The earthquake at Napier, also known as the Hawke's Bay Earthquake, took place on 03 February 1931 at about 10.45 am. There was no warning before the ground started to heave and roll in waves. It was not possible to stand without support, and the violent motion caused stone and brick buildings to collapse into the streets causing death and injury to hundreds who were going about there daily business. Fires started almost immediately, and with the water mains shattered, the fire fighters were powerless to stop or prevent the spread of the flames. Within twelve hours the greater part of the business area of Napier and its port was totally destroyed. As a result of the pressure which caused the upheaval, the levels of the town and the surrounding district have been altered. The town and the harbour were raised from five to seven feet, and many parts of the inner harbour became dry land. Small booklet of 18 pages with photographic comparisons of New Zealand's Napier region before and after the 1931 earthquake.napier, new zealand, earthquake, lovell-smith, stedman, boston, port ahururu, westshore, clive square, hawke's bay

Image of burial site of Sgt Albert Robert WILLS born 16.11.1917 at Bendigo -VX 5275 He enlisted in 1939 embarked on HMT 'Ettrick" on 14/4/1940 after basic training at Puckapunyal. Disembarked in Egypt on 18/5/1940 and saw action at Bardia, Greece and Syria. Spent time in Lebanon and Ceylon before returning to Australia on 4/8/1942. On 13/10/42 disembarked at Milne Bay New Guinea and took part in the battle for Wau securing the airstrip and surrounding area after heavy fighting. Between 6-9 Feb 2/5 Bn C and D companies supported by A company spearheaded the attack engaged and defeated the enemy thus ending the battle of Wau Sgt WILLS was one of 28 men killed in action in the Crystal Creek area on 7/2/1943 and is buried at Lae War Cemetery. Black and white image of grave with white cross Cof E VX 5275 SGT A R WILLS 2/5 Aust. Inf. Bn. 7.2.43 Rear is stamped with Photograph supplied by Directorate of Graves Registration Victoria Barracks Melbourne - Buried at Laea.r. wills, vx 5275, 2/5th aust. inf. bn, new guinea

Letter lists the service history of Sgt A R WILLS VX 5275 2/5 Infantry Battalion. He enlisted in 1939 embarked on HMT 'Ettrick" on 14/4/1940 after basic training at Puckapunyal. Disembarked in Egypt on 18/5/1940 and saw action at Bardia, Greece and Syria. Spent time in Lebanon and Ceylon before returning to Australia on 4/8/1942. On 13/10/42 disembarked at Milne Bay New Guinea and took part in the battle for Wau securing the airstrip and surrounding area after heavy fighting. Between 6-9 Feb 2/5 Bn C and D companies supported by A company spearheaded the attack engaged and defeated the enemy thus ending the battle of Wau Sgt WILLS was one of 28 men killed in action in the Crystal Creek area on 7/2/1943 and is buried at Lae War Cemetery.Letter consisting of letterhead above black typing on white paperAt top 2/5 Australian Infantry Battalion Association 1939-1945 Dated 27 April 2000 At bottom "Sans regret"a r wills, 2/5th aust. inf. bn, lae, new guinea, battle for wau, kia, crystal creek

On 15 January 1964 the Shire of Otway was going to poll its ratepayers about a loan required to build temporary municipal workshops and a Shire Engineer's office in the Apollo Bay Riding. This led to a number of objections at public meetings in the west and central ridings, such that a Committee of protest was formed, with a nominated Chairman, Secretary and members, to put to ratepayers their considered point-of-view of disapproval. After drafts the Committee produced a printed flyer for distribution to ratepayers summarising the Committee's position. The Committee knew and agreed with a Council Sub-Committee's recommendation to Council of a new, adequate building on one site of suitable size. However, this did not happen. Instead Council moved for loans for temporary renovations of existing buildings. This the Committee objected to believing that Council must decide on a final location before any consideration is given to borrowing money for temporary repairs. This was the opinion the Committee put to ratepayers.B/W Flyer. Otway Ratepayers' Poll on January 15. This concerns YOU. To the Ratepayer as addressed. Details on Ballot Paper.ratepayers; shire of otway;

