Schuss was advertised as Victoria’s Official Ski Journal It was issued monthly from 1935 to 1961 except during the war when summer issues covered two months. This continued after the war, but it averaged 10 issues annually over its 25 year life. Schuss was published by the Ski Club of Victoria which had a membership of 38 Ski Clubs and demanded to be recognised as the prime authority on skiing in the state. The other 30 ski clubs with 85% of the members disagreed and the politics of skiing became heated. These clubs formed the Federation of Victorian Ski Clubs with their own journal, Ski Horizon. With the establishment of the Victorian Ski Association, Ski-Horizon published its last issue in Nov - Dec. 1955 and the role of the official journal was fully taken over by “Schuss”. This item is significant because it contains stories, images and information documenting the development of the ski industry in Victoria.The journal features stories and events chronicling developments in Victoria and internationally. Items related to the Falls Creek Area in this issue include:- Page 153 - an advertisement for ski lessons, tours and accommodation for skiers with Bob Hymans. A second advertisement for Pearce Bros., General Merchants at Tawonga stated they could arrange for food supplies for clubs or ski parties to be delivered into lodges at city prices. Page 168 feature a photo by H. Gibbs - On the road to Falls Creek, beyond Howman's Gap, showing slopes of of Spion Kopje in the background. Page 177 - The Galleon Ski Club had opened its books to a limited number of Associate Members and offered its Members use of the "GALLEON" Lodge. Associate Membership fee was set at £1/1/- per annum. Lodge fees were 12/6 per day per member. Page 182 announced ALBURY Ski Club's Annual Ball will be held this year on November 28th. The event promised to live up to the reputation of the previous year's very happy "do" at Toonallook Woolshed, and it should be worth going a long way to be in it, even to devoting the whole weekend to a visit. Note the date now.schuss journal, bob hymans, h. gibbs photos, galleon ski club, albury ski club

Schuss was advertised as Victoria’s Official Ski Journal It was issued monthly from 1935 to 1961 except during the war when summer issues covered two months. This continued after the war, but it averaged 10 issues annually over its 25 year life. Schuss was published by the Ski Club of Victoria which had a membership of 38 Ski Clubs and demanded to be recognised as the prime authority on skiing in the state. The other 30 ski clubs with 85% of the members disagreed and the politics of skiing became heated. These clubs formed the Federation of Victorian Ski Clubs with their own journal, Ski Horizon. With the establishment of the Victorian Ski Association, Ski-Horizon published its last issue in Nov - Dec. 1955 and the role of the official journal was fully taken over by “Schuss”. This item is significant because it contains stories, images and information documenting the development of the ski industry in Victoria.The journal features stories and events chronicling developments in Victoria and internationally. Items related to the Falls Creek Area in this issue include:- Page 88 - BOOKINGS AVAILABLE AT SKYLINE LODGE July snow conditions are well-known to experienced skiers for their dry powder surfaces, fast running and reasonable weather generally. The lower mid-winter temperatures are mainly responsible for the crisp skiing atmosphere offered us during that month. It is surprising therefore to find that bookings for July this year are unusually light at all Victorian resorts. Skyline Lodge in particular, with its good transport, easy access, and usually abundant snow cover has everything to offer keen skiers: at present there are vacancies in its booking list through the month. Why ret sample is delightful skiing?schuss journal, the ski club of victoria, skyline

Schuss was advertised as Victoria’s Official Ski Journal It was issued monthly from 1935 to 1961 except during the war when summer issues covered two months. This continued after the war, but it averaged 10 issues annually over its 25 year life. Schuss was published by the Ski Club of Victoria which had a membership of 38 Ski Clubs and demanded to be recognised as the prime authority on skiing in the state. The other 30 ski clubs with 85% of the members disagreed and the politics of skiing became heated. These clubs formed the Federation of Victorian Ski Clubs with their own journal, Ski Horizon. With the establishment of the Victorian Ski Association, Ski-Horizon published its last issue in Nov - Dec. 1955 and the role of the official journal was fully taken over by “Schuss”. This item is significant because it contains stories, images and information documenting the development of the ski industry in Victoria.The journal features stories and events chronicling developments in Victoria and internationally. Items related to the Falls Creek Area in this issue include:- Page 83 - Skyline Lodge is ready for the winter after extensive work has been carried out during the summer. Improvements have been made to the lounge, bathroom and kitchen and the porch floor has been resurfaced. Potential visitors were reminded of the care and attention which were necessary to ensure comfort at the Lodge is maintained. Page 87 - Photo by S. Flattely of Easter work party of S.C.V. members enjoying a meal in the newly renovated lounge room of the Skyline Lodge, Falls Creek.schuss journal, the ski club of victoria, skyline lodge

Schuss was advertised as Victoria’s Official Ski Journal It was issued monthly from 1935 to 1961 except during the war when summer issues covered two months. This continued after the war, but it averaged 10 issues annually over its 25 year life. Schuss was published by the Ski Club of Victoria which had a membership of 38 Ski Clubs and demanded to be recognised as the prime authority on skiing in the state. The other 30 ski clubs with 85% of the members disagreed and the politics of skiing became heated. These clubs formed the Federation of Victorian Ski Clubs with their own journal, Ski Horizon. With the establishment of the Victorian Ski Association, Ski-Horizon published its last issue in Nov - Dec. 1955 and the role of the official journal was fully taken over by “Schuss”. This item is significant because it contains stories, images and information documenting the development of the ski industry in Victoria.The journal features stories and events chronicling developments in Victoria and internationally. Items related to the Falls Creek Area in this issue include:- Page 39 - An apology from Harold and Jean Cuming over to belief that they would have a transport tow based at Mt. Buller in the coming season. The Forestry Commission of Victoria had not approved their application. They later established a business at Falls Creek. Page 49 - Photo by S. Flattley "Spring snow conditions on the Frying Pan Spur, Fails Creek, in October, 1954."schuss journal, harold cuming, jean cuming, s. flattley

