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Federation University Historical Collection
Booklet, GIAE Official Opening, 1976, 11/1976
The Gippsland Institute of Advanced Education was established by an Order-in-Council in September 1968. On its establishment, the Institute assumed responsibility for the diploma coursed previously offered at Yallourn Technical College. In 1972 the Institute transferred part of its operations to the first of its permanent buildings on a large campus in rural surrounding near the township of Churchill, ten kilometres south of Morwell, and 160 kilometres east of Melbourne. The campus site plan report prepared in 1970 by the Institute's campus planners, Yuncken Freeman Architects Pty Ltd, provided the conceptual base for the development of a new campus at Churchill. All facilities were planned to converge on a central space; all having the ability to expand outwards. Central to the campus plan was the concept of an internal pedestrian street connecting all academic divisions to the central facilities. The first building was completed in 1972. The Administration Building, Visual Art & Maintenance Workshops, Multi-Purpose Building, and Student residences were designed by Yuncken Freeman Architects. The central Facilities Building (cafeteria and Union) were designed by Chancellor and Patrick, the Education Building and Applied Science Building is designed by Eggleston, McDonald and Secomb.Grey and yellow soft covered booklet prepared for the official opening of Gippsland Institute of Advanced Education.gippsland institute of advanced education, gippsland campus, churchill, m.w. hopper, c.h. ford, lindsay thompson, j.l. carrick, r.w. muncey -
Federation University Historical Collection
Plan, Plan Former Ballarat Gaol and Ballarat School of Mines Buildings, 1926/1927
After the closure or the Ballarat Gaol the space was taken over by the Ballarat SChool of Mines and the gaol building was demolished. The E.J. Tippett Library is now on the site of the former Gaol building.Copy of 1928 plans for the Ballarat Gaol, with two Ballarat School of Mines buildings marked on it - The Student Amenities building and the Learning Resource Centre (E.J. Tippett Library). It shows a 'future Teaching Building' which was never built.ballarat school of mines, ballarat gaol, plan, student amenities building, learning resource centre, e.j. tippett library, governor's residence, warden's residence -
Federation University Historical Collection
Photograph - Photograph - Colour, Former Ballarat Gaol Gates and Warden's Quarters, 2001, 1991
The Ballarat Gaol operated between 1862 and 1965. The complex was based on a central hall from which radiated wings of cells. This meant one guard could stand in the centre of the hall and see all the cells. Most of the gaol was demolished to allow the School of MInes Ballarat to expand. The remaining structures at the site include the main gate, the Warden's Residence, shown in the photo, and the Governor's Residence. These buildings are now used by Federation University. The Warden's Residence is home to the Australian Centre for Research into Injury in Sports and its Prevention.Colour photograph of the main gate of the former Ballarat Gaol and the Warden's Quarters. The gate features a beautifully executed arch keystone of basalt and appears to be cut from one single block of stone. The two storey Warden's Quarters are to the right of the gates.ballarat gaol, lydiard street south, ballarat school of mines, cells, guard, warden's residence, governor's residence, federation university -
Federation University Historical Collection
Colour photograph, Ballarat Courier Photographer, Former Ballarat Gaol Gates, 09-06-1997
The main gate to the former Gaol is a monumental work. The arch keystone facing Lydiard Street is beautifully executed. The gates and the iron lacework over the top are distinctive.The arch under the flyover is also distinctive; the basalt keystone appears to have been cut from one single block of stone. Most of the gaol has been demolished to allow the School of Mines Ballarat to expand onto the site. The remaining structures at the site include the main gate, warden's residence and governor's residence. These buildings are now used by Federation University.The main gate to the former Gaol is a monumental work. The arch keystone facing Lydiard Street is beautifully executed. The gates and the iron lacework over the top are distinctive.The arch under the flyover is also distinctive; the basalt keystone appears to have been cut from one single block of stone. gate, gaol, arch keystone, lydiard street, iron lacework, flyover, stone, basalt, ballarat school of minesfederation university, warden's residence, governor's residence -
