This print was an 1885 Christmas gift from the publishers of the Australian Town and Country Journal to their subscribers. At that time Queen Victoria was 65 years old although she may not have been that age when the portrait was painted. The print shows Queen Victoria’s signature in the bottom right corner. It cost sixpence per copy and operated from 1870-1919. The Australian Town and Country Journal was printed weekly, on Saturdays, in Sydney. The edition on December 26, 1885, contained 51 pages. The Journal claimed “Circulation Ten Thousand Copies, Greater than any other Weekly in Australia.” The frame of the print has a solid back of thick timber panels and is crudely made. The edges of the frame appear to have an underlying plaster base that has been covered with a layer of wood. The corners are reinforced with metal protectors. The subject of the print is Queen Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom of Britain and Ireland. She was born as Princess Alexandrina Victoria of Kent on May 24, 1819. She became Queen on June 24, 1837 when King William IV died. She married Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha on February 10, 1840. Queen Victoria lived and reigned until her death on January 22, 1901, at age 82 years, after reigning for sixty-three years and seven months. This portrait is significant historically for its origin as an inclusion the Australian Town and Country Journal, a late 19th century Australian weekly newspaper, in circulation for almost fifty years. The portrait gifted to the newspaper’s subscribers is historically significant as an example of the connection between the people in the British Colony of Australia, with the value and respect held for the Queen of the Colony. The frame of the portrait, of solid and protective construction, shows the value that the owners placed on this portrait.Print behind glass in a brown wooden frame; coloured print of a portrait of Queen Victoria, made in watercolours. The Queen is wearing a blue sash, crown, and white ribbon pinned to the sash along with a cameo brooch and Royal Emblem. The portrait has an oval floral border of roses in pastel colours. Text is printed outside the border, as a title above and a signature below, in the lower right corner. The back of the frame is made of heavy timber panels with holes for attaching wire. The timber frame is over a white layer of soft substance, perhaps plaster. "Presented to the Subscribers of the Australian Town and Country Journal, December 25th 1885" “Victoria R”flagstaff hill, warrnambool, flagstaff hill maritime village, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, great ocean road, queen victoria, princess alexandrina victoria of kent, portrait of queen victoria, australian town and country journal, presented to subscribers, 1885

L to R:- Back Row (standing): Mr Jobling, - , Ben Rutley, Keith Moar, John Squires, Barry (Andy) Matthews, Robert Eisma, Ian Newlands, Stafford Dawson, Peter McCann, Peter Brown, Mr Phillips; Front Row (standing): Yvonne Box, - , - , Pat Davison, Carleen Golgeth, - , -, - , Dorothy Uren, Marjory Bredle; Second Row (kneeling): Michael Sinclair, Johnny Morris, Arthur Roberts, Max Goldsworthy, - , Teddie Mynott; Front Row (seated): - , Margie? Reed, Margaret Butterway, Nina Macbeth, - , Maureen Davis. Students in grade either not present or unidentified include Faye Helmers, David Knight, Robin Hayes, Bruce Treganan. Digital copy scanned by EDHS from an original held by Keith Moar, of Yarra Glen, Vic, 17 Jul 2017. List of names provided by Keith Moar. Keith and brother Barry Moar moved to Eltham in March 1944 where they attended the State School (elder brother Keith from 1949) in Dalton Street. They lived at 11 York Street in a house rented from Ernie Andrew at a cost of £2/week. Other facts noted by Keith Moar: It snowed in Eltham in 1952 or 1953 Andy Matthews was on HMAS Voyager when it was sunk by HMAS Melbourne. Carleen Golgeth's mother used to drive her to school in a c.1928 Rolls Royce taxi (phaeton?)Digital copy of black and white photograph1953, arthur roberts, barry (andy) matthews, ben rutley, carleen golgeth, dorothy uren, eltham state school, grade v, ian newlands, john squires, johnny morris, keith moar, margaret butterway, margie reed, marjory bredle, maureen davis, max goldsworthy, michael sinclair, mr jobling, mr phillips, nina macbeth, pat davison, peter brown, peter mccann, robert eisma, state school no. 209, teddie mynott, yvonne box

[from EDHS Newsletter No. 86, September 1992:] SPRING EXCURSION MARYBOROUGH: As a Spring excursion our bus trip on 27th September is well timed - Maryborough is conducting its Wattle Festival on that weekend. We are to be guests of the Midlands Historical Society who will provide a guide for our tour of the town. This is a somewhat longer trip than we usually undertake so we have an earlier start at 8.00 am and the cost is a little more than usual at $20.00. The entry to the Midlands Society's Worsley Cottage is included. At the end of the town tour we will visit the C.W.A.'s Fair which is part of the Wattle Festival. Afternoon tea will be available there for a small charge. Bring your lunch and something for morning tea if you wish. We will be travelling to Maryborough via Creswick and Clunes and returning via Castlemaine. We will return about 6.00 pm and transport home can be arranged if required. Maryborough has a rich history with the gold era being particularly significant. Local historian Betty Osborne has produced the book "Maryborough - a Social History 1854-1905". You might like to try and obtain it from the library for advance reading or it will be available for purchase on the day at $25.00. To book for this tour please complete the attached from and return with your payment to the September meeting or send it to our post office box. Friends are most welcome as usual.Two colour photographsactivities, maryborough

