Yields information about the relocation of the bogie trams from the old SEC depot to the new BTPS depot in the gardens and partly how it was done.Black and White copy photograph of a newspaper photograph taken by The Courier of the transferring bogie cars to the BTPS depot. No. 38 has been moved across the road, while No. 40 is behind John Withers Land rover. Photo taken 18/7/1972, published 19/7/1972. See Reg. Item 1792 for the photo used in the newspaper clipping. Collected by Alan Bradley from the Ballarat Courier early 1980's. See Excel file "Record of Ballarat Courier Photos BTM era" (Archive Documents) for source of details.tramways, trams, btps, moving trams, depot junction, tram 38, tram 40

Yields information about the official opening day of the tramway in 1975 and the trams that were involved.Black and White copy photograph of a newspaper photograph taken by The Courier of a line-up of trams on BTPS opening day, in front of trams (left-right) Bill Stephen MLA, Dudley Irwin MHR. Photo taken 1/2/1975 published 3/2/1975. Copy of newspaper clipping photo appeared in, not held by Museum at date of cataloguing. Collected by Alan Bradley from the Ballarat Courier early 1980's. See Excel file "Record of Ballarat Courier Photos BTM era" (Archive Documents) for source of details.On rear stamped "Copyright, The Ballarat Courier Proprietary Limited."tramways, trams, btps, opening day, wendouree parade, tram 27, tram 26, tram 14, tram 40

Yields information about the operation of the horse tram on its first day of service in Wendouree Parade following reconstruction by the BTPS.Black and White copy photograph of a newspaper photograph taken by The Courier of Horse tram No. 1 operates on its first day in service. Photo taken 7/11/1992 and published 9/11/1992 See Reg Item 1105 for the newspaper clipping this photograph was used in. Collected by Alan Bradley from the Ballarat Courier early 1980's. See Excel file "Record of Ballarat Courier Photos BTM era" (Archive Documents) for source of details. See Reg Item 3889.2 for the proof series of photographs that this one was selected from - C6445.tramways, trams, horse trams, btm, launch of horse tram, museum, tram 1

Object. Green Velvet & Silk Decorative Chocolate Box Late Victorian Era Circa 1890. Gold Metal Edged Decoration On Each Corner & Gold Metal Clasp. The Centre of the Lid is Decorated with a Large White Moulded Piece of Celluloid Over Heavy Cardboard. The Celluloid Decoration depicts a Classical Scene either Roman or Grecian; 2 Ladies, 1 Reclining & 1 Standing, With A Peacock & A Swan Around A Pond Containing Lotus Flowers Or Water Lilies in Foreground. The Side of the Box were Silk & 3 Beads in Each of the Corners.J.S. Fry & Sonsdomestic equipment, containers, green velvet chocolate box

Set of five PTC era forms. .1 - PTC Leave Application - A4 white - two pages. .2 - The Met - Refund Application form - A4 white - one page. .3 - V/Line - Trainee Nurse's Concession Fare Certificate - Quarto Green - 1 sheet. .4 - PTC - Statement of Lost, Mislaid or Mutilated tickets - A4 white - photocopied - 1 sheet. .5 - The Met - PTC - Statement of Lost, Mislaid or Mutilated tickets - A4 - two sheets - carbon sheet required - also for V/Line tickets.trams, tramways, the met, tickets, forms, certificates

Christmas Cards prepared by Peter and Patti Duckett and sent to Keith Kings Printed photo on exterior with red printed ribbons, photo corners on inside with another photo and gold block print and the Duckett's address. Photographs by Peter Duckett or from his collection. Item not dated. Cover photo of St Kilda Junction mid 1960's, prior to the reconstruction of the junction detailed in the notes inside the card. Has the service station with the word "Flash" on the roof. Inside photo shows the junction in the cable tram era, with motor cars and the signal box"To Keith" in ink.trams, tramways, christmas cards, st kilda junction, cable trams