Just off Port Phillip Heads on April 12 1936, a strong wave struck the Nairana, tipping her over for two minutes before she righted herself again. During the horrifying two minutes, four people were drowned, and eight people were injured. The ship was reportedly carrying roughly one tonne of concrete in the hull when she tipped. Reports from the local papers said that it was a tidal wave meanwhile others were saying it was either an earthquake or a total lie. A later paper said that the ship had been caught in a rip at the mouth of the bay, causing the tragedy. The S.S Nairana, was sold for £4,000 (over $170,200 in today’s money!) in 1951 after two years of being stranded on the beach at Port Melbourne, when the moorings broke one night during a storm and drifted ashore, causing her to wreck.After WWI in 1920 she was decommisioned as a seaplane carrier and returned to her Australian owners crossing Bass Strait until she was laid up in 1948.Pair of oars from the Nairanaoars, ss nairana

The 2/8th Armoured Regiment was raised in June 1941 under the command of Lieutenant Colonel W G Hopkins with officers and men selected from the wider AIF in Victoria. The regiment trained in newly arrived M3 General Grant tanks at Puckapunyal before moving north to Singleton, then the Wee Waa plains. The regiment sailed for New Guinea in April 1943 and carried out mobile defence to airfields at Port Moresby, Milne Bay, Dobadura and Popondetta. The regiment returned to Australia in February 1944 and disbanded as an armoured regiment and retrained as Nos 41, 42 and 43 Landing Craft Companies. They returned to the South West pacific serving at Bougainville, Balikpapan, Lae and Wewak. Captain Ken Menzies, son of Sir Robert and Dame Pattie Menzies served with the Regiment and consequently Dame Pattie became patron of the Regimental Association after the war.Rare document associated with an armoured regiment of WWII (1939-45) autographed by the patron Dame Pattie Menzies.Folded coloured card being Menu and Program for luncheon held at the Melbourne Bowling Club, Windsor, to commemorate the 50th Anniversary of the founding of the 2/8th Australian Armoured Regiment. Enamel lapel pin attached to front cover.Autograph of Patron on front cover Dame Pattie Menzies GBE "Pattie Menzies "; on back cover "Ian (Kilty) McKay / Lorna McKay" and "Pattie Menzies"2/8th armoured regiment, menzies pattie dame

WANNON 567 gross tons. Lbd: 167'4" x 26'6" x 11'. Steel hulled, single screw steam coaster, coal burner (burnt briquettes when on Melbourne-Tassie run); 3cyl triple expansion steam engine, 61 nhp; built 1919 at Enkhuisen, Holland, as Boschpolder; 1920 as British flag Rawlinson; 1922 to Canterbury Steamship Co. Ltd. Lyttleton, N.Z, as Gale; 1935 to Belfast & Koroit Steam navigation Co. Ltd., Melbourne, renamed Wannon to ply the Portland, Port Fairy, Warrnambool, Apollo Bay, Melbourne trade route after the loss of S.S.Coramba off Phillip Island. World War 2 as (S-153) carried general equipment, stores to U.S. Army camps at islands such as Woodlark, Kiriwina, Goodenough. Also served at Lae, Finschhafen and Wewak. Returned to owners and in 1957 went to Hong Kong shipbreakers hand tinted photograph of shipship, boat, sea, river, s.s.wannon

Annual report on activities and financial performance of Kelaston, including the closure of the laneway behind Kelaston in preparation for the expected rebuilding, appointment of Dawn Veale, Rod McDonald, Deborah Hoover, Jane Brownfield and Anne Johnson, challenge issued to other centres to find the longest serving volunteer with no one beating Avenel McClure's record of 59 years with the Ballarat Auxiliary starting as a driver, Terry Fraser seconded to Mirridong, farewell to Teresa Skyrpko who use to carry bags of coal to fuel the stoves when she began 34 years ago, 4 residents attended a holiday at Halls Gap, Port Phillip Bay cruise for 2 residents, three people celebrated turning 100 (or more), establishment of an awareness program of vision impairment for Ballarat primary school students and the Low Vision Clinic in Horsham began operations.1 printed volume with illustrationskelaston home (ballarat), association for the blind, corporation records

