The firm of Alexander Shanks & Sons Ltd of Arbroath, were engineers, founders and boiler makers the company was incorporated in the year 1893. At the Dens Iron Works, purchased by the firm in the same year, a wide variety of products was manufactured including cranes, hoists, pumps and lawnmowers. In the 1960s the firm was taken over by Alexander Shanks (1801-1845) was an Inventor of the modern lawnmower, who lived in Arbroath Scotland. While credit is usually given to the Englishman Edwin Budding (1795-1846) for the invention of the lawnmower, it is Shanks' machine which was the direct predecessor of the modern mower. Shanks' innovation was a machine which rolled the grass as well as mowing it. Although Shanks himself died at a young age, his son showed the mowers at the Great Exhibition in 1851 which led to a successful business that continued into the 20th century, supplying mowers to cut the tennis courts of Wimbledon, the cricket grounds at Lords and the Old golf course at St Andrews. The firm was also well known for the manufacture of portable steam engines and steam cranes. In 1968, the company was taken over by Giddings & Lewis Fraser Ltd, Engineers of Arbroath. The subject item is a good example of an early lawn mower made by the company that is credited with being the first to patent and manufacture such a machine. The company Alexander Shanks founded was known throughout the world as significant manufactures of large steam machines used from the middle of the 19th century to the first quarter of the 20th century. The subject item is now regarded as a collector's item.Lawnmower, cast iron handles has two wooden ends and two wooden rollers at front. Blades driven by chain fixed to metal roller. Shanks's Standard Chain. Shanks's Standard Chain Arbroth London. Alex Shanks & Sons Ltd Engineers Arbroth Londonflagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, hand mower, lawn mower, mower, shanks, arboth

The photograph shows the location of the concrete, horseshoe shaped gun emplacement erected for the cannons. It is part of the Historic Precinct on Flagstaff Hill. The area was accessed either through the space between the Lighthouses (through the cottage grounds) or a service entrance, past the iron huts used by the Lands Department. This photograph, a print, is one of a set of five that show the site of Flagstaff Hill. It is presumed to have been taken by John Lindsay, Founding Director of Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village. One of the photographs in the set has the pencil inscription "Photo J Lindsay". It was taken in the early 1970s during the initial stages of the development of Flagstaff Hill as a Museum and Maritime Village. The photographs belonged to the donor's grandparents, who lived in the Warrnambool district of Allansford/Naringal. The photograph is a record of the site and surrounds of Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village before its development and opening in 1975. It shows the east side of the Surfside Holiday Park in its earlier days. The photograph is significant for recording the location and condition of the original concrete cannon emplacement on the Hill.Coloured photograph, glassy print, one of a set of five. Photograph shows the original site of one of the gun emplacements for the cannons, cannons Historical, looking towards the Moyjil, ,Point Ritchie and overlooking Lady Bay, Warrnambool. The horseshoe shaped concrete gun emplacement is in the foreground on the grassed slopes overlooking the Bay. The site and ablution block of the Surfside Holiday Park is centre right. The left shows the sore of Lady Bay with the cliffs of the Southern Ocean in the distance. The photograph's paper has the printer's watermark on the back. The early 1970s scene is presumed to have been photographed by John Lindsay, Warrnambool.Label on the back: "FIRST GUN EMPLACEMENT LOOKING TOWARDS THE HOPKINS / This is the original site of one of the cannons overlooking the Bay. Access to this area could be between the light-houses (throught the cottage grounds), or a service entrance - past the iron huts used by Lands Department."flagstaff hill, flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, warrnambool, maritime museum, maritime village, great ocean road, shipwreck coast, 1970s, photograph, gun emplacement, surfside holiday park, lady bay, hopkins river, flagstaff hill site, john lindsay, concrete gun emplacement, cannon emplacement, original emplacement

The nine postcards in this set were donated together and date to the early 1900s. All but one postcard in this set shows images of Warrnambool, in the Western District of Victoria; the other has a London image. The postcards were all printed in Great Britain according to that country’s postal regulations. The fronts of all cards have titles printed in red. Most of the images on the cards are attributed to photographer Joseph Jordan and belong to the Jordan Series. The back of these cards has an outline for a postage stamp, a vertical dividing line and a heading on each side of the line to separate the Correspondence from the Address. Postcards or ‘correspondence cards’ appeared in Britain in 1894. They were plain cards with a space for the message on one side and an address on the other; regulations didn’t allow anything but the address to be written on the ‘address’ side. In 1902 the British regulations then allowed a picture to be printed on the front and the address on the back, so messages had to be written on the picture side. Soon, the regulations changed and the back was divided for a message and the address. Christ Church Warrnambool – The image on this card shows Christ Church, a stone building built in 1856. The Anglican church is in Henna Street, Warrnambool. The church, outer buildings and grounds are heritage-listed. Its bell tower harbours German bells. Joseph Jordan - Joseph Jordan was born in 1841 in Leicester England. When he was 16 he joined the 7th Queen's Own Hussars and was sent to India at the outbreak of the mutiny. He took part in the relief of Lucknow and remained in India for eleven years. It was during this time, he became interested in photography. He was posted to New Zealand and later came to Victoria, becoming a sergeant major of the Mounted Rifles. In the mid-1880s he came to the Western district where he was responsible for establishing units of the Mounted Rifles in various country towns such as Dunkeld, Mortlake, Panmure, Bushfield, Koroit etc. He resigned from the army in 1889 and set up a professional photography studio in Liebig Street, Warrnambool. He became very well known in the Western District for family photographs, official photographs of local councillors and groups as well as views of local scenery. In 1891 he photographed the wrecked barque ‘Fiji’ at ‘Wrecks Beach’ near Princetown. His business was taken over by his son Arthur around 1917. Joseph was a keen rifle shot and in 1924 he donated the "Jordan Shield" as a prize to the Victorian Rifle Association. He was made a "Life Honorary Member" of the Warrnambool Returned Soldiers League and in 1933 he was recognised as being the oldest living soldier in Victoria. Joseph died in 1935 aged 95.This card is the only one of the nine cards with the location of Warrnambool added to the name 'Joseph Series'. It is also the only one that has text within the outline for the postage stamp. The font used for the test of the headings is slightly different to the other cards. Joseph Jordan is a significant figure in Warrnambool history as he helped to establish early units of the Mounted Rifles (G Company) in local towns during the late 1880's and later, photographed local scenes, groups and citizens of early Warrnambool. This postcard of Christ Church Warrnambool is significant for its connection to the church. The early building of the church in 1856, within the first decade of Warrnambool being proclaimed a town, shows the strong religious desire of the community. The church is part of Warrnambool's life events and the historical significance of the building,Postcard, one of nine, landscape orientation, coloured print within an oval border and mauve-toned shading. The cameo image is a stone castle-top bell tower beside a church building flanked by trees. A stone fence is across the front, with pedestrian and vehicle white picket gates. The title is in red print on the front of the card. There is no correspondence written on the card. The reverse has inscriptions and outlines for a postage stamp. Jordan Series, printed in Great Britain.Front, in red: “CHRIST CHURCH, WARRNAMBOOL” Back in black: “Jordan Series” “POST CARD” “PRINTED IN GREAT BRITAIN” “For correspondence” “The Address only to be written here”flagstaff hill maritime museum, flagstaff hill maritime village, flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, maritime museum, warrnambool, great ocean road, warrnambool and district, warrnambool scenes, local scenes, views of warrnambool, joseph jordan, jordan series, jordan photography, postcard, souvenir, correspondence, cameo postcard, landscape, christ church, bell tower, german bells, warrnambool church, religious building, stone building, anglican church, parish of warrnambool