Schuss was advertised as Victoria’s Official Ski Journal It was issued monthly from 1935 to 1961 except during the war when summer issues covered two months. This continued after the war, but it averaged 10 issues annually over its 25 year life. Schuss was published by the Ski Club of Victoria which had a membership of 38 Ski Clubs and demanded to be recognised as the prime authority on skiing in the state. The other 30 ski clubs with 85% of the members disagreed and the politics of skiing became heated. These clubs formed the Federation of Victorian Ski Clubs with their own journal, Ski Horizon. With the establishment of the Victorian Ski Association, Ski-Horizon published its last issue in Nov - Dec. 1955 and the role of the official journal was fully taken over by “Schuss”. This item is significant because it contains stories, images and information documenting the development of the ski industry in Victoria.The journal features stories and events chronicling developments in Victoria and internationally. This issue features a photo of skiers on the Frying Pan Spur Slopes by R. D. McNabb. Page 128 includes a brief article relating the successful recruiting of ski instructors at Bonegilla Migrant Reception and Training Centre. Page 134 has a photo of a skier at the Cornice, Frying Pan Spur near the Nissen Tow, Falls Creek taken by R. D. McNabb in November 1956. Spion Kopje is in the background. Page 138 "Skimming Around Falls Creek" gives a progress report on developments at Falls Creek. This includes an update regarding Bob Hymans' chair lift and new snow vehicles, Milan Kovacic's new "Snow Crystal Inn", a new Coffee Lounge at the Falls Creek General Store operated by "Cecil and Orest" and other work and maintenance carried out for the 1957 Winter season.schuss journal, the ski club of victoria, bob hymans, snow crystal inn, cecil dobson, ory freauf

Great celebrations took place in Albury, NSW for the celebration of the Centenary of the Hume and Hovell expedition. The Hume and Hovell journey of discovery to Port Phillip took place during 1824-1825. On November 20, 1824, they successfully crossed the Murray River not far from Albury and proceeded on a route to Port Phillip. To celebrate the Centenary of this crossing, the city of Albury held a series of activities during the week of Sunday 16th November to Saturday 22nd November 1924. As part of these celebrations the Albury Race Club held a special race meeting conducted on Thursday 20th and Saturday 22nd November 1924. This badge was produced as a memorabilia for that meeting. Prize money over the two day meeting totalled over £3,000. The star events were the Centenary Cup of I mile and 3 furlongs with a prize of £1000 (one thousand pounds) and a Gold Cup valued at one hundred guineas, donated by Mrs. Jas. Mitchell of Tabletop, and the John Campbell Handicap of one mile carrying $500 and trophy valued at 50 guineas donated by the chairman of the Club, Mr. J. Campbell. A gold whip donated by Mr. Norman Crow was presented to the jockey riding the Cup winner. This item is significant because it is an example of memorabilia produced for the centenary celebrations for the Hume and Hovell Expedition.An enamelled fob medallion featuring a central image with a tree at the top and text. The tree is the Hovell Tree at Albury. The central image is of indigenous man facing Albury’s civic buildings with the Murray River in between. The fob is attached to a blue twisted cord.1824 1924 HUME & HOVELL CENTENARY RACE MEETING 20th and 22nd Nov 1924 On back: 244B SIMPSONhume & hovell, hume & hovell centenary, albury race club

Schuss was advertised as Victoria’s Official Ski Journal It was issued monthly from 1935 to 1961 except during the war when summer issues covered two months. This continued after the war, but it averaged 10 issues annually over its 25 year life. Schuss was published by the Ski Club of Victoria which had a membership of 38 Ski Clubs and demanded to be recognised as the prime authority on skiing in the state. The other 30 ski clubs with 85% of the members disagreed and the politics of skiing became heated. These clubs formed the Federation of Victorian Ski Clubs with their own journal, Ski Horizon. With the establishment of the Victorian Ski Association, Ski-Horizon published its last issue in Nov - Dec. 1955 and the role of the official journal was fully taken over by “Schuss”. This item is significant because it contains stories, images and information documenting the development of the ski facilities at Falls Creek.The journal features stories and events chronicling developments in Victoria and internationally. In this issue:- Page 173 features a report from the Border Morning Mail (Albury) announcing the opening of a new Comfort Station at Falls Creek. Falls Creek is also to have a reticulated village water supply Page 187 in Falls Creek Notes gives greater detail on the opening of the Comfort Station, as well as events to be held in September for Schoolgirls and Schoolboys. The transport provided for skiers by Bob Hymans and Cecil Dobson is also praised. Page 189 advertises two job vacancies at Grand Coeur Chalet.schuss journal, the ski club of victoria, grand coeur chalet, cecil dobson, bob hymans

Schuss was advertised as Victoria’s Official Ski Journal It was issued monthly from 1935 to 1961 except during the war when summer issues covered two months. This continued after the war, but it averaged 10 issues annually over its 25 year life. Schuss was published by the Ski Club of Victoria which had a membership of 38 Ski Clubs and demanded to be recognised as the prime authority on skiing in the state. The other 30 ski clubs with 85% of the members disagreed and the politics of skiing became heated. These clubs formed the Federation of Victorian Ski Clubs with their own journal, Ski Horizon. With the establishment of the Victorian Ski Association, Ski-Horizon published its last issue in Nov - Dec. 1955 and the role of the official journal was fully taken over by “Schuss”. This item is significant because it contains stories, images and information documenting the development of the ski facilities at Falls Creek.The journal features stories and events chronicling developments in Victoria and internationally. In this issue:- Front Cover features a photo of John Hilton Wood's Snow Cat below the summit of Mt Buller taken by Eric Burt. Page 211 - Stop Press Items including recent Ski event results Page 217 features a detailed report on Australia's first Ski Chair-Lift at Falls Creek, Victoria which began operation on Saturday 27th July. It was built by Bob Hymans to the design of Dr V Hajek.schuss journal, the ski club of victoria, bob hymans

Schuss was advertised as Victoria’s Official Ski Journal It was issued monthly from 1935 to 1961 except during the war when summer issues covered two months. This continued after the war, but it averaged 10 issues annually over its 25 year life. Schuss was published by the Ski Club of Victoria which had a membership of 38 Ski Clubs and demanded to be recognised as the prime authority on skiing in the state. The other 30 ski clubs with 85% of the members disagreed and the politics of skiing became heated. These clubs formed the Federation of Victorian Ski Clubs with their own journal, Ski Horizon. With the establishment of the Victorian Ski Association, Ski-Horizon published its last issue in Nov - Dec. 1955 and the role of the official journal was fully taken over by “Schuss”. This item is significant because it contains stories, images and information reporting on activities at Falls Creek in the late 1950s.The journal features stories and events chronicling developments in Victoria and internationally. In this issue:- Front Cover features a photo Hymans Chair Lift at Falls Creek. Dick McGain of St. Trinians relaxes on his chair. Visible is the Ski Village, St. Trinians, Kiewa Valley. Diane, Galleon and Bowna Lodges, Grand Coeur Chalet and Dobson’s Store. The photo was taken by Eric Burt. Page 240 mentions new facilities at different ski fields. Page 246 "The Chair Lift is Fabulous" reports on Bob Hymans' ski lift based on comments from skiers who have used it over the preceding months. Page 253 A photo of Frank Sicktanc in the Victorian Jump competition at Falls Creek. Page 255 A photo of The Lower Slopes of Frying Pan Spur at Falls Creek Pages 257 - 258 contain a report on the Falls Creek State Nordic Championships N.E.D.S.A. Inter Club Events. Page 262 reports on the Albury Ski Club Open Championships.schuss journal, the ski club of victoria, bob hymans, albury ski club, hymans chair lift