This is a photograph of LTCOL Peter Constantine AM, who was the CO of the Army Survey Regiment from 1975 to 1976. He then assumed command of the School of Military Survey (SMS) from 1976 to his retirement in January 1982. LTCOL Constantine was one of RASvy’s most revered officers in this era, with 32 years of meritorious service as a leader on active duty in Vietnam in 1969 and the commanding officer of the Regiment and School. His memoirs of active duty in Vietnam ‘Surveyor - Printer Behind the Lines’ was published in 2022.This is a photograph of LTCOL Peter Constantine AM, who was the CO of the Army Survey Regiment at Fortuna, Bendigo, from 1975 to 1976. The black and white photograph was printed on photographic paper and is part of the Army Survey Regiment’s Collection. The photograph was scanned at 300 dpi. There is no annotation.royal australian survey corps, rasvy, army survey regiment, army svy regt, fortuna, asr

The construction of these boots suggests that it was not purchased locally or from any large town. It may have been introduced by a wandering caravan trader in clothes and shoes. In this era of rural development shoes, especially children footwear, were regarded as a longer term requirement that only required the soles and heels to be replaced. Multiple shoe types were not common only basics that could be handed down. The policy of one main work/play shoe and one church shoe (special occasion) was the norm at this point in history.Worn by Everil Fisher (girl) at Dederang in 1880. They have 'copper toes' and are 'Hob Nail' These items although very basic were what the region required and was applicable to all levels of society at this time. Durability and no fashion infiltration from larger cities resulted in a spartan attitude to basic living requirements. The rural regions of this area were more in focus to the character of the person rather than what was worn. The personal interactions of everyone in the region were more "true blue" than that of the cities. The concept of "mate-ship' far outweighed the type of fashion being wornBrown/Black ankle high boot for child age 4 (approx). Tongue and six eyelets with broken leather laces. Hob Nail visible on soles and heel. Copper Toes. costume, children's footwear, boots, anklets

This item relates to methods of reproducing photos on all forms of material in an era of physical offset printing.The offset method is being replaced by digital transfer direct to the final product,(paper or other porous and non porous surfaces). Newspapers and other "paper" information publications are still producing "hard copies" but these are slowly being phased out. This item was used Circa 1920s in the peek period of paper based media. From the 1940s radio and then television stepped into the mass media revolution.This book was produced when all printing, Government and private enterprise, was using the "off set" method. This method was used to a great degree in all schools within the Kiewa Valley. It was in an era before "photo-copying machines" were available. This was a period when printing inks for larger printing machines had to be purchased from specialised outlets and printing presses required to be washed after each "run" of printing before the next plate(aluminium) could be fastened onto the "off sett" machinery. Heat infusion now used in large machines and domestic printers has superseded this task. Faded green cloth covered book with green papered front and back sleeve pages.Photos and sketches are throughout the book. Gloss paper used from page 1 one to page 400. Pages 401 to page 432 are not gloss paper. The type of paper varies throughout the book until final advertisement and index pages, from page 833 to page 846, are on gloss paperThe spine cover is badly worn and wording is faded. Front cover has"Commercial Engraving And Printing" Author and publisher details written by Charles W. Hackleman. Published by Commercial Engraving Publishing Company, "A Manual of Practical Instruction and Reference Covering" Commercial Illustrating and Printing by all Processes.technical book, reference for engraving and printing

This item was reprinted in 1949 (first edition in 1934) in Great Britain and used in Victorian Infant school classes.This was in the era where "mother England" was still the favourite source of educational text books for Australian primary schools. "Australianism" was frowned upon by educational institutions as being not proper English. This belief lingered on for a longer period in private schools, where "ockerism" was a dirty word. It was not until the mid 1950s that the Australian dialect and social mores were accepted as suitable for educational activities.This item was used in Mount Beauty Primary School as part of a teacher's curriculum. The fact that it was in a rural area, Kiewa Valley did present a slightly different learning atmosphere than in the larger towns and cities. The majority of parents within the Kiewa Valley, had a slight resentment of the "high and mighty" attitude of city dwellers with a "plum in their mouths" and the effectiveness of city bred teachers was how to overcome these ingrained mores. The mentioning of European nations and lifestyles was to the pupils in the infant schools far more like "fairyland" than the realism that they experienced on the "land". However at this age level fantasy was more important than reality. Australian fantasy tales e.g. Blinky Bill (circa 1930s) introduced main characters that infants could identify, especially in rural schools.This item is a green coloured hard backed book containing 384 double sided pages. Nearly all pages have black writing and free hand sketches. There are some pages of duplicated sheet music.See KVHS 0046, KVHS 0047, KVHS 0048 for the other volumes held.On the spine is "MACMILLANS TEACHING IN PRACTICE" below this "PROJECTS and PICTURES" underneath "VOL 1". On title page "edited by E.J.S.Lay" underneath VOLUME ONE. Below this there is printed a two branch wreath within these an "Olympic" type torch.infant school curriculum, teacher's aid reference, instruction book

