Butter Churns were commonly used on farms to turn cream into butter. The cream was placed inside the container and the lid was placed on top to prevent spillage. Turning the handle on the side of the box would move a paddle inside to agitate the cream and turn it into butter. This process would require approximately 20-30 minutes of consistent work to produce results. The Cherry & Sons model butter churn was used in the early parts of the 20th century and could make up to 6kgs of butter.Unpainted wooden box, with brass handle and wooden lidfarm, machinery, dairy, equipment, butter, churn, hand operated, churning, churchill island

The cheese press was a manual device used for the final steps in making cheese. Widely used throughout the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, there were many different styles including the screw lever press, spring presses, and this horizontal design. Two presses were generally done: the first gave form to the ‘cheese’, ensuring it was appropriately dense, and the second used a greater weight to eliminate the excess whey. Each pressing took place overnight, and after complete, the cheese was wrapped in a muslin cloth, date stamped and stored in a cool room. The manufacturer of this cheese press was J & T Young Ltd, and was probably manufactured at the Vulcan Foundry in Ayrshire, Scotland. Metal cheese press, whitefarm machinery, dairy, churchill island, cheese, hand operated

Rotary grindstones have been in consistent use for centuries as devices to sharpen or shape ferrous metals. Pedal-operated rotary grindstone on timber stand. The circular stone is attached to a four legged stand, with a length of wood linking to a pedal. Unpainted, unfinished, and slight deterioration. farm machinery, grindstone, churchill island, rotary, farm

Power-driven, metal-cast woodworking tools such as this lathe were produced in Melbourne during the 1930’s by Royston Siddons. The lathe is designed to hold and rotate wood, which is shaped into circular, cylindrical or moulded forms using changeable cutting tools. Long lathes, such as this one, were used to turn verandah posts. The metal base supports a headstock (far end), tailstock (right) and moveable tool rest. The fixed headstock comprises cone pulleys, a spindle and chuck with spur centre to grip the wood. The adjustable tailstock will hold wood at the required distance, with additional central support for long pieces. The tool rest can be moved along the bed to the required position.Long steel lathe with black metallathe, steel, hand operated, machine operated

“Sundial 2hp engine, open crank, 600rpm, serial number 6420.” These small 4 stroke engines were widely used on Australian farms through the 20th century to power chaffcutters, grinders, saws, lighting plants, pumps, shearing plants, milking machines and cream separators easing much of the drudgery of farm work. They were also used in garages and workshops and by bush fire brigades. The engine was made by H.V.McKay Massey Harris. At one time Hugh Victor McKay’s Sunshine Harvester Works was the largest factory in Australia but in 1930, to ensure survival during the Great Depression, elected to merge with the Australian arm of a Canadian firm, Massey Harris. The Sundial is fitted with twin flywheels, making it a compact and convenient power source as either wheel could double as a drive wheel. Its connecting rod, crankshaft and flywheel spokes are covered, a safety measure that was not standard at the time. These engines were advertised as simple, dependable, low in price and cheap to run. They had the additional advantage that a bolt-on kit was made by the manufacturer to convert them to run on kerosene. ‘The engine's output is two horsepower (1.5 kW) at 600 rpm. The compression ratio is 5:1 and the spark plug is activated by a high tension magneto. The fuel tank holds 3.3 litres and the cooling water hopper holds 6.6 litres. Cylinder bore is 101 mm and piston stroke is 115 mm.’ In a catalogue of HV McKay Massey Harris agricultural machinery published in March 1942, the engine is described as follows: 'The cylinder head is of the hot, turbulent type, giving the finest fuel atomisation and heat distribution. The carburettor, of special design, has an automatic air valve controlling the amount of air. The supersensitive, high speed, flyball-type governor provides an ample range of speed.'Typical of units used on local farms. RepresentativeSundial 2 h.p. engine, open crank 600 rpm Seral number 6420, red. Attached to yellow grain grinderSunshine McKay, 1939 Serial no. 6420farm machinery, stationary, machine operated, belt driven