Watchmaker History: James McCabe was born in 1748. He was the son of Patrick McCabe, a notable watchmaker from Lurgan in County Armagh, Ireland. James McCabe immigrated to London in 1775 and established his business in Bells Building, Fleet Street, on 2nd April 1781. He was made an Honorary Freeman of the Clockmakers Company. The House of McCabe was renowned for the sheer variety of its designs, and the creativity and prestige of its manufacture were celebrated and revered by owners worldwide. These pieces remain highly collectable today and fetch increasingly higher prices at auction houses worldwide. Watch association with the Loch Ard: The watch was saved from the sea when discovered on the body of Mrs Rebecca Carmichael from Dublin and handed to Eva Carmichael, the only family member to survive the fatal wreck of the Loch Ard on 1st June 1878. Eva gifted the watch to her husband, Thomas Achilles Townsend when they married in 1884; his name is engraved on the rear movement cover. The watch was held by the family until 2011 when they decided to bring the watch, to Australia for auction. At this time the watch was in the possession of Eva Carmichael's grandson, Robert Townsend. Given its connection with the Loch Ard shipwreck, it was purchased at auction by Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village on 25th October 2011 to add to its Loch Ard collection and is currently referred to as the Carmichael watch. It is now on display alongside the Minton Peacock, which also survived the Loch Ard shipwreck, and other artefacts from the collection. James McCabe was originally a Belfast watchmaker who had moved his business to London. At the time James McCabe was much esteemed for producing fine watches and clocks, especially for export to India. Only the best watches were inscribed “James McCabe” and many with highly decorated cases were intended for the Indian market. Contemporary newspaper accounts of the watch's discovery echoed a Carmichael family tradition that the watch had been intended as a gift from the City of Dublin to King George IV to mark his planned visit to the city in 1821, however, there is no evidence to support this theory. Dr Evory Carmichael, according to some accounts, bought this watch from a nobleman for about £100 at some point and so it travelled with him on his final fateful journey to Australia. Today we can only guess at the actions of Mrs Carmichael in the chaos and darkness of the pre-dawn shipwreck. Perhaps the two items that were found on her body, the watch and a locket, were items that reminded her of those she held most dear, her husband and her family. When Mrs Carmichael's body was washed ashore the watch was found secreted in the waistband of her dress. In its own right the watch is of artistic and monetary value and is a rare and beautiful object depicting watch making in the early 19th century. It is a historically significant object in it’s own right and there is additional importance, surviving a significant event in the maritime history of Victoria. The wreck of the Loch Ard, Victoria's greatest maritime disaster has also been declared an event of National Significance because of its strong connection to Australia's immigration and maritime history. The watch, together with the Loch Ard Peacock, make up the two most significant shipwreck artefacts in Australia. Both of these items are of great social significance to not only local people but the wider Australian community. Funding for the watches purchase came from six local trusts and one anonymous citizen and is now on permanent display. Both these artefacts symbolise and helps to interpret the stories of survival along the Shipwreck Coast. Fob Watch, known as the "Carmichael Watch" or the "Loch Ard Watch". 1814 fob pocket watch belonging to the Carmichael family, recovered from the wreck of the Loch Ard. Fob watch (or pocket watch)and winding key, made by James McCabe and Son, of Cornhill, London. The watch is in excellent condition and its design is decorative and intricate. The gold face is covered by glass. The gold rear cover is hinged over a silver inner cover that includes the winding hole. The watch has a knob with a swinging ring from which it can be hung. The dial of the gold watch face is textured and has raised Arabic numerals and every minute is marked around the perimeter by a dot, with the 5-minute dots slightly larger. The numerals and dots are a different coloured gold than the rest of the face. The centre of the face has a wavy pattern fanning out to the base of the numerals. The hour and minute hands are of a dark colour. The stems of the hands are a wavy shape and finish with spade shaped tips; the tip of the hour hand is larger than that of the minute hand. The hour hand reaches to the base of the numerals and the minute hand is long enough to rest between the minute dots. The back of the watch is decorated with a detailed design on a textured gold background. The design is embossed in coloured metals; gold, silver, greenish-gold and pink. In the centre is a dove resting on leaves of a pot plant that sits on a silver circular base. Another dove is flying above it, and their beaks touch together. On the right of the base of the pot plant is a dog resting on its hind legs, body facing away from the plant and head twisted around to look at the birds. On the sides of this design and meeting at the base are sprigs of leaves and buds. Around this central design is a rope-like border. Around the perimeter of the case is a border of leaves and budding stems. The inside of this cover has embossed hallmarks, numbers and etched markings indicating that the watch is 18 carat gold, made by James McCabe, assayed in London in 1814 and the case may have been made by Daniel Willmott, case maker. The silver inner workings cover has a full name beautifully engraved on it. There is a winding hole that accesses a square-ended lever for the key to fit over. The handle of the watch is a twisted gold knob with a hollow ‘D’-shaped swinging ring attached to the end of it. This knob also has a hallmark.On the silver inner workings cover “Thomas Achilles Townshend” is engraved, underscored by a thin, delicately decorated line. On the gold handle is the logo of a crown with “18”’ next to it. Inside the gold rear case is stamped “DW’. Under that is etched “JAN 77 II”. Underneath this are 3 logos; a logo “leopard, crowned”’, a logo “ crown on top of 18”, and a logo “T”. Under these 3 symbols is part of a stamp that could possibly be “IMC”. Under this is “ ’ 5 9 4 ”. Other numbers, symbols and letters are etched into this case including “15001”, “2/5/19”. Others are difficult to read.warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill, flagstaff hill maritime museum, flagstaff hill maritime village, maritime museum, shipwrecked artefact, shipwreck artefact, carmichael, townshend, townsend, carmichael watch, loch ard watch, pocket watch, loch ard, 1st june 1878, james mccabe, thomas walker, robert townshend, loch ard gorge, great ocean road, victoria., memorial headstone