The nine postcards in this set were donated together and date to the early 1900s. All but one postcard in this set shows images of Warrnambool, in the Western District of Victoria; the other has a London image. The postcards were all printed in Great Britain according to that country’s postal regulations. The fronts of all cards have titles printed in red. Most of the images on the cards are attributed to photographer Joseph Jordan and belong to the Jordan Series. The back of these cards has an outline for a postage stamp, a vertical dividing line and a heading on each side of the line to separate the Correspondence from the Address. Postcards or ‘correspondence cards’ appeared in Britain in 1894. They were plain cards with a space for the message on one side and an address on the other; regulations didn’t allow anything but the address to be written on the ‘address’ side. In 1902 the British regulations then allowed a picture to be printed on the front and the address on the back, so messages had to be written on the picture side. Soon, the regulations changed and the back was divided for a message and the address. Christ Church Warrnambool – The image on this card shows Christ Church, a stone building built in 1856. The Anglican church is in Henna Street, Warrnambool. The church, outer buildings and grounds are heritage-listed. Its bell tower harbours German bells. Joseph Jordan - Joseph Jordan was born in 1841 in Leicester England. When he was 16 he joined the 7th Queen's Own Hussars and was sent to India at the outbreak of the mutiny. He took part in the relief of Lucknow and remained in India for eleven years. It was during this time, he became interested in photography. He was posted to New Zealand and later came to Victoria, becoming a sergeant major of the Mounted Rifles. In the mid-1880s he came to the Western district where he was responsible for establishing units of the Mounted Rifles in various country towns such as Dunkeld, Mortlake, Panmure, Bushfield, Koroit etc. He resigned from the army in 1889 and set up a professional photography studio in Liebig Street, Warrnambool. He became very well known in the Western District for family photographs, official photographs of local councillors and groups as well as views of local scenery. In 1891 he photographed the wrecked barque ‘Fiji’ at ‘Wrecks Beach’ near Princetown. His business was taken over by his son Arthur around 1917. Joseph was a keen rifle shot and in 1924 he donated the "Jordan Shield" as a prize to the Victorian Rifle Association. He was made a "Life Honorary Member" of the Warrnambool Returned Soldiers League and in 1933 he was recognised as being the oldest living soldier in Victoria. Joseph died in 1935 aged 95.This card is the only one of the nine cards with the location of Warrnambool added to the name 'Joseph Series'. It is also the only one that has text within the outline for the postage stamp. The font used for the test of the headings is slightly different to the other cards. Joseph Jordan is a significant figure in Warrnambool history as he helped to establish early units of the Mounted Rifles (G Company) in local towns during the late 1880's and later, photographed local scenes, groups and citizens of early Warrnambool. This postcard of Christ Church Warrnambool is significant for its connection to the church. The early building of the church in 1856, within the first decade of Warrnambool being proclaimed a town, shows the strong religious desire of the community. The church is part of Warrnambool's life events and the historical significance of the building,Postcard, one of nine, landscape orientation, coloured print within an oval border and mauve-toned shading. The cameo image is of the Interior of the church chapel, with exposed timber beams, white arches decorated with flowers, pews with books on shelves, and organ pipes. There is text on the image. The title is in red print on the front of the card. The back has inscriptions and outlines for a postage stamp. There is no correspondence written on the card. Jordan Series, printed in Great Britain.Front, in red: “CHRIST CHURCH, WARRNAMBOOL” Back in black: “Jordan Series” “POST CARD” “PRINTED IN GREAT BRITAIN” “For correspondence” “The Address only to be written here” Text on the arch: "THE LORD OF HOSTS"flagstaff hill maritime museum, flagstaff hill maritime village, flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, maritime museum, warrnambool, great ocean road, warrnambool and district, warrnambool scenes, local scenes, views of warrnambool, joseph jordan, jordan series, jordan photography, postcard, souvenir, correspondence, cameo postcard, landscape, christ church, bell tower, german bells, warrnambool church, religious building, stone building, anglican church, parish of warrnambool, arch pillars

