‘The Art of the Japanese Package’ was an exhibition that toured to 10 Australian and 11 New Zealand public galleries in 1979 and 1980. The touring exhibition comprised 221 objects of traditional Japanese packaging which extended from ceramics, wood and paper to woven fibre containers. At the conclusion of the tour, The Japan Foundation and the Crafts Board of the Australia Council donated the vast majority of the exhibition to the Ararat Gallery for its permanent collection. Combining the natural qualities of bamboo, paper and straw with delicate craftsmanship, these unique objects express Japanese aesthetics as applied through fibre crafts. In Japan, the qualities and traits of natural materials are exploited rather than hidden. The texture of straw, the septa of bamboo are not concealed but lovingly incorporated into the whole. In 1979 Hideyuki Oka, curator of ‘The Art of the Japanese Package’ wrote: “In no way self-conscious or assertive, these wrappings have an artless and obedient air that greatly moves the modern viewer. They are whispered evidence of the Japanese ability to create beauty from the simplest products of nature. They also teach us that wisdom and feeling are especially important in packaging because these qualities, or the lack of them, are almost immediately apparent. What is the use of a package if it shows no feeling?” The descriptions of the featured objects were written by Hideyuki Oka, curator of ‘The Art of the Japanese Package’, 1979.Gift of the Japan-Australia Foundation and the Crafts Board of the Australia Council, 1981This toy is a product of Tottori City, and its only connection with traditional packaging is that it copies the mats used to close the straw bales in which rice is packed for the market. It is interesting, nevertheless, for its clever use of such a cheap and common material, and there is no denying its charm. The two dolls, made of paper and wood, represent the emperor and empress who occupy the chief places in the traditional Doll Festival display. - Professor Hideyuki Oka, curator.japanese art, japanese packaging, tsutsumi, gift giving

In 1873 James Griffiths migrated to Melbourne in order to start a tea Business. James lived in the Dandenongs at The Basin where he experimented with growing tea. Griffiths made tin canisters in the 2lbs size for their tea with common kitchen consumables listed on the front . The tins, when emptied, became useful kitchen canisters and helped promote the brand. Example of the names include Flour, Rice, Sugar, Sago, Candied Peel, Tapioca, Spices, Starch, Biscuits, Currants, Barley, String and of course Tea .Food storage rectangular tin, with a hinged lid. The outside is printed in cream and red with the name 'Griffith's Teas' and the word 'SAGO'. The text is set against a cream panel which is bordered with a decorative border of Australian native flora. The whole is set against a dark green background.On each other side of the tin is a different native Australian flower. The lid is impressed with a flannel flower.Printed on the front 'SAGO', also printed on the front and repeated on the top 'USE / GRIFFITHS' Teas / SYDNEY / MELBOURNE. ADELAIDE. BRISBANE'. On the front is the image of a train signal with the words 'SIGNAL / TRADE MARK'tea, james griffiths, canisters, city of moorabbin, cheltenham, melbourne, moorabbin, grocery stores, kitchen equipment

Robin Boyd developed a close friendship with the founder of the Bauhaus in Weimar Germany, Walter Gropius, who had moved to the USA in the 1930s. Through this connection, Boyd was invited to be the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Bemis Professor at the School in the North American academic year 1956-7. During this time, the Boyds purchased this set of melamine kitchen canisters. They were used for flour, sugar, rice and biscuits etc. Both Robin and Patricia liked melamine, and also had melamine serving dishes. Seven melamine containers with coloured exteriors (ranging from white through yellowy-green, orange and black) with black interiors and teak lids. Height ranges from 100-200mm, width ranges from 110-170mm, Base measures 100-155mmcookware, walsh st kitchenware, robin boyd

Conditions of sale by private contract dated 20th May, 1943 between A.E. Cowling (seller) and H. Rice (buyer) for land situate Wood Street, Long Gully having a frontage of 150 links to Wood Street by a depth of 200 links and being the land described in right to occupy residence area title No. 4719 due 23/08/1943, together with 5-roomed weatherboard dwelling and all sundry. Price 225 pounds.organization, business, h.a. & s.r wilkinson real estate