The scrapbook, compiled by Edith E Hitchcock, displays a variety of newspaper clippings with photographs relating to ships, sailors, their hobbies, Padre Oliver. Page 1 - Map of the British Empire Page 3 - Newspaper clipping with photographs: "Happy Sailors Lads" onboard the CB Pedersen C.1935 Page 5 - Photograph depicting three children watching of a ship at sea Page 7 - 1937: article: with photograph"Sea Captain and Artist": Captain A.C.G. Dreillek, Swedish ship Yngaren (similar photo published in 1937 in the Courier Mail Brisbane) Page 9 - 1935: "Reunited": Dog Patsy with ship Pegasus crew members / "Sydney Harbour Bridge": Phillip Vanderhill, Cook of the Kota Inter and its sitar creation Page 11: Mr G. Gatty and Tim, the cat from the Esperance Bay / Herbert the hen, pet on the ship King Arthur / Frank Simpson, quartermaster and painter from the ship City of Dieppe. Page 13: Conway Seymour and shipmate aboard the Orford. Page 15: 3 photographs of French sailors from the cruiser Rigault de Grenouilly in 1936. Page 16: Photograph of A.J. Kramer working on a ship model aboard the Dutch ship, Kota Inten. Page 17: 1936: Photographs of sailors from the French ship Rigault de Grenouilly and the American ship: California State berthed in Prince's Pier. (plus two large loose clippings with portraits of same sailors). Page 18: 1934: Ball on the Manunda to raise funds for the Mission: photograph of Captain Robert Sunter, Padre Oliver, Moira Oliver, Mrs Harold Clapp. Page 19: Photograph of French sailors from the Rigault de Grenouilly in a bus en route to the Dandenong Ranges. Page 21: Photographs of a shipwreck (probably Kakariki in 1938, see next page). Page 23: Aerial photograph of the shipwreck Kakariki in Hobson's Bay in 1937 Page 25: Photograph of the shipwreck Kakariki in Hobson's Bay in 1937. Page 26: Photograph of the shipwreck Kakariki in Hobson's Bay in 1937. Page 27: Photograph of the survivors from the shipwreck Kakariki in the Mission in 1937: A. Bunyard, W. Fisk, J. Greene, L. Tarlington, J. McInnes, G. Coote, G. Sugar. Page 28: Photograph of the survivors from the shipwreck Kakariki in the Caradale in 1937: W. Fisk, T.W. White. Page 29: Missioneers talk to Firemen: Padre Oliver and his assistant, L.V. Owen talking to ship's firemen.(the Argus, 24 July 1931) Page 31: 3 articles with photographs: American cadets from the California State / Governor's Surprise Visit: Lord Huntingfield visiting Padre Oliver in the Mission (the Argus, 19 May 1936) / Sea Scouts on Liner: Padre Oliver on the P&O Cathay (the Argus, 16 June 1936) Page 33: Harbour Lights: padre Oliver, Lord Somers and Rev. R. Kerdell / Visit of the Duchess to the Mission (the Argus, 26 february 1945). Page 34: Photograph titled "An old salt still yearns for the sea- 369 miles away". Page 35: two clippings : Presentation of cheques for Merchant Navy: Betty Raymond giving a cheque to Padre L.L. Elliott / A cheque for the Seamen's Mission: Photograph of Padre Oliver with a cheque. Page 37: 4 clippings with photographs: Padre Oliver playing the piano for the cadets of the C.B. Pedersen / Miss Gladys Grant with parcels (from the Age 10 November 1943) / All Nations' Dance / Christmas at the Flinders Street mission, Padre Oliver cutting the cake (The Age, 15 December 1942) Page 39: Unveiling of the Memorial window to Captain Robert Sunter in 1936. Page 41: 2 clippings: At the Seamen's Mission: photographs of J. W. Neill and Padre Oliver / Married: Albert Robertson and Beryl Landrigan / Postcard of the St Peter Chapel. Page 43: 2 postcards: The Cloisters / The Mission view from Flinders Street. Page 45: Postcard of the windvane. / clipping of Sailors from the Zealandic. Page 46: 2 clippings: Virtually a Man without a country: Frans Nobel on the ship Milleeta / Seaman, Soldier, Waiter, Singer, Cook Finds Peace (Frans Nobel).(1939) Page 47: That Land Looks Good: two seamen from the tanker British Fame Page 48: large clipping of the C.B. Pedersen "Like a page from the past".(april-May 1935) Page 49: Photograph of Padre Oliver in his army uniform.This scrapbook is significant because it makes reference to contemporaneous events related to the Mission to Seafarers. On the inside cover is the name Edith E. Hitchcock.edith e. hitchcock, scrapbooks, c.b. pedersen, hobbies, ship models, painting, frank leslie oliver, mv manunda, captain robert sunter, windvane, rigault de genouilly, french, german, california, kakariki, ship pegasus, sydney harbour bridge, sugar, kota inten, philip vanderhill, lord somers, reverend r. kerdell, r.m.s. moldavia, victoria dock, ww2, pets, bird, dog, cat, gladys grant, alphonse polo, eugene emonin, raoul gannson, esperance bay, g. gatty, captain a. macwhirter, frank simpson, city of dieppe, conway seymour, orford, a.j. kramer, dutch, moira bird oliver (nee good), mrs harold clapp, caradale, 3uz radio, betty raymond, l.l. elliott, j.h. bustard, merchant navy patriotic fund, g.h. martin, j.w. neill, albert robertson, beryl landrigan, zealandic, frans nobel, milleeta, british fame