Annual report of the Association for the Advancement of the Blind outlined activities and events over the year, including membership of 299, 1000 visits were paid during the year, the Public Works department erected a set of steps from the top of the cliff to the sands so that Home residents may be able to access the beach, Railway Permits will now also be honoured on the Prahran-Malvern Electric Tramway and Bay Excursion Steamers, a concert party toured to Egerton, Ballan, Bacchus Marsh, Myrniong and Toolern Vale for the dual purpose of raising awareness and funds for the Association, Mr A Solomon has been appointed as a second Collector to visit Country Towns and with the support of the wife of the Minister for Public Works, Miss Aston and Miss Munce waited on the Lady Mayoress of Melbourne, gave her full support to organise a fund to purchase the land and buildings in Mair Street for the Association.1 volume of printed material with some illustrationsassociation for the advancement of the blind, annual reports

This souvenir represents the Hovell Tree, a local historic landmark in Albury, NSW. This item is from a collection donated by descendants of John Francis Turner of Wodonga. The Hovell Tree commemorates the exploration and naming of the Hume River (now the Murray) by Hume and Hovell`s expedition of 1824. In 1824, Governor Brisbane asked Hume to join forces with an English sea captain, William Hovell, to go from Lake George to the Spencer Gulf in South Australia. The Hovell Tree, marked by William Hovell on November 17, 1824 was flanked by another tree marked by Hamilton Hume which was destroyed by fire in the 1840's. The river gum was marked by William Hovell when discovering river. Hume and Hovell travelled from the Yass area and after crossing the Murray River where Lake Hume now is, they crossed the Mitta Mitta River and proceeded to Corio Bay, Westernport.This item is representative of souvenirs produced to represent key buildings and historic landmarks in the Albury-Wodonga district.A white cup with gilt trim around the lip. It bears an image of the Hovell Tree in Albury, NSWBeneath image: "HOVELL'S TREE, ALBURY."albury souvenirs, hovell tree, hume and hovell, australian exploration

Michael Turner born in 1934 is a British painter and illustrator specialising in motoring and aviation paintings. After leaving school he attended Art College followed by National Service with the Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers for 2 years. On leaving National Service he worked with a London advertising studio before turning freelance in1957. The Bristol Blenheim depicted in the painting was a British light bomber used extensively for 2 years of the Second World War. It was powered by a pair of Bristol Mercury V111 air cooled radial engines capable of developing 860 bhp. armament was a combination of Vickers, Browning and Lewis machine guns in .303 ( 7.7mm ). A 1000lb (450kg ) could be carried in the internal bomb bay in the centre section of the fuselage. The 114 Squadron was a Squadron of the British Royal Air Force formed in India during the First World War. The Squadron was disbanded in 1971.Large wooden framed painting of an RAF WW2 bomber in flight.Below the painting is the wording " A 114 Squadron Blenheim 1V on a low level bombing run over the power station at Knapsack Cologne, in August 1941 - donated by Laurie Pillar".

The Huon Pine whaleboat was made on site by the boat builders at Flagstaff Hill in1989, of the clinker-planked construction method. Whaling was carried out in the 1790s up until the 1970s in the Southern Ocean off the coast of Australia, including southwest Victoria. The whales were hunted for their oil, baleen, meat and other products. It was a lucrative but very dangerous occupation. The small whaleboats with their five crew members were easy to maneuver but also easily overturned by a writhing whale. The Southern Right whales had desirable attributes; they came close to shore, they were slow swimmers and they floated when dead - hence the name 'Right' describing the right whale to hunt. The whale population was greatly reduced until 1979 when the Australian government prohibited whaling. These whales still visit the area annually to breed in the shallow bays along what is now called the Shipwreck Coast of Victoria. The whaleboat represents a significant time in Australia between the 1790s and 1979, when the whaling trade was carried in this area, and around Australia, providing employment and meeting the demand for whale oil, meat and other products. A time during which the population of whales was greatly depleted. Australian whaleboat; a long narrow vessel constructed of clinker-planked Huon Pine timber. It has provision for a crew of 5five oarsmen and a sweep or helmsman. Made in 1989.flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, maritime museum, maritime village, great ocean road, shipwreck coast, whaleboat, vessel, clinker built, huon pine whaleboat, whaling, whaleling industry