‘The Art of the Japanese Package’ was an exhibition that toured to 10 Australian and 11 New Zealand public galleries in 1979 and 1980. The touring exhibition comprised 221 objects of traditional Japanese packaging which extended from ceramics, wood and paper to woven fibre containers. At the conclusion of the tour, The Japan Foundation and the Crafts Board of the Australia Council donated the vast majority of the exhibition to the Ararat Gallery for its permanent collection. Combining the natural qualities of bamboo, paper and straw with delicate craftsmanship, these unique objects express Japanese aesthetics as applied through fibre crafts. In Japan, the qualities and traits of natural materials are exploited rather than hidden. The texture of straw, the septa of bamboo are not concealed but lovingly incorporated into the whole. In 1979 Hideyuki Oka, curator of ‘The Art of the Japanese Package’ wrote: “In no way self-conscious or assertive, these wrappings have an artless and obedient air that greatly moves the modern viewer. They are whispered evidence of the Japanese ability to create beauty from the simplest products of nature. They also teach us that wisdom and feeling are especially important in packaging because these qualities, or the lack of them, are almost immediately apparent. What is the use of a package if it shows no feeling?” The descriptions of the featured objects were written by Hideyuki Oka, curator of ‘The Art of the Japanese Package’, 1979.Gift of the Japan-Australia Foundation and the Crafts Board of the Australia Council, 1981Ordinary rice straw is used imaginatively here to create a most functional and beautiful container. Since a set of items in Japan is five rather than half a dozen (five teacups, five cake plates, and the like), this carrier contains just five eggs. Devised by farmers in Yamagata Prefecture in northern Japan, it is an example of packaging born of rural necessity. Interestingly enough, it seems to emphasize the freshness of the eggs. - Professor Hideyuki Oka, curator.japanese art, japanese packaging, tsutsumi, gift giving

Conditions of sale by private contract dated 9th February, 1934 between Mrs. G. Gotje (seller) and M.P. Rice (buyer) for land situate corner McIvor road and Charleston Street being the land described in certificate of title volume 719 folio 143710, Crown grant volume 1483 folio 296595 and Crown grant volume 4148 folio 829492, together with 6-roomed stone and brick dwelling and all sundry. Price 725 poundsorganization, business, h.a. & s.r wilkinson real estate

Walkabout magazine special annual issue December 1966. Price 50 cents. On the cover a view of the Olgas and at bottom presenting: "this Australia" big colour section. The magazine has 84 pages. Contents: Mail bag - Publisher's column - 1966 and all that - The small world of Jamesy rice - modern miners dig foundations of new Australia - Christmas Day - This Australia - Holiday, Australian style - Pages turned by children - Charlie delta tango - On the move - book reviews.book, magazine, travel

‘The Art of the Japanese Package’ was an exhibition that toured to 10 Australian and 11 New Zealand public galleries in 1979 and 1980. The touring exhibition comprised 221 objects of traditional Japanese packaging which extended from ceramics, wood and paper to woven fibre containers. At the conclusion of the tour, The Japan Foundation and the Crafts Board of the Australia Council donated the vast majority of the exhibition to the Ararat Gallery for its permanent collection. Combining the natural qualities of bamboo, paper and straw with delicate craftsmanship, these unique objects express Japanese aesthetics as applied through fibre crafts. In Japan, the qualities and traits of natural materials are exploited rather than hidden. The texture of straw, the septa of bamboo are not concealed but lovingly incorporated into the whole. In 1979 Hideyuki Oka, curator of ‘The Art of the Japanese Package’ wrote: “In no way self-conscious or assertive, these wrappings have an artless and obedient air that greatly moves the modern viewer. They are whispered evidence of the Japanese ability to create beauty from the simplest products of nature. They also teach us that wisdom and feeling are especially important in packaging because these qualities, or the lack of them, are almost immediately apparent. What is the use of a package if it shows no feeling?” The descriptions of the featured objects were written by Hideyuki Oka, curator of ‘The Art of the Japanese Package’, 1979.Gift of the Japan-Australia Foundation and the Crafts Board of the Australia Council, 1981Although bamboo sheath is frequently used as material for boxes and other containers, it is rare to find a box made of bamboo leaves. This engaging creation from Takada City in Niigata Prefecture is made of sasa (dwarf bamboo) leaves bound over a framework of split bamboo. The natural-fibre twine enhances the delightfully rustic appearance, and the triangular label is a distinctive touch. The contents are filled rice pastries called Okesa Monaka. - Professor Hideyuki Oka, curator.japanese art, japanese packaging, tsutsumi, gift giving