The Kangaroo Hoppet is Australia’s premier long distance cross country ski race, and a member of the Worldloppet series of international cross country ski events. The first race at Falls Creek was held in 1979 under the name of “Australian Birkebeiner”. It was a 21km race with about 80 participants organised by the Birkebeiner Nordic Ski Club of Mount Beauty. The course started and finished at Falls Creek Alpine Resort and took participants out into the Bogong High Plains. After running the event for 10 years, it was decided they should become part of the Worldloppet series of marathon ski races. Representatives from the Birkebeiner Nordic Ski Club and the Australian Ski Federation attended the Worldloppet Annual Meeting in Finland in June 1990 to put the case for the acceptance of an Australian event into the Worldloppet series. Before being admitted, they had to demonstrate that the Birkebeiner Club could run a world class event, so three months later in August 1990 a 42km event named the Australian International Ski Marathon was held at Falls Creek together with a 21km Birkebeiner race and a 7km event called the Birkebeiner Lite. The event was approved by delegates from USA, Norway and Austria, in 1991 Australia became the 12th member of Worldloppet, with the condition that there had to be a name change. After some late night discussion allegedly involving red wine from North East Victoria the main event became the 42km Kangaroo Hoppet, with the minor events being the 21km Australian Birkebeiner, and 7km Joey Hoppet. In the winter of 1991, the first Kangaroo Hoppet was held. It was a great success and has been a regular fixture on the international ski calendar ever since. It features the main 42km event as well as a 21km event and a 7km event. The Hoppet brings the Australian snowfields to an international audience. Unfortunately due to rapidly deteriorating snow conditions on the course, combined with a weather forecast of warm temperatures and rain in the days preceding the event, the Kangaroo Hoppet was cancelled for 2024.This poster is significant because it documents an event which brings international attention to Falls Creek and the surrounding region.A poster featuring a variety of symbols representing the Falls Creek Hoppet within the outline of a kangaroo head. Logos of Worldloppet, AGL, Falls Creek, Alpine Shire Council, the Birkebeiner Nordic Ski Club, Ski Classics and Kangaroo Hoppet are across the bottom of the poster. Text: KANGAROO HOPPET 24th August 2024 Australia's Premier XC Ski Race 7 km 21 km 42 km FALLS CREEK, VIC kangaroo hoppet, worldloppet events, falls creek, mt. beauty

The Kangaroo Hoppet is Australia’s premier long distance cross country ski race, and a member of the Worldloppet series of international cross country ski events. The first race at Falls Creek was held in 1979 under the name of “Australian Birkebeiner”. It was a 21km race with about 80 participants organised by the Birkebeiner Nordic Ski Club of Mount Beauty. The course started and finished at Falls Creek Alpine Resort and took participants out into the Bogong High Plains. After running the event for 10 years, it was decided they should become part of the Worldloppet series of marathon ski races. Representatives from the Birkebeiner Nordic Ski Club and the Australian Ski Federation attended the Worldloppet Annual Meeting in Finland in June 1990 to put the case for the acceptance of an Australian event into the Worldloppet series. Before being admitted, they had to demonstrate that the Birkebeiner Club could run a world class event, so three months later in August 1990 a 42km event named the Australian International Ski Marathon was held at Falls Creek together with a 21km Birkebeiner race and a 7km event called the Birkebeiner Lite. The event was approved by delegates from USA, Norway and Austria, in 1991 Australia became the 12th member of Worldloppet, with the condition that there had to be a name change. After some late night discussion allegedly involving red wine from North East Victoria the main event became the 42km Kangaroo Hoppet, with the minor events being the 21km Australian Birkebeiner, and 7km Joey Hoppet. In the winter of 1991, the first Kangaroo Hoppet was held. It was a great success and has been a regular fixture on the international ski calendar ever since. It features the main 42km event as well as a 21km event and a 7km event. The Hoppet brings the Australian snowfields to an international audience. In 2019 the Kangaroo Hoppet attracted 1070 entries from 26 nations. The Men's Winner was Valerio Leccardi from Switzerland in a time of 1:43:19.5. The winner of the Women's event was Iris Pessey of France in a time of 2:04:29.2. This poster is significant because it documents an event which brings international attention to Falls Creek and the surrounding region.A poster featuring an image of a lone skier with mountains in the background. Logos of Worldloppet, AGL, Falls Creek, Alpine Shire Council, Victorian State Government, the Birkebeiner Nordic Ski Club. FIS and Kangaroo Hoppet are across the bottom of the poster. Text: KANGAROO HOPPET No. 29 24 August 2019 FALLS CREEK AUSTRALIA 7 km 21 km 42 km Beside the logos: www.hoppet.com.au kangaroo hoppet, worldloppet events, falls creek, mt. beauty

The Kangaroo Hoppet is Australia’s premier long distance cross country ski race, and a member of the Worldloppet series of international cross country ski events. The first race at Falls Creek was held in 1979 under the name of “Australian Birkebeiner”. It was a 21km race with about 80 participants organised by the Birkebeiner Nordic Ski Club of Mount Beauty. The course started and finished at Falls Creek Alpine Resort and took participants out into the Bogong High Plains. After running the event for 10 years, it was decided they should become part of the Worldloppet series of marathon ski races. Representatives from the Birkebeiner Nordic Ski Club and the Australian Ski Federation attended the Worldloppet Annual Meeting in Finland in June 1990 to put the case for the acceptance of an Australian event into the Worldloppet series. Before being admitted, they had to demonstrate that the Birkebeiner Club could run a world class event, so three months later in August 1990 a 42km event named the Australian International Ski Marathon was held at Falls Creek together with a 21km Birkebeiner race and a 7km event called the Birkebeiner Lite. The event was approved by delegates from USA, Norway and Austria, in 1991 Australia became the 12th member of Worldloppet, with the condition that there had to be a name change. After some late night discussion allegedly involving red wine from North East Victoria the main event became the 42km Kangaroo Hoppet, with the minor events being the 21km Australian Birkebeiner, and 7km Joey Hoppet. In the winter of 1991, the first Kangaroo Hoppet was held. It was a great success and has been a regular fixture on the international ski calendar ever since. It features the main 42km event as well as a 21km event and a 7km event. The Hoppet brings the Australian snowfields to an international audience. Unfortunately in 2023 due to poor snow conditions it was decided that a fair and safe competition could not be held on the course and the Kangaroo Hoppet was cancelled.This poster is significant because it documents an event which brings international attention to Falls Creek and the surrounding region.A poster featuring an image of female two skiers after a previous Hoppet presentation. Logos of Worldloppet, AGL, Falls Creek, Alpine Shire Council, Victorian State Government, the Birkebeiner Nordic Ski Club. FIS, Bendigo Bank and Kangaroo Hoppet are across the bottom of the poster. Text: KANGAROO HOPPET Australia's Premier X-Country Ski Race 26 August 2023 Below the logos: 26 August 2023 FALLS CREEK AUSTRALIA 7 km 21 km 42 km hoppet.com.au kangaroo hoppet, worldloppet events, falls creek, mt. beauty