The Moffat Virtue Company was founded by John Moffat (1841 – 1918) and William Virtue (1863 – 1926) in Sydney. Both men were born in Scotland, John Moffat was a mining entrepreneur who migrated to Queensland in 1861 and began mining in the far north of Queensland. William Virtue was a talented mechanical engineer who became acquainted with John Moffat through their mutual involvement with the New Jerusalem Church and the teachings of theologian Emanuel Swedenborg. Moffat invited Virtue to migrate to Queensland, which he did with his young family but they finally settled in Sydney. Moffat had become interested in shearing machines and Virtue’s engineering skills enabled the registration of several patents in 1891 – 1894. The Moffat Virtue alliance grew and prospered and by 1911 all the entrants in the first sheep shearing competition at the Sydney Royal Show chose the company’s machines. By 1914 Moffat Virtue was a household name in rural Australia due to manufacture of agricultural machinery and household appliances. The company began making petrol engines in 1920 at 205 Clarence Street, moved to 11 – 25 Palmer Street in 1929 and later moved to Rosebery. The petrol-kerosene engine was popular as the use of kerosene made it very cheap to run. The motor starts by using petrol and once the engine is warmed, the vaporiser is activated which enables the use of kerosene as the running fuel. The carburettor and cylinder head are designed to ensure thorough vaporisation and complete combustion of fuel, resulting in maximum horsepower at lowest fuel consumption The serial number indicates 1944 as the approximate date of manufacture.Green petrol engine with red trim and crank handle. Attached to green grain grinder“Moffat Virtue Petrol Kerosene Engine No. 9142 1000RPM 3HP Change oil every 90 working hours SAE 40 For severe service and in Summer SAE 30 Warranty void unless above instructions followed” farm, machinery, stationary engine, crank, belt driven, engine, churchill island

Orange drill press with cream wheel (top of photo)"Buffalo N.Y. #602"churchill island, drill press, hand operated

Drill press, blue with orange wheel (bottom in photo)Dawn Manufacturing Codrill press, hand operated

The forge blower is one of the most important tools in a blacksmith's workshop. The function of the blower is to deliver a consistent air supply to the base of the fire to aid the combustion process.Red forge blower made of strong metal, with centrifugal design and top square vent for air. Crank missing. farm machinery, forge, forge blower, machine operated, churchill island

Single stand shearing machine on unpainted wooden stand. Painted blue/green with red discfarm machinery, wool, shearing, machine operated

The family-owned Furphy company has been manufacturing agricultural equipment in Kyneton and then Shepparton in Victoria from the 1860s to the present day. In the late 1800s the company developed the Furphy Water Cart to help farmers transport water to and from and around their properties - especially in time of drought. At the beginning of World War One, the carts were used to distribute water amongst the thousands of soldiers completing their basic training at Broadmeadows. They were also used for the same purpose in the camps and battlefields overseas. As the soldiers gathered around the water carts they would often chat, share information and gossip amongst themselves. These practices resulted in the term Furphy evolving in to the Australian vernacular as meaning a statement or fact that isn’t quite true or a little bit dubious.Furphy water cart, unpainted with traces of red on embossed endOn side of tank in black paint "CHURCHILL ISLAND" Embossed on end: Furphy water cart; makers Furphy & Sons, Shepparton and other inscriptions.farm machinery, water, furphy cart, horse drawn, furphy, churchill island, shepparton, kyneton

Fourteen unpainted boards, metal ends; swingle trace on galvanised chainfarm machinery, historic, sled, horse drawn

Belt driven wheel, timber, blue metal trims and circumference bandThe Alexandra. Maker T.Robinson & Co Ltd, Spotiswoodefarm machinery, dairy equipment, butter, butter worker, machine driven

Black pole, double black swingle trees. farm machinery, swingle tree, horse drawn, churchill island

Five swingle trees hinged together. Straight lengths of wood of varying lengths attached to each other through U-shaped metal fittings. Top piece of wood is the longest, and connects to shorter lengths at the distal edges, with the attachment point on the latter being in the centre. Unpainted and unfinished with flecks of white paint. farm machinery, swingle tree, horse drawn, churchill island

Two horse swingle trees hinged either end of one long swingle tree. Straight lengths of wood attached to one another through elongated metal fittings to form a diverging shape. Primary 'swingle' has a U-shaped piece of metal in the middle, and connected to two smaller swingles through circular attachments at either end. Unpainted.swingle, swingletrees, swingletree, horse drawn, churchill island, farm

Unpainted timber pole; single metal swingle tree, surface rustfarm machinery, swingle tree, horse drawn

This engine has a blue green casing and has been made portable as it is mounted on a tray supported by four red metal wheels. It could be moved around the paddocks or sheds pulled by horses or oxen. There is no identification plate on the engine and there are no maker’s stamps or marks therefore it is difficult to name the company responsible for its manufacture. Engines like this were invaluable on farms to operate threshing and milling machines, pumps, saw benches, hay balers and chaffcutters, among other things. This engine is currently attached to a chaff cutter. The value is also in the fact that it has two belt drive wheels so could be used to perform two different operations simultaneously depending on available horsepower.Blue green casing; two belt drive wheels; red wheels. Attached to green chaff cutterchurchill island, farm machinery, stationary engine, belt driven