Federation University Historical Collection
Newsletter, Genesis: The Dynamics of the Developing Campus Ballarat Institute of Advanced Education Mount Helen, 1971, 07/1971
Two photocopies of July 1971 edition of 'Genesis'.mount helen campus, wendouree charitable fund, timken international fund of canton, ohio, e.j. barker, student housing, student residences, student housing precinct stage 1, e.j. barker library, buildings, applied science building, student union building, wlaker and jackson, history of the mount helen site, l.h. vernon and associates, r.n. and j.e. greenbank, landscape, australian natives association, ballarat institute of advanced education, computer centre, i.c.l. 1901a computer system, chemistry acquisitions, metallurgy acquisitions, physics acqiusitions, electrical engineering acquisitions, mechanical engineering acquisitions, centenary appeal, new courses -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Photograph - HIGH SCHOOL SITE, TAKEN FROM CAMP HILL SCHOOL, 1870
Black and white photograph of high school site taken from Camp Hill School in 1870, looking North East. Inscriptions: Identification of buildings typed on attached paper. Far left is the Corporate High School, the Police Office is the long building, the Supreme Court building at read and the Principal's residence towards the foreground. The vegetation and path in the front is now part of the Camp Hill Primary School.place, landscape view -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Photograph - BENDIGO HISTORICAL SOCIETY COLLECTION: MATHIESON'S HOTEL, KNOWSLEY
Colour photograph of Mathieson's Hotel, Knowsley. Weatherboard building with iron roof, verandah at front. Hotel is also known locally as Cosmos and has been used as a residence for many years. Currently owned by Don and Carol White, Knowsley. Photo taken on BHS tour. Burke and Wills Expedition camped near this site in 1860, allegedly opposite the Mathieson's Hotel.buildings, commercial, mathieson's hotel, knowsley -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - ALBERT RICHARDSON COLLECTION: VICTORIA HILL IRONBARK
Three page handwritten document outlining the history of the Victoria Hill area. The open cuts on Victoria Hill; Lansell's Big 180 Mine, Victoria Quartz Mine; Wittscheibe's 'Jewellers Shop', Luffman and Sterry, Central Nell Gwynne and New Chum Hill are mentioned in the article. A description of the suitability of the Victoria Hill site as a potential mining museum is discussed as 'it is centrla to both the northern and southern ends of the main portion of the Bendigo and Eaglehawk mines'. William Rae built two fine residences on Happy Valley Road, and also set up a 30 head battery out of his gains from Victoria Hill.bendigo, mining, victoria hill -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Photograph - RALPH BIRRELL COLLECTION: TREE AT FORMER GUNPOWDER MAGAZINE, WHITE HILLS
Colour photograph of tree 'planted around the gunpowder magazine site in the 1880's, most of which still remain' at White Hills, Bendig ( at the end of Riley Street) The magazine keeper's residence is nearby and is in use as private residence. A magazine for gelignite was built nearby on the site of the Bendigo East School in 1883 and was pulled down in 1915. (see Mosaic 4400.220 for detailed information regarding the White Hills, written by Dr. Ralph Birrell)bendigo, mining, white hills -
Port Melbourne Historical & Preservation Society
Photograph - Police residences, Graham Street, Public Records Office Victoria (PROV), 1920s - 1930s
COPYRIGHT Public records Office Victoria Black and white photos from DVD .02 Sergeant's residence (1 TIFF and 1 JPEG copy) .03 Front door of residence (1 TIFF and 1 JPEG copy) .04 Front of site at Graham St for proposed residence (1 TIFF and 1 JPEG copy) .05 Rear of site in laneway behind Graham St (1 TIFF and 1 JPEG copy)built environment - civic, built environment - domestic, police, law, port melbourne police station -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Negative - LA TROBE UNIVERSITY BENDIGO COLLECTION: BENDIGO TEACHERS' COLLEGE ADMINISTRATION BLOCK
A white envelope with the words ' Administration Block Pleasant Vale' written on the front. The number 14 is at the top on the left hand side. Inside is a negative only of the administration block at Bendigo Teachers' College. In the background is the Principal's Residence ' Pleasant Vale'.bendigo, education, bendigo teachers' college, la trobe university bendigo collection, collection, bendigo teachers' college, administration, buildings, site, place, ' pleasant vale, ' education, tertiary education, residence, teacher trainiing, negative -
Tatura Irrigation & Wartime Camps Museum
Photograph - copy, D. Clark, Brown's Bakery and residence, 1989 copy