This item was reprinted in 1949 (first edition in 1934) in Great Britain and used in Victorian Infant school classes.This was in the era where "mother England" was still the favourite source of educational text books for Australian primary schools. "Australianism" was frowned upon by educational institutions as being not proper English. This belief lingered on for a longer period in private schools, where "ockerism" was a dirty word. It was not until the mid 1950s that the Australian dialect and social mores were accepted as suitable for educational activities.This item was used in Mount Beauty Primary School as part of a teacher's curriculum. The fact that it was in a rural area, Kiewa Valley did present a slightly different learning atmosphere than in the larger towns and cities. The majority of parents within the Kiewa Valley, had a slight resentment of the "high and mighty" attitude of city dwellers with a "plum in their mouths" and the effectiveness of city bred teachers was to overcome these ingrained mores. The mentioning of European nations and lifestyles was to the pupils in the infant schools far more like "fairyland" than the realism that they experienced on the "land". However at this age level fantasy was more important than reality. Australian fantasy tales e.g. Blinky Bill (circa 1930s) introduced main characters that infants could identify, especially in rural schools.This item is a green coloured hard backed book containing 768 double sided pages. Nearly all pages have black writing and free hand sketches. There are some pages of duplicated sheet music. See KVHS 0045, KVHS 0047, KVHS 0048 for the other volumes held.On the spine is "MACMILLANS TEACHING IN PRACTICE" below this "PROJECTS and PICTURES" underneath "VOL 2". On title page "edited by E.J.S.Lay" underneath VOLUME TWO. Below this there is printed a two branch wreath within these an "Olympic" type torch.infant school curriculum, teacher's aid reference, instruction book

This item was reprinted in 1949 (first edition in 1934) in Great Britain and used in Victorian Infant school classes.This was in the era where "mother England" was still the favourite source of educational text books for Australian primary schools. "Australianism" was frowned upon by educational institutions as being not proper English. This belief lingered on for a longer period in private schools, where "ockerism" was a dirty word. It was not until the mid 1950s that the Australian dialect and social mores were accepted as suitable for educational activities.This item was used in Mount Beauty Primary School as part of a teacher's curriculum. The fact that it is in a rural area, Kiewa Valley did present a slightly different learning atmosphere than in the larger towns and cities. The majority of parents within the Kiewa Valley, had a slight resentment of the "high and mighty" attitude of city dwellers with a "plum in their mouths" and the effectiveness of city bred teachers was to overcome these ingrained mores. The mentioning of European nations and lifestyles was to the pupils in the infant schools far more like "fairyland" than the realism that they experienced on the "land". However at this age level fantasy was more important than reality. Australian fantasy tales e.g. Blinky Bill (circa 1930s) introduced main characters that infants could identify, especially in rural schools.This item is a green coloured hard backed book containing 2067 double sided pages. Nearly all pages have black writing and free hand sketches. There are some pages of duplicated sheet music.The last 13 pages contain the index of the total 5 volumes of the set. See KVHS 0045, KVHS 0046, KVHS 0047 for the the volumes held.On the spine is "MACMILLANS TEACHING IN PRACTICE" below this "PROJECTS and PICTURES" underneath "VOL 5". On title page "edited by E.J.S.Lay" underneath"VOLUME FIVE". Below this there is printed a two branch wreath within these an "Olympic" type torch.teacher's aid reference, instruction book, infant school curriculum

