In the Middle Ages double-acting bellows was introduced. It had 2 parts, one operated by hand or foot, the other took air from it and was weighted so it forced air out while the part was filling. Blacksmithing is the shaping of hot iron and steel, usually by hammering. Very hot fires were produced by 1.a hot air blast. 2. burning charcoal (not wood). Bellows were used to make tools, fix equipment including machinery, drays, carriages, harnesses etc. Farmers in the Kiewa Valley often had their blacksmith forge. They made their own tools, were able to mend equipment, drays etc., gates, and most items that were made of iron and steel.Large Double Acting bellow with wooden top and bottom, shaped like a 'water drop' - narrow at one end and broad at the other. The wood is held by strips of wood and leather bound and placed around the perimeter. The wood on the top side has inscriptions (illegible). The wood on the bottom side has a rectangular hole. The narrow end feeds into a pipe to enable the fire to receive a hot blast of air. When the bellow is squeezed it allows both pieces of wood to be pushed together.Illegibleblackmiths, bellows, double acting bellow

Colour slide of legatees unloading wood in Melbourne, a young man is helping. He is carrying a log down the side of a terraced house while the widow is on her verandah with two children. It was during Operation Firewood. Legatees would organise collection of wood from the country and distribute it to widows in metropolitan Melbourne. Other slides show the cutting and loading of wood and delivery to widows in metropolitan Melbourne. Was with many other slides taken in the 1950s and 1960s. The slides have been photographed to make digital images and moved to archive quality sleeves. In many cases the original images were not well focussed and the digital image the best available.A record of Legacy helping widows by sourcing, supplying and delivering firewood. When open fires were the main source of heating, a load of firewood and help moving it, would have been very important to the widows.Colour slide of a young man carrying wood past a widow and child on their verandah in Melbourne during Operation Firewood in brown Anscochrome cardboard mount.Printed on front in red ink 'Anscochrome / View from this side / Made in Australia'. Hand written on front 'Local helpers' and '25' in blue pen. Printed on reverse in red ink 'Processed by Verycolor photo labs. Melbourne, Victoria'.operation firewood, semi trailers, wood

This Dice holder from the Woods Point goldfields would have been used to while away the time in the evenings, and the odd moments of time off during the day, children may have had use of it also, but would have had to be very careful not to lose the dice , because they would have been in big, big trouble. if the dice was lost !This item is of some significance because of its rareity and oral history passed on with the Item.Leather Dice Holder and Dice mounted on wooden base, leather dice holder is original. dice and wooden base is a mock up.(there is a small hole in the leather pouch 1.5cm from the bottom 2.5cm from the base, the hole is .2cm in size )W F Pickersgill Warburton 1960, Woods Point Gold Field circa 1890 app. Donated by Susan Issacs.recreation, leather, dice, dice holder, game, woods point, w f, pickersgill, mrs isaacs, mrs susan isaacs, yarra junction, gold field, game accessory gambling

Colour slide of a legatee delivering wood to a widow in Melbourne. He is met by a widow in apron at the rear of the property judging by the corrugated iron fence. It was during Operation Firewood. Legatees would organise collection of wood from the country and distribute it to widows in metropolitan Melbourne. Other slides show the cutting and loading of wood and delivery to widows in metropolitan Melbourne. Was with many other slides taken in the 1950s and 1960s. The slides have been photographed to make digital images and moved to archive quality sleeves. In many cases the original images were not well focussed and the digital image the best available.A record of Legacy helping widows by sourcing, supplying and delivering firewood. When open fires were the main source of heating, a load of firewood and help moving it, would have been very important to the widows.Colour slide of a legatee in overalls delivering wood at the rear of a property, where a widow is waiting, in Melbourne during Operation Firewood in brown Anscochrome cardboard mount.Printed on front in red ink 'Anscochrome / View from this side / Made in Australia'. Hand written on front 'Grateful smiles' in blue pen. Printed on reverse in red ink 'Processed by Verycolor photo labs. Melbourne, Victoria'.operation firewood, wood

