These multi function pliers were imported and used in Moorabbin Shire Many tools were imported by early settlers and also among the early settlers in Moorabbin Shire were blacksmiths who made tools for the other settlers who were establishing the homes, market gardens, farms, orchards and various businesses. Early settlers were self reliant and repaired their own equipment for kitchen,dairy, farm, horses, carts using various tools . This pair of multi purpose pliers is typical of the type used by early settlers in Moorabbin Shire c1900 Steel adjustable locking pliers c1900 with lion head vise, and spring loaded multi grip FOREIGNadjustable pliers, early settlers, market gardeners, blacksmiths, tools, building equipment, hammers, moorabbin shire, bentleigh, mckinnon, highett, cheltenham,mcewan james pty ltd, melbourne, bunnings pty ltd,

An adjustable or shifting spanner or adjustable wrench is an open-end wrench with a movable jaw, allowing it to be used with different sizes of fastener head (nut, bolt, etc.) rather than just one fastener size, as with a conventional fixed spanner. Early settlers were self reliant and repaired their own equipment for kitchen,dairy, farm, horses, carts using various tools . This steel shifting spanner is typical of the type used by early settlers in Moorabbin Shire c1930A large heavy steel curved neck shifting spanner with adjustable screwFLAG BRAND / MADE IN GERMANYtools, spanners, shifting spanners, wrenches, early settlers, market gardeners, blacksmiths, tools, building equipment, hammers, moorabbin shire, bentleigh, mckinnon, highett, cheltenham,mcewan james pty ltd, melbourne, bunnings pty ltd,

4x steel Automobile Spanners ' Vana Dium' used by a resident of the City of Moorabbin c1950 Vanadium is a hard, silver-grey metallic element. It is a ductile transition metal with a natural resistance to corrosion and stability against alkalis, acids and salt water. Vanadium is found in over 60 different minerals including vanadinite, carnotite, roscoelite and patronite.This Vana Dium Spanner set is typical of the type used by car mechanics in the City of Moorabbin c1950Set of 4 graduated automobile steel spanners made by Vana Dium Ltd USA c 1950 Front Forged VANA DIUM Steel 3/4 Pat.Pend. Back AUTO-KIT No.100 Made in USAspanners, automobiles, car mechanics, vana dium ltd usa, vanadium, uranium, early settlers, market gardeners, blacksmiths, tools, building equipment, hammers, moorabbin shire, bentleigh, mckinnon, highett, cheltenham,mcewan james pty ltd, melbourne, bunnings pty ltd,

. Early settlers were self reliant and repaired their own equipment for kitchen,dairy, farm, horses, carts using various tools . With the advent of motorized vehicles in 20thC residents of the City of Moorabbin became accustomed to maintaining their own cars and trucksThese large graduated spanners are typical of the type used by residents and mechanics in the City of Moorabbin c19504 x Large graduated automobile Spanners c1950 a, b Snail Brand; c Husky England; d The Superwrenchspanners, motor cars , motor trucks, mechanics, automobiles, early settlers, market gardeners, blacksmiths, tools, building equipment, hammers, moorabbin shire, bentleigh, mckinnon, highett, cheltenham,mcewan james pty ltd, melbourne, bunnings pty ltd,

In 1843, Frederick Stanley, started a small shop in New Britain, USA, to manufacture bolts, hinges, and other hardware from wrought iron. Among the early settlers in Moorabbin Shire were blacksmiths who made tools for the other settlers who were establishing the homes, market gardens, farms, orchards and various businesses. Early settlers were self reliant and repaired their own equipment for kitchen,dairy, farm, horses, carts using various tools . As manufacturing developed late 19thC high quality tools were imported from UK, USA and EuropeThese set squares are typical of the type used by early settlers in Moorabbin Shire c19002x Steel Set Squares a) 15cm (6") with wood handle b) 19cm (7") with a slotted steel handle. a) STANLEY Pat 12-29-96set squares, rulers, builders, trigonometry, mathematics, stanley tools pty ltd., bolts, hinges, hardware, early settlers, market gardeners, blacksmiths, tools, building equipment, hammers, moorabbin shire, bentleigh, mckinnon, highett, cheltenham,mcewan james pty ltd, melbourne, bunnings pty ltd,

