Black and white photograph - Grade 6B 1974."Attached to photograph" Back Row- L to R: Shane Clark, Sergio Signor, Rodney Simpson, Russell Zantuck, David Healy, Wayne Kempton, John Matheras, Willy Pouw. 2nd Row- L to R: Linda Parker, Christine Murray, Roseanne Glarimans, Michelle Hogarth, Heather Jones, Eileen Hurley, Jenny Kortland, Kim Edwards, Elizabeth Cuzens. 3rd Row- L to R: Colin Smith, Robert Brown, Keith Pritchard, Jeff Wilke, Martin Lynd, Martin Hamilton, Robert Elliot, Stephen Walton, Stuart Hutchison. Front Row- L to R: Cathy Baker, Heather Butterworth, Karen Chapman, Fairley Marsh, Sharon Venn, Susanne Gempton, Christine Kozel, Karen Rolf, Elizabeth Bailey. Seated On ground: Chris Broadley, ?. Teacher: Mrs Parkes

This poem references Mersa Matruh, a port town on the Mediterranean coast of Egypt where Tom Meagher of the 14th Battalion may have served. Mersa Matruh was the backdrop for a series of battles between the German and British forces from mid- to late-1942.This poem was written by Avis Quarrell, an active community member of the Warrnambool RSL. Avis Quarrell was a former driver during the Second World War and is well known as a photographer and author in the Warrnambool area. The poem is well provenanced, bearing a dedication from the author herself and has significant interpretive capacity to discuss the North African campaigns, experiences of war and the history of the 14th Battalion when paired with the sketch.Poem printed in black ink on marled biege coloured paper in serif font, centred on page and signed by hand. Frame comprises of black plastic and is suspended by a wire on the reverse, which is screwed in on both the left and right hand sides. Poem is sealed in frame by framing tape, brown in colour. A gold adhesive label in the lower left hand corner indicates the framer and an inscription printed on paper is adhered onto the back of the frame.Underneath poem on front: “Avis Quarrell. C 2016.” On reverse, gold adhesive label reads: “Henna Street Picture Framers/74 Henna Street, Warrnambool/Ph/Fax (03) 5561 4795/ABN 88160473014” Printed inscription on reverse reads: “Warrnambool R.S.L./Please accept this Mersa Matruh sketch and poem/from Avis Quarrell and family (Anne and Murray/ Coverdale, Stephan and Jenny Quarrell, David/ and Janet Quarrell.)/Tom Meagher was a member of the 14th Battalion/in World War 2 and gave this to my husband while/ they were in North Africa./I wrote the poem because of the poignancy it/ created in my heart./We give this on the 100 Anniversary of the/ Warrnambool Sub-Branch, 26th of April, 2016 (16 crossed out and replaced with a 17).”north africa, mersa matruh, 14th battalion, poetry, quarrell, world war two, second world war, tom meagher

Image of Map of Acquire & declare action for Belgrave-Gembrook Rd., Emerald 1988 near Beaconsfield-Emerald Rd. and Emerald Monbulk Rd.Land Information and Survey Group/Plan of Survey/Counties of Evelyn and Mornington, Parish of Gembrook, Township of Emerald, Part of a Frmer Govt. Road Section A, Part of Crown Allotment 18, Part of Recreation reserve (Crown Allotment 11C), Part of mechanics Institute & Free Library reserve (Crown Allotment 11B)/AMG Reference 7922/55/363 200/5800700/Municipality - Shire of Sherbrooke/Proposed Action/Belgrave -Gembrook Road acquire & Declare 1 & 4 to 6, revoke and declare 2 & 3.Albert McLaren Road Construction Authority, 60 Denmark Street, Kew/(signed) 5TH December 1988 a.m. LARSEN, licensed surveyor/Approved JD MURRAY, 9/12/88 - Manager - Land Information and Survey Group/SP17861

Image of Plan of Survey Acquire & Declare Proposed Action Belgrave-Gembrook Rd., Shire of SherbrookeSP17861/Land Information and survey Group/Plan of Survey/Counties of Evelyn and Mornington, Parish of Gembrook, Township of Emerald, part of former Govt. Road Section A Part of Crown Allotment 18, Part of recreation Reserve (Crown Allotment 11C), Part of mechanics Institute & Free Library reserve (Crown Allotment 11B)/AMG REFERENCE 7922/55/363200/5800700/municipality, shire of Sherbrooke/Proposed Action, Belgrave-Gembrook Road Acquire & Declare 1 & 4 to 6, revoke & declare 2 & 3/Albert McLaren, Road Construction Authority, 60 Denmark Street, Kew 5th December 1988, (signed) A M Larson, Licensed Surveyor/Approved JD Murray 9/12/88, Manager - Land Information and Survey Group

Taken between 1928 and 1930, depicted is the Bethanga Bridge under construction. The Bridge was completed in 1930 and was built to assist residents of the Bethanga district to travel to Albury. Other bridges would become submerged by the backed-up water of the Murray and Mitta Rivers so the Bethanga bridge was built two miles above the Mitta Weir. The Bethanga Bridge was built north of the future Hume Dam which would be completed in 1936. At 2430 feet long, Bethanga Bridge was the longest road bridge in Australia at the time of its completion. The Bridge is 20 feet wide and made up of nine 270 feet long spans. Materials used include ten tons of paint for the steel works; 1600 tons of steel; 900 tons of timber for the decking; and reinforced concrete for the piers. The tender for the construction was awarded to C. Ruwolt Pty. Ltd., engineers who were located on Victoria Street, West Richmond. The contract was awarded for £71,890. It was predicted between 250 and 300 men would find employment on the project. The news was well received by trade unions at the time as there had been a drop in available engineering work.This photograph is historically significant as it depicts the progress of the Bethanga Bridge construction, which was important infrastructure for the area. It is also a good example of methods used in the area to assist in travel over the river prior to the construction of the Hume Dam.Black and white rectangular photo printed on matte photographic paper.Reverse: 1997 3186 / 84-19-3 / This is the bridge. / It is not yet open to traffic / yet. will not be completed / until May next / It is a wonderful bridge the / pillars are 100 feet high. / KODAK PRINT Envelope Obverse: Peterson PHOTO / Hume Weir Envelope Reverse: BMM 84-20-1,2+3. bethanga bridge, lake hume, hume dam, hume weir, murray river, bridge, bethanga, albury