Very old. Made of wood possibly beech wood.Used by carpenters and/or cabinet makers living in the Kiewa Valley.Wooden scribe - marking tool. A marking gauge is a measuring tool used in woodworking projects. It is ideal for marking out lines or scribing on various surfaces before sawing, chiseling, or cutting. Most models have a radius bottom edge ideal for sliding along the wood being marked, making it an easy tool to use.woodworkers tool, marking guage, wooden scribe

A washboard is a tool designed for hand washing clothing. The traditional washboard was usually constructed with a rectangular wooden frame in which are mounted a series of ridges or corrugations for the clothing to be rubbed upon. In the 19th-century, the ridges were often of wood; by the 20th-century, ridges of metal were more common. Later examples substituted corrugated glass of plastic for the metal.A domestic glass and wood wash board designed for use with a wash tub. laundry equipment, wash boards

A washboard is a tool designed for hand washing clothing. The traditional washboard was usually constructed with a rectangular wooden frame in which are mounted a series of ridges or corrugations for the clothing to be rubbed upon. In the 19th-century, the ridges were often of wood; by the 20th-century, ridges of metal were more common. Later examples substituted corrugated glass of plastic for the metal.A domestic glass and wood wash board designed for use with a wash tub. laundry equipment, wash boards

Established in 1897, Baker and Woods were initially electricians. The property in Hargreaves was taken over by a saddler and Baker and Woods moved to premises at 313 Hargreaves Street. The business expanded to include photographic equipment, phonographs and phot development. In 1903, Baker and Woods were responsible for converting the gas lighting in the Bendigo Town Hall to electricity. A fire caused by a short circuit caused extensive damage to the building in 1914.Baker & Woods Electrical Engineers and Photo Stock Dealers. Cream paper with Black print. At the top Hargreaves Street, Bendigo, Docket 221. Bought of Baker & Woods, Electrical Engineers and Photo Stock Dealers. Written in Pencil on the Docket is *Prairie. July 18 1914. Mr J. R. Stephens. Items listed:- Developing Film 1/6, Printing 24 Postcards 3/- 6/, postage -4p = 7/10. On the back written in blue biro is - 1290B. Box 625business, retail, photography, hargreaves street bendigo. baker & woods.

A box used to store and carry cartridges safely. It is protcted from moisture entering. Labelled with caliber, quantity and manufacturing date or lot number. The Martini-Henry is a single shot ricle with a lever action used in WWI.Sturdy rectangular wooden box with steel straps. At the top is a sliding opening with yellowish wood and printed black label."680 / Cartridges / Ball / b. L. Martini-Henry Arm / Mark V / R. L. " is printed in black on uellowish wood at the top centre of the box. More printing on the top each side "C & H' and "C?? / 19,2,75?"ammunition box, cartridge box, dederang rifle club

An early black and white photograph of the Marysville-Wood's Point Road at the corner with Murchison Street in Marysville in Victoria.An early black and white photograph of the Marysville-Wood's Point Road at the corner with Murchison Street in Marysville in Victoria. This postcard was published by the Valentine Publishing Co. Pty. Ltd. as a souvenir of Marysville.VALENTINE'S/ POST CARD/ A GENUINE PHOTOGRAPHmarysville, victoria, postcard, valentine publishing co, souvenir, murchison street, marysville-wood's point road

Being smaller than other bench planes, the coffin shaped smoothing plane is better able to work on smaller work pieces and around obstructions. Since the 1700s wooden smoothing planes have predominantly been 'coffin shaped' wider in the middle and slightly rounded making them more manoeuvrable. A vintage tool made by an unknown 18th or early 19th century woodworking tool maker. This item would have been made for individuals or cabinet makers that worked in wood and needed a tool that could produce a flat smooth finish to timber. These tools were used before routers and spindle moulders came into use in the late 19th and early 20th centuries before this time to produce either a decorative moulding or a smooth finish to furniture timber, door trims etc had to be accomplished using hand planing tools and in particular one of these types of planes. Traditionally wood planes were blocks of wear resistant hardwood, often beech or maple, which were worked to the shape of the intended moulding or had a flat blade use for achieving a flat and smooth finish to timber. The blade, or iron was likewise formed to the intended moulding profile or for smoothing and secured in the body of the plane with a wooden wedge. A traditional cabinetmakers shop might have many, perhaps hundreds, of moulding and flat bladed planes for a full range of work to be performed. Large crown mouldings required planes of six or more inches in width, which demanded great strength to push and often had additional peg handles on the sides, allowing the craftsman's apprentice or other worker to pull the plane ahead of the master who guided it. These vintage planes are well sought after by collectors of antique tools due to their rarity. A significant tool from the 18th to early 19th century that today is quite rare and sought after by collectors. It gives us a snapshot of how furniture and other decorative finishes were created on timber by the use of hand tools. Tools that were themselves hand made shows the craftsmanship used during this time not only to make a tool such as the subject item but also the craftsmanship needed to produce a decorative finish that was needed to be made for any timber furniture item. Wood smoothing plane known as a coffin plane due to it's shape, wood insert screwed on front of base. Stamped "MILLER". Inscribed "X" (probably the size)flagstaff hill, warrnambool, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, cabinet makers tools, woodworking tools, wood plane, smoothing plane, timber finishing, furniture manufacture

