Introduction /? John Henderson and David Nash Language and native title /? John Henderson Linguistic evidence and native title cases in Australia /? Peter Sutton Linguistic continuity in colonised country /? Jeanie Bell Country and the word: linguistic evidence in the Croker Sea claim /? Nicholas Evans Linguistics and the Yorta Yorta native title claim /? Heather Bowe The language of the Peak Hill Aboriginal people: a linguistic report in a native title claim /? Tamsin Donaldson Labels, language and native title groups: the Miriuwung-Gajerrong case /? Greg McIntyre and Kim Doohan Historical linguistic geography of south-east Western Australia /? David Nash Language ownership: a key issue for native title /? Michael Walsh Can lexicostatistics contribute an absolute time-scale to discussions of continuity of occupation in native title determinations? /? Barry Alpher Linguistic stratigraphy and native title: the case of ethnonyms /? Patrick McConvell Making your skin fit properly: displaced equivalence in 'skin' systems in the Barkly /? Gavan BreenMaps, tables, b&w diagramsyorta yorta, yoda yoda, yabala yabala, bangerang, shepparton, miriuwung, gajerrong, native title

Sixteen page printed report, stapled in top left hand corner, titled "Trams, Deficits move out as private buses move in", extracted from Truck and Bus Transportation March and April 1957, about the replacement of the trams in Geelong. Written by a bus person. Part 1 - Looks at the changeover from trams to buses, background to the tram service in Geelong, political issues, publicity, bus companies and areas operate, peak hour services, buses used, standards, traffic levels, miles operated, drivers viewpoints. Part II - looks at the savings by bus operations, no fare subsidies at the time, gives a table of losses on Ballarat, Bendigo and Geelong from 1931, track replacement costs, details of the three companies operating buses, Trans Otway, Benders and Corio Bus Lines and other operators in the Geelong region. Obtained by Graeme Cleak from the Internet and copy given to Gavin Young Scanned entire document and added 2/9/12. trams, tramways, geelong, buses, reports, tram bus services, closure

This nightgown is believed to have belonged to Mrs Thomas Anne Ward Cole, an early Brighton resident and wife of George Ward Cole. The item appears to have been made or altered to accommodate a pregnant belly, however purpose made maternity clothing was not common at this time. Mrs Ward-Cole’s six pregnancies took place in 1843, 1844, 1845, 1847, 1849 and 1851. The style of this garment in particular the shape of the sleeves would indicate that it is most likely to have been constructed in circa 1860, so whilst it appears to be a maternity item, and historically has been referred to as thus, this purpose cannot be confirmed. George Ward Cole was an early member of the Victorian Parliament and the family featured prominently in Melbourne Society in their time. They established a substantial home known as “St Ninians” at 10 Miller Street in 1841. The family reportedly entertained Melbourne’s first Royal visitor The Duke Of Edinburgh, Queen Victoria’s second son, at St Ninians in 1867. In later years St Ninians was subsequently subdivided and later demolishedA hand sewn ivory cotton muslin nightgown, c. 1842–1850. The bodice is made of delicately embroidered muslin in a floral design. The open flat collar features a scalloped lace frill underneath. The bodice fastens with thirteen mother of pearl buttons down the centre front. After the fourth button, the remaining buttons are concealed beneath a full gathered modesty skirt, which falls from just below the bust line. The modesty panel is secured horizontally across the bodice by six mother of pearl buttons. The sleeves finish over the back and palm of the hand in two flattened peaks. The front of the gown consisting of the modesty front is full length. The modesty gown at both sides joins two panels that are an integrated part of the bodice. At the centre back there is a very full gathered panel with lace trim that falls to create a train. It is semi-attached to the bodice with a top section secured with mother of pearl buttons and small ties. The purpose of this design feature is unknown. st ninians, george ward cole, brighton, night gown, thomas anne ward cole

Ski-Horizon is the official journal of the Federation of Victorian Ski Clubs which began publication in 1949. The were 26 original member clubs which included Albury Ski Club, Bogong Ski Club, Myrtleford Ski Club, Tallangatta and District Ski Club and Wangaratta Ski Club. Two pioneers of Falls Creek, Tom Mitchell, M.L.A., and Martin Romuld were Vice-Presidents of the Federation.This Journal is significant because it documents the early development of skiing in Victoria.The journal features stories and events chronicling developments in Victoria and internationally. Items related to the Falls Creek Area in this issue include:- Page 5 - "Toonallook" was the venue for the Albury Ski Club's pre season barbecue in June. The Albury Ski Club Ball will also be held in the "Toonallook" wool shed on 28th November. Page 7 - Toni St. Elmo has proposed that a peak on the Bogong High Plains N.W. of Mt. Nelse should be named Mt. Hillary in honour of the New Zealander's success. He also suggested a ceremony should be held during the visit of members of the New Zealand Ski team to Australia in September 1953. Page 20 - Bob Hymans, late of the French National Instructors' School, Chamonix, advertised the opening of bookings for accommodation and lessons at Falls Creek for skiers only. Fees for beginning and intermediate level skiers, conducted day tours and coaching, including accommodation and meals were set at 12 guineas. Hire of all necessary equipment could also be arranged.bob hymans, "toonallook", toni st. elmo