Good example of farm improvisationHoome made unpainted metal bag hanger with shearer plough wheels base. Ring to hold bag stored separatelyfarm machinery, bag hanger, improvisation, hand made, churchill island

Dr Harry Jenkins owned Churchill Island from 1936 to 1963 and bequeathed it to Margaret Campbell on his death. Sister Campbell had been nurse to his disabled son and wife and she lived on the island from the time of World War Two. The item was given to Arthur Evans, a family friend, on the day of the auction sale of artifacts when she sold the island, approximately 1973. This item demonstrates Harry Jenkins thorough and detailed approach to the maintenance of Churchill Island Farm and construction in the era.Small lined notebook, with navy blue plastic removable cover with press stud fasteners. Contains notes regarding 1959 bridge construction written by Harry Jenkins. bridge, 1959, harry jenkins, churchill island, farm, roadwork, jenkins

Dr Harry Jenkins owned Churchill Island from 1936 to 1963 and bequeathed it to Margaret Campbell on his death. Sister Campbell had been nurse to his disabled son and wife and she lived on the island from the time of World War Two. The item was given to Arthur Evans, a family friend, on the day of the auction sale of artifacts when she sold the island, approximately 1973. The document demonstrates farming and fungicide methods of the era.Paper document report, carbon copy, foolscap, on 'Bordesan', a colloidal suspension of a highly fungicial copper preparation, written by J.D. Riedal-E. de Haen A.G., Chemical Works, Berlin-Britz, Germany, and a memo from S.W. Peterson & Co. Ltd, Sydney Office to Mr. Sutcliffe, Melbourne. 15 pagesBordesan, J.D. Riedel-E. de Haen A.G., Churchill Island, S.W. Peterson & Co Ltdbordesan, j.d. riedel-e. de haen a.g., churchill island, s.w. peterson & co ltd, chemical

Dr Harry Jenkins owned Churchill Island from 1936 to 1963 and bequeathed it to Margaret Campbell on his death. Sister Campbell had been nurse to his disabled son and wife and she lived on the island from the time of World War Two. The item was given to Arthur Evans, a family friend, on the day of the auction sale of artifacts when she sold the island, approximately 1973. Demonstrates involvement with local communityDonation receipt from Warley Bush Nursing Hospital Cowes, Phillip Island, No. 3522, received from Churchill Island Family in sum of 50 pounds for a bed, dated 21.5.196221.5.196, Churchill Island Family, fifthy [pounds], Donation - Bed, 50, [signed] M.J. Beatonwarley bush nursing hospital, cowes, phillip island, churchill island

Dr Harry Jenkins owned Churchill Island from 1936 to 1963 and bequeathed it to Margaret Campbell on his death. Sister Campbell had been nurse to his disabled son and wife and she lived on the island from the time of World War Two. The item was given to Arthur Evans, a family friend, on the day of the auction sale of artifacts when she sold the island, approximately 1973. This item demonstrates values and costs of era.Paper document, Final Statement re Estate of late Mrs. Anna Hannah Gahan, relative of the wife of Harry Jenkins, Alice (nee Gahan), itemizing receipts and disbursements, dated 24/4/1936. Original typed.mrs. anna hannah gahan, alice gahan, alice jenkins, harry jenkins, churchill island, gahan, jenkins, statement

Dr Harry Jenkins owned Churchill Island from 1936 to 1963 and bequeathed it to Margaret Campbell on his death. Sister Campbell had been nurse to his disabled son and wife and she lived on the island from the time of World War Two. The item was given to Arthur Evans, a family friend, on the day of the auction sale of artifacts when she sold the island, approximately 1973. This carbon copy of the estate of Mrs Anna Hannah Gahan shows the price and value of Churchill Island at the time of her death.Carbon copy of the Final Statement of the Estate of Mrs Anna Hannah Gahan, relative of the wife of Harry Jenkins, Alice. Document is typed in two columns with an itemised list of the complete estatemrs. anna hannah gahan, alice gahan, alice jenkins, harry jenkins, churchill island, jenkins, farm, gahan, statement, deceased estate, 1973, auction, arthur evans

Dr Harry Jenkins owned Churchill Island from 1936 to 1963 and bequeathed it to Margaret Campbell on his death. Sister Campbell had been nurse to his disabled son and wife and she lived on the island from the time of World War Two. The item was given to Arthur Evans, a family friend, on the day of the auction sale of artifacts when she sold the island, approximately 1973. Demonstrates Harry Jenkins interest and involvement in farming and cattle.Paper periodical publication 'The Australian Farm & Home', Journal of The Royal Agricultural Society of Victoria, VOL. LI-No.4, April 30, 1942, containing an article 'The Churchill Stud' by Capt. E.W. Dixon'Mrs. Jenkins' [front page, left hand side], 'Printed Matter Only. Mr. Ted Jenkins, Churchill Island via Newhaven', [back cover, left hand side]the australian farm & home, journal of the royal agricultural society of victoria, the churchill stud, dairy shorthorn, capt. e.w. dixon, harry jenkins, churchill island

Dr Harry Jenkins owned Churchill Island from 1936 to 1963 and bequeathed it to Margaret Campbell on his death. Sister Campbell had been nurse to his disabled son and wife and she lived on the island from the time of World War Two. The item was given to Arthur Evans, a family friend, on the day of the auction sale of artifacts when she sold the island, approximately 1973. Typed solicitor's letter on letterhead of Henderson & Ball, addressed to Mr. E.H. Jenkins regarding purchase of land from G.R. Buckley and Others. Letter dated 11 May, 1939"at 4 1/2 %" [inserted last line, fourth paragraph], "(Purchase Price 2000 pounds)" [end fourth paragraph], "HenB" [bottom first page], "Henderson Ball" [second page}henderson & ball, mr e.h. jenkins, g.r. buckley, harry jenkins, churchill island, 1939

Dr Harry Jenkins owned Churchill Island from 1936 to 1963 and bequeathed it to Margaret Campbell on his death. Sister Campbell had been nurse to his disabled son and wife and she lived on the island from the time of World War Two. The item was given to Arthur Evans, a family friend, on the day of the auction sale of artifacts when she sold the island, approximately 1973. The document demonstrates Harry Jenkins interest and committment to farming and provides information on farming of the era.Typed letter on Department of Agriculture, Victoria letterhead, addressed to Mr. E.H. Jenkins, regarding improvement of pasture land at Churchill Island, signed 'R.L. Twentyman,' Agrostologist, dated 9th April, 1941R.L. Twentyman [bottom right hand corner]department of agriculture, mr. e.h. jenkins, harry jenkins, churchill island, farm

Dr Harry Jenkins owned Churchill Island from 1936 to 1963 and bequeathed it to Margaret Campbell on his death. Sister Campbell had been nurse to his disabled son and wife and she lived on the island from the time of World War Two. The item was given to Arthur Evans, a family friend, on the day of the auction sale of artifacts when she sold the island, approximately 1973The report demonstrates Harry Jenkins interest and committment to farming and provides information on farming in the era.Report on visit to property owned by Mr. H. Jenkins, Churchill Island, regarding stock, pastures, crops, and recommendations, written by A.C.T. Hewitt on his visit to Churchill Island on 17.4.1942. Report enclosed with letter dated 1st May 1942 [Item Registration No. 0230]"under present conditions' [end 7th paragraph, 2nd page]churchill island, farm, harry jenkins, farm management

Dr Harry Jenkins owned Churchill Island from 1936 to 1963 and bequeathed it to Margaret Campbell on his death. Sister Campbell had been nurse to his disabled son and wife and she lived on the island from the time of World War Two. The item was given to Arthur Evans, a family friend, on the day of the auction sale of artifacts when she sold the island, approximately 1973This letter demonstrates Harry Jenkins committment to farming at Churchill Island.Typed paper letter on Department of Agriculture letterhead, to Mr. H. Jenkins, dated 1st May, 1942, enclosing report with recommendations on visit to Churchill Island. Signed A.C.T. Heweitt, Live Stock Science OfficerA.C.T. Hewitt [bottom right hand corner]department of agriculture, live stock division, a.c.t. hewitt, mr h. jenkins, harry jenkins, churchill island

Dr Harry Jenkins owned Churchill Island from 1936 to 1963 and bequeathed it to Margaret Campbell on his death. Sister Campbell had been nurse to his disabled son and wife and she lived on the island from the time of World War Two. The item was given to Arthur Evans, a family friend, on the day of the auction sale of artifacts when she sold the island, approximately 1973This document provides information regarding Churchill Island ownership.Pencil notes regarding Churchill Island ownership from 1879 to 1937. Author unknownTULLIS BOND MADE IN GREAT BRITAIN [watermark - bottom of page, rear]churchill island ownership, chruchill island, amess, jenkins, farm, notes, handwritten