In February 1913 the Ballarat Junior Technical School opened its doors to its 86 pupils. The old bluestone building in the grounds of the Dana Street Primary School became their temporary for eight years. In its early years the school offered only a two-year course. The first year was of a general nature giving a thorough grounding in Mathematics and Instrumental Drawing, and introducing students to the various branches of trade work. The second-year students studied for the Junior Technical Certificate and specialized in a course of their choice - either a trade (Woodwork or Fitting and Turning) or a course leading to higher studies at the School of Mines. The photograph shows the students outside the school building. Musical instruments, trophy and shield are shown. When World War 1 began, the school formed a 16 piece Bugle Band. A squad of Junior Cadets led by Mr A Williams and later Mr H Wakeling competed at the South Street contests. Mr A Steane (the Headmaster) is shown to the right of the bass drum.Black and white copy of original photograph that is mounted on brown card. Photograph shows the students and staff outside the bluestone building at Dana Street Primary School - first location of the Ballarat Junior Technical School. Drums, a shield and a trophy are located in the foreground. The Headmaster, Albert E. Steane is seated in the centre front row. ballarat junior technical school, bass drum, steane, drum, dana street primary school, bluestone, albert steane, a steane, dana st, world war 1, south street contests, junior cadets, williams, wakeling, bugle band, junior technical certificate, mathematics, instrumental drawing, woodwork, turning and fitting, dana street state school

In February 1913 the Ballarat Junior Technical School opened its doors to its 86 pupils. The old bluestone building in the grounds of the Dana Street Primary School became their temporary for eight years. In its early years the school offered only a two-year course. The first year was of a general nature giving a thorough grounding in Mathematics and Instrumental Drawing, and introducing students to the various branches of trade work. The second-year students studied for the Junior Technical Certificate and specialized in a course of their choice - either a trade (Woodwork or Fitting and Turning) or a course leading to higher studies at the School of Mines. The photograph shows the Albert Steane, the first Headmaster, with other members of Staff outside the Dana Street Primary School where the Junior Technical School first began. Black and white photograph of eight men in front of Dana Street Primary School. They are the original members staff of the Ballarat Junior Technical School. Standing left to right: Frank N. King, Harold G. Wakeling, Sam Mayo, H.Victor Maddison Sitting left to right: H.W. Malin, Albert W. Steane (Headmaster), William J. Paterson, Rex L. Cutter .1) is framed with oak mount and calligraphy.1) Staff Junior Technical School Old Building 1913-1921ballarat junior technical school, king, wakeling, mayo, maddison, malin, steane, paterson, cutter, education, school, teacher, dana street, headmaster, dana street primary school, bluestone, mathematics, instrumental drawing, woodwork, fitting and turning, junior technical certificate, school of mines, william j. paterson, albert steane, sam mayo, harold wakeling, "wendouree", dana street state school

Alexander Wright was born on 25 August, 1898 in Smeaton He was the brother of musician Frank Wright. Alex Wright was killed whilst performing at the Birmingham Empire as the result of a German air Attack in October 1940. The theatre had a direct hit. According to Frank Wright Alex was a great impersonator with a unique range Bass - tenor with many accents (not unlike Peter Dawson) "AUSTRALIAN CARUSO Smeaton Boy's Fame Andre Navarre, who left Australia about three years ago to study opera in Europe, bids fair to take a place among the world's great tenors. A few months ago Navarre sang for Melba for the first time, and she immediately acclaimed him to be a finished artist, describing his voice as the nearest approach to the immortal Caruso she had ever heard, writes the Ballarat "Courier." Andre Navarre is, however, only a stage name adopted by Alexander Wright, a son of Mr. and Mrs. William. Wright, of Armstrong street North, Ballarat, and brother of Mr. Frank Wright and Mrs. William Ritchie, of that city. Born at smeaton 31 years ago, in what may be termed a musical atmosphere; Alex. Wright showed a definite desire to sing at a very early age, and in his boyhood figured as soloist at school concerts, etc. His youth was spent around Smeaton, working at home and at various farms in the district until he was about 19 years of age, when he secured a position at the Dunlop rubber works, Melbourne. Up to this period Wright had no vocal training whatever, but being the possessor of a good resonant baritone voice, was persuaded by some of his friends to "have a go at the stage.'' Securing a position in the chorus of "Maid of the Mountains," which was at that time showing at the Theatre Royal, he soon made his voice heard to advantage, and also commenced to take lessons from Signor Robottaro. It was about this time that Wright was invited by a fellow musician to a musical evening at which a member of Rigo's grand opera company, then performing at " The Playhouse," was also present. Hearing Wright sing, the musician immediately said : ' You're a fool to waste your time in a chorus with that voice. Rigo is looking for a singer like you for the role of 'Figaro' in 'Barber of Seville'." Alex, however, did not take the remark seriously, and it was only after the numerous persuasions of friends who obviously knew the real value of his voice that the modest young man was eventually induced to meet Rigo. The Italian maestro was so delighted with the voice that without hesitation he was given the principle role of "The Barber" to study. Many singers having previously been tried and rejected for the part, Wright was astonished at his success in being chosen, and awakened suddenly to the fact by the maestro that a world voice, if properly trained, would surely develop in the young artist, Alex at once settled down to study, and all day long in his boarding house at St. Kilda could be heard rehearsing his new role. In less than a month he had completely mastered the part, and on the opening night, in the exacting role of "The Barber," he was an outstanding success. Later, he toured Australia with many leading artists, including Elsa Stralia and Harry Lauder, and spent his last two years in Sydney, where he was engaged as soloist in the biggest picture house. Realising that a training in Italy and on the Continent was essential for a successful operatic singer, the young artist decided to go overseas to continue his studies. He did not leave Australia, however, before he gratuitously gave a concert in his little home town to the obvious delight of all his old friends, who flocked from all parts of the district to hear him. The hall was packed to overflowing , and so pleased was Alex with the tumultuous reception he received that he sang fewer than 20 songs. Once in Italy, he lost no time in placing himself under the tuition of Cottone, and it was at the studio of this maestro that he met Toti dal Monte, a former protege of the same master. Two years were spent in Italy, when "Navarre" learned to speak the Italian language fluently, and acquired a wide knowledge of the operas. He sang in Milan about a year ago, and was paid some glowing tributes by the Italian Press critics, who likened his voice to that of Caruso. From Italy he went to Paris, where he met John Brownlee and many other famous singers. The critics on the Continent are unanimous that Andre Navarre-the unassuming Smeaton boy, whom his schoolmates still affectionately call "Hock"--is destined to become one of the luminaries in music history. It is interesting to recall some facts concerning the remarkable family from which this artist springs. Four other members have won championship honors in the musical world. Mr. Frank Wright has the Australasian cornet championship to his credit ; Mr. Norman Wright, of Sydney, has won a tenor championship of New Zealand, and has recorded for the Columbia Gramophone Company ; Mrs. Wm. Ritchie ( formerly Miss Laura Wright) won the A.N.A. contralto championship in Melbourne; whilst the oldest member, Lydia (Mrs. C. Cane, now in N.Z.) won the violin championship at South Street when 17 years of age. Last year Mrs. and Mr. Wright celebrated their golden wedding. Both of the old folk are intensely musical, and it has been said that the voice of the mother, although entirely untrained, showed in her earlier days glimpses of the beautiful quality which made Melba famous. Andre Navarre does not propose leaving the Continent for some time. Recently he was offered a 12 months' contract to sing in London for £2500 but on the advice of Melba and his coach, it was refused on the grounds that yet another 12 months' French study was necessary to ensure absolute perfection. That "Alex " has lost none of his school-boy wit is evinced by his own jocular remark that he has "a top C sharp that will crack every window in the Sydney Town Hall!" (Horsham Times, 20 February 1931) "AUSTRALIAN KILLED An Australian, Alexander Wright, radio variety star, who toured Europe and Australia under the pseudonym of Navarre, was killed during a recent air raid in a Midland . town. His broth-er, Frank Wright, is musical director for the London County council."(Border Morning Mail, 22 Oct 1940) Black and white image of Smeaton born Alexander Wright whose professional name was Navarre "Prince of Mimics". alexander wright, alec wright, navarre