The first two photographs are of the Marlo Picture Theatre which used to be next to the general store.It was a cream coloured timber building with steps leading to a door. There are large poster type paintings on the outside walls. In about 1930, the Ozone Picture Theatre was constructed, serving as a hall and venue for entertainment. In 1925 Walter Rice built a general store in Marlo and in 1930 built the "Ozone Picture Theatre". The third photograph is of the Snowy River Store, a Budget Rite Store. Jack Unmade and his son, Brad ran the store in the 1990s and had a caravan behind the store.This is a pictorial record of a community building no longer standing.Three panoramic format coloured photographs.

SATTELBERG AREA, NEW GUINEA. 1943-11-15. A PATROL OF THE 2/24TH. AUSTRALIAN INFANTRY BATTALION LEAVING THE BATTALION LINES. SHOWN ARE: VX14320. PRIVATE A. W. M. CORCORAN. (1) VX75910 PRIVATE N. W. JONES. (2) VX33860 LIEUTENANT J. H. CAPLE. (3) VX75647 PRIVATE P. L. MATHIESON. (4) VX31579 CORPORAL R. W. WEBB. (5) VX75207 PRIVATE D. N. MUIR. (6) NX73554 PRIVATE H. T. ROCHE. (7) VX76785 PRIVATE R. W. RICE. (8)The 2/24th Battalion was an infantry battalion of the Australian Army, which served during World War II .A unit of all-volunteers, it was formed in July 1940 from primarily Victorian volunteers and was known as "Wangaratta's Own" because of the time the battalion spent in the town during its formative period prior to deployment overseas. It served in North Africa in 1941–1942 as part of the 26th Brigade, which was assigned to the 7th Division, before being reassigned to the 9th Division. In early 1943, the battalion returned to Australia and later took part in campaigns against the Japanese in New Guinea in 1943–1944 and Borneo in 1945, before being disbanded in 1946. The 2/24th suffered the highest number of casualties of any 2nd AIF infantry battalion. The Unit was granted the Freedom of the City by the Rural City of Wangaratta in 1990 and one of the first, if not the first, to receive this type of honourReproduced black and white photograph of armed soldier on patrol in jungle terrain2/24th battalion, new guinea, ww2

Various photos of Japanese scenes in relation to 1946-52 Occupation Forces. Items in the collection of RICHARD WILLIAM McGILVERY, RAAF. Refer Cat No. 7287P for Service details, photos and awards.Small black and white photos of Japan. 1. People standing around in a field. 2. People standing around inspecting a rice paddy field. 3. Photo of a parade ground with a band marching with some soldiers watching. 4. Picture of a parked bus with roof crushed in, in an urban setting, 5. Portrait photo of machine wreckage (possible a plane) with people in background. 6. Photo of a horse race with people watching. 7. Photo of a horse race with buildings in background.japan occupational forces, photos, richard william mcgilvery

Coloured photograph of the Golden Square Primary School Athletic Representatives 1999. Their names are: Back Row: Katie Owen, Jedd Fettling, Jessica Gloster, Emily Boutard, Dearne Rice, Tayla Flint. Middle Row: Anna Oakes, Brittany Hercus, Chris Kline, Kimberley Rosos, Ryan Trickey, Joseph Scoble, Jeff Lewis, Ashlee Ludbrook. Front Row: Michael Lewis, Alex Fettling, Lisa Rosos, Melanie Donaldson, Adam Monti, Paora Anderson.education, primary, golden square laurel st p.s., golden square laurel street p.s. collection - photograph - golden square primary school athletic representatives 1999, katie owen, jedd fettling, jessica gloster, emily boutard, dearne rice, tayla flint, anna oakes, brittany hercus, chris kline, kimberley rosos, ryan trickey, joseph scoble, jeff lewis, ashlee ludbrook, michael lewis, alex fettling, lisa rosos, melanie donaldson, adam monti, paora anderson

