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Ballarat Heritage Services
Image, Alfred Deakin M.H.R
Alfred Deakin (3 August 1856 – 7 October 1919) was an Australian politician who served as the second Prime Minister of Australia, in office for three separate terms – 1903 to 1904, 1905 to 1908, and 1909 to 1910. Before entering office, he was a leader of the movement for Australian federation. (Wikipedia)Black and white image of Alfred Deakin.portrait, alfred deakin, prime minister -
Ballarat Heritage Services
Image, Right Hon. Alfred Deakin, c1918, c1918
Alfred Deakin (3 August 1856 – 7 October 1919) was an Australian politician who served as the second Prime Minister of Australia, in office for three separate terms – 1903 to 1904, 1905 to 1908, and 1909 to 1910. Before entering office, he was a leader of the movement for Australian federation. (Wikipedia)Black and white image of Alfred Deakin.portrait, alfred deakin, prime minister -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - LYDIA CHANCELLOR COLLECTION; ROLL OF HONOR MYER'S BENDIGO
Cream souvenir programme with a picture of 2 flags on the front and blue and red lines with gold lettering. The wording is ' Souvenir Programme - Unveiling of Honor (sic) Roll of the Employees of Myer's, Bendigo, who have joined the Australian Imperial Forces: By The Prime Minister, Rt. Hon. W. M. Hughes, P.C. at Myers Pall Mall, Bendigo. Tuesday July 31st, 1917.' Inside in gold lettering is an outline of a musical programme and the Roll of Honor itself with the names of 42 employees.event, official, civic, lydia chancellor, collection, event, war, soldiers, music, honor roll, program, programme, souvenir, myer's patriotic workers' society -
Kew Historical Society Inc
Photograph, Centenary Dinner Dance, Kew Civic Hall, 1960, 1960
Original photograph of the Kew Centenary Ball in the new Kew Civic Hall in 1960. The photograph formed part of the collection of WHS Dickinson and was presented to the Kew Historical Society by his daughter in 2018. Original black and white photograph of the seated invited guests at the dinner celebrating the 100th anniversary of the declaration of Kew as an independent municipality. The point of view is from the south end of the building, looking towards the stage at the north end of the main hall. [Originally both halls could be separated or joined by concertina doors.] On the stage, centre, is from left Mr. W. Birrell [Town Clerk], Cr WHS Dickinson [the Mayor], and The Rt Hon Robert Menzies, MP for Kew and Prime Minister of Australia.cr whs dickinson - mayor of kew 1946-1947, civic events - kew (vic), centenary of kew (vic) - 1860-1960 -
Federation University Historical Collection
Letter - Correspondence, State School Classes at the Ballarat School of Mines, 1907, 1907
A number of students from local state schools were awarded a scholarship to undertake a subject at the Ballarat School of Mines. R. Menzies from Humffray Street State School (No. 34) is Robert Menzies who became Prime Minister of Australia in 1939. Menzies topped the State scholarship examination in 1907.Foolscap page with handwritten list of State School Students who were awarded a scholarship to study a subject at the Ballarat School of Mines.ballarat school of mines, scholarship, state school scholarship, robert menzies, john basil bell, reginald smith, t. marsh, hugh main, h. benson, j.j. buchanan, clement a. hoskin, william williamson, alister p. sutherland, bishop, warren dean, ernest marsh, leo w.h. anderson, harry ellingham, ray wasley, harrie r. wilson, g. swenson, harold carey, samuel tongway, eric austin, reginald eva, r. ramsey, edward roberts, john montgomery, samuel bell, ernest pridgeon, charles nicholls, norman martin., samuel taong-way, state school students -
Wangaratta RSL Sub Branch
Dinner Program, RSSILA Wangaratta Sub Branch Centenary Dinner
RSSILA Wangaratta Sub Branch Dinner held to celebrate the Centenary of Wangaratta in 1938. Dinner guests included the Chief Commissioner of Police and Mr Holland, State President. Other Centenary events included the unveilling of the King George V Memorial Gardens which were opened by Mr McEwan Minister of the Interior, representing the Prime Minister. John McEwen was born on 29 March 1900 at Chiltern in Victoria, to pharmacist David McEwen and Amy (Porter) McEwen. His mother died after the birth of their second child in 1901, and his father died in 1907. McEwen and his younger sister were raised by their grandmother, Ellen Porter, who ran a boarding house. They lived first at Wangaratta and then moved to Dandenong in 1912. In June and July 1965 he was acting Prime Minister.Dinner held by Wangaratta Sub Branch to celebrate the Centenary of Wangaratta in 1938. Cream parchment card with embossed borderR.S.S.I.L.A. Wangaratta Sub Branch Centenary Dinner St Patrick's Hall Wednesday 19th October 1938 8pm Three Shillings RSVP Wed., 12th October F.H. McDonagh President. G. Balcke, Secretary.rssila wangaratta sub branch, centenary dinner 1938, wangaratta centenary -