The Ballarat Junior Technical School was a division of the Ballarat School of Mines. Plan of the Ballarat Junior Technical School, a division of the Ballarat School of Mines, The plan shows the Gaol Research, School of Mines Mining Battery, Common room, rifle range and cricket pitch. The school and grounds fronted Albert Street and Grant Street. gaol reserve, ballarat school of mines mining battery, model mine., mining battery, common room, rifle range, cricket pitch, albert street, grant street, ballarat school of mines, buildings, bicycle shed, ballarat technical art school, dressmaking, quoit court, architectural plans

2 photos of the Abel street depot Bendigo. One photo gives view from the street of the security fence surrounding the property, and the grounds within, Semi trailer with large gas tank is partially visible in the background. Second photo shows a white panel van with identification of advertising on rear doors, and ladder on roof, to the right an access road can be seen.bendigo, industry, gas and fuel depot

Two printed pages titled Tales of Victoria Hill. Mentioned is the gold yield on the New Chum Line of Reef, early gold discovery, Christopher Ballerstedt and his son Theodore, Theodore building Fortuna as well as a crusher or battery in its grounds. He believed he had exhausted the riches from his claims and sold the claim on the hill to George Lansell, deepest gold mine, interconnecting to neighbouring mines to obtain the required up and down drafts for ventilation, rising of the water levels resulting the closure of the Victorian Quartz Mine when a rope broke and the equipment that is still there. An accompanying photo of the Victoria Quartz Mine shows the buildings, chimney and poppet legs and a man standing in front of a building. There is also an accompanying floppy disc.bendigo, history, long gully history group, the long gully history group - tales of victoria hill, j n macarthy, christopher ballerstedt, theodore ballerstedt, fortuna, george lansell, lansell's 180, victoria quartz co, victorian consols, bendigo's deepest known gold bearing reef

During the 2010s, there was a significant redevelopment of the facilities at Galen Catholic College. In 2014, The Food Technology kitchen was redeveloped and the Soul Food Cafe was built as an extension to this kitchen. This series of photos shows the construction and completion stages.galen catholic college, galen college, soul food cafe, kitchen, food technology, 2014, school grounds & buildings

2017 was a busy year for building and redevelopment at Galen Catholic College. This sequence of photos shows the progressive construction of the Galen Resource Centre, which housed the new Galen Library and the IT Assistance Hub. The new Galen Library replaced the original library building that was constructed in 1972 and enlarged in 1994.galen catholic college, galen college, galen resource centre, liibrary, it office, school buildings, school grounds & buildings, 2017

2017 was a busy year for building and redevelopment at Galen Catholic College. This sequence of photos shows the progressive redevelopment and refurbishment of the original Galen Catholic College buildings into two of the school's new junior school buildings. These two buildings constituted the entire Galen Catholic College from their construction in 1975 until 1983, when only senior level classes were conducted. From 1983 until 2017 these buildings were the senior school buildings of Galen Catholic College.galen catholic college, galen college, school buildings, school grounds & buildings, 2017, senior school, junior school