This historic site of Australia’s first open-air gallery is being redeveloped in 2023 for multi-housing fronting the Research Creek. In 1955, Ian and Joan Hassall moved to Eltham. They took a property on the corner of Zig Zag Road and Main Road, Eltham, north of the township (later known as 1215 Main Road). In July 1962, they opened their open-air gallery. Hassall’s Roadside Galley, “…cradled in the fold of hills to the north of Eltham” inspired by Ian’s own experience of exhibitions along the Embankment in London. The property included remnants of a stone quarry, paintings were hung on screens and removed at night. Various pedestals, that looked like giant mushrooms displayed sculpture, pottery, and jewellery. It had a small natural amphitheatre at the foot of a little sandstone cliff that fall away to the bed of a stream. To enter the gallery, a visitor crossed a small freestone bridge of oriental design, built by Hassall from local stone. The bridge spanned the stream flowing beneath great willow trees. Near the entrance wooden figures were displayed formed from pieces of local wood, said to speak to Ian Hassall’s sense of fun. Hassall’s Gallery was the first gallery of its kind in Australia. Ian became a full-time artist and when it first opened, he exhibited paintings he had made while touring the outback with writer and fellow Eltham resident Alan Marshall. He also exhibited other Australian artists over time including locals Lindsay Edward and Peter Glass.daryl morrow collection, eltham heights luxury living, hassalls roadside gallery, housing development, real estate development, research creek, 2023-07-10

This historic site of Australia’s first open-air gallery is being redeveloped in 2023 for multi-housing fronting the Research Creek. In 1955, Ian and Joan Hassall moved to Eltham. They took a property on the corner of Zig Zag Road and Main Road, Eltham, north of the township (later known as 1215 Main Road). In July 1962, they opened their open-air gallery. Hassall’s Roadside Galley, “…cradled in the fold of hills to the north of Eltham” inspired by Ian’s own experience of exhibitions along the Embankment in London. The property included remnants of a stone quarry, paintings were hung on screens and removed at night. Various pedestals, that looked like giant mushrooms displayed sculpture, pottery, and jewellery. It had a small natural amphitheatre at the foot of a little sandstone cliff that fall away to the bed of a stream. To enter the gallery, a visitor crossed a small freestone bridge of oriental design, built by Hassall from local stone. The bridge spanned the stream flowing beneath great willow trees. Near the entrance wooden figures were displayed formed from pieces of local wood, said to speak to Ian Hassall’s sense of fun. Hassall’s Gallery was the first gallery of its kind in Australia. Ian became a full-time artist and when it first opened, he exhibited paintings he had made while touring the outback with writer and fellow Eltham resident Alan Marshall. He also exhibited other Australian artists over time including locals Lindsay Edward and Peter Glass.daryl morrow collection, eltham heights luxury living, hassalls roadside gallery, housing development, real estate development, research creek, 2023-07-13

In 1916 students were examined by the Victorian Education Department and not by the local school. This included small rural schools and involved mail delivery.Mongan's Bridge was a small, remote, rural school in the Kiewa Valley.Large brown thick cardboard envelope with traditional triangle flap for opening and broken red seal. Yellow/brown with black writing and x2 pale green 3d stamps on the top right-hand corner (green kangaroo inside white map of Australia). In black writing: OHMS Examination Papers Only / Not to be Opened till 9 am on 21-11-1916. Addressed to: The Head Teacher / School No" 3403 / Mongan's Bridge / Via Dederang" (" to " hand written in grey lead on ruled line) At bottom left of envelope: 0 x2 and underneath M x2 / Education Department / Melbourne. On back: Seemingly unrelated and hard to read writing and figures.On Back: Seemingly unrelated and hard to read writing and figures. education, mongan's bridge school, teacher, examinations, australian stamps, assessment in the primary school

18 page self-guided walk No. 1 of Ballarat with three staples along left hand edge. Page 1 incorporates a short history of Ballarat, followed by tour commencing at Ballarat Visitor Information Centre, 33 Sturt St., west to Lydiard St., south to former goal (jail) and return to Railway station. Returning to Sturt St. via Mair and Camp Streets finishing up in Bridge St. Mall. Interest: Page 3, under "2. Sturt St.", on paragraph on electric trams and second re 'Ballarat Vintage Tramway'. Mrs. Jennifer Barnes is the wife of City of Ballarat Councillor, Mr. John Barnes$2 (in blue biro top left hand corner page 1) - cost price of purchase from Ballarat Visitor Information Centre.local history, ballarat railway station, heritage buildings, tourism