The family Chelidae is endemic to Australia, New Guinea, and South America and consists of some 40 species of freshwater turtle. Twenty-four described species are found in Australia and three of these occur in the Murray Darling Basin. Turtles of the genus Chelodina are distinguished by their exceptionally long necks. These turles are also referred to as side-necked turtles, so named because the neck and head, when not extended, fold under the leading edge of the carapace. They are further characterised by their relatively flattened shells and their clawed webbed feet. This specimen is part of a collection of almost 200 animal specimens that were originally acquired as skins from various institutions across Australia, including the Australian Museum in Sydney and the National Museum of Victoria (known as Museums Victoria since 1983), as well as individuals such as amateur anthropologist Reynell Eveleigh Johns between 1860-1880. These skins were then mounted by members of the Burke Museum Committee and put-on display in the formal space of the Museum’s original exhibition hall where they continue to be on display. This display of taxidermy mounts initially served to instruct visitors to the Burke Museum of the natural world around them, today it serves as an insight into the collecting habits of the 19th century.This specimen is part of a significant and rare taxidermy mount collection in the Burke Museum. This collection is scientifically and culturally important for reminding us of how science continues to shape our understanding of the modern world. They demonstrate a capacity to hold evidence of how Australia’s fauna history existed in the past and are potentially important for future environmental research. This collection continues to be on display in the Museum and has become a key part to interpreting the collecting habits of the 19th century.This specimen is stylised standing on a wooden platform. It has a long, narrow neck and a large and relatively flat shell. The head, neck and limbs are all dark grey or brown in colour and the underside is a pale brown. The feet are webbed and have long claws. The eyes are made from pale glass and the specimen has a short tale.BMM5891taxidermy mount, taxidermy, animalia, burke museum, beechworth, australian museum, skin, reynell eveleigh johns, turtle, australian turtle, australian animal, snake-necked turtle, chelidae, broad-shelled turtle

Tait collection: item 39 of 62 This document gives the details of the Will and Probate of Thomas Oakley who died in Warrnambool at the age of 75 in 1893. He had come with his first wife to Australia in 1852 and was a Customs Officer in Warrnambool, in charge of the signals and premises, living in Merri Street. Later after the death of his wife (they had ten children) he married Eliza McKeeman in 1870 and they lived at ‘Oakbank’ near the Warrnambool Cemetery where Oakley pursued farming interests. They had a further eight children, many of them making their mark in the business and community life of Warrnambool and further afield. Thomas Oakley left real estate to the value of £900 and personal estate to the value of £1251, with the beneficiaries being his wife, his daughters, Elizabeth and Mary Anne from his first marriage and the eight children of his second marriage. The lawyers concerned with this document, O’Mahony and Murray, had offices in Warrnambool in Kepler Street at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. This document was in the possession of Ernest Chambers, a Warrnambool lawyer during the same period. It was then passed down to successive lawyers occupying the Kepler Street premises and located there in 2014.This document is of considerable importance as it gives details of the Will and Probate of Thomas Oakley, a prominent and successful landowner in Warrnambool in the 19th century. It will be of great use to researchers. This is a white piece of thick paper folded in two with handwritten material on four sides of the paper. The pages have printed red lines at the edges of three pages. The document contains details of the Will and Probate of Thomas Oakley who died in 1893 in Warrnambool. The pages are clean and readable.In the Supreme Court of the Colony of Victoria in its Probate Jurisdiction in the Will of Thomas Oakley late of Warrnambool in the County of Villiers in the Colony of Victoria Landowner deceased.o’mahony & murray,, warrnambool lawyers, ernest chambers, warrnambool lawyer, thomas oakley, tait collection

Here are key alumni names and roles from the Marong Primary School class of 1930 including two Lansell Descendants Back row: Keith Murray, Harry Pacholli, Geoff Woodley, Fred Thomas, Jack Cocks, Stan McComb, Kitch Fletcher, Ian Genardini. Fourth row: Peter Alexander (principal), ? Hill, May Thomas, Joan Jeffreys, Tess Speechley, Joyce Hill, I Lansell, B. Fletcher, Betty Filcock, Jane Rigby, unknown, Miss Hansen and Miss Naughton. Third row: unknown, Mary Wharton, Amy Filcock, Jean Hill, Gwen Lansell, Alice Bailey, Jean Filcock, Girlie Symons, Betty Blandford, Nellie Watson, Lily Filcock, Iris Hill. Second row: Brian Wharton, twin Filcock, Syd Hill, twin Filcock, Gordon Cocks, Jim Elvey, Duncan McKenzie, unknown, Digger Symons, Neville Carter, Norm Thomas,? Pacholli, Hugh Guthrie. Front: Lou Gooch, Norm Cocks, Arnie Symons, Keith Symons, Leo Pacholli, Albert Hollingworth, Ray Alexander, Frank Symons, Gilbert Woodley and Frank Alexander. Fortuna Articles - "The Way We Were" July 31 2009 The Bendigo Advertiser This item contains the following: 11217.45a Black and white photo of the class of 1930 at Marong Primary School with two of the Lansell descendants. 11217.45b Part of Page - Fortuna Articles - "The Way We Were"non-fictionbendigo, fortuna, george lansell, marong primary school

Wilfred Clarence Busse was born in Chiltern, Victoria in 1898. His family moved to the region during the gold rush and continued to resided in the area, purchasing land adjacent the Murray River. Busse completed his secondary education at Wesley College in Melbourne then studied law at the University of Melbourne. Busse went on to become a barrister, often in the chambers of Sir Leo Finn Bernard Cussen (1859-1933) a judge of the Supreme Court of Victoria. Busse was also an avid fictional writer and in 1930 he published two novels "The Blue Beyond; A Romance of the Early Days in South Eastern Australia” and "The Golden Plague: A Romance of the Early Fifties." "The Golden Plague” won the T. E. Role gold medal for the best historical novel which went on to become a best seller. Busse often drew inspiration for his novels from his younger years living Chiltern. His passion for the region lead him to write “The History of Chiltern” which was published in a serial form in the Chiltern Federal Standard from 1922-1923. Wilfred Clarence Busse was a member of Chiltern Athenaeum upon his death in 1960. This book is of considerable importance to Chiltern Athenaeum as it was written by Wilfred Clarence Busse, a barrister and author born in Chiltern. Busse drew inspiration to write novels from his life growing up in Chiltern which is apparent in "The Golden Plague: A Romance of the Early Fifties." Small book in a solid orange hardback with text written in gold on top front and spine. There are 287 pagesFront cover: Wilfred C. Busse / The Golden Plague / Title page: The Golden Plague / A Romance of the roaring fifties / By Wilfred C. Busse / Hutchinson & Co (Publishers), LTD. / Paternoster Row, London, EC4 / wilfred clarence busse, busse, chiltern, chiltern athenaeum, federal standard, t. e. role, "the blue beyond, a romance of the early days in south eastern australia”, "the golden plague: a romance of the early fifties.", "the golden plague”, wesley college, university of melbourne, sir leo finn bernard cussen, supreme court of victoria, gold rush, murray river, “the history of chiltern”