1. The moral lexicon of the Warlpiri people of central Australia LR Hiatt This paper discusses words that match ?Good? and ?Bad?; examples of ?Good? and ?Bad? behaviour; morality and law; and egalitarianism and dominance. It also presents a comparison with Gidjingarli (Burarra). 2. Mobs and bosses: Structures of Aboriginal sociality Patrick Mullins (Mount Druitt, NSW) A commonality of Aboriginal social organisation exists across the continent in communities as different as those from the Western Desert across to Cape York, from the towns of New South Wales and Western Australia to cities like Adelaide. This is found in the colloquial expressions ?mob? and ?boss?, which are used in widely differing contexts. Mobbing is the activity where relatedness, in the sense of social alliances, is established and affirmed by virtue of a common affiliation with place, common experience and common descent, as well as by the exchange of cash and commodities. Bossing is the activity of commanding respect by virtue of one?s capacity to bestow items of value such as ritual knowledge, nurturance, care, cash and commodities. Mobbing and bossing are best understood as structures in Giddens? sense of sets of rules and resources involved in the production of social systems, in this case social alliances. Mobbing and bossing imply a concept of a person as a being in a relationship. Attention needs to be given to the way these structures interact with institutions in the wider Australian society. 3. Recognising victims without blaming them: A moral contest? About Peter Sutton?s ?The Politics of Suffering: Indigenous Policy in Australia since the 1970s? and Gillian Cowlishaw?s replies Ma�a Ponsonnet (Universit� Paris- 8-Saint-Denis) Peter Sutton?s texts on Aboriginal violence, health and their politicisation are replied to using his methodology, and acknowledging his convincing points. Sutton rightly denounces a lack of lucidity and scientific objectivity in anthropological debates. These inadequacies impede identification of what Aboriginal groups can do to improve their situations for fear that this identification would lead to blame the victims. At the other end of the ethical spectrum, those who advocate a broader use of what I will call a ?resistance interpretation? of violence fail to recognise victims as such, on the implicit grounds that seeing victims as victims would deprive them of any agency, on the one hand, and entail blame, on the other hand. I aim to define a middle road between those views: the idea that victims should be acknowledged as such without being denied their agency and without being blamed for their own condition. This middle road allows identification of the colonisers? responsibilities in the contemporary situation of Indigenous communities in Australia, and to determine who can do what. Secondly, I show that Sutton?s texts convey, through subtle but recurrent remarks, an ideology of blame rather than a mere will to identify practical solutions. As a consequence, some of his proposals do not stand on a solid and objective causal analysis. 4. 'You would have loved her for her lore?: The letters of Daisy Bates Bob Reece (Murdoch University) Daisy Bates was once an iconic figure in Australia but her popular and academic reputation became tarnished by her retrograde views. Her credibility was also put in doubt through the exposure of her fictionalised Irish background. In more recent times, however, her ethnographic data on the Aborigines of Western Australia has been an invaluable source for Native Title claims, while her views on Aboriginal extinction, cannibalism and ?castes? are being seen as typical of her time. This article briefly reviews what has been the orthodox academic opinion of her scientific achievement before summarising what is reliably known of her early history and indicating what kind of person is revealed in the 3000 or more letters that she left behind. 5. What potential might Narrative Therapy have to assist Indigenous Australians reduce substance misuse? Violet Bacon (Curtin University of Technology) Substance misuse is associated with adverse consequences for many Australians including Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Extensive research has been conducted into various intervention, treatment and prevention programs to ascertain their potential in reducing substance misuse within Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal communities. I explore the potential of Narrative Therapy as a counselling intervention for assisting Indigenous Australians reduce the harm associated with substance misuse. 6. Bone points from the Adelaide River, Northern Territory Sally Brockwell (University of Canberra) and Kim Akerman (Moonah) Large earth mounds located next to the vast floodplains of the lower Adelaide River, one of the major tropical rivers draining the flat coastal plains of northern Australia, contain cultural material, including bone points. The floodplains of the north underwent dynamic environmental change from extensive mangrove swamps in the mid-Holocene, through a transition phase of variable estuarine and freshwater mosaic environments, to the freshwater environment that exists today. This geomorphological framework provides a background for the interpretation of the archaeology, which spans some 4000 years. 7. A different look: Comparative rock-art recording from the Torres Strait using computer enhancement techniques Liam M Brady (Monash University) In 1888 and 1898, Cambridge University?s Alfred C Haddon made the first recording of rock-art from the Torres Strait islands using photography and sketches. Systematic recording of these same paintings and sites was carried out from 2000 to 2004 by archaeologists and Indigenous Torres Strait Islander and Aboriginal communities as part of community-based rock-art recording projects. Computer enhancement techniques were used to identify differences between both sets of recordings, to reveal design elements that Haddon missed in his recordings, and to recover images recorded by Haddon that are today no longer visible to the naked eye. Using this data, preliminary observations into the antiquity of Torres Strait rock-art are noted along with recommendations for future Torres Strait region rock-art research and baseline monitoring projects. 8. Sources of bias in the Murray Black Collection: Implications for palaeopathological analysis Sarah Robertson (National Museum of Australia) The Murray Black collection of Aboriginal skeletal remains has been a mainstay of bio-anthropological research in Australia, but relatively little thought has been given to how and why this collection may differ from archaeologically obtained collections. The context in which remains were located and recovered has created bias within the sample, which was further skewed within the component of the collection sent to the Australian Institute of Anatomy, resulting in limitations for the research potential of the collection. This does not render all research on the collection unviable, but it demonstrates the importance of understanding the context of a skeletal collection when assessing its suitability for addressing specific research questions.maps, b&w photographs, colour photographs, illustrations, graphs, chartswarlpiri, sociology, daisy bates, substance abuse, narrative therapy, rock art, technology and art, murray black collection, pleistocene sites, watarrka plateau

St. Andrew's Uniting Church, formerly the Presbyterian church includes two different church buildings as well as a new addition built at the rear of the 1904 red brick building. A small weather board structure was used as a church until the Romanesque brick building opened in 1904. The new church extensions were completed on 14 December, 1986.A rear view of St. Andrew's Uniting Church before the extensions were built. The photograph shows the small apse and porch as well as the surrounding conifers which were growing in the church grounds.churches, religion, tompkins, f. b., h. w., goyen, w. rev., st. andrew's uniting church, presbyterian church, george evans collection

Photograph shows ten men in cricket gear & two in ordinary clothes. Names not recorded. The grounds at Mountain Grange were used for sport long before 1939 when Lillydale Council purchased the property to use as a public reserve and it later became the Kalorama Memorial Reserve.kalorama memorial reserve, mountain grange, cricket