A collection of 20 photographs which shows different aspects of Warrnambool. In 1896 Joseph Jordan was given exclusive rights to produce a souvenir booklet for the 1896-97 Warrnambool Industrial and Arts Exhibition. The Jordan studio sold many publications such as albums, which featured local scenes, as well as postcards, and greeting cards for different occasions and portraits The Jordan studio was a significant photographic studio in Warrnambool. They produced a large volume of work which is a useful record of scenes of the Western District and Warrnambool. This Souvenir booklet was a memento of an important event in Warrnambool. The advertisements also provide a record of people in business at that time.Pale green light card cover with dark blue text and illustrations which consist of title in the middle of cover with floral border along bottom with drawing of bird inset in floral picture at the top. The contents consist of 18 illustrations and a number of advertisements. One loose page with same text as book and advertisement for R. F. Kennedy chemistPublished by J Jordan Warrnambool.j jordan, jordan photographers, warrnambool, jordan photographs, warrnambool souvenir

Presented to the Buninyong Community Website which was developed by Liz Lumsdon around 2015-2016. "The Australia and New Zealand Internet Awards (ANZIAs) are a collaboration between auDA and InternetNZ. The awards are an annual event celebrating the achievements of organisations, businesses and individuals that have made significant contributions to the development and use of the Internet in Australia and New Zealand."--Website. Perspex angular shaped award with etched lettering. Upright design with rectangular base. ANZIA: The Leonie Dunbar Memorial Award for Community Websites. Buninyong Community 2016websites, community projects, buninyong, awards

This photograph was taken at Wooragee Hall on Wednesday the 28th of April 2004 as part of an event called 'Queries about Quolls'. This event was hosted by the Wooragee Landcare Group and was led by Andrew Murray, President of the South East Forest Spotted-tailed Quoll Working Group and one of Victoria's leading authorities in quolls. As the name of the event would suggest, this session provided attendees with insight and general information on quolls, including the characteristics of quolls, the habitat of quolls and the techniques that can be used when searching for quolls. This event was likely part of a wider project aimed at protecting the endangered species of the tiger quoll, also known as the spotted-tailed quoll, an animal that once inhabited Mount Pilot-Chiltern National Park. The Tiger Quoll is the largest of the quoll species. Largely resembling a cross between a possum and a cat, the quoll is distinctive due to the white spots that are often found all over its brown fur. This photograph is significant as it provides evidence of a project undertaken by the Wooragee Landcare Group to educate members of the public on the tiger quoll in the early 2000s in an attempt to better understand and protect the species. The Wooragee Landcare Group has been instrumental in the co-ordination of programs relating to biodiversity protection in the local area, providing great assistance to landholders. Portrait coloured photograph printed on gloss paper.Reverse: WAN / NA / OANA2NO / NNN+ / 2 / 8743 / wooragee, wooragee hall, wooragee landcare, wooragee landcare group, quoll, spotted-tailed quoll, tiger quoll, queries about quolls, south east forest spotted-tailed quoll working group, andrew murray quolls, andy murray quolls, mount pilot chiltern national park, quoll species, endangered quoll

This photograph was taken at Wooragee Hall on Wednesday the 28th of April 2004 as part of an event called 'Queries about Quolls'. This event was hosted by the Wooragee Landcare Group and was led by Andrew Murray, President of the South East Forest Spotted-tailed Quoll Working Group and one of Victoria's leading authorities in quolls. As the name of the event would suggest, this session provided attendees with insight and general information on quolls, including the characteristics of quolls, the habitat of quolls and the techniques that can be used when searching for quolls. This event was likely part of a wider project aimed at protecting the endangered species of the tiger quoll, also known as the spotted-tailed quoll, an animal that once inhabited Mount Pilot-Chiltern National Park. The Tiger Quoll is the largest of the quoll species. Largely resembling a cross between a possum and a cat, the quoll is distinctive due to the white spots that are often found all over its brown fur.This photograph is significant as it provides evidence of a project undertaken by the Wooragee Landcare Group to educate members of the public on the tiger quoll in the early 2000s in an attempt to better understand and protect the species. The Wooragee Landcare Group has been instrumental in the co-ordination of programs relating to biodiversity protection in the local area, providing great assistance to landholders.Square coloured photograph printed on gloss paper. Reverse: + 3 8748 / 265 wooragee, wooragee hall, wooragee landcare, wooragee landcare group, quoll, spotted-tailed quoll, tiger quoll, queries about quolls, south east forest spotted-tailed quoll working group, andrew murray quolls, andy murray quolls, mount pilot chiltern national park, quoll species, endangered quoll

This flag was created in 1964 for the Peninsula Grammar Cadet Unit which would be officially established in 1965. Primarily used for parades and formal events, this original flag is important to the history of the Peninsula Grammar Cadet Unit as a whole. This flag is significant as it is the original flag of the Cadet Unit created prior to the Unit's official formation. Blue flag, red and white stripes with school logo in center. Features the inscription 'T Peninsula School Cadet Unit Est. 1964. Flag is attached to a white pole with a gold top. The Peninsula School Cadet Unit Est. 1964 * note that the T and E are missing in 'THE' cadets flag peninsula grammar cadet unit, flags

These Silver Cadet Badges are worn on the front of slouch hats which are traditionally worn by senior cadets for all parades and by the whole unit for Final Parades and formal events (ANZAC Day and Remembrance Day ceremonies). These badges are significant as most cadet units do not have a separate unit badge for their slouch hats and instead wear the similar Australian Army Cadets badge. However, a separate badge is often commonplace within school units as community units will usually display the other badge. 2 x Silver Metal Badge showcasing the Peninsula Grammar logo in a sphere of silver. Possibility for clasps on back and comes attached with two gold hat pins to do so. Peninsula Grammar Logo with engraved 'The Peninsula School Cadet Unit'cadets, cadet badge, peninsula grammar army cadet unit, silver badge, metal badge, australian army cadets, peninsula grammar