Wilfred Clarence Busse 1898-1960, born in Chiltern, was a barrister and author. His family moved to the region during the gold rush and continued to reside in the area, purchasing land adjacent the Murray River. Busse attended school at Wesley College and studied law at the University of Melbourne. Busse went on to become a barrister, often in the chambers of Sir Leo Finn Bernard Cussen (1859-1933) a judge of the Supreme Court of Victoria. Time spent on a Victorian station in his early twenties, as well as careful documentary research, informed the writing of his historical novels of bush life. "The Blue Beyond; A Romance of the Early Days in South Eastern Australia" was written in 1928 and published in 1930. "The Golden Plague: A Romance of the Early Fifties", written in 1930, won the T. E. Role gold medal for the best historical novel published that year and went on to become a best seller. His passion for the region led him to write “The History of Chiltern”, which was published in a serial form in the Chiltern Federal Standard from 1922-1923. He was a member of the Chiltern Athenaeum upon his death in 1960.This book is of considerable importance to Chiltern Athenaeum as it was written by Wilfred Clarence Busse, a barrister and author born in Chiltern. Busse drew inspiration to write novels from his life growing up in Chiltern which is apparent in "The Blue Beyond; A Romance of the Early Days in South Eastern Australia".A small sized book in blue hardback binding, with the title and the author`s name in dark blue fonts at the top of the front cover. There are 288 pages. Front cover: The Blue Beyond/Wilfred C. Busse/ Title page: The Blue Beyond/A Romance of the Early Days in South-Eastern Australia/by Wilfred C. Busse/ Hutchinson & Co (Publishers), LTD. /34-36 Paternoster Row, EC4 / wilfred clarence busse, chiltern, barrister, author, wesley college, university of melbourne, supreme court of victoria, leo finn bernard cussen, historical novels, bush life, the golden plague, the blue beyond, the history of chiltern, chiltern athenaeum, gold rush, murray river, chambers, 1928, 1930, chiltern federal standard, t. e. role gold medal

Wilfred Clarence Busse was born in Chiltern, Victoria in 1898. His family moved to the region during the gold rush and continued to resided in the area, purchasing land adjacent the Murray River. Busse completed his secondary education at Wesley College in Melbourne then studied law at the University of Melbourne. Busse went on to become a barrister, often in the chambers of Sir Leo Finn Bernard Cussen (1859-1933) a judge of the Supreme Court of Victoria. Busse was also an avid fictional writer and in 1930 he published two novels "The Blue Beyond; A Romance of the Early Days in South Eastern Australia” and "The Golden Plague: A Romance of the Early Fifties." "The Golden Plague” won the T. E. Role gold medal for the best historical novel which went on to become a best seller. Busse often drew inspiration for his novels from his younger years living Chiltern. His passion for the region lead him to write “The History of Chiltern” which was published in a serial form in the Chiltern Federal Standard from 1922-1923. Wilfred Clarence Busse was a member of Chiltern Athenaeum upon his death in 1960This photograph is of considerable importance to Chiltern Athenaeum as it was written by Wilfred Clarence Busse, a barrister and author born in Chiltern. Busse drew inspiration to write novels from his life growing up in Chiltern which is apparent in "The Golden Plague: A Romance of the Early Fifties."Sepia rectangular photograph printed on matte photographic paper mounted on board placed within a silver frame.photograph, indigo shire, chiltern athenaeum museum, framed photograph, wilfred clarence busse, busse, chiltern athenaeum, "the blue beyond, a romance of the early days in south eastern australia”, "the golden plague: a romance of the early fifties.", “the history of chiltern”

Height 25 cm, 160 pages, soft cover A soft cover book of 160 pages with black and white photos, newspaper clippings and other illustrations. It includes lists of principals, presidents of school council, house captains, SRC presidents, parents & friends association presidents, women's auxiliary presidents, male and female staff members, and all students who attended the school between 1941 and 1991. There is an extensive list of sources and acknowledgements.non-fictionA history of Camberwell High School from its beginnings in fighting for a school to be built and finally opening for business in 1941. It includes a list of students from 1941-1991. Also a list of female staff and male staff, as well as House Captains, Women's Auxiliary Presidents, Head Prefects, Student Representative Council - Presidents. It also details the School Uniform Policy. It details the growth in the early years, building on the foundations and the modern times, including some troubled years.education and research, secondary schools, school plays, school committees, robert d ewins, camberwell high school, education, camberwell high ex-students society, kylie monogue, elida brereton, robert manne, dannii monogie, brian naylor

THE 1917 floods were the second highest recorded in Albury-Wodonga. The gauge at the Union Bridge was 18 feet. All bridges between Albury and Wodonga were washed away and locals had to travel by train between the two towns. It was the only link between the centres for several weeks. The suspension bridge was a temporary fix to allow pedestrian traffic to travel between Wodonga and Albury. A report from The Argus on October 9, 1917 stated: “For the last three or four months the low-lying land between the border towns of Albury and Wodonga has been almost continuously under water, 150 points were registered here on Thursday and Friday and heavier falls were recorded higher up the river, causing all rivers to rise simultaneously. Residents of Bonegilla, Bethanga, Talgarno and the Murray Valley were cut off from railway facilities. In 2025 this location is now the Lincoln Causeway. This image is one of a collection of photos taken by Robert Prentice. The images are clearly identified as he inscribed in the glass a back-to-front capital R (Я) on to which was joined a capital P creating his mark ЯР.This image is significant because it captures a major flooding event in Wodonga and was taken by a recognised Wodonga photographer.A black and white photograph of people observing the flood damage at WodongaWodonga Floods 1917 ЯРfloods wodonga, natural resources, robert prentice

