The Trustees of the Australian Ex-Prisoners of War Memorial have defined a Prisoner of War to be a person who was captured by a common enemy and/or interned in a neutral or non-combatant country. To be defined an Australian Prisoner of War, the person needs to be either an Australian Born person serving in the Uniform of an Australian Service; or in the Uniform of a friendly country, or Born Elsewhere and serving in the Uniform of an Australian Service. A Prisoner is a person who has lost personal privileges, suffers deprivation of liberty or is unable to return home or dies in captivity.Colour photograph of a War Memorial designed by Peter Blizzard. The granite wall of the Australian Ex-Prisoners of War Memorial features a listing the names of Australian Prisoners and was opened on the 6th February 2004 by General Peter Cosgrove AM MC to recognise and remember over 36,000 Australians who became Prisoners of War during the Wars of the 20th Century. In 2008 the Memorial became the First Military Memorial of National Significance outside Canberra. The Memorial which was designed by Peter Blizzard OAM, symbolises that all Australian prisoners embarked on a journey to serve away from their homeland and acknowledges the hardship, deprivation, brutality, starvation and disease endured by Prisoners of War during their capture and the scars that many continued to endure upon their repatriation to Australia. Heritage Victoria describes the memorial in the following way" "A JOURNEY OF HONOUR, REMEMBRANCE AND HEALING - The Australian Ex-Prisoners of War Memorial is a dramatic and highly symbolic tribute to the sacrifice made by more than 35,000 young Australian service men and women in four theatres of war. At the heart of the monument is a stark, 130 metre long, highly polished black granite wall, engraved with the names of all Australian prisoners of war. The names on this 'honour roll' are listed in historical order from the Boer War in 1899, through to the Korean War in 1953. It is a testament to the contribution made by so many. Standing sentinel at the centre of the Memorial are six huge basalt obelisks, etched with the names of all the countries where Australians were held prisoner of war. The obelisks stand in a large reflective pool, set back from the central pathway, symbolising the distance that separated Australia's prisoners of war from their homes and their loved ones. Opposite the pool is a larger obelisk flanked by flagpoles and a ceremonial stone on which to lay wreaths. The central pathway is itself symbolic, with each of the paving stones cut in the shape of a railway sleeper. The pathway defines 'the journey' taken by the prisoners of war and the journey visitors take around the monument. At the end of the granite wall where the pathway ends, visitors face a large stone engraved simply 'Lest We Forget'. Water flows from beneath the stone, along the base of the granite wall and into the reflection pool in which the obelisks stand. This cycle of flowing water, symbolising spirituality, healing, cleansing, birth and rebirth, guides visitors on their journey through the Memorial." ballarat, ballarat botanical gardens, peter blizzard, ballarat north gardens, war memorial, prisoner of war, prisoners of war

Two letters on Melbourne Legacy letterhead to Mrs Lois Hurse, the War Widows' Guild president in 1970. The address showed the Guild was also known as The Vasey Housing Auxiliary (War Widows' Guild) Ltd. Both letters discuss the 45 bed nursing home that the Guild was establishing in Church Street Brighton. One is signed by the Executive Officer Ivan Layton and the other by EP Evans the Hon. Secretary. The letters were returned to Legacy by the Guild when the Guild closed. The War Widows Guild was founded by Mrs J M Vasey, the wife of Major-General Vasey. During the second world war she became secretary of the AIF Women's Association, a body which sought to help soldiers' wives. Her work with this body drew her attention to the plight of war widows. After Major-General George Alan Vasey died in an aircraft accident on 5 March 1945 she became a widow herself. At the end of the war Mrs Vasey founded the War Widows Guild. The Victorian War Widows Guild closed in 2021. Some items, including this letter, were donated to the Legacy archive for preservation - it shows a close bond between the two organisations. It was possible for a widow to be members of both Legacy and the War Widows Guild. Both organisations helped war widows in various ways.A record of a close link between Legacy and the War Widows Guild.White letter x 2 from Legacy to the War Widows' Guild in 1970.war widows guild, wwg

Photograph of a Greensborough Historical Society social barbeque held at War Memorial Park Greensborough on 31/03/2017.Digital photographs of GHS members War Memorial Park.greensborough war memorial park, greensborough historical society