The photograph is taken in the RDNS Education Department at 448 St. Kilda Road, Melbourne. Mrs. Gerardi and Mr. J. Psaros are Telephone interpreters. Sr. E. Comb is learning, by role play, how best to communicate with people who have limited understanding of English. The other Sisters are observing the role play. One Sister is wearing the RDNS winter uniform of a dark blue cardigan over a light blue/grey skivvie and V neck tunic style frock made of blue/grey herringbone winter material. Sr. Perillo is wearing the RDNS summer uniform of a short sleeve white blouse under a royal blue V neck tunic style frock. The RDNS logo is seen on the upper left of the frock. The other uniforms are a royal blue dress with white piping around collars.The Trained nurses (Nurses) of the Melbourne District Nursing Society (MDNS), later known as Royal District Nursing Service (RDNS), visited patients in their home and gave best practice care in many fields of nursing, and to people of many cultures, throughout its 130 years of expansion. Initial visits not only assessed the specific nursing situation but the situation as a whole. The RDNS Trained nurses (Sisters) visited patients from many different cultural backgrounds, and Education was given to their Sisters to assist them when speaking with the patients and giving them care. Their patients ranged in age from babes, children, adults to the elderly and referrals were taken from Hospitals, General Practitioners and allied Health facilities. Some of the care the Sisters provided is as follows: – Post-Natal care given to mother and babe, Wound Care following various types of surgery, accidents, burns, cancer, leg ulcers etc. Supervising and teaching Diabetic Care, including teaching and supervising people with Diabetes to administer their own Insulin, and administering Insulin to those unable to give their own injections. Administering other injections and setting up weekly medication boxes. The Sisters performed Catheterizations on adults suffering from conditions such as Quadriplegia, Paraplegia, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Motor Neurone Disease (MND) and Guillan-Barre Syndrome, and when required at school on children for e.g. those with Spina Bifida. The Sisters visited those requiring Cystic Fibrosis support and care; those requiring Haemo-Oncology care, including visiting children at school; those requiring Home Enteral Feeding care, and those requiring IV therapy at home and home Dialysis. Palliative Care was given including pain relief with the use of syringe drivers, personal care as needed, and advice and support to both patient and family. The Sisters provided Stoma management to those needing Urostomy, Ileostomy and Colostomy care and those requiring Continence care. HIV/AIDS nursing care was provided; visits to Homeless Persons were made. Personal care was given to patients ranging in age and with varying mobility problems, such as those with MS, MND, Guillan-Barre Syndrome, Poliomyelitis, Quadriplegia, Paraplegia, Acquired Brain Injury, to those following a Cerebrovascular Accident (Stroke), those with severe Arthritis and those with a form of Dementia. When necessary the elderly were assisted with personal care and advice given on safety factors with the use of hand rails, bath or shower seats, and hand showers. Rehabilitation with an aim towards independence remained at the forefront of the Sister’s minds and when possible using aids and instruction on safe techniques enabled the person to become fully independent. All care included giving advice and support to the patient and their Carers. The Sisters liaised with the persons Doctor, Hospital and allied Health personal when necessary.In the left foreground of this black and white photograph is a side-on view of Mrs. G, Gerardi, who is wearing glasses; has dark curly hair, and is wearing a black and grey vertically striped dress. She is sitting on a chair in front of a group of RDNS Sisters sitting at small rectangular tables which are butted together. Slightly to her left rear sits Mr. J. Psaros, who has short thick dark hair; is wearing a black leather type jacket, black trousers, white shirt and dark tie. He is looking at Mrs. Gerardi. To his left sits Sister (Sr.) E. Comb, who has short dark hair and is wearing a uniform dark cardigan over a dark dress with white piping on the collar. She is facing the group and looking at Mrs. Gerardi. In the centre of the photograph is the first of the seven RDNS Sisters at tables, five in the front, and two partly hidden in the row behind; they are also looking at Mrs. Gerardi. This Sister has curly dark hair and is wearing day clothes of dark slacks and a dark top, with white circle logo, over a white blouse the peaks of which are seen. The Sister. to her right has short straight dark hair and is wearing a dark cardigan over a light grey skivvie and V neck tunic style frock. The name on a card in front of her is indistinguishable, but 'Footscray' is seen. The next, Sr. Arrisa Perillo, has short curly dark hair and is wearing a short sleeve white blouse under a dark V neck tunic style dress. Her name and the word 'Footscray' is on a card in front of her. The next Sr. has short blonde curly hair and is wearing a dark cardigan over a dark dress with white piping around the peaks of the collar. The next the Sister is partly hidden. Her name is written on a card in front of her, this is indistinguishable except for the word 'Caulfield'. A large dark handbag with light colour motif on it, sits on the light colour carpet under the front section of Sr. Perillo's table. In the background are five windows with open Venetian blinds. Barry Sutton. Quote LJ60rdns education, royal district nursing service, rdns, telephone interpreters, mrs g. gerardi, mr j. psaros, sister e. comb, sister perillo

This Carte-de-visite (CdV) taken by renowned Wangaratta based photographer William Edward Barnes previously belonged to the donor's grandfather, Daniel Mullins who was a Police Officer stationed at Glenrowan soon after the Kelly gang siege. Today, the siege has become an important part of Australian culture and Ned Kelly and the Kelly Gang (comprising of Ned Kelly, Dan Kelly, Steve Hart and Joe Byrne) has become ingrained in Australian history and mythology. A CdV is a sepia toned photograph mounted on card and is generally of a small size. This particular style was first patented by Andre Adolphe Eugene Disdéri (1819-1889) in 1854. In 1857, the CdV was introduced to England and after photographs of Queen Victoria, Prince Albert and their family were taken using CdV in 1860 the popularity of this method reached a peak. In this photograph, eight men stand along the railway line near Glenrowan. The photo dates to shortly after 1880 and references the attempt by the Kelly gang to derail a police train in June 1880 on those very tracks. Ultimately, this plan failed and the police train was never derailed. Ned Kelly and the Kelly gang took their final stand at Glenrowan which has been immortalised through Australian popular culture.This photograph is part of the Burke Museum "Kelly album" which includes a significant collection of photographs and artefacts connected to Ned Kelly and the Kelly Gang. Ned Kelly and his gang have become ingrained in Australian popular culture and thus many museums, art galleries and private collections house material connected to the Kelly story which allows the events and people to be researched and interpreted. Artefacts and photographs pertaining to the Kelly gang are particularly valuable for Australian museums. This particular photograph is significant for its connection to Wangaratta based photographer William Edward Barnes and to the Glenrowan Siege of June 1880. Taken at an unknown time, after the siege at Glenrowan, this image depicts eight gentlemen standing about the railway line near Glenrowan. This is a reference to the Kelly gang's plan to derail a train which would barrel up to Glenrowan after news reached Melbourne that Aaron Sherritt had been shot by Joe Byrne in the Woolshed Valley. This image is important for its artistic information that it can provide about the Kelly story and the fashion and streetscape of Glenrowan.This sepia coloured Carte de Visite is attached to yellow cardboard. The obverse of the photo depicts the railway line near Glenrowan around 1880s. The rails are positioned in the centre of the image and are made on an incline of earth. In the foreground are three men, two standing next to the rails and one slightly off to the right of the image. In the background are trees which line the side of the rails and slightly in front of these trees is a group of five men standing on the rails. The reverse of the image is yellow card and contains printed and pencil writing. The printed writing is in the centre of the card. It reveals that the photographer was William E Barnes from Wangaratta. The pencil writing provides the inscription stating that the photo was taken near Glenrowan around the time of Ned Kelly.Pencil: Railway line near / Glen Rowan / Kelly's time / Printed: W. E. Barnes / Photographer / Wangaratta / BMM 8089 /kelly album, glenrowan, glenrowan siege, carte-de-visite, glenrowan railway, ned kelly, kelly gang, last stand, colonial australia, kelly siege, train, railway line, railway, sepia, photography, william e barnes, william barnes