Provenence is unknown but contains potentially rare photos. A comprehensive record of the types of events provided for Junior Legatees in the 1940s. Events such as the Government House Christmas parties and Annual Demonstrations. Also a record of the classes offered to girls and boys. There are photos of Anzac Commemoration Ceremony for school students that has been held annually by Legacy in April. It helps educate and promote the observance of Anzac Day to students. Some of the photos are Junior Legatees that joined the armed forces in the second World War. Pages 7 and 8 show the visit of the Duke and Duchess of Gloucester to Legacy. They were in Australia to start his term as Governor General of Australia - until 1947. An important photographic record of the work of Legacy in the 1940s.Large photo album with blue leather look back and front cover. Decorative front and back end pages. Screws in left hand side to keep paper pages bound together. 20 pages with black and white photos attached to the majority of both sides of the pages.Handwritten at top of pages. Page 1 'Christmas Party, Government House Grounds, 1945' Page 2 'Christmas Party, Government House Grounds, 1945' Page 3 'Christmas Party, Government House Grounds, 1945' Page 4 'Senior Girls 6/2/1945' Page 5 'Senior Girls 6/2/1945' Page 6 'JL (?) Cecil Waters 6/2/1945' Page 7 'Duke and Duchess of Gloucester at the Club Rooms, 27/11/1945' and 'At the Club Rooms' Page 8 'At the Grosvenor Theatre' Page 9 '20/2/45 Speaker Wlliamstown' Page 10 '6/2/45 Mr Justice(?) Monty Phillips' Pages 11 - 16 no inscription Page 17 'Annual Demonstration, 1946' (photo missing) Page 18 'Annual Demonstration, 1946' Page 19 'Annual Demonstration, 1946' Page 20 Sepia photo Savige Page 21 'Junior Legatee N Shiels' Page 22 'Legatee E.T. Scott' Page 23 'Legatee H.E. Cohe (?)' Page 24 ‘Christmas Party, Government House Grounds 1948’ (Photo missing bottom right) Page 25 ‘Christmas Party, Government House Grounds 1944’ (Page cut in half) Page 26 ‘Christmas Party, Government House Grounds 1944’ (Page cut in half) events, government house party, anzac commemoration for students, junior legatee outing, annual demonstration, royal visit

Application by Mr Frederick R Killey in February 1943 for the position of Manager of the Legacy Club Hostel. It lists his experience as 16 years teaching and missionary work in India in charge of an orphanage. He was rejected from military service in WWI due to defective eyesight and points out he has a badge issued to him at the time stating he was rejected on medical grounds. The note in red ink shows the application was unsuitable. Legacy had a preference for providing positions to ex=servicemen when possible. Holmbush was the first children's residence operated by Melbourne Legacy it was renamed Blamey House when the first Blamey House was sold. Melbourne Legacy ran three residences: Blamey House (purchased 1947) , Stanhope (purchased 1945) and Harelands (purchased 1950), to take care of children whose fathers were servicemen, and who may have been left orphans, or whose mother may have been unable to care for them herself. Harelands accommodated boys and girls under the age of 14, Blamey House looked after boys over 14, and Stanhope looked after girls over 14. The children were cared for until they were old enough to become independent.A record of written correspondence regarding job applications in 1943.Letter written by Mr Killey in 1943 applying for a position at Holmbush on white notepaper, black ink handwriting, two hole punched.Handwritten "Considered by Doug and self. Does not seem suitable. Not a returned man" in red ink.residences, holmbush, holmbush administration

Painting donated by Mr P Boyle, grandson of former pilot Harry Trueman who served on the PV Alvina. The Sydney Morning Herald 29 July 1903 THE NEW MELBOURNE PILOT STEAMER. ALVINA The new pilot steamer Alvina, which was recently purchased by the Port Phillip Sea pilots, was inspected on Thursday last by the members of the Victorian Marine Board and a number of gentlemen representing the leading shipping companies in Melbourne. The Alvina was formally the private yacht of Mr Marmaduke Fox a wealthy Yorkshire gentleman and is a trim craft of 145 tons register and a length of 18ft overall. Hitherto the sea pilots have managed to do their work with one steamer, the Victoria but it has long been apparent that a second vessel was required. The pilots upon whom the obligation of providing and maintaining their vessels devolves, thereupon made a successful bid for the yacht and, by an additional outlay of 700 pound, had her overhauled and refitted in Deane's Dock, Williamstown. On Thursday last the vessel made a trial trip to Point Cook for the purpose of satisfying the Marine Board and the underwriters as to her fitness for the work. She showed a speed of 11 knots and steamed smoothly and satisfactorily. During the trip the visitors assembled in the saloon and drank success to the new steamer. Captain Carrie, president of the Marine Board, congratulated the pilots on their acquisition, and said that the service was now second to none in the world. The new vessel which has been in the charge of Captain Wills is handsomely fitted up and contains two staterooms and four cabins for the pilots and sleeping accommodation for a crew of eight. In future one steamer will remain on the pilot grounds inside the Heads while the other will steam about outside Queenscliff. A framed and mounted water colour painting of the Pilot Vessel Alvina under glasspainting, alvina, pilot vessel