Set of two Black and white photographs on Kodak paper of the track reconstruction in Hawthorn Road Caulfield, Inkerman St. area. Photo taken during early Oct. 1965. East track was complete by 9/10/1965 (Electric Traction 11/1965). 1421.1 - Hawthorn Road, looking north from Inkerman St. SW6 953 outbound. 1421.2 - Hawthorn Road between Inkerman St and Balaclava Road - SW6 853 outbound, passing an inbound tram. Note steel-wood cross over bridge between the two tracks. See P.Winspur note - and Electric Traction Nov. 1965 and data sheet for Reg. Item 1418trams, tramways, hawthorn road, caulfield, trackwork, mmtb, tram 953

Pocket size - folded - public transport map of Melbourne, printed in colours showing the bus, train and tram routes around Melbourne. Has a cover price of 10c. No printing date shown, but c1970 as distances are still in imperial, the West gate bridge is shown, though so is the Williamstown Ferry. Gives telephone numbers in 6 digit figures. Lists route numbers for trams, tramways board bus services and private services. Gives various telephone numbers for further information. Notes the map is a combined effort of the Tramways Board, Victorian Railways, Bus Proprietors' Association and the Transport Regulation Board. Single sheet of paper folded in 9 x 3 folds.trams, tramways, melbourne, map, public transport, routes

Yields information about the use of the trams in Bridge St - the major shopping strip at the time in Ballarat, shows the nature of the strip at the Grenville St end, the motor cars in use at the time and of the some of the shops.Black and White photograph mounted on heavy cardboard backing. Photo of Ballarat No. 26 outward bound to Victoria St, entering the west end of Bridge St. Tram has destination of "Victoria St." Has Dickins, Faull's Shoes and Big W (Woolworths) buildings in image.. Taken by John Phillips late 1960's or early 1970's. Has 6 Velcro dots on rear and marks where mounting devices have been removed on the rear. Note image scanned in two runs through a scanner, resulting in the shading in the image file. .1 - ditto same image, has five Velcro dots mounted on rear.trams, tramways, bridge st, victoria st, tram 26

Yields information about the nature of operating a tramway system in Ballarat, collisions with motor cars. Shows the accident and the clean up process.Black and White copy photograph of a newspaper photograph taken by The Courier, photo taken 6/03/1969, published 6/04/1969? - No. 18 derailed after collision with a Holden motor car at the intersection of Grenville and Bridge Sts, looking east, close-up of damaged car. 3751.2 - not published. Shows Policeman, tow truck, tow truck operator and tram and onlookers. Tram had the destination of Mt Pleasant. Dickins and Neptune signs in the photo. Collected by Alan Bradley from the Ballarat Courier early 1980's. See Excel file "Record of Ballarat Courier Photos SEC era" (Archive Documents) for source of details.On rear stamped "Copyright, The Ballarat Courier Proprietary Limited."tramways, trams, bridge st, accidents, derailments, tow trucks, tram 18

Two part object. (1) A metal Chemold 'Tony Roche Autograph' tennis racquet with double shaft and metal bridge. Black plastic shaft casing and butt cap. Adhesive label on butt has Chemold name & logo. Logo stickers also on shaft casing. Handle wrapped with brown leather grip tape. Autographed on handle by Tony Roche. (2) White vinyl racquet head cover with zipper. Signed in black marker: 'TO ROLF/I'M A GREAT MATE/TONY ROCHE'. Also has manufacturer name/trademeark printed in red & blue. Materials: Metal, Adhesive tape, Leather, Plastic, Adhesive label, Vinyl, Inktennis