This vintage-era clock case has a curved top and two doors, one at the side, and the other at the top. It could have had another frame for the front with a window or fitted space for the clock mechanism. The doors may have given access for winding the clock with a key and to set the time or perhaps an alarm or chime. It is possible that the arched shape was the bottom of the clock case and not the top, in which case, there would be more space for a pendulum to swing. The wooden case would amplify the sound of the tick of the clock.The wooden clock case is connected to domestic life in the late 19th and early 20th centuries when households could afford at least one clock for their furnishings.Wooden clock case with open front and arched top, which may be the bottom of the case. It has a hinged door on the side and another door on the top with a small brass knob. This case is ready to be fitted with a clock mechanism.warrnambool, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill, flagstaff hill maritime museum, flagstaff hill maritime village, clock case, clock case with two doors, pendulum clock case, vintage, horology, time keeping, clock maker, domestic clock, furnishing

Condensing 100 years of Otway history the author tries to give an insight into the thoughts and ways of the settlers in opening the western Otway Ranges. It gives some indication of the mental pressure, hand-in-hand with the physical stress, as a settler cleared the land and made a living for his family. It covers how the rail link brought in the timber mills and their workers which made timber the main industry of that era, and covers the changes that took place in the 1930s as the mills closed down and the district raised crops, dairying and grazing.The Otways that I knew. Ronald Charles 'Corker' Brown. 1st ed. Corker Brown; np; 1993. 216 p.; illus; maps. Soft cover. ISBN 0 646 16798 7otway ranges; corker brown; otway lighthouse; aborigines; beech forest; farming; grazing; crops; railways; roads; timber;

Includes description including photographs of Camberwell Junction and Burke Road, pre 1950's era. Electric transport 1916-1925, tools and waterways. Published [Brisbane] : Jacaranda Press in association with the Camberwell City Council, 1964 From estate of Ken Hall; Cheryl Poustie was Ken's daughter. Records in detail history and development of the Melbourne suburb of Camberwell. A city covering thirteen square miles. Begins with first European settlement in 1835 by John Gardiner - ending at 1960.Records in detail history and development of the Melbourne suburb of Camberwell. A city covering thirteen square miles. Begins with first European settlement in 1835 by John Gardiner - ending at 1960.Title Page: Kenneth T.Hall / 89-4418camberwell - history, (mr) john gardiner, outer circle railway, camberwell (vic) - history, broughton hall

This hat is part of the former Brighton Technical School girls' uniform. Brighton Technical School was officially opened in Berwick Street, Brighton on 28 July 1922, following a ten-year campaign to establish a local public secondary school. A separate girls' campus was opened two years later at Cora Lynn, a Victorian-era Italianate villa in 45 Cochrane Street. Generations of Brighton students went through the school until it was closed by the Victorian Department of Education in 1991.Navy blue fur felt hat with rounded crown and slighty upturned brim. Navy blue grosgrain hat band with narrow red, gold and brown stripes.Interior label: "CREATED BY / VARDEN / MELB. / 'AKUBRA' FINEST FUR FELT". On the reverse side, the name "Eleanor Clark" is written in blue pen.brighton technical school, school uniform, school hat

Due to increased numbers of tourists in the post-World War Two era, and the increased popularity of the Penguin Parade, without sufficient public education or protection of the penguin habitat, many Little Penguins perished during the 1960s. Trampling, unsupervised interference with the birds, unrestricted access to their dune habitat, plus predation by foxes, cats and dogs, led to most of the rookeries outside of the Summerland patrolled areas - such as on the west and north Phillip Island coasts, and parts of the south coast - being obliterated by the mid 1970s.this article is highly significant as it was published shortly before the establishment of the Phillip Island Conservation Society Inc in 1968, which commenced agitation to make management of Crown Land by Phillip Island Shire Council and government bodies accountable for protection of wildlife habitat on Phillip Island.photocopy of newspaper cutting. Black print on white paper. 3--1-64phillip island, penguin parade, little penguin, habitat destruction, penguin parade committee, shell house,