Unions Ballarat
Final Speech by the late Rt Hon JB Chifley MP, Sunday 10 June 1951, 10 June 1951
Mr Chifley's last major public speech, made at the annual conference of the NSW Branch of the Australian Labor Party on the day before his passing away. Chifley spoke at the State Banquet at Parliament House, Canberra, on Tuesday 12 June 1951, and in the House of Representatives on the afternoon of the day that he died (13 June 1951), but those speeches were more formal. Ben Chifley was the sixteenth Prime Minister of Australia and a former railway engine driver. He was treasurer in the Curtin government and became Prime Minister after Curtain's death. He lost the 1949 and 1951 federal elections. The 1951 loss was due to his opposing Menzies' proposal to ban the Communist Party. The document was donated by Mr John Mildren, former federal member for Ballarat and former lecturer at Ballarat College of Advanced Education.Rare. Significant to the history of the Labor Party and to political commentary in Australia. Pertinent to political issues in the 1950s.Paper, A5, stapled, two tone (brown and white)Photograph on the front cover of JB Chifley, title and price (3D). Back cover: sketch of JB Chifley (creator of the sketch is unknown).btlc, ballarat trades hall, unions ballarat, ballarat trades and labour council, chifley, jb, chifley, ben, curtin, john, prime minister, treasurers, elections, communism, communist party - australia, political speeches -
Federation University Historical Collection
Photograph (black & White), Honourable William Philip Schreiner - South Africa
William Schreiner was a barrister, politician, statesman, and Prime Minister of the Cape Colony during the Second Boer War. His proximity to parliamentarians gave him an entry to political life. In 1893 he was elected a member of the Cape Parliament for Kimberly. He became Attorney-General in Cecil Rhodes's cabinet. In1896, Schreiner and the rest of the parliamentary ministers resigned when it became obvious what Cecil Rhodes ambitions were. That ended Rhodes's term as Prime Minister. Schreiner advocated integration and equal rights for all "civilised" men. His dedication to this ideal was proved when he resigned from the National Convention in order to represent Dinuzulu, who was to stand trial for his alleged treasonous participation in the rebellion of 1906. With the forming of the Union Government in 1910 he became one of the first senators nominated to look after Black interests. In 1906 the so-called Bambatha rebellion broke out. Dinuzulu was accused of giving orders to Bambatha to start the rebellion and put on trial for treason. He was sentenced to four years imprisonment. When General Louis Botha became Prime Minister of the Union of South Africa he ordered Dinuzulu be released and transported to the farm Uitk yk in Transvaal. The Bambartha rebellion was a Zulu revolt against British rule and taxation in Natal. Individual image from photographed poster of tobacco and cigarette cards.william schreiner, barrister, politician, prime minister, cape colony, second boer war, attorney-general, cecil rhodes's cabinet, intergration and equal rights, national convention, dinuzulu, union government, bambartha rebellion, louis botha, uniion of south africa -
Surrey Hills Historical Society Collection
Book, Marc Fiddian, Six stamps please: a tableau of Australian post offices, 1989
Once a community's size and importance could be gauged from its post office. The post office, especially in the 19th century, reflected the growth and prosperity of its locality. The boom in post office building was from the mid-1860s to the early 1890s. Invariably a post office was built in a prime location, frequently on a street corner.This book provides a cross section of the various styles of post offices built in city, suburb and country town, and who the post offices serve around Australia. Softback book of 83 pages, with numerous black and white photos; post offices are described alphabetically by town.surrey hills post office, post offices, official buildings, architectural styles, (mr) marc fiddian -