‘The Art of the Japanese Package’ was an exhibition that toured to 10 Australian and 11 New Zealand public galleries in 1979 and 1980. The touring exhibition comprised 221 objects of traditional Japanese packaging which extended from ceramics, wood and paper to woven fibre containers. At the conclusion of the tour, The Japan Foundation and the Crafts Board of the Australia Council donated the vast majority of the exhibition to the Ararat Gallery for its permanent collection. Combining the natural qualities of bamboo, paper and straw with delicate craftsmanship, these unique objects express Japanese aesthetics as applied through fibre crafts. In Japan, the qualities and traits of natural materials are exploited rather than hidden. The texture of straw, the septa of bamboo are not concealed but lovingly incorporated into the whole. In 1979 Hideyuki Oka, curator of ‘The Art of the Japanese Package’ wrote: “In no way self-conscious or assertive, these wrappings have an artless and obedient air that greatly moves the modern viewer. They are whispered evidence of the Japanese ability to create beauty from the simplest products of nature. They also teach us that wisdom and feeling are especially important in packaging because these qualities, or the lack of them, are almost immediately apparent. What is the use of a package if it shows no feeling?” The descriptions of the featured objects were written by Hideyuki Oka, curator of ‘The Art of the Japanese Package’, 1979. Gift of the Japan-Australia Foundation and the Crafts Board of the Australia Council, 1981An elegant wooden box, fashioned in the style of boxes used for gifts to the emperor some eight or nine centuries ago, is filled with a Kyoto confection called Gion Chigo Mochi. The Gion is one of Kyoto's entertainment districts, chigo are children dressed in ceremonial Buddhist costume for one of the city's numerous festivals, and mochi are cakes of steamed and pounded rice. The name of the confection derives from the style of the bamboo-sheath wrapping, which suggests the figure of a chigo. - Professor Hideyuki Oka, curator.japanese art, japanese packaging, tsutsumi, gift giving

Photos of an event at Legacy House for the Legatees approximately 1992 or 1993.There are flags including the Union Jack, Australian flag, the Navy flag and possibly a French flag. There is a display of military hats as well. Likely to be a 'Dugout Night' where Legatees have a comradeship event around the time of Anzac Day in April. As well as flags there are signs such as 'Tiger Balm, Arrack, Jack Juice, Rice Wine, Suez Canal Water'. Identifiable legatees include John Stevenson (President in 1992), Fred Holdsworth (in airforce cap), Don Simonson (President in 1991) and Charles Munnerley who was chairman of the widows committee for many year to 1993. Also a legatee playing piano. A record of the comradeship of the Legatees.Colour photo x 8 of a legatee event with flags and military hats.legatee event, comradeship, dugout

Bendigo Advertiser '' The way we were'' from 2002. A winning team: the Bendigo Junior Technical School Football Team, Technical School Premiers in 1937. Back row: H. Tibbet, F. Sullivan, W. Henneberry, W. Swift, W. McColl, L. Penna and E. Evans. Middle row: B. Winzar, D. Hayes, F. Longhurst (coach), F. Charlton and D. Lawry. Front row: A. Rice, F. Bolitho, M. Phillips, E. Daley (captain), R. Wallace, H Bracher and A. Stewart. The clip is in a folder.newspaper, bendigo advertiser, the way we were