The Shipwreck Board is a feature of Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village/ its subject is explained briefly in the Museum's handbook, The Flagstaff Hill Navigator, published in 2008: - "Known as the ‘Eye of the Needle’ the treacherous entrance to Bass Strait is littered with the wreckage of large international vessels and smaller sail and steam craft used in coastal trade. The vessels bringing emigrants and cargo to Australia found the western entrance to Bass Strait the most dangerous part of their voyage. They had to thread their way between the southern point of Victoria (Cape Otway) and the northern point of King Island, a stretch of water less than 90 km wide. Many smaller coastal vessels were lost at Portland, Port Fairy, Warrnambool and Apollo Bay which are not safe harbours in certain weather conditions. "The Shipwreck Board shows shipwrecks, strandings and collisions which occurred in this area up to the year 1940. Wrecks are identified by a yellow light and collisions/strandings by a green light. These lights also identify the decade the wreck occurred by lighting up when the relevant decade button is pushed. Interesting happenings of the decades are listed next to the buttons." The Shipwreck Board's demonstration of The Eye of the Needle is an interactive visual display that helps teach the perils and dangers faced by early settlers in Victoria. It tells of the vast number of lives lost. It lists the names of many infamous shipwrecks and significant events.The large stained and lacquered timber board is mounted in a timber, frame. It is painted with a small sketch of Australia, and an enlarged outline of the southern coast of Victoria, King Island and the North West coast of Tasmania. The interactive display highlights the shipwrecks, standings and collisions suffered by many vessels as they navigated the 'Eye of the Needle', a narrow stretch of Bass Strait. The locations of the Lighthouses are pinpointed. Lists of groups of ships are below the coastlines. A painted scroll shows eight major shipwrecks with the number of lives lost for each one. A table shows historical facts associated with the decades from pre-1830 to 1940. A system of coloured lights compares the decades with the vessels that suffered damage. The board was created by artist and signwriter, Alex O'Flynn Computer Signs.flagstaff hill, maritime museum, maritime village, shipwreck coast, eye of the needle, shipwreck locations, bass strait, basses strait, king island, north west tasmania, south coast of victoria, cape otway, victorian lighthouse, king island lighthouse, strandings, coastal tracers, emigrant ships, sea trade, 1930s-1940s, shipwreck board, the eye of the needle, collosions, alex o'flynn, alex o’flynn computer signs, shipwrecks of western victoria

This item is from the private collection of George Shirling of Red Onion, Falls Creek. George Shirling arrived in Falls Creek in 1962. He engaged Phil Nowell to build the original Koki Alpine Lodge which opened in 1965 with 14 beds. George operated the lodge with Michael “Baldy” Blackwell as manager. In 1981 he graduated in sport psychology and was invited to become team psychologist for the Australian Winter Olympic team which went to Albertville, France, in 1992. He later owned the Red Onion Chalet. George Shirling passed away on 27th February 2023. He had remained actively involved in Falls Creek and was generous with his time and knowledge, always an amazing supporter of The Falls Creek Museum and Falls Creek Village. Patricia “Patsy” Sydney Russell Finlayson was born on 17 March 1915. In 1935 she was selected for the NSW Ski team and competed at the Australian Championships. Patsy was runner-up in the individual slalom and giant slalom and became the Australian combined champion. In that year she also won the Summit Ski Race at Mount Kosciusko with a time of 9 hours and 37 minutes, breaking the women's record by 1½ hours. In 1936 Finlayson earned national selection for the first Inter Dominion Championship between Australia & New Zealand. She was then selected to represent Australia at the 1939 Nordic World Ski Championship at Zakopane, Poland but was injured during training. She returned to Australia in August 1938 and had to compete in the men's event (placing 4th) as the women's event had been cancelled. In 1969 Finlayson won all her events in the Australian Ski Championships. In 1941, Finlayson was appointed Australia's first female ski instructor. However, she had to resign from the Australian Women's Ski Club as she was no longer considered to be an amateur. This made her ineligible for the Australian or NSW ski championships and the Olympic Games. In 1949, the International Ski Federation (FIS) changed the rules governing amateur standing and Finlayson was allowed to compete at the NSW and Australian Championships. She went on to win all events in both 1949 and 1950. She retired from competitive skiing in October 1950.This item is significant because it features a pioneer of women's skiing in Australia.A black and white image of Patsy Finlayson with her skis and poles. george shirling, red onion, patsy finlayson, women's skiing pioneer

This object has been made in 1978 to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the sinking of the ship 'Loch Ard'. This ship was wrecked on Mutton Bird Island near Port Campbell, Victoria in June 1878 with the loss of 52 lives and with two survivors. The story of the two survivors, passenger Eva Carmichael and seaman Tom Pearce has become part of the local folklore and has been retold in poetry, stage and T.V. drama and prose works. and is the subject of one of the night laser shows at Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum in Warrnambool. Port Campbell Information Centre and Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum also house many significant shipwreck items from the 'Loch Ard' including the nationally-important Loch Ard Minton Peacock. One of the commemorative events that took place in 1978 was the raising of the anchor from the wreck and its display at Port Campbell. This anchor item was probably made at the time and given to one of those connected to the recovery of the anchor. This souvenir is of interest as an object made to commemorate the most significant shipwreck in Western VictoriaThis is a souvenir of a shipwreck. It has a rectangular-shaped wooden base with a wooden piece with one curved edge standing upright at a slight angle on the top of the base. The wooden piece has four metal strips and has a metal anchor slotted into it so that the anchor is raised from the base. The wooden piece and the end of the anchor are glued to the base. The base has a silver-coloured metal name piece. The wooden sections have been slightly varnished. On the bottom of the base there are four rubber pads at each corner. Loch Ard Commemoration 1978loch ard wreck, loch ard commemoration 1978, flagstaff hill maritime museum, port campbell information centre, tom pearce & eva carmichael

George Shirling arrived in Falls Creek in 1962. He engaged Phil Nowell to build the original Koki Alpine Lodge which opened in 1965 with 14 beds. George operated the lodge with Michael “Baldy” Blackwell as manager. He also graduated in sport psychology in 1981 and was invited to become team psychologist for the Australian Winter Olympic team which went to Albertville, France, in 1992. He later owned the Red Onion Chalet. George credited the success of Koki to “Baldy” Blackwell. “Baldy” and Phil Nowell started the Trackers Mountain Lodge in partnership during the 1980s. In 1971 George sold Koki Lodge to Sigi Doerr. Sigi was a long time resident of Falls Creek, owning and operating Koki Lodge for many years with his wife, Lee. He was Falls Creek CFA Captain from 1995 until 1998 although he served in the Fire Brigade for much longer. Sigi had many involvements in the community. In 2023 the renamed Koki Alpine resort remains a highly popular destination in Falls Creek.This item is significant because it shows an entertainment event at a well-loved Falls Creek Lodge.A framed black and white photograph of guests enjoying "Tom Jones Night" at Koki Lodge in 1968. Guests include:- Foretable - George Shirling, Geoff Henke, Gweneth Henke (Maloney) who competed in figure skating in the Oslo Winter Olympics 1952, Sigi Haberzetti, Phyllis Bridgford, Bill Bridgford (back to camera)koki lodge, george shirling, sigi doerr