In November 2001 Australian SAS troops joined the war in Afghanistan under the operation name "Operation Slipper." Australia's military contribution to the International Security Assistance Force mission in Afghanistan ended in 2014, making Operation Slipper Australia's longest running operation.This commemorative medallion features the tri-service colours, navy, red and light blue, representing the Australian Defence Force, and a golden bounding kangaroo to represent non-combatant contributions. Commemorative text encircles the kangaroo motif and Coat of Arms on the front and back, respectively.On front of medallion, "Operation Slipper", "Commemorating Australia's Operation/Afghanistan and the Middle East" On reverse, "Operation Slipper" and "2001 - 2014" and the Australian Coat of Arms.commemoration, operation slipper, afghanistan, australian army, middle east, international security assistance force

A badge made for War Widows Guild members to wear to show they were members. The Kookaburra is the symbol of the Guild. From the War Widows' Guild of Australia website: 'the Guild badge would feature the kookaburra, an industrious and cheerful bird who mated for life, was fearless and aggressive in the defence of its young and the area of territory it regarded as its own. The bird also had a unique call, not a song but a laugh; a chortle of rollicking mirth (to bring the widows back to laughter). Also, the kookaburra is a typically and completely Australian symbol, one that could be worn proudly by every widow whatever her creed or ideals. The kookaburra was also the mascot of the 7th Division of the 2nd AIF, commanded by Mrs Vasey’s husband, Major-General Vasey. Mrs J M Vasey was the founder and president of the War Widows Guild. During the second world war she became secretary of the AIF Women's Association, a body which sought to help soldiers' wives. Her work with this body drew her attention to the plight of war widows. After her husband Major-General George Alan Vasey died in an aircraft accident on 5 March 1945 she became a widow herself. At the end of the war Mrs Vasey founded the War Widows Guild, established on 22 November 1945. The Victorian War Widows Guild closed in 2021. Some items, including this badge, were donated to the Legacy archive for preservation. It was possible for a widow to be members of both Legacy and the War Widows Guild. Both organisations helped war widows in various ways.A identity badge of the War Widows Guild.Dark silver badge with a kookaburra logo and a butterfly clip.Engraved on reverse 'M2155' and stamped 'Property of War Widows' Guild'.war widows guild, wwg

The A.B.C. Band was formed in the early 1930's and performed for radio broadcasts and other events. Their Conductor Mr Harry Shugg was very famous in the banding community having previously conducted the Geelong Harbour Trust Band and at this time was conducting the Malvern Tramways Band. He was also active as an adjudicator of band competitions.The significance of this postcard is that it shows another aspect of the career of Harry Shugg and also the A.B.C. Military Band in its formative years.Rectangular black and white photograph printed on a postcard.Front: A.B.C. Military Band - Conductor: Harry Shugg Back: Post Card Correspondence | Address Australian Broadcasting Co. Ltd.harry shugg, a.b.c military band, malvern tramways band, geelong harbour trust band, victorian bands' league, victorian bands' association

The Military Merit Medal was founded by Emperor Franz Joseph 1st on March 12 1890. The Medal was awarded in both peacetime for meritorious service and in wartime for outstanding acts. ( Including bravery or military merit).Historic Significance.Bronze, Silver or Gold Medal with bust of the reigning Emperor on the obverse side. The words "SIGNUM LAUDIS" (Latin for "Sign of Praise") on the reverse. It is surrounded by a wreath of half - laurels and half- oak leaves. The medal is surmounted by a dual crowns "Karl 1st type" and worn from a tri-fold ribbon. On the ribbon there are two crossed swords.

Local Newspaper reporting on World War 2 Events - My War Part 14 - Dated 24/5/1941Local News Paper Reporting on World War 2 Events = Special Dated 24/5/1941The Sun Newspaper - Special - My War Part 14 - Reporting on Events - The Tragedy at CreteAustralians Fighting in Crete - Te Tragedy at Creteaustralians fighting in crete, world war 2 history, local newspaper dated 24/5/1941

Nine Chapters describing all aspects of Map Reproduction. 224 pages, including 8 appendices, glossary and indexA soft covered military manual, 224 pages of text, diagrams and annotated photographs"AHQ Survey Regiment" stamped inside front and back covers. Number "149" handwritten inside front cover.royal australian survey corps, rasvy, fortuna, army survey regiment, army svy regt, asr, mapping

