Significant in being a detailed set of instructions for punching tickets for various sections and journeys on the Ballarat system. Gives details for each fare type. Issued following a fare increase.Set of two foolscap sheets duplicated, titled "Sections - Increased Fares and Check Identification", dated 1 September 1966. Gives details of the increased fares details and how it applied for each section on the tramway by fare value. Gives details of what punch destination number to punch on the tickets, in bound and out bound. See Reg Item 4123 for the 13/10/1965 photocopied version - pre-decimal and Reg Item 4134 for the original. trams, tramways, ballarat, tickets, fares, conductors

The last ticket to be issued by the conductor of the last SEC operated tram (see Reg Item 1950 for the 2nd last ticket) in Ballarat. Issued to Ray Hall by Lew Walker and marked on rear as such.Two SEC tickets - 18c and 16c. 18c - ticket standard issue at the time - A407234 - See Reg Item 1724 for full details. SEC 16c ticket - yellow ink on off white paper, denomination 16c, lettered A521545, headed State Electricity Commission of Victoria, Provincial Tramways. On rear in yellow ink is a SEC advertisement "ELECTRICITY makes life easier" with the SEC's little boy wrapped in a towel logo. The ticket number is in black ink. On rear in black ink are words "Last ticket issued on Ballarat Tramways Sept 19, 1971. By Conductor L. Walker No 54 on last car 40 from Sebastopol to depot." See Reg Item 1950 for the "2nd last ticket" Were stored in a small brown plastic holder - located with worksheet. See History of ticket A521545 - returned to Walker family via Kerry Walker 28/1/2008. See also Reg Items 259, 1950, 6140, 6246, 6977 for other "last tickets".trams, tramways, secv, tickets

The drawing is very detailed showing streets, cross streets, route, loops, schools, woollen mills, ovals, sections, track phones, stops, route and track miles, pedestrian crossings, railway stations and notes on through route mileages.Print of a drawing showing in very good detail, the schematic layout of the Geelong Tram system. Produced in 1953 and sent to Tramway Supt. in 1970 for his records. Gives very detailed information on another SEC tramway system.Dyeline print of SEC Drawing No. GE-T13-8829, titled "Schematic Diagram Geelong Tramway Routes". Drawing prepared 27/8/1953. Stapled to the top right hand corner of the sheet is a SEC memo form from finance section, distribution services to the Dept. Tramway Superintendent, Ballarat, dated 6-2-1970 forwarding Les Denmead the plan. Was unstapled during the 1/2008 copying of the drawing. On top right hand corner of drawing, "Ballarat Tramway Preservation Society Catalogue No. 605" in ink and on rear in two places "Geelong Tramways" and one "BTPS 605"geelong, map, track layout, tram stops

Demonstrates aspects of the Ballarat Tramways crewing arrangements, when standby's were available to cover crews who did not report in or left early or unavailable or running late. Allowed the inspectors to know when crews were available to cover late running etc. Produced for the Sept. 1966 rosterLarge format carbon copy typed sheet - titled "Stand by" dated 29th August 1966. Gives Run and time along the top heading and then broken up into each run for Weekdays, Saturdays and Sundays showing in a line chart form the standby times for each run, including conductors. Shows starting and finishing time of each standby shift.In the top right hand corner " BTPS 812" in black ink.trams, tramways, rosters, crews, stand by, ballarat, timetables

Yields historical notes about the method of track construction in Bendigo, the poor condition of the rails at the time of the report and the need to do work at Charing Cross.Typed foolscap sheet note or report titled "Bendigo Tramways - Tracks". Gives notes on the track construction methods of ESCo and reconstruction by the SEC. In the section titled 'Present Condition of Tracks". Note says need to obtain photographs and comments as for Ballarat. Also mentions that the CRB is anxious to re-deck the bridge running under Charing Cross - written date? Probably written for a report into the tramways by the SEC as part of a recommendation to close them. Appears to have been written in Ballarat, no mention of Geelong, so assume sometime in the 1960's.'BTPS 410" in top right hand corner.trams, tramways, bendigo, sec, esco, history, track, charing cross