Photograph showing residence of Browns Bakery and part of shop and old palm tree on left. Also part of Collivers shop on right. Zappias Pharmacy now on bakery site.Black and white copy photograph of residence and part of Brown's bakery, Hogan Street, Tatura. Late 1940's.on back: Browns Bakery and residencebrowns bakery -
Grey Street Primary School, Traralgon
Book, spiral bound, An alphabetical index to the / Register of / Traralgon P.S. 3584 / Grey Street / 1912- 2012 / P - Z, 2012
This transcription is organised alphabetically making it very ease when searching for family names and information. The columns include Register number, Name, DOB, Date of Admission, Name of Parent/Guardian, Residence of Parent/Guardian, Occupation of Parent/Guardian, School last attended and date, Last attendance and Destination. There are 13420 pupils recorded in this transcription which covers 100 years of Education on the Grey Street site. This transcription set has been divided into 4 volumes for ease of handling.The database in alphabetical order was printed onto A3 pages for ease of reading and has laminated front and back covers.grey street., traralgon, pupil, register, transcription -
Ruyton Girls' School
Photograph - Studio Portrait, [Henry Henty], c.1890
Henry Henty (b.1833-d.1912) was a successful businessman, and briefly a MLA for the seat of Grenville, Victoria in 1866. He was one of three sons of James Henty, and nephew of Edward Henty who is considered to be the first permanent European colonist to take up residence in Victoria. Henry Henty and his wife Marion Ann Henty (nee McKellar) had ‘Tarring’, Kew built for their family in 1872. The Henty family resided at ‘Tarring’ until the death of Marion Henty in 1919. ‘Tarring’ was then sold to Ruyton Girls’ School, and the School moved to the site, (now 12 Selbourne Rd, Kew) in 1920. ‘Tarring’ was renamed ‘Henty House’ in honour of its original owners. Half-length, sepia-toned studio portrait of Mr Henry Henty (b.1833-d.1912). Mr Henty wears a dark suit and tie. His body is one quarter turned to his left, while he looks straight towards the camera. The background behind him is plain and dark. Photograph is mounted on cream card.henry henty, tarring, marion henty, selbourne road, kew (vic), ruyton girls' school, businessman, politician, 1890s -
Stawell Historical Society Inc
Photograph, Black Range Quarry Site
Black Range Quarry SiteOn Reverse Bullocky Mary's House (Mary Honan) On Bullocky Mary Road. Remains of Residence are nearly to Mr Snooks Fence.stawell -
Nillumbik Shire Council
Mixed Media (installation): John R. NEESON (b.1956 AUS), John R Neeson, Riverbend Project, 2015
John R Neeson was a Laughing Waters Artist in Residence in 2015. During his residency Neeson made site specific trompe-l’oeil paintings and time based videos that referenced the changes of light upon the Knox architecture and the environment of Laughing Waters.Wooden easel holding an oil on board painting of the Yarra River and surrounding landscape at Laughing Waters (detailed view). Behind the painting and easel is a digital photograph of the painting and easel in situ in the landscape. The photograph is printed on aluminium. No inscriptions and markingsekphrasis 2016, neeson, easel, oil painting, yarra river, digital photograph, landscape, in situ, site specific, riverbend -
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Document, Walker Estate, 1/10/1938
... , subdivided into 12 building sites for brick residences. House built... of grounds, subdivided into 12 building sites for brick residences ...Brochure for auction, 8 October 1938 of Walker Estate, Mitcham. 9 room brick residence and 11/2 acres of grounds, subdivided into 12 building sites for brick residences. House built for E.E. Walker by Louis Hatherley. Auctioneers: Edward Haughton Pty Ltd and Drake & Co.land subdivision, walker estate, walker, edgar edwardes, hatherley, louis, meerut street, mitcham, mitcham road, agra street, simla street -
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Document, High School Estate, 1949
Advertisement for High School Estate,Advertisement for High School Estate, Box Hill auction on 24/9/1949 of residence and shop and 15 shop sites including plan of development.Advertisement for High School Estate, auctions, high school estate box hill, middleborough road, box hill, flora avenue, whitehorse road -
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Document, The Walker Estate Mitcham, 8/10/1938 12:00:00 AM
Executor's Realisation Auction of the Walker Estate.Executor's Realisation Auction of the Walker Estate of 12 building sites at 1 pm and the residence of E.E Walker at 3 pm, 8 Oct 1938Auctioneers: Edward Haughton Pty Ltd Drake & Co Solicitors: Gillott, Moir & AhernExecutor's Realisation Auction of the Walker Estate.walker estate, mitcham, walker, edgar edwardes -