W.D & H.O.Wills (Australia) Ltd began manufacturing tobacco products in 1913 at its Raleigh Park factory in Kensington, Sydney. In 1945 an estate of 16 acres was purchased at East Bentleigh, Melbourne, with a further 22 acres purchased later and the Virginia Park manufacturing branch was established. The 1950s were to be one of the most successful decades in the company’s history and it enjoyed a peak of 83 per cent market share in 1954. But this was also a period of increased competition as Phillip Morris and Rothmans entered the Australian tobacco market. By 1972, increased competition meant that the company’s market share had slipped to 39%. By the time tobacco advertising was banned on Australian radio and television in 1976, Wills' market share had fallen a further 6%. In 1985 Wills combined the separate factory operations in Sydney and in Melbourne into one site at Pagewood, Sydney which took on the name Virginia Park. In 1989 W.D & H.O.Wills (Australia) became a subsidiary of the British American Tobacco Industries group of companies. 1999 British American Tobacco merged with global competitor Rothmans International. Rothmans in Australia and Wills merged to form the wholly-owned subsidiary British American Tobacco Australia. The merger left British American Tobacco Australia, Phillip Morris and Imperial Tobacco Australia A tin with a hinged lid for 'Champion' Tobacco flakesCHAMPION / HIGHEST GRADE / CUT TOBACCO / MANUFACTURED BY / THE BRITISH AUSTRALIAN TOBACCO CO.PTY.LTDtobacco, cigarettes, brittish australian tobacco co. pty. ltd., moorabbin, bentleigh, cheltenham, early settlers, , wd &h.o.wills pty. ltd., east bentleigh, kensington , virginia park east bentleigh, champion flake tobacco

She was a guest house called "Myrtlebank" and she was a very gracious old residence in a near perfect setting, surrounded by the towering peaks of the Grampian Mountains in Victoria. She was visited by thousands in her time, many of whom returned year after year to enjoy her hospitality. I first visited her 40 years ago and she won my heart from the moment I saw her. In those days, guest houses were in their prime - motels were unheard of. To this day, I can recall the delicious meals at "Myrtlebank" with pure country cream and home grown produce featuring largely. All the guests would gather in the enormous sitting rooms warmed by huge log fires in colder weather and , in the evenings, all sorts of games would be played, charades being first favourite with young and old alike. Several days a week a bus would pick up guests, along with those from other guest houses, and surrounding areas would be visited. Mostly, though, we walked - sometimes right across behind the Wonderland Range to Mount Victory. Now, "Myrtlebank" is no more. The site where she once stood is at the bottom of the Bellfield Lake, covered forever with fathoms of water. But I and many others will always remember and love her. Letter to paper with photograph of MyrtlebankSubmitted by Mrs O. Woolcock, Tottenham Vic who won $15 prize describing accomodation for guests at Myrtlebankaccommodation, guesthouses, myrtlebank

This camera was made for the mobile photographer and the camera manufacturer Kodak was at the peak of production. Mr. George Eastman, the company's founder, who invented roll film, which could withstand the outdoor activities and therefor replaced photographic plates. In 1900, the Box Brownie camera was first released Kodak's motto was' "You push the button, we do the rest," The film used in this camera was Kodak Verichrome 620 introduced in 1936 and only went out of production 2009. This camera was a vintage 1970s one. Between 1963 and 1970 the company sold 50 million of this type of camera. The production of smaller and more user friendly digital cameras, mainly from Japan finally nailed the coffin lid on the Kodak Company. Ironically, one of Kodak's engineers called Steve Sasson, devised a camera that could save images using electronic circuits. The images were transferred onto a tape cassette and were viewable by attaching the camera to a TV screen, however Kodak tried to maintain its photographic film products beyond its "use by date". In1975 Kodak becomes the first company to make a digital camera, however the Japanese manufacturers could make smaller and more compact cameras ending Kodak's monopoly and eventual demise.This particular "box brownie" was used by Margaret Shefford, nee Turner, who with her husband retired, in the 1980s, to Mount Beauty. The camera was purchased in the 197's and used on their cruise to England. The significance of this item is that at the time of its introduction to Mount Beauty the camera was a "state of the art", for general public, camera introduced by an ever increasing influx of retirees. This identifies the Kiewa Valley not only as an attraction for sightseers and overseas tourists but also retirees. The social implications of this trend will continue to provide a broader requirement for medical and other facilities geared up to the requirements of an aging population. As a lot of cities in Australia have increasing levels of violence (mainly drug related) rural "retreats" are becoming more sought after by sections of "the gentle populous"This is a black metal rectangular camera, rounded on the ends and has silver colored fittings(stainless steel) and a small leather handle on hinges the left side (facing the lens). The folding lens and shutter component fold out from the main compartment. Two metal arms swing out and hold the lens and collapsible lens body to the required length. When not in use this collapsible (folding) lens extension is fastened to the main body structure providing security and preventing damage to the folding material. The camera has a collapsible eye piece or view finder at the top end. The right hand bottom end has a cylindrical film wider (polished steel). Inside there are two cylindrical cavities, one holding the roll of unexposed film and the other (winder) end a cylinder onto which the unexposed film is wound through for each picture frame. There is a locking mechanism to hold the folding lens structure to the main box structure. See KVHS 0419B for its carrying caseNo external makings but when the lens is folded out it exposes manufacturing information on metal base around the lens " Kodette II B I shutter"(B= Bulb and I= Instant), underneath this, in larger print, is "'FOLDING 'BROWNIE' SIX - 20" below the lens and in smaller print, "made in Great Britain" and underneath this "by KODAK ltd"kodak kodette ii, folding brownie camera, photography, hobby personal item, tourist gadgets.