John Oxley was a shoe and butchers’ knife manufacturer, who was listed in Whitecroft UK in 1822 . By 1825, he was based in Hollis Croft. John apparently died in about 1837. He had two sons – George (1808-1879) and James (1811-1881) who took over the business. George moved to Indianna, USA and in 1868 James continued to manufacture 'Cooks’ and palette knives and steels" Oxley’s trade mark was a butcher’s knife crossed with a sharpening steel (and the letters ‘JO’). The firm stayed in the family until 1960. Early settlers were self reliant and repaired their own equipment for kitchen,dairy, farm, horses, carts using various tools . This strong steel knife is typical of the type used by early settlers in Moorabbin Shire c1900Heavy duty curved steel knife with a wide blade encased in 2 thick leather straps secured with steel rivets Blade ; James Oxley with Trade Mark - a butcher’s knife crossed with a sharpening steel (and the letters ‘JO’). scratched into leather handle ; J EVANSknives, sheffield steel, oxley james ltd. , leatherworkers, saddles, horses, bootmakers, shoes, boots, builders, carpenters, early settlers, market gardeners, blacksmiths, tools, building equipment, hammers, moorabbin shire, bentleigh, mckinnon, highett, cheltenham,mcewan james pty ltd, melbourne, bunnings pty ltd,

Early settlers in Moorabbin Shire were self reliant and made and repaired their own equipment for kitchen,dairy, farm, horses, carts using various tools . Among the early settlers were blacksmiths who made tools for the other settlers who were establishing the homes, market gardens, farms, orchards and various businesses. These wood planes are typical of the type made and used by early settlers in Moorabbin Shire c18802 handmade wood planes with blades. b) has 3cm groove for molding wood planes, spanners, early settlers, market gardeners, builders, blacksmiths, tools, building equipment, hammers, moorabbin shire, bentleigh, mckinnon, highett, cheltenham, mcewan james pty ltd, melbourne, bunnings pty ltd

115 Jasper Road, Bentleigh East was a market garden owned by James Allan. In 1880 the property was transferred to David Grewar (Gruar) who had married James' niece Mary Allan. In 1926 part of the land was subdivided and sold as residential blocks. The block with the house pictured remained in the family until 1969. The land now forms part of Our Lady of Sacred Heart College. The description of the land owned by David Kidd Grewer (also spelt Gruar) in 1885: Fourteen acres or thereabouts at the corner of Jasper Road and Patterson’s Road East Brighton being part of Crown Block of 5720 acres Parish of Moorabbin County of Bourke being land comprised in Certificate of Title Volume 1344 Folio 268692 on which is erected a 4 roomed brick house with 2 rooms of wood at the rear and stable and a 2 roomed weatherboard cottage valued as under: 14 acres of land less crops £629.0.0 4 roomed brick house £250.0.0 Other buildings £50.0.0 2 roomed weatherboard cottage £35.0.0 Early pioneer family of the City of Moorabbin.Black and White photo in picture framegrewar, market garden, moorabbin, bentleigh, jasper road, housing, pioneer, james allan, orchard

At a public meeting in January 1917 the residents of the Shire of Moorabbin decided to appeal for funds for the purpose of erecting a memorial to the memory of the late Councillor William George Burgess, who died on 29 November 1916. The committee that was formed to oversee this project described Mr Burgess and his accomplishments: “Mr Burgess served the Shire of Moorabbin in the that capacity faithfully and will for upwards of 35 years. Mr Burgess was a resident of the shire since early boyhood and all through life either initiated or identified himself closely with every movement for the advancement of the district. The acquisition of the Bentleigh Reserve is evidence of his untiring energy and zeal, and it is now proposed to erect a brick pavilion thereon as a monument to the memory of one who had striven to leave the world, and the district in which he resided, a little better than he found it.” The “Burgess Memorial Pavilion” was opened on 13 October 1917. The pavilion was built of brick, with tiled roof, containing two rooms, one 12ft x17ft, the other 12ft x 9ft, a spacious verandah, supported by brick pillars was provided on two sides of the building. Unfortunately the Burgess Pavilion burnt down in June 1928. William Burgess was a Councillor for the Shire of Moorabbin for over 35 years, during which he was the President for five terms. William was a market gardener in Mackay Road, Bentleigh. His family settled in the district in 1855.Two paper documents: One a copy of a resolution re the opening of a bank account ; two a letter from the Southern Cross Press which accompanied a donation for the Burgess Memorial Fundwilliam burgess, the burgess pavilion, bentleigh recreational ground, fundraising, sport, shire of moorabbin