[from EDHS Newsletter No. 86, September 1992:] SPRING EXCURSION MARYBOROUGH: As a Spring excursion our bus trip on 27th September is well timed - Maryborough is conducting its Wattle Festival on that weekend. We are to be guests of the Midlands Historical Society who will provide a guide for our tour of the town. This is a somewhat longer trip than we usually undertake so we have an earlier start at 8.00 am and the cost is a little more than usual at $20.00. The entry to the Midlands Society's Worsley Cottage is included. At the end of the town tour we will visit the C.W.A.'s Fair which is part of the Wattle Festival. Afternoon tea will be available there for a small charge. Bring your lunch and something for morning tea if you wish. We will be travelling to Maryborough via Creswick and Clunes and returning via Castlemaine. We will return about 6.00 pm and transport home can be arranged if required. Maryborough has a rich history with the gold era being particularly significant. Local historian Betty Osborne has produced the book "Maryborough - a Social History 1854-1905". You might like to try and obtain it from the library for advance reading or it will be available for purchase on the day at $25.00. To book for this tour please complete the attached from and return with your payment to the September meeting or send it to our post office box. Friends are most welcome as usual.Colour photographactivities, maryborough

[from EDHS Newsletter No. 86, September 1992:] SPRING EXCURSION MARYBOROUGH: As a Spring excursion our bus trip on 27th September is well timed - Maryborough is conducting its Wattle Festival on that weekend. We are to be guests of the Midlands Historical Society who will provide a guide for our tour of the town. This is a somewhat longer trip than we usually undertake so we have an earlier start at 8.00 am and the cost is a little more than usual at $20.00. The entry to the Midlands Society's Worsley Cottage is included. At the end of the town tour we will visit the C.W.A.'s Fair which is part of the Wattle Festival. Afternoon tea will be available there for a small charge. Bring your lunch and something for morning tea if you wish. We will be travelling to Maryborough via Creswick and Clunes and returning via Castlemaine. We will return about 6.00 pm and transport home can be arranged if required. Maryborough has a rich history with the gold era being particularly significant. Local historian Betty Osborne has produced the book "Maryborough - a Social History 1854-1905". You might like to try and obtain it from the library for advance reading or it will be available for purchase on the day at $25.00. To book for this tour please complete the attached from and return with your payment to the September meeting or send it to our post office box. Friends are most welcome as usual.Colour photographactivities, maryborough

[from EDHS Newsletter No. 86, September 1992:] SPRING EXCURSION MARYBOROUGH: As a Spring excursion our bus trip on 27th September is well timed - Maryborough is conducting its Wattle Festival on that weekend. We are to be guests of the Midlands Historical Society who will provide a guide for our tour of the town. This is a somewhat longer trip than we usually undertake so we have an earlier start at 8.00 am and the cost is a little more than usual at $20.00. The entry to the Midlands Society's Worsley Cottage is included. At the end of the town tour we will visit the C.W.A.'s Fair which is part of the Wattle Festival. Afternoon tea will be available there for a small charge. Bring your lunch and something for morning tea if you wish. We will be travelling to Maryborough via Creswick and Clunes and returning via Castlemaine. We will return about 6.00 pm and transport home can be arranged if required. Maryborough has a rich history with the gold era being particularly significant. Local historian Betty Osborne has produced the book "Maryborough - a Social History 1854-1905". You might like to try and obtain it from the library for advance reading or it will be available for purchase on the day at $25.00. To book for this tour please complete the attached from and return with your payment to the September meeting or send it to our post office box. Friends are most welcome as usual.Two colour photographsactivities, maryborough

The first Presbyterian Church service was conducted at the Orbost Station Homestead in 1885, during a visit by Sir William Clarke, who was accompanied by two ministers. The organist was resident Grace Jennings Carmichael. Services were later held in Mr J. W. Borland’s shop and the Mechanics Hall. In 1887 the land on which the church now stands was purchased from Mr James Hossack snr, for £50 ($100). The trustees were Mr John, Peter and Hugh Cameron, Mr John A Watt and Mr James Hossack Jnr. Timber from Richardson’s Tabbara Mill was used by builder Mr R. P Cameron and at a cost of £ 311.3.7 ($622) the church was opened January 9th 1898. This item is from the estate of Elsie Cooke. Elsie Cooke was a librarian in Orbost for many years. She was the daughter of John Cooke early Brodribb settler. Elsie Cooke lived all her life in Gippsland,. She was born at Brodribb in 1895 and died in 1970, Elsie Cooke lived at Bruthen for a short time and, in 1937, moved to live with her aunt, Miss Jean Munro. Miss Cooke was Librarian at the Mechanics Institute for many years. Kindness and consideration for other were Miss Cooke’s attributes and she endeared herself to all who knew her. She was a loyal member of the Presbyterian Church and a stalwart of the Ladies’ Guild, an energetic worker for the Municipal Auxiliary and a member of the Red Cross. (ref. Mary Gilbert This item is associated with the Presbyterian Church in Orbost. It is an example of early book-keeping and is also associated with Elsie Cooke.Two white paper accounts. They are typed in black and are statements of receipts and expenditure for the Presbyterian Church in Orbost. On one sheet is an alhabetical list of subscribers for the year ending June 30, 1891. On the other is a general account of receipts and expenditure.presbyterian-church-orbost account-book-keeping