Frank Patrick Golding (1938 - ) This item is part of the Federation University Art Collection. The Art Collection features over 1000 works and was listed as a 'Ballarat Treasure' in 2007. Frank Golding is an author, researcher, historian, consultant: Honorary Senior Research Fellow at Federation University in Victoria, Australia. His formal qualifications are TPTC (Ballarat), BA (Melb), BEd (Melb), Dip MT (UNE), MA (Hons) (London). He has taught English and History in several schools. Frank Golding was employed as Principal at three schools including a multi-site English language centre for refugees and other new arrivals. Later he taught in and managed curriculum and equity programs in education departments and universities. Finally he is the author of 12 published books including a memoir, An Orphan’s Escape: Memories of a Lost Childhood (Lothian, 2005) which describes his childhood as a Ward of the State of Victoria in the ‘care’ of three foster mothers and three institutions. Golding lived in the Ballarat Orphanage from 1943 to 1953. It is his childhood experiences that underpin Golding's active involvement in ‘care’ leaver issues as an advocate and lobbyist. Golding is a Life Member of CLAN (Care Leavers of Australasia Network) the peak body of Care Leavers for Care leavers run by Care Leavers.Image of bird on 1/2 orange citrus fruit - a play on childhood memory of oranges at 3/4 timeSignature on label on backart, artwork, frank golding, bird, federation college, photography, colour photography, alumni

.1) Albert BOLDISTON, No. 747 enlisted 02/11/1916 ANZAC cyclist Batt. then 37th Bn. Discharged 29/01/1919. .2) Letter is to "Mr & Mrs DILLON from Pte. J. BURKE No. 3477 21st Batt. A.I.F", dated 17/02/1916. .3)-.10) These are "Daily mail official war pictures". Series 18. Albert Boldiston No 747 enlisted in the AIF in reinforcements 7 Anzac Cyclist Batt on 2.11.1916 age 24 years. Embarked for England 16.12.1916, transfer to 8th Batt 7.3.1917, embark for France 14.6.1917, transfer to 37th Batt 29.6.1917, hospital accidental injury (sprained ankle) 5.7.1917, rejoin unit 10.9.1917, hospital 18.11.1917 with Trench Feet, rejoin unit 13.6.1918, WIA 10.8.1918 GSW left wrist (through the joint) return to Australia 20.10.1918, discharged from the AIF 29.1.1919. Joseph Martin Burke No 3477 enlisted in the AIF in 8th reinforcements 21st Batt on 16.7.1915 age 21 years 4 months. Embark for Egypt 29.12.1915, transfer to 60th Batt 26.2.1916, then 57th 21.3.1916, then 13th FAB (Artillery) 27.3.1916, embark for France 16.6.1916, transfer to 25th FAB 9.7.1916 then 13th FAB 24.1.1917, hospital England while on leave 29.10.1918 with Influenza, return to Australia 21.12.1918 re the Influenza for discharge, discharged from the AIF 21.3.1919..1) Photo, B&W on cardboard, group of soldiers (20) seated outside building. Albert BOLDISTON is on 2nd left front row. .2) Postcard photo, B&W, soldier in peak cap standing. Letter on rear in ink from J.M. BURKE. .3) Postcard photo, B&W featuring "King George" in a gun pit. .4) Postcard photo, B&W featuring "Australian heavy gun at work". .5) Postcard photo, B&W featuring "Australians loading a trench mortar". .6) Postcard photo, B&W showing a camouflaged troopship. .7) Postcard photo, B&W, soldier keeping a lookout in trench. .8) Postcard photo, B&W showing "An observation balloon". .9) Postcard photo, B&W showing wounded waiting for the field ambulance. .10) Postcard photo, B&W showing "Australian gunners at work". .11) Card, yellow with black print both sides relating to a 37th Batt. 1st & 2nd A.I.F reunion "Whippbang 1950"..5) "Troopship in port".photography-photographs, military history - army

Long lily-pointed sleeves, fastened at the wrist with six X 0ne cm covered buttons and loops. A firm padded roll 19cm long, and eleven cm circumference sits at the shoulder at top of sleeve. A gathered panel on either side of the neckline forms a sweetheart neckline. Gathering under the bust, and a A shaped centre front panel - with V shape at lower edge-panel 33cm long. Two semi-circular panels 28 X 19cm from side seam to the centre front, and defining the shape of the peaked centre panel. A small inverted pleat comes from th ebottom peak of the centre panel. Skirt is circular and extends into a sweeping train.29 covered buttons with loops extend from the back neckline to the curved join at the hipline of bodice and skirt. A one cm band of fabric has been machine stitched around the hemline, and hand rolled and hand stitched to give weight and finish at the hemline. Two X 2.5cm loops, hand stitched are at the left and right sides, to slip over the fingers to hold the train above the ground.costume, female, cream wedding dress with extended train

This photograph is taken in the Melbourne District Nursing Service (MDNS) Footscray Centre and shows a Sister receiving sterilized equipment from a Sister in the Autoclave room. The Sister receiving the equipment will use this when giving specific nursing care to a patient in her home.Melbourne District Nursing Service (MDNS), later called Royal District Nursing Service (RDNS), had an Autoclave room in each Centre where Catheter trays, dressing trays, as well as dressing packs and gowns and towels were sterilized for their Trained staff (Sisters) to take to the home when attending to a patient who required specific nursing care. When the Sisters returned to the Centre they cleaned the equipment and set up the trays ready for re-sterilizing. On the right of the black and white photograph is a Melbourne District Nursing Service (MDNS) Sister, wearing a white gown over her grey uniform, with peaks showing, and wearing her grey peaked hat over her short dark hair. She is smiling as she is handing sterilized equipment through the opened sliding window of the sterilizing room. The Sister receiving the equipment is to the left in the next room. She is wearing her grey uniform coat and peaked hat over her short dark curled hair, and is standing against a row of cupboards with their bench top at the level of the sliding window. To her right, a rectangular metal basket sits on the bench top; a white drape is in the basket and another to its right. A four pronged walking stick stands on the floor to her right hand side. At the rear left a small table is against the wall with a small grey square tapering rubbish bin beneath it. The edge of the open door can be seen on the far left. In the foreground some of the cupboards, and part of a wall with an electric switch can be seen.Photographer's stamp. Quote No. GX 6 Handwritten informationmelbourne district nursing service, mdns, royal district nursing service, rdns, rdns equipment, sterilizing, rdns centre