"The Mechanics’ Institute hall (demolished) and the library played a central role in the story of Melton social life, and in the development of its learning, culture, entertainment, celebration, commemoration and many community groups. The building on the site today - with the Court House the only remaining early community or public building remaining in High Street - is a tribute to the energy and talents of the very small Melton community over many years. Its substantial size, brick materials, and the evident use of an architect in its design, sets it apart from most other simple weatherboard Mechanics’ Institutes that were built in smaller country towns in Victoria. The financing and upkeep of this building, which was community-owned until 1982, and built on land purchased by the community rather than granted by Government, itself contributed to the coming together of the Melton community in decision making and fundraising. Although the original hall is demolished, the 1983 Melton Community Hall adjacent is partly its successor, demolition of the Institute hall having been predicated on its construction. The surviving brick front portion of the Institute was opened by the Hon. J Murray, Premier of Victoria in 1910". Scottish Debutante Ball hosted by Scots Church Melton at the Mechanics Hallchurches

The Pollard Archway was named for Charles Pollard, who was the son of an early settler at Bonegilla. Charles Pollard was awarded the MBE for his involvement in community service, he was Secretary of the Murray Valley Shows Association, Shire President in 1926-27, 1945-46 and 1946-47. He was Foundation President of the Wodonga Show Society, and North-Eastern representative of the Dairymen’s Association of Victoria. The arch is 29 metres wide and 15 metres high and consists of two boomerangs coming together to form an archway. Originally spanning across a single carriageway of the Lincoln Causeway, the arch was opened by Princess Alexandra of Kent in 1959 and was built for £1230. When the Country Roads Board said the causeway would have to be duplicated in 1973, a new home was required for the arch. The arch was moved in 1975 to allow for widening of the Lincoln Causeway and spent some time in storage. It was re- erected in Hamilton Smith Drive in 1982 after restoration by the Rotary Club of Belvoir-Wodonga. At the request of the Wodonga Show Society, the arch was moved to the entrance of the showgrounds in 1982. After development of the precinct in 2015, the Pollard Arch was erected on Hamilton Smith Drive Wodonga.These images represent the construction and then subsequent of structure acknowledging the contribution of Councillor Pollard to the community of Wodonga.A series of black and white images documenting the construction and opening of the Pollard arch on the Lincoln Causeway in Wodonga in 1959. A coloured photo from 1965 is also included.wodonga pioneers, pollard family, pollard archway

These images are copies of a photograph (3448) captured in approximately 1900 and depicts the on site nurses homes. During the 1880s, these detached cottages were constructed and provided accommodation for the staff (in this case, the nurses) who lived within the hospital walls. Within the image are weatherboard buildings, a number of nurses and water tanks. Beechworth's Mayday Hills was chosen as the site of Victoria's newest asylum, at the time, due to the landscape and altitude. The hilltop atmosphere and the native fauna, it was argued, would assist in the cure of the patients kept at the hospital (Wood 1985, 122). The positioning of the hospital had a beneficial effect on the rural town. A pamphlet published by James Ingram and Son (1849) reveal that famous landmarks in Beechworth which included the Post Office, Gaol, Courthouse and Asylum "demonstrate the appreciation of Beechworth by the Government not only as as important district center, but also as a site unrivaled as a sanitarium". There were other locations in contention at the time, but ultimately Beechworth was chosen (Craig 2000, 33). Prior to the creation of the Asylum in Beechworth, those charged with having mental illnesses or, as it was termed, "insanity" were unable to be properly cared for in the Gaol (which is where they were often sent). John Buckley Castieau wrote, in 1861 for the Ovens and Murray Advertiser, that the Gaol was unable to properly care for those classified then as "insane" but that they would endeavor to treat them above the other inmates (which he notes is not always the case in other establishments). Castieau wrote this in favour of supporting the building of the Mayday Hills Hospital in Beechworth. It was stated that at the time the Mayday Hills Hospital was built, there were 83 prisoners kept in the Gaol who were to be rehoused to the Hospital on the grounds of "insanity". The classification as someone as "insane", in this period of time is a reflection on the inability to cure and understand illnesses of the mind during the mid to late 1800s. Opening on the 24th of October 1867, the Mayday Hills Hospital was originally named the "Ovens Lunatic Asylum", a title which is very much a product of its time. Whilst controversial, changes to the name is part of the history of the Hospital and can provide much insight into the understanding of mental illness throughout history and the use/disuse of this term provides information into the reception/changing opinions of mental illness in society. The Hospital would later become known as the "Mayday Hills Asylum" and/or "Mayday Hills Hospital" with the latter being the most commonly used title. An article in the Ovens and Murray Advertiser notes that on the 7th of March 1865, the foundation stone of the Hospital was laid (it would officially open in 1867) and that it was such a moment of accomplishment and joy for Beechworth that a letter to the editor even suggested that there should be a holiday dedicated to the day the foundation stone as laid. This reveals an extent to which the townspeople of early Beechworth valued the construction of the Hospital in their town. It provided the town with a sense of prestige and honour.At first glance, the remains of the Mayday Hills Hospital in Beechworth, Victoria, inspire tragedy, trauma and beauty. The buildings themselves, with their Italianate style Renaissance architecture designed by J.J. Clark (Craig 2000, 49 & Smith 2016, 203) reflect a bygone period of European and Australian history. The gardens provide a sense of tranquility and beauty. The experience of those within these walls remains a valuable area of study to provide a more complete understanding. This particular hospital is considered the fourth of its like and one of three identified as the largest of their kind. The Mayday Hills Hospital is a sister to the Kew and Ararat Asylums in Melbourne which are both located in relative proximity. Understanding the role of the Mayday Hills Hospital in Beechworth history is integral to understanding the development of the goldfields town, but also for providing important information as to the history of caring for, and the reception of, mental illnesses in Australian and wider European history. Mayday Hills provides a case study which can be researched through oral history, an analysis of the grounds/buildings and through images like these. Images like these depict the strong façade of the Hospital and provide a glimpse into the tranquility of the gardens. This has been done deliberately to provide a sense of comfort and healing about the building to those looking from the outside. Further research into the importance of the Hospital in Beechworth and it's connection to the town will be supported through images like these kept in the Mayday Hills photo album in the collection of the Burke Museum.Black and white rectangular photograph printed on gloss photographic papermental hospital, mayday hills, beechworth, copy, nurse, nurses quarters, on-site dwelling, 1900s, 1880, beechworth asylum