Cocks Pioneer Electric Gold & Tin Mine Company was formed in 1899. The company's first power station, located at the eastern end of the valley began operating with its 340 Kilowatt steam-powered generator. By 1909, from 2,500,000 cubic yards worked, reported recovery was 17,284 ounces of gold and 224 tons of tin ore. By 1909, Cocks Pioneer’s power plant had become inadequate and uneconomical. The barge was floated downstream about a mile, but lost time caused the operations to cease. Following testing, a new mine was established by diverting Reid's Creek at a cost of £25,000. Settling dams were built, one of which held 1,935,900 cubic feet. Sold earth banks, built against a wall of stringy bark saplings constructed and laced with vertical props, were built. In 1914, the company was reformed as Cock’s Pioneer Gold and Tin Mines NL, another power station was constructed at the western end of the township, near the junction of Clear and Reid's Creeks. From 6,800,000 cubic yards of material processed, the returns were 64,397 ounces of gold and 855 ton of tin. Cocks Pioneer mine then moved the barge downs stream and continued sluicing. In 1929 Cocks Pioneer Electric Gold and Tin Mining Company ceased operations due to a drop in values. Cock’s Pioneer Gold and Tin Mines NL carried on large-scale hydraulic sluicing operations until 1941. mining, gold, tin, barge, sluicing, gold mining, tin mining, cocks pioneer, el dorado, eldorado

Cocks Pioneer Electric Gold & Tin Mine Company was formed in 1899. The company's first power station, located at the eastern end of the valley began operating with its 340 Kilowatt steam-powered generator. By 1909, from 2,500,000 cubic yards worked, reported recovery was 17,284 ounces of gold and 224 tons of tin ore. By 1909, Cocks Pioneer’s power plant had become inadequate and uneconomical. The barge was floated downstream about a mile, but lost time caused the operations to cease. Following testing, a new mine was established by diverting Reid's Creek at a cost of £25 000. Settling dams were built, one of which held 1,935,900 cubic feet. Sold earth banks, built against a wall of stringy bark saplings constructed and laced with vertical props, were built. In 1914, the company was reformed as Cock’s Pioneer Gold and Tin Mines NL, another power station was constructed at the western end of the township, near the junction of Clear and Reid's Creeks. From 6,800,000 cubic yards of material processed, the returns were 64,397 ounces of gold and 855 ton of tin. Cocks Pioneer mine then moved the barge downs stream and continued sluicing. In 1929 Cocks Pioneer Electric Gold and Tin Mining Company ceased operations due to a drop in values. Cock’s Pioneer Gold and Tin Mines NL carried on large-scale hydraulic sluicing operations until 1941. gold, tin, mining, sluicing, gold mining, tin mining, cocks pioneer, el dorado, eldorado

Cocks Pioneer Electric Gold & Tin Mine Company was formed in 1899. The company's first power station, located at the eastern end of the valley began operating with its 340 Kilowatt steam-powered generator. By 1909, from 2,500,000 cubic yards worked, reported recovery was 17,284 ounces of gold and 224 tons of tin ore. By 1909, Cocks Pioneer’s power plant had become inadequate and uneconomical. The barge was floated downstream about a mile, but lost time caused the operations to cease. Following testing, a new mine was established by diverting Reid's Creek at a cost of £25,000. Settling dams were built, one of which held 1,935,900 cubic feet. Sold earth banks, built against a wall of stringy bark saplings constructed and laced with vertical props, were built. In 1914, the company was reformed as Cock’s Pioneer Gold and Tin Mines NL, another power station was constructed at the western end of the township, near the junction of Clear and Reid's Creeks. From 6,800,000 cubic yards of material processed, the returns were 64,397 ounces of gold and 855 ton of tin. Cocks Pioneer mine then moved the barge downs stream and continued sluicing. In 1929 Cocks Pioneer Electric Gold and Tin Mining Company ceased operations due to a drop in values. Cock’s Pioneer Gold and Tin Mines NL carried on large-scale hydraulic sluicing operations until 1941. mines, mining, tin, gold, tin mining, gold mining, sluicing, cocks pioneer, el dorado, eldorado