Sheep Hills is located Sheep Hills in the northern Wimmera region, north-west Victoria between Warracknabeal and Minyip.The Sheep Hills cenataph is opposite the Mechanics' Institute. The cenotaph commemorates those from the district who served in World Wars One and Two and lists the names of those who died in the conflict. Sheep Hills War Memorialsheep hills, sheep hills cenataph, sheep hills war memorial, allan albert, walter robert childs, joseph william darling, william pleass gove, george laing, herman percy robert schultz

Most probabaly purchased by Harry Holmes.World War One official war postcard showing a number of troops walking along a path.world war one, harry holmes, soldiers, western front

This photograph shows a local with a military device.Digital copy of black and white photograph. No caption on this photo.charles marshall, world war 1

an historical look at military intelligence mishapsIn this controversial, eye-opening book, a long-serving professional military intelligence officer examines and analyzes the mistakes in military judgment that have resulted in some of the major catastrophes in the air, at sea, and on the battlefield since the crushing defeat of Napoleon at Waterloo in 1815. Colonel John Hughes-Wilson not only explores how events have conspired to cause disasters in modern military history but also demonstrates why -- and the reason more often than not lies in the failure of politicians and seasoned generals alike to understand and appreciate fully the value of crucial intelligence information. Hughes-Wilson shows how, for one instance, American bureaucratic bungling and inter-service rivalries collaborated with the Japanese in their devastating attack on Pearl Harbor -- despite the fact that the US was monitoring Japan's top-secret radio traffic -- and he reveals why, for another, the Viet Cong's Tet Offensive of 1968 took the world's most technologically advanced army completely by surprise. In Hitler's Berlin as in Saddam Hussein's Baghdad, this book discloses the lapses, errors, miscalculations, and under-estimations of military intelligence that have shaped our wars and defined our timessoft cover non fiction book

World War 2 Souvenir.Brooch - metal, diamond shaped filigree work. Australian Military Coat of Arms."AIF" Australian Commonwealth Military Forces.souvenir, ww2, brooch

These badges or insignia are probably British and belong to artillery and infantry military units but no further information has been found regarding them. They were probably attached to the shoulder pad or other part of the military uniform.These items have no known local provenance but are kept for display purposes..1 A metal badge or piece of insignia with two crossed cannons and a bursting bomb and the number 158 in the centre of the bomb. .2 A metal badge or piece of insignia in the shape of a shield with two crossed cannons, a wheel and flame. There are three metal rings at the back for affixing the item to part of a uniform. .3 A metal badge or piece of insignia with two crossed rifles, a circle with the number 158 and a crown atop. .4 A metal badge or piece of insignia in the form of a shield with two crossed cannons and a bursting bomb. There are three metal rings at the back for attachment to part of a uniform. 158military insignia, history of warrnambool, badges

Part of the Cooper Collection.1. Gold coloured metal medallion. The obverse features the Australian Coat of Arms with text "WORLD WAR II, SERVICE TO AUSTRALIA. The reverse symbolises land (Army) Sea (Navy) and Air (RAAF) on a stylized map of Australia. Text "WORLD WAR II, 60 YEARS, 1945-2005". 2. Black coloured cardboard box with hinged lid and magnetic catch. Navy blue felt covered insert to fit medallion. Gold coloured text on top of and inside of box. 3. Four page insert with text. 4. Commemorative certificate with text.2. Printed in gold on cover: 'Australian Government, Department of Veterans Affairs.' Australian Coat of Arms above text. Printed on inside of bar in gold text: "60th Anniversary of the end of World War II, for Services to Australia." 3. cooper collection, ww2, memorabilia, commemorative medallion

These badges were produced in 1917 to provide funds for the Lady Mayoress’ Fund during World War One. This fund was largely involved in funding canteens and other comforts for the servicemen during World War One..1 A metal badge with a gold rim, a dark gold background, a cream-coloured map of Australia with red printing and five stars representing the Southern Cross (one smaller star may represent Tasmania). The badge has a metal clip at the back and is somewhat rusted. .2 as above I will help until the war is won Copyright S & S (?) world war one, history of warrnambool, lady mayoress’ fund