In the mid 1900's land sales in Moorabbin began of the remaining market gardens which were being sub divided. Eldon Court was auctioned off in 1960Example of the progress of the Municipality of MoorabbinPhotocopy of advertising flyer for auction of real estate sales - plan of building blocks for saleEldon Court, Moorabbin - 7 Home sites - Saturday March 19 1960eldon court, moorabbin, real estate, auction

With the growth of Melbourne the market gardens were subdivided into building blocks as the land was worth more than the value of the crops.Example of the progress of the Municipality of MoorabbinPhotocopy of advertisement of private sale of housing lots in Highett.Highett Road Estate, Highett - 85 Magnificent Allotmentshighett road, wilson st, dalmont street, highett, real estate

After WWII there was a decline in the market gardens in the City of Moorabbin, as the value of the land was more profitable than the crops.Example of the progress of the Municipality of MoorabbinPhotocopy of advertising flyer for auction of real estate sales - plan of building blocks for saleMarriott's Estate, Parkdale - Auction 19 April 1958 - 39 home sites - 9 shop sitesmarriott street, chandler st, ivy st, robert st, parkdale, real estate, auction

After WWII there was a decline in the market gardens in the City of Moorabbin, as the value of the land was more profitable than the crops.Example of the progress of the Municipality of MoorabbinPhotocopy of advertising flyer for auction of real estate sales - plan of building blocks for saleStrathmore Park Estate, Jasper Road Bentleigh Subdivided into 98 Ideal Allotmentsstrathmore street, wavell street, lindsay street, jasper road, mckinnon, bentleigh, real estate, auction

After WWII there was a decline in the market gardens in the City of Moorabbin, as the value of the land was more profitable than the crops.Example of the progress of the Municipality of MoorabbinPhotocopy of advertising flyer for sale of real estate sales - plan of building blocks for saleTuck's Estate Cheltenham - plan of subdivisionedward street, point nepean road, eden street, tuck street, hoffman street, elman road, page street, cheltenham, real estates, auction, tuck

After WWII there was a decline in the market gardens in the City of Moorabbin, as the value of the land was more profitable than the crops.Example of the progress of the Municipality of MoorabbinAdvertising flyer for auction of real estate sales - plan of building blocks for saleWickham Road Estate, Highett 58 Home siteshillcrest ave, wickham road, spring road, grandview road, maroona road, highett, land sales, real estate

Methodist Church, Centre Road. The first church building on the site was built of timber in 1850. In 1865, the wooden church building was sold and a new brick church was built, this building was expanded over the years to accomodate an ever increasing congregation. In 1928 the parish opened yet another new brick church - which still stands today (2022). The church is now the Greek Orthodox Parish of "Saints Raphael, Nicholas & Irene".The Methodist Church in Centre Road, Bentleigh was integral to the spiritual well being and social life of the early settlers.Photocopy of Booklet of 9 pages with text and pictures.early settlers, parish of moorabbin, city of moorabbin, county of bourke, shire of moorabbin, market gardeners, centre road, methodist sunday school, bentleigh, religion