Taken in the 1960s, depicted are approximately twenty-nine male and female spectators at a school swimming carnival on Lake Sambell near the caravan park. Lake Sambell is a beautiful Victorian recreation lake and urban park with a unique history. It was created in the mid-1800s by the Rocky Mountain Mining company during the gold rush era and used as a mining site until the early 1900s, which brought Europeans into the area. It was turned into a reserve for residents in 1920 and is considered an icon of Beechworth as it represents the development of the community, human endeavour, and the spirit of the landscape. This photograph represents the post-gold rush era use of Lake Sambell as a recreational reserve. Swimming carnivals were held at the lake and considered a social event for the Beechworth community.Black and white reproduced rectangular photograph print on paper.Reverse: Community/ Swimming pool 1960s/ near the caravan park/ Lakes?lake swimming pool, lake swimming, beechworth carnival processions, carnival, #beechworth, beechworth 1960s, victoria

This yearly effort was conducted from 12.11.1998 - 12.12.1998. At the bottom of each page are details re pick up and delivery of tickets and stocking. The raffle was conducted from 3 different selling points. The names on the roster are a who's who of the RSL at the time, except for two names all the sellers were WW2 era members being a list of President current, ex Presidents, Life members, Committee and notables. The hand written notes were by Jack Barnes OAM. Refer Cat No's 8130P & 8220.Bendigo RSL Xmas stocking raffle roster, 4 pages all white, first two pages are typed in black, one is for the morning roster and one the afternoon, pages 3 & 4 are a handwritten version getting the final ready, text in blue pen with some in red. All are stapled together.On first page in red pen, "98"brsl, smirsl, stocking, xmas, 1998

Arthur Ernest Albert Dawson entered Ballarat College 4 August 1886. The 1887 Ballarat College Sports program lists Arthur's name against Hurdles, Flat Race, and High Jump. Unfortunately the medal is undated. The intriguing inscription 'Twice Second' may refer to Arthur's competition for the College Cup, a highly valued Athletics Prize. The school does not hold sufficient records from this era to confirm any further details. The medal was donated to the school by Arthur's great-nephew, Ken Dawson, in 2019. The medal has social significance. It reveals the very high value placed on sports involvement at the school from its earliest beginnings. Ornate silver medal Inscribed around school crest on front: Ballarat College Inscribed on medal verso: A Dawson / Twice Secondarthur ernest albert dawson, college cup, athletics, medal, 1880s, dawson

The Australian Air League was formed in 1934, in an era when Australian Aviators such as Sir Charles Kingsford-Smith, Charles Ulm, Bert Hinkler, Sir Ross and Keith Smith and others were household names and heroes. The first Squadron was opened in Manly (NSW) and the Air League quickly spread throughout that state. In early 1939 the first Squadron was opened in Victoria and in 1944 the first Girls Section was formed. Today the Australian Air League is active in NSW, the ACT, Victoria, Queensland, South Australia and is still expandingBlack & White photo copy of original. 18 girls of varying ages between 8 and 18.phillip island girls air league, laurie west

This "sewing and darning" box was purchased before 1952 (the date that the Clark Brothers merged with J&P Coats). It was in an era where the production and alteration/modification to any household or personal clothing was carried out by a family member/s. This was at the period where self sufficiency in rural and especially remote areas was a requirement and not just a hobby. Clothing modifications and "hand me downs" was a way of life. The long and tiresome journey from home to millinery shops was a great force to ensure that home sewing was carried out in the majority of residential and farm areas.This sewing box was donated by a pioneer family in the Kiewa Valley. Its significance points to an era before the establishment of the Kiewa Hydro Electricity Scheme and the establishment of the Mount Beauty Township. It was a time when the rural industries of the Kiewa Valley was rich in production of beef, dairy products, tobacco leaf and before the mass of alpine adventurers that tourism sparked. It was a time rural enterprises out shone tourism.This wooden sewing box is covered with decorative paper. The lid is fastened to the bottom section with two small hinges each having four screws. Each side is fixed to the other by a mortise groove. At the front of the box is a small clasp for complete closure. The box contains needles, darrning thread, thimble, a glass vial with metal screwtop and a red plastic cylindrical container with a thimble screw on top(contains a small reel with three different cotton thread compartments).On outside lid "FROM A FRIEND. I DO NOT WISH THEE GRANDEUR, NOR YET A STORE OF WEALTH, I WISH THEE RICHER TREASURE, CONTENTMENT, PEACE & HEALTH", On inside lid "USE CLARK & CO ANCHOR COTTONS FOR HAND & MACHINE SEWING ANCHOR MILLS, PAISLEY" Each of the different sewing boxes from the Clark Bros. has a label with different "friend" passages.sewing box, hand stitching, domestic clothes alterations, haberdashery