Elizabeth Nelson on eMelbourne has written that: "War Savings Streets were street-based savings groups that participated in the national war savings campaign during World War II. In May 1940 the Australian Government launched its Savings Certificates scheme which encouraged civilians to invest in the national war effort. Organisers of the savings campaign targeted Melbourne's suburbs individually with the aim of enlisting street savings groups. Each street group had a volunteer secretary who regularly sold war savings certificates to, and collected money from, other residents. The large number of war savings streets operating successfully in Melbourne made a significant contribution to the war effort."War Savings Street Street sign, presented to residents of Argyle Road, Kew (Vic) in 1942.Handwritten on reverse "Argyle Road Kew [Vic] 1942"second world war 1939-1945 - kew (vic), second world war 1939-1945 - fundraising, war savings street signs, ww2 -- savings certificates scheme

Instituted in 1914, the Military Cross (MC) was issued for gallantry in presence of the enemy to warrant and junior officers of the Army who were ineligible (on account of their rank) for the Distinguished Service Order. During the First World War, it was also available to equivalent ranks in the Royal Naval Division and Royal Marines and it later became available to equivalent ranks in the RAF for acts of gallantry on land. The equivalent award for the other ranks for gallantry on land in presence of the enemy was the Military Medal (MM) which had been instituted in 1916 and, similarly to the MC, later became available to RAF other ranks serving on the ground. This medal was awared to Pte H. S Holgate for bravery in the field in 1917. Pte Holgate was killed in action at Zonnebeke 11 October 1917. Historical and social significance for schoolSilver medal with a swivelling suspension. features King George the V, uncrowned, in Field Marshal's uniform on the obverse. The medal reverse depicts the crowned royal cypher over the words "FOR BRAVERY IN THE FIELD" all within a laurel wreath. Impressed around edge are the recipient's details. The ribbon has a central stripe of thin red and white lines flanked by equally sized stripes of navy. Inscribed around obverse: 'GEORGIVS V BRITT: O[M]N: REX ET IND: IMP:' Inscribed in centre of reverse below royal insignia : 'FOR/BRAVERY/IN THE/FIELD' Impressed around OUTER edge of medal: '4303 PTE H. S. HOLGATE. 8/COY AUST. M.G.C.' Notation on original box A./Cpl H.S.Holgate 29Bn AIF 51531/Decd. 43031917, medals, military medal, world war i, w w 1, holgate, private h s holgate, zonnebeke, holgate medal

Law manual applicable to Australian Army personnel from 1941. This effectively applied British military law. In 1982 the Defence Force Discipline Act of the Australian Parliament established a framework of military law for Australia's circumstances. Hard cover bookOn front cover in gold lettering- "A Sqn (ARA) 4/19 PWLH" On fly leaf, rubber stamps - "A SQN 1 CAV REGT. Inscription in red ink - "This book is the personal property of ; -J.B.Larkman" and rubber stamp - "WO2 SSM A SQN" On title page - Rubber stamps - "A Sqn (ARA) 4/19 PWLH" and "A SQN 1 CAV REGT" Detailed records of amendments entered in red ink on Amendments pages from Serial 1, 30 Nov 41 to Serial 9, 31 July 1948 military law, world war 2

The British War Medal 1914-20 was iInstituted by King George V in 1919 to mark the end of World War I and record the service given. The qualification period was later extended to cover post-war mine clearance and service in Russia during 1919 and 1920. The British War Medal was awarded for service in a theatre of war between 5 August 1914 and 11 November 1918. Those eligible included members of women's organisations; persons on the staffs of military hospitals and members of recognised organisations who handled sick and wounded; and members of other duly recognised or other authorised organisations as specified in medal regulations. The qualification period was later extended to cover post-war mine clearance and service in Russia during 1919 and 1920. Lieut E. S. Holgate was mentioned in despatches for Gallantry in the Field 24/25 April 1918. He was killed in action at Villers-Bretonneux, 27 April, 1918. The British War Medal completes a trio of medals awarded to Lieut. E. S. Holgate, including the 1914-15 Star and the Victory Medal. The Holgate medals were the first war medals held by BCC archives. They have historical and social significance for the College.The British War Medal is round and made of cupro-nickel. It features the effigy of George V on the obverse. The reverse has an image of St George on horseback trampling underfoot the eagle shield of the Central Powers, and a skull and cross-bones, the emblems of death. Above this is the risen sun of victory. The British War Medal has a wide central watered stripe of orange, flanked by two narrow white stripes, which are in turn flanked by two black pin-stripes, further flanked by two outer stripes of purple. The colours have no particular significance. Impressed around edge are the recipient's details. Inscribed around outer edge of obverse: 'GEORGEIVS V BRITT. OMN:REX ET IND:IMP:' Impressed around edge of medal: 'LIEUT.E.S.HOLGATE. A.I.F.' Inscribed on the reverse '1914 1918'medal, 1918, world war 1, british war medal, w w 1, holgate, a i f, australian imperial force, holgate e s, holgate medal

Grave plaque at German War Cemetery- Internee Arnold Aussem who died while in Camp 1.Colour photograph of the grave of an internee, at the German War Cemetery Tatura.