Geelong RSL Sub Branch
News Papers, The Herald and The Argus, 15 August 1945
The two News Papers are the Victory Editions of 15 August 1945 announcing Victory in the Pacific. 15 August each year is the celebrated date of VP day and commemorates the acceptance of unconditional surrender on 14 August 1945, it meant for Australians that WW2 was over. The Herald advises that the surrender was announced by the British Prime Minister Mr Attlee.These two News Papers are the originals as printed on 15 August 1945, that announced Victoria in the Pacific. The surrender was announced by the British Prime Minister Mr Attlee from London.Two News Papers, oblong, buff colour, paper.The Herald dated 15 August 1945, 16 Pages and the Argus dated 15 August 1945, 20 Pages.ww2, news papers, the herald, the augus -
Uniting Church Archives - Synod of Victoria
photograph, 16/12/1952
Irving Benson (1897 - 1980), Methodist clergyman, journalist and social reformer. Ordained in 1919, minister at Toorak Methodist 1918 - 1923, Daley St. Brunswick 1923 - 1926, Wesley Church Melbourne 1926 - 1967. Superannuated 1967. William Morris (Billy) Hughes (1862 - 1952) was the Prime Minister of Australia 1915 - 1923.B & W photograph of the Rt Hon W. M. Hughes standing in the pulpit of Wesley Church Melbourne. Rev Dr Clarence Irving Benson is seated behind him.irving benson, methodist, toorak, brunswick, wesley church, billy hughes, prime minister -
Uniting Church Archives - Synod of Victoria
photograph, 16 January 1952
Irving Benson (1897 - 1980), Methodist clergyman, journalist and social reformer. Ordained in 1919, minister at Toorak Methodist 1918 - 1923, Daley St. Brunswick 1923 - 1926, Wesley Church Melbourne 1926 - 1967. Superannuated 1967. William Morris (Billy) Hughes (1862 - 1952) was the Prime Minister of Australia 1915 - 1923.B & W gloss photograph of a seated Rt Hon W. M. Hughes speaking with Rev Dr Clarence Irving Benson.irving benson, methodist, toorak, brunswick, wesley church, billy hughes, prime minister -
Unions Ballarat
The end of certainty: The story of the 1980s (Don Woodward Collection), Kelly, Paul, 1992
Australian politics in the 1980s and the consequences. Includes: - Hawke-Keating leadership; - 1990s recession; - ALP leadership coup; - deregulation of financial systems; - John Hewson's bid for the prime ministership; - rivalry between John Howard and Andrew Peacock; - John Elliott's push for Liberal Party leadership; - Joh for PM campaign; - industrial relations and the Accord. Politics, industrial relations, economy and leadership issues.Book; 755 pages. Cover: red and purple background; photographs of Bill Kelty, Bob Hawke, Joh Bjelke-Petersen, John Elliott, John Howard, Paul Keating and John Hewson; white lettering; author's name and title.btlc, ballarat trades hall, ballarat trades and labour council, politics and government, prime ministers - australia, political parties, hawke, bob, premiers - bjelke-petersen, joh, elliott, john, kelty, bill, howard, john, keating, paul, peacock, andrew, hewson, john, economy - australia, actu, anthony, doug, country party, liberal party australia, national party, immigration, industrial relations, alp, australian labor party, trade unions, white australia policy, accord -
Unions Ballarat
Photograph: Paul Keating & Jenny Beacham at The Alexandria Tea Rooms, Ballarat, 13 February 1996
Paul Keating was Australian Prime Minister from 1991-1996 and Treasurer from 1983-1991. His government was defeated by the Liberal-National coalition at the 1996 election. Jenny Beacham is a former Labor state secretary and was an ALP candidate for Ballarat in 1996. Alexandria Tea Rooms is located at 30 Lydiard Street North, BallaratPhotograph.btlc, ballarat trades hall, ballarat trades and labour council;, beacham, jenny, keating, paul, elections, politicians, prime minister, the alexandria tea rooms -
8th/13th Victorian Mounted Rifles Regimental Collection
Photograph - Light horse escort for GG Cowan, 1982 circa