This photograph was captured in approximately 1900 and depicts the on site nurses homes. During the 1880s, these detached cottages were constructed and provided accommodation for the staff (in this case, the nurses) who lived within the hospital walls. Within the image are weatherboard buildings, a number of nurses and water tanks. Beechworth's Mayday Hills was chosen as the site of Victoria's newest asylum, at the time, due to the landscape and altitude. The hilltop atmosphere and the native fauna, it was argued, would assist in the cure of the patients kept at the hospital (Wood 1985, 122). The positioning of the hospital had a beneficial effect on the rural town. A pamphlet published by James Ingram and Son (1849) reveal that famous landmarks in Beechworth which included the Post Office, Gaol, Courthouse and Asylum "demonstrate the appreciation of Beechworth by the Government not only as as important district center, but also as a site unrivaled as a sanitarium". There were other locations in contention at the time, but ultimately Beechworth was chosen (Craig 2000, 33). Prior to the creation of the Asylum in Beechworth, those charged with having mental illnesses or, as it was termed, "insanity" were unable to be properly cared for in the Gaol (which is where they were often sent). John Buckley Castieau wrote, in 1861 for the Ovens and Murray Advertiser, that the Gaol was unable to properly care for those classified then as "insane" but that they would endeavor to treat them above the other inmates (which he notes is not always the case in other establishments). Castieau wrote this in favour of supporting the building of the Mayday Hills Hospital in Beechworth. It was stated that at the time the Mayday Hills Hospital was built, there were 83 prisoners kept in the Gaol who were to be rehoused to the Hospital on the grounds of "insanity". The classification as someone as "insane", in this period of time is a reflection on the inability to cure and understand illnesses of the mind during the mid to late 1800s. Opening on the 24th of October 1867, the Mayday Hills Hospital was originally named the "Ovens Lunatic Asylum", a title which is very much a product of its time. Whilst controversial, changes to the name is part of the history of the Hospital and can provide much insight into the understanding of mental illness throughout history and the use/disuse of this term provides information into the reception/changing opinions of mental illness in society. The Hospital would later become known as the "Mayday Hills Asylum" and/or "Mayday Hills Hospital" with the latter being the most commonly used title. An article in the Ovens and Murray Advertiser notes that on the 7th of March 1865, the foundation stone of the Hospital was laid (it would officially open in 1867) and that it was such a moment of accomplishment and joy for Beechworth that a letter to the editor even suggested that there should be a holiday dedicated to the day the foundation stone as laid. This reveals an extent to which the townspeople of early Beechworth valued the construction of the Hospital in their town. It provided the town with a sense of prestige and honour.At first glance, the remains of the Mayday Hills Hospital in Beechworth, Victoria, inspire tragedy, trauma and beauty. The buildings themselves, with their Italianate style Renaissance architecture designed by J.J. Clark (Craig 2000, 49 & Smith 2016, 203) reflect a bygone period of European and Australian history. The gardens provide a sense of tranquility and beauty. The experience of those within these walls remains a valuable area of study to provide a more complete understanding. This particular hospital is considered the fourth of its like and one of three identified as the largest of their kind. The Mayday Hills Hospital is a sister to the Kew and Ararat Asylums in Melbourne which are both located in relative proximity. Understanding the role of the Mayday Hills Hospital in Beechworth history is integral to understanding the development of the goldfields town, but also for providing important information as to the history of caring for, and the reception of, mental illnesses in Australian and wider European history. Mayday Hills provides a case study which can be researched through oral history, an analysis of the grounds/buildings and through images like these. Images like these depict the strong façade of the Hospital and provide a glimpse into the tranquility of the gardens. This has been done deliberately to provide a sense of comfort and healing about the building to those looking from the outside. Further research into the importance of the Hospital in Beechworth and it's connection to the town will be supported through images like these kept in the Mayday Hills photo album in the collection of the Burke Museum.Black and white rectangular photograph printed on photographic paper mounted on card"Early nurses quarters, Beechworth Mental Hospital, now May Day Hills Hospital."may day hills hospital, nurses quarters, beechworth, mayday hills, asylum

This photograph is a copy of that captured in approximately 1900 and depicts the on site nurses homes. During the 1880s, these detached cottages were constructed and provided accommodation for the staff (in this case, the nurses) who lived within the hospital walls. Within the image are weatherboard buildings, a number of nurses and water tanks. Beechworth's Mayday Hills was chosen as the site of Victoria's newest asylum, at the time, due to the landscape and altitude. The hilltop atmosphere and the native fauna, it was argued, would assist in the cure of the patients kept at the hospital (Wood 1985, 122). The positioning of the hospital had a beneficial effect on the rural town. A pamphlet published by James Ingram and Son (1849) reveal that famous landmarks in Beechworth which included the Post Office, Gaol, Courthouse and Asylum "demonstrate the appreciation of Beechworth by the Government not only as as important district center, but also as a site unrivaled as a sanitarium". There were other locations in contention at the time, but ultimately Beechworth was chosen (Craig 2000, 33). Prior to the creation of the Asylum in Beechworth, those charged with having mental illnesses or, as it was termed, "insanity" were unable to be properly cared for in the Gaol (which is where they were often sent). John Buckley Castieau wrote, in 1861 for the Ovens and Murray Advertiser, that the Gaol was unable to properly care for those classified then as "insane" but that they would endeavor to treat them above the other inmates (which he notes is not always the case in other establishments). Castieau wrote this in favour of supporting the building of the Mayday Hills Hospital in Beechworth. It was stated that at the time the Mayday Hills Hospital was built, there were 83 prisoners kept in the Gaol who were to be rehoused to the Hospital on the grounds of "insanity". The classification as someone as "insane", in this period of time is a reflection on the inability to cure and understand illnesses of the mind during the mid to late 1800s. Opening on the 24th of October 1867, the Mayday Hills Hospital was originally named the "Ovens Lunatic Asylum", a title which is very much a product of its time. Whilst controversial, changes to the name is part of the history of the Hospital and can provide much insight into the understanding of mental illness throughout history and the use/disuse of this term provides information into the reception/changing opinions of mental illness in society. The Hospital would later become known as the "Mayday Hills Asylum" and/or "Mayday Hills Hospital" with the latter being the most commonly used title. An article in the Ovens and Murray Advertiser notes that on the 7th of March 1865, the foundation stone of the Hospital was laid (it would officially open in 1867) and that it was such a moment of accomplishment and joy for Beechworth that a letter to the editor even suggested that there should be a holiday dedicated to the day the foundation stone as laid. This reveals an extent to which the townspeople of early Beechworth valued the construction of the Hospital in their town. It provided the town with a sense of prestige and honour.At first glance, the remains of the Mayday Hills Hospital in Beechworth, Victoria, inspire tragedy, trauma and beauty. The buildings themselves, with their Italianate style Renaissance architecture designed by J.J. Clark (Craig 2000, 49 & Smith 2016, 203) reflect a bygone period of European and Australian history. The gardens provide a sense of tranquility and beauty. The experience of those within these walls remains a valuable area of study to provide a more complete understanding. This particular hospital is considered the fourth of its like and one of three identified as the largest of their kind. The Mayday Hills Hospital is a sister to the Kew and Ararat Asylums in Melbourne which are both located in relative proximity. Understanding the role of the Mayday Hills Hospital in Beechworth history is integral to understanding the development of the goldfields town, but also for providing important information as to the history of caring for, and the reception of, mental illnesses in Australian and wider European history. Mayday Hills provides a case study which can be researched through oral history, an analysis of the grounds/buildings and through images like these. Images like these depict the strong façade of the Hospital and provide a glimpse into the tranquility of the gardens. This has been done deliberately to provide a sense of comfort and healing about the building to those looking from the outside. Further research into the importance of the Hospital in Beechworth and it's connection to the town will be supported through images like these kept in the Mayday Hills photo album in the collection of the Burke Museum.Black and white rectangular photograph printed on photographic paper mounted on cardmayday hills, nurse, weatherboard, watertank, mayday hills hospital, asylum, mental health, kew, ararat, mental hospital, beechworth, gold town