The Melbourne and Metropolitan Board of Works (MMBW) plans were produced from the 1890s to the 1950s. They were crucial to the design and development of Melbourne's sewerage and drainage system. The plans, at a scale of 40 feet to 1 inch (1:480), provide a detailed historical record of Melbourne streetscapes and environmental features. Each plan covers one or two street blocks (roughly six streets), showing details of buildings, including garden layouts and ownership boundaries, and features such as laneways, drains, bridges, parks, municipal boundaries and other prominent landmarks as they existed at the time each plan was produced. (Source: State Library of Victoria). This plan forms part of a large group of MMBW plans and maps that was donated to the Society by the Mr Poulter, City Engineer of the City of Kew in 1989. Within this collection, thirty-five hand-coloured plans, backed with linen, are of statewide significance as they include annotations that provide details of construction materials used in buildings in the first decade of the 20th century as well as additional information about land ownership and usage. The copies in the Public Record Office Victoria and the State Library of Victoria are monochrome versions which do not denote building materials so that the maps in this collection are invaluable and unique tools for researchers and heritage consultants. A number of the plans are not held in the collection of the State Library of Victoria so they have the additional attribute of rarity.Original survey plan, issued by the MMBW to a contractor with responsibility for constructing sewers in the area identified on the plan within the Borough of Kew. The plan was at some stage hand-coloured, possibly by the contractor, but more likely by officers working in the Engineering Department of the Borough and later Town, then City of Kew. The hand-coloured sections of buildings on the plan were used to denote masonry or brick constructions (pink), weatherboard constructions (yellow), and public buildings (grey). While MMBW Plan No.1579 does not include many buildings, those that it does show are significant to Kew’s history. These include the ‘Kew [Railway] Station’ in Denmark Street and the ‘Recreation Hall’ and rear courts off Wellington Street. The plan shows the outline of the Recreation Hall, constructed in 1880, at the rear of which is listed a bowling green, two tennis courts, a ‘skittle alley’ and a pavilion. When the Hall was first built, the Kew Cricket Club occupied an adjacent ground, however in 1885 this was acquired by the State Government as the future location of the Kew Railway Station. The Plan also shows a single oval at Xavier College. This oval was completed in 1883. One of the current ovals conforms to this oval’s original shape and position in the school grounds.melbourne and metropolitan board of works, detail plans, maps - borough of kew, mmbw 1579, cartography

At the beginning of the 1890s, the Kew businessman and Town Councillor, Henry Kellett, commissioned J.F.C. Farquhar to photograph scenes of Kew. These scenes included panoramas as well as pastoral scenes. The resulting set of twelve photographs was assembled in an album, Kew Where We Live, from which customers could select images for purchase.The preamble to the album describes that the photographs used the ‘argentic bromide’ process, now more commonly known as the gelatine silver process. This form of dry plate photography allowed for the negatives to be kept for weeks before processing, hence its value in landscape photography. The resulting images were considered to be finely grained and everlasting. Evidence of the success of Henry Kellett’s venture can be seen today, in that some of the photographs are held in national collections.It is believed that the Kew Historical Society’s copy of the Kellett album is unique and that the photographs in the book were the first copies taken from the original plates. It is the first and most important series of images produced about Kew. The individual images have proved essential in identifying buildings and places of heritage value in the district.This is the earliest known photograph of the exterior of Byram (later Tara Hall). It shows the original red brick fence, its asymmetrical gate and gateposts, with a large terra cotta gargoyle surmounting the higher of the two. The architect, Edward Kilburn designed Byram in the Arts & Crafts style for the industrialist George Ramsden. Construction began in 1888 and was reputed to have lasted three years. The mansion had frontages to Studley Park Road and Stevenson Street, including gardens laid out with great taste, including pleasure grounds, tennis lawn, fruit and flower garden, and paddock. The size of many of the trees in the garden indicate that many survived from the garden of Clifton Villa, the previous single-storeyed house built on the site by the Stevenson brothers. Byram had views to Melbourne and Port Phillip Bay. The house was demolished in 1960, despite opposition from the National Trust (Victoria), and its gardens subdivided into residential allotments.A View in Studley Park Roadkew illustrated, kew where we live, photographic books, henry kellett, byram, tara hall, goathlands

Henry Beater Christian (1886-1962) , was a descendant of one of the earliest settler families in Kew. Employed at the Kew Asylum as a 'public servant', he was a skilled amateur photographer, photographing numerous scenes in Kew and on his travels around Victoria. The majority of his photographs date from 1916 to 1929. His finest photographs are housed in two photograph albums. Digital copy of a photograph from page 8 of the 47-page photograph album containing 261 gelatinous silver images, loaned by Diane Washfold with permission given to digitise and hold a copy in our collection. The Zig-Zag Bridge linked the grounds of the Yarra Bend and Kew Asylums. The wooden bridge was constructed in the 1870s and lasted through numerous floods until its destruction in 1929. A horizontal structure, the walkway was reached via a wooden staircase on the Kew bank of the river. The steps were required due to the different levels of the banks on this stretch of the river. The photo is taken from the Kew side of the river and shows clearly the width of the walkway on top of the bridge. "Zig-Zag Bridge"henry beater christian (1886-1962), landscape photography, kew (vic.) — yarra river, christian-washfold collection, photograph albums, zig-zag bridge

Henry Beater Christian (1886-1962) , was a descendant of one of the earliest settler families in Kew. Employed at the Kew Asylum as a 'public servant', he was a skilled amateur photographer, photographing numerous scenes in Kew and on his travels around Victoria. The majority of his photographs date from 1916 to 1929. His finest photographs are housed in two photograph albums. Rare photograph of the demolition of the Zig-Zag Bridge linking the two asylums on either side of the Yarra River.Digital copy of a photograph from page 16 of the 47-page photograph album containing 261 gelatinous silver images, loaned by Diane Washfold with permission given to digitise and hold a copy in our collection. The Zig-Zag Bridge linked the grounds of the Yarra Bend and Kew Asylums. The wooden bridge was constructed in the 1870s and lasted through numerous floods until its destruction in 1929. A horizontal structure, the walkway was reached via a wooden staircase on the Kew bank of the river. The steps were required due to the different levels of the banks on this stretch of the river. This night-time photograph shows the remaining parts of the bridge being destroyed by fire."Demolishing Zig-Zag / 6. 1929"henry beater christian (1886-1962), landscape photography, kew (vic.) — yarra river, christian-washfold collection, photograph albums, zig-zag bridge