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Document, Walker Estate Mitcham, 8/10/1938 12:00:00 AM
... Auction brochure for 'Beautiful brick residence' of 9 rooms... sites for brick residences, Saturday 8th October 1938. Auction ...Auction brochure for 'Beautiful brick residence' of 9 rooms, with 1 1/2 acres of grounds, subdivided into 12 sites for brick residences, Saturday 8th October 1938.Auction brochure for 'Beautiful brick residence' of 9 rooms, with 1 1/2 acres of grounds, subdivided into 12 sites for brick residences, Saturday 8th October 1938, by order of the Executors of the late E. E. Walker. Frontages to Mitcham Road, Agra Street, Simla Street and Meerut Street. Auctioneers: Edward Haughton Pty Ltd and Drake & Co. Original copy framed, located in Map Drawer.Auction brochure for 'Beautiful brick residence' of 9 rooms, with 1 1/2 acres of grounds, subdivided into 12 sites for brick residences, Saturday 8th October 1938.walker, edgar edwardes, walker estate, mitcham road, mitcham, agra street mitcham, simla street mitcham, meerut street mitcham, drake & co., edward haughton pty ltd -
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Document, Splendid home sites, 1938?
Sale brochure for 23 home sites and 'Gentleman's delightful country residence',.Sale brochure for 23 home sites and 'Gentleman's delightful country residence', frontages to Mitcham Road, Calcutta Street, Simla Street, Benares Street and Delhi Street. Agents: Baillieu Allard Pty Ltd and Drake & Co.Sale brochure for 23 home sites and 'Gentleman's delightful country residence',.walker estate, mitcham road mitcham, simla street mitcham, benares street mitcham, calcutta street mitcham, delhi street mitcham, drake & co., baillieu allard pty ltd -
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Document - Report, The Pound House, 1998
Report on The Pound House, 988 Canterbury Road, Box Hill South, by Andrew Ward, architectural historian.Report on The Pound House, 988 Canterbury Road, Box Hill South, by Andrew Ward, architectural historian. The report details the history of the site which was the first Shire Hall of the Shire of Nunawading and then the residence of the pound keeper. The building is described. Photographs. 7 pages.Report on The Pound House, 988 Canterbury Road, Box Hill South, by Andrew Ward, architectural historian. bills, annis, george, fairbanks, g, j, bennett, s, bishop, edward, bayley, leonard sherwin, blood, robert, norman & hayes, kennedy, bob, city of box hill, shire of nunawading -
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Photograph, View from Mitcham Pedestrian Bridge, 1/07/2000 12:00:00 AM
Coloured photo from the pedestrian overpass on Whitehorse Road, Mitcham, looking north-east towards the Mitcham Shopping Centre.- North - side. House with Spanish taste belonged to Mr. Peake of Peake and Cox, the timber yard directly across Whitehorse Road from this house which became the new site of St.John's Roman Catholic Primary School. This house was on the corner of Whitehorse Road and Albert Street. Upon the sale of the timber yard and mill the catholic church the house was also sold to the church and was occupied as a residence for the school's teaching Sister's. (House since demolished)whitehorse road, mitcham, pedestrian overpass -
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Photograph, Warrender Hospital
Four copies of Warrender Hospital and Surgery run by Dr. Stanley Cochrane, Harrison Street- McDowall corner, Mitcham - site now occupied by R.S.L. Originally Dr. Cochrane's extremely large home the hospital became two private family dwellings when its activities as hospital ceased . Dr. Cochrane had consequently built a private residence/surgery on the corner of Mitcham Road and Harrison Street.warrender hospital, cochrane, stanley, dr., mitcham private hospital -
Ballarat Heritage Services
Photograph, Fernleigh Flats, Ballarat, 12/02/2022