Rolling papers are small sheets, rolls, or leaves of paper which are sold for rolling cigarettes either by hand or with a rolling machine. When rolling a cigarette, one fills the rolling paper with tobacco. Rolling papers are most commonly made with wood pulp, hemp, flax, or rice straw as a base material. 1860 Samuel Ramsden, a Yorkshire man, founded first paper mill in Victoria on the banks of the Yarra River, Fairfield, Melbourne. This was the Australian Paper and Pulp Company which for most of its history was called The Australian Paper Manufacturers Ltd. until it changed its name in 1986 to Amcor. In 1919 the company opened its mill on the corner of Upper Heidelberg Road and The Chandler Highway in Fairfield and remains there today. A packet of pre-cut cigarette papers 'Eagle ' brandEAGLE / CIGARETTE / PAPERS / MADE IN AUSTRALIA back 60 PAPERSciagarette papers, cigarettes, tobacco, melbourne, moorabin, paper mills, eagle cigarette papers ltd, australian paper manufacturers ltd, fairfield victoria,

Bound book of 100 Certifications - "Hawthorn Tramways Trust - Certificate of Competency as Motorman". Consists of 100 pages of certificates, numbered 1 to 100, with butt of each certificate retained in the book. Bound with heavy card covers, red coloured on the outside of the covers, stapled with black binding material. Each Certificate numbered, in top left hand corner, giving date, employee name, date of birth and signed or initialled by the Engineer and Manager. In the top left hand corner of the book is printers logos - The Prahran Telegraph Printing Co, King St, opposite Town Hall, telephone 108W. Most certificates issue 29.12.1919. Certificates 1 to 58 issued by HTT 59 and 60 issue with HTT crossed out and MMTB written in. 61 to 75 and 92 to 99 removed from book and No. 100 removed altogether. No. 74 is loose. See related documents for a list of the names.See separate List - located in box 01-03-05trams, tramways, hawthorn tramways trust, htt, motormen, certificates

Rolling papers are small sheets, rolls, or leaves of paper which are sold for rolling cigarettes either by hand or with a rolling machine. When rolling a cigarette, one fills the rolling paper with tobacco. Rolling papers are most commonly made with wood pulp, hemp, flax, or rice straw as a base material. Zig-Zag papers, made in France, were the first interleaved brand (hence the name). Gold medal at 1900 Universal Exposition in Paris. 1860 Samuel Ramsden, a Yorkshire man, founded first paper mill in Victoria on the banks of the Yarra River, Fairfield, Melbourne. This was the Australian Paper and Pulp Company which for most of its history was called The Australian Paper Manufacturers Ltd. until it changed its name in 1986 to Amcor. In 1919 the company opened its mill on the corner of Upper Heidelberg Road and The Chandler Highway in Fairfield and remains there today. 2 packets of precut cigarette papers 'Zig Zag ' Paper Aust. Pty. Ltd. 60 leavesZIG ZAG PAPER AUST. PTY LTD 60 LEAVESciggarettes, cigarette papers, tobacco, moorabbin, cheltenham, early settlers, australian paper manufacturers, fairfield melbourne, zig zag cigarette papers ltd. amcor ltd,

Coloured Photograph of the Golden Square Primary School Year 5-6/R 1999 class and their teacher. Children are wearing school uniform. Their names are: Back Row, L to R: Joseph Scoble, Nikki Steele, Jedd Fettling, Seb Robins, Jessica Gloster, Justin Broadbent, Joel Clark, Ryan Trickey, Shane Rodda (Teacher). Middle Row, L to R: Tim Sproule, Hayden Salter, Tara Lock, Dearne Rice, Zoe Mcpherson, Sam Woodman, Belinda Caldwell, Skye Pascoe. Front Row, L to R: Josh Boyd, Katie Owen, Meredith O'Neill, Chris Kline, Lachlan Carter, Brittany Hercus, Anna Oakes, Lorne Dunlop, Katrina Stewart.education, primary, golden square laurel st p.s., golden square laurel street p.s. collection - photograph - golden square primary school year 5-6/r 1999, joseph scoble, nikki steele, jedd fettling, seb robins, jessica gloster, justin broadbent, joel clark, ryan trickey, shane rodda (teacher), tim sproule, hayden salter, tara lock, dearne rice, zoe mcpherson, sam woodman, belinda caldwell, skye pascoe, josh boyd, katie owen, meredith o'neill, chris kline, lachlan carter, brittany hercus, anna oakes, lorne dunlop, katrina stewart