Sir Zelman Cowan was Governor General of Australia, December 1977-July 1982. The 8/13 VMR Light Horse Heritage Troop was an extra curricular activity of the 8/13th VMR. Captain (later Major) Robert Morrison, a keen horseman, was the prime mover in raising the troop. All riders were serving soldiers.Representative example of activities of a Heritage Troop of a serving Royal Australian Armoured Corps regiment providing a vice regal escort at a rare and historic event for the Royal Australian Army Ordnance Corps (RAAOC) and the Australian Army.Framed coloured photograph of mounted troops with drawn sabres being an escort from 8/13th Victorian Mounted Rifles Heritage Troop escorting the Governor General Sir Zelman and Lady Cowan at Bandiana 4 December 1981. Escort is commanded by Captain Robert Morrison riding to the right of the official car..Card panel " 8/13 VMR Light Horse / Troop Escort / to their Excellencies Sir Zelman and Lady Cowan at / Bandiana on the occasion of the / Presentation of the Sovereign's Banner to the Royal Australian Army / Ordnance Corps / 4 Dec 1981"cowan zelman sir, 8/13 vmr, heritage troop, morrison robert captain, royal australian army ordnance corps (raaoc), sovereign's banner, raaoc -
Lara RSL Sub Branch
Certificate Expression of Thanks, Award
Presented to all service personal who served in WW2.by the Australian government.Awarded to Ronald Leslie Gregory in appreciation of his service to the war effort by the Hon Paul Keating MP. Prime Minister of Australia.Rectangular shaped Certificate.On the 50th anniversary of the end of the Second World War, a grateful nation expresses its thanks to RONALD LESLIE GREGORY for contributing to the war effort and the coming peace. Signed by Prime Minister the Hon. Paul Keating MP Signed by the Minister for Veterans Affairs the Hon. Con Sciacca MPronald leslie gregory. certificate, award, -
St Kilda Historical Society
Ephemera - Flyer, Monster Patriotic Rally, 1940
Advertisement for a rally arranged by the City of St Kilda on 26 June 1940 at St Kilda Town Hall to recruit numbers and raise war savings. Printed on the reverse side is an application form for War Savings Certificates. One of the speakers at the rally was Gunner Harold Holt MHR, who later served as Prime Minister in 1966-67.Cream coloured paper, printed in blue on both sidescity of st kilda, world war ii, wwii fund-raising, harold holt -
Uniting Church Archives - Synod of Victoria
Photographic print block
Glen Iris Presbyterian Church on the corner of High Street and Allison Avenue. The foundation stone was laid by Prime Minister Mr R. G. Menzies and was opened on 21 November 1953. The Rev Leggatt was the first minister of Glen Iris Presbyterian Church and this image is on page 3 of the publication "Glen Iris Presbyterian Church Jubilee History.Head and shoulders image of Rev T. W. Leggatt, Presbyterian minister.On back: "24"glen iris presbyterian church, leggatt, t. w., rev -
Uniting Church Archives - Synod of Victoria
Photographic print block
Glen Iris Presbyterian Church on the corner of High Street and Allison Avenue. The foundation stone was laid by Prime Minister Mr R. G. Menzies and was opened on 21 November 1953. The Rev Leggatt was the first minister of Glen Iris Presbyterian Church and this image is on page 13 of the publication "Glen Iris Presbyterian Church Jubilee History.Interior of hall showing school age boys sitting on wooden benches.On back: "10"glen iris presbyterian church -
Unions Ballarat
The wit of Whitlam (Don Woodward Collection), Wells, Deane, 1976
Quotations by Gough Whitlam. Forewords to each chapter by the author. Gough Whitlam was Prime Minister (ALP) from 1972 to 1975. The Whitlam government had aspirations within a social justice and equality agenda. The government was dismissed in 1975 by the governor general - this act was unprecedented. An election followed soon after wherein the government was defeated by the Liberal Party.Anecdotal and political interest. Book; 96 pages. Front cover: black background; black and white picture of Gough Whitlam; white lettering; title. Spine: white; black lettering; author's name. btlc, ballarat trades hall, ballarat trades and labour council, whitlam, gough, dismissal - government, australian labor party, alp, politics and government, prime ministers - gough whitlam, parliament -
Ballarat Diocesan Historical Commission
Photograph, Ballarat CYMS Football Premiers 1937, 1937
The Ballarat Catholic Young Men's Society was established on 01 August 1892. The society provided sporting and debating for young men and later prime ministers Curtin and Scullin were members of the organisation, and it is where they learnt to debate. This image of the 1937 local football premiers is evidence of the sporting prowess of the members. The organisation ceased in the Ballarat Diocese in the 1940s. -
Harcourt Valley Heritage & Tourist Centre
Box wooden containing a set of 12 coloured china carpet bowls, Mid 1940s