Residents of the Fernleigh Flats Retirement village are understood to be well and strong enough to care for themselves and need to be over the age of 55 years. Fernleigh Flats is owned and operated by the Seventh Day Adventist Church. "TO LET, a Brick House, corner of Urquhart and Ripon Streets. Apply Owen Cazaly, Mining Exchange."(Ballarat Star, 16 Aug 1867) "SALE BY AUCTION, Corner of Urquhart and Ripon streets, 07 COMFORTABLE COTTAGE PROPERTY. M'GREGOR BROTHERS, instructed by the owner, Mr Bradbury, who has bought another property, will sell by public auction, on Monday, 16th May, at half-past 12, His six-roomed substantially-built RESIDENCE. The owner has, under his own supervision, spared no expense in making this a most comfortable and convenient dwelling, situated on a quarter of an acre allotment, at the corner of Urqhuart and Ripon streets, high and dry. Garden laid out with choice young fruit trees; ground capable of growing anything. Fowl yard fenced off. making It a most desirable residence. For a family residence or as An investment this is a good opportunity. Inspection invited. Auctioneer, R. M'GREGOR. (Ballarat Star, 12 May 1893.)A retirement village on the corner of Urquhart Street and Ripon Street, Ballarat. The street trees surrounding this property include a number of trees (blue cedar?) and suggest the demolition of an older stately home on this site. fernleigh flats, residences, architecture -
Ballarat Heritage Services
Photograph, Clare Gervasoni, Interior of Sacred Heart Kew, 01/03/2015
In 1872 membes of the Jesuits purchased land in Walpole Street. Three years later, on 14 Februrary 1875, Archbishop Gould laid a foundation stone for a school. By 1899 the land for the current church was purchased after mining speculator and Mt Lyell 'Copper King' James Crotty donated 3,000.00 pounds. The foundation stone was laid on 15 December 1918 by Archbishop Mannix. The cost of constructing the domed church was 15,000.00 pounds. A Fincham and Sons organ was installed in 1927, and refurbished in 1977. NEW PRESBYTERY AT KEW. Plans have been prepared by Mr. R. Harper, architect and builder, for the erection of a new presbytery for the Rev. P. Rafferty, adjoining the Sacred Heart Church, Cotham-road, Kew. The new building, which will be in brick and of two stories, will be behind the present priests' residence, which will continue to be used until the new presbytery is completed. The cost will be £6000, and the work will be begun almost immediately. The old presbytery was purchased many years ago by the late Rev. Fr. P. O'Donohue from the late Mr. Smart for £3000, and the full amount of the purchase money was donated by the late Mr. James Crotty. At different times additions were made to the building, but the small rooms made it altogether unsuitable as a residence for three priests, and made remodelling impracticable. The new presbytery will be in keeping with the Church of the Sacred Heart and the surroundings on the elevated site. At one time the old Sacred Heart Church was in Walpole-street, Kew. (The Advocate, 09 December 1937) The whole of the estate of the late Jas. Crotty has now been realised ex cepting 4000 shares in the Mount Lyell Company and a small parcel of general mining shares. All the debts and legacies, including £10,000 to St. Patrick's and £3300 to the testator's parish church at Kew, and also probate duty, have been paid. On present values the Mount Lyell shares. are worth a total of £37,000, and at the present rate of dividends the return represents an income of about £2000 per annum. Over and above this there is a sum of between £20,000 and £30,000 available for investment, and this, together with the dividends brings the income of the estate up to about £3000 per annum. A sum of £1100 per annum will be absorbed in annuities under the terms of the will. Whatever amount is realised beyond the sum necessary to pay the annuities goes to Archbishop Carr for the church and charitable purposes until the death of the last annuitant, when the resi duary estate will be divided between the Little Sisters of the Poor (North cote) and St. Joseph's Home (Surrey Hills). (Launceston Examiner, 18 July 1899) Sunday last being the anniversary of tire opening of the Sacred Heart Church, Kew, the pastor, Rev. Fr. Manly, made a special appeal at the various Masses. The beautiful design for marble altar for the Lady Chapel, which is on view in the vestibule, continues to attract attention. The Children of Mary Sodality have kindly undertaken to provide it, and the president, Miss Frances O'Sulliv!an, 43 Rideway-avenue, Kew, will be pleased to receive and acknow r ledge subscriptions from clients of Our Lady. They may also be placed in box near Lady Altar. (The Advocate, 06 December 1923)Panorama of the interior of Sacred Heart Catholic Church Kew. sacred heart, kew, catholic church -
Ballarat Heritage Services
Photograph, Clare Gervasoni, Exterior of Sacred Heart Kew, 01/03/2015