Demonstrates aspects of the Ballarat Tramways system of training Motorman or drivers in the 1960's and the information there were given on driving trams. Shows the training methods of the time. 3486.1 - also details "Dead Man Brakes"Thirty Three page - carbon copy - within stapled light card covers - Ballarat Motorman (Driver) Training Manual or Guide - not a formal title. On front cover is large letter "G" and words "To be returned to the inspectors office after completion of Training as Motorman" First four pages has index and covers: (A) Tramcar Equipment - electrical - items or clauses 1 to 28 (B) Location of Faults - items 29 - 41 (C) Tramcar Braking - items 42 to 59 (D) Failure of the Mechanical Brakes - items 60 to 67 (E) Tramcar Emergency Braking (Accident Prevention) - items 68 - 72 (F) Automatic Electric Signals - items 73 - 82 - gives locations of signals. (G) General Instructions - items 83 to 98. See condition notes - not in the best condition - needs careful handling. 3486.4 - ditto - similar to above, but 34 pages through to instruction 104. Added section (F) after (E) - "Automatic Braking - clauses 72 - 79, possibly an earlier version of above when trams were fitted with dead man controls. Held within a cardboard folder with a metal binder. Cover has been covered with brown paper and adhesive tape, but only remains on the inside of the cover. Item added 3/10/2007. See Reg Item 8110i for a Bendigo, c1940 version.See above 3486.1 - has "Hall G - M.Cond" on front cover. Another name has been rubbed out.trams, tramways, driver training, sec, signals, braking, equipment, emergency, dead man controls

Demonstrates aspects of the method of selling advertising space inside tramcars by the SEC and gives rates.Pamphlet - folded card - giving advertising rates for Geelong, Bendigo and Ballarat tramcars. Details the number of trams in each city, the rates for a standard size internal card, based on the number of cards, larger cards, half yearly and quarterly. Gives reasons why you should advertise. Has the same name, telephone number and the name "Alan Davis Pty Ltd of 149 Castlereagh St Sydney" on the card as well. Not sure of their relationship. On the front small folded section, an image of an owl and the statement "Be Wise and Advertise". Two copies held.On both copies in black ink "BTPS Cat No. 614".tramways, trams, advertisements, ballarat, bendigo, geelong

Yields information on all three SEC systems through the publication of a book, especially with many Ballarat photos contained in the book. Has photos not previously published or since published. Sixteen page book plus card covers titled "The Reconstruction of The Victorian Provincial Tramways", an illustrated account of the Victorian provincial tramways prior to and after take-over by the State Electricity Commission of Victoria and the work done to rehabilitate them for further service. Compiled by Bob Prentice, published by the Haddon Tramway Workshops 1976. Outlines the creation of the SEC, the takeover of the private companies by the SEC and the question who would run their tramways, the condition of the tramways at the time of the SEC takeover, reconstruction work and maps of Geelong, Ballarat and Bendigo. Has a line drawing of Geelong No. 4 on title page. pdf scan of book added 19-3-2017 - image i5.trams, tramways, ballarat, bendigo, geelong, sec, reconstruction, map

Demonstrates aspects of the SEC governance system in issuing By-laws for the travelling public, as part of their Act. Yields information about fares charged for tram services in Ballarat, Bendigo and Geelong. Issued to crews.Twenty page booklet, plus medium weight card light blue colour covers centre stapled. Book cover has title "Electric Tramways of the State Electricity Commission of Victoria, By-Law No. 11". Along the bottom edge is the date, "August 1951" and SEC print number - "TYE 1-27" Pages are numbered pages 1 to 20. Document give by-laws and amends the fare schedules for Ballarat, Geelong and Bendigo. Dated by the SEC 19/7/1951 to come into effect 1/7/1951 Details names of SEC Commissioners on rear page. No printer details. See also Reg Item 3112 for other copies and a full pdf copy. 2nd copy added 17/1/2007. See Fares in Ballarat – from Alan Bradley 11/4/2005 – appendix for Book Fare schedules on pages 13 to 19 have been crossed out in blue ink., 2nd copy has "R. Courtney" in ink on front cover, no alterations to rest of the book.trams, tramways, secv rules, by laws, tickets, fares, ballarat, bendigo

Demonstrates aspects of the Ballarat Tramways notices for tables or rosters provided to crews - could have been copied by the crew from the sheet.Was contained within Reg Item 3519 in which located in the filing cabinet 8/2006. Typed carbon copy sheet giving details for Run No. 25, Monday to Friday - includes Grey St. Run details where the driver/conductor would sign on, time, the trips, meal breaks, finish time. Date unknown - would have to compare with other documents - could be 1950's. trams, tramways, timetables, sec, ballarat, crews