This photograph is taken in the Sterilizing room in the Royal District Nursing Service (RDNS) Footscray Centre. Sister Short is closing the door of the Autoclave to sterilize equipment and dressings which will then be used by a RDNS Sister when she is visiting a patient in the community. Sterilizing of equipment and dressings were carried out at each RDNS Centre. Royal District Nursing Service (RDNS) supplied sterilized equipment, such as ready set up catheter trays and dressing trays, as well as dressing packs for their trained staff (Sisters) to take to the home when attending to specific patient care. When the Sisters returned to the Centre they washed and set up the trays again ready for re-sterilization. Each RDNS Centre had an Autoclave room and equipment and dressings were sterilized each day.Black and white photograph showing Royal District Nursing Service (RDNS), Sister Margaret Short, who has short dark hair, and is wearing a white gown over her uniform, with the grey peaks seen. She is using the Autoclave in the Sterilizing room. The tall rectangular metal sterilizer stands in the centre of the photograph. There are several small dials and a larger square dial on its upper left, with a long encased thermometer in the centre and a large round dial to its right. Below this is the partly open large metal door of the sterilizing section. A thick horizontal metal piece runs from the left side of the sterilizer, across, and attached at the centre, of the door. Sister Short has her left hand on the turning bar attached to the centre section, and her right hand is on the locking section as she closes the door. Below the door are two switches and several small dials. To the left of the sterilizer is a cabinet, and to the right of Sister Short, eight small wrapped dressing packs are on a shelf. At the rear of the photograph the wall goes halfway up, with windows above.Photographer's Stamp. Quote No. GX 12 Handwritten informationroyal district nursing service, rdns, footscray centre, sterilizing, sister margaret short

Woolshed is a small area about five kilometres north west of Beechworth, and almost about 225km north east of Melbourne. When gold was discovered at the nearby Spring Creek in February 1852, Woolshed was one of three settlements set up to house miners and their families. At its peak in 1857, Woolshed was also populated by 29 storekeepers and 14 hotels, as well as the Woolshed State School, which stood near where this photograph was taken. The school often played host to public meetings, as well as a public dance in 1897. The school was subject to some controversy in 1874 when one parent complained about the head of the school in the local newspaper, the Owens and Murray Advertiser, and at least three letters to the editor were exchanged between the two. According to the parent, C. O'Donoghue was not providing enough amusement for the children and was disrespectful to parents and staff. When the State Governor, Sir Reginald Talbot, visited Beechworth in 1906, the school organised a celebratory welcome. The Woolshed State School was ultimately closed in 1922 as miners had exhausted the Spring Creek gold supply and were moving elsewhere. This photograph, taken in about 2000, shows the trees that grew on or near the site of the original school. The Woolshed State School Honour Roll, with a list of the men from the school who served in the First World War, also still exists. It is stored in the Beechworth RSL as of 2015.This photograph is significant for its connection to an important site in Beechworth's gold mining history. Woolshed served a significant community of miners, with a population of at least 138 according to the 1911 census, with families that needed the school site to ensure their children's education. The image is also useful for prompting discussion about how Beechworth has changed over time, with the photograph taken 78 years after the school closed down.A colour rectangular photograph printed on glossy photographic paper.Woolshed State. / School site / 2000 / - remnant trees / / cobeechworth, burke museum, school, education, trees, nature, state school, woolshed, gold mining, teachers, over time, owens and murray advertiser, public meetings, public dance, c. o'donoghue, spring creek, state governor, sir reginald talbot, miners, honour roll, world war 1

In July of 1880, Ann Jones' successful hotel in Glenrowan burnt to the ground during the Kelly siege. She had opened her business in the year prior having been unsuccessful in her attempt to run a tea-room business in Wangaratta. The first building on this particular site was the home Ann Jones had built for herself and her family. Two years later she converted the home and added the hotel to the rear of the structure. One year later it was burnt to the ground. This image depicts the police station in 1882 on what would have been the site of Ann Jones' hotel. This Carte-de-viste (CdV) taken by renowned Wangaratta based photographer William Edward Barnes previously belonged to the donor's grandfather, Daniel Mullins who was a Police Officer stationed at Glenrowan soon after the Kelly gang siege. Today, the siege has become an important part of Australian culture and Ned Kelly and the Kelly Gang (comprising of Ned Kelly, Dan Kelly, Steve Hart and Joe Byrne) has become ingrained in Australian history and mythology. A CdV is a sepia toned photograph mounted on card and is generally of a small size. This particular style was first patented by Andre Adolphe Eugene Disdéri (1819-1889) in 1854. In 1857, the CdV was introduced to England and after photographs of Queen Victoria, Prince Albert and their family were taken using CdV in 1860 the popularity of this method reached a peak.This photograph is part of the Burke Museum "Kelly album" which includes a significant collection of photographs and artefacts connected to Ned Kelly and the Kelly Gang. Ned Kelly and his gang have become ingrained in Australian popular culture and thus many museums, art galleries and private collections house material connected to the Kelly story which allows the events and people to be researched and interpreted. Artefacts and photographs pertaining to the Kelly gang are particularly valuable for Australian museums. This particular photograph is significant for its connection to Wangaratta based photographer William Edward Barnes and to the Glenrowan Siege and Ann Jones' Hotel which burnt down during the siege in June 1880. Taken in 1882, this photograph has the opportunity to provide information about the townscape of Glenrowan shortly after the siege. It also provides important insight into the architecture and layout of the town. To the far right of the image, the photograph depicts the police station which was built on the site of Ann Jones' Hotel which can provide important information for the Kelly story and how the town evolved following 1880. It is also interesting to emphasise that the police station was built on the site of Ned Kelly and the Kelly gang's last stand.Sepia coloured photograph with a faded appearance. Image depicts four policemen with three standing and one sitting on a chair outside the Glenrowan police station. The station takes up the majority of the image and is placed in the centre of the photo. The four men are positioned on the left side of the station. The station is a large building with a gabled roof and extensions built into the veranda on either side. In between these extensions, the property has a white picket fence which runs from the extensions directly beneath the veranda enclosing the front of the structure. The letters 1, 2, 3, 4 are written on the yellow paper on which the image is situated and relate to the images in the photo. The reverse of the photo provides the names of each policeman and reveals the image as being from the collection of William E Barnes a Wangaratta based photographer.Obverse: 1. 2. 3. 4. Reverse: No. 1. is Mullins, D. G. / 2. Lord, Edward. / 3. Millar, Allex. / 4. Hedberg, O. G. / All Comrades / Glenrowan Police Station / 1 August 1882 / W. E. Barnes / Photographer / Wangaratta /kelly album, william barnes, wangaratta photographer, carte-de-viste, glenrowan, 1882, police station, ann jones inn, ann jones hotel, kelly siege, glenrowan siege, colonial australia, ned kelly, steve hart, joe byrne, william e barnes