In 1872 membes of the Jesuits purchased land in Walpole Street. Three years later, on 14 Februrary 1875, Archbishop Gould laid a foundation stone for a school. By 1899 the land for the current church was purchased after mining speculator and Mt Lyell 'Copper King' James Crotty donated 3,000.00 pounds. The foundation stone was laid on 15 December 1918 by Archbishop Mannix. The cost of constructing the domed church was 15,000.00 pounds. A Fincham and Sons organ was installed in 1927, and refurbished in 1977. NEW PRESBYTERY AT KEW. Plans have been prepared by Mr. R. Harper, architect and builder, for the erection of a new presbytery for the Rev. P. Rafferty, adjoining the Sacred Heart Church, Cotham-road, Kew. The new building, which will be in brick and of two stories, will be behind the present priests' residence, which will continue to be used until the new presbytery is completed. The cost will be £6000, and the work will be begun almost immediately. The old presbytery was purchased many years ago by the late Rev. Fr. P. O'Donohue from the late Mr. Smart for £3000, and the full amount of the purchase money was donated by the late Mr. James Crotty. At different times additions were made to the building, but the small rooms made it altogether unsuitable as a residence for three priests, and made remodelling impracticable. The new presbytery will be in keeping with the Church of the Sacred Heart and the surroundings on the elevated site. At one time the old Sacred Heart Church was in Walpole-street, Kew. (The Advocate, 09 December 1937) The whole of the estate of the late Jas. Crotty has now been realised ex cepting 4000 shares in the Mount Lyell Company and a small parcel of general mining shares. All the debts and legacies, including £10,000 to St. Patrick's and £3300 to the testator's parish church at Kew, and also probate duty, have been paid. On present values the Mount Lyell shares. are worth a total of £37,000, and at the present rate of dividends the return represents an income of about £2000 per annum. Over and above this there is a sum of between £20,000 and £30,000 available for investment, and this, together with the dividends brings the income of the estate up to about £3000 per annum. A sum of £1100 per annum will be absorbed in annuities under the terms of the will. Whatever amount is realised beyond the sum necessary to pay the annuities goes to Archbishop Carr for the church and charitable purposes until the death of the last annuitant, when the resi duary estate will be divided between the Little Sisters of the Poor (North cote) and St. Joseph's Home (Surrey Hills). (Launceston Examiner, 18 July 1899) Sunday last being the anniversary of tire opening of the Sacred Heart Church, Kew, the pastor, Rev. Fr. Manly, made a special appeal at the various Masses. The beautiful design for marble altar for the Lady Chapel, which is on view in the vestibule, continues to attract attention. The Children of Mary Sodality have kindly undertaken to provide it, and the president, Miss Frances O'Sulliv!an, 43 Rideway-avenue, Kew, will be pleased to receive and acknow r ledge subscriptions from clients of Our Lady. They may also be placed in box near Lady Altar. (The Advocate, 06 December 1923)Exterior of Sacred Heart Catholic Church Kew. sacred heart, kew, catholic church -
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Photograph, 459 Whitehorse Rd. Mitcham
The house used to be the residence of Mr. Arthur Peake, owner of Peake and Cox, timber merchants, Mitcham. The house was on one side of Whitehorse Road and the mill was directly opposite. The Catholic Church built a primary school on the timber mill site and the teaching sisters lived in the house, which has now been demolished to make way for flatsColoured photograph of a house at 459 Whitehorse Rd. Mitcham, that had been built for Mr. Arthur Peake, timber merchant of Mitcham. House has 2 adobe-style archeswhitehorse road mitcham, no. 459 peake, arthur.timber merchants -
Ballarat Heritage Services
Digital photograph, Dorothy Wickham, Tower of London, 2016
The Tower of London, officially Her Majesty's Royal Palace and Fortress of the Tower of London, is a historic castle located on the north bank of the River Thames in central London. It lies within the London Borough of Tower Hamlets, separated from the eastern edge of the square mile of the City of London by the open space known as Tower Hill. It was founded towards the end of 1066 as part of the Norman Conquest of England. The White Tower, which gives the entire castle its name, was built by William the Conqueror in 1078, and was a resented symbol of oppression, inflicted upon London by the new ruling elite. The castle was used as a prison from 1100 (Ranulf Flambard) until 1952 (Kray twins),[3] although that was not its primary purpose. A grand palace early in its history, it served as a royal residence. As a whole, the Tower is a complex of several buildings set within two concentric rings of defensive walls and a moat. There were several phases of expansion, mainly under Kings Richard the Lionheart, Henry III, and Edward I in the 12th and 13th centuries. The general layout established by the late 13th century remains despite later activity on the