Cocks Pioneer Electric Gold & Tin Mine Company was formed in 1899. The company's first power station, located at the eastern end of the valley began operating with its 340 Kilowatt steam-powered generator. By 1909, from 2,500,000 cubic yards worked, reported recovery was 17,284 ounces of gold and 224 tons of tin ore. By 1909, Cocks Pioneer’s power plant had become inadequate and uneconomical. The barge was floated downstream about a mile, but lost time caused the operations to cease. Following testing, a new mine was established by diverting Reid's Creek at a cost of £25 000. Settling dams were built, one of which held 1,935,900 cubic feet. Sold earth banks, built against a wall of stringy bark saplings constructed and laced with vertical props, were built. In 1914, the company was reformed as Cock’s Pioneer Gold and Tin Mines NL, another power station was constructed at the western end of the township, near the junction of Clear and Reid's Creeks. From 6,800,000 cubic yards of material processed, the returns were 64,397 ounces of gold and 855 ton of tin. Cocks Pioneer mine then moved the barge downs stream and continued sluicing. In 1929 Cocks Pioneer Electric Gold and Tin Mining Company ceased operations due to a drop in values. Cock’s Pioneer Gold and Tin Mines NL carried on large-scale hydraulic sluicing operations until 1941. mining, mines, gold, tin, gold mining, tin mining, sluicing, cocks pioneer, el dorado, eldorado

Cocks Pioneer Electric Gold & Tin Mine Company was formed in 1899. The company's first power station, located at the eastern end of the valley began operating with its 340 Kilowatt steam-powered generator. By 1909, from 2,500,000 cubic yards worked, reported recovery was 17,284 ounces of gold and 224 tons of tin ore. By 1909, Cocks Pioneer’s power plant had become inadequate and uneconomical. The barge was floated downstream about a mile, but lost time caused the operations to cease. Following testing, a new mine was established by diverting Reid's Creek at a cost of £25 000. Settling dams were built, one of which held 1,935,900 cubic feet. Sold earth banks, built against a wall of stringy bark saplings constructed and laced with vertical props, were built. In 1914, the company was reformed as Cock’s Pioneer Gold and Tin Mines NL, another power station was constructed at the western end of the township, near the junction of Clear and Reid's Creeks. From 6,800,000 cubic yards of material processed, the returns were 64,397 ounces of gold and 855 ton of tin. Cocks Pioneer mine then moved the barge downs stream and continued sluicing. In 1929 Cocks Pioneer Electric Gold and Tin Mining Company ceased operations due to a drop in values. Cock’s Pioneer Gold and Tin Mines NL carried on large-scale hydraulic sluicing operations until 1941. Handwritten across photograph: "PIONEER" - ELDORADO / F FOXCROFT PHOTO.mining, mines, gold, tin, gold mining, tin mining, sluicing, cocks pioneer, el dorado, eldorado

Presented to the Major The Honorable F. T. Sargood together with the V.R.A. Challenge Cup on 8 December 1876. The cup was competed for by all the volunteer corps in Victoria. The following extract is from The Argus (Melb), Sat 9 Dec 1876, page 9 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/5912315 The second quarterly official inspection of the St Kilda Battery was held last night by Colonel Anderson. The gun drill was held in the orderly-room, and afterwards the corps was put through field movements in the drill around. At the termination of the inspection Colonel Anderson expressed his satisfaction at the manner in which the drill had been performed. Colonel Anderson then presented Major Sargood with the Victorian Rifle Association Challenge Cap, which had been won by the St. Kilda Battery three times. The cup has been competed for the last 12 years, and in that time the cost of the ammunition used in the contest and markers' fees amounted to about £3.000. The value of the cup is 20 guineas. An address to Major Sargood was then read by Captain Hearn. On receiving the cup Major Sargood said that he was afraid from the state of his health he would either have to retire from command of the battery, or obtain a long leave of absence. He said that six years ago he bad been presented with a sword which he wore that evening, and he was glad to see that there was no diminution of the goodwill then expressed towards him. Red leather folder lined with ecru coloured watered silk containing a illuminated copy of the address on the presentation of the V.R.A. Challenge Cup to Major The Honorable F. T. Sargood. The cover has a gilt decorated embossing around its border and gilt text.On front: "ADDRESS TO MAJOR THE HON. F. T. SARGOOD." "ST KILDA BATTERY" "R.V.V.A."rippon lea, sargood, frederick thomas, sir

3 photographs showing Carome at Mernda dated mid 1960's. CAROME In 1840 Arthur Sergeantson purchased Section 19, Parish of Morang, a total of 842 acres. He named the property `Sergeantson Hall’ but the portion between the Plenty Road and Plenty River soon became known as Carome, the name of a flour mill he established in 1841. In 1843 Sergeantson leased the mill to a miller named Anderson, who operated it until 1850. Anderson was followed by Robert Charles. The present dwelling date back to at least 1850, and possibly earlier. In 1857 Sergeantson’s remaining 411 acres and Carome Mill were purchased by Abraham Willis and William Hardesty, who refurbished and upgraded the mill at the enormous cost of 1,200 Pounds. In 1868 the Mill was destroyed by fire. Willis continued farming at Carome until 1899 when he leased the farm to his son Robert and retired to Carlton. Little of the Mill remains. It was set just downstream from the deep rocky waterhole which formed a natural dam. Local folklore has it that this waterhole was used for water games by the Aborigines. Europeans certainly swim there now, and locals refer to this area as Power's hole, named after the previous owners the Power family. Such a prominent waterhole is likely to have been well known to the Aborigines. (Reference: City of Whittlesea Heritage Study) 3 colour photographs.mernda, carome mernda, bluestone, power family, willis family, abraham willis, isabella willis, carome mill, powers hole

