration of King Charles II. It was the principal supplier of armaments to the British and Empire Governments. At the height of its operations during World War One the factory covered 1300 acres and employed very nearly 80,000 workers. Woolwich was the Headquarters of the Royal Artillery since the raising of that Regiment in 1716. The Arsenal was closed in the late 1960’s.) The two 80pdr cannons were transferred to the Warrnambool Garrison Artillery Battery Fortifications erected at Flagstaff Hill in 1887 as part of Victoria’s Coastal Defences. The original wooden carriages were subsequently replaced with the present iron garrison carriages in 1888. They are a “C” pivot. The ‘racers’ or curved track set into the floor of the gun emplacement (which enabled the guns to be traversed more quickly) are as specified for guns up to 10 inch, being of wrought iron 2.78 inches wide. A temporary third gun, now no longer on Flagstaff Hill’s site, was a 5 inch Rifled Breech Loading (BL) Armstrong gun mounted on an Elswick hydro pneumatic disappearing carriage It was faster to load and fire than the 80 pound RMLs and its arrival spelt the end of the older 80 pound guns’ useful life, apart from being used for practice sessions. The 5 inch BL gun was the main defensive weapon of the Warrnambool Battery until the Battery was downgraded in importance and the gun was recalled to Melbourne in 1910. The gun emplacement still remains in place set between the 2 80pdr cannon. The State of Victoria took over the ownership of the guns at the time of Australian Federation in 1901. In about 1901/1902 the Garrison Battery was converted to the Warrnambool Battery of the Australian Field Artillery (No 4 Field Battery). It was equipped with 4.7 inch naval guns mounted on field carriages. They were now a mobile unit but continued to use the Warrnambool Garrison area at Flagstaff Hill for practice. When the Fortifications were declared obsolete the two 80 Pounder RML were relocated to Cannon Hill in 1910. On the outbreak of World War 1 the 4.7 inch guns were recalled to Melbourne, and the Battery was disbanded. Most of the personnel probably re-enlisted in the local 4th Australian Light Horse Regiment. The two 80 Pounder RML were moved back to the Fortifications in 1973. They were both fully restored by Army First Year Apprentices at the Ordinance Factory in Bendigo in time for the centenary year of the fortifications in 1987. The guns are capable of firing 80 pound (32.3kg) armour piercing exploding shells 3.65kms out to sea. They were original manned by volunteers before a paid Garrison was established. Now the Guns are again fired by volunteers on Special Event days. Since restoration the Gun Number 1 had been fired on a regular basis but Gun Number 2 hadn’t been fired since the mid 1990’s. In April 2015 Gun Number 2 was serviced in preparation for the firing of both cannons on the ANZAC Centenary commemorations on April 25th 2015. Other guns from the original Cannon Hill location were obsolete by the time the 1887 Warrnambool Garrison Artillery Battery was built. These guns are (1) a 32 Pounder Muzzle Loading Smooth Bore (SB) cast in 1813 at the famous Carron Foundry, number 80837 and now located in the Warrnambool Botanic Gardens. It is now mounted on a replica carriage due to the original carriage being in a fragile condition (the original carriage stored under cover at Flagstaff Hill). (2) a 68 Pounder Muzzle Loading Smooth Bore cast in 1861 at the equally august Low Moor Foundry, number 10310 and now located on the lawn area at the entrance to Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village. It is still mounted on its original wooden garrison carriage. Its wooden slide compressor mechanism is fragile and now kept in Flagstaff Hill’s storage. There are only seven 32 Pounder SB made by Carron and fifteen 68 Pounder SB made at Low Moor known to exist in the State of Victoria Plaque attached to the carriage “This replica carriage was constructed by the Warrnambool Tritan Woodworkers club in conjunction with the generosity of local businesses and the Warrnambool community. The original carriage (circa 1860) was removed for restoration and is now located at Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village. The timber used for the replica carriage is Monterey Cypress, which was an early planting in the gardens. 2010 marked the centenary of the cannon’s relocation in the Warrnambool Botanic Gardens.” (Reference; Victorian Guns and Cannons, South Western Victoria Assessment, May 2008, item W/B/01; Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village datasheets and archives). There are only seven 32 Pounder SB made by Carron known to exist in the State of Victoria and this is one of them. On a world level, this cannon represents a high level of rarity. Further, as it has been modified (bored up) it is representative of the historical process of amending artillery in order to ensure a longer usefulness of each piece despite rapidly advancing artillery technology. The number of surviving carriages with traversing slides in this group in South Western Victoria is unique in Australia and probably in the World. Out of 10 such platforms surviving in Australia, the South Western Victorian group has half. Several survive around the world but probably not in such a large group. The wooden sliding compressor mechanism belonging to this cannon is extremely rare, and the only one in this South Western Victorian group of Guns and Cannons. As a whole, this cannon has undergone very little restoration or modification, giving it a high level of integrity. The City of Warrnambool is one of several custodians of a collection of artillery pieces of heritage significance at a state, national and international level. These pieces are directly related to the defence of south-west Victoria in the 19th century. The care and preservation come under the Heritage Act 1995. (Reference; Victorian Guns and Cannons, South Western Victoria Assessment, May 2008).Cannon, or carronade, 32pdr with wheels. Muzzle loading smooth bore (SB) cannon. Cannon has original wooden Burmese Teak carriage and slide with wrought iron fittings and iron wheels. Manufactured by Carron in Scotland, in 1813. It has been converted from a 28pdr. There is a loop for a rope on the cascabel, which was part of the original casting. Re-bored in 1837. Marks include Serial Number, Royal Cypher of King George III, broad arrow of proofing, and numbers to represent the weight. NOTE: The cannon is displayed in the Warrnambool Botanic Gardens and is mounted on a replica wooden carriage; the original wooden carriage is now stored under cover at Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village. This carriage has 4 wheels on swivel attachments and a central gear that allows the wheels to turn on rails. Pressed into left trunnion “80837 / CARRON / 1813”, cast on barrel“symbol (Royal Cypher of King George III”, “symbol (broad arrow of proofing)” and numbers “45-3-24 / 1837” . Cascable “CV” and marks with gradations from nought to three in quarters on each side, On the carriage the end of one of the main slide members carries the mark “W symbol (broad arrow) D” incised into the timber. Plaque attached to the carriage by the Warrnambool Tritan Woodworkers club, 2010, marking the centenary of the cannon’s relocation in the Warrnambool Botanic Gardens and the addition of the replica carriage. flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, victoria’s coastal defences, warrnambool fortification, warrnambool garrison battery, ordinance, armaments, cannon hill fortifications, victorian colonial government, carron ironwroks foundary, 32pdr smooth bore cannon, 28pdr smooth bore cannon, 1813 cannon, carronade