Harcourt Methodist Church was instrumental in forming the Harcourt Carpet Bowls Association with many members common to both organisations. This commenced about 1948 and is still in existence in 2017. The bowls were used at some church social evenings in addition to being used in the Harcourt Carpet Bowls competition. Mr. William A. Carr was the prime mover in this activity. Reminds us of the rise of post-World War II community organisations to fill the social gap left by the winding up of wartime patriotic associations. Box wooden containing a set of 12 coloured china carpet bowls - -
Melbourne Legacy
Document - Speech, Finding Some One Who's Better Off . . Who had a better run. (H63), 1967
A document that includes part of a speech given by ex-Prime Minister Robert Menzies to Melbourne Legacy. It continues to outline the work of Legacy and is perhaps a draft of a document to be produced to promote Legacy. The text is used in a press release in 1975. The notation H63/1 in blue pen shows that it was part of the archive project that was trying to capture the history of Legacy. A record of document being written to promote Legacy using a speech by a prominent Australian given at a Legacy function.White foolscap paper with black type x 4 pages about the work of Legacy and referring to Robert Menzies being a guest speaker.history, speech, robert menzies -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - IAN DYETT COLLECTION: AUCTION CATALOGUE - Z C & T D GREEN BROS PTY LTD
Light red covered auction catalogue for a sale on the 15th November 1979 of Z. C. & T. D. Green Bros. Pty Ltd of Complete Prefabrication Building Construction, Joinery Machinery & Plant, Timber, Special House Removal Prime Movers and Low Loaders, Motor Vehicles, Office Furniture, General Plant and Hardware and Scrap Under Instruction from: Mr. J. M. Walsh (Official Liquidator), Wallace, McMullin & Smail. J. H. Curnow & Son Pty Ltd were the auctioneersbusiness, auctioneers, j h curnow & son pty ltd, ian dyett collection - auction catalogue - z c & t d green bros pty ltd, mr j m walsh, wallace mcmullin & smail, j h curnow & son pty ltd, f c dyett, i m dyett, bolton bros print -
Ballarat and District Irish Association
Image, Lord Spencer, c1864, 1864
John Poyntz Spencer, 5th Earl Spencer, KG, PC (27 October 1835 – 13 August 1910), known as Viscount Althorp from 1845 to 1857 (and also known as the Red Earl because of his distinctive long red beard), was a British Liberal Party politician under, and close friend of, British prime minister William Ewart Gladstone. He was twice Lord Lieutenant of Ireland. (Wikipedia) John Poyntz Spencer, 5th Earl Spencer, KG, PC (27 October 1835 – 13 August 1910), known as Viscount Althorp from 1845 to 1857 (and also known as the Red Earl because of his distinctive long red beard), was a British Liberal Party politician under, and close friend of, British prime minister William Ewart Gladstone. He was twice Lord Lieutenant of Ireland. (Wikipedia)Image of a bearded man known as Lord John Poyntz Spencer.ballarat irish, spencer, red earl, john spencer -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Photograph - Black and White - "Buy Bonds" Melbourne Double Decker Bus
Photos shows a Melbourne, MMTB, double-deck bus painted in an all-over livery for the Buy Bonds Let's fill the 3rd Liberty Loan - World War 2 campaign. Has images of Winston Churchill and Australian Prime Minister John Curtain on the side of the bus. The bus is a Leyland TD5c type. In the background is a bus with a James Motors 1925 body, which were remounted on K6 International chassis in 1942 - 1943. Photographed at North Fitzroy Depot. These buses were used to replace the cable trams in Bourke St from October 1940. John Curtain became Prime Minister on 7 October 1941 and died on 5 July 1945. The paint shop record for buses (See Reg Item 126) gives the bus number 220, that it was painted from the 2nd to the 3rd Victory Loan in Jan. 1945 and then painted to green and cream in 8/1945.Yields information about a bus decorated or painted to promote the 3rd World War loan.Set of two photographs of a MMTB double decker bus advertising Buy the World War 2, 3rd Liberty Loan.tramways, buses, mmtb, double deck buses, john curtain, winston churchill, north fitzroy bus depot, world war 2, war loans, leyland, td5c class, central bus garage, bus 220 -
Eltham District Historical Society Inc
Photograph, Heather Menzies during a visit to Eltham High School, Thursday November 5, 1953, 1953
