This Remington No.12 typewriter is of the typebar, front-strike class. It was made by the Remington Typewriter Company of Ilion, New York, U.S.A. in about 1925. The Model No. 12 was introduced in 1922 and was one of the first 'visible writer' machines, in which the typed characters were visible to the operator. Previous models were of the upstrike class in which the characters were typed on the underside of the platen. To see what had been typed the operator had to raise the platen, meaning the typist was typing blind much of the time. This machine was used by Margaret Ganly née Burn in the 1930s. It was purchased for her by one of the sons of William Pride, a famous saddle maker in Geelong, William was Margaret’s grandfather. The typewriter was donated with original sales receipt and servicing tools. Margaret worked at Dennys for 7 years during the 1930s. The typewriter is accompanied with a story written by Margaret about her time working at the company. Margret married Jack Ganly, a fellow employee of Dennys. The Ganly name was well known within Dennys, with three generations of the Ganly family working at the company. WORKING CONDITIONS & OFFICE WORK DUTIES. Written by Margaret Burn in 2021. Worked at Dennys Lascelles in the 1930s. In the 1930s coming out of the Depression, jobs were hard to come by and had to be clung to by efficiency and subserviency. There was no union to protect workers – bosses could be tough and rough. Dennys Lascelles revolved around fortnightly wool sales in the “season” – September to May. Sale day was always a day of suppressed excitement. Preparation from a clerical point of view was complete and we now awaited the aftermath of the actual wool auction. The building teemed with people. There were country people down to see their wool sold, buyers of many nationalities, or from the big cities, who were coming in and out of the building all day. Their role was to inspect the acres of wool bales displayed on the show floors; however, caterers were present to feed clients, and there was plenty of social interactions on top of business. The office staff did not go home but waited until the first figures came back from the wool sales and the machines went in to action, both human and mechanical, preparing the invoices for the buyers’ firms. This comprised of lists of lot numbers, weights, prices per lb., and the total prices paid. A lot of this was done by old-school typewriters, making this work a big, heavy, tiring job. Before the finished lists could be dispatched, they were collated on an “abstract”. The lists had to balance with the catalogue from which the invoices had been prepared. This never happened automatically. All the paperwork had to be split up amongst pairs of workers and checked until discrepancies were found. This would happen until midnight but occasionally went until 2 or 3 am. Once complete, the invoices could then be rushed off to the buyers’ firms usually in Melbourne, and hire cars took the staff home. It was back on the job the next morning, usually around 8.30. The office hours varied according to the size of the sale and work involved. Some days started as early as 8 and could finish around 5.30. The second phase of work began with the account sales to be prepared for the sellers of the wool. These detailed all the weights, descriptions of wool, brands, and prices. One Sales account could have multitudes of lot numbers, all needing to be individually described. Various charges needed to be deducted such as finance for woolpacks, extra stock, or farmers who were given a loan to live on during the season. Details of how payment was to be made was also noted, whether the seller was to be paid by cheque, to a bank, or credited to their account with the company (which often left the seller still in debt). For a couple of months in the winter, things were quieter when staff took holidays and were sometimes given afternoons off. But there were still weekly skin sales and stock sales around the state. The annual end of June figures to be prepared for a big company like Dennys with branches all around the state also kept the staff busy. In good years there was sometimes a bonus. On sale days there was a bar open for the clients and wool buyers. This added to the excitement for the young girls, who were strictly barred from using it, but somehow managed to sneak a gin and tonic. This is how I had my first ever, before the evening meal. There was also the romantic notion in some minds, with all the influx of males, that some of us might end up on a wealthy station, or be noticed by an exotic buyer. To my knowledge, this never happened at Dennys Lascelles Limited. Group staff photo at Dennys Lascelles Limited. Margaret Burn. Age 18 or 19. Jack Ganly (Margaret’s future husband). 22.The typewriter has a black painted metal frame. The top section of the typewriter consists of a cylindrical platen on a carriage featuring plated metal fittings. A curved folding paper guide sits behind the platen and moves on the horizontal axis when the user types on the keyboard. A horizontal semicircular type basket with typebar links the top section to the lower keyboard. The ink ribbon is carried between two spools on a horizontal axis, one on each side of the type-basket. At the rear, a paper tray features gold lettering which reads ‘Remington’. At the front, a four-row QWERTY keyboard is found with 42-character keys total. 'SHIFT LOCK' and 'SHIFT KEY' are to the left of the keyboard, 'BACK SPACER' and 'SHIFT KEY' to the right. All keys are circular, white with black lettering. At the top of the keyboard are five circular red keys with the numbers 1-5 displayed behind their respective keys. A Spacebar is found along the front of the keyboard. The typewriter is accompanied by a cardboard box. This box contains the original sales receipt, on blue paper with grey lead handwriting. It also contains spare parts, a spare ribbon stretched between two spools, and cleaning tools such as brushes of differing sizes. Serial Number. Engraved. "LX45395" Gold lettering. Paper tray. “Remington” Gold Lettering. Behind keyboard. “Made in Ilion, New York, U.S.A. Gold Lettering. Mirrored both sides of type-basket. “12”remington, dennys lascelles ltd, worker conditions 1930s

Letter of Reference for Miss Margaret Burn detailing her work as a bookkeeper, machine operator, typist, and stenographer over seven years at Dennys Lascelles Limited. The letter details her leaving the company as she married in 1939. In the same year, Ms Burn returned to the office owing to the shortage of staff caused by various employees being called away for Military Training. Included in the staff called away for military training was her newlywed husband, Mr Jack Ganly. A fellow employee of Dennys, the Ganly name was well known within the company, with three generations of the Ganly family working at Dennys. Margaret worked at Dennys for 7 years during the 1930s. The Letter of Reference is accompanied with a story written by Margaret about her time working at the company. WORKING CONDITIONS & OFFICE WORK DUTIES. Written by Margaret Burn in 2021. Worked at Dennys Lascelles in the 1930s. In the 1930s coming out of the Depression, jobs were hard to come by and had to be clung to by efficiency and subserviency. There was no union to protect workers – bosses could be tough and rough. Dennys Lascelles revolved around fortnightly wool sales in the “season” – September to May. Sale day was always a day of suppressed excitement. Preparation from a clerical point of view was complete and we now awaited the aftermath of the actual wool auction. The building teemed with people. There were country people down to see their wool sold, buyers of many nationalities, or from the big cities, who were coming in and out of the building all day. Their role was to inspect the acres of wool bales displayed on the show floors; however, caterers were present to feed clients, and there was plenty of social interactions on top of business. The office staff did not go home but waited until the first figures came back from the wool sales and the machines went in to action, both human and mechanical, preparing the invoices for the buyers’ firms. This comprised of lists of lot numbers, weights, prices per lb., and the total prices paid. A lot of this was done by old-school typewriters, making this work a big, heavy, tiring job. Before the finished lists could be dispatched, they were collated on an “abstract”. The lists had to balance with the catalogue from which the invoices had been prepared. This never happened automatically. All the paperwork had to be split up amongst pairs of workers and checked until discrepancies were found. This would happen until midnight but occasionally went until 2 or 3 am. Once complete, the invoices could then be rushed off to the buyers’ firms usually in Melbourne, and hire cars took the staff home. It was back on the job the next morning, usually around 8.30. The office hours varied according to the size of the sale and work involved. Some days started as early as 8 and could finish around 5.30. The second phase of work began with the account sales to be prepared for the sellers of the wool. These detailed all the weights, descriptions of wool, brands, and prices. One Sales account could have multitudes of lot numbers, all needing to be individually described. Various charges needed to be deducted such as finance for woolpacks, extra stock, or farmers who were given a loan to live on during the season. Details of how payment was to be made was also noted, whether the seller was to be paid by cheque, to a bank, or credited to their account with the company (which often left the seller still in debt). For a couple of months in the winter, things were quieter when staff took holidays and were sometimes given afternoons off. But there were still weekly skin sales and stock sales around the state. The annual end of June figures to be prepared for a big company like Dennys with branches all around the state also kept the staff busy. In good years there was sometimes a bonus. On sale days there was a bar open for the clients and wool buyers. This added to the excitement for the young girls, who were strictly barred from using it, but somehow managed to sneak a gin and tonic. This is how I had my first ever, before the evening meal. There was also the romantic notion in some minds, with all the influx of males, that some of us might end up on a wealthy station, or be noticed by an exotic buyer. To my knowledge, this never happened at Dennys Lascelles Limited. Group staff photo at Dennys Lascelles Limited. Margaret Burn. Age 18 or 19. Jack Ganly (Margaret’s future husband). 22. Sheet of paper shorter in length than A4 size, creamed with age. Paper has a header for Dennys, Lascelles Limited’s Head Office at 32 Moorabool Street, Geelong. Body of paper is made up of 3 paragraphs in a typewritten message of black ink with subheadings highlighted with a red underline. The text is finished with a signature at the bottom of the paper. Paper is accompanied by its original envelope. Envelope has typewritten text in black ink with a red underline located at the centre. It also has return to sender instructions to Dennys, Lascelles Limited in the lower left-hand corner.Typewritten text, black and red ink. Multiple. See multimediadennys lascelles ltd, worker conditions 1930s, letter of reference

Male, day shift workers at Godfrey Hirst Mill. Building in background.textile mills staff, godfrey hirst and co. pty ltd excelsior woollen and worsted mills, photographs, textile mills - staff

Black and white historic postcard (Set 2 No 4 ) Australian Brick & Tesselated Tile Co, Mitcham in the 1920s. Workers outside the buildings. Original supplied by Raleigh Armstrong - 2 copiesarmstrong, raleigh edward, australian brick and tesselated tile co., nunawading library & information service

Black and white photograph, mounted on cardboard, showing three men standing in front of a weatherboard building, with two horse carts.workers, horse carts, labourers

This photograph shows the workers' amenities at the Gold Battery. The building has a bedroom and kitchen. In front is a Baler Bucket and a cage. This particular cage was for raising and lowering the skips which brought the material to the surface. This is one of a series of photographs of the Rutherglen Gold Battery. The battery's purpose was to crush quartz from nearby quartz reefs and extract gold from within. The battery was erected in 1908 and consists of a five-head battery, Wilfrey table, Bergin pan, portable steam engine and shed. The battery was restored in 2011/12 and can be viewed daily between 9.00am and 5.00pm. See website for details.Colour photograph of a corrugated iron cottage, with several pieces of machinery around it.gold battery, gold processing

The famous Fletcher Jones clothing factory boasted a beautiful garden for the use of its workers. After the factory closed the building and gardens were retained.Colour photograph of the Fletcher Jones Gardens, Warrnambool. This image includes the silver ball (water tank). fletcher jones, warrnambool, factory, gardens, heritage, silver ball

The photograph was taken during an opening on Ballarat Heritage Weekend. Colour image of a weatherboard out buildings on the Ercildoun property established by squatters the Learmonth Brothers. architecture, ballarat heritage weekend, ercildoun, ercildoune, workers cottage

This photograph is an enlarged section of another photo where all the workers were lined up on the railway siding to welcome home their managing director, Edgar Edwards Walker on his return from overseas. Unfortunately their good intentions backfired as there was deduction in their wages for the time spent away from their work.Black and white photograph of a group of men in front of the Australian Tesselated Tile building. Name of the company behind with name of manager/owner E. E. Walker.australian brick and tesselated tile co tile factories

Change the Rules is an ACTU campaign starting in 2018 targeted at regaining fairness around right to strike, work, wages, job security, penalty rates, taxation (especially businesses that pay zero tax), equity for working women and younger workers. Nationally, Change the Rules rallies were held on Wednesday 9 May 2018. A contingent from Ballarat travelled to Melbourne by train and participated alongside 100,000 other unionists in the CBD. Photos: 1. Rally - Melbourne CBD - Pictured left to right, Moses, Doug Stewart (CFMEU/Trades Hall), Gabriel Waldron (Trades Hall staffer), Michaela Settle (State ALP candidate for the seat of Buninyong), Sarah De Santis (State ALP candidate for the seat of Ripon), Brett Edgington (Secretary, Ballarat Regional Trades and Labour Council. 2. Rally - MUA and other comrades marching. 3. Ballarat Railway Station - Comrades gathering to make the train journey to the rally. Gabriel Waldron (Trades Hall staffer) in the foreground and Michaele Settle in black jacket. 4. Ballarat Railway Station - Comrades gathering to make the train journey to the rally. Tracey Brown, HWU organiser, pictured in red puffer jacket. 5. Ballarat Railway Station - Comrades gathering to make the train journey to the rally. Gabriel Waldron (Trades Hall staffer) and Tracey Brown, HWU organiser, pictured in red puffer jacket. From the Change the Rules website: "Australian Unions are campaigning to change the rules so that working people have more secure jobs and better pay. Right now, big business has too much power. A third of them aren’t paying any tax. And, too many big businesses are in a race to the bottom on wages and job security. As a result, 40% of Australians are in insecure work and wages have flat-lined. We need a wage rise and secure work. We need to change the rules to give all working people the basic rights they need to improve their living standards. We are building a powerful movement to change the rules, and we need you to join your union to be part of it."Significant to nationwide union campaigning and to living and working conditions of all Australians.Electronic photographs.btlc, ballarat trades hall, ballarat trades and labour council, union campaigns - change the rules, actu, rallies, wages, penalty rates, workers' rights, women, equal pay, right to strike, taxation

The ABCC (Australian Building and Construction Commission) was first created during the government of John Howard (LNP). The ABCC claims to, "ensuring that building work in Australia is carried out fairly, efficiently and productively—for the benefit of all employers and workers in the industry, and for the benefit of the Australian economy as a whole." Conversely, the organisation has been claimed by unions and workers to be anti-union and detrimental to the working conditions of employees. A fact sheet from the CFMMEU is attached to this entry. Malcolm Turnbull was Prime Minister from 2015 to 2018. He became Prime Minister after deposing Tony Abbott, in a leadership challenge. The bumper sticker was produced by CFMMEU during the Turnbull Prime Ministership (2015-2018). The CFMMEU is one of the largest unions; membership coverage includes construction, forestry, maritime, mining, energy, textile, clothing and footwear production. Relevant to government, industrial relations and trade unions in Australia.Bumper sticker: colour picture of Malcolm Turnbull; red and white lettering. Stop the ABCC: Turnbull's War on Workers Subtext: exploits workers; destroys jobs; lies; attacks safety; ignores big business; union bashing; CFMEU.btlc, ballarat trades hall, ballarat trades and labour council, cfmeu, turnbull, malcolm, prime ministers - australia, liberal party australia, abcc, australian building and construction commission, industrial relations, cfmmeu, construction, forestry, maritime, mining and energy union, construction, forestry, mining and energy union, trade unions - australia

Belltower Pottery was established by Rudolf Dybka in Kyabram, Victoria, in around 1977 with the help of John Stroomer. Stroomer later took over the pottery, employing as many as 23 workers and apprentices. After a fire in 1988 destroyed the building, Stroomer moved the pottery to the old Kyabram butter factory, where it operated until the late 1990s. Works may be marked with an impressed 'Belltower Pottery' or, after the move to Kyabram, 'Belltower Pottery, Handmade, Kyabram, Vic.'Wheel thrown stoneware bowl with the word 'Nuts' on one side. Stamped "'Belltower Pottery, Handmade, Kyabram, Vic"pottery, belltower pottery, kyabram, australia studio pottery

Belltower Pottery was set up by Rudolf Dybka in Kyabram, Victoria, in around 1977 with the help of John Stroomer. Stroomer later took over the pottery, employing as many as 23 workers and apprentices. After a fire in 1988 destroyed the building, Stroomer moved the pottery to the old Kyabram butter factory, where it operated until the late 1990s. Works may be marked with an impressed 'Belltower Pottery' or, after the move to Kyabram, 'Belltower Pottery, Handmade, Kyabram, Vic.'Wheel thrown stoneware bowl with the word 'Nuts' on one side. pottery, belltower pottery, rudolf dybka, john stroomer

Horse & Cart was used by Council Workers up until the early 1970's to clean street gutters.B&W photo of Shire cleaners with horse & cart, early 1970's. On the back: names of the two council workerssee photohorse, cart, shire workers, street cleaners, 1970's, photo

This pennyfarthing was restored by council workers in the Numurkah Shire in 1970's. Unknown history beforehandRed framed penny-farthing bicycle - gold painted metal seat, small wheel at back with large one at front. Has copper handle bar with wooden knobs at ends

Yields information about the staff at the SEC depot at the time of closure.Set of four Colour 27 x 27 mm slide in Kodachrome white cardboard mounts showing various workers at the depot. .1 - Group of six depot workers standing in front of a bogie tram with the depot building in the background. Left to Right: E. Davis?, A. Domaschenz, Stan Lakey, W. Kell, B. Peart, E. Fish. (See Reg Item 6450 for a colour print) .2 - Les Denmead, Tramway Superintendent standing by the depot "Bundy clock" .3 - E. Fish, holding a tea pot within the Ballarat depot. (See Reg Item 6446 for a colour print) .4 - group of eight depot workers standing alongside a four-wheel tram with the depot building in the background. Left to Right: G. Gray, Stan Lakey, ?, N.Lorensini, ? A. Domaschenz (kneeling), B. Peart and W. Trusler. (See Reg Item 6452 for a colour print) Photo from the collection of Lilian Butler. ballarat, tramways, trams, depot, sec depot, personnel, clock, bundy clock

Yields information about depot activities of the BTPS in building the depot fan and access track.Set of 10 Agfa blue and white plastic mounts - 27mm square slides or 35mm slides of BTPS workers, c1973/1974 preparing rail joints or welding them. .1 - welding access track .2 - setting up to weld track .3 - welding access track .4 - installing fish plates prior to the extension of 2 road across the level crossing - Noel Gipps .5 - Cutting Rail - Noel Gipps and Barry McCandlish .6 - Cutting Rail - Noel Gipps, Barry McCandlish and Bill Kingsley .7 - welding track across the curve in Wendouree Parade .8 - ditto with Richard Gilbert and Noel Forster .9 - welding track across the curve .10 - dittoVarious notations by John as to the slide number and the trams in pencil and ink.tramways, trams, btps, depot, trackwork, wendouree parade

Yields information about depot activities of the BTPS in building the depot fan and access track.Set of 3 AGFA blue and white plastic mount 27mm sq slides of various works at the BTPS depot during 1972 / 1974 and an event set up with members. .1 - 26 and 40 on the fan with John Withers Landrover. - No. 1 road has been commenced. .2 - group photo of BTPS workers - in front of 27 = special event day given the flagging to the right hand side. .3 - 27 by itself.- track has been laid down the access track.Various notations by John as to the slide number and the trams in pencil and ink.tramways, trams, btps, depot, track construction, group photo, events, tram 26, tram 40, tram 27

Yields information about depot activities of the BTPS in building the depot fan and access track.Set of 4 AGFA blue and white plastic mount and one Kodachrome 27mm sq slides of various works at the BTPS depot during 1972 / 1974. .1 - Access track with ballast layer looking back to the depot. .2 - workers on top of Mt Jessup - the stockpile. .3 - 26, 27 and 40 peering out of the depot .4 - 27 on depot fan and sleepers. 27 was the display the tram Noel Gipps, Gavin Young, Bob Prentice .5 - volunteer on roof of tram - can't recall his name. .6 - access track at the level crossing .7 - view from level crossing .8 - Stewart Loddington standing by 26 - 26 has a briquettes sign.Various notations by John as to the slide number and the trams in pencil and ink.tramways, trams, btps, depot, track construction, trams, tram 26, tram 27

Set of 6 transparencies taken on 21/11/1962 on Kodak mounts. 1189.1 - Bendigo No.11 at Quarry Hill terminus. Photo taken looking in along the route. Tram has destination of North Bendigo. 1189.2 - No. 21 in Pall Mall bound for North Bendigo. Tram has roof ads for Mamouney's furniture and SEC. In the background are the National Bank building, Dad and Dave's Cafe and the Beehive Buildings and the London Pharmacy. 1189.3 - No. 2 in Mitchell St, just after crossing over railway bridge. Photo taken after tram has passed photographer. Has what appears to be an SEC road works crew in the background. Has destination of Quarry Hill. 1189.4 - No. 17 climbing Mitchell St. on the start of the single track section, just before crossing the railway bridge. Has destination of Quarry Hill and the large Maples building sign in the background. 1189.5 - as for 1189.4 but after tram has passed photographer. Has an Ilford film roof ad and an SEC roof ad. Railway bridge in the background. 1189.6 - No. 21 at Charing Cross with passengers boarding. Tram has destination of North Bendigo and roof ads for SEC 'Electric Cooking' and Sandhurst Milk. In background are the buildings on the south side of High St. Also has a SEC worker in white overalls sweeping the track.Information written on in black ink and date stamped on purple ink. 1189.1 - "Birney car No. 11 in High St. Bendigo at Golden Square terminus" 1189.2 - "No. 21 in Pall Mall Bendigo near Charing Cross" 1189.3 - "No. 2 in Mitchell St. Bendigo, just after crossing bridge over railway line (Quarry Hill route)" 1189.4 - "No. 17 in Mitchell St. Bendigo, climbing the hill the bridge over the railway line. (Quarry Hill route)" 1189.5 - "No. 17 in Mitchell St., Bendigo approaching bridge over Railway line (Quarry Hill route)" 1189.6 - "No. 21 at Charing Cross, Bendigo"tramways, trams, bendigo, golden square, pall mall, mitchell st., quarry hill, tram 2, tram 11, tram 17, tram 21

Yields information about the tram arrangements for a large group from Geelong and the Geelong wharfies made for their picnic - probably at the Gardens. Demonstrates transport arrangements in the 1950's.Black and white photograph of seven bogie trams lined up with passengers boarding in Lydiard St. North, between Mair St and the Railway Station for the Geelong Waterside Workers picnic day on Wednesday 18/2/1953. Closest tram is No. 40. Photo taken from the Railway Station car park entrance. Provincial Hotel and other buildings on west side of Lydiard St. in photo. Published in the Courier 19/2/1953 - advised by Alan Bradley - 15/3/2003. 1880.1 - Digital image of the same photo from the Wal Jack Album. See images i2 and i3 for details, i3 for the rear of the photograph. Wal Jack notes identifies the trams as Nos. 15, 35, 39, 38, 34, 37, 40"On rear in blue ink "10 - Special trams chartered to convey Geelong Waterside Workers Picnic participants from Railway Station to Lake Wendouree Botanical Gardens o Wednesday 18 Feby '53". Under writing is word "Ballarat" in pencil. In top right hand corner, in a purple ink hand stamp is "N.L. Harvey (Photo Press Service) A.M.P. Chambers Lydiard St. N Ballarat" On rear of .1 is the N.L.Harvey stamp and Wal's notes "SEC Ballarat Geelong Wharfies Specials, Lydiard St Nth at 11.5am, 18-2-53, Nos. 15, 35, 39, 38, 34, 37, 40"trams, tramways, picnics, lydiard st. nth, geelong waterside workers, charters, tram hire, tram 40

Newspaper clipping from The Courier, 25/10/1971 of a photo and caption of railway workers replacing the level crossing track at the Lydiard St. North rail crossing, in order to remove the tramway track. Has a photo showing workmen in the rain, a Gradall excavator and buildings in Lydiard St. in the background, including Reid's Palace.On top edge in blue ink "Taking up the tram lines" and on bottom "25/10/71".trams, tramways, railway crossing, tram track, lydiard st. north

Newspaper clipping (front page) from the Eureka Times, Vol. 1 No. 3 Wed. Sept. 20 1972, about the establishment of the BTPS, the work so far, its proposals, maintenance of trams and operation by volunteers. has photo of three workers in front of No. 40, inside the building. Twp copies heldtrams, tramways, ballarat, eureka times, btps, museum establishment