Yields information about Ballarat tram 22 (later 29) when dressed for the Floral Festival and the launch of the tram. Digital image and negative from the Wal Jack Ballarat Album of Ballarat No. 29 dressed or decorated for the 1939 floral festival with the SEC hostesses alongside. See also Reg Item 2911. titled - "Ballarat Floral Festival 1939-" See Reg Item 7000 for a hand coloured image.trams, tramways, secv, floral tram, decorated trams, 1939 floral festival

Black and White photograph of a very faded and damaged SEC emblem / logo / coat of arms on the side of a Bendigo tram. Photo by George Bishop 12/1971.On the back of the photos in ink on a label "State Electricity Commission of Victoria coat of arms photographed December 1971 Bendigo" and "Photo G. Bishop" in pencil.tramways, trams, bendigo, signs, secv, logos, tramcar component

Yields information in movie film format of Ballarat trams in 1960, how the system operated and was used by people., Yields information in movie film format of Ballarat trams in 1960, how the system operated and was used by people.Movie film - 8mm, approx. 17.5 mins, with leader strip on a plastic reel, within a black and white plastic box, titled "Ballarat No. 1. 1960" contained with a cardboard box, 'Tuscan Super 8 and Standard 8 Spool and Can' . Has been transferred to DVD - see Reg item 4100 as Segment No. 1. Filmed and made by Ben Parle. Also transferred to DVD by Rod Cook Oct. 2015, via Roger Greenwood for use in his DVD, "The City of Ballarat Trams, Gardens & Gold" of 2016. See Reg Item 6883. Synopsis: based on time. 0:00 Starts with bogies cars crossing railway level crossing (34?, 39?) 0:30 SEC Logo 0:45 Ballarat Station sign and intro “Some City Scenes” 0:49 35 turning from Lydiard St Nth to Sturt St towards Grenville St with Commonwealth Bank in view. and then 42 returning 1:19 42 showing Mt Pleasant, turns from Sturt St into Lydiard St Nth 1:53 Tramway road works in Lydiard St Nth, near intersection with Mair St with Jelbart Road roller in use, starts with an SEC roadworks sign. 2:12 39 passing the works out bound to Lydiard St Nth. 2:46 Good view of the roller working before 35 arrives. 3:01 35 passing the works in bound with 3:29 14 crossing Lydiard St in Sturt St, towards Grenville St 3:47 Trams in City Loop 3:55 21 coming up the hill 4:04 31 entering Bridge St from Sturt St with Bucks Head Hotel in the background. 4:27 Overhead work at corner of Sturt and Lydiard, with view of the sign at the City terminus “Trams leave here for Sebastopol, Gardens, View Point.” 4:34 Passengers getting off and then onto 38, ex Lydiard St Nth at city terminus including a young lady wearing gloves and a wheeling a pram hurriedly the photographer. A number of other prams in the view as well as. The Conductor helps to unload the pram. 5:07 41 proceeding up Sturt St, appears to have just rained. 5:26 11 using the Dawson St crossover, with a motor car doing a U turn as well. 6:00 14 descending Sturt St towards the City, filmed at Dawson St. 6:11 Title “The Gardens via Drummond St North Line” 6:16 19 showing Victoria St, turning from Drummond St Nth into Sturt St. 6:28 30 inbound in Drummond St Nth, approach and trailing shots. Trailing shot ahs the hospital in the background. 6:49 31 outbound, Drummond St Nth, approach and trailing shots, trees are in autumn colours. 7:04 12, inbound Drummond St Nth, with Macarthur St in the background, stopping to pick up a lady, approach and trailing shots and then entering the Mill St crossing loop. 7:53 14 outbound in Drummond St Nth, dropping a lady passenger off and then turning into Macarthur St and then tram going away. 8:37 View of overhead junction at View Point Jtn. 8:45 View of “Cars Stop Here” sign and pole sign “To City Only” 8:55 30 inbound in Wendouree Parade, stops to pick up passenger, and then a trailing shot of tram entering Macarthur St loop 9:37 View of “Cars Stop Here”, “End of Section” and timetable boards at Haddon St. 9:50 34, pausing at Haddon St and then proceeding towards depot – approach and trailing shots, with “Warning Oncoming Trams” sign in shot. 10:27 “Warning Oncoming Trams” sign 10:32 34 crossing 12 at the Martin Ave loop 10:48 39? Wendouree Parade, near Barrett Ave, stopping and letting off passengers. 11:24 30 passing depot junction and then trailing shot of it entering Tram Sheds or Depot Loop and then proceeding towards the City. 12:11 Shot of the “Caution Beware of Trams” sign at the depot. 12:14 25 stopping at depot junction and then trailing shot of it going toward Forrest St. 12:47 12 passing Depot Junction, trailing shot. 13:07 Shot of :Electricity Supply Department, Ballarat Branch” sign at depot. 13:13 View of a destination showing “Depot” on a bogie tram 13:15 Title “Some Depot Scenes” 13:19 View of a trolley pole and then 13 leaving the depot through the gates, destination showing “View Point”. 13:54 View of trolley pole and then 32 stopping at the depot gates. 14:08 12 (Sunny view) running out onto Wendouree Parade and then a bogie tram approaching Depot Loop. 14:43 View of 42 running in with a single trucker behind in Wendouree Parade, and another single trucker running out. 15:02 Title “Some Scenes in the Gardens” 15:05 25 running through the Gardens, approach and trailing shots, near our Depot Junction. 15:55 View of “No Parking East of Loop” sign 15:59 View of overhead and then trackwork (with points removed), but overhead still in position at the Old Gardens Loop or Gardens South Loop and then 12 entering the loop from the south and then a trailing shot looking along the Parade. 16:33 View of “Cars Stop Here” and “End of Section” and then timetable boards at Gardens Loop. 16:55 View of 34 leaving the loop 17:14 Title “The End”Written labels giving title information on outside of box.trams, tramways, ballarat, sebastopol, lydiard st north, victoria st, mt pleasant, sturt st west