site. The Tower of London has played a prominent role in English history. It was besieged several times, and controlling it has been important to controlling the country. The Tower has served variously as an armoury, a treasury, a menagerie, the home of the Royal Mint, a public record office, and the home of the Crown Jewels of England. From the early 14th century until the reign of Charles II, a procession would be led from the Tower to Westminster Abbey on the coronation of a monarch. In the absence of the monarch, the Constable of the Tower is in charge of the castle. This was a powerful and trusted position in the medieval period. In the late 15th century the castle was the prison of the Princes in the Tower. Under the Tudors, the Tower became used less as a royal residence, and despite attempts to refortify and repair the castle its defences lagged behind developments to deal with artillery. The peak period of the castle's use as a prison was the 16th and 17th centuries, when many figures who had fallen into disgrace, such as Elizabeth I before she became queen, Sir Walter Raleigh, and Elizabeth Throckmorton were held within its walls. This use has led to the phrase "sent to the Tower". Despite its enduring reputation as a place of torture and death, popularised by 16th-century religious propagandists and 19th-century writers, only seven people were executed within the Tower before the World Wars of the 20th century. Executions were more commonly held on the notorious Tower Hill to the north of the castle, with 112 occurring there over a 400-year period. In the latter half of the 19th century, institutions such as the Royal Mint moved out of the castle to other locations, leaving many buildings empty. Anthony Salvin and John Taylor took the opportunity to restore the Tower to what was felt to be its medieval appearance, clearing out many of the vacant post-medieval structures. In the First and Second World Wars, the Tower was again used as a prison, and witnessed the executions of 12 men for espionage. After the Second World War, damage caused during the Blitz was repaired, and the castle reopened to the public. Today the Tower of London is one of the country's most popular tourist attractions. Under the ceremonial charge of the Constable of the Tower, it is cared for by the charity Historic Royal Palaces and is protected as a World Heritage Site.(Wikipedia) A World Heritage Site is a landmark which has been officially recognized by the United Nations, specifically by UNESCO. Sites are selected on the basis of having cultural, historical, scientific or some other form of significance, and they are legally protected by international treaties. UNESCO regards these sites as being important to the collective interests of humanity. More specifically, a World Heritage Site is an already classified landmark on the earth, which by way of being unique in some respect as a geographically and historically identifiable piece is of special cultural or physical significance (such as either due to hosting an ancient ruins or some historical structure, building, city, complex, desert, forest, island, lake, monument, or mountain) and symbolizes a remarkable footprint of extreme human endeavour often coupled with some act of indisputable accomplishment of humanity which then serves as a surviving evidence of its intellectual existence on the planet. And with an ignoble intent of its practical conservation for posterity, but which otherwise could be subject to inherent risk of endangerment from human or animal trespassing, owing to unmonitored/uncontrolled/unrestricted nature of access or threat by natural or accelerated extinction owing to local administrative negligence, hence it would have been listed and demarcated by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) to have been identified or recognised and officially christened and internationally elevated through multilateral declaration by UNESCO as a universally protected zone. [1] The list is maintained by the international World Heritage Programme administered by the UNESCO World Heritage Committee, composed of 21 UNESCO member states which are elected by the General Assembly. (Wikipedia)The Tower of London is a UNESCO world heritage site.tower of london -
Ballarat Heritage Services
Photograph - Photograph - Colour, Dorothy Wickham, Ballarat Female Refuge, 2000
Ballarat Female Refuge was established in 1867 by a group of 26 Ballarat ladies. It was moved to the present site in Scott's Parade in 1884. It is now a private residence.Postcard size colour photgraphs showing the interior and exterior of the Ballarat Female Refuge. ballarat femail refuge, welfare, town and city mission, alexandra babies home, baby, orphanage, sarah ellis