In the photograph are the Rice family, Billy Nixon' family and Charlie Johnston. William Nixon, son of James Nixon and Alice (Roberts) Nixon was married to Ilma Muriel (Cadwallader) Nixon on 2 Apr 1902 in Orbost. They had six children - Llewella Adele (Nixon) King, Sydney William Columbo Nixon, Arthur Harry Nixon, Jack Warton Nixon, Claudine Frances (Nixon) Taylor and Daphne Joyce (Nixon) Menz Damage estimated at £500,000 was caused by the 1934 floods in the Orbost district. This 1934 flood was devastating, destroying a section of the 1922 Orbost bridge, wrecking fences, bridges and roads, dumping silt and debris on the rich river flats and drowning cattle. Note: although this card has the date 1934 written onto the rear, the flood incident depicted most likely dates from 1920 (ref. Weekly Times, Saturday 6 March 1920 p 41 when this photo was printed).This item is a pictorial record of a flood in 1920 (ref. Weekly Times, Saturday 6 March 1920 p41). Snowy River flood are a feature of the Orbost area. These floods cover the rich agricultural land. A black / white photograph / postcard of a group of people standing in floodwaters outside a timber building. Included are young children and babies being held by women. Two boys are holding dogs in front of them.on back - "Billy Nixon's house (now Downys 1991)"orbost - floods - nixon - 1920

An original coloured painting showing a truck rolled over with its load rations on the ground. One soldier is holding a box and another soldier is drinking from a vessel.2 Transport Platoon RAASC South Vietnam. Rations on their way to Aussie troops in Nui Dat. One truck in the convoy swerved to avoid an American semi carrying ammunitions. The wheels found the soft muddy edge of the rice paddy, and ... into the mud!. My son Trooper barry "Jock" Tiernan is pictured as one of the men rescuing the load from the mud. the other soldier is Ray Heathcote, driver of the truck.painting, vietnam lest we forget, barry "jock" tiernan, ray heathcote

Dong Ho is on the Duong River in Bắc Ninh Province, Vietnam. The woodcut painting (Tranh khắc gỗ dân gian Dong Ho is a line of Vietnamese folk painting originating in Dong Ho village. The traditional themes of Dong Ho painting are good luck signs, historical figures, folk allegories, popular stories, and social commentaries. Elements of everyday life are well integrated in Dong Ho paintings to express the thoughts and wishes of people. (Wikipedia - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%C3%B4ng_H%E1%BB%93_painting, accessed 11 April 2017.) Craftsmen in Dong Ho use a special type of paper named giấy điệp. The bark of dó tree, which normally is grown in Tuyên Quang Province, is soaked in water for months, then mixed with powders of seashells (sò điệp), which is the origin of the paper's name, and glutinous rice to make sheets of paper. The s seashell and glutinous rice results in paper with an exotic sparkling hard background which is able to conserve the durability of colours. The colours are refined from natural materials which are easily found in Vietnam. For instance, the red colour is taken from red gravel in Thiên Thai Mountain, while the black comes from charcoal of burned bamboo leaves. The hand carved woodblock is applied with paint and pressed on a sheet of paper like a stamp. The process is repeated with different colours until the craftsman is satisfied with the outcome. One woodcut is for outline and several others are for each colour printed. The finished picture is covered with a layer of rice paste (hồ nếp) to strengthen the durability of its illustration and colours and afterwards dried under the sun. From beginning to end the process takes six to seven months. (Wikipedia - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%C3%B4ng_H%E1%BB%93_painting, accessed 11 April 2017.) The tradition of Đông Hồ painting dates back to the 11th century during the reign of the Lý Dynasty. Originally, Đông Hồ paintings were made with black-and-white prints of woodcuts, but from the 15th century, different colours were introduced by craftsmen in the village. As a village specialized in making woodcuts and paintings, almost all Đông Hồ villagers were involved in the manufacturing of paintings from carving the woodblocks, producing điệp papers, obtaining natural colours to creating new themes, and printing.(Wikipedia - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%C3%B4ng_H%E1%BB%93_painting, accessed 11 April 2017.) Before 1945 over 150 families in Đông Hồ village were making pictures, but the tradition has rapidly faded. Villagers can no longer make a living based on this production so only a few households in the village still make pictures, while many others have switched to producing joss paper and votive paper object.(Wikipedia - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%C3%B4ng_H%E1%BB%93_painting, accessed 11 April 2017.)Asian ArtA framed collection of work by children from Dong Ho Village, Vietnam.dong ho, vietnam, woodcut, printmaking, dong ho art, dong ho painting, dong ho village, vietnam.