Yields information and demonstrates aspects about Ballarat's destination rolls used in trams up to 1967 when the rolls were replaced with the opposite colour arrangementDestination roll white lettering on black background used in Ballarat until late 1967, replaced by black letters on white background. Layout of individual destinations follows that shown in K.S.Kings, "Ballarat Tramways" - see image file for copy. Main letters are 150 high. Has a short section of white on the top of the roll and larger section at bottom. On rear of roll, has abbreviated destinations painted in white paint on black gloss paint to enable drivers to locate easier the individual destinations. Width - used on bogie trams? See also Reg Item 844 for another example - single truck roll and K.S.Kings "Ballarat Tramways" Not to be used in a tramcar destination box - original to be kept in archives.tram, trams, ballarat, destination roll

Significant in being a detailed set of instructions for punching tickets for various sections and journeys on the Ballarat system. Gives details for each fare type. Issued following a fare increase.Set of two foolscap sheets, photocopied onto A3 sheets, titled "Sections - Increased Fares and Check Identification", dated 13 October 1965. Gives details of the increased fares details and how it applied for each section on the tramway by fare value. Gives details of what punch destination number to punch on the tickets, in bound and out bound. See Reg Item 3458 for the 1/9/1966 version - post-decimal and Reg Item 4134 for the original of this document. trams, tramways, ballarat, tickets, fares, conductors

Demonstrates ticketing systems in Ballarat and in particular the use of a tourist ticket to enable people to travel around the whole of Ballarat on the trams. Yields information about the ticketting system and how surplus stocks were overprinted for future use. The same ticket stock could be used in all three of the SEC provincial tramways.Set of four SECV - Ballarat Tourist Tickets - 1/- on light weight card, light manilla colour - printed originally for the years 1944, 1945 and 1946, overprinted in red ink for 1947, 1948 and 1949. See Reg. item 499 for another example of the original ticket and Reg Item 2108 for another set of four tickets. Printed in black ink/ Ticket Numbers BA202592, 93, 94 and 95 in body of ticket. Static number (1 - 7) on left and right indicate when validated, the route used on. Each ticket has been stamped "CANCELLED" Form No. TYE 2-17 trams, tramways, secv, ballarat, tourist ticket, tickets