This set of photos is from a leather bound album bearing the inscription "HUME RESERVOIR AUSTRALIA" plus 'The Rt. Hon. L. C. M. S. Amery, P. C., M .P.' all inscribed in gold. It was presented to The Rt. Hon. L. C. M. S. Amery, P. C., M. P, Secretary of State for Dominion Affairs on the occasion of his visit to the Hume Reservoir on 2nd November 1927. This album is of local and national significance as it documents the planning and development of the Hume Reservoir up to 1927. It was the largest water reservoir in the British Empire. The album records the pioneering engineering work that went into its construction.DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS, N.S.W. RIVER MURRAY WATERS SCHEME. HUME RESERVOIR. 19. Driving first row of piles for coffer dam across the river. New South Wales. December 1925. Cofferdams are temporary structures used where construction is being carried out in areas submerged in water. They are most commonly used to facilitate the construction or repair of dams, piers and bridges. To divert the river, a Coffer Dam was built across the old bed above and below the Dam site and tying into the end of the concrete wall built inside the levee bank. This completely surrounded the remainder of the site of the Dam and south wing wall, including an area of 12½ acres. hume reservoir australia, river murray waters scheme, hume reservoir construction

The Harvest Home Hotel was licensed as a beer shop in 1866. Patrick Vallence was the licensee. On his death in 1874 his widow Mrs M. A. Vallence obtained the license. The date that this image was created has not been identified. Around 1883 George Marshall was leasing the hotel. The people in this image are could be members of the Marshall family and some of the staff who worked in the hotel at this time. Following a decrease in the population of Bacchus Marsh by 1911 the hotel had lost its licence. The Vallence family still owned the building after the loss of the hotel license in 1911and it was used for some years after this as a private residence by some members of the Vallence family. Small black and white photograph. The image depicts the Harvest Home Hotel situated in Main Street Bacchus Marsh. The name of the hotel can be seen above the verandah roof. The building appears to be of stone with decorative stonework corners. A verandah is inset to the left of a gabled front section which has its own door and window. A deep gutter runs along the front of the hotel, with a slab acting as a bridge to the road. Standing in front of the building facing the camera is a group of adults and children, men and women and boys and girls. A four seated buggy drawn by a single horse is also present in the image. The lantern erected above the horse trough can be seen.hotels bacchus marsh, vallence family bacchus marsh, marshall family bacchus marsh, harvest home hotel bacchus marsh

Newspaper Clipping - set of nine sheets of newspaper clippings adhered to both sides of a sheet of ruled quarto paper with punched holes on the left hand side - various newspapers, mainly to do with Tom Pesteranovich and his black listing following working during a strike, industrial courts, use of University students, Conductor John Brooker also black banned, stop work meetings, . Also covers new train fares, St Kilda Junction works, derailments on the rail system, fire damage to rail bridges and a note inviting people to join Puffing Billy. See also Reg Items 2561 and 2693 for further items on this industrial matter.trams, tramways, mmtb, kew depot, unions, drivers, strike, st kilda junction, fares, railways, derailments

A5 size publication of the Gipps-Land Gate, September 1971. 20 pages, featuring a drawing of The Old Stone Bridge (1867-1919) on the cover. Birds-eye View of Dandenong Show On The Clow St. Ground Before The Move To Greaves Reserve Few Changes In Office Bearers Change in Membership Fees To Mark a Vanished Settlement Intriguiging Early Plans Displayed Just For The Record Old Burial Ground Located We Mourn Them Did You Know? The Dandenong Show Committee's First 100 Years Keeping Posted Interesting Milestones Turning Back The Pages 75 Years The Native Police Corps Dandenong Flashback Market A Distinguishing Feature An interesting group of Early Dandenong Personalities and eventshotel history, early education in dandenong, interesting milestones