Pap boats date from approximately 1710 and were in extensive use until the end of the nineteenth century. They were used to feed pap to infants or invalids. Pap was a mixture of breadcrumbs, flour, rice or barley mixed with fluids such as broth, milk (if the infant was lucky), water, wine and even beer, to aid the digestion of pap it was often pre-chewed by the nurse or nanny. Pap was a popular form of infant nutrition for almost 300 years and used in many well to do homes. For unwanted or illegitimate infants in foundling homes it was often the only form of sustenance, however, and as a result the mortality rate was appallingly high. Despite a growing number of experts advising against the use of pap, it nevertheless persisted as a major source of infant nutrition in many nurseries until the late 1800’s, largely due to the ignorance of nannies and nurses who took great delight in disregarding the advice of physicians, who they believed were usurping their position in the household. ‘Nanny knows best’.(Amgueddfa Cymru - National Museum Wales, 'Pap Boat')Mary Howlett (1840-1922) began practising as a country midwife in 1866 in the western district of Victoria. She qualified as a 'ladies monthly nurse' in 1887 and continued to practise as a nurse and midwife until 1920. She began her six months training at the Melbourne Lying-In Hospital. She was known by many as 'Auntie', and her career spanned more than 50 years. Mrs Howlett's midwifery box and contents were given to Dr Frank Forster, and he donated them to the museum collection in 1993. Small round white china container with an extended slim lip. Fluid capacity approximately 30-90ml. The boat has been made from two moulded sections. infant care, infant feeding, midwifery

Coloured photograph of the Golden Square Primary School No. 1189 Grade 4/5 F 1995. Children are standing in front of and on a piece of timber playground equipment. Their names are:- Back Row:- Cale Bryan, Mark Peters, Teagan Holt, Sara Anderton, Steven Cumming, Adam Walsh, Matthew Seeley, Mark Noulton. Middle Row:- Danielle Kline, Joshua Turner, Matthew Bateson, Andrew Rice, Shane Barker, Joseph Doolan, Laurne Mitchell, Faye Allchin, Mr. Andrew Flanagan (Teacher), Bowen Diss. Front Row:- Kylie Martin, Ellen Sproule, Jacklyn Owen, Susan Markis, Megan Burchell, Katie Scoble, Gemma Ruschmeyer. Absent:- Brett Smith, Matthew Peacock. On the right of the names is an oval sketch of the school.education, primary, golden square laurel st p.s., golden square laurel street p.s. collection - golden square primary school no. 1189 - grade 4/5 f 1995, cale bryan, mark peters, teagan holt, sara anderton, steven cumming, adam walsh, matthew seeley, mark noulton, danielle kline, joshua turner, matthew bateson, andrew rice, shane barker, joseph doolan, lauren mitchell, faye allchin, ar andrew flanagan (teacher), bowen diss, kylie martin, ellen sproule, jacklyn owen, susan markis, megan burchell, katie scoble, gemma ruschmeyer, brett smith, matthew peacock