Alan Richardson was born in 1853 and died in 1936. He was a sawmiller at Tabbara who built and held the ticket for the Paddle Steamer Curlip. PS Curlip was registered in 1893 and the Passenger Certificate issued on 30th January 1903 to Captain Alan Richardson by the Marine Board of Victoria entitled her to carry 25 passengers and only 10 passengers when engaged in towage service. Two children under 12 years of age to be reckoned as one passenger. He had the first horseless motor buggy in Orbost. Alan Richardson was married to Emily Dawson and had two children - Alan Jnr and Ruth.Before the First World War, few people in Australia owned or knew how to drive cars before they bought them. This International auto buggy was promoted as a useful vehicle for station owners, farmers, doctors, and town and country salesmen. It was said to be the cheapest automobile in Australia (at one third the cost of a conventional car), required much less maintenance, had durable solid rubber tyres rather than troublesome pneumatic ones, and didn’t need a chauffeur. This is a pictorial record of a "horseless buggy" which would have been a novelty in the early 20th century in Orbost. The item is associated with the Richardson family, early Orbost settlers.A small black / white photograph of a motor vehicle with a man seated at the steering wheel. The vehicle has large buggy wheels with mud guards. It is open with no windows.transport motor-vehicle horseless-buggy richardson-alan

This tyre was probably used on a car or light truck. this item is an example of an early rubber tyre used in Orbost before the common use of pneumatic tyres.A solid rubber tyre on a rusted metal rim. FIRESTONE SOLID TYRE 100M/M For 8?670 RIM NOMINAL 820x100 M/M = MFU BY THE FIRESTONE TYRE AND RUBBER CO. AKRON U.S.A.tyre transport firestone

Hard cover book. Fold out map showing auriferous areas and mineral localities in Victoria, 1935victoria, gold, minerals, 1935, geological map, hydrolic sluicing, panning, pneumatic drill, puddling machine, bendigo, coal mine, wonthaggi, yallourn, jamieson valley, geological school, melbourne university, mount buffalo, electric power station, briquette factory, mines department, george brown, secretary of mines, e.j. hogan, minister of mines, mining

Photograph included in book "Victoria: Gold and Minerals" issued by Mines Department Victoria, 1935Photographvictoria, underground drilling, pneumatic drill, rail tracks, hand pushed cart, gold mining, mining, tools