View of Kangaroo Ground Tower from the entrance gate area beside the footpath (Contained in an album originally put together by Harry Gilham. Photos subsequently relocated to photosafe archival storage.) On November 11th 1926 the Shire of Eltham War Memorial Tower at Kangaroo Ground was opened. It is regarded as one of Melbourne’s most outstanding lookout towers. It commands a magnificent 360 degree panorama from Kinglake across the Diamond Valley to Macedon and the You Yangs. It is built on a peak which was once a volcano, 237 metres above sea level. After World War one a memorial cairn was erected on the site, and in 1925 a committee of public-minded citizens began to plan for a tower. Many generous donations of material and money were forthcoming so that in 1926 the Governor General Lord Stonehaven was able to unveil the plaque before a crowd of 500 people. There was some concern in the 1960s when the Forests Commission wanted to build a firespotters cabin on the top. At first R.S.L. branches opposed the idea, but it was realised that this use could combine with its use as a tourist attraction, and would ensure its maintenance for the future, Today the Kangaroo Ground tower provides one of the best views around Melbourne and is a fitting memorial to those who died in two world wars. From: Historic items for Diamond Valley Community Radio September 1990 (EDHS collection) Colour photographgarden hill, kangaroo ground, memorial park, shire of eltham war memorial, shire of eltham war memorial tower, war memorial tower

The Masons patent of Nov 30th, 1858 phrase was originally embossed on countless glass fruit jars and canning jars, most ranging in age from circa 1858 to the mid-1910s. John Landis Mason was awarded patent No 22186, issued on November 30, 1858, by the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office it was termed an "Improvement in screw-neck bottles", for his invention concerning the process of creating a threaded screw-type closure on bottles and jars. Similar screw-threading had been done before on some bottles, but the process of forming the upper lip area of the container so that it was smooth, even, and sturdy enough for a lid of standard size to be screwed thereon was difficult and expensive to do properly, often with unsatisfactory results. His improvement revolutionized home canning in the United States and many other countries. In any case, throughout the next 60-odd years, production of jars with the Nov. 30, 1858 embossing continued at a high rate, with untold tens of millions being produced. The phrase was soon considered an important marketing device, adding to the perception of quality and reliability of the container to the average consumer. This perception continued to at least 1879 21 years after the patent was issued, nearly every glass bottle factory was likely producing their version. The 1880s and 1890s likely saw the peak of popularity of these jars. A considerable percentage have a mold number or letter on the base, a means of identifying the particular mold in use at the factory.An early item used in most kitchens by women who preserved fruit and vegetables before the arrival of refrigeration giving a snapshot into the domestic lives of families during the late 19th to early 20th century's and how they preserved food for later use without refrigeration. Preserving jar, glass, with metal screw top lid. Glass has side seams, impurities and slightly concave base. It has been hand blown into a mould. Inscription is moulded into glass. Moulded into glass: MASON'S / PATENT / NOV 30TH / 1838"warrnambool, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, food preserving, mason jar, john landis mason, domestic container, glass jar, fruit & vegetable jar, domestic jar, food preparation, handmade glass, blown glass

The Masons patent of Nov 30th, 1858 phrase was originally embossed on countless glass fruit jars and canning jars, most ranging in age from circa 1858 to the mid-1910s. John Landis Mason was awarded patent No 22186, issued on November 30, 1858, by the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office it was termed an "Improvement in screw-neck bottles", for his invention concerning the process of creating a threaded screw-type closure on bottles and jars. Similar screw-threading had been done before on some bottles, but the process of forming the upper lip area of the container so that it was smooth, even, and sturdy enough for a lid of standard size to be screwed thereon was difficult and expensive to do properly, often with unsatisfactory results. His improvement revolutionized home canning in the United States and many other countries. In any case, throughout the next 60-odd years, production of jars with the Nov. 30, 1858 embossing continued at a high rate, with untold tens of millions being produced. The phrase was soon considered an important marketing device, adding to the perception of quality and reliability of the container to the average consumer. This perception continued to at least 1879 21 years after the patent was issued, nearly every glass bottle factory was likely producing their version. The 1880s and 1890s likely saw the peak of popularity of these jars. A considerable percentage have a mold number or letter on the base, a means of identifying the particular mold in use at the factory.An early item used in most kitchens by women who preserved fruit and vegetables before the arrival of refrigeration giving a snapshot into the domestic lives of families during the late 19th to early 20th century's and how they preserved food for later use without refrigeration. Preserving glass jar. Glass lip with metal screw top lid. Inscription pressed into glass."Mason's Patent Nov 30th 1858"warrnambool, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, food preserving, mason jar, john landis mason, domestic container, glass jar, fruit & vegetable jar, food storage, preserving jar