A handmade wood travel trunk, with internal cupboard fastened by wing clips, side brass handles, brass hinges and a central brass lock with latch for padlock Early settlers used these handmade trunks to bring their worldly goods to the new Settlements in Australia c1850A typical travel trunk used by pioneer settlers as they traveled on sailing ships from Europe to Australia c 1852A Handmade wood Travel Trunk , with internal cupboard, brass handles, lock and hinges c 1860NILpioneers, moorabbin shire, dendy's special survey 1842 brighto, dendy henry, were j.b., moorabbin roads board, market gardeners, early settlers, bent thomas, sailing ships, emigration to melbourne 1850, methodist church, henry box, holloway josiah, box willian, poultry farmers, flower farms, orchards

This wood is made from Red River Gum tree wood, these trees live for between 500 to 1,000 years of age. The wood in this bowl has been carbon dated in the USA to be 4,500 years old.This bowl is significant because of the age of the wood it is made from. 000016 Wooden Fruit Bowl The timber this fruit bowl was made from was a red gum tree taken from the Ovens river at Tarrawingee (12 km from Wangaratta)where it had been submerged for years. It was made on a lathe by Ken Hill. The bowl warped and cracked shortly after being turned. A piece of the wood was taken to the USA by a visitor where it was carbon dated to be 4500 years old Measurements: Diameter: 22cm Height: 6cm Colour: Dark red brown Photographed beside a piece of natural red gum Tarrawingee is 12 Km North East of Wangaratta on the Great Alpine Road Significance: 4500 year old red gum wood is rare in this area. red river gum wooden bowl wangaratta historical society

The original small, pioneer cottage was built in the late 1840s to early1850s, by an unknown pioneer. It was located on part of a 30 Acre allotment that was originally part of Henry Dendy’s 'Special Survey Brighton' granted in 1841 (5120acres). There is a small display of external cladding shingles from the original pioneer cottage. Wooden shingles were usually thin (3⁄8 to 3⁄4 in or 10 to 19 mm), relatively narrow (3 to 8 in or 76 to 203 mm), of varying length (14 to 36 in or 360 to 910 mm), and almost always planed smooth. The traditional method for making wooden shingles was to rive - hand split - them from straight-grained knot-free sections of logs pre-cut to the desired length known as bolts. These bolts were quartered or split into wedges. A mallet and axe were used to split out thin pieces of wood. The wood species varied according to available local woods, but only the more durable inner section of the log was usually used. The softer sapwood generally was not used because it deteriorated quickly. Because hand-split shingles were somewhat irregular along the split surface, it was necessary to dress or plane the shingles to make them fit evenly on the roof. This reworking was necessary to provide a tight-fitting roof over typically open shingle lath or sheathing boards. These are the original shingles found on Box Cottage by L Lewis 1970 and used in the reconstruction in 19843 x wood Shingles used on roof of Box Cottage c 1850box cottage museum ormond, henry dendy special survey brighton 1841, brighton, moorabbin shire, parish of moorabbin, county of bourke,cottages, pioneers, ormond, colonial, mckinnon, dendy henry, box william, box elizabeth, reitman william, convicts, lewis timber co. ltd., deam h, museums, box alonzo, smith a,