The newspaper was produced to celebrate the 100th year of the Ballarat Courier.96 page newspaper celebrating 100 years of publishing the Ballarat Courier Newspaper. Stories and images include: Robert Clark, Ballarat history, Sturt Street, Selkirk Bricks, Ballarat Industry, Thomas Bath, Royal Hotel, hotels, Begonia Festival, James Smith, Hollways, Myers, Ballarat Orphanage, Nazareth House, Lake Elsworth, Batches, libraries, Timken, Sunshine Biscuits, M.B. John, AMCAST, reservoirs, Ballarat Council,, Morsheads, Civic Hall, Alfred Hall, Art Gallery, Christies, 3BA, Paddle Bros, South Street, BTV 6, Memorial Theatre, Her Majesty's, Whitelaw-Monier, Coltman, costume, Messer and opie, politics, Dudley Erwin, Bill Stephen, Vance Dickie, Tom Evans, Murray Byrne, McKay - Macleod, Crockers, Ballarat Shire, Sovereign Hill. St Patrick's Cathedral, Christ Church Cathedral, Ballarat School of Mines, Mt Helen Campus, Ballarat Girls School. Ballarat North Technical School , Burke and Wills Memorial, Joe White Maltings, Ballarat Airport, Sunicrust, architecture, women, trams, transport, Faulls, Franklin Caravans, Olympics, football, history of Sunshine Biscuits robert clark, clark, ballarat, sturt street, selkirk bricks, industry, thomas bath, royal hotel, hotels, begonia festival, james smith, hollways, myers, ballarat orphanage, nazareth house, lake elsworth, batches, libraries, timken, sunshine biscuits, m.b. john, amcast, reservoirs, ballarat council, morsheads, civic hall, alfred hall, art gallery, christies, 3ba, paddle bros, south street, btv 6, memorial theatre, her majesty's, whitelaw-monier, coltman, costume, messer and opie, politics, dudley erwin, bill stephen, vance dickie, tom evans, murray byrne, mckay - macleod, crockers, ballarat shire, sovereign hill. st patrick's cathedral, christ church cathedral, ballarat school of mines, churches, mt helen campus, ballarat girls school. ballarat north technical school, burke and wills memorial, joe white maltings, ballarat airport, sunicrust, architecture, women, trams, transport, faulls, franklin caravans, olympics, football, bray raceway, coliseum motors, schoools, education, craig bros, dayelsford, clunes, beaufort, linton, skipton, heinz bors, villiers, flecnoe, jones, robertson, cowles, bulless, cronn, matthews, ballarat library, cowley's eureka iron works, john hollway and sons, ken webb, mayoral chain, ken flecknoe, a.e. flecknoe, bath's hotel, eureka stockade memorial park

Picture of a 1930 Blackburn CC team. The picture is taken at the northern end of the oval with the pine trees along the railway line in the background. Twelve players and two other gentlemen in full suits are pictured and there appears to be a mix of young and middle aged men. Two players (front row third from right and second row far right) appear to be wearing the same jumper in full sleeve and vest form respectively while two other players are wearing similar jumpers and another two wearing plain versions. The caps being worn by two gentlemen appear to be identical. Thirteen original signatures and the year are signed on the paper mat to which the picture is glued. The signatures appear to be signed using a fountain pen however another name (David Murray) appears to have been added using a pencil at a later date. Some of the signatures include D Cook, H.M Wilson, G.A Jorgood, C.G Williams, Rliekle, S Mackinlay and L.A Warne. Les Warne played in the 1st XI at Blackburn from 1930 to 1955 and was the captain of the 1938-39 premiership winning team. Les recieved a life membership in 1953.

Notebook - comprising heavy card covers, with preprinted (18) sheets for use as a wages sheets. Use by Wal Jack to record notes of people, events and negatives and photographs. The sheets have been side stapled and then were bound within the heavy brown cardboard sheets with a blue cloth binding on the left hand side. Book was made by 'F. W. Wright Print Ballarat" Has notes from Murray Hood of the Chief Civil Engineers Office WAGR about events and happenings in Perth, WA. Diagrams of stations on the Benalla to Yarrawonga rail line - dated 14/10/1954. Photos received dated 1953 - 1954 - steam. Photos sent to Norm De Pomeroy and received back Photos sent or received from John Radcliffe Wal Larsen - SAR Photos Notes on Wal Larsen's UK, Europe to India trip - 1963 - daily mileage and towns visited - likely to link to albums of photographs. List of Alwyn Marshall photos - Nov. - Dec 1960 - Asia, India Wal Larson photos - 1961 - QR, VR, CR etc - 1957 as well. All hand written notestrams, tramways, europe, uk, notebooks, diary