This jacket and cap were designed by Rosalie 'Rosa' Kiessling about 1967. They formed part of the Fashion Group Inc's Walkabout Tour of the USA in 1967 which aimed to promote Australian fashion design in America. German by birth Rosalie, grew up skiing and ice skating, studied fashion design in Munich and worked designing women’s ski wear and lingerie before migrating to Australia via New Zealand in 1939 with her husband. As skiing increased in popularity following the end of WWII, Rosalie’s business grew reaching its peak during the 1960s. Though it was never large; at most she employed three staff. Her designs featured in the pages of Australian Vogue, Flair and the Women’s Weekly throughout the 1960s and received coverage from newspapers in Australia, New Zealand the United States. Rosalie was closely involved with the Swiss Club of Victoria, the Australian Wool Board and the Fur Traders Association, participating in numerous fashion shows and awards run by these groups. In the late 1960s she became involved with the Melbourne Branch of the Fashion Group Inc, a worldwide non-commercial association of women involved in the fashion industry. Rosalie continued to design and manufacture fashionable but functional ski wear until the late 1970s, although increasing imports from large overseas manufactures and constant new innovations in fabric technology made it difficult for her to compete in a relatively small industry. This ski jacket and cap illustrate Rosalie Kiessling's emphasis on practical glamour. She was the first Australian ski wear manufacturer to bring high fashion to ski wear design; which though common in the boutiques of St Mortiz, Chamonix and St Anton was new to Australia. The use of an Australian wildflower motif and of these pieces in the Fashion Group's Walkabout Tour also speak to her involvement in and promotion of the Australian fashion industry during the 1960s.Ski jacket and matching cap appliqued with Australian wildflowers.Noneskiing, ski clothing, fashion design, australian fashion, australian flora

These Wodonga photos are part of a collection donated by Miss Olive Codling. Arthur Dunstan Arthur Dunstan established mills at Red Bluff on the Mitta and a timber yard at Wodonga. He also built a sawmill at Glen Wills in 1931 which operated for about 16 years. A larger and more modern sawmill with drying kilns was erected at Eskdale in 1947. He was contracted to build Wodonga’s Municipal sale yards in 1935, followed by the Wangaratta sale yards. This created so many forward orders that he bought a large block of land on the corner of Beechworth and Tallangatta Roads and opened a timber mill and hardware store. The business stood on this corner for about 40 years. A large proportion of the company's timber output was processed at the Wodonga yards into flooring, weatherboards, mouldings etc. and practically the whole output was distributed locally and throughout the Riverina and eastern areas of New South Wales, and Canberra. At its peak Dunstan’s was one of the biggest sawmilling businesses in Victoria and in Wodonga employed 150 people and milled l6,000,000 super feet of timber annually. A super foot is a measurement for timber, equal to one foot square by one inch thick. Arthur Dunstan also built Tower Place in High Street. He died in Wodonga in 1963 and the business was continued on by his sons. Dunstan’s timber yards in Wodonga were sold to Ezerd Industries in 1987 with the retail section being bought by BBC Hardware.This photo collection is significant as it documents how the businesses and buildings in Wodonga have evolved and contributed to community throughout the 20th century.The first business at this location was a timber will and hardware store established by Arthur Dunstan in 1935. It operated there for about 40 years. Businesses from left to right: Dry Cleaner, Delicatessen, Twin Cities Fruit & Vege Market, Ollies Family Restaurant, Victoria Star Hot Bread Kitchen, Trophies and Gifts, and Horseland. This area is not referred to as Southside and the former Horseland premises are not occupied by an Italian restaurant.wodonga businesses, dunstan's corner wodonga, thomas mitchell drive

These Wodonga photos are part of a collection donated by Miss Olive Codling. Arthur Dunstan Arthur Dunstan established mills at Red Bluff on the Mitta and a timber yard at Wodonga. He also built a sawmill at Glen Wills in 1931 which operated for about 16 years. A larger and more modern sawmill with drying kilns was erected at Eskdale in 1947. He was contracted to build Wodonga’s Municipal sale yards in 1935, followed by the Wangaratta sale yards. This created so many forward orders that he bought a large block of land on the corner of Beechworth and Tallangatta Roads and opened a timber mill and hardware store. The business stood on this corner for about 40 years. A large proportion of the company's timber output was processed at the Wodonga yards into flooring, weatherboards, mouldings etc. and practically the whole output was distributed locally and throughout the Riverina and eastern areas of New South Wales, and Canberra. At its peak Dunstan’s was one of the biggest sawmilling businesses in Victoria and in Wodonga employed 150 people and milled l6,000,000 super feet of timber annually. A super foot is a measurement for timber, equal to one foot square by one inch thick. Arthur Dunstan also built Tower Place in High Street. He died in Wodonga in 1963 and the business was continued on by his sons. Dunstan’s timber yards in Wodonga were sold to Ezerd Industries in 1987 with the retail section being bought by BBC Hardware.This photo collection is significant as it documents how the businesses and buildings in Wodonga have evolved and contributed to community throughout the 20th century.The first business at this location was a timber will and hardware store established by Arthur Dunstan in 1935. It operated there for about 40 years. In this photo Horseland occupies the corner premises including a video outlet. On the left is the Victoria Star Hot Bread Kitchen. This area is now know as Southside.wodonga businesses, dunstan's corner wodonga, thomas mitchell drive

Clothing. Three quarter length sleeves, finished on the outside with a peak, outlined with tiny pink, glass beads-13 cm long. The inner side of the sleeve has three rows of gathering 13 cm long. A peaked collar at the front neckline is also edged with tiny pink glass beads, and tapers in shape at the back opening. This opening is 56 cm long and fastens with 1.2 cm covered buttons and loops, (31 buttons in total). The back centre panel is peaked at the lower edge. Side panels are ggathered at the side seam, and also as they join the front and back centre panels. Circular skirt. A beaded floral motif is stitched to the centre front panel, midway between neck edge and waist. Centre panels extend below the waist at both front and back. An underarm ''protector panel'' under the left armhole with printed motif. Tiny glass beads, beaded flower panels. On underarm protection panel a circular shaped printed label reads: PERFECT FITTING GUARANTEED HYGENIC, REGD. ''ADMYRA''. MADE IN ENGLAND, RUBBER LINED 1585 3- DRESS SHIELDS COTTON AND RUBBER.costume, female, ladies cream synthetic fabric dress

Set of three foolscap size sheets, for ARE/ARHS/AREA (Vintage Train) Tour to Ballarat, on Sunday 5 September 1971, the last day of the Mount Pleasant, Gardens Via St. West Lines. 1. - Welcome Aboard circular - printed both sides on pink paper - which involved the running of two trains, special bus and tram arrangements at Ballarat, for the visit to Sovereign Hill. Gives details of the tram timetables, for the afternoon, train departure times, lunch arrangements and notes on bus and tram running if peak loads encountered. 2nd copy ex Peter Winspur, added 11/1/2007. 2. Victorian Railways S Circular, or special train notice, S2188/71, three pages giving list of special trains, altered platform arrangements at Flinders St., train schedules, alterations to goods trains, light engine movements, loads, motive power and tickets. Signed by J.C. Crute as Chief Traffic Manager. Dated 27/8/1971. See Reg Item 3442 for the booking circular and form. Images of document added 27-08-12.Notes on page 2 by W.Doubleday of trams operating and some notes.arhs, are, area, ballarat, special trains