This book was part of a large group of books referred to as the Pattison Collection, which belonged to the Warrnambool Public Library, part of the Warrnambool Mechanics’ Institute. About RALPH ERIC PATTISON and the ‘PATTISON COLLECTION’ The ‘Pattison Collection’ is a collection of books and records that was originally owned by the Warrnambool Mechanics’ Institute, founded in Warrnambool in 1853. By 1886 the Warrnambool Mechanics’ Institute (WMI) had grown to have a Library, Museum and Fine Arts Gallery, with a collection of “… choice productions of art and valuable specimens in almost every branch and many wonderful national curiosities, are now to be seen there, including historic relics of the town and district.” It later included a School of Design. Although it was very well patronised, the WMI was led to ask the City Council to take it over in 1911 due to a lack of financial support. In 1935 Ralph Pattison was appointed as City Librarian to establish and organise the Warrnambool Public Library as it was then called. Ralph Eric Pattison was born in Rockhampton, Queensland, in 1891. He married Maude Swan from Warrnambool in 1920 and they set up a home in Warrnambool. In 1935 when Pattison accepted the position as City Librarian for the Warrnambool City Council his huge challenge was to make a functional library within two rooms of the Mechanics’ Institute. He tirelessly cleaned, cleared and sorted a disarrayed collection of old books, jars of preserved specimens and other items reserved for exhibition in the city’s museum. He developed and updated the library with a wide variety of books for all tastes, including reference books for students; a difficult task to fulfil during the years following the Depression. He converted all of the lower areas of the building into a library, reference room and reading room for members and the public. The books were sorted and stored using a cataloguing and card index system that he had developed himself. He also prepared the upper floor of the building and established the Art Gallery and later the Museum, a place to exhibit the many old relics that had been stored for years for this purpose. One of the treasures he found was a beautiful ancient clock, which he repaired, restored and enjoyed using in his office during the years of his service there. Ralph Pattison was described as “a meticulous gentleman whose punctuality, floorless courtesy and distinctive neat dress were hallmarks of his character, and ‘his’ clock controlled his daily routine and his opening and closing of the library’s large heavy doors to the minute.” Pattison took leave from 1942 to 1945 to serve in the Royal Australian Navy, Volunteer Reserve as Lieutenant. A few years later he converted one of the Museum’s rooms into a Children’s Library, stocking it with suitable books for the younger generation. This was an instant success. In the 1950’s he had the honour of being appointed to the Victorian Library Board and received more inspiration from the monthly conferences in Melbourne. He was sadly retired in 1959 after over 23 years of service, due to the fact that he had gone over the working age of council officers. However, he continued to take a very keen interest in the continual development of the Library until his death in 1969. THE NEW WARRNAMBOOL LIBRARY When the WMI building was pulled down in 1963 a new civic building was erected on the site and the new Warrnambool Library, on behalf of the City Council, took over all the holdings of the WMI. At this time some of the items were separated and identified as the ‘Pattison Collection’, named after Pattison. Eventually, the components of the WMI were distributed from the Warrnambool Library to various places, including the Art Gallery, Historical Society and Flagstaff Hill. Later some were even distributed to other regional branches of Corangamite Regional Library and passed to and fro. It is difficult now to trace just where all of the items have ended up. The books at Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village generally display stamps and markings from Pattison as well as a variety of other institutions including the Mechanics’ Institute itself. WARRNAMBOOL MECHANICS’ INSTITUTE Warrnambool's Mechanics' Institute (or Institution as it was sometimes called) was one of the earliest in Victoria. On 17th October 1853, a meeting was held where it was resolved to request the Lieutenant Governor of the Colony to grant land for the erection of a Mechanics' Institutes building. A committee was formed at the meeting and Richard Osburne chaired the first meeting of this committee. The land on the North West corner of Banyan and Merri Streets was granted but there were no funds to erect the building. The Formal Rights of the Warrnambool Mechanics' Institute's encompassed its aims and these were officially adopted in1859; "This Institution has for its object the diffusion of literary, scientific, and other useful knowledge amongst its members, excluding all controversial subjects, religious or political. These objects are sought to be obtained by means of a circulating library, a reading room, the establishment of classes, debates, and the occasional delivery of lectures on natural and experimental philosophy, mechanics, astronomy, chemistry, natural history, literature, and the useful and ornamental arts, particularly those which have a more immediate reference to the colony." The Warrnambool Mechanics' Institute opened its first reading room in November 1884 in the National School building at the corner of Banyan and Timor Streets. The Institute was funded by member subscription, payable on a quarterly, half-yearly or yearly basis. Samuel Hannaford, the Manager of the Warrnambool Bank of Australasia, was the first Honorary Secretary of the Mechanics' Institutes, and an early President and Vice-President. He also gave several of the early lectures in the Reading Room. Another