Aerial view of the Ballarat Post Office, corner of Sturt Street and Lydiard Street North, taken from the tower of the Ballarat Town Hall, corner of Sturt Street and Armstrong Street South. The Post Office was opened in December 1858. Photograph taken through the wrought iron of the tower in 2007. The tower and main entrance to the Post Office face Lydiard Street North. Other buildings from the same era are the former Bank of Australia, opposite corner, and the Mining Exchange. In the distance is Black Hill, an old mining area.Black and white photograph of the Ballarat Post Office on the corner of Sturt Street and Lydiard Street North, taken from the tower of the Ballarat Town Hall corner of Sturt Street and Armstrong Street South. View is taken through the wrought iron of the tower. post office, town hall, tower, wrought iron, sturt street, lydiard street, armstrong street, bank of australia, mining exchange, black hill

This notebook contains lists of fixtures, starters, results, handicap limits of cyclists who competed with the Geelong West Cycling Club between 1946 and 1948. It also includes a number of newspaper articles on cycling races held by the Geelong West Cycling Club. Other newspaper articles included in this notebook are articles about notable cyclists in that era - Lionel Edgell (1932-1936), Ray McKay, Victorian Junior Track Champion 1947, Ken Stewart and State B Grade Women's Champion Joan Lindgren from Geelong. This notebook reflects the importance of cycling in the Geelong Community in the mid 20th Century. The detailed newspaper articles and race results included in this notebook indicate the high profile that cycling had at that time.Water stained notebook containing newspaper cuttings and handwritten results for the years 1946 - 1948. Also includes newspaper photos. The notebook has a black cloth cover.geelong west cycling club; lionel edgell; ray mckay; ken stewart; joan lindgren;

Laurie McCabe was in charge of Beech Forest Station until October 1929. When the timber industry went into decline because of poor markets and the crippling effects of the 1929 strike, and when road haulage signalled the beginning of a new transport era it was the beginning of the end. As a result staffing levels were severely cut over the period 1927/29 with the two station masters at Beech Forest and Gellibrand replaced by caretakers in October 1929. The line was then supervised by travelling station masters of whom Laurie McCabe was one of two.B/W. Laurie McCabe in charge of Beech Forest Railway Station in the 1920s, pictured on track one just down from the station buildings. Note the slight snow covering on the tracks.beech forest; railways; laurie mccabe;

Map of Melbourne's Tram and Bus routes, route destinations, all-night bus routes, depots, golf links and sporting grounds, rail lines, and location of major places of interest. Titled - "Tramway Map of Melbourne and Suburbs" - c1950, after the La Trobe or Latrobe St lines opened. Not known who produced the map. Does not give route numbers. See also Reg Item 2300 for an MMTB Map of the same era, 3720 for a similar version with the MMTB guest houses shown, and 4525.1 for an MMTB Photograph.Yields information about Melbourne tram routes prior to Bourke St being built.Fold out map (6 sections), two colours. Has been removed from a book with the remnants of other paper in the top left-hand side.has "1950" in top left hand corner in ink.trams, tramways, melbourne, map, tram & bus services, all night services, mmtb