Rossi Boots started in 1910 when Arthur Edward Rossiter resigned from his position as a supervisor at the Adelaide Boot Company and started Rossiters Ltd in a small tin shed in his backyard. A larger factory was needed so the first of three stages of a factory was built. During the Second World War Rossi Boots was a major supplier to the military making hundreds of thousands of boots that saw service in various theatres including New Guinea. The war years saw the number of employees peak at around five hundred. As methods of manufacturing footwear changed as petroleum-based products such as glues, rubbers and plastics have replaced the traditional ones of leather, nails, and threads. More modern machinery was introduced to directly mould soles to the bottom of the boot. At the end of 1987, the company moved from Unley to Hilton this move allowed production to be carried out in a more modern, fit-for-purpose factory. Since then the company has continued to change; introducing computer-controlled machines for cutting, sewing, and attaching soles. These changes occurred whilst many of Rossi's competitors moved offshore. Whilst the introduction of these machines reduced the number of local staff, it has enabled Rossi Boots to continue to manufacture in Australia. In March 2019 Rossi Boots relocated the factory, warehouse, and headquarters from Hilton to Kilburn, South Australia. This move to a new, expansive location allows Rossi Boots to continue manufacturing in South Australia housing all operations under one roof. The items are significant as they show the beginnings of an important manufacturer and innovator that is still in the original founding family's ownership and is producing boots today with exports to many countries. Boots leather lace up brownNonewarrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village

On November 11th 1926 the Shire of Eltham War Memorial Tower at Kangaroo Ground was opened. It is regarded as one of Melbourne’s most outstanding lookout towers. It commands a magnificent 360 degree panorama from Kinglake across the Diamond Valley to Macedon and the You Yangs. It is built on a peak which was once a volcano, 237 metres above sea level. After World War one a memorial cairn was erected on the site, and in 1925 a committee of public-minded citizens began to plan for a tower. Many generous donations of material and money were forthcoming so that in 1926 the Governor General Lord Stonehaven was able to unveil the plaque before a crowd of 500 people There was some concern in the 1960s when the Forests Commission wanted to build a firespotters cabin on the top. At first R.S.L. branches opposed the idea, but it was realised that this use could combine with its use as a tourist attraction, and would ensure its maintenance for the future. Today the Kangaroo Ground tower provides one of the best views around Melbourne and is a fitting memorial to those who died in two world wars. From: Historic items for Diamond Valley Community Radio September 1990 (EDHS collection) On November 8th, 1951, the memorial was re-dedicated by the Governor of Victoria, Sir Dallas Brooks with the addition of the names of men from the Shire of Eltham who fell in the Second World War. Further wreaths were added subsequent to this image in time for the 2001 Reembrance Day service to commemorate the men from th shire who had fallen in the Malayan, Korean, Borneo and Vietnam campaigns. Sepia photograph showing two ladies standing in front of the towergarden hill, kangaroo ground, kangaroo ground memorial, memorial park, shire of eltham war memorial tower, war memorial

Apollo Bay is a coastal town in southwestern Victoria. It is situated on the eastern side of Cape Otway, along the edge of the Barham River and on the Great Ocean Road, in the Colac Otway Shire. The original township was surveyed in 1853 and named Middleton. In 1881 the town was renamed Krambruk which was changed to Apollo Bay in 1898. The Krambruk Police Station was opened on 7 March 1888 in the Southern District on land opposite the site of the current Mechanics' Institute and changed its name to the Apollo Bay Police Station on 1 September 1990. It came under the Barwon District in 1948 and "Lima" Western District from 4 March 1990. In 1930 the police station was located to 29 Nelson Street. It was a seven-roomed weather-board dwelling on three-quarters of an acre of land. It consisted of six rooms of pine, lined and painted; one pantry; one bathroom and wash-house; one hall; one office and one W.C.. There was stabling for one horse and one cell for prisoners. It was staffed by one Mounted Constable. In the early 1970s land was acquired at 31 Nelson Street and a new police station was constructed. This was a three-roomed brick building with a cell block at the rear. By the time it closed in 2005 it had been extended twice. On 17 November 2006 the current Apollo Bay Police Station opened in its current location at 35a Nelson Street, on the corner of Cartwight Street). Outside the peak summer season, the station is open 16 hours per day and staffed by one sergeant and five other members. 3 black & white photos and 2 coloured photospolice stations; apollo bay police station

On November 11th 1926 the Shire of Eltham War Memorial Tower at Kangaroo Ground was opened. It is regarded as one of Melbourne’s most outstanding lookout towers. It commands a magnificent 360 degree panorama from Kinglake across the Diamond Valley to Macedon and the You Yangs. It is built on a peak which was once a volcano, 237 metres above sea level. After World War one a memorial cairn was erected on the site, and in 1925 a committee of public-minded citizens began to plan for a tower. Many generous donations of material and money were forthcoming so that in 1926 the Governor General Lord Stonehaven was able to unveil the plaque before a crowd of 500 people There was some concern in the 1960s when the Forests Commission wanted to build a firespotters cabin on the top. At first R.S.L. branches opposed the idea, but it was realised that this use could combine with its use as a tourist attraction, and would ensure its maintenance for the future. Today the Kangaroo Ground tower provides one of the best views around Melbourne and is a fitting memorial to those who died in two world wars. From: Historic items for Diamond Valley Community Radio September 1990 (EDHS collection) On November 8th, 1951, the memorial was re-dedicated by the Governor of Victoria, Sir Dallas Brooks with the addition of the names of men from the Shire of Eltham who fell in the Second World War. Further wreaths were added subsequent to this image in time for the 2001 Reembrance Day service to commemorate the men from th shire who had fallen in the Malayan, Korean, Borneo and Vietnam campaigns.Roll of 35mm colour negative film, 8 strips and associated 10 x 15 cm colour printKodak Gold 100-5eltham-yarra glen road, garden hill, kangaroo ground, memorial park, shire of eltham war memorial tower, war memorial tower