early Secretary, Librarian and lecturer was Marmaduke Fisher, the teacher at the National School. Lecture topics included The Poets and Poetry of Ireland', 'The Birth and Development of the Earth', 'The Vertebrae - with Remarks on the pleasures resulting from the study of Natural History' and 'Architecture'. In 1856 the Reading Room was moved to James Hider's shop in Timor Street, and by 1864 it was located in the bookshop of Davies and Read. In the 1860s the Mechanics' Institute struggled as membership waned but in 1866, after a series of fundraising efforts, the committee was able to purchase land in Liebig Street, on a site then called Market Square, between the weighbridge and the fire station. A Mechanics' Institute building was opened at this site in August 1871. The following year four more rooms were added to the main Reading Room and in 1873 the Artisan School of Design was incorporated into the Institute. The same year Joseph Archibald established a Museum; however, it deteriorated when he was transferred to Bendigo in 1877. In 1880, with Archibald's return to Warrnambool, the Museum was re-established, and in 1885 a new building was built at the back of the Institute to accommodate the re-created School of Design, the Art Gallery and the Museum. In 1887 the Museum section was moved to the former courthouse in Timor Street (for some time the walls of the building formed part of the TAFE cafeteria but all is now demolished)). In 1911 the Museum was transferred back to the original building and the management of the Mechanics' Institute was handed over to the Warrnambool City Council. The Museum and Art Gallery became one and housed many fine works of art, and the Library continued to grow. The building was well patronised, with records showing that at the beginning of the 20th century there were between 500 and 800 visitors. During World War One the monthly figures were in the thousands, with 3,400 people visiting in January 1915. The Museum was a much - loved Institution in Warrnambool until the contents of the Museum and Art Gallery were removed to make room for the Warrnambool City Council Engineers' Department. The contents were stored but many of the items were scattered or lost. When the original building was demolished the site became occupied by the Civic Centre, which included the new City Library. (The library was temporarily located in the old Palais building in Koroit Street.) In the process of reorganisation the Collection was distributed amongst the community groups: -The new City Library took some of the historical books and some important documents, historic photographs and newspapers. -The Art Gallery kept the 19th Century art collection and some of the artefacts from the museum. -The Historical Society has some items -The State Museum has some items -Some items were destroyed -Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village has old newspapers, Government Gazettes, most of the Mechanics' Institute Library, ledgers and documents connected to the Mechanics' Institute Library, some framed and unframed artworks and some photographs. The Warrnambool Mechanics' Institute Library book collection is deemed to be of great importance because it is one of the few collections in an almost intact state, and many of the books are now very rare and of great value. The Pattison Collection, along with other items at Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village, was originally part of the Warrnambool Mechanics' Institute’s collection. The Warrnambool Mechanics’ Institute Collection is primarily significant in its totality, rather than for the individual objects it contains. Its contents are highly representative of the development of Mechanics' Institute libraries across Australia, particularly Victoria. A diversity of publications and themes has been amassed, and these provide clues to our understanding of the nature of and changes in the reading habits of Victorians from the 1850s to the middle of the 20th century. The collection also highlights the Warrnambool community’s commitment to the Mechanics’ Institute, reading, literacy and learning in the regions, and proves that access to knowledge was not impeded by distance. These items help to provide a more complete picture of our community’s ideals and aspirations. The Warrnambool Mechanics Institute book collection has historical and social significance for its strong association with the Mechanics Institute movement and the important role it played in the intellectual, cultural and social development of people throughout the latter part of the nineteenth century and the early twentieth century. The collection of books is a rare example of an early lending library and its significance is enhanced by the survival of an original collection of many volumes. The Warrnambool Mechanics' Institute’s publication collection is of both local and state significance. Charles Kingsley: His Letters and Memories of His Life Vol 1 Author: Charles Kingsley Edited by his wife ( Frances "Fanny" Grenfell) Publisher: C Kegan Paul & Co Date: 1879 Further Information: Sixth Abridged EditionThe label on the spine cover with typed text PAT 920 KIN. Pastedown frontend paper has a sticker from Warrnambool Mechanics Institute and Free Library covered by a sticker from Corangamite Regional Library Service. Front loose endpaper has a stamp from Corangamite Regional Library Service. Flyleaf has a stamp from Corangamite Regional Library Service. flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, book, pattison collection, warrnambool library, warrnambool mechanics’ institute, ralph eric pattison, corangamite regional library service, warrnambool city librarian, mechanics’ institute library, victorian library board, warrnambool books and records, warrnambool children’s library, charles kingsley: his letters and memories of his life vol 1, frances "fanny" grenfell, mrs kingsley