Demonstrates pictorial souvenir strips of photographs of Ballarat, both colour and black and white and yields information about Ballarat c 1940.Set of 10 small colour and 5 large black and white views of Ballarat printed on a folded strip, glued within a light brown colour light weight cardboard folder, titled "Pictorial Souvenir of Ballarat - Views in Colour". Booklet printed with an address area with title in red and kookaburras. Produced by Murray View, Gympie Queensland. The rear has a slit surrounded by red dashes on the rear cover that allowed the folder to be secured. Pictures are: Colour: 1. Statutory Pavilion 2. Sturt St looking west - with a tram in the bottom of the photograph 3. Victory Arch 4. Queen Elizabeth Benevolent home 5. Queen Victoria Memorial Gardens 6. Swans on Lake Wendouree 7. The Conservatory 8. Avenue of Fame (Prime Ministers) 9. Eureka Stockade 10. Cnr Sturt and Lydiard St, with a bus in the view Black and White 1. The State Building 2. Panorama from Black Hill 3. Old Curiosity Shop 4. Reflections - Botanical Gardens 5. Sturt St looking east - has a tram in the view, with 1930's SEC colour scheme. trams, tramways, sturt st, town hall, lake wendouree, memorial arch avenue of honour, memorial, gardens, lydiard st, eureka, tram 19

Black and white photograph of a Ministerial / government inspection party boarding a bogie tram at Gardens Loop. Attached to the bottom left hand corner of the photo is part of a cutting from the Courier, giving the name of the people boarding the tram. Photograph and cutting undated - possibly late 1960's. Attachment with a piece of 'sticky tape' On rear of photograph is a Ballarat Courier Copyright stamp. Name of people in photograph are given as: Tramways Superintendent - Mr. L. J. Denmead, Mid-Western Electricity Supply branch manager, Mr. I. F. Pellas, Secretary to the Minister of Transport, Mr. B. Newton Mr. Tom Evans MLA Transport Regulation Board, regional officer, Mr. Alan Stott Minister of Transport, Mr. Wilcox, Minster of Public Works, Mr Byrne Mr. Bill Stephen, MLA. Note: Murray Byrne was Minister of Public Works from June 1970 until August 1972. This would narrow down the photo to between June 1970 and September 1971 and probably in 1970. (Research note from Peter Winspur 14-12-2012). From the shadows etc, probably late 1970, very early 1971.On rear of photograph, in black ink is stamped "Ballarat Courier / Press Photograph / - copyright -"trams, tramways, closure, ballarat, gardens loop, ministerial visit, transport

Graphic Design / Multimedia: Daniel Buckingham, Dominic Carey, Claire Hards, Simon Hunt, Rose Kim, Glen McClay, Joshua McGregor, Luke Monssen, Stuart Murray, Kristian Pechotsch, Melissa Price, Michael Renga, Kristen Retallick, Claire Robson, Jarrod Rouhan, Leigh Ryan, Alana Smyth, Stuart Sullivan, Mary Rose Thomas, Peter Wallace. Multidiscipline: Marlene Broadbent, Gary Brogden, Marg Delahunty-Spencer, Nathan Donegan, Cameron Haldane, Natali Mirovski, Darren Newby, Kelly Roberts, Natasha Young Drawing: Kim Anderson, Vane Andonov, Rebecca Brown, Lucas Corbett, Kathryn Cudia, Jessica Jackson, Penelope Jenner, Michelle Trgovac Ceramics: Marty Foster, Perry Lane, Georgina Moon, Kristine Thomas, Paul Uren, Dawn Whitehand Painting: Esmene Beyzade, Christopher Geljon, Peta Jeffries, Sara Johnson, Mari-Martha Mago, Ricki Millar, Kate Peachey, Daniel Salmon, Sandra Williams Honours: Claire Blake, Wendy Bolger, Suzanne Close, Benjamin Cox, Kieran Denahy, Natasha Dusenjko, Judith Hughes, Paul Mears, Michael Shiell, Leigh Scholten, Janelle Vaughan, Fiona Woolley. Custom polypropylene case, printed single colour black. Eight single-sided pages printed black and yellow, bound top left with metal paper fastener. CD Rom included in pack, unprinted.university of ballarat, federation university, graphic design, multimedia, camp street campus, new north, arts academy, painting, ceramics, drawing, multidiscipline, honours

The Azure kingfisher can be located throughout northern and eastern Australia. It can also been found in parts of Indonesia, New Guinea and surrounding islands. This species frequents the Kimberley region in Western Australia and and the Top End of Queensland. In Victoria, it resides inland near the Murray-Darling Basin. These birds prefer to make their homes near bodies of water such as creeks and rivers. They live in areas with shady vegetation. This particular species of Kingfisher are known for their bright and contrasting colouring and tiny stature. They are the smallest kingfisher found in Australia. These birds feed on yabbies and small fish. This specimen is part of a collection of almost 200 animal specimens that were originally acquired as skins from various institutions across Australia, including the Australian Museum in Sydney and the National Museum of Victoria (known as Museums Victoria since 1983), as well as individuals such as amateur anthropologist Reynell Eveleigh Johns between 1860-1880. These skins were then mounted by members of the Burke Museum Committee and put-on display in the formal space of the Museum’s original exhibition hall where they continue to be on display. This display of taxidermy mounts initially served to instruct visitors to the Burke Museum of the natural world around them, today it serves as an insight into the collecting habits of the 19th century.This specimen is part of a significant and rare taxidermy mount collection in the Burke Museum. This collection is scientifically and culturally important for reminding us of how science continues to shape our understanding of the modern world. They demonstrate a capacity to hold evidence of how Australia’s fauna history existed in the past and are potentially important for future environmental research. This collection continues to be on display in the Museum and has become a key part to interpreting the collecting habits of the 19th century.The Azure kingfisher is stylised perched upon a wooden stand and has a paper identification tag attached to one of its legs. This bird has a combination of blue, yellow/orange and black plumage. The orange colour is located upon its chest while the royal blue is upon the rear of the bird on its back and head. The blue has faded in places due to age. The specimen is a diminutive bird species with a wide torso and a long and slender black bill. It has a short tail and two glass black eyes. The feet are a pale cream colour.11a. / Azure Kingfisher See Catalogue, page 9. /taxidermy mount, taxidermy, animalia, burke museum, beechworth, australian museum, skin, reynell eveleigh johns, bird, australian birds, kingfisher, azure, azure kingfisher, small birds, brightly coloured birds