K2,3 and4 are of the Kiewa River and two of the bridges spanning the river along the valley. K3 and K4 would have been taken in the 1880's and show the type of trees and plant growth along the river prior to land clearing for farming. K5 is of the Running Creek Cricket Team and therefore there was sufficient population in the area to form and maintain a team as well as have other teams in the relatively near vicinity to provide competition. Note the horse drawn cart which provided transport. Date taken is unknown but possibly c 1910. The Mt. Buffalo Chalet was built in 1910 by the Victorian Government. It was Australia's first ski resort and has served generations of skiiers, hikers and families over the years. It was built for 3195 pounds and has had stories and wings added since and is the largest timber building in Australia. B4 is the earliest photo in this group as the garden is in early stages of development - the other photos show the growth of the shrubs and would be taken about c 1920. Note the cars and motor bikes. It closed in 2006. The other photos are of general interest only but interesting to see that there were donkey's grazing. There is no information as to their purpose on Mt. Buffalo. Four different Kiewa Valley families are represented in the photographs. Their descendants still live in the Valley and carry on the traditions of beef and dairy farming. Of particular interest is the photo of Miss Marjorie Clemence, the first School Teacher of Upper Gundowring School. Gundowring pastoral run was taken up in 1838 and occupied by framers in the 1860's. The area was known as Gundowring and Upper Gundowring. The Gundowring School was opened in 1871 and most likely the Upper Gundowring school would be built at the same time. It was School No. 2733 and situated in Boyd Road. It closed in 1953 when the Kiewa Consolidated School opened. The newspaper page describes the activities in which the local community of Kergunyah were in engaged in that period - Red Cross, Fire Brigade, cattle round up and some of the identities involved. The article photocopied from the Yackandandah times states that he (Norman Coad) "was sent to the Ovens District Hospital, Beechworth for treatment" which would mean that this was the closest hospital to the Kiewa Valley for emergencies in 1912.The Kiewa Valley photographs are of social significance showing two of the early bridges allowing the community easy access to both sides of the river and also the tree and plant growth before land clearing for farming. The photos of Mt. Buffalo Chalet have social, architectural and historical significance. the Chalet has been used by skiers, bush walkers and day trippers since its completion in 1910 and its closure in 2006. It is listed in the Victorian Heritage Register. The family photographs are of social and historical significance as they are of early farming families in the Kiewa Valley and also depict the dress, of both men and women) in the late 1880's. The write up in the Weekly Times has social significance as it depicts the social and farming activities and photos of the local residents from around that area. The article from the Yackandandah Times is of a personal nature with concern for the individual involved. Note: There is a photo of the gentleman mentioned in the article (Mr. Norman Coad) in the Families of the Kiewa Valley (F4) as above.30 black and white photographs - 5 of the Kiewa Valley, 8 of families of the Kiewa Vallley and 17 of Mt. Buffalo. Various sized photos. Page from the Weekly times and copied article from the Yackandandah Times on A4 sheet.(Note for easier identification they have been numbered and grouped - K1-5 (Kiewa Valley), F1-8 (Families) and B1-17 (Mt. Buffalo). K1: handwritten in ink, lower L hand corner "Bogong in the distance". K2: handwritten in ink lower L hand corner "Mongan's Bridge or Towonga". K3 handwritten in ink "Taken from Mongan Bridge looking up stream". K4 - no inscription. K5: handwritten in ink, back of photo "Running Creek Cricket Team". F1: handwritten in ink on back "Mrs. Heap" and lower down in pencil "1880's". F2 handwritten in pencil at top of back phot "Land at Tawonga TROVE The Y'dah Times 20/2/1913" and lower down in ink "Henry Ellis Larkin". F3: handwritten in ink bottom edge "Mrs Coad". Note that this photo is a postcard. F4: Written in ink lower edge "Norman Coad". Note this photo is also a postcard. F5: Lower left corner in Ink "Harry Larkin". F6: lower half back of photo, in ink "Bernie Maddison". F7: on back of photograph in ink "Miss Marjorie Clemence first School Teacher Upper Gundowring: and underneath, in pencil "C1880's". F8: Handwritten in ink on back of photo "Frank & Mrs. Keat & Lesley of Tawonga". Lower down in pencil "c1912-1914". B1: Back of photo in ink "The Chalet Mt. Buffalo". B2: no inscription. B3: "chalet at Bufflo" in ink lower left corner. B4: This is a post card. Written in ink is "Mt. Buffalo Chalet". B5 - B10 printed in ink, lower left corner "Buffalo". B11: no inscription. B12: "Mt. Buffalo" lower R corner. B13: "Buffalo?". B15: Printed in ink lower edge "Picnic at Buffalo". B16: "Donkeys on Mt. Buffalo" printed in ink lower edge. B17: handwritten in ink across back of photo "Donkeys & top of Mt. Buffalo with the Monileith in the distance". A4 sheet of paper describing an accident to Mr. Norman Coad. Under article is : Yackandandah Times (Vic: 1890 - 1931), Thursday 18 July 1912, page 3. A page torn from the Weekly Times, June 14, 1961 and entitled "Kergunyah has picturesque setting". kiewa valley, farming, families, kergunyah, gundowring upper, mt. buffalo chalet, briggs family, larki family, coad family, clemence family, laskowski collection