The Melbourne and Metropolitan Board of Works (MMBW) plans were produced from the 1890s to the 1950s. They were crucial to the design and development of Melbourne's sewerage and drainage system. The plans, at a scale of 40 feet to 1 inch (1:480), provide a detailed historical record of Melbourne streetscapes and environmental features. Each plan covers one or two street blocks (roughly six streets), showing details of buildings, including garden layouts and ownership boundaries, and features such as laneways, drains, bridges, parks, municipal boundaries and other prominent landmarks as they existed at the time each plan was produced. (Source: State Library of Victoria)This plan forms part of a large group of MMBW plans and maps that was donated to the Society by the Mr Poulter, City Engineer of the City of Kew in 1989. Within this collection, thirty-five hand-coloured plans, backed with linen, are of statewide significance as they include annotations that provide details of construction materials used in buildings in the first decade of the 20th century as well as additional information about land ownership and usage. The copies in the Public Record Office Victoria and the State Library of Victoria are monochrome versions which do not denote building materials so that the maps in this collection are invaluable and unique tools for researchers and heritage consultants. A number of the plans are not held in the collection of the State Library of Victoria so they have the additional attribute of rarity.Original survey plan, issued by the MMBW to a contractor with responsibility for constructing sewers in the area identified on the plan within the Borough of Kew. The plan was at some stage hand-coloured, possibly by the contractor, but more likely by officers working in the Engineering Department of the Borough and later Town, then City of Kew. The hand-coloured sections of buildings on the plan were used to denote masonry or brick constructions (pink), weatherboard constructions (yellow), and public buildings (grey). This plan shows several very large houses, particularly along Glenferrie Road, and the area now occupied by Ruyton Girls’ School. ‘Tarring’ (incorrectly spelled here as ‘Karring’) was built for Henry Henty in 1872, on part of his original allotment of 20 acres, and ‘Mount View’, which retains its original building and the fountain in the front garden, is part of Ruyton’s Junior School. The most significant change to Tarring and its grounds since 1903, involve the removal of a number of the outbuildings, including a Burmese temple, bought by Henty from the Burmese Exhibit at the Great Exhibition of 1880. It is shown on the plan as a summerhouse. The two-storey mansion, on the corner of Glenferrie Road and Wellington Street, was built in 1891 by leading architect Alfred White as his own home. Having an initial N.A.V. of £160, the house was purchased by a warehouseman Henry Lister, by 1900, when the N.A.V. was recorded at £111. By the turn of the century the house was known as ‘Comaques’. By contrast, much smaller houses are shown in Scott and Byron Streets, including a tiny Mission Hall in Byron Street, which belonged to the Anglican Church from at least 1903 to 1917.melbourne and metropolitan board of works, detail plans, maps - borough of kew, mmbw 1574, cartography

While a later inscription suggests that the photo dates from 1908, by that stage, according to the Sands & McDougall Directories, the forge on the corner of Cotham and Mont Victor Roads had been taken over by H. Wright. F.G.A. Barnard in his Jubilee History of Kew (1910) records that the well known Sandhill Nursery, had been established by William Holt early in the 1850s. Presumably this was an earlier business as by 1888 it is recorded that the business had become a forge. The forge stood on what is now part of the grounds of Genazzano Convent. A rare photograph of a pioneering industrial business in Kew on the site now occupied by Genazzano Convent.The photo shows W. Holt, Wheelwright, Veterinary and General - Blacksmith, Cotham Road, Kew. Inscription front: "Uncle Will Holt, Cotham Road, Kew, opp Normanby Av [sic] 1908 [sic]"; Reverse: "KHS February 1990. Gift of Mr Panther - Manager Westpac Bank, Kew. Given to Kew Historical Soc."sandhill forge, genazzano convent (kew), cotham road (kew), william holt

What is now Kew East Primary School was opened on its current site in Kitchener Street in 1923. The Kew East and Mont Albert Heritage Gap Study (August 2020) established that: 'Kew East Primary School No. 3136 is historically significant for the evidence it provides of an early phase in the development of Kew East which gathered momentum from the 1920s, as housing developed rapidly and the population increased in response to the extension of the High Street tram to Harp Road then Burke Road then improved tram connections between the area and the city.'A rare and early photograph of the school taken four years after its construction. Small, sepia coloured photographic positive of East Kew State School. The two storey red brick building was opened in 1923. This view, three years after its construction shows preliminary fencing and undeveloped playing grounds.schools -- kew east (vic.), government schools -- kew -- kew east, strathalbyn street

Reproduced by permission of Mr John Arnold from his book: "The Riversdale Golf Club - a history, 1892-1977." Copyright to book: Riversdale Golf Club. Surrey Hills Golf Club operated from 1892-1908 then moved and became Riversdale Golf Club. The game was played across paddocks from Trafalgar Street, Mont Albert to Whitehorse Road and down Victoria Crescent to where Box Hill TAFE is now located in Elgar Road. There were problems with cows eating the tee flags! The clubhouse still exists as 30 Trafalgar Street. The men are standing on what is now Whitehorse Road in the cutting which can still be seen near the Box Hill Motel. Walter John Carre Riddell: Born c1859; died 12 March 1930; unmarried. Father came from Riddell in Scotland and took up land at Riddell's Creek, near Gisborne. W J Carre Riddell was educated at Melbourne Grammar, graduated in law from Melbourne University in 1882 and practised law until 1907. MLA for West Bourke for 17 years. Chairman of MMBW from 1907 until retirement in 1927. Versatile sportsman. REF: Obituary in Trove - The Argus, 13 March, 1930, p8.The image is significant for its association with Walter John Carre Riddell who was a significant identity in early 20th century Melbourne. His was well-known for his sporting prowess. In early life he was a keen footballer, cricketer and tennis player. In his later years he took up golf. Was President of Royal Melbourne Golf Club and Chairman of the Victorian Golf Association. The 'coffin hole' was a notoriously difficult position to play out from.Black and white photo of 2 men, one swinging his golf club; the other carrying a golf bag and watching. They are dressed in suits and hats and are standing in a cutting, the face of which shows rock strata."W. J. Carre Riddell playing out of the coffin, 1905."sports grounds, surrey hills golf club, riversdale golf club, jon arnold, w j carre-riddell, walter john carre riddell