Coloured photograph of the Golden Square Primary School No. 1189 Grade 5/6 H 1996 classes and their Teacher Mrs. Merrill Harvey. The names of the children are:- Back Row, L to R: Craig Lockwood, Cassie de Colling, Shaynie Hercus, Sammi Wallis, Katie Scoble, Jacklyn Owen, Danielle Kline, Gemma Ruschmeyer. Middle Row, L to R:- Andrew Rice, Matthew Bateson, Brett Smith, Shane Barker, Nerida Hyett, Sara Anderton, Faye Allchin, Susan Markis, Kylie Martin, Mrs. Merrill harvey (Teacher). Front Row, L to R:-Matthew Goodwin, Cale Bryan, Steven Cumming, Mark Noulton. Absent:- Rosie Sutton, Matthew Peacock, Kelvin Tognolini. On the right of the names is an oval sketch of the school.education, primary, golden square laurel st p.s., golden square laurel street p.s. collection - golden square primary school no. 1189 grade 5/6 h 1996, craig lockwood, cassie de colling, shaynie hercus, sammi wallis, katie scoble, jacklyn owen, danielle kline, gemma ruschmeyer, andrew rice, matthew bateson, brett smith, shane barker, nerida hyett, sara anderton, faye allchin, susan markis, kylie martin, mrs merril harvey (teacher), matthew goodwin, cale bryan, steven cumming, mark noulton, rosie sutton, matthew peacock, kelvin tognolini

Coloured photograph of the Golden Square Primary School, Year 5-6/H 1998 class and their teacher. Children are wearing school uniform. Their names are: Back Row, L to R: Leigh Barker, Bethany Thomson, Jessica Gloster, Amy Morrison, Luke Anderson, Seb Robins, Nicole Roberts, Kim Freeman, Justin Broadbent. Middle Row, L to R: Emma Singe, Jessica Middleton, Stevie Blake, Kristy Allen, Emily Boutard, Jedd Fettling, Dearne Rice, Rod Weeks, Khylie Anderson, Megan Bourke, Jill Honey (Teacher). Front Row, L to R: Lachlan Carter, Jeffrey Lewis, Mathew Holmes, Rebecca Stemmer, Kara Braddy, Chris Ohlson, Michelle Noulton, Nathan Hunt, Joshua Clough. Oval sketch of the school on the right of the names.education, primary, golden square laurel st p.s., golden square laurel street p.s. collection - photograph - golden square primary school year 5-6/h 1998, leigh barker, bethany thomson, jessica gloster, amy morrison, luke anderson, seb robins, nicole roberts, kim freeman, justin broadbent, emma singe, jessica middleton, stevie blake, kristy allen, emily boutard, jedd fettling, dearne rice, rod weeks, khylie anderson, megan bourke, jill honey (teacher), lachlan carter, jeffrey lewis, mathew holmes, rebecca stemmer, kara braddy, chris ohlson, michelle noulton, nathan hunt, joshua clough

Coloured photograph of the Golden Square Primary School 1997 Year 4/5 G class and their teacher. Most of the children are wearing school uniform. Their names are: Back Row: Chris Ohlson, Anna Oakes, Emma Hazelton, Chris Kline, Joanne Preece, Mr Tony Gundry (Teacher), Joshua Larsen, Justin Broadbent, Emma Singe, Ryan Trickey, Kristy Allen, Skye Pascoe, Aaron Scott. Middle Row: Brendan Bourke, Jessica Gloster, Seb Robins, Jedd Fettling, Dearne Rice, Megan Bourke, Nicole Roberts, Jessica Middleton. Fron Row: Nathan Hunt, Lachlan Carter, Ebonee Bryan, Jeffrey Lewis, Danielle Blake, Rebecca Stemmer, Trent Burchell. Oval sketch of the school on the right of the names.education, primary, golden square laurel st p.s., golden square laurel street p.s. collection - photograph - golden square primary school 1997 year 4/5 g, chris ohlson, anna oakes, emma hazelton, chris kline, joanne preece, mr tony gundry (teacher), joshua larsen, justin broadbent, emma singe, ryan trickey, kristy allen, skye pascoe, aaron scott, brendan bourke, jessica gloster, seb robins, jedd fettling, dearne rice, megan bourke, nicole roberts, jessica middleton, nathan hunt, lachlan carter, ebonee bryan, jeffrey lewis, danielle blake, rebecca stemmer, trent burchell