A photograph of Alfred Arnold his wife Lucy (nee Willis) and their children Florence and Charles. Lucy is the daughter of Abraham and Isabella Willis of Carome in Mernda. CAROME In 1840 Arthur Sergeantson purchased Section 19, Parish of Morang, a total of 842 acres. He named the property `Sergeantson Hall’ but the portion between the Plenty Road and Plenty River soon became known as Carome, the name of a flour mill he established in 1841. In 1843 Sergeantson leased the mill to a miller named Anderson, who operated it until 1850. Anderson was followed by Robert Charles. The present dwelling date back to at least 1850, and possibly earlier. In 1857 Sergeantson’s remaining 411 acres and Carome Mill were purchased by Abraham Willis and William Hardesty, who refurbished and upgraded the mill at the enormous cost of 1,200 Pounds. In 1868 the Mill was destroyed by fire. Willis continued farming at Carome until 1899 when he leased the farm to his son Robert and retired to Carlton. Little of the Mill remains. It was set just downstream from the deep rocky waterhole which formed a natural dam. Local folklore has it that this waterhole was used for water games by the Aborigines. Europeans certainly swim there now, and locals refer to this area as Power's hole, named after the previous owners the Power family. Such a prominent waterhole is likely to have been well known to the Aborigines. (Reference: City of Whittlesea Heritage Study) Copy of black and white photograph.Printed on Kodak Professional Endura Papermernda, carome mernda, bluestone, power family, willis family, abraham willis, isabella willis, carome mill, powers hole, william hardesty, arthur sergeantson, alfred arnold, lucy willis, lucy arnold, florence arnold, charles arnold

A photograph showing Carome homestead in Mernda dated 1972. CAROME In 1840 Arthur Sergeantson purchased Section 19, Parish of Morang, a total of 842 acres. He named the property `Sergeantson Hall’ but the portion between the Plenty Road and Plenty River soon became known as Carome, the name of a flour mill he established in 1841. In 1843 Sergeantson leased the mill to a miller named Anderson, who operated it until 1850. Anderson was followed by Robert Charles. The present dwelling date back to at least 1850, and possibly earlier. In 1857 Sergeantson’s remaining 411 acres and Carome Mill were purchased by Abraham Willis and William Hardesty, who refurbished and upgraded the mill at the enormous cost of 1,200 Pounds. In 1868 the Mill was destroyed by fire. Willis continued farming at Carome until 1899 when he leased the farm to his son Robert and retired to Carlton. Little of the Mill remains. It was set just downstream from the deep rocky waterhole which formed a natural dam. Local folklore has it that this waterhole was used for water games by the Aborigines. Europeans certainly swim there now, and locals refer to this area as Power's hole, named after the previous owners the Power family. Such a prominent waterhole is likely to have been well known to the Aborigines. (Reference: City of Whittlesea Heritage Study) Colour photograph.Printed on Kodak Professional Endura Paper.mernda, carome mernda, bluestone, power family, willis family, abraham willis, isabella willis, carome mill, powers hole, william hardesty, arthur sergeantson

A photograph of a man in front of Carome Homestead, 1932. CAROME In 1840 Arthur Sergeantson purchased Section 19, Parish of Morang, a total of 842 acres. He named the property `Sergeantson Hall’ but the portion between the Plenty Road and Plenty River soon became known as Carome, the name of a flour mill he established in 1841. In 1843 Sergeantson leased the mill to a miller named Anderson, who operated it until 1850. Anderson was followed by Robert Charles. The present dwelling date back to at least 1850, and possibly earlier. In 1857 Sergeantson’s remaining 411 acres and Carome Mill were purchased by Abraham Willis and William Hardesty, who refurbished and upgraded the mill at the enormous cost of 1,200 Pounds. In 1868 the Mill was destroyed by fire. Willis continued farming at Carome until 1899 when he leased the farm to his son Robert and retired to Carlton. Little of the Mill remains. It was set just downstream from the deep rocky waterhole which formed a natural dam. Local folklore has it that this waterhole was used for water games by the Aborigines. Europeans certainly swim there now, and locals refer to this area as Power's hole, named after the previous owners the Power family. Such a prominent waterhole is likely to have been well known to the Aborigines. (Reference: City of Whittlesea Heritage Study) Copy of a black and white photograph.Handwritten on the back: Carome Mernda 1932mernda, carome mernda, bluestone, power family, willis family, abraham willis, isabella willis, carome mill, powers hole, william hardesty, arthur sergeantson

Colac was the centre of a spidery rail network over which were carted anything and everything by Victorian Railways, the common carrier throughout the area. The main line through the region was the 35 km rail route from Birregurra (and thence to Geelong) though Colac to Pirron Yallock (and thence to Warrnambool and Port Fairy) from March, 1877, to July, 1883. The first branch line ran from Irrewarra to Beeac in 1889, which then extended in stages to Cressy and on the Ballarat. The second branch line was the 31 km long Birregurra to Forrest in 1891. The cost of building railways into mountainous terrain meant the third branch line was a narrow-gauge 2 foot 6 inch line, first of all to Beech Forest in 1902, and then to Crowes in 1911, for a total of 71 km. The final rail connection was the 16 km branch from Colac to Alvie to facilitate the transport of onions, opening in 1923. Each line had its own character and peculiarities derived from its foundation, geography and economic base. As a general rule, the loadings on the branch lines had greater output tonnage than inwards, the reverse of the main line. The lines traversed agricultural and timber areas where inputs like seed, grass, fertiliser and labour were minor, compared with the output, timber, wool, cream, butter, cheese fruit, potatoes, onion, grain and livestock.Rail Centre Colac. Rail stations in the Colac Otway Shire, 1877 to 2014. Norman Houghton. 1st ed. Norman Houghton; Geelong (Vic); 2014. vi, 262 p.; illus., maps, index. Soft cover.colac; cressy; forrest; beech forest; crowes

In 1919, Australian schoolchildren received a special commemorative medal to mark the end of World War I. This medal, known as the “Peace of 1919” medallion, was issued by the Defence Department and distributed to schoolchildren throughout Australia. The medallion is circular with a plain edge and an integral suspension loop. On the obverse side, it features a symbolic female figure of Peace, holding a sword and standing on a plinth marked “PEACE 1919.” A dove flies behind her, and two figures freed from shackles are at her feet. The reverse side showcases a central panel surrounded by laurel leaves, topped by the King’s Crown with the word “VICTORY” over rays of the rising sun. A sailor and a digger stand at ease on either side of the panel, which bears the inscription “THE / TRIUMPH / OF / LIBERTY / AND / JUSTICE.” Below the leaves, a small panel displays the words “THE PEACE OF 1919” and the manufacturer’s name. The medallion was issued to commemorate the signing of the Versailles Peace Treaty in 1919, which officially ended World War I. Originally, the medals were suspended from a narrow piece of red, white, and blue striped cotton ribbon. This medallion served as a reminder to a generation of the service and sacrifice of Australians during the war. It symbolized the achievement of peace, albeit at great cost. Each child in Australia aged 0-14 years (and up to 16 if their parents were in the armed forces) received this small but meaningful token of remembrance12. Small medallion with faded red, white and blue ribbon with pin. Female on the front. Wreath on back with two males either side with uniformmedals, 1919, ww1

Showing the flood waters of 1946 around the Band Rotunda in the botanical gardens. Funding for the construction of the Rotunda was bequeathed in the Will of local resident Mrs Annie Williams, who was born in Daylesford in 1872 and died in Kew in 1930. Annie’s Will stipulated that the remaining value of her Estate be spent on erecting a Bandstand in the Port Fairy Botanical Gardens dedicated to the memory of her brother Hugh, a stretcher bearer in WW1 and who died in 1921 after being discharged with health issues, her husband Henry, and herself naturally. There is a plaque dedicated to Annie on the Bandstand She requested that the Bandstand be a replica of the one at Daylesford but by 1933 the value of her Estate had diminished to £76.4/8 which was insufficient to cover a similar design and the Borough Councillors felt it would be too extravagant for the Port Fairy Botanical Gardens. Local builder J.J.McLaren’s tender of £71.15/- was accepted and the octagonal concrete pillared construction was completed with the use of sustenance labour the following year. The Bandstand was opened in December, 1934 with a performance by the Port Fairy Band and local residents enjoying the entertainment and a picnic. In 1934 it was reported that there was some fuss in Council because of the whereabouts of the sum of approximately £3/- , being the amount left over from the build. After some months of debate, in which the Councillors suggested that the Engineer had used the money inappropriately, and to which he responded that the build had cost more than the quote, the matter seems to have ended there An image of the flood waters in the botanical gardens in 1946Black and white photograph of Flood water around rotunda in the gardensflood, river, botanical gardens, port fairy, moyne river, rotunda, bandstand

Funding for the construction of the Rotunda was bequeathed in the Will of local resident Mrs Annie Williams, who was born in Daylesford in 1872 and died in Kew in 1930. Annie’s Will stipulated that the remaining value of her Estate be spent on erecting a Bandstand in the Port Fairy Botanical Gardens dedicated to the memory of her brother Hugh, a stretcher bearer in WW1 and who died in 1921 after being discharged with health issues, her husband Henry, and herself naturally. There is a plaque dedicated to Annie on the Bandstand She requested that the Bandstand be a replica of the one at Daylesford but by 1933 the value of her Estate had diminished to £76.4/8 which was insufficient to cover a similar design and the Borough Councillors felt it would be too extravagant for the Port Fairy Botanical Gardens. Local builder J.J.McLaren’s tender of £71.15/- was accepted and the octagonal concrete pillared construction was completed with the use of sustenance labour the following year. The Bandstand was opened in December, 1934 with a performance by the Port Fairy Band and local residents enjoying the entertainment and a picnic. In 1934 it was reported that there was some fuss in Council because of the whereabouts of the sum of approximately £3/- , being the amount left over from the build. After some months of debate, in which the Councillors suggested that the Engineer had used the money inappropriately, and to which he responded that the build had cost more than the quote, the matter seems to have ended there Coloured photograph (hand tinted) of the stand of cypress trees leading to the rotundaThe Park, Port Fairy - No. 3botanical, garden, cypress, tree, rotunda

Funding for the construction of the Rotunda was bequeathed in the Will of local resident Mrs Annie Williams, who was born in Daylesford in 1872 and died in Kew in 1930. Annie’s Will stipulated that the remaining value of her Estate be spent on erecting a Bandstand in the Port Fairy Botanical Gardens dedicated to the memory of her brother Hugh, a stretcher bearer in WW1 and who died in 1921 after being discharged with health issues, her husband Henry, and herself naturally. There is a plaque dedicated to Annie on the Bandstand She requested that the Bandstand be a replica of the one at Daylesford but by 1933 the value of her Estate had diminished to £76.4/8 which was insufficient to cover a similar design and the Borough Councillors felt it would be too extravagant for the Port Fairy Botanical Gardens. Local builder J.J.McLaren’s tender of £71.15/- was accepted and the octagonal concrete pillared construction was completed with the use of sustenance labour the following year. The Bandstand was opened in December, 1934 with a performance by the Port Fairy Band and local residents enjoying the entertainment and a picnic. In 1934 it was reported that there was some fuss in Council because of the whereabouts of the sum of approximately £3/- , being the amount left over from the build. After some months of debate, in which the Councillors suggested that the Engineer had used the money inappropriately, and to which he responded that the build had cost more than the quote, the matter seems to have ended there Black and white photograph of the stand of cypress trees with the rotunda in the backgroundThe Park Port Fairy - No 3botanical, garden, trees, rotunda, path

Funding for the construction of the Rotunda was bequeathed in the Will of local resident Mrs Annie Williams, who was born in Daylesford in 1872 and died in Kew in 1930. Annie’s Will stipulated that the remaining value of her Estate be spent on erecting a Bandstand in the Port Fairy Botanical Gardens dedicated to the memory of her brother Hugh, a stretcher bearer in WW1 and who died in 1921 after being discharged with health issues, her husband Henry, and herself naturally. There is a plaque dedicated to Annie on the Bandstand She requested that the Bandstand be a replica of the one at Daylesford but by 1933 the value of her Estate had diminished to £76.4/8 which was insufficient to cover a similar design and the Borough Councillors felt it would be too extravagant for the Port Fairy Botanical Gardens. Local builder J.J.McLaren’s tender of £71.15/- was accepted and the octagonal concrete pillared construction was completed with the use of sustenance labour the following year. The Bandstand was opened in December, 1934 with a performance by the Port Fairy Band and local residents enjoying the entertainment and a picnic. In 1934 it was reported that there was some fuss in Council because of the whereabouts of the sum of approximately £3/- , being the amount left over from the build. After some months of debate, in which the Councillors suggested that the Engineer had used the money inappropriately, and to which he responded that the build had cost more than the quote, the matter seems to have ended there Black and white photograph of gardens with dividing paths and palm treebotanical, rotunda, gardens, trees, bandstand

The late W.F. “Bill” Waters, Rover Commissioner of Victoria, was introduced to skiing in November 1930 at the International Scout Chalet at Kandersteg in Switzerland. He believed it would be a good activity for Victorian Rovers to be involved in to learn more about the Victorian Alps The first Rover ski trip to the Bogong High Plains was in the August of 1932 when a group of four crossed the High Plains from Omeo to Harrietville via Tawonga Huts, Cobungra Gap, Mt Loch and Mt Feathertop. In 1933 the Bogong Rover Crew was formed and in 1938 funds were collected and life memberships offered to raise funds to build a Rover Chalet for the purposes of skiing. During February and March1940, the Chalet was built at a cost of £700 using volunteer labour. It was the first ski lodge in the area and was built long before there was a road over Watchbed Creek. After the road to Rocky Valley was finished it was easier for the scouts to walk in from there instead of from Shannonvale. During the spring thaw the creek became almost impassable. Joe Holsten who was an SEC employee who worked with Martin Romuld out of Wilkinson’s Hut built a bridge across the creek made entirely from snow gums which he had to haul about 300 metres from the nearby hills. It became known as the Harbour Bridge as it arched over the water just like the Sydney Harbour Bridge.These images are significant because they depict an early bridge structure to enable easier travelling across the Bogong High Plains.Three black and white photos taken at the Harbour Bridge, Watchbed Creek.harbour bridge bogong high plains, watchbed creek, joe holsten

Stirrer, used in Optical Glass work, Hartung & associates, 1941 Ernst Johannes Hartung was a chemist and astronomer. Educated at the University of Melbourne (BSc 1913, DSc 1919), he became lecturer in 1919, associate professor in 1924, and succeeded Rivett as chair of chemistry in 1928, remaining in this position until 1953. Hartung?s lecturing style surged with enthusiasm and he employed the use of screen projections to demonstrate chemical phenomena to large undergraduate classes. In 1935 he recorded Brownian movement in colloidal solutions on 35 mm cinefilm, which was later copied onto 16 mm film for the Eastman Kodak Co. World Science Library. This can be viewed in the Chemistry laboratory. He researched the photo decomposition of silver halides, and was awarded the David Syme Prize in 1926. He devoted time to the design and construction of a large, new chemistry building for the School of Chemistry (built 1938?1939). During World War II he was approached by Professor Thomas Laby, chairman of the Optical Munitions Panel, to chair the advisory committee on optical materials, to produce high quality optical glass in Australia. This was successful, with large-scale production achieved within ten months at a reasonable cost. Hartung served three terms as general President of the (Royal) Australian Chemical Institute, was an ex-officio councillor of the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, and a Trustee of the Museum of Applied Science (now part of Museum Victoria).

Stages in development of optical glass. Very early experiments by E.J. Hartung. Ernst Johannes Hartung was a chemist and astronomer. Educated at the University of Melbourne (BSc 1913, DSc 1919), he became lecturer in 1919, associate professor in 1924, and succeeded Rivett as chair of chemistry in 1928, remaining in this position until 1953. Hartung?s lecturing style surged with enthusiasm and he employed the use of screen projections to demonstrate chemical phenomena to large undergraduate classes. In 1935 he recorded Brownian movement in colloidal solutions on 35 mm cinefilm, which was later copied onto 16 mm film for the Eastman Kodak Co. World Science Library. This can be viewed in the Chemistry laboratory. He researched the photo decomposition of silver halides, and was awarded the David Syme Prize in 1926. He devoted time to the design and construction of a large, new chemistry building for the School of Chemistry (built 1938?1939). During World War II he was approached by Professor Thomas Laby, chairman of the Optical Munitions Panel, to chair the advisory committee on optical materials, to produce high quality optical glass in Australia. This was successful, with large-scale production achieved within ten months at a reasonable cost. Hartung served three terms as general President of the (Royal) Australian Chemical Institute, was an ex-officio councillor of the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, and a Trustee of the Museum of Applied Science (now part of Museum Victoria).Optical glass

Large horseshoe magnet, given to young E.J. Hartung. by an uncle. Ernst Johannes Hartung was a chemist and astronomer. Educated at the University of Melbourne (BSc 1913, DSc 1919), he became lecturer in 1919, associate professor in 1924, and succeeded Rivett as chair of chemistry in 1928, remaining in this position until 1953. Hartung?s lecturing style surged with enthusiasm and he employed the use of screen projections to demonstrate chemical phenomena to large undergraduate classes. In 1935 he recorded Brownian movement in colloidal solutions on 35 mm cinefilm, which was later copied onto 16 mm film for the Eastman Kodak Co. World Science Library. This can be viewed in the Chemistry laboratory. He researched the photo decomposition of silver halides, and was awarded the David Syme Prize in 1926. He devoted time to the design and construction of a large, new chemistry building for the School of Chemistry (built 1938?1939). During World War II he was approached by Professor Thomas Laby, chairman of the Optical Munitions Panel, to chair the advisory committee on optical materials, to produce high quality optical glass in Australia. This was successful, with large-scale production achieved within ten months at a reasonable cost. Hartung served three terms as general President of the (Royal) Australian Chemical Institute, was an ex-officio councillor of the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, and a Trustee of the Museum of Applied Science (now part of Museum Victoria).Horseshoe Magnet �

Ernst Johannes Hartung was a chemist and astronomer. Educated at the University of Melbourne (BSc 1913, DSc 1919), he became lecturer in 1919, associate professor in 1924, and succeeded Rivett as chair of chemistry in 1928, remaining in this position until 1953. Hartung?s lecturing style surged with enthusiasm and he employed the use of screen projections to demonstrate chemical phenomena to large undergraduate classes. In 1935 he recorded Brownian movement in colloidal solutions on 35 mm cinefilm, which was later copied onto 16 mm film for the Eastman Kodak Co. World Science Library. This can be viewed in the Chemistry laboratory. He researched the photo decomposition of silver halides, and was awarded the David Syme Prize in 1926. He devoted time to the design and construction of a large, new chemistry building for the School of Chemistry (built 1938?1939). During World War II he was approached by Professor Thomas Laby, chairman of the Optical Munitions Panel, to chair the advisory committee on optical materials, to produce high quality optical glass in Australia. This was successful, with large-scale production achieved within ten months at a reasonable cost. Hartung served three terms as general President of the (Royal) Australian Chemical Institute, was an ex-officio councillor of the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, and a Trustee of the Museum of Applied Science (now part of Museum Victoria).Set of analytic weights, used by E.J.H. in most of his work