Colour slide of legatees loading cut wood onto a semi trailer. Similar to another slide which was labelled being in Merton Victoria. The white and blue car features in other Operation Firewood photos. Both the car and the truck have yellow 'Operation Firewood' posters stick to them. It was during Operation Firewood. Legatees would organise collection of wood from the country and distribute it to widows in metropolitan Melbourne. Other slides show the cutting and loading of wood and delivery to widows in metropolitan Melbourne. Was with many other slides taken in the 1950s and 1960s. The slides have been photographed to make digital images and moved to archive quality sleeves. In many cases the original images were not well focussed and the digital image the best available.A record of Legacy helping widows by sourcing, supplying and delivering firewood. When open fires were the main source of heating, a load of firewood and help moving it, would have been very important to the widows.Colour slide of legatees loading wood on a semi trailer near a white and blue car during Operation Firewood in brown Anscochrome cardboard mount.Printed on front in red ink 'Anscochrome / View from this side / Made in Australia'. Printed on reverse in red ink 'Processed by Verycolor photo labs. Melbourne, Victoria'.operation firewood, wood, semi trailers, cars

In the high tech, fast paced society that we live in, it’s easy to take some things for granted. Case in point: the wood cutting board on which you’ll probably be preparing the evening’s dinner. Have you ever taken the time to think about the history of the cutting board? Where did it come from, and what did ancient civilizations use to cut their meats, fruits and vegetables? Wood throughout the ages Since the dawn of time, wood has been one of the most available materials used by mankind to build tools and lodgings, so it’s not really surprising to know that wood has been used in the preparation of food since the prehistoric ages. Of course, back then, cavemen probably used an unpolished slab of tree trunk to cut the kill of the day on and they probably didn’t think twice about saving it once the meal was over. Chances are they probably threw it in the fire with the rest of the wood needed to kindle it. Advances in technology Throughout the centuries, mankind evolved and started creating machines from steam, electricity and metal. When the circular saw was invented, nicer, cleaner slabs of wood were cut and used as cutting boards. Since soft wood was the most available type of wood at the time, it was the material of choice for to be used for cutting boards. Boards were made smaller since the slab of wood could now be cut to any desired size. Since they were made smaller, they were also used to eat off of and some people referred to them as trenchers. Trenchers were originally pieces of stale hard bread that were used as substitute plates. Wood trenchers quickly became the replacements of the eatable dinnerware. The butcher block: the cutting board’s larger cousin In the industrial ages, many industries rapidly developed, and the butchery industry followed this trend as well. Before the invention of the cutting board, butchers used tree rounds to carve their meat on. The rounds were often too soft and they rapidly became unsanitary. Hard maple wood butcher blocks were the preferred choice of the industry. They were made to be extremely thick and durable, so durable in fact, that a butcher could use the same block for almost his entire career. Cutting boards around the world As cutting boards began to be more and more used in kitchens around North America, the rest of the world crafted such boards from different materials. The East used thick bamboo as their material of choice. Despite its frail appearance, bamboo is quite strong and made durable cutting boards and butcher blocks. Europe used maple in the crafting of their cutting boards while Persia used flat pieces of polished wood in their kitchens. The world then saw cutting boards that were being made from other materials like plastic and they came in all shapes and sizes, but they always served the same purpose, to provide a household with a safe, clean surface on which to prepare meals for their friends and family members. https://www.woodcuttingboards.com/news/quick-history-of-the-cutting-board-47.aspxThe bread board is an example of kitchen equipment used during Victorian times and similar to those used today.Bread board. Wooden, octagonal, plain sanded light wood. Has decoration around edge and indented circular line to delineate round cutting board section.None.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, bread board, cutting board, pastry board, kitchen utensil, kitchen equipment, baking equipment, food preparation

Very early scene of Cowes showing the jetty, Isle of Wight Hotel and jetty shed. Charles Turner was an English mezzotint engraver and draughtsman who specialized in portraiture. HistoricalA4 colour photocopy of a print of a wood engraving by Charles Turner of the Cowes jetty. Large beige frame around print.At Cowes, Phillip Island. from the commemorative work, Victoria in 1880, published in Melbourne to mark the International Exhibition held that year. Fine prints of notable buildings and street scenes, as well as views of the country and suburban areas of the colony. Wood engraving.cowes jetty, charles turner, isle of wight hotel, jetty shed, wood engraving