Photograph of the War Memorial at Langensalza. The post card was sent by Ray Membrey from the P.O.W. camp 3.7.1917. Post card of War Memorial at Langensalza set in a grave site.Denkmal, den versiorbenen Gefangenen lm Larger Langensaiza Written on the back of the post card. "3 July 1917 I am doing well. Raymond addressed to Mrs. Membrey Skene St Stawell Victoria Australia." stawell ww1

"Originally published in 1959 as part of a two volume set. The West Point Atlas of War: World War II/ The Pacific provides a unique way of studying military history."Soft cover book. Cover - cardboard, beige and gold colour print on front, spine and back. Illustrated - front and back - red and black colour print of maps. 128 pages - cut, plain, off white colour, heavy gauge paper. Illustrated black, red and dark green maps and black and white photographs.publication, book, atlas, pacific, ww2

Albert Steane was an early teacher of Sloyd and was appointed Principal of the Ballarat Junior Technical School in 1913.Printed Victorian Education Department certificate on parchment. It certifies that Albert Alfred Whitelock Steane was successfully examined in Field Exercise part 1 and 2, and was deemed competent to give instruction in Military Drill. It is certificate number 11194.steane, albert steane, victorian education department, military drill, military, armed forces, field exercise, parchment

A newspaper article about the War Widows Creche in Collins St Melbourne from 29 July 1947. An article about the creche set up by the War Widows Guild to help its members to work or retrain. The War Widows Guild was established by Mrs J M Vasey. She was the wife of Major-General Vasey, during the second world war she became secretary of the AIF Women's Association, a body which sought to help soldiers' wives. Her work with this body drew her attention to the plight of war widows. After Major-General George Alan Vasey died in an aircraft accident on 5 March 1945 she became a widow herself. At the end of the war Mrs Vasey founded the War Widows Guild. This reproduction on display board may have been for an exhibition of Guild memorabilia at some time. The Victorian War Widows Guild closed in 2021. Some items, including this board, were donated to the Legacy archive for preservation. It was possible for a widow to be members of both Legacy and the War Widows Guild. Both organisations helped war widows in various ways.A record of the work done by Jessie Vasey and the War Widows Guild.Newspaper article 'War Widows Creche needs toys' reproduced on a display board for signage of an exhibit.war widows guild, jessie vasey, wwg

Photographed at Tatura War Cemetery of 50th anniversary of Templers return.Colour photograph of Templers meeting in the German War Cemetery 1991. A large crowd paid their respects to the people, their friends who died from mostly natural causes now buried in Tatura War Cemetery.tatura war cemetery, templer society, 50th anniversary templer internees

The Australian Commonwealth Military Forces (AMF) was the official name of the Australian Army from 1916 to 1980. The AMF included the full-time regular army and the part-time forces, which were also known as the Militia, the Citizen Military Forces (CMF), and the Australian Citizen Military Force (ACMF). The AMF was made up of conscripted and volunteer militiamen, as well as specialist permanent soldiers.This item is part of a collection of items owned by Athur Lock, a member of the 2/23rd Battalion, an all-volunteer Second Australian Imperial Force which served as part of the garrison during the Siege of Tobruk, then at El Alamein, New Guinea and Borneo. It has particular local significance as the battalion was know as "Albury's Own" because a large majority of the battalion's initial intake of volunteers came from the Albury–Wodonga region. A wooden plaque in the shape of a shield bearing insignia of the Australian Commonwealth Military Forces and the Tobuk colour patch. 3 Australian Commonwealth Military Forces badges and metal badge engraved "AUSTRALIA"world war 11, tobruk, rats of tobruk, australian commonwealth military services, arthur lock

Most probably purchased by Harry Holmes.World War One official war postcard showing a number of troops going into battlefield on the Western Front.world war one, harry holmes, soldiers, western front, worcestors, battle, action