These stamps were issued by Australia Post in 1984 to commemorate the sport of skiing in Australia. This was the year of the Winter Olympics held in Sarajevo. The 1984 Australian Winter Olympics team at Sarajevo consisted of 10 athletes. They were;- Steven Lee competing in the Downhill and Giant Slalom Alistair Guss in the Downhill Marilla Guss in the Downhill and Giant Slalom Andrew Paul in the Biathlon over both 10 kilometres and 20 kilometres David Hislop in the 15, 30 and 50 kilometres X-Country events Chris Allen in the 15, 30 and 50 kilometres X-Country event Cameron Medhurst in Figure Skating Vicki Holland in Figure Skating Mike Richmond in the 500 metres, 1,000 metres and 1,500 metres speed skating Colin Coates in the 1,500 metres, 5,000 metres and 10,000 metres speed skating Colin Coates was the flag bearer at the Opening Ceremony in recognition of the Sarajevo Winter Olympics being his 5th Winter Olympics team. He went on to compete in his final Olympic Team at Calgary, Canada in 1988. These stamps are significant because they recognise the sport of snow skiing as an important and developing Australian national sport.A set of four coloured stamps featuring different styles of competition skiing. The stamps have been mounted in a white frame. australian postage stamps, skiing in australia stamp series

National significance. Presented as souvenir by Commodore Mr Andrew M. Cannon AM, of the Australian Yacht Squadron. Date of presentation unknown but commemorates America's Cup victory of Australia II in 1982. Commodore Dacre Smyth, who designed and presented the Naval windows in the MTSV chapel , was also a member of the Squadron. The burgee was designed by Nigel Abbott, twice world sailing champion and graphic designer. The burgee design features the Commonwealth Star in the corner, the A for Australia and the nautical colours of Royal blue – as per the Oxford Concise Dictionary – red and white.A link and souvenir with a significant event in the life of yachtsmen and for the City of Perth and Australia in 1982. The first time in many years that the USA lost this coveted cup and contest.Mounted triangular pennant style Australian Yacht Squadron flag also known in yachting circles as a burgee. Red, white and blue colours with white star in the middle and Red 'A' on top left. Gilded wooden frame with glazing with three window label inserts. Mount includes at lower right a souvenir green rectangular piece of the Australia II Spinnaker used to win the America's Cup in 1982. Sticker on back of frame has framers details.'Commodore Andrew M. Cannon' 'From the Commodore of the Australian Yacht Squadron, Andrew Cannon, To the Mission to Seafarers' 'Piece of Australia II Spinnaker Used to win the America's Cup' australian yacht squadron, andrew m. cannon, commodore, 1982, america's cup, burgee, australia ii, commodore dacre smyth (1923-2008), pennant

"The Australian Ski Year Book" was first published in 1928 by the Kosciusko Alpine Club and the Ski Club of Australia, which with the Kiandra Ski Club, were the oldest organisations for skiing in Australia. In later years organisations from Victoria, Tasmania and New Zealand were included. It was published on behalf of N.S.W. Ski Council, Ski Club of Victoria, Ski Council of Tasmania, Ski Council of the Federated N.Z. Mountain Clubs. It aimed to provide an annual record of the sport of ski running in Australia, and of events elsewhere which would be of interest to Australian ski enthusiasts. This publication was a guide to all major resorts operation at the time in New South Wales, Victoria and Tasmania. Information about Falls Creek included a description of its location describing geographical features, its 12 ski tows and available services. The accommodation advertised included Winterhaven Lodge, Falls Creek Motel, Spargo's Lodge, Attunga Alpine Lodge, Nelse Alpine Lodge, Les Chalets, Julian Lodge and Koki and Karelia Alpine Lodges.This item is significant because it is an issue of a long-running Australian ski publication which includes items about Falls Creek, Victoria..The Australian Ski Year Book Resort Guide of 1981 includes information and advertising about resorts throughout Australia. Falls Creek information and Accommodation Guide featured on pages 10 & 11 of this issue.australian skiing, accommodation falls creek, falls creek resort

This is volume 1 of 45 held in the library at Hymettus cottage and bound in covers as a book, one of three volumes incorporating every edition in the series.. Life Australia was produced at Melbourne Victoria in 1967 and ran to 45 volumes when closed by the parent company in the USA in 1968. Although very American in the views espoused it was a significant step in attempting to produce a magazine of international focus in Australia. The brief period was also significant in Australia and the magazine covered events such as the Beatles visit to Australia, the seven day war in Israel, the conflict in Vietnam and the drowning of Prime Minister Harold Holt.The magazine, Life, was cosmopolitan and sophisticated in the USA and the Australian edition was identical in format, although fussing on local perspectives. it concentrated on serious current affairs and more profound cultural and political analysis, as well as a strong focus on fashion, lifestyle and nature. It was known for its striking front covers and high quality, stylized photography. and the local product lasted through 1967-68 producing 45 editions before ceasing and reverting to the International product.harold holt, vietnam war, australia, life australia magazine, melbourne, the beatles

One of a series of postcards from an exhibition of works by Australian Social Realist artists held in Russia in 1960. This postcard is significant to Ballarat as it links to the linocuts Counihan and others produced to commemorate the centenary of the Eureka Stockade in 1954. As this depicts a painting of an event at Ballarat significant in its context to protest for social equality that would be understood by the soviet audience. A link between Australian socialist artists and the Russian political sensibilities of the time.Black and white image of Noel Counihan's painting of Bakery Hill Ballarateureka stockade, ballarat reform league, socialism, australian art, ballarat, russia

Newspaper style journal of twenty pages given over to articles, opinion pieces and coverage of the events at the Eureka Stockade in 1854.non-fictioneureka stockade, ballarat, labour history, bi-centenary