An agricultural tool used by loggers, or farmers, the log splitting wedge has been used for thousands of years and was originally made from stone. They were either driven straight into the wood or into a previously made incision with the blade parallel to the grain. Using a sledgehammer or other tool hammered onto the flat end, the wedge is forced deeper into the log until the force splits the timber.Used by the donor in clearing timber at Olinda and Shady Creek, Victoria. Forms part of a timber clearing tool collection including cross cut saws and Trewhella jack.wood cutting/splitting wedge. Steel. commercially made. Has relief groove.TROJAN [stamped on side]timber cutting;, timber splitting, olinda, shady creek, churchill island heritage farm, wilfred dungan collection

An agricultural tool used by loggers, or farmers, the log splitting wedge has been used for thousands of years and was originally made from stone. They were either driven straight into the wood or into a previously made incision with the blade parallel to the grain. Using a sledgehammer or other tool hammered onto the flat end, the wedge is forced deeper into the log until the force splits the timber.wood splitting wedge; commercially made; steel; surface rust; with relief groovetimber splitting, churchill island heritage farm, olinda, shady creek

An agricultural tool used by loggers, or farmers, the log splitting wedge has been used for thousands of years and was originally made from stone. They were either driven straight into the wood or into a previously made incision with the blade parallel to the grain. Using a sledgehammer or other tool hammered onto the flat end, the wedge is forced deeper into the log until the force splits the timber.wood splitting wedge; commercially made; steel; relief groove; surface rusttimber splitting, churchill island heritage farm, olinda, shady creek, wilfred dungan collection

A photo of Operation Firewood which provided help to widows by supplying and stacking firewood for the winter. Photo shows a truck being loaded with wood in May 1987. From a black and white photo (00765) taken that day the men standing on the truck are Legatee Ken Markey from Cobram/Yarrawonga and Legatee Jack Gunn from Melbourne. From the 1987 Annual Report this photo is captioned "Cobram/Yarrawonga Legatees organised and loaded 450 tonnes of firewood which was transported to Melbourne in trucks donated by ten generous firms and delivered to 154 needy widows under the supervision of local Melbourne Legatees." Legacy provided this service for many years, with the help of Linfox who provided the trucks. In the June 1995 edition of The Answer Melbourne Legacy thanked the Cobram/Yarrawonga Group for their help in supplying and cutting the wood. In 1996 it was announced the scheme had ended.A record of Legacy helping widows by supplying and stacking firewood. When open fires were the main source of heating, a load of firewood and help moving it, would have been very important to the widows.Colour photo of Legatees Ken Markey and Jack Gunn with a truck of wood for Operation Firewood.Handwritten on back: "Operation Firewood / Cobram, May 1987"operation firewood, widows

This small bowl was won by Alex Todd for marksmanship at the Holy Trinity Anglican Church Bazaar in Bacchus Marsh in 1935. It was described in the Bacchus Marsh Express newspaper as a piece of Local Objet d'Art. The Express noted that it was 'made and donated to the Ladies' Guild by Mr. Walter Simon, of Bacchus Marsh. A local osage orange tree furnished the wood for the bowl, which was one of many articles that Mr. Simon's lathe has shaped from time to time, the grain of the osage timber being especially suitable for such work', Express, 25 May, 1935, p.2. A small polished wood bowl with unattached wooden lid. woodworking

Training exercise codename "Hamel Wood" was conducted at Puckapunyal to teach infantry and armoured soldiers techniques for cooperative action.Infantry on board an M113 APC of VMR Squadron 4/19 Prince of Wales Light Horse during Exercise " Hamel Wood ", Puckapunyal 24 August - 8 Sept. 1991.military -, vmr, apc, puckapunyal, exercise

A digital copy of an early black and white photograph of the Marysville-Wood's Point Road at the corner with Murchison Street in Marysville in Victoria.A digital copy of an early black and white photograph of the Marysville-Wood's Point Road at the corner with Murchison Street in Marysville in Victoria. This postcard was published by the Valentine Publishing Co. Pty. Ltd. as a souvenir of Marysville.marysville, victoria, postcard, valentine publishing co, souvenir, murchison street, marysville-wood's point road