In the 1890s, American Ever-Ready Company founder Conrad Hubert invented the electric flash light which worked with his dry cell batteries . The first Ever Ready flash light was patented in 1898. The first portable flashlights were hand-made from crude paper and fibre tubes, with a bulb and a rough brass reflector. Because batteries were weak and bulbs primitive, flashlights of the era produced only a brief flash of light- thus the name. This torch is named a Bullseye because of the glass lens at the top.This torch helps to interpret the development of lighting. The collection of whale oil lamps as well as gas and electric lighting. Silver coloured metal torch. It has a body and a lid/top. The body is hip flask shaped. On the side of the body is a silver coloured metal button which can be slid up and down. On both the front and back of the body and the top centre are tow small raised circles. The top, which can be removed has a glass dome on it. The inside of the body has a small piece of contact metal where the slide button on the outside turn the torch on and off. In the centre at the top there is the light bulb. The base of the body can also be removed. The base has the makers mark EVER READY stamped on it.Lid light: FY (within a diamond shape) / PATENT 40092 Base: EVER READYlight, torch, lighting, portland, glenelg shire

William Smellie’s straight forceps are one of the most significant pairs of forceps in the Museum collection. William Smellie (1697– 1763), designed these forceps, which were an improvement on the forceps of that time. These forceps were easier to use being shorter and lighter, particularly in the handles, with pelvic curve shaped blades. He invented a locking device for the two blades. The blades were lined with leather and greased with hog’s lard for the ease of delivery and the greater comfort of the patient, this being in the era prior to an understanding of sepsis and the need for surgical hygiene.Smellie was groundbreaking in his understanding of Childbirth and became an influential teacher of Obstetrics. He diligently studied the birthing process, particularly the descent of the baby’s head down the birth canal. His observations lead to him noting that many deaths occurred because of a lack of understanding of this process and the inappropriate handling of forceps. Smellie is generally given the credit for improving the forceps to make them easier to use and less likely to damage the baby. Smellie’s "Treatise on the Theory and Practice of Midwifery" was published In 1751 and became a widely influential teaching resource. Copies of this birth atlas are held in the Frank Forster Library, RANZCOG. Smellie's obstetric forceps. Iron forceps with traces of leather on the two blades. The blades touch at the tips when the blades are fully closed. The handles have a metal sheet coating and would also have been covered in leather originally. There is a notch at the centre to lock the blades in place. Noneobstetric delivery, william smellie

While the end of World War II heralded a new era, postwar restrictions on resources affected what could be built, how people worked, and the everyday lives of men and women. The decade beginning in 1950 included monumental shifts in the social and cultural fabric of life in Australia more widely, and also in Kew. This exhibition explores how life changed by exploring the memories of people who lived in Kew during these years, the development of notable private and public modern architecture, and the ways that innovation transformed the lives of Kew’s residents. Set of five photos of artefacts and photographs of the main exhibition room of the Kew Historical Society at the Kew Court House. The secondary room includes images of 1950s and 1960s architecture. Also included in this file is the exhibition flyer.kew -- history -- postwar, kew historical society -- exhibitions

This 1994 photograph of Jacana Primary School’s students and staff holds lasting historical and emotional significance as a visual record of early childhood education within a now-closed institution. It reflects the school’s vibrant community spirit, cultural diversity, and nurturing environment, preserving the legacy of a place that once played a vital role in shaping young lives and fostering local identity. As a snapshot of its era, it also offers insight into the fashion and hairstyles of the time, making it a meaningful artefact for former students, staff, and the broader community.This photograph of the students and staff of Jacana Primary School in 1994 holds enduring historical and emotional value as a visual record of early childhood education in a now closed institution. It captures a moment in time that reflects the community spirit, diversity and educational environment of Jacana during its operational years. As the school has since closed, the image swerves as a poignant reminder of the role Jacana Primary played in shaping young lives and fostering local identity. It is a valuable artefact for former students, staff and the broader community, preserving the legacy of a place that once stood as a cornerstone of learning and connection. The image is also a record of the fashion and hairstyles of the era. Colour photograph, mounted on white card with a black border and laminated.jacana primary school, students, staff, 1994, education