This pencilled letter from 1892, was written on the steamer 'Success' by Mr Terry Davidson's grandmother, Frances Edith Ashe was posted to her sister, Florence (Floss) when the steamer arrived at Pooncarrie en route to the Murray and Echuca. Frances Edith (who signs the letter with her nickname 'Yeeds') was finishing her employment as a governess at the Teryawynia Station in the employ of the Gilberts. Teryawynia is situated on the Talyawalka Creek some 30 kms from the Darling River. The beginning point for the river journey recorded as being Henley Outstation - this being some 50 kms upstream from Menindee. At the time of writing this letter, she was 20 years old and on her second job as a governess. Her sister Floss was three years older. The references to 'George' withint the letter relate to a 24-year old George Alecander Davisdon, w worker on Teryawynia while she was therre - she was to marry Geroge some six years later. the description of life onboard and of the river journey (more than family chit chat) make up the valuable historical elements to thi sletter. It is appropriate that this letter will reside within a collection that tells the story of the paddlesteamers and their part in our Australian history. Steamer "Success" stampp.s. success, darling river, pooncarrie n.s.w

This is a photograph from the W.C. Busse Collection and a woman is illustrated with a bun hair tie and a pearl necklace. Wilfred Clarence Busse 1898-1960, born in Chiltern, was a barrister and author. His family moved to the region during the gold rush and continued to reside in the area, purchasing land adjacent the Murray River. Busse attended school at Wesley College and studied law at the University of Melbourne. Busse went on to become a barrister, often in the chambers of Sir Leo Finn Bernard Cussen (1859-1933) a judge of the Supreme Court of Victoria. Time spent on a Victorian station in his early twenties, as well as careful documentary research, informed the writing of his historical novels of bush life. "The Blue Beyond; A Romance of the Early Days in South Eastern Australia" was written in 1928 and published in 1930. "The Golden Plague: A Romance of the Early Fifties", written in 1930, won the T. E. Role gold medal for the best historical novel published that year and went on to become a best seller. His passion for the region led him to write “The History of Chiltern”, which was published in a serial form in the Chiltern Federal Standard from 1922-1923. He was a member of the Chiltern Athenaeum upon his death in 1960. The photograph belongs to the W.C. Busse Collection, which is of great importance to Chiltern Athenaeum. Wilfred Clarence Busse was a barrister and author born in Chiltern and drew inspiration to write novels from his life growing up in Chiltern.Black and white framed photograph printed on paper and wooden frame.w.c. busse collection, wilfred clarence busse, chiltern, barrister, author, murray river, wesley college, university of melbourne, chambers, leo finn bernard cussen, judge, supreme court of victoria, historical novels, bush life, the blue beyond, the golden plague, t. e. role gold medal, the history of chiltern, chiltern federal standard, chiltern athenaeum

This is a photograph from the W.C. Busse Collection and an elderly woman is illustrated sitting on a couch. Wilfred Clarence Busse 1898-1960, born in Chiltern, was a barrister and author. His family moved to the region during the gold rush and continued to reside in the area, purchasing land adjacent the Murray River. Busse attended school at Wesley College and studied law at the University of Melbourne. Busse went on to become a barrister, often in the chambers of Sir Leo Finn Bernard Cussen (1859-1933) a judge of the Supreme Court of Victoria. Time spent on a Victorian station in his early twenties, as well as careful documentary research, informed the writing of his historical novels of bush life. "The Blue Beyond; A Romance of the Early Days in South Eastern Australia" was written in 1928 and published in 1930. "The Golden Plague: A Romance of the Early Fifties", written in 1930, won the T. E. Role gold medal for the best historical novel published that year and went on to become a best seller. His passion for the region led him to write “The History of Chiltern”, which was published in a serial form in the Chiltern Federal Standard from 1922-1923. He was a member of the Chiltern Athenaeum upon his death in 1960.The photograph belongs to the W.C. Busse Collection, which is of great importance to Chiltern Athenaeum. Wilfred Clarence Busse was a barrister and author born in Chiltern and drew inspiration to write novels from his life growing up in Chiltern.Black and white framed photograph printed on paper.Obverse: 1,018/w.c. busse collection, wesley college, leo finn bernard cussen, supreme court of victoria, wilfred clarence busse, chiltern, murray river, barrister, author, bush life, the blue beyond, the golden plague, t. e. role gold medal, the history of chiltern, chiltern federal standard, chiltern athenaeum, historical novels, university of melbourne, gold rush, best seller

These carpentry items were owned and used by Archibald (Mick) Blackley, a local long-time resident of Numurkah. Born 1912 in Numurkah, Mick was the son of Archibald (Senior) and Grace Blackley, also residents of Numurkah. Archie Senior was a carter, horse-breaker, conducted a livery stable and worked at Brown Corke & Co for a number of years. Archie also served in the Veterinary Corps in WW1. Some of the tools donated belonged to Archie Senior eg wooden hand planes. Mick Blackley used his dad’s tools (and also added some of his own) when he worked in various carpentry jobs during the 1930’s and 1940’s. One particular carpentry job was during the depression when Mick relocated to the Wonthaggi State Coal Mines building stables for the horses, and also completing some building works inside the mines. Returning to Numurkah, Mick joined a Mr Murray as carpenter and painter to build and repair houses. He then joined another builder for 4 years (We think this was Jim Tuttle). Mick then went on to work at the Butter Factory (originally called Holdenson & Nielsen) where some of his carpentry skills were still used. Item list: • Wooden box for carpentry tools • 1 x steel pliers • 2 x wooden hand planes • 1 x tin snips • 1 x wooden spirit level in canvas bag • 1 x small wooden spirit level • 5 x wooden handled hand-saws • 1 x wooden handled right- angle square • 1 x wooden handled tenon-saw • 1 x steel plumbers wrench • 1 x wooden handled hedge-clippers • 1 x cloth & leather measuring tape • 1 x wooden mallet • 1 x narrow wooden plane • 1 x plastic handled hand-saw • 1 x plane blade sharpening stone • 1 x brace hand drill • 1 x compass for marking wood • 1 x cold chisel • 1 x set of various chisels and hand drill bits in a canvas bag • 1 x steel sike • Various other drill bits, chisels, files • 1 x wooden handled trowel • • 2 x steel garden secateurs • carpentry, building, wood, tools, planes, levels, chisels, hammers, saws, drills, drill bits