Significant in being a detailed set of instructions for punching tickets for various sections and journeys on the Ballarat system. Gives details for each fare type. Issued following a fare increase. Also a pre-decimal currency document.Set of two foolscap duplicated sheets, titled "Sections - Increased Fares and Check Identification", dated 13 October 1965. Gives details of the increased fares details and how it applied for each section on the tramway by fare value. Gives details of what punch destination number to punch on the tickets, in bound and out bound. See Reg Item 3458 for the 1/9/1966 version - post-decimal See Reg Item 4123 for a photocopy of this document on A4 sheets. trams, tramways, ballarat, tickets, fares, conductors

Demonstrates the way the SEC advised passengers in Ballarat and Bendigo how the fare and charges systems worked and yielded information about the fare charges in force at the time. A copy was provided in each tram behind framed glass.Dyeline print of a drawing showing Ballarat Tramway (SEC) Fares, Charges, and Section Map. Also gives charges for Scholar's Monthly tickets, Luggage, Parcels, Newspapers and Chartered trams. Originally dated November 1955, amended January 1962. All fares in shillings and pence. Titled - "Schedule of Fares and Charges - January 1962" See Reg Item 1731 for the following one, which this version amended again and 4136 for the November 1955 version. Two additional copies found in depot collection 1/2011, added 5/1/2011. Has a pencil inscription "Fares didn't increase to 1/3/63" along site the date. Copies 2 and 3 no inscriptions.trams, tramways, ballarat, fares, sections, map

Demonstrates the way the SEC advised passengers in Ballarat and Bendigo how the fare and charges systems worked and yielded information about the fare charges in force at the time. A copy was provided in each tram behind framed glass.Dyeline print of a drawing showing Ballarat Tramway (SEC) Fares, Charges, and Section Map. Also gives charges for Scholar's Monthly tickets, Luggage, Parcels, Newspapers and Chartered trams. Originally dated November 1955. All fares in shillings and pence. Titled - "Schedule of Fares and Charges - November 1955" See Reg Item 1731 and 4135 for the following versions. Note May have not been made in November 1955, some printed versions have been seen. Two additional copies found in depot collection 1/2011, added 5/1/2011. trams, tramways, ballarat, fares, sections, map

Demonstrates the way the SEC advised passengers in Ballarat and Bendigo how the fare and charges systems worked and yielded information about the fare charges in force at the time. A copy was provided in each tram behind framed glass.Dyeline print of a drawing showing Ballarat Tramway (SEC) Fares, Charges, and Section Map. Also gives charges for Scholar's Monthly tickets, Luggage, Parcels, Newspapers and Chartered trams. Dated August 1965. All fares in shillings and pence. Titled - "Schedule of Fares and Charges - August 1965". Three Additional copies added 2/1/2020 trams, tramways, ballarat, fares, sections, map

Yields information about the Ballarat's tramcars in the mid 1960's before the white strip was extended under the dash canopy lighting.Black and white photograph of Ballarat No. 36 and a single truck car at the SEC's Depot Junction. No. 36 has the destination of Mt Pleasant, and a "Cook with Electricity" roof advertisement. A single truck stands behind.On the Rear in ink "Wendouree Pde, Ballarat 8/64" and a "L. Marshall-Wood Photograph" stamp on the rear.tramways, trams, wendouree parade, secv, depot junction, tram 36

Yields information about the Victoria St terminus, passengers and the tram liveries in 1963.Black and white print on heavy matt photographic paper of No. 20 at the Victoria St terminus, c1963. Tram has the destination of Gardens, a Cook with Electricity and Ilford Film roof advertisements and one for dancing at the Civil Hall on the front dash panel. A number of ladies, including one using a walking stick, walking away from the tram. The Meagher's Hotel is in the background, with the names DA and FC Dowd on the wall and an advertisement for Melbourne Bitter. 2nd copy - laser print - with date etc on rear - added 22/2/2010, copy from Ron Hann. Printed on Fujifilm, Fujicolour Crystal Archive for Frontier"On rear in pencil "20 Victoria St 1963" 2nd copy has label "Reference 6/113/10 Photo by Ron Hann" and another label "Ballarat 01.63"tramways, trams, victoria st, hotels, tram 20

Demonstrates an aspect and yields information about the reconstruction of the depot during the reconstruction by the SEC of the Ballarat Tramway system.Set of seven black and white prints of the reconditioning of the tramway depot tracks and pits during 1936 mounted onto a grey light cardboard sheet. Each photo about 65 x 90. Marked as "Series D1" in ink and a label - in on white paper - "Ballarat Tram Depot / Reconditioning of Tracks & Pits" at base of sheet. Produced by the SEC c1936. See Reg Items 1351 and 1352 for larger prints of these photographs.trams, tramways, depot, reconstruction, wendouree parade, trackwork

Demonstrates an aspect and yields information about the reconstruction and presentation of the tramcar fleet during the reconstruction by the SEC of the Ballarat Tramway system.Set of six black and white prints of the reconditioning of the tramcars during 1936 mounted onto a grey light cardboard sheet. Each photo about 65 x 90. Marked as "Series D3" in ink and a label - in on white paper - "Ballarat Rolling Stock / Reconditioning & Types" at the top of the sheet. Produced by the SEC c1936. Photographed at the depot. See Reg Items 1359, 541, and 1360 for larger prints of these photographs. Features trams 21, 22, 29 and Adelaide 69 prior to reconditioning and after. See Reg Item 4289 for a separate photo of No. 69 See image i2 for tram 21trams, tramways, depot, reconstruction, tramcars, adelaide, tram 21, tram 22, tram 29, tram 69

Demonstrates an aspect of tram operations and yields information about the accidents that some trams suffered and how this was presented following the reconstruction era by the SEC of the Ballarat Tramway system.Set of six black and white prints of accidents to trams 20 and 27, mounted onto a grey light cardboard sheet. Each photo about 65 x 90. Marked as "Series D4" in ink. Produced by the SEC c1936. See Reg Items 1364 and 1367 for larger prints of these photographs of these photographs and further details. trams, tramways, tramcars, accidents, collision, tram 20, tram 27

Demonstrates an aspect and yields information about the reconstruction of the depot and the installation of the wheel grinder during the reconstruction by the SEC of the Ballarat Tramway system.Set of five black and white prints of the wheel grinder installed into the depot mounted onto a grey light cardboard sheet. Each photo about 65 x 90. Marked as "Series D7" in ink and a label - in on white paper - "Ballarat Tram Depot / Wheel Grinder Installation" at base of sheet. Produced by the SEC c1936. See Reg Items 1353 for larger prints of these photographs for further details of this photograph.trams, tramways, depot, reconstruction, wendouree parade, wheel grinder

Yields information about the front of the SEC depot Ballarat following its refurbishment and set up to show off four trams, one on each track and prior to the installation of doors.Mounted photograph on black light weight card, of the front of the SEC Wendouree Parade tram depot, c1937, following the completion of the reconstruction work. Depot has not been fitted with doors, and has single truck trams 17, 27, 18, and 22 in front. Has a label, black ink on white paper "Rolling stocked Depot Wendouree Pde. Ballarat". Photo held in position with plastic photo holders. See Reg Items 504 for larger prints of these photographs for further details of this photograph.trams, tramways, depot, ballarat, reconstruction, rehabilitation, tram 17, tram 27, tram 18, tram 22

Yields information about the opening night of the Ballarat celebrations of the Centenary of Victoria with a decorated and illuminated tram provided by the SEC for the ceremony and those involved on the day. An original print of the photograph.Mounted photograph on black light weight card, of the Ballarat (SEC 1st) No. 23 decorated for the centenary of the founding of Victoria, 1838-1938. Has a label, black ink on white paper "Decorated Tramcar Opening Night Ballarat Centenary". Photo held in position with plastic photo holders along the top edge only. Photo early 1938. See Reg Items 1362.3 and 2524 for larger prints of these photographs for further details of this photograph.trams, tramways, secv, centenaries, illuminated trams, decorated trams, floral tram, tram 23

Yields information about the tram decorated for the Ballarat celebrations of the Victorian Centenary celebrations at night. Original print of this photograph.Mounted photograph on black light weight card, of the Ballarat (SEC 1st) No. 23 decorated for the centenary of the founding of Victoria, 1838-1938. Has a label, black ink on white paper "Decorated Tram-car by Night - Ballarat Centenary". Photo held in position with plastic photo holders along the top edge only. Photo early 1938. See Reg Items 1362.2 for larger prints of these photographs for further details of this photograph.trams, tramways, secv, centenaries, illuminated trams, decorated trams, floral tram, tram 23