Head Girl's Prefect, Norma Pepper standing on right, the school's Headmaster, Mr Harry Moody on left. Visit by Prime Minister Robert Menzies, Mrs Menzies and daughter Heather to Eltham High School, Thursday November 5, 1953 Herald (Melbourne, Vic. : 1861 - 1954), Thursday 5 November 1953, page 21 The PM gets bushed The Prime Minister, Mr Menzies, got lost this afternoon looking for Eltham High School - and ended up at the wrong school. After reversing several times, asking directions from two schoolboys and a truck driver, his party finally arrived over a dusty, bumpy road at the back gate of the high school. They waded through long grass up to the back of the school, while the welcoming party; and scores of local residents waited at the front gate. The Prime Minister, Mrs Menzies and their daughter Heather, were on a goodwill tour of the Deakln electorate with the Liberal Federal member, Mr F. J. Davis and Mrs Davis. FIRST SPEECH Mr Menzies told the 450 pupils, of the school about the first time he ever made a speech. "When I stood up, my mouth opened and shut and opened and shut and grew drier and drier and not a word came out," he said. "Of course, many, unkind people say I've more than made up for it since," he said. Digital file only Scanned from photographs on loaneltham high school, heather menzies, prime minister, robert gordon menzies, norma pepper, harry moody, lesley mitchell (nee pepper) collection -
Warrnambool and District Historical Society Inc.
Book, Captain James Cook, 1987
This book, written by John Hooker, contains the story of Captain Cook based on the screenplay by Peter Yeldham for the A.B.C. television production of the life of Captain James Cook. The voyages of Captain Cook are of prime importance in Australia’s history as his discoveries and positive reports of the east coast of Australia led eventually to Britain’s decision to establish a penal colony in New South Wales.This book is of significance because it was written by John Hooker, important in Warrnambool’s late 20th century history as a regular feature writer and columnist for the Warrnambool Standard newspaper. His articles, which raised moral, social and political issues from a local point of view, were widely read and admired by the residents of Warrnambool and district. Born in New Zealand, John Hooker came to Australia in 1963 and resided for a time at Killarney near Port Fairy. He was a publisher and later a full-time writer, publishing both newspaper articles and novels. This is a soft cover book of 258 pages. The cover is mainly red and blue and features on the front cover a colour photograph of Keith Michell, the actor portraying Captain Cook in the A.B.C. film production. The back cover has a summary of the life of Captain Cook and a small colour photograph of a film scene of Captain Cook with some Pacific Islanders. The book has a Prologue, three chapters and an Epiloguejohn hooker, captain james cook, history of australia, warrnambool history -
National Wool Museum
Book, 'Boss' Hurst of Geelong and Nauru: a life
"'Boss' Hurst of Geelong and Nauru: a life" - Don Chambers, 1994. Biography of Harold Hurst who was involved in the Scouting Movement in the Geelong and Western District area. He was also heavily involved in Nauru and its independence. He invented, patented and manufactured metal fasteners for wool bales and fencing. This book has been signed by the author and the then prime minister of Nauru.Don Chambers / 16 October 1994 Bernard Dowlyogo / 16.10.94wool bale clips, hurst, mr harold e. -
Unions Ballarat
In search of Billy Hughes, Horne, Donald, 1979
Biography of Billy Hughes from his early career to gaining the office of Prime Minister of Australia. He also served as an organiser for the Amalgamated Shearers' Union prior to embarking upon his political career. He belonged to five different political parties over his parliamentary career: Labor, National Labor, Nationalist, Australian, United Australia, to Liberal.Relevance to Australian political history. Pertinent to biography of Billy Hughes.Paper; book. Front cover: painting of Billy Hughes; blue lettering.Front cover: title and author's name.btlc, ballarat trades hall, ballarat trades and labour council, w. hughes, hughes, billy, prime minister, unions, amalgamated shearers' union, union organisers, politics, australian labor party, alp, national labor party, nationalist party, australian